U.S. patent number 3,874,372 [Application Number 05/396,431] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-01 for insert for ultrasonic medical device.
Invention is credited to Alain Le Bon.
United States Patent |
3,874,372 |
Le Bon |
April 1, 1975 |
INSERT FOR ULTRASONIC MEDICAL DEVICE
Abstract
An insert for ultrasonic medical apparatus includes a transducer
for generating ultrasonic vibrations and a treatment instrument
actively coupled to the transducer to apply the ultrasonic
vibrations developed by the transducer to a patient undergoing
treatment. The treatment instrument is a slender needle and is
provided with a bore along its longitudinal axis. The bore provides
a flow path for a fluid which flows through it, through a bulge in
the flowpath at one end of the treatment instrument, and out
through an orifice in the bulge. The bulge or enlargement induces
cavitation in the fluid which reinforces the ultrasonic
vibrations.
Inventors: |
Le Bon; Alain (92400
Courbevoie, FR) |
Family
ID: |
9104229 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/396,431 |
Filed: |
September 12, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
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Sep 13, 1972 [FR] |
|
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72.32456 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
606/128 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B
17/22012 (20130101); A61M 3/0279 (20130101); A61B
2018/00011 (20130101); A61B 2217/007 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
17/22 (20060101); A61B 18/00 (20060101); A61M
3/00 (20060101); A61M 3/02 (20060101); A61h
001/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/24A,66,62A,33R,303.1,325,65 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Trapp; Lawrence W.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Burns; Robert E. Lobato; Emmanuel
J. Adams; Bruce L.
Claims
What I claim and desire to secure by letters patent is:
1. A medical device for applying ultrasonic vibrations to a patient
which comprises a hollow handle, an insert supported in said
handle, said insert comprising an ultrasonic vibration generator
inserted in said handle, a treatment instrument comprising a
slender needle provided with a bore passing along its longitudinal
axis defining a fluid flow path for flowing a fluid therethrough,
said vibration generator having a joining stem protruding from said
handle for coactively joining said ultrasonic vibration generator
in use to said treatment instrument for applying ultrasonic
vibrations developed by said generator to a patient, said treatment
instrument having one end bulged with an outlet orifice
communicating with said bore for inducing cavitation in said fluid
when discharged through said outlet orifice, said hollow handle
defining a fluid flow path for delivery of said fluid to said
ultrasonic vibration generator to cool said ultrasonic vibration
generator, a flexible tubing connected between said flow path in
said handle and said flow path in said treatment instrument, and
said flow of fluid passing through said bulge and having cavitation
induced therein by said bulge in order to reinforce said ultrasonic
vibrations.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to medical equipment for human or veterinary
medicine using ultrasonics, and more particularly to a part of the
equipment called an insert.
The use of medical equipment that produces ultrasonic vibrations
for the treatment of various ills is well known. For example, U.S.
Pat. No. 2,990,616 and 3,075,288 teach ultrasonic medical
instruments used to treat stomach illnesses.
Ultrasonic medical instruments usually include an electric power
source, a fluid source and a handle supporting an insert. The
insert includes a transducer for generating ultrasonic vibrations
actively coupled to a treatment instrument which applies the
ultrasonic vibrations to an area of a patient undergoing treatment.
A fluid current immerses the transducer and is then directed to the
active zone of the treatment instrument; that is, the area of the
treatment instrument at which the ultrasonic vibrations are applied
to the patient. Most often a tube attached to the insert and
provided with a swivelling tip at an end directs the fluid to the
active zone of the treatment instrument.
Circulation of the fluid over the transducer and to the treatment
instrument is necessary and desirable for a number of reasons.
First, the fluid carries away heat from the transducer and from the
active zone of the treatment instrument. This heat is generated by
a transformation of some of the mechanical energy carried in the
ultrasonic vibrations into thermal energy and would cause a
considerable rise in temperature of the insert if it were not
removed. By atomizing the fluid delivered to the active zone of the
treatment instrument while the instrument is undergoing ultrasonic
vibrations, cavitation is developed in the fluid. Vacuum bubbles
within the atomized fluid burst and generate shock waves in the
atomized fluid which reinforces the effect of the mechanical
ultrasonic vibrations. Finally, for medical reasons one may wish to
apply an active fluid to the area of treatment that will produce
some desired result in a biological specimen undergoing treatment.
For example, it is known to apply a hemostatic liquid in this
manner.
In order to maximize cooling of the treatment insert vibration
reinforcement due cavitation, a biological reaction from the active
properties of the fluid, the fluid should be delivered as close as
possible to the active zone of the instrument and to the region
under treatment. This is particularly true in the case of
cavitation effects. Because of peculiarities in their construction,
known inserts do not permit maximum cooling, cavitation, and
biological effects. In these devices fluid to be atomized is
directed over the active zone of the treatment instrument by an
erratically swivelling tip attached to an end of tubing through
which the fluid flows. As a result poor contact between the active
zone of the treatment instrument and the atomized fluid is
realized.
Another important limitation of known instruments results from the
means by which a flow path of the fluid is established. The
juxtaposition along the treatment instrument of a flow path means
for the fluid creates an obstruction rendering the instrument
inapplicable for certain operations.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is a principal object of the invention to provide an insert for
ultrasonic medical instruments eliminating the problems of the
aforementioned inserts.
The insert according to the invention is part of an ultrasonic
medical device usable, for example, for disintegrating kidney
stones. The device comprises a hollow handle or holder with the
insert inserted therein. The insert comprises an electro-mechanical
transducer for generating ultrasonic vibration and a treatment
instrument fixed to the transducer and coactive therewith for
applying ultrasonic vibrations developed by the transducer to an
area of a biological specimin or patient undergoing treatment. The
hollow handle of the device defines a fluid flow path through which
fluid flows enveloping the transducer. Flow path means extend the
flow path to an end of the treatment instrument adjacent the
transducer. The treatment instrument is in the form of a slender
needle, hollow along its longitudinal axis, and flared at its end
opposite the transducer. Fluid flowing through the hollow handle
continues through the flow path means, through the treatment
instrument and out an orifice in the flared end. As the fluid flows
through the orifice it is atomized. When the transducer is
energized it develops ultrasonic mechanical vibrations in the
treatment instrument which are applied to the region of a patient
under treatment by the instrument. The ultrasonic vibrations also
develop cavitation in the atomized fluid.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other features and advantages of the insert will be better
understood as described in the following specification and appended
claims, in conjunction with the following drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the insert;
FIG. 2 is a partial section view of the insert inserted in a
handle.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 the present invention comprises a
plurality of magnetostrictive plates or reeds 1 connected at one
end of a joining stem 2, the other end of which is connected to a
treatment instrument 3. A hollow case or sleeve 4 extends over the
end of the joining stem 2 at which the magnetostrictive reeds 1 are
connected. An orifice 8 is one of a plurality of orifices through
the side of the hollow case 4 in the region of the end where the
magnetostrictive reeds 1 are connected. The hollow case 4 is
juxtaposed a hollow body 5, through which the joining stem 2
extends, with an exit channel 10 on its side. An instrument holder
2a is fixed to an opposite end of the joining stem 2 from the
magnetostrictive reeds 1.
The instrument 3 is fixed to the instrument holder 2a by means not
shown. Although the instrument 3 is rigidly fixed to the instrument
holder 2a so as to render it coactive therewith, the means fixing
the instrument 3 thereto allow the instrument 3 to be removed and
to be laterally shifted parallel to the axis of the joining rod 2.
A flexible tubing 11 extends from the exit channel 10 of the body 5
to an end of the instrument 3a adjacent the instrument holder
2a.
The insert is illustrated in FIG. 2 inserted into a handle 6. The
hollow case 4 carries a toroidal member or O-ring 4a which supports
the handle 6 and insures a tight fit between the insert and the
handle 6. The insert is inserted into the handle 6 so as to block
the opening 6a. The toroidal member 4a establishes one end of an
interior zone 13 in the hollow handle 6.
A fluid channel 7 is attached to an opening in an end of the hollow
handle 6 opposite the magnetostrictive reeds 1. The fluid channel 7
contains wires carrying electric power to a solenoid not shown in
the figures, surrounding the magnetostrictive reeds 1. The electric
power delivered to the solenoid is time varying at an ultrasonic
frequency, and develops an alternating magnetic field in the
solenoid alternating at the same frequency as the electric power.
This alternating magnetic field causes the magnetostrictive reeds 1
to vibrate at ultrasonic frequencies. These ultrasonic mechanical
vibrations propagate through the joining stem 2 to the treatment
instrument 3 which then vibrates at ultrasonic frequencies.
An important feature of this invention is the treatment instrument
3 which is formed like a slender needle, hollow along its
longitudinal axis. At one end of the instrument 3 its body flares
out into a bulge 12 in which an orifice 12a establishes a
communication between the interior of the needle and the exterior.
When used for the disintegration of kidney stones the instrument 3
may be in the form of a needle with a diameter of approximately 0.8
millimeters and approximately eight to 10 centimeters long.
The operation of the invention can best be understood by following
a description of the fluid flow path through the instrument. The
fluid is supplied by a reservoir to a pump, not shown, which pumps
the fluid through the fluid channel 7 in a direction indicated by
the arrow 14. The fluid flows into the handle 6 in a direction
indicated by arrow 15, envelops the magnetostrictive reeds 1, and
fills the interior zone 13 of the handle 6. The orifice 8 provides
a flow path for the fluid through the hollow case 4 into the
interior chamber 9 of the body 5, and through the exit channel 10
of the body 5. The flexible tubing 11 provides a flow path from the
exit channel 10 into the treatment instrument 3. The fluid flows
through the hollow in the instrument 3 and out the orifice 12a in
the direction of the arrow 16. Because the instrument 3 is provided
with a bulge 12 the fluid is atomized as it passes through the
orifice 12a.
Thus in the embodiment of the invention cooling of the insert is
realized by immersing it in a flow of fluid, cavitation is
developed in the fluid when it is applied to the region of the
patient under treatment, active fluids can be applied directly to
the region under treatment, and the treatment instrument is
constructed to allow it access to heretofore inaccessible regions.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the
embodiment described herein but that alternate embodiments may
include variations from the embodiment disclosed herein and still
be within the scope of the invention. For instance one variation
would include several orifices 8 in the case 4 and several orifices
12a in the bulge 12. According to another variation, the treatment
instrument 3 is not parallel to the joining stem 2 but is fixed
with its longitudinal axis making some angle with the longitudinal
axis of the stem 2.
One embodiment of the invention found to be effective was
constructed using magneto-strictive reeds 1 approximately twenty
six hundredths of a millimeter thick, 90 millimeters long and 4 and
7500 millimeters wide and made of nickel. The needle 3 and the
joining stem 2 were both made of an unoxidizable metal "INOX 18.08"
(French Trade Mark). The diameter of the bulge 12 was 1 millimeter,
the internal diameter of the needle 3 equaled the internal diameter
of the bulge 12 and the orifice 12a in the bulge 12 was circular.
An electric current having a frequency on the order of 25 kilohertz
was used to energize the solenoid.
* * * * *