U.S. patent number 3,868,835 [Application Number 05/244,828] was granted by the patent office on 1975-03-04 for combination washer-dryer drive arrangement.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The Hoover Company. Invention is credited to Leslie Todd-Reeve.
United States Patent |
3,868,835 |
Todd-Reeve |
March 4, 1975 |
COMBINATION WASHER-DRYER DRIVE ARRANGEMENT
Abstract
In the preferred form, a washing machine having a compartment
within which clothes are adapted to be vertically hung for washing,
rinsing and drying, including a single reversible motor which in a
first direction of operation drives a pump for a liquid
distribution system which provides washing and rinsing sprays to
the clothes, and in a second direction of operation positively
drives a fan for air flow distribution so as to dry the
clothes.
Inventors: |
Todd-Reeve; Leslie (Aylesbury,
EN) |
Assignee: |
The Hoover Company (North
Canton, OH)
|
Family
ID: |
9991396 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/244,828 |
Filed: |
April 17, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Apr 27, 1971 [GB] |
|
|
11717/71 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
68/20; 68/205R;
134/176; 134/191 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06F
18/00 (20130101); D06F 17/04 (20130101); D06F
34/26 (20200201); D06F 2103/32 (20200201) |
Current International
Class: |
A47L
15/14 (20060101); A47L 15/23 (20060101); A47L
15/42 (20060101); D06F 17/00 (20060101); D06F
17/04 (20060101); D06F 18/00 (20060101); D06f
017/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;134/176,188,191,57R,57D,58R,58D ;68/20,25R,184,5C,19 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Roberts; Edward L.
Assistant Examiner: Coe; Philip R.
Claims
I claim:
1. A washing machine having a compartment in which supported
articles are to be washed and dried by being subjected to washing
and rinsing liquid distribution and drying air flow, said
compartment being in communication with a circulation pumping
system which recirculates liquid drained from the articles,
the improvement comprising a reversible motor having first and
second directions of rotation, a circulation pump in said
circulation pumping system, said pump being driven by said motor so
as to be effective when said motor is rotated in said first
direction, and ineffective when said motor is driven in said second
direction, and a fan for providing air flow distribution, said fan
being positively driven only when said motor is driven in said
second direction.
2. The washing machine of claim 1 wherein a drain pump is provided
to drain said compartment, said drain pump being effective solely
when said motor is driven in said second direction.
3. The washing machine of claim 2 wherein said circulation pump and
said drain pump are mounted on a single shaft driven by said motor,
clutch means also mounted on said shaft so as to be driven by said
motor, said clutch means being free wheeling when said motor is
driven in said first direction and being engaged so as to
positively drive said fan when said motor is driven in said second
direction.
4. The washing machine of claim 1 wherein said circulation pumping
system includes upper and lower spray means located in the upper
and lower regions respectively of said compartment.
5. The washing machine of claim 4 wherein a wire guard is
positioned below said lower spray means and above said fan.
6. The washing machine of claim 4 wherein said circulation pumping
system provides alternate spraying from said upper and lower spray
means when said motor is driven in said first direction, and said
fan provides air circulation through said compartment when said
motor is driven in said second direction.
7. The washing machine of claim 4 wherein said lower spray means is
driven by water reaction when said motor is driven in said first
direction and said pump provides liquid to said lower spray means
through said circulation pumping system, and said fan being
positively driven when said motor is driven in said second
direction.
8. The washing machine of claim 7 wherein said fan and said lower
spray means are unitarily movable and form an assembly.
9. The washing machine of claim 8 wherein a wire guard is provided
above said lower spray means and fan assembly.
10. The washing machine of claim 1 wherein an air and liquid
distribution device comprising an integral spray bar and disc
assembly is mounted so as to be freely rotatable, said circulation
pumping system provides liquid under pressure so as to cause said
spray bar and disc assembly to rotate due to liquid reaction, said
air flow distribution providing air under pressure causing said
spray bar and disc assembly to rotate due to air reaction, and air
slots in said disc distributing the air flow when said disc is
rotated by air reaction when said fan is operative.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to washing machines and in particular
machines wherein clothes are hung upon racks or rods within a
cabinet wherein they are automatically washed, rinsed, and dryed
while in a suspended state. With certain types of such machine it
is possible to arrange the hanging of the clothes or other articles
to be washed together with the washing and drying parts of the
operating cycle so that the articles end up in a usable condition
without requiring ironing.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In comparison with certain prior proposals the present invention
affords a very compact and simple washing and drying system serving
a variety of functions. In one prior proposal four separate motors
have been incorporated in order to drive a circulation pump, a
drain pump, a cross flow fan to draw air through the condenser duct
and a geared motor drive in order to vary the flow of air within
the compartment during drying. The arrangement of the present
application reduces the number of motors to one which in itself
produces a very considerable cost saving and at the same time
enables a very compact arrangement to be provided for the drive of
the circulation and drain pump together with the fan for
circulating air through the condenser duct which has enabled the
overall height of the construction to be reduced or alternatively
for a larger compartment to be included within the same height.
The proposals for alternating the flow of liquid between the top
and bottom spray bars as compared with prior proposals wherein both
spray bars are operated at the same time, albiet intermittently,
enables the entire pump output to be directed to one spray bar at a
time. As a result the required pump flow can be reduced by half as
a result of which the motive power required for the circulation
pump drive can be halved while maintaining maximum spraying time
consistent with water quantity used and avoiding the loss of energy
due to possible interference between the top and bottom sprays
meeting when operating simultaneously. In one practical example,
the circulation pump may be run on a 6 seconds "on" and 6 seconds
"off" repeating cycle with the pump output being fed alternately to
the top and bottom spray bar. Drain back to the sump of washing or
rinsing liquid from the clothes load occurs during the 6 seconds
"off" period.
The invention is concerned with certain aspects of washing machines
of the type where garments are vertically hung, these aspects
including the manner in which washing or rinsing fluid is supplied
to the clothes, pumping assemblies for washing and drying the
clothes and valves for controlling the circulation of washing
liquid. The invention is also concerned with means for sensing the
dryness of clothes in an automatic manner.
According to one aspect of the present invention a washing machine
includes a washing compartment within which articles to be washed
are adapted to be hung and subjected to washing and rinsing sprays
from upper and lower sprays situated respectively in upper and
lower regions of the washing compartment. The washing compartment
is in communication with a circulation pumping system at its lower
end in order to recycle liquid which drains from the clothes. Ducts
extend from the pumping system to each of the sprays and means are
provided for supplying only one of the upper and lower sprays at a
time. The invention is of specific but not exclusive application to
arrangements in which the sprays are of a rotary, and e.g.
self-propelled jet reaction type.
The fluid distribution system incorporates alternating fluid flow
to the upper and lower sprays. One preferred form of such system is
specifically taught in copending application U.S. Ser. No. 244,829,
now abandoned, in which a bistable ball valve is used in
conjunction with a single intermittently driven pump. Other types
of valves, such as solenoid-controlled, could be used. Furthermore,
dual pumps or reversible pumps could be used with the present
invention.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention a washing
machine includes a cabinet having a washing compartment within
which articles to be washed may be suspended therein to be acted
upon by water directed from a spray during washing and rinsing and
to a drying air flow during a drying operation. The spray is
provided by a rotary spray bar carried by a shaft, the spray bar
shaft being adapted to be driven by a motor in one direction of
rotation of the motor but not in the other direction of rotation of
the motor. The motor also is adapted to drive a circulation pump
having an inlet communicating with the lower end of the washing
compartment and an outlet communicating with the spray bar. The
circulation pump may be mounted on a pump shaft which also carries
a drain pump having an inlet which also communicates with the lower
end of the washing compartment. The drain pump is operative in one
direction of rotation of the pump shaft while the circulation pump
is inoperative, and the drain pump is inoperative in the other
direction of rotation of the pump shaft while the circulation pump
is operative in that direction of rotation.
For drying purposes, air may be circulated within the washing
compartment by means of a fan which is also carried by the spray
bar shaft and which may for example be integrally formed with the
spray bar. Alternatively, the spray bar may be formed separately
from the positively driven fan, but freely rotatable around the
same axis. In such a construction a protective grill may be
disposed above the fan blades, but below the spray bar to avoid
impeding upward flow of liquid from the spray bar.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side view in section of a washing machine
according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the upper and lower portions of the
washing machine of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along lines 3--3 of FIG. 2 showing
the lower spray bar and fan assembly;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along lines 4--4 of FIG. 1 showing
the upper spray arm and air distribution assembly;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along lines 5--5 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along lines 6--6 of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 illustrates a modified form of an integral spray bar and fan
arrangement;
FIG. 8 is an end view, partly broken away, of the fan and spray bar
of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a side view in section of the washing machine showing an
alternative spray bar and fan configuration;
FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along lines 10--10 of FIG. 9
showing the construction of the fan hub of FIG. 9.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring first to FIGS. 1 and 2, a cabinet 10 is generally shown
within which is formed a washing compartment 11 wherein articles to
be washed such as clothes can be hung from horizontal carriers or
bars situated at the upper end of the compartment. For washing and
rinsing purposes the articles to be treated are subjected to
downwardly and upwardly directed sprays from a pair of spray bar
assemblies 12 and 13 respectively. Each of these spray bars is
mounted for rotation about a vertical axis, the spray bar 12 being
situated at the top of the compartment 11 and the spray bar 13 at
the bottom of the compartment beneath a wire guard 14. Each of the
spray bars is adapted to be driven by self propulsion when supplied
with water under pressure and for this purpose each spray bar
incorporates a number of tangentially extending spray jets. The
spray bars are supplied by means of a water recirculation system
extending from the outlet of a circulation pump 21 which is mounted
on a vertical pump shaft 22 adapted to be driven via a belt 23 by a
motor 24 situated below the compartment 11. The pump 21 draws wash
and rinse water from a sump 28 which also includes a water heater
29 and filter screen 25. The pump shaft 22 also carries a drain
pump 26 having an inlet 27 communicating with the sump 28 to which
liquid draining from articles to be washed can flow. The pump has
an outlet 30 extending to a drain hose 31.
The motor 24 is of reversible type and is arranged in one direction
of rotation to drive the drain pump 26 in an operative manner to
drain the compartment 11 while in the other direction of rotation
the drain pump is ineffective. The circulation pump 21 is arranged
to be operative when the drain pump 26 is ineffective and vice
versa. When the circulation pump 21 is driven in its operative
direction, liquid will be directed through the outlet of the pump
and passed to the fluid distribution system, including a bistable
valve described in detail in copending application U.S. Ser. No.
244,829, now abandoned. The bistable valve will provide alternating
fluid flow through conduits 33 and 34 to the upper and lower spray
bars respectively. The lower spray bar 13 at this time will not be
driven positively, but is free wheeling. Nevertheless, the jets of
liquid leaving the spray bars are sufficient to cause them to
rotate.
When the circulation pump 21 is driven in the ineffective direction
(at which time the drain pump 26 is operative) a one-way clutch 40
above the circulation pump 21 is adapted to drive the lower spray
bar assembly through fan shaft 44 at the speed of rotation of the
pump shaft 22. Secured beneath the spray bar 13 are fan blades 45
(shown in FIGS. 3 and 5) which have little or no effect when the
lower spray bar 13 is being driven at relatively slow speed by the
water jets extending therefrom during recirculation. However, these
fan blades 45 during high speed operation (when positively driven
by the pump shaft 22, clutch 40, and fan shaft 44) are adapted,
when the water level in the sump 28 is low enough, to draw air
downwardly from within the compartment 11 and direct this air flow
into a fan outlet 46 which communicates with a vertically extending
passage 47 extending up the side of the compartment 11 and
communicating at its upper end with a central chamber 48. If
desired, the passage 47 (or more than one such passage) could
extend up in the corner or corners of the compartment.
The upper spray bar assembly 12 has in it a number of apertures
through which this air can pass downwardly into the compartment 11.
A number of these apertures are so disposed that the air, when
ejecting therefrom, can cause the upper spray bar assembly to
rotate in order to produce a rotary air flow which can agitate the
clothes during the drying operation. An air heater 49 is disposed
above the spray bar 12. The passage 47 may act as a condenser duct
and can be supplied with cooling water if desired. The cooling
fluid and condensed water will flow downwardly into the inlet 27 of
the drain pump 26 which at this time is rotating in an operative
manner. Alternatively, the moisture-laden air may be vented to the
outside of the machine without continuous ricirculation.
To summarize the operation of the device shown in FIG. 1, in one
direction of rotation of the motor 24, the drain pump 26 and the
fan 45 are both operative to provide water emptying and air drying
of the compartment 11. In the other direction of rotation of the
motor 24, only the circulation pump 21 is operative in order to
recycle washing or rinsing liquid through the compartment 11.
While this recycling of liquid can take place through both the
upper and lower spray bars at the same time, considerable
advantages can be obtained if only one spray bar is operative at a
time. For example, this enables the entire flow from the
circulation pump at any one time to be directed to one or other of
the sprays. This can be achieved by two pumps, a reversible pump,
or a pump and valve arrangement.
FIG. 2 illustrates a preferred form of an automatically operating
valve which could be employed for supplying liquid to top and
bottom spray bars in an alternating manner merely by switching the
pump on and off. This fluid distribution system is disclosed in
detail in copending application U.S. Ser. No. 244,829, now
abandoned.
It will be seen that the outlet 33 from the valve 32 extends to an
annular inlet 34 situated around fan shaft 44 upon which the lower
spray bar 13 is mounted for rotation. The other outlet 35 from the
valve 32 communicates with a vertically extending pipe 36 extending
to the upper spray bar assembly 12 in a manner to be described.
The form of the free wheel clutch 40 employed above the circulation
pump 21 is shown in more detail in FIG. 2. It incorporates a
driving part 41 carried by the upper end of the pump shaft 22 and a
driven part 42 carried by the lower end of the fan and spray bar
shaft 44. The parts 41 and 42 are arranged to free wheel with
respect to one another in one direction of rotation but to be
driven one by the other in the other direction of rotation as
previously described. Thus, when the pump shaft 22 is driven in one
direction of rotation, the spray bar 13 and fan 45 will be
positively driven at the same time as the circulation pump 21 is
running (albeit in reverse and ineffective). While in the other
direction of rotation of the pump shaft 22, the circulation pump 21
is forwardly driven and operative while the fan and spray bar shaft
44 is not positively driven. Switching the circulation pump 21 on
and off will alternate the flow of washing and rinsing liquid to
the spray bars 12 and 13 which are rotated by water reaction
through nozzles 61.
Turning now to the top end of FIG. 2, the upper spray bar assembly
12 is mounted for free rotation about a vertical shaft 50 and the
detailed form of the spray bar assembly 12 is shown in FIGS. 4 and
6. The spray bar 12 is integrally formed with a disc 51 provided
with a pair of radial slots 52 and a number of tangentially
extending air impulsion nozzles 53 disposed around the periphery of
the disc.
At the center of the disc 51 there is an aperture 54 which is in
sealing engagement with a stationary hollow annular hub 55
surrounding the shaft 50 and placed in communication with the pipe
36 by a horizontal extension 55. In this way, when the valve 32
permits water to be circulated from the pump 21 to the pipe 36 and
extension 56, this water will pass through the hub 55 and radially
outwards through the two limbs of the spray bar 12 and then be
directed from the nozzles of the spray bar and also cause the spray
bar to be rotated about the shaft 50 by jet reaction.
During drying operations the air flow is produced by rotation of
the lower spray bar 13 in a positive manner by the connection
provided between the pump shaft 22 and the fan shaft 44 by means of
the free wheel clutch 40. The configuration of the spray bar 13
can, for instance, take either of the forms shown in FIGS. 7 and 8
on the one hand, or FIG. 3 on the other hand. In the embodiment of
FIGS. 7 and 8 the spray bar 13 comprises a generally longitudinal
member 60 provided with spaced water outlet nozzles 61. The member
60 has two air foil sections 62 which enable the spray bar to act
as a fan in one direction of rotation. In the alternative
construction of FIG. 3 the spray bar 13 has extending at right
angles to it a pair of air foil fan blades 45 again forming a fan
for circulating air in the manner previously described. For this
purpose a duct or peripheral shroud can be provided within which
the air blades can operate.
In this embodiment therefore, the clothes in the compartment 11 are
washed by the self-propelled spray bars 12 and 13 supplied
alternately by means of pump 21 and valve 32. The same drive that
is used for driving the circulation pump is arranged positively in
the opposite direction of rotation to drive the lower spray bar 13
which has an integral fan formed therewith which directs air
upwardly through the passageway 47 and downwardly through the slots
52 and the jet nozzles 53 in the disc 51 to cause rotation of the
disc. This ensures that the air moving downwardly through the
compartment 11 will traverse the whole of the compartment and
agitate the clothes as it does so.
Another aspect of the present invention concerns the use of
temperature sensing in a cabinet dryer of this type. Temperature
can be used to indicate dryness of items in a dryer and tests have
indicated that this is also satisfactory where the clothes are
suspended from racks and where air is directed downwardly through
the clothes so that the lower parts are normally the last to
dry.
By way of example, it has been shown that dryness of an individual
item can be indicated by placing a temperature sensor in the lowest
part of such an item. In the case of shifts this would normally be
the cuffs and the sensor could be placed on the double thickness
material of the cuffs as this would be the slowest to dry.
Alternatively, the cuffs, or a selected garment, could be placed on
or adjacent to a suitably situated fixed sensor.
If the overall dryness of the load is to be sensed, the temperature
sensor could be placed in the general path of the air in the lower
part of the compartment 11 in order to sense the temperature of the
air after it had passed through the clothes and before condensing
and reheating, or venting. A single multiple setting thermostat in
this position could also sense the temperature of the wash or rinse
water in the sump.
In the alternative construction of the lower spray bar and fan
arrangement shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a free wheel clutch 140 is
arranged, in one direction of rotation, to rotate a fan shaft 144
to which is secured a fan 145 by means of a key 144'. The fan 145
incorporates a hub 170 having four radial spokes 171 connecting
inner and outer sleeve portions 172 and 173 respectively. In this
way a vertical passage is provided between an outlet 133 from the
valve 132 and the interior of a spray bar 113 which is mounted
separately from and above the fan 145. The spray bar 113 has a hub
113' surrounding the upper end of the shaft 144, but when at rest
having a slight clearance between the upper end of the hub 113' and
a thrust washer secured to the upper end of the shaft 144. In this
way the spray bar 113 is capable of slight upward movement from the
position shown in FIG. 10 and such upward movement will be caused
by the flow of liquid from the circulation pump 121 and valve 132.
When the spray bar 113 is in its lower position of FIG. 10,
however, one or more friction pads 116 are mounted on its underside
and engage the upper surface of a fan guard 14. When the shaft 144
is driven at high speed in order to drive the fan 145, the spray
bar 113 will not tend to be rotated but will be held stationary by
engagement of the friction pads 116 with the fan guard 114. In this
way a spray bar is provided which does not require a guard between
it and the clothes hanging above it, since it will not be rotated
at high speed. This has the advantage that the spray nozzles of the
spray bar can direct circulating liquid directly on to the clothes
and not be impeded by a fan guard which would be necessary in a
construction such as that of FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8 where the
spray bar and fan rotate with one another and therefore will be
rotated at high speed when the fan is operative.
The above structures teach several preferred forms of practicing
the present invention. However, other modifications may be made to
the illustrated embodiments without departing from the scope of the
invention. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims
include all such modifications and alternatives.
* * * * *