U.S. patent number 3,869,170 [Application Number 05/374,356] was granted by the patent office on 1975-03-04 for locking mechanism for reclining chairs.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Pontiac Furniture Industries, Inc.. Invention is credited to Henry James, Carl B. Johnson.
United States Patent |
3,869,170 |
James , et al. |
March 4, 1975 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
LOCKING MECHANISM FOR RECLINING CHAIRS
Abstract
A locking mechanism for reclining chairs normally preventing
recline of the chair and operated by or upon the extension of the
footrest to permit the chair to recline, and upon recline, to lock
the footrest against retraction. When the chair is shifted back to
sitting position the footrest is again retractable, and when
retracted, again prevents recline of the chair. Installed in a
rocker-recliner, the mechanism also normally prevents recline, and
when operated as above stated to permit recline, simultaneously
locks the chair against rocking. Both recline and rocking locks
utilize paired links alignable alternatively to prevent or permit
relative movement of their associated parts. Also, recline of the
chair, while locking the footrest against independent retraction,
effects a slight related retraction thereof to prevent downward
pull upon the occupant's outstretched legs upon recline.
Inventors: |
James; Henry (Pontiac, IL),
Johnson; Carl B. (Pontiac, IL) |
Assignee: |
Pontiac Furniture Industries,
Inc. (Pontiac, IL)
|
Family
ID: |
50391584 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/374,356 |
Filed: |
June 28, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
297/269.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47C
7/506 (20130101); A47C 1/0342 (20130101); A47C
3/027 (20130101); A47C 3/03 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47C
7/50 (20060101); A47C 3/02 (20060101); A47C
3/03 (20060101); A47C 7/00 (20060101); A47c
003/02 (); A47d 013/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;297/69,270,131,133,164T,269,310,85,DIG.7 ;5/106 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gilliam; Paul R.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a rocker-recliner chair having a base portion for supporting
a chair upon the floor, a rocking portion mounted upon the base
portion for rocking movement thereon, and a body-supporting portion
movable relative to said rocking portion from a generally upright
sitting position to a recline position,
the improvement comprising a locking linkage selectively shiftable
between alternate positions to lock the chair against reclining
while permitting the same to rock, and conversely, to lock the
chair against rocking while permitting the same to recline,
said linkage comprising a first pair of connected links each
pivoted respectively to one of said base and said rocking portions
on a first axis which is common to both and spaced from the rocking
axis when the chair is in neutral balance, and from which the
pivots of said first link pair are displaced by said rocking
movement, and a second pair of connected links each pivoted
respectively to one of said rocking member and said body-supporting
portions on a second axis common to both when the chair is in said
sitting position and from which the pivots of said second link pair
are displaced by said relative movement to the recline
position,
the links of said pairs pivoted to the rocking portion being
connected together for movement in unison between said alternate
positions at one of which said second link pair is aligned in
opposition to said relative movement to the recline position, and
at the other of which said first link pair is aligned in opposition
to said rocking movement, each link pair being aligned to permit
relative movement of its associated chair portions when the other
pair is aligned in opposition as aforesaid,
and means for shifting said linkage between said alternate
positions.
2. In a chair in accordance with claim 1 and also having a normally
retracted footrest extendable to a leg-supporting position
forwardly of the chair, wherein said linkage-shifting means is a
connection from said locking linkage to the means for extending and
retracting the footrest to shift said linkage between its alternate
positions coincident with the extension and retraction of the
footrest, said locking linkage being positioned to prevent
reclining and to permit rocking when the footrest is retracted, and
shifted to its alternate position when the footrest is
extended.
3. The subject matter of claim 1 wherein said first and second
common axes coincide.
4. The subject matter of claim 3 wherein the said two links pivoted
to the rocking portion are in fact the divergent arms of a single
rock lever.
5. The subject matter of claim 2 wherein the means for shifting the
locking linkage comprises an operating link connected respectively
to the footrest mechanism and to the link of said second pair which
is connected to the body-supporting portion of the chair, said
operating link by said connection effecting a slight retraction of
the footrest incident to movement of the body-supporting portion
from the sitting to the reclining position.
6. The subject matter of claim 4 in which each of the divergent
arms of said rock lever and its paired link when arrayed in
blocking position are aligned in the direction of relative movement
of their two associated, relatively movable chair portions, and
substantially perpendicular thereto when in the alternate
position.
7. The subject matter of claim 1 wherein the rocking portion
includes curved runners which translate fore and aft on the base
portion as the chair rocks, and in which the link of said first
pair connected to the base portion has at least one slotted pivotal
connection to accommodate the compound movement of the rocking
portion relative to the base portion, and means providing contact
between said first link pair and said base portion in the blocking
position to prevent lost motion of said slotted pivotal connection
to secure said chair against rocking movement in either direction
from said blocking position notwithstanding the slot in said
link.
8. The subject matter of claim 7 in which said link is slotted at
its pivotal connection to said base portion, and wherein said first
link pair in blocking position is substantially aligned in the
direction of movement of the rocking portion from said first
mentioned common axis, and said first link pair at its end remote
from said slotted connection engages the base portion of the chair
as a strut and the lost motion of said slotted connection is taken
up.
9. In a reclining chair having a base, a body supporting portions
supported upon the base, and movable relative thereto from an
upright sitting position to a reclining position, and a retractable
footrest movably mounted on chair to be extensible forwardly of the
body-supporting portion to support the outstretched legs of the
occupant,
mechanism for extending and retracting the footrest while the chair
is in sitting position,
and a connection between said body-supporting portion and said
footrest mechanism to effect a slight movement of the extended
footrest toward its retracted position by the reclining of the
chair to compensate for the shift of the occupant's body rearwardly
of the chair upon recline.
10. In a reclining chair having a base, a body-supporting portion
supported from the base and movable relative thereto from an
upright sitting position to a reclining position, and a retractable
footrest movably mounted on the chair to be extensible forwardly of
the body-supporting portion to support the outstretched legs of the
occupant,
a locking linkage comprising a pair of connected links each pivoted
respectively to one of said base and said body-supporting portion
on an axis common to both when the chair is in said sitting
position and from which said pivots diverge during said relative
movement to the reclining position,
mechanism for extending and retracting the footrest,
a connection between said footrest mechanism and said locking
linkage aligning said pair of links in coincidence in opposition to
said relative movement when the footrest is retracted and shifting
said pair of links to position the same to permit divergence of
said pivots and a movement of said pair of links relative to each
other simultaneously with the recline of the chair,
said relative movement of said pair of links being operative
through said connection to effect a slight movement of the extended
footrest toward its retracted position upon the reclining of the
chair to compensate for the shift of the occupant's body rearwardly
of the chair upon recline.
11. The subject matter of claim 10 wherein the mechanism for
extending and retracting the footrest includes at least one link
movable relative to said base by the extension of the footrest, and
the connection between the footrest mechanism and said locking
linkage comprises an operating link connected to said one footrest
link and to one of said pair of links of the locking linkage.
12. The subject matter of claim 10 wherein the body-supporting
portion includes a member rotatable on the base and supporting the
back, and wherein the one of said pair of links pivoted to the
body-supporting portion is pivoted to said rotatable
back-supporting member.
Description
This invention relates to locking mechanism for reclining chairs
and for so-called "rocker-recliner" chairs, i.e., reclining chairs
which are built on rocking bases. All such chairs include a
retractable footrest to support the legs of the occupant, and the
operation of our locking mechanism is arranged to occur as an
incident to extension and retraction of the footrest, and to
prevent independent retraction of the footrest while the chair is
reclined, but to effect a slight and desirable related retraction
thereof as the chair is reclined.
The invention is more particularly concerned with a selective
locking mechanism which prevents the recline of the chair in
advance of the extension of the footrest, and which, in a
rocker-recliner chain prevents reclining when the chair is adjusted
for rocking, and conversely prevents rocking when the chair is
reclined.
The invention contemplates the selection within the profile of the
chair of a given common point on the reclining mechanism and on the
chair base from which a substantial relative movement will be
experienced when the chair is reclined. In the rocker-recliner
chair, it is further contemplated that there will be located within
the chair profile not only a given common point from which the
reclining mechanism will have a substantial movement relative to
the rocker portion of the base when the chair is recline, but also
another given point common to the rocker and to the fixed base when
the chair is in neutral balance, and from which the rocker will
have a substantial movement relative to the fixed base when the
chair rocks, "neutral balance" meaning the upright sitting of the
chair, rocked neither forward nor back.
To each of the relatively movable chair members, e.g., the
reclining mechanism and the fixed base of the ordinary reclining
chair, there is respectively pivoted at the given common point one
of a pair of connected links which are shiftable into blocking
alignment with respect to the relative movement of the recline
mechanism on the fixed base, and shiftable into an alternate
position wherein the connecting pivot of the pair of links
coincides with the axis of relative movement of the recline
mechanism, the shifting movement, as earlier indicated, being
associated with the operation of the footrest to cause the pair of
connected links to block reclining movement when the footrest is
retracted, and to permit recline after the footrest has been
extended.
In the case of the rocker-recliner, the aforementioned relationship
of the reclining mechanism, related as aforedescribed to the
operation of the footrest, obtains between the reclining mechanism
and the rocking portion of the base. Moreover, an additional pair
of connected links is provided between the rocking portion of the
base and the fixed portion of the base, and similarly shiftable
into and out of blocking alignment with respect to the rocking
movement, said shifting being coincident with and functionally the
reserve of the shifting of the recliner lock. That is to say, in
the rocker-recliner application, the links of the pairs
respectively connected to the rocking portion of the base are so
connected that when the one pair is shifted to prevent reclining
the other permits rocking, and vice versa.
In both cases, each connected link pair permits permits relative
movement of its associated chair portions when the connecting pivot
of the link pair is shifted into coincidence with the axis of such
relative movement, whether that axis be precise and actual, as in
the case of the reclining mechanism, or approximate and virtual, as
in the case of the rocking mechanism.
With respect to its application to rocker-recliner chairs, the
invention further contemplates that the "given common point" on the
reclining mechanism and the rocking portion of the base, on the one
hand, and the "given common point" on the rocking and fixed
portions of the base, on the other hand, may be selected to
coincide in a single point, permitting both links pivoted to the
rocker to be unified into a single locking lever connected by one
link to the fixed base of the chair and by a second link to the
recline linkage, and shiftable between two alternate positions.
Thus, when the locking lever occupies one of its two positions, one
of its arms and the link connection of that arm to the recline
mechanism are aligned to prevent reclining movment of the chair
parts relative to the rocker, but permit the other arm of the
locking lever and its link connection to the fixed portion of the
base to "toggle" idly as the chair rocks. Similarly, when the
locking lever occupies its alternate position, its other arm and
the link connecting the same to the fixed portion of the base of
the chair are swung into alignment to prevent rocking in either
direction from "neutral balance", while the locking lever and its
link connection to the recline mechanism, having had their common
pivot moved into coincidence with the axis of the movement of that
mechanism upon recline, permit the reclining movement, and likewise
"toggle" as the reclining movement proceeds.
The principles employed and their advantageous use in reclining
chairs will be better understood from the following detailed
description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in
which:
FIG. 1 is an "exploded" isometric assembly view of the locking
linkage of our invention in its more complete form, one of a pair
that we prefer to employ, one at each side of the chair, to lock
the rocker of a rocker-recliner securely for the recline of the
chair when the footrest is extended, and to prevent retraction of
the footrest when the chair is reclined, FIG. 1 showing the normal
positions of the parts, i.e., with the chair in neutral balance and
the footrest retracted;
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the chair showing the
locking linkage positioned within the chair profile;
FIG. 3, 4 and 5 are enlarged fragmentary side elevations of our
locking linkage, FIG. 3 showing the same in the position of FIG. 1
to facilitate orientation, and FIGS. 4 and 5 showing the chair
rocked backward and forward, respectively, as permitted by the
position of the locking linkage illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and
3;
FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the chair showing the
footrest extended, and FIG. 7 is a corresponding fragmentary side
elevation of the locking linkage positioned by the extension of the
footrest to prevent rocking and to permit the reclining action to
proceed;
FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the chair both upright
and in recline, and FIG. 9 an enlarged fragmentary side elevation
of the locking linkage positioned by the recline to prevent
retraction of the footrest.
PRELIMINARY SUMMARY
Referring initially to FIG. 1 for a general summary of the locking
linkage 10 of the invention, the view there shown is an interior
view looking downwardly toward the left rear of the chair from the
upper right, with the seat of the chair removed. To the viewer's
left in the exploded assembly is an upstanding bracket 12 secured
to the fixed base 14 of the chair. Midway in depth along the
"exploded" assembly is an angle bracket 16 secured to the rocker
bracket 18 on the rocker portion 20 of the base. Extending
diagonally upwardly and rearwardly at the righthand side of the
assembly are the supporting links 22 and 24, connected to guide the
back bracket 26 of the reclining back of the chair.
In the rocking movement of the chair, the angle bracket 16, being
secured to the rocker 20 and employed as the locking point thereof,
moves up and down relative to the fixed base 14 and, because the
rocker travels fore and aft on its base while rocking, describes a
curvilinear path that is not a circular arc. The lockable member of
the reclining mechanism, on the other hand, the upstanding
boomerang-shaped link 24, is pivoted on the rocker bracket 18, and
is independently rotatable thereon during the reclining movement of
the chair.
The locking members per se of the locking linkage 10 include a
rocking, bell-crank lock lever 28 pivoted to the angle bracket 16
on the rocker, a slotted link 30 by means of which one arm 32 of
the lock lever 28 is connected to the fixed bracket 12 secured to
the base of the chair, and another link 34 by means of which the
other arm 36 of the lock lever 28 is connected to the rearwardly
extending arm 38 of the boomerang lever 24 which supports the back
of the chair.
When the lock lever 28 and the link 34 connecting it to the
back-support lever 24 are positioned as shown in FIG. 1, it will be
apparent that the coincidence of the rock lever arm 36 and the link
34 along the line of movement to be taken by the lower arm 38 of
that lever 24 during recline effectively prevents reclining
movement of the chair.
Alternatively, when the lock lever is rocked forward on its pivot
to the angle bracket 16, it carries its coinciding upper arm 36 and
connecting link 34 out of blocking alignment to reclining movement,
and simultaneously places its other arm 32, coinciding with the
slotted link 30, into blocking alignment with respect to rocking
movement in either direction. (FIG. 7).
Shifting of the lock lever 28 between its alternate positions is
accomplished indirectly by forming the link 34 connecting the lock
lever and arm 38 of the back support link as a bell crank, and
connecting the rearwardly extending arm 40 thereof to a tubular
connecting link 42 extending forwardly to an arm 44 on a cross
shaft 46 journalled in the forward portion of the seat bracket 48.
The cross shaft 46 is associated with footrest extension linkage
50, (FIG. 6) which may, as more fully described in our co-pending
application Ser. No. 374,486, filed June 28, 1973, be actuated by
an operating handle 52 at the side of the chair. Such operating
handle, if used, becomes the operator also for actuating the
locking linkage 10 to prevent rocking of the chair and to position
the same for reclining as an incident to the extension of the
footrest.
Extension of the footrest with the chair in the upright position,
and blocked against rocking, has become identified in trade
parlance as the "TV" position, the extension of the footrest being
accomplished either by manipulation of a hand lever at the side of
the chair, or by a shifting of the chair seat relative to the
rocking portion of the base. In the latter instance, we contemplate
that the connecting link 42, by means of which the lock lever 28 of
our locking linkage is positioned to prevent rocking, would be
connected for actuation by and coincident to the shifting of the
seat on the rocking base, either by more direct connection to the
seat, or indirectly, as shown, by operation of the footrest
mechanism.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
For a detailed description of the locking linkage of the invention
we refer again initially to the exploded assembly view of FIG. 1,
showing the hardware and rocking base on the far side of the chair,
the back of the chair being on the left and the front of the chair
on the right. The counterbalancing springs usually also mounted
interiorally to connect the fixed or floor-engaging portion 14 of
the base and the upper rocker portion 20 superposed thereon, are
omitted in FIG. 1 for a clearer showing of the essential parts, but
it will be understood that they position the chair in the neutral
balance earlier referred to.
Screwed onto the rocker portion 20 of the base is the rocker
bracket 18 of angle iron which provides the mounting for the
recline linkage by means of which the back of the chair and the
seat are mounted for movement relative to each other and to the
rocking portion of the base as an incident to recline of the chair.
The recline linkage illustrated in FIG. 1 is that which is
illustrated, described, and claimed in our co-pending application
Ser. No. 374,355, filed June 28, 1973, and is reshown here simply
for purposes of illustration. As the principles of our locking
mechanism become clear from the following explanation, it will be
equally apparent that the utility of our novel lock does not depend
upon this particular
In any event, while for purposes of illustrating and explaining the
function of our novel lock, attention should be focused upon the
boomerang-shaped forward support lever 24 of the reclining
mechanism, it should for completeness be explained that the back of
the chair is supported by the back bracket 26 which in turn is
supported from the aforementioned rocker bracket 18 by means of the
link 22 and lever 24, which form a trapezoidal linkage with the
back bracket 26 and the rocker bracket 18 to effect a forward
lifting of the back bracket 26 (and the lower end of the back of
chair) as an incident to the rearward rotation of the back-bracket
upon recline.
The seat of the chair is supported upon the seat bracket 48, which
in turn is supported in its forward portions by an overslung link
54 extending upwardly and rearwardly from its pivotal connection to
the rocker bracket 18 to its pivotal connection in the seat bracket
48. Its angularity in the sitting position illustrated is such that
when the seat bracket is shifted forwardly, the link 54 lifts the
front end of the seat.
The rearward portion of the seat is carried upon a bell crank lever
56 supported from the front, boomerang-shaped back-support lever 24
and controlled in its movement relative thereto during the
recilining rotation of the back by a control link 58 connected to
the back bracket 36. That specific reclining chair mechanism, as
earlier stated, is not a part of the locking linkage of this
invention as such, and, forming the subject of our separate
co-pending application, is shown here merely for illustration.
For present purposes, the important member of the recline linkage
is the forward back support lever 24, whose lower,
rearwardly-extending arm 38 is the point at which the locking
linkage 10 of this invention is attached to the recline mechanism
to perform its locking function.
The footrest extension mechanism 50 (FIG. 6) is largely omitted
from FIG. 1 except to the extent it shares parts in common with the
locking linkage 10, in particular, those parts necessary to operate
the locking linkage to prevent rocking coincidentally with the
extension of the retractable footrest to its forward position.
Still referring to FIG. 1, these include the square cross shaft 46
journalled forwardly on the seat bracket 48 and extending to a seat
bracket counterpart on the other side of the chair to unify the
action of the footrest extension linkages 50 on opposite sides of
the chair. The footrest extension mechanism illustrated in FIG. 6
is not, as such, a part of our locking linkage, and is separately
fully described and claimed in another co-pending application Ser.
No. 374,486 filed June 28, 1973 It is shown here only for
illustration, and to the extent necessary to show how the
manipulation of a separate operating lever, such as 52, for the
extension of the footrest likewise actuates the locking mechanism
to prevent rocking while the footrest is extended.
Referring therefore to the FIGS. 1 and 6 jointly, it will be
sufficient for present purposes to note that the foorest 60 is
extended on a pair of parallel rails 62 which are suitably
supported from the underside of the seat of the chair for endwise
movement, and are propelled to the extended position by a drive
linkage comprising a hand lever operated rear drive link 64 pivoted
to the seat bracket 48, a forward drive link 66 secured as an arm
to the aforementioned square cross shaft 46 shown in FIG. 1, and
connected for unison rotation by a connecting link 68. A
multiplying lever 70 pivoted to the lower end of the rear drive
link 64, and rocked relative thereto by a restraining link 72
pivoted to the lever 70 and to the forward drive link 66, has a
resulting angular movement nearly twice that of the drive link 64,
and, through its drag link connection 74 to the rear end of the
footrest supporting rails 62, drive the same to the extended
broken-line position in FIG. 6 by the rearward movement of the hand
lever 52 through about 90.degree. as indicated in FIG. 6.
In the process, the front drive link 66, and the square cross shaft
46 shown in FIG. 1, are also rotated through approximately
90.degree. in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1, and that
rotation, through mechanism now to be described, operates our
improved locking linkage 10 incident to extension of the
footrest.
As earlier indicated, although we do not consider our invention
limited in this respect, we prefer to use duplicate locking
linkages, one at each side of the chair, just as we have duplicated
the reclining linkage for the seat and the back and for the
extension of the footrest as well. We could use a single locking
linkage located between the sides of the chair and connected
therewith by means of suitable rods and shafts, but we prefer
separate locking linkages for each side, operated of course in
unison, because our locking mechanism then functions solidly to
block out the intended function, i.e., when the chair is reclined
there is essentially no springiness in the parts, nor any rocking
movement to suggest to the resposed occupant that he is insecure
and in danger of tipping.
THE LOCKING LINKAGE PER SE
It has been noted preliminarily that the illustrated chair has two
modes of movement, rocking and reclining, and that the function of
the locking mechanism is to condition the chair for one mode while
preventing the other, and vice versa, incident to extension and
retraction of the footrest.
In the rocking mode, the rocker portion 20 of the base and
everything supported by it, oscillates up and down and to and fro
relative to the fixed base 14, whereas in the reclining mode, the
seat and the back, or in any event the back, move relative to the
rocker 20 upon which they are mounted. In this context, the locking
linkage of our invention is such that when the footrest is
retracted and the chair is in upright sitting position, the linkage
permits rocking but prevents recline. On the other hand, when the
footrest is extended, the rocking movement is blocked, and the
locking linkage conditioned to permit recline. This is the
so-called intermediate or "TV" position, i.e., with footrest
extended, rocking function locked, and the chair conditioned for
recline.
As the back of the chair is then reclined, the locking linkage
operates to perform a slight but related retraction of the
footrest, but prevents independent retraction of the footrest while
the chair is reclined.
These several functions are accomplished by the following
structure: The lower shorter arm 38 of the boomerang-shaped front
support lever 24 of the back is in alignment with the rocker
bracket 18 when the back is in the upright sitting position, being
supported in that attitude by the angle bracket 16 which is secured
to the underside of the rocker bracket 18 and extends inwardly
therefrom to space its upstanding flange from the vertical flange
of the rocker bracket. The vertical flange of the angle bracket 16
is pierced to receive a shoulder rivet to pivot the rock lever 28
on the rocker portion of the base.
The rearwardly-extending shorter arm 38 of the forward back support
lever 24 is pierced at a point spaced rearwardly from its pivotal
attachment to the rocker bracket 18, and on an axis which coincides
with the pivotal mounting of the lock lever 28 when the chair parts
are in the upright position illustrated in FIG. 1. This provides
the pivotal mounting for the connecting link 34, which for other
purposes yet to be described, is also formed as a bell crank, i.e.,
having two diverging arms. The one of those arms, 37, standing
nearly upright in FIG. 1, is pivotally connected at its upper end
to the similarly upstanding and coextensive arm 36 of the lock
lever 28, both said arms being offset toward each other to bridge
the angle bracket 16 and the clearance space provided, and being
pierced and pivotally connected by a suitable shoulder rivet.
From the foregoing partial detailed description of the locking
linkage, it will be apparent that inasmuch as the rearwardly
extending arm 38 of the forward back support lever 24 moves
perpendicularly upwardly from the rocker bracket 18 to initiate the
reclining movement, the interconnected lock lever arm 36 and the
associated arm 37 of the connecting link 34, the one being
connected to the angle bracket 16 and the other being attached to
the shorter arm 38 of the front back support lever 24, prevent any
reclining movement when they are disposed as shown in FIG. 1.
The other arm 32 of the lock lever 28, extending forwardly and
slightly downwardly from its pivot to the angle bracket 16 on the
rocker, is pivoted at its outer end to the distal end of the
connecting link 30, which has a slotted pivotal connection to the
upstanding bracket 12 secured to the fixed base 14 of the chair.
The fixed bracket 12 is formed with a short upstanding mounting
flange 76 emplaced against the inner surface of the runner of the
base 13, and a taller upstanding plate 78 spaced therefrom
adequately to span the angle bracket 16 of the rocker and all of
the locking linkage. At its upper end, the plate 78 supports a
shoulder bolt 80 on which the slotted end of the connecting link 30
is pivoted, coaxially with the pivot of the lock lever 28 to the
angle bracket 16, and with the pivot of the rearwardly extending
arm 38 of the forward back-support lever 24 to its connecting link
34. That is to say, when the chair is in neutral balance, the pivot
axes of the fixed bracket 12, the lock lever 28 on the angle
bracket 16, and that of the connecting link 34 to the rearwardly
extending arm 38 of the forward back support lever 24, are all
located on the same axis, or, viewing the chair in profile, these
respective axes coincide at a single point, or substantially
so.
As indicated in FIG. 1, the mounting flange 76 of the fixed bracket
12 is provided with two holes spaced from front to rear, the
forward hole being tapped to receive a mounting screw (not shown)
passed through a drilled hole in the runner of the base 14. The
rearward hole of the mounting flange is pierced oversize and an
aligned tapped hole provided in the spaced upstanding plate 78 that
supports the pivot bolt 80. A longer mounting screw 82 is passed
through the base runner from the outside, through the rear hole in
the mounting flange 76, and fitted in the tapped hole in the
upstanding plate 78. This rearward screw may, if desired, be a
shoulder screw, or may be surrounded by a sleeve between the two
upstanding flanges of the fixed bracket 12, as may be desirable to
enable the screw 82 to provide a stop for the slotted link 30 and
the lock lever 28 in the alternate position of adjustment of the
latter, at which the rocking of the chair is prevented and recline
permitted (FIG. 7).
The coinciding lengths of the arm 36 of the lock lever 28 and the
arm 37 of the connecting link 34, shown upstanding in FIG. 1, are
also equal to the distance between the two pivots of the shorter
arm 38 of the forward back support lever 24, so that when the
locking linkage 10 is shifted to its alternate position (FIG. 7),
not only will the rocker portion of the base be secured in the
neutral balance position of FIG. 1, but the pivot axis of the
connection of the lock lever 28 to the connecting link 34 will
coincide with the axis of the pivotal connection of the forward
back support lever 24 to the rocker bracket 18, and with the parts
thus aligned, the forward back support lever 24 may swing freely
upwardly to permit the chair to recline.
The shifting of the locking linkage between its alternate positions
by the swinging of the lock lever 28 (FIG. 1, or FIG. 3, to FIG. 7)
is accomplished as already indicated by the same action which
extends the footrest and specifically, in the illustrated instance,
is effected by the rotation of the square cross shaft 46 journalled
in and extending between the seat brackets 48 at opposite sides of
the chair. The rotation of the cross shaft 46 is imparted to the
short arm 44 secured thereto, the arm 44 being stamped from light
plate and pierced with a square hole at one end to receive the
shaft 46 and a round hole at the distal end for pivotal attachment
by means of a suitable rivet to the rearwardly-extending operating
link 42. The operating link 42 is preferably tubular for greater
rigidity, and flattened at its ends for connection forwardly to the
arm 44 on the cross shaft 46, and rearwardly to the locking linkage
10.
From the foregoing description of structure and operation, it will
be apparent that the primary function of the operating link 42 is
to shift the lock lever 28 between its alternate positions. To
serve that primary purpose, the link might suitably be connected
directly to the lock lever 28 at any convenient point thereon or
extension thereof, depending upon the direction of movement of the
conveniently available shifting effort derived from the extension
of the footrest. To enable that connection also to achieve a
secondary purpose, however, we prefer to shift the lock lever 28 by
means of the arm 40 on the connecting link 34 pivoted to the
forward support lever 24 of the recline mechanism, that link 34, as
earlier noted, being made in the form of a bell crank for this
purpose.
THE OPERATING LINKAGE PER SE
As shown in FIG. 1, the rearwardly extending arm 40 of the
connecting link 34 is pivoted to the rear end of the tubular
operating link 42, being substantially offset toward the center of
the chair to place the flattened end-portion of the operating link
42 inwardly of the lock lever 28. The slotted connecting link 30
and its associated arm 32 of the lock lever 28 are likewise offset
toward each other at their distal ends to provide clearance for the
flattened rear end of the operating link during rocking movement of
the chair.
The primary or lever-shifting function of the operating link 42 can
occur freely only when the chair is in its position of neutral
balance, or more precisely, when the pivot on the angle bracket 16
and at the rear end of the lower arm 38 of the forward back-support
lever 24 coincide with the pivot 80 on the fixed bracket 12, or
nearly so. (The ability of the locking linkage to jack the chair
into neutral balance upon attempted extension of the footrest is
discussed later herein.) When that condition obtains, the rotation
of the cross shaft 46 by the extension of the footrest moves the
operating link 42 forwardly, and rotates the connecting link 34
clockwise as viewed in FIG. 1, carrying with it the lock lever 28,
which in turn carries with it the slotted connecting link 30,
turning all parts to the position of FIG. 7 coincident with the
extension of the footrest. From the position of FIG. 7, the
reclining motion may proceed at the occupant's discretion, inasmuch
as the aligned arm 37 of the connecting link 34 and arm 36 of the
lock lever 28 have been moved into alignment with the shorter arm
38 of the forward back support lever 24, and their connecting pivot
is aligned with the swing pivot of the back-support lever on the
rocker bracket 18. As the reclining movement proceeds (FIGS. 8 and
9) and the forward support lever 24 of the back of the chair moves
forwardly on the rocker, the tubular operating link 42 is moved
forwardly as the connecting link 34 rotates clockwise (as seen in
FIGS. 1 and 9) with the back support lever 24. This forward
movement of the operating link 42 relative to the rocker upon
recline enables it to perform a secondary function now to be
described.
In the particular recline mechanism here illustrated, the recline
of the back is accompanied by a forward shift of the seat, and as
noted, the cross shaft 46 is journalled in the seat brackets 48.
During recline, however, the pivot of the lock lever 28 on the
angle bracket 16 remains stationary, and the lock lever 28
immovable. Depending, therefore, upon the amount of forward
movement of the seat relative to the rocker, the direct attachment
of the operating link 42 to the rock lever 28 would cause reverse
rotation of the cross shaft 46, and retraction of the footrest, as
the seat moves forward.
Complete retraction of the footrest would, of course, be
self-defeating, but we have found that a slight retraction upon
recline is highly desirable to offset the tendency of the footrests
of reclining chairs to pull down the socks of the occupant as his
body shifts slightly rearwardly on the seat upon recline.
Accordingly, to provide for a slight retraction of the footrest
upon recline, we connect the tubular operating link 42 to the arm
40 of the connecting link 34 so that the link 42 is shifted
forwardly relative to the rocker 40 (FIG. 9) by the recline
movement. As the forward movement of the seat proceeds upon recline
we proportion the length of the arm 40 of the connecting link 34
appropriately to the forward movement of the cross shaft upon
recline, and thereby effect a slight retraction of the operating
link 42 relative to the seat, a slight reverse rotation of the
footrest-operating cross shaft 46, and the desired corresponding
slight retraction of the footrest.
The same retraction control can be achieved equally in chairs
having no movement, or a different movement, of the footrest
mechanism relative to the chair upon recline, by attaching the
operating link 42 of the locking mechanism appropriately to the
connecting link 34.
FOOTREST LOCKING
Having explained the operation of our locking linkage to prevent
one or the other of the rocking or reclining movements from the
upright sitting position, as well as its ability to effect a slight
but desirable retraction of the footrest upon recline, we now
explain by reference to FIGS. 3 to 5, 7 and 9 its further function,
i.e., the forcible return of the chair to neutral position by the
extension of the footrest while rocking, and the prevention of the
retraction of the footrest when the chair is reclined.
In FIG. 3, which is a side elevation of the locking linkage in the
same position illustrated in FIG. 1, the chair is in neutral
balance in the upright sitting position, rocked neither forward nor
back, although capable of doing so but incapable of reclining.
In FIG. 4, the chair is rocked back and in FIG. 5 the chair is
rocked forwardly. During these movements, the slotted connecting
link 30 and its associated arm 32 of the lock lever 28 simply
"toggle" idly in their passage from the position of FIG. 4 to that
of FIG. 5, and vice versa, passing on each rocking movement through
the neutral position of FIG. 3. Because in the illustrated case the
rocking element is not of the fixed axis type but actually "rolls"
on the base runner during the rocking movement, the path described
by the axis of the lock lever is a compound movement rather than a
circular arc, wherefore it is accordingly necessary to provide a
slot in the link 30 at the pivot bolt 80 to accommodate these
slight fore and aft movements of the rocker on the base.
When the slotted link 30 and its associated arm 32 of the lock
lever 28 are divergent, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the footrest
cannot be extended, i.e., the lock lever 28 cannot be rotated by
the operating link 42, without drawing the chair back to neutral.
If attempted in the FIG. 4 position the arm 32 strikes the fixed
bracket 12 and forces the rocker up. If attempted from the FIG. 5
position, the link 30 pulls the locker down. Some slight variation
from true alignment inevitably occur as the chair is occupied by
persons of different stature. If extension of the footrest is
attempted while the chair is in a rocking motion, i.e., when the
pivot axis of the lock lever 28 is substantially out of coincidence
with the pivot of the slotted connecting link 30 to the fixed
bracket 12, the rocking motion is terminated as the leverage of the
operating link 42, exerted through the lock lever 28, forces the
pivot axis of the lock lever into coincidence with that of the
fixed bracket 12, and thus permits the shifting of the linkage into
the position of FIG. 7 (and the extension of the footrest) from
which the reclining action may proceed.
In FIG. 7, it will be noted that the slotted link 30 and its
associated arm 32 of the lock lever 28 have been swung down
approximately vertically from the pivot bolt 80 of the fixed
bracket 12, and are stopped in that position by their abutment with
the rearward mounting screw 82 which also secures the fixed bracket
12 to the base runner. As indicated in FIG. 7, we prefer to
maintain zero clearance between the ends of the slotted link 30 and
the lock lever arm 32 and the upper surface of the connecting web
of the fixed bracket 12 so that all lost motion in the slotted
connection of the link 30 to the pivot bolt 80 is taken up, and the
rocking movement is blocked solidly, i.e., without any jiggling or
springing to disquiet the occupant as he reclines in the chair.
As the linkage proceeds to the position of FIG. 9 by the reclining
of the back of the chair, i.e., by the forward rotation of the
forward support lever 24 upon the rocker bracket 18, the connecting
link 34 to the lower arm 38, and its associated arm 36 of the lock
lever 28 are likewise moved out of coincidence, which serves to
prevent any shifting of the lock lever 28 while the chair is
reclined, the divergence of the arm 37 of the connecting link 34
from its associated arm 36 of the lock lever 28 preventing movement
of the link 34 by the operating link 42, and thus preventing
independent retraction of the footrest.
CONCLUSION
In the foregoing specification and accompanying drawings, we have
described and illustrated the best mode known to us for the
practice of our invention. When its priciples are understood, it
will be apparent that modification can be made within the scope of
what we here disclose and claim as our invention.
For example, the arms of the lock lever 28 may be separated into
individual links located on different axes at different locations
on the rocking portion to accommodate to specifically different
chairs, or the unified preferred locking linkage might be located
forwardly of the rocking fulcrum and its connection to the recline
mechanism of the chair made to the seat or to the seat supports if
the same move relative to the rocker upon recline. We prefer the
rearward location, however, inasmuch as all rocking-reclining
chairs have a reclining back irrespective of what may happen to the
seat.
By locating our preferred unified form of "triple link" lock, viz.,
the lock lever 28 and its link connections 30 and 34 respectively
to the fixed base and to the recline linkage, on an axis common to
both pairs of relatively movable parts when the chair is in the
neutral or upright sitting position, and from which each pair has a
substantial relative movement in the rocking mode and in the
reclining mode, we have provided a very effective, compact, and
unitary lock by means of which the two modes of movement of the
chair are made assuredly mutually exclusive, yet which requires a
conscious although convenient effort of the occupant to shift the
locking linkage to condition the chair for one mode or the
other.
Further, by associating the operation of our selective lock with
the operation of the footrest mechanism, i.e., permitting the chair
to rock when the footrest is retracted and preventing rocking while
the footrest is extended, we have interconnected the locking
mechanism with the footrest extension function in such a way that
the footrest cannot be extended without terminating the rocking
movement, nor can the footrest be retracted independently while the
chair is reclined. That is to say, while the rocker-recliner chair
is in its upright sitting position, it is a rocking chair. When the
leg rest is extended, whether by manipulation of the hand lever in
the specific illustration shown or by the shifting of the seat
relative to the chair arms, as is also not uncommon, the chair is
locked against rocking at an intermediate so-called "TV" position,
with the footrest extended and the chair essentially upright. From
the "TV" position, the chair may be reclined, in which case the
footrest is locked against independent retraction, but experiences
a related slight retraction to avoid a downward pull on the
occupant's outstretched legs. Alternatively, from the "TV"
position, the footrest may be retracted, in which case the chair is
again conditioned for rocking, and is locked against recline.
The features of our invention believed to be new and patentable are
set forth in the appended claims:
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