U.S. patent number 3,870,185 [Application Number 05/410,374] was granted by the patent office on 1975-03-11 for collapsible container.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Pinckney Molded Plastics, Inc.. Invention is credited to Elsmer W. Kreeger, Ellsworth E. Sanders.
United States Patent |
3,870,185 |
Sanders , et al. |
March 11, 1975 |
Collapsible container
Abstract
A collapsible container having a base or bottom wall and having
an open border frame defining the top. Foldable side walls are
hinged to the base and to the border frame, and end walls are
hinged to the border frame only. When the container is collapsed,
the side walls fold inwardly and the end walls swing up and inward
into the plane of the border frame.
Inventors: |
Sanders; Ellsworth E. (Sanibel
Island, FL), Kreeger; Elsmer W. (Pontiac, MI) |
Assignee: |
Pinckney Molded Plastics, Inc.
(Pinckney, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
26947561 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/410,374 |
Filed: |
October 29, 1973 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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259844 |
Jun 5, 1972 |
3796342 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
220/6;
220/1.5 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
11/1826 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65d 007/24 () |
Field of
Search: |
;220/6,7,1.5 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Price; William I.
Assistant Examiner: Pollard; Steven M.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Whittemore, Hulbert &
Belknap
Parent Case Text
REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of our copending
application Ser. No. 259,844 filed June 5, 1972, now U.S. Pat. No.
3,796,342. A similar although specifically different container was
disclosed in the application of Ellsworth E. Sanders, Ser. No.
422,931, filed Jan. 4, 1965, and now abandoned.
Claims
What we claim as our invention is:
1. A plastic collapsible container comprising a rectangular bottom
wall, two opposed vertical side walls, two opposed vertical end
walls, a top rectangular border frame defining the top of the
container, said side walls each having upper and lower wall
sections, said border frame, upper and lower side wall sections,
said end walls and said bottom wall being separately formed, means
providing snap hinge connections between the adjacent edges of said
upper and lower wall sections, means providing snap hinge
connections between the upper edges of said upper wall sections and
said border frame and means providing snap hinge connections
between the lower edges of said lower wall sections and said bottom
wall to permit inward folding of said side walls when said
container is collapsed, and means providing snap hinge connections
between the upper edges of said end walls and said border frame to
permit inward swinging of said end walls to a substantially
horizontal position when said container is collapsed.
2. The container defined in claim 1, wherein each hinge connection
comprises a hinge knuckle in the form of an elongated open ended
tubular member of generally cylindrical form but longitudinally
slotted from end to end, the inner surface of said tubular member
being cylindrical and more than 180.degree. in arcuate extent from
one edge of the slot to the other, and a hinge pin of a diameter
greater than the width of said slot received in said hinge knuckle
and being insertable laterally therein through said slot, said
tubular member being formed of a sufficiently flexible plastic to
yield when said pin is inserted therein as aforesaid.
3. A plastic collapsible container comprising a rectangular bottom
wall, two opposed vertical side walls, two opposed vertical end
walls, a top rectangular border frame defining the top of the
container, said side walls each having upper and lower wall
sections, said border frame, said upper and lower side wall
sections, said end walls and said bottom wall being separately
formed, means providing hinge connections between the adjacent
edges of said upper and lower wall sections, means providing hinge
connections between the upper edges of said upper wall sections and
said border frame and means providing hinge connections between the
lower edges of said lower wall sections and said bottom wall to
permit inward folding of said side walls when said container is
collapsed, and means providing hinge connections between the upper
edges of said end walls and said border frame to permit inward
swinging of said end walls to a substantially horizontal position
when said container is collapsed, said border frame being of
inverted U shape in cross section having inner and outer flanges
connected at the top by a web, said means providing said hinge
connections between said border frame and each end wall and between
said border frame and said upper edge of each upper side wall
section comprising an elongated locking bar, an elongated slot in
the web of said border frame, said locking bar having along its
upper edge a locking part of generally T-shape consisting of an
upstanding rib of no greater length than said slot and a head at
the top of greater width than said slot, the rib of said locking
part projecting into said slot with said head overlying said slot
to prevent withdrawal of said locking bar, said locking part being
insertable into said slot by being pressed upwardly between the
flanges of said border frame, said border frame being of
sufficiently flexible plastic material to admit said locking part
into said slot during assembly and to snap into locked relationship
therewith after assembly.
4. The container defined in claim 3, wherein said rib and slot are
of greater length than said head so that said slot may have
sufficient flexibility to clear said head during insertion of said
locking part as aforesaid.
5. The container defined in claim 3, wherein each hinge connection
comprises a hinge knuckle in the form of an elongated open ended
tubular member of generally cylindrical form but longitudinally
slotted from end to end, the inner surface of said tubular member
being more than 180.degree. in arcuate extent from one edge of the
slot to the other, and a hinge pin of a diameter greater than the
width of said slot received in said hinge knuckle and being
insertable laterally therein through said slot, said tubular member
being formed of a sufficiently flexible plastic to yield when said
pin is inserted therein as aforesaid.
6. The container defined in claim 5, including pilot means for
guiding said pin through said slot during insertion thereof into
said hinge knuckle.
7. A plastic collapsible container comprising a rectangular bottom
wall, two opposed vertical side walls, two opposed vertical end
walls, a top rectangular border frame defining the top of the
container, said side walls each having upper and lower wall
sections, means providing hinge connections between the adjacent
edges of said upper and lower wall sections, means providing hinge
connections between the upper edges of said upper wall sections and
said border frame and means providing hinge connections between the
lower edges of said lower wall sections and said bottom wall to
permit inward folding of said side walls when said container is
collapsed, and means providing hinge connections between the upper
edges of said end walls and said border frame to permit inward
swinging of said end walls to a substantially horizontal position
when said container is collapsed, one of said hinge connections
comprising a hinge knuckle in the form of an elongated open ended
tubular member of generally cylindrical form but longitudinally
slotted from end to end, the inner surface of said tubular member
being cylindrical and more than 180.degree. in arcuate extent from
one edge of the slot to the other, and a hinge pin of a diameter
greater than the width of said slot received in said hinge knuckle
and being insertable laterally therein through said slot, said
tubular member being formed of a sufficiently flexible plastic to
yield when said pin is inserted therein as aforesaid.
8. A plastic collapsible container comprising a rectangular bottom
wall, two opposed vertical side walls, two opposed vertical end
walls, a top rectangular border frame defining the top of the
container, said side walls each having upper and lower wall
sections, means providing hinge connections between the adjacent
edges of said upper and lower wall sections, means providing hinge
connections between the upper edges of said upper wall sections and
said border frame and means providing hinge connections between the
lower edges of said lower wall sections and said bottom wall to
permit inward folding of said side walls when said container is
collapsed, and means providing hinge connections between the upper
edges of said end walls and said border frame to permit inward
swinging of said end walls to a substantially horizontal position
when said container is collapsed, said border frame being of
inverted U shape in cross section having inner and outer flanges
connected at the top by a web, said means providing said hinge
connection between said border frame and at least one of said end
walls and upper side wall sections comprising an elongated locking
bar, an elongated slot in the web of said border frame, said
locking bar having along its upper edge a locking part of generally
T shape consisting of an upstanding rib of no greater length than
said slot and a head at the top of greater width than said slot,
the rib of said locking part projecting into said slot with said
head overlying said slot to prevent withdrawal of said locking bar,
said locking part being insertable into said slot by being pressed
upwardly between the flanges of said border frame, said border
frame being of sufficiently flexible plastic material to admit said
locking part into said slot during assembly and to snap into locked
relationship therewith after assembly.
Description
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The container of this invention may be made of any suitable
material, preferably plastic. When upright, the walls of the
container are vertical and provide a maximum of interior space for
packing. When collapsed, the container is reduced to a fraction of
its normal height so that it takes up very little space. The
container also has the advantage when collapsed of stacking with
other collapsed containers.
The container is molded in separate parts, one part consisting of
the base or bottom wall. The side walls each consists of two
separately molded parts. The top border frame of the container
comprises another part to which the side walls are connected by
locking bars which comprise additional parts of the assembly. Each
end wall is a separately molded part. The various separately molded
parts of the container readily snap together in a permanent
assembly. The novel snap connections joining the parts constitute
important features of the invention.
Other objects and features of the invention will become apparent as
the description proceeds, especially when taken in conjunction with
the accompanying drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of
the invention wherein:
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a container embodying our
invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view with parts in section of a
portion of FIG. 1 taken on the line 2--2 in FIG. 7.
FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the container shown in FIG.
1.
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view with parts in section of a
portion of the base.
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view of the container in
collapsed position, the phantom lines illustrating a second
container in stacked relation thereon.
FIG. 6 is an end elevational view of the container with parks in
section and parts broken away.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged side elevational view of one end portion of
the container with parts in section.
FIG. 8 is an exploded view in perspective with parts in section
showing a portion of a side rail of the border frame and a portion
of one of the locking bars.
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary perspective view partly in section showing
an upper portion of one of the side wall parts.
FIG. 10 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 10--10 in
FIG. 3.
FIG. 11 is similar to FIG. 10 but shows the container collapsed,
and in phantom lines shows the container partially collapsed.
FIG. 12 is a fragmentary detail view of a portion of a locking
bar.
FIG. 13 is a fragmentary detail view of a portion of a side rail of
the border frame.
Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the container is
shown as being an open top container, although it may be provided
with a top or lid, if desired. The container is generally
designated 10 and, as indicated above, may be collapsed from its
normal position of use shown in FIGS. 3, 6, 7 and 10 to a flat
compact position shown in FIGS. 5 and 11. FIG. 11 illustrates the
container in an intermediate stage between fully erect and
collapsed positions in phantom lines. The container when erect or
upright may be used to carry any desired material although it is
particularly designed as a container for egg cartons. The container
may be made of any suitable material preferably plastic, such for
example as molded polyethylene or polypropylene. Such materials are
strong yet sufficiently flexible to permit the snap connections
described hereinafter. The container consists of separately molded
or formed parts which are readily joined together by snap
connections but which when put together provide a virtually
permanent assembly. It is not intended that the container should be
taken apart once assembled. The container can of course be
disassembled although with some difficulty and usually with the aid
of a tool suitable for the purpose.
The container parts include a base or bottom wall 12, a top open
border frame 15, two separately molded end walls 16, two side walls
18 each composed of separately molded sections or parts 17 and 19,
and separately molded side and end locking bars 21 and 23 for
connecting the side and end walls to the border frame 15. These
separately formed parts are secured together by snap connections
hereinafter more fully described to form a permanent assembly which
should never need to be disassembled and which in fact can be
disassembled only with considerable effort.
The base or bottom wall 12 as stated is preferably separately
formed of molded plastic and in the preferred embodiment is made
rectangular in form having the upturned generally vertical
peripheral wall 22. Substantially the entire surface of the base
within the peripheral wall, with the exception of a peripheral
horizontal ledge 24 joined to the peripheral wall, is preferably of
an open grid construction to facilitate cleaning and generally for
sanitary purposes as well as to reduce weight. A plurality of
longitudinally spaced horizontal hinge pins 26 which extend
lengthwise of the container are mounted on the ledge 24 of the base
12 along each side of the container in aligned relation to each
other, being mounted on the ledge 24 by the legs 28. Such pins 26
and legs 28 are integrally molded with the base. These hinge pins
26 are parts of the snap connections employed to join the side
walls to the base as will become apparent from the following
description. The base has integrally molded legs 30 extending
downward from the four corners of the open grid portion of the base
to support the container.
The top open border frame 15 of the container is a separately
molded part as previously stated. It is rectangular in form and is
composed of the side rails 32 and end rails 34 integrally connected
end to end.
The side rails of the top border frame 15 are of the cross section
or configuration shown in FIG. 13. They are generally of inverted
U-shape having the vertical inner flange 36, the outer flange 38
consisting of the vertical lower portion 40 and the upwardly and
inwardly inclined upper portion 42 which is joined to the upper
edge of the inner flange 36 by the horizontal top or web portion
44. This top or web portion has a plurality of longitudinally
spaced elongated rectangular slots 46 which extend lengthwise of
the side rails. Such top or web portions 44 are also relieved or
cut down where indicated at 48 across each such slot 46 between the
ends thereof. An integral rib 49 extends across the rail from
flange 36 to flange portion 42 to strengthen the structure.
The end rails 34 of the top open border frame 15 are of the same
cross section or configuration as the side rails except for the
fact that the vertical portions 40 of the outer flanges are of
somewhat less vertical height. Accordingly, the corresponding parts
of the end and side rails have been given the same numbers. The end
rails will also be seen having a plurality of longitudinally spaced
elongated rectangular slots 46 in the top or web portion 44
extending lengthwise of the rails and of identical configuration
with the slots 46 in the side rails. Such top or web portions 44 of
the end rails are also relieved or cut down where indicated at 48
across the slots between the ends thereof in the same manner as the
side rails.
The separately molded upper parts or sections 17 of the side walls
are of identical construction. Each is preferably rectangular and
of open grid form as illustrated. The upper side wall parts 17 each
has a horizontal frame bar 50 along its upper edge cut out where
indicated at 52 at spaced points along its length to accommodate a
horizontal hinge pin 54 in each such cutout portion. Such hinge
pins 54 are molded integrally with the upper side parts 17 and are
aligned with one another.
Each side wall part 17 also has a horizontal bottom rail 56 to
which are integrally molded a plurality of aligned horizontally
disposed hinge knuckles 58. As seen in FIGS. 7, 10 and 11 each
hinge knuckle 58 is an open-ended tubular member of generally
cylindrical form but longitudinally slotted at 59 from end to end.
The cylindrical inner surface wall 60 of the hinge knuckle from one
edge of the slot to the other is slightly greater than 180.degree.
in extent. This circular inner surface 60 receives a hinge pin on
the lower part of the lower side wall part 19 whose diameter is the
same as that of inner surface 60 but greater than the width of slot
59 as more fully described hereinafter. The bottom surface 62 of
the rail 56 and the opposed upper surface 64 of the lip 66 of the
hinge knuckle 58 diverge to provide a flaring entrance to pilot the
hinge pin when pressed into the hinge knuckle. This entrance or
pilot is wider than pin 54 at its outer end and narrower than pin
54 at its inner end where it merges into the slot 59. The plastic
material of which the hinge knuckle is molded is sufficiently
flexible to permit the hinge pin to enter when forced with
sufficient pressure.
The bottom parts 19 of the side wall 18 are identical and like the
upper parts are of generally rectangular form. Each has an upper
rail 70 which is recessed where indicated at 72 at spaced points
along its length to accommodate aligned horizontal hinge pins 74.
Each such hinge pin is integrally molded and registers with a hinge
knuckle 58 of the upper molded side part 17. Such hinge pins 74
have a diameter the same as the inner surface 60 of the hinge
knuckles but greater than the width of slots 59 and are snapped
into hinged relationship therewith as seen in FIGS. 7, 10, and 11
by a lateral movement through the slots.
The lower rail 80 of the bottom part 19 of each side wall is formed
with a recess 82 to receive or clear one of the hinge pins 26 along
a side of the base, and in such recessed portions 82 the lower side
wall 19 has integrally molded aligned horizontal hinge knuckles 86
each of which is an open-ended tubular member of generally
cylindrical form but longitudinally slotted at 87 from end to end.
The cylindrical inner surface 88 of the hinge knuckle from one edge
of the slot to the other is slightly greater than 180.degree. in
extent. As shown in FIG. 10, leading into the slotted side is a
flaring entry way defined by the walls 92 and 94 which is wider at
its outer end but narrower at its inner end where it merges with
slot 87 than hinge pins 26 to permit the hinge pins 26 to be forced
laterally through slots 87 into the hinge knuckles under pressure
in the relationship shown in FIGS. 7, 10 and 11. The plastic flexes
enough to permit this. Such hinge pins 26 have a diameter the same
as the inner surface 88 of the knuckles but greater than the width
of slots 87.
Each side locking bar 21 comprises an elongated molded flat strip
which has at spaced points along its length a plurality of aligned
horizontal hinge knuckles 100 as seen in FIGS. 7, 10, 11 and 12.
Such knuckles 100 are like knuckles 86, being an open-ended tubular
member of generally cylindrical form but longitudinally slotted at
101 from end to end. The cylindrical inner surface 102 is of the
same diameter as the hinge pins 54 along the tops of the upper side
wall parts 17 but the hinge pin diameter is greater than the width
of the slots 101. Such inner surfaces 102 are of slightly greater
than 180.degree. in extent and the flaring surfaces 104 leading
into the slotted side provide a guide or pilot for the entry of the
hinge pins 54 when forced laterally under pressure through the
slots into the hinge knuckles.
Each locking bar also has on its upper edge a plurality of spaced
integrally molded elongated ribs 110 which are of the same length
and width and spaced apart the same distance as the slots 46 in the
side rails 21 of the open top border frame 15. Each rib 110 has
molded intermediate its length a T-shaped head portion 112 formed
with laterally outwardly projecting extensions 114. The head
portion 112 is of the same length as the recessed portions 48
extending across the slots 46 in the side rails. To assemble the
locking bars with the side rails, they are forced up between the
side flanges of the side rails so that the ribs 110 enter the slots
46 and the extensions 114 of head portion 112 overlie the recessed
portions 48. There is sufficient flexibility in the flanges of the
side walls to allow them to spread and clear the head as it is
forced up into position, after which the flanges snap back to their
unstressed condition to lock the parts together. The locking bars
21 also are notched as at 111 to clear the ribs 49 of the side
rails.
The end locking bars 23 are of the same form and construction as
the side locking bars having the ribs 110, head portions 112 and
hinge knuckles 100 as shown in FIG. 12. They are, of course,
shorter than the side locking bars. End locking bars 23 snap into
the end rails 34 of the top border frame 15 in the same manner as
the side locking bars 21 snap into the side rails.
Each end wall 16 has a top rail 120 provided with longitudinally
spaced recessed portions 122 in which are disposed integrally
molded horizontal, aligned hinge pins 124. The hinge pins 124 are
positioned to register with the hinge knuckles 100 on the end
locking bars and are of the same diameter as the inside of the
hinge knuckles, such diameter being greater however than the width
of the slots leading to the knuckles. The pins are snapped
laterally through the slots into the knuckles in the same manner as
the hinge pins on the top side wall parts 17 are snapped into the
hinge knuckles of the side locking bars.
The end walls have intermediate their height along each side
vertical edge a rearwardly projecting part or fin 130. The lower
portion of each upper side wall part 17 has along each side edge an
inwardly extending loop formation 132. Such fins or projections 130
on the end walls are adapted to extend into the loops 132 of the
side walls in the upright position of the container. The end walls
when upright rest against peripheral wall 22 of base 12 and engage
the inner surfaces of the upright side walls along the side edges
of the latter to prevent the side walls from collapsing.
The end ledges 24 on the base 12 may have molded detents 140 to
retain the end walls in the upright position. Such detents are
inclined as indicated at 142 to permit the bottoms of the end walls
to cam over the detents when swung to upright position.
In order to collapse the container, an upward and inward manual
pressure is applied to the end walls 16 to lift them over the
substantially vertical retaining parts 144 of the detents and swing
them to a horizontal position about their upper hinges into the
plane of the top border frame 15. The side walls 18 are now
released so that they may readily fold inwardly to collapse the
container to the position of FIGS. 5 and 11. FIG. 5 shows in
phantom lines a second collapsed container in stacked relationship
with the one shown in section indicating that a plurality of
containers 10 when collapsed may be readily stacked one upon
another.
In the foregoing description and the appended claims, reference is
made to "side" walls and "end" walls of the container. The use of
the words "side" and "end" is solely for the purpose of
distinguishing one set of opposite walls from the other and should
not be taken as implying that one set of walls is necessarily
longer or shorter than the other.
* * * * *