U.S. patent number 3,874,115 [Application Number 05/441,034] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-01 for nonspill flexible package for shipping and storing cut flowers or the like.
Invention is credited to Herbert S. London, William Jackson Seay.
United States Patent |
3,874,115 |
London , et al. |
April 1, 1975 |
NONSPILL FLEXIBLE PACKAGE FOR SHIPPING AND STORING CUT FLOWERS OR
THE LIKE
Abstract
A system for receiving and shipping out flowers or the like in a
spill-resistant container including a quantity of liquid. The
system includes a bag having an open end folding inwardly of the
bag. The open end of the bag is maintained in spaced-apart relation
with the surrounding side walls of the bag, and stems of cut
flowers or the like can be inserted through the open end to be
received within the bag. A quantity of water or other liquid is
added to the bag to preserve the flowers. Although the bag and
flowers are normally stored in an upright position, the
spaced-apart position of the open end relative to the side of the
bag prevents liquid spillage if the bag becomes upset or
overturned. The system also includes a container box for receiving
and shipping a number of flower-containing bags. The box is
convertible to display the flower-containing bags.
Inventors: |
London; Herbert S. (Atlanta,
GA), Seay; William Jackson (Atlanta, GA) |
Family
ID: |
23751227 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/441,034 |
Filed: |
February 11, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
47/41.11;
47/41.01; 206/423; 220/719 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
85/505 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
85/50 (20060101); B65d 037/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/275,295 ;220/90.4
;150/.5,1,DIG.1,44,48 ;47/41,41.11,34.11 ;43/55
;4/110,112,283,177 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Bagwill; Robert E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Jones, Thomas & Askew
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. Flexible package for receiving cut flowers or the like,
comprising:
an elongate bag made of a pliant, liquid-impermeable material;
said elongate bag having sides of substantially a flat
configuration extending from a closed bottom end to a top end which
is open to admit the stems of a bunch of cut flowers or the
like;
an inflatable member secured within said elongate bag in annular
surrounding relation with said open top end;
said inflatable member extending within said elongate bag along
substantially less than the entire elongate length of said bag so
that space remains between said inflatable member and said closed
bottom end to receive the cut ends of flower stems and also to
receive and retain a quantity of liquid;
said inflatable member when uninflated leaving said open top end
substantially unobstructed to the entry of such flower stems or the
like;
said inflatable member, when expanded by inflation, snugly
surrounding and engaging such flower stems or the like which are
extending through said open top end there being an area between the
outer surface of said inflatable member and the bag portion
adjacent thereto for water passage therebetween when said package
is upended; and
means in fluid flow communication with said inflatable member to
admit pressurized fluid to said inflatable member.
2. The package as in claim 1, wherein said means for admitting
fluid to said inflatable member extends to a location outside of
said bag.
3. The package as in claim 1, wherein:
said inflatable member comprises an inflatable cuff secured within
said bag and having a first end disposed at and attached to said
open top end of said bag and a second end in spaced apart relation
to said open top end; and
means providing a liquid impervious connection joining said first
end of said cuff to said open top end of said bag, so that the
space within said bag between the inflated cuff and the portions of
said bag sides contiguous to said cuff provides a reservoir volume
to receive liquid which is normally at said closed bottom end of
said bag unless said bag is upended.
4. The package as in claim 1, wherein:
said inflatable member, when expanded by inflation, is extended
into contact with said flat sides of said bag adjacent said open
top end to maintain said bag sides in mutual spaced apart relation;
and
said open top end being maintained by said expanded inflatable
member at a position intermediate of said mutually spaced apart
flat sides, so that said open end may be maintained above the
surface of the liquid when said bag is disposed in a proximately
horizontal position.
Description
This invention relates in general to the storage and shipment of
perishable commodities such as flowers, and in particular to a
container for cut flowers or the like, as well as a box for such
containers.
The shipment of plants such as cut flowers and the like presents
numerous difficulties arising from the need to maintain and
preserve the freshness and general overall appearance of the
flowers during shipment. Although some varieties of flowers can be
shipped "dry," that is, without providing a supply of water for the
flowers, many varieties of cut flowers simply cannot withstand
withdrawal from water for any substantial extent of time without
becoming wilted and generally unattractive in appearance. Flowers
that cannot withstand dry shipment may be available in many
locations only during the growing season for the particular type of
flower, since the flowers cannot be economically and satisfactorily
shipped substantial distances from locations which have an
extensive growing season.
Various types of plant shipping containers have been proposed in
the prior art, including containers which attempt to maintain cut
flowers in a moist environment. Such prior-art expedients include
the provision of a flower-receiving box which is made "water-proof"
by coating or impregnation with a suitable water-impervious
material. Such containers are waterproof, however, only while
remaining in a normal upright position; the water immediately
escapes from a box which becomes overturned or upset, conditions
which are likely to occur during movement and handling during
shipment of the flowers. Another prior-art expedient suggested for
the preservable shipment of cut flowers requires a moisture
retaining element such as a spongy or cellular material which is
impregnated with water or another preservative liquid. The
water-retaining material is positioned adjacent or in surrounding
relation with the stems of the cut flowers, and is received within
a suitable waterproof container. Such containers are nevertheless
not truly spillproof, since an overturned or upset container still
permits water to flow from the cellular material and escape from
the container.
Prior-art attempts to provide a suitable shipping container which
preserves cut flowers have, accordingly, not been truly spillproof
under conditions incurred in shipment and handling. Many such
containers have the additional disadvantage of being prohibitively
expensive for large-volume utilization, since the cost of the
flower-shipping container may reach or even exceed the cost of the
flowers to be shipped therein.
It will be apparent that a commercially successful container for
shipping and preserving cut flowers must not only maintain the
flower stems in a moist environment without allowing liquid to
escape if the container is upset or overturned, but must also be
inexpensive to manufacture and easy to use.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide
improved container apparatus for flowers.
It is another object of the present invention to provide nonspill
container apparatus for maintaining cut flowers or the like in
liquid.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a
flower shipping system which allows wet shipment of flowers and
which is sufficiently inexpensive for commercial utilization.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a
flower shipping system which provides wet shipment of flowers and
which also provides a display for the flowers.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become
readily apparent from the following description of the disclosed
illustrative embodiment thereof, including the drawings in
which:
FIG. 1 is a pictorial view showing an example of a flower container
apparatus according to a disclosed embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 2 is a section view taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1, showing
the container apparatus to be upset and lying on one side;
FIG. 3 is a section view taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 1, also
showing the container upset and lying on a side;
FIG. 4 is a partially broken-away pictorial view of an example of a
box for shipping and displaying flower containers or the like,
according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partially broken-away pictorial view of the box shown
in FIG. 4, with the box configured for display; and
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the box in FIGS. 4 and 5.
Stated in general terms, the present invention comprises a
container in the nature of a bag having a closed end and an open
end re-entering the bag to face generally toward the closed end.
The inwardly directed open end of the bag is maintained in
spaced-apart relation to at least a portion of the contiguous bag
walls which surround the open end. The stems of a quantity of cut
flowers may be inserted through the open end to be received within
the bag, and a quantity of water or another liquid can be added to
the bag for preserving or maintaining the freshness of the flowers.
So long as the quantity of liquid added to the bag does not exceed
a certain predetermined amount, the spaced-apart relation of the
open end with respect to the sides of the bag prevents liquid from
escaping through the open end of a bag which is overturned or
upset. A number of the flower-receiving bags can be received in a
box for shipping in a compact arrangement. The box can be
reconfigured for display of the flower-receiving bags.
Stated more particularly and with reference to a disclosed
embodiment of flower container apparatus illustrating the present
invention, there is seen in FIG. 1 a nonspill container indicated
generally at 10 and including a bag 11 having a closed end 12 and
an open end 13 which is folded into the bag to face toward the
closed end. The bag 11 is preferably flexible or pliant in nature,
and may be made of any suitable flexible and liquid-impermeable
material such as vinyl plastic, waterproof paper, or the like. The
use of a flexible material made of a suitable plastic which can be
heat-sealed is particularly useful to the inexpensive fabrication
of the bag, and the use of a transparent or translucent material
permits the liquid contents of the bag to be readily ascertained.
The bag 11 may be fabricated from separate sheets of material 19a
and 19b which are heat-sealed along the closed end 12 and the two
edges 14 and 15, with the sheets of material being folded along
fold lines 16a and 16b to turn into and re-enter the bag and return
on the interior portions 17 and 18 (FIG. 2) to terminate at the
spacing structure 22 surrounding the open end 13.
The spacing structure 22 at the inwardly-facing open end 13 of the
bag must maintain the open end of the bag in spaced-apart relation
with adjacent surrounding portions of the material 19a and 19b
which define the adjacent surrounding portions of the bag, for a
purpose discussed below. The disclosed embodiment of the spacing
structure 22 is provided by an inflatable cuff which is disposed
within the bag and which completely surrounds the open end 13 of
the bag. The inflatable cuff is fabricated, in the disclosed
embodiment, with a first wall 23a conveniently formed by an
extension of the inwardly-folded interior portion 18, extending
back in a generally parallel relation with the inwardly-folded
interior portion 18, again folded as at 24 to terminate at a
location 25 which may be defined by heat-sealing onto the interior
portion 18. The first wall portion 23a is preferably formed of
sufficient width to wrap around the wall portion 17a and 18a
leading to the open end 13 to provide the second wall 23b, on the
upper side of the opening 13 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The second
wall 23b extends along the sheet 19a in a direction toward the fold
lines 16a and 16b, folds inwardly at 26 in a direction toward the
interior portion 17, and is attached to the first wall portion 23a
along the line 27. It can be seen that the inflatable cuff of the
disclosed embodiment is advantageously formed from a single
extension of wall portion 18a material long enough for folding
forwardly from the open end 13 for contact and sealing at the lines
25 and 27, and which has sufficient breadth to provide a cuff
structure which substantially entirely wraps around the two wall
portions 17a and 18a. The aforementioned construction of the cuff
advantageously enables the bag as thus far described to be
fabricated from no more than two pieces 19a and 19b of material. It
will be understood, however, that the cuff may be provided by
alternative modes of fabrication. For example, the cuff can be
separately fabricated and subsequently secured to the open end
13.
Attached to the spacing structure 22 provided by the inflatable
cuff is a tongue 28 which extends through an edge 15 of the bag to
terminate at an end 29 outside of the bag. The tongue 28 may
conveniently be fabricated by a pair of aligned plastic members
which are heat-sealed together around their peripheries. The tongue
28, however constructed, provides a fluid communication conduit
extending from the inflatable cuff through the edge 15 of the bag
to the end 29 of the tongue.
Considering the application and use of the invention as set forth
in the above-described embodiment, the bag 11 as described is
preferably manufactured with the cuff spacing structure 22 provided
in uninflated, or at least merely partially inflated,
configuration. The stems 3 of a quantity of cut flowers,
schematically represented by the lines 36 in FIG. 1, are readily
insertable into the bag 11 through the interior portions 17 and 18,
the wall portions 17a and 18a, and through the open end 13 to be
received adjacent the closed end 12 of the bag. A quantity of water
or another suitable liquid 37 may also be admitted to the bag in
the same manner, either before or after the cut flowers are
inserted. It will be seen that the funnel configuration defined by
the fold lines 16a and 16b readily permit liquid to be supplied
into the bag. The maximum quantity of liquid 26 in the bag is
critical for reasons set forth below.
After the liquid 37 and the flowers have been disposed in the bag,
the cuff is inflated by connecting the end 29 of the tongue 28 to a
suitable source of pressurized air. Any appropriate structure, such
as the hollow injection needle 38 fitted to an end of an air hose,
may be used to accomplish the necessary inflation. Once the cuff is
suitably inflated, the end 29 of the tongue 28 is suitably sealed
to maintain cuff inflation.
The bag 11, along with a contained quantity of cut flowers and the
liquid 37, is normally stored and shipped in approximately an
upright position, as depicted in FIG. 1, and a number of such bags
and associated flowers might conveniently be received in a suitable
receptacle, such as the box described below, having means which
conveniently hold the bags 11 in approximately upright position. If
a bag 11 should become overturned, however, the liquid 37 within
the bag will flow to occupy the position 37' as shown in FIG. 2.
The open end 13 of the bag is maintained by the spacing structure
22 in a spaced-apart relation above the surface of the liquid 37',
and so none of the liquid is able to enter the open end 13 and
escape from the bag. It will be apparent, as aforementioned, that
the maximum quantity of liquid 37 supplied to the bag must not
exceed that quantity, considering the overall configuration of the
bag and the lateral extent of the inflated cuff, which would place
the surface level of the liquid 37' above the open end 13 of the
bag while lying on its side as in FIG. 2.
If the bag 11 becomes completely upset to occupy an upside-down
position from the normal position shown in FIG. 1, the liquid 37 is
collected within the interior region 39 adjacent the fold lines 16a
and 16b of the bag; the open end 13 is spaced a sufficient distance
from the fold lines 16a, 16b to be above the level of liquid in a
completely overturned bag. It will be understood, accordingly, that
the liquid cannot escape from the bag 11 even though the bag
becomes upset or completely overturned. Once an overturned or upset
bag is righted to reassume the upright position, the liquid 37
returns to the normal position surrounding the ends 36 of the
flower stems. The liquid in the bags thus cannot escape and cause
damage to other cargo being shipped with the flowers, unless the
bag 11 is subjected to forces which utterly destroy the bag.
Although the flower container of the present invention is described
above in the context of an inflatable cuff which maintains the open
end of the container in spaced-apart relation from possible liquid
levels within the container, it will be appreciated that the
inflatable cuff is but one possible arrangement of structure which
maintains the open end of the bag in a spaced-apart relation so as
not to be immersed when the bag is overturned or inverted. An
alternative construction of the present container invention, for
example, can utilize a rigid spacing element substituted for the
inflatable cuff, with the rigid spacing element including an
annular sleeve attached to the open end of the bag and further
having stiff spacing members extending in a generally radial
direction outwardly from the sleeve to maintain the necessary
spacing between the open end of the bag and the liquid level in a
turned-over bag. Other techniques and structures for maintaining
desired spacing of the re-entrant open end 13 and surrounding
portions of the bag will suggest themselves to those skilled in the
art.
Although wet flower containers of the type made according to the
present invention can be shipped in any container or box of
appropriate size and configuration to maintain the containers in a
normal upright position, and to afford protection to the flower
portions emerging from the containers, the flower-receiving bags of
the present invention can be advantageously shipped and
subsequently displayed in a box constructed according to the
teachings of the present invention. A disclosed embodiment of such
a box is shown in FIG. 4-6, wherein the box is indicated generally
at 60 and includes an outer box 61 which is preferably selectively
separable into a main box portion 62 and a cover box portion 63 by
manipulating a suitable parting device such as a conventional
tear-tape 64 disposed around the periphery of the outer box 61 at a
predetermined distance above the bottom 65 of the outer box.
Disposed within the outer box 61 is an inner box comprising four
walls 66a, 66b, 66c, 66d interconnected to form a sheath designated
as 67. The overall dimensions of the sheath 67 are slightly smaller
than the overall inner dimensions of the main box portion 62, so
that the sheath 67 is loosely received within the main box portion
to be raised or lowered therein. Each of the walls 66a-66d are
preferably slightly higher than the top of the main box portion 62
as defined by the location of the tear-tape 64.
The inner box has a false bottom 70 which, in the disclosed
embodiment, is entirely severed from the four walls 66a-66d
defining the sheath 67. A pair of cords 71 and 72 extend in
spaced-apart relation to each other, beneath the false bottom 70,
with the cords resting on the inner surface of the main bottom 65
of the outer box. The cords extend upwardly between the walls 66a
and 66c, and the confronting walls of the outer box 61, to
terminate at enlargements X which may be conveniently provided by
knots in the cords. It is preferable that the box 60, in the
shipping configuration depicted in FIG. 4, present a substantially
flat inner floor for receiving the above-described flower shipping
bags, and so the cords 71 and 72 may be untensioned to allow the
false bottom 70 to rest on the main bottom 65, with the cords 71
and 72 interposed between bottoms. The ends of the cords pass
through retainers such as the slots S in the upper edges of the
sheath.
The overall dimensions of the false bottom 70 are preferably
somewhat less than the corresponding dimensions of the sheath 67.
The false bottom 70 has cut-away relief portions 73a, 73b, 73c, 73d
extending approximately diagonally from each corner of the false
bottom to terminate at a distance spaced inwardly of the corner. It
can be seen in FIG. 6 that these cut-away relief portions define
flaps 74a, 74b, 74c, and 74d, walls 66a and 66c, and are retained
therein by the enlargements X; the line of joinder of each such
flap to the center portion of the false bottom 70 are preferably
scored or otherwise weakened so that the flaps are readily bendable
with respect to the center portion of the false bottom.
The use and operation of the box 60 is now described. With the box
in the shipping configuration as depicted in FIG. 4, presenting a
substantially flat false bottom 70, a number of containers 10 (or,
in the alternative, any other package which may be desired to be
disposed within the box) are positioned in a generally upright
arrangement across one dimension of the box. The containers 10 are
maintained in a row by a divider 75, which may simply be a stick
having pointed ends that are embedded within the walls 65a and 65c.
It will be apparent that two or more rows of packages 10 can be
disposed within the box 60, depending on the size of the box, with
each row of packages separated and maintained upright with a
corresponding divider. The cover box 63, which is at this time
attached to the main box 62, is then closed and sealed in a
conventional manner, and the box 60 is ready for shipment. Although
the exterior of the box 60 is preferably marked with shipping
legends such as "this end up" or the like, indicating that the box
should be maintained in an upright position as shown in FIGS. 4 and
5, the use of nonspill containers as described hereinabove prevent
leakage of water and consequential weakening or destruction of the
box if overturn or upset should occur.
When the box 60 has arrived at a destination where it is desired to
display or remove the flowers shipped therein, the cover box 63 is
separated from the main box 62, by way of the tear tape 64. The
exposed sheath 67 is now grasped and lifted upwardly, relative to
the main box 62, causing the cords 71 and 72 to engage the flaps
74a-74d formed in the false bottom 70. Referring now to FIG. 5, it
is seen that elevating the sheath 66 causes the cords 71 and 72 to
elevate the flaps 74a-74d of the false bottom to a position pivoted
upwardly from the main bottom 65; this upwardly pivoted arrangement
of the flaps causes the bottom ends of the several containers 10 to
be urged inwardly toward the center of the false bottom, and this
inward movement provides a corresponding outward movement of the
flowers received in the containers 10. The enlargements X retain
the cords 71 and 72 in the slits S during the step of elevating the
sheath 67 to raise the false bottom flaps. After the flaps of the
false bottom have been raised by a desired amount, the cord ends
are withdrawn from the slits S in the sheath sides and are instead
disposed in slits S' located in the corresponding sides of the main
box 62. It can be seen in FIG. 5 that the ends of the cord 71 and
72 are provided with additional enlargements Y, which may also
advantageously be provided by knots in the cords, spaced inwardly
from the first-mentioned obstructions X; the obstructions Y
function to retain the cords in the slits S', so that the sheath 67
can be released and lowered back into the main box 62 while the
false bottom 70 remains suspended in elevated position by the cords
71 and 72.
It can be seen from the foregoing that there is described a box
which is especially useful for shipping and for displaying flower
containers such as described hereinabove. The nonspill flower
container and the box of the present invention enable flowers to be
shipped from a grower directly to a retail outlet, such as a
supermarket or similar retail consumer location, whereupon the box
is readily converted to a visually appealing display configuration
simply by removing the cover box portion and elevating the false
bottom to fan out the containerized flowers. A purchaser can easily
select and remove one or several containers of flowers, with the
container also functioning as a carrier until the flowers are
removed for use.
It will be understood that the foregoing relates only to disclosed
embodiments of the present invention, and that numerous alterations
and modifications may be made therein without departing from the
spirit or the scope of the invention as set forth in the following
claims.
* * * * *