U.S. patent number 3,874,580 [Application Number 05/328,876] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-01 for container end closure.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Weatherchem Corporation. Invention is credited to Albert J. Weatherhead, III.
United States Patent |
3,874,580 |
Weatherhead, III |
April 1, 1975 |
Container end closure
Abstract
A food dispensing container is disclosed which includes a fiber
tube, a bottom end closure, and a self-locking top end closure. The
top end closure includes a generally flat laterally extending end
portion, and an annular skirt portion extending axially from the
end portion. A plurality of locking means are disposed in positions
of remotely spaced adjacency on the end closure for holding the
skirt portion in the fiber tube. Each of the locking means includes
a plurality of axially spaced locking barbs and a reinforcing strut
extending between the end portion and the skirt portion which
prevents radially inward deformation of the locking barbs. The
skirt portion and the fiber tube are dimensioned to provide an
interference fit, and the locking barbs locally stretch the fiber
tube so that the resilience of the stretched fiber tube forces the
fiber tube onto the locking barbs. The locking means are spaced
120.degree. apart, and the locking barbs each extend through an arc
of only 3.degree., whereby the force of the locally stretched fiber
tube is concentrated on a small area of the locking barbs.
Inventors: |
Weatherhead, III; Albert J.
(Cleveland Heights, OH) |
Assignee: |
Weatherchem Corporation
(Twinsburg, OH)
|
Family
ID: |
23282838 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/328,876 |
Filed: |
February 1, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
229/5.5; 220/253;
220/615; 222/563; 220/266; 222/554; 229/125.17 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
47/265 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
47/26 (20060101); B65D 47/04 (20060101); B65d
003/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;229/5.5,5.8,43
;220/24,66 ;215/47,316,320,321 ;222/554,563,569,570 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,178,774 |
|
May 1959 |
|
FR |
|
1,114,986 |
|
May 1968 |
|
UK |
|
653,023 |
|
May 1951 |
|
UK |
|
Primary Examiner: Price; William I.
Assistant Examiner: Hart; Ro E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: McNenny, Farrington, Pearne &
Gordon
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In combination, an end closure and a fiber tube, said fiber tube
including a generally cylindrical wall, and said end closure being
plastic and including a laterally extending end portion, an annular
skirt portion extending axially from said end portion, said skirt
portion having an inner surface and a generally smooth outer
surface being received within said tube wall, and a plurality of
locking means disposed in positions of remotely spaced adjacency
holding said skirt portion in said tube wall, each of said locking
means including a plurality of axially spaced locking barbs, each
of said barbs extending radially outwardly from said generally
smooth outer surface and terminating at a sharp edge, reinforcing
strut means extending from said end portion to said inner surface
solely at a location immediately adjacent said locking barbs and
preventing radially inward deformation of said locking barbs, said
locking barbs locally deforming the portion of said tube wall
adjacent said locking barbs radially outwardly to stretch said
portion of said tube wall to a position radially outwardly of the
remaining portions of said tube wall intermediate said barbs, and
the resilience of said stretched tube wall urging said fiber tube
onto said locking barbs whereby said locking barbs lock said end
closure onto said fiber tube.
2. The combination in accordance with claim 1 wherein said locking
barbs and reinforcing strut means each extend through an arc of
less than ten degrees.
3. The combination in accordance with claim 2 wherein said locking
barbs and reinforcing strut means each extend through an arc of not
greater than 3.degree..
4. The combination in accordance with claim 2 wherein said locking
means are at least 90.degree. apart.
5. The combination in accordance with claim 4 wherein said locking
means are 120.degree. apart.
6. The combination in accordance with claim 1 wherein said end
portion includes a generally flat axially recessed center portion,
and each of said reinforcing struts extend between said inner
surface adjacent said locking barbs and said recessed center
portion.
7. The combination in accordance with claim 1 wherein said locking
means provide the sole means for holding said end closure on said
tube.
8. The combination in accordance with claim 1 wherein said outer
surface of said skirt portion from which said locking barbs project
and said cylindrical wall of said fiber tube are dimensioned to
provide an interference fit therebetween.
9. A plastic end closure comprising a laterally extending end
portion, an annular skirt portion extending axially from said end
portion, said skirt portion having an inner surface and a generally
smooth outer surface, a plurality of locking means disposed in
positions of remotely spaced adjacency along said skirt portion,
each of said locking means including a plurality of axially spaced
locking barbs, each of said barbs extending radially outwardly from
said generally smooth outer surface and terminating at a sharp
edge, reinforcing strut means extending from said end portion to
said inner surface solely at a location immediately adjacent said
locking barbs and preventing radially inward deformation of said
locking barbs, and said locking barbs and reinforcing strut means
each extending through an arc of less than ten degrees.
10. A plastic end closure in accordance with claim 9 wherein said
locking barbs and reinforcing strut means each extend through an
arc of not greater than three degrees.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to plastic end closures, and more
particularly to a self-locking plastic end closure for use on a
fiber tube.
Paper fiber tubes (that is, tubes which include layers of fiber
material wound such as in a helix one upon the other and secured
together by an adhesive) have become widely used for dispensing
containers in the food packaging industry. The paper of such tubes
may be plain or it may be coated, waxed, resin-impregnated, or
combined with other foils or films to provide a satisfactory
container for various types of food products. The tubes are cut to
the desired length of the container, and a plastic end closure is
placed on each end of the tube to form the container.
Each end closure includes a generally flat round end portion and an
annular skirt which extends from the end portion and which is
received within the tube. In order to hold the end closure on the
tube and seal the interface of the end closure and the tube, an
adhesive is applied to the inside of the tube or to the skirt of
the end closure prior to assembly. Although such adhesively held
end closures have achieved wide commercial acceptance, it is
desirable to eliminate the step of applying the adhesive and to
provide an end closure which is secured on the tube without the use
of an adhesive. This problem has existed for many years, but a
plastic end closure which could be pushed onto the end of a fiber
tube without breaking and which could be satifactorily secured to
the fiber tube without an adhesive has not been provided in the art
prior to the present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a self-locking end closure for use
with a fiber tube. The end closure is of plastic and includes a
generally flat laterally extending end portion. An annular skirt
portion extends axially from the end portion, and the skirt portion
has a generally smooth outer surface for being received within the
tube.
A plurality of locking means are arranged in positions of remotely
spaced adjacency 120.degree. apart on the end closure for securing
the end closure onto the fiber tube. Each of the locking means
includes a plurality of axially spaced locking barbs extending
radially outwardly from the outer surface of the skirt portion and
terminating in a sharp edge. A reinforcing strut extends from the
closure end portion to the skirt portion immediately adjacent the
locking barbs and prevents radially inward deformation of the
locking barbs and of the skirt portion adjacent the locking barbs.
In this manner, the circumferentially spaced locking barbs are not
forced radially inwardly when the end closure is pushed axially
onto the tube, but, instead, the locking barbs radially outwardly
deform the tube to locally stretch the tube so that the resilience
of the locally stretched tube urges the tube onto the sharp edges
of the locking barbs.
The arcuate extent of the locking barbs of each locking means is
less than ten degrees and in the preferred embodiment is not
greater than 3.degree.. This feature concentrates the resilient
force of the locally stretched tube on a small area of the locking
barbs to force the tube onto the locking barbs, and minimizes the
force required to assemble the end closure onto the fiber tube to
prevent breakage of the plastic end closure during assembly. In
this manner, the invention provides a self-locking plastic end
closure which can be assembled onto a fiber tube without breaking
and which is secured on the tube without the need for an
adhesive.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
These and other aspects and advantages of the invention will become
readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon an understanding
of the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in the
accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a dispensing container according to
the principles of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the end closure for the top of
the dispensing container shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the end closure shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view taken along reference view line
4--4 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlargement of a portion of FIG. 4 showing a portion
of one of the locking means provided by the present invention;
and
FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view taken along reference view line
6--6 of FIG. 4, but with the cross-hatch lines omitted for
clarity.
Referring now to the drawings in greater detail, FIG. 1 is a
perspective view of a dispensing container according to the
principles of the invention. The dispensing container shown in FIG.
1 is particularly adapted for use with food products and includes a
paper fiber tube 11. The tube 11 is well known in the art and
includes layers of heavy kraft paper wound in a helix one upon the
other and secured together by an adhesive. The dispensing container
shown in FIG. 1 also includes a bottom end closure 12 and a top end
closure 14 which are secured on the ends of the fiber tube 11 to
close the ends. In actual use, one of the end closures is first
secured on the fiber tube 11 to form an open ended can, the can
which is so formed is filled with the product which is to be
dispensed, and the other end closure is then placed on the open end
of the can to form the dispensing container.
FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 show the top end closure 14 in greater detail. The
end closure 14 includes a stationary cap 15 and a rotatable disc
16. The cap 15 and the disc 16 are each injection molded, and the
cap 15 is preferably made of a medium impact styrene while the disc
16 is preferably made of a flexible polyethylene. This provides a
stationary cap which is rigid and a rotatable disc which is
flexible so that the disc can be snapped onto the cap without
breakage.
As best seen in FIGS. 1 and 4, the rotatable disc 16 includes a
large arcuate shaped opening 17 for pouring or for receiving a
spoon and a plurality of smaller openings 18 for dispensing the
contents of the container by shaking. The rotatable disc 16 also
includes a depending axle portion 19 which is snapped into a
suitable opening in the center of the stationary cap 15, and the
disc 16 is rotated to bring the openings 17 or 18 into alignment
with a suitable opening formed in the stationary cap 15 and
described below.
The construction of the stationary cap 15 is shown in FIGS. 2, 3
and 4. The cap 15 includes a laterally extending end portion 23 and
an annular skirt portion 24 extending axially from the end portion
23.
The end portion 23 includes a support portion 26, an axially
recessed center portion 27, and a conical connecting portion 28
extending between the support portion 26 and the recessed center
portion 27. The support portion 26 includes an annular groove 29
extending about its outer circumference for receiving a depending
lip of the bottom end closure of another container (not shown) for
stacking purposes in a well known manner. The axially recessed
center portion 27 includes a removable tab 30 which is defined by a
reduced thickness outline portion 31 so that the tab 30 can be
removed in the manner disclosed in U.S. Letters Pat. No. 2,961,132
to permit dispensing the contents of the container through the
large opening 17 or the smaller openings 18.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the skirt portion 24 is substantially
cylindrical and extends axially from the end portion 23 for being
received within the fiber tube 11. The skirt portion 24 includes an
inner surface 33 and a smooth outer surface 34, and the free end of
the outer surface 34 is tapered to provide an entrant surface to
assist in the assembly of the end closure 14 onto the fiber tube
11. The diameter of the outer surface 34 is approximately three
inches in the embodiment shown in the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 2 through 5, the top end closure 14 also includes
a plurality of locking means 35. The locking means 35 are arranged
in positions of remotely spaced adjacency on the end closure 14,
and the structure of each of the three locking means is identical.
Each locking means includes a plurality of axially spaced locking
barbs 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44 (FIG. 5), each of which extend radially
outwardly approximately 0.015 inches from the outer surface 34 of
the skirt portion 24 and each of which terminate at a sharp edge.
Each locking means 35 also includes a reinforcing strut 50, and
each reinforcing strut 50 extends from the portion of the inner
surface 33 adjacent the locking barbs 40 through 44 radially
inwardly to the support portion 26 and the recessed center portion
27 and the connecting portion 28.
When the top end closure 14 is to be assembled onto the fiber tube
11, it is properly aligned with the fiber tube 11 and is displaced
axially onto the fiber tube 11. This is commonly done with
automatic machinery which positions the end closure 14 and applies
a force to the support portion 26 to push the end closure onto the
fiber tube 11.
The inside diameter of the fiber tube 11 and the outside diameter
of the outer surface 34 (that is, the diameter of the cylindrical
portion of the outer surface 34 from which the locking barbs
project) are dimensioned to provide an interference fit. When the
end closure 14 is assembled onto the fiber tube 11, the projecting
barbs of each of the locking means 35 deform the portion of the
fiber tube 11 adjacent thereto radially outwardly to locally
stretch the fiber tube 11 in the manner shown in FIG. 6. The
reinforcing strut of each of the locking means 35 prevents radially
inward deformation of the locking barbs when the end closure 14 is
assembled on the tube 11 to insure such stretching of the fiber
tube at the location of each of the locking means. This stretching
of the fiber tube 11 forces the tube onto the barbs 40 through 44
and deeply embeds the barbs in the fiber tube 11 to lock the end
closure 14 thereon.
As further shown in FIG. 3, the locking means 35 are remotely
spaced about the circumference of the skirt portion 24, and the
locking barbs of each locking means extend only through a small arc
53. The locking means are spaced apart by an arc of at least ninety
degrees, and in the preferred embodiment the locking means are
120.degree. apart. The locking barbs of the locking means each
extend through an arc of less than 10.degree., and in the preferred
embodiment the locking barbs each extend through an arc of not
greater than 3.degree.. This feature of the invention concentrates
the resilient force created by the localized stretching of the
fiber tube 11 on a small area to provide a self-locking end closure
in which the locking barbs are embedded in the fiber tube in the
manner illustrated in FIG. 5 even when the fiber tube 11 is
constructed of relatively hard kraft paper. Furthermore, this
feature of the invention also minimizes the axial force required to
assemble the end closure 14 onto the fiber tube 11 to prevent
breakage of the end closure during assembly.
Although a preferred embodiment of this invention is illustrated it
is to be understood that various modifications and rearrangements
of parts may be resorted to without departing from the scope of the
invention disclosed and claimed herein.
* * * * *