U.S. patent number 3,867,004 [Application Number 05/422,969] was granted by the patent office on 1975-02-18 for electrical connection device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to ITT Industries, Inc.. Invention is credited to Roman J. Komorowski, Gilles F. A. Tournier, Jean-C. Vernerey.
United States Patent |
3,867,004 |
Komorowski , et al. |
February 18, 1975 |
Electrical connection device
Abstract
An electrical connection device comprising a resilient or spring
biased blade disposed at an acute angle with a contact piece. A
wire slipped into the acute angle between the blade and contact
piece is pressed against the contact piece and held in position by
the blade. An articulation arrangement allows pivotal movement of
the blade. An indentation formed in the articulation arrangement
receives the tip of a tool which allows the blade to be pivoted
away from the contact piece thus facilitating the insertion and
removal of the wire.
Inventors: |
Komorowski; Roman J.
(Colomiers, FR), Vernerey; Jean-C. (Colomiers,
FR), Tournier; Gilles F. A. (Colomiers,
FR) |
Assignee: |
ITT Industries, Inc. (New York,
NY)
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Family
ID: |
9109116 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/422,969 |
Filed: |
December 7, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Dec 21, 1972 [FR] |
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72.45701 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
439/437;
439/441 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01R
4/52 (20130101); H01R 9/26 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01R
9/24 (20060101); H01R 4/52 (20060101); H01R
9/26 (20060101); H01r 009/08 (); H01r 009/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;339/95R,95D,274 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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941,204 |
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Apr 1956 |
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DT |
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1,391,683 |
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Feb 1965 |
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FR |
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1,290,615 |
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Mar 1969 |
|
DT |
|
Other References
Feed-Through Terminal Block, A. F. Polhaupessy, IBM Tech. Disc.
Bull., Vol. 9, No. 11, April 1967, page 1498..
|
Primary Examiner: Lake; Roy
Assistant Examiner: Abrams; Neil
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Peterson; Thomas L.
Claims
1. In an electrical connection device comprising an insulator
casing, at least one contact piece and a corresponding contact
blade in said casing disposed at an acute angle with respect to
said contact piece, said blade being resiliently urged toward said
contact piece whereby an electrical wire slipped into the acute
angle between said blade and said contact piece will be pressed
against said contact piece and held in position by said blade, the
improvement which comprises articulation means for said blade
allowing pivotal movement of said blade toward and away from said
contact piece, said articulation means including a resilient
conductive strip having a generally Z-shaped configuration and a
pivot point formed on said casing within the plane of said strip,
the lower arm of said Z-shaped strip terminating in said contact
blade and being pivotal about said pivot point, the free end of the
upper arm of said Z-shaped strip being fixed to said casing, said
upper arm and the slanting portion of said Z-shaped strip forming
an indentation adapted to receive a tool which, when pivoted,
pivots said blade about said pivot point so as to
2. In an electrical connection device comprising an insulator
casing, at least one contact piece and a corresponding contact
blade in said casing disposed at an acute angle with respect to
said contact piece, said blade being resiliently urged toward said
contact piece whereby an electrical wire slipped into the acute
angle between said blade and said contact piece will be pressed
against said contact piece and held in position by said blade, the
improvement which comprises articulation means for said blade
allowing pivotal movement of said blade toward and away from said
contact piece, said casing being formed with two openings
intersecting one another, said contact piece being mounted in one
of said openings, a pair of complementary arcuate grooves extending
transversely across said other opening defining a cylindrical
cavity, said articulation means comprising a pivot pin rotatable in
said cavity with the surface thereof being in sealing engagement
with the surfaces of said grooves to isolate the exterior of said
other opening from said contact piece, said blade being fixed to
said pin, spring means urging the free end of said blade toward
said contact piece, and an indentation formed in said pin adapted
to receive a tool which, when pivoted, pivots said blade so as to
have its
3. An electrical connection device as set forth in claim 2 wherein
there if provided a single contact piece having a pair of contact
areas and a
4. An electrical connection device as set forth in claim 3 wherein
a single spring common to said contact blades biases said blades
toward their
5. An electrical connection device as set forth in claim 3 wherein
said contact piece is L-shaped with the inner sides of the legs of
the L-shaped
6. An electrical connection device as set forth in claim 3 wherein
said
7. An electrical connection device as set forth in claim 3 wherein
said contact piece is T-shaped with the various sides of the
T-shaped contact piece forming the contact areas of the contact
piece.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to a connection device and, more
particularly, to a device for connecting electrical wires with one
another.
Electrical connection devices are known which comprise a contacting
surface and a spring blade. One end of the blade is stationary and
the other end rests against the contacting surface in such a way
that the blade and the contacting surface meet at an acute angle.
An electrical wire inserted into the acute angle between the blade
and the contacting surface is pressed against the contacting
surface by the blade. The wire cannot become disengaged because it
is lockingly retained between the blade and the contacting surface.
Connection devices of this kind which are available on the market
have the disadvantage of being unhandy, as the wire has to be
inserted by force-pushing the blade by means of the wire itself
when the latter is rigid. Moreover, a special tool is required when
the wire is composed of multiple strands and thus is not rigid.
Another disadvantage of such devices is that they do not provide
any arrangement for removing the wire easily without the help of
the aforementioned special tool. It is the object of the present
invention to provide a connection device that eliminates the
aforementioned disadvantages.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the principal aspect of the present invention, there
is provided a connection device of the general type described
hereinbefore in which the contact blade is carried by an
articulation arrangement which allows pivotal movement of the blade
toward and away from the contact piece of the connection device. An
indentation is formed in the articulation arrangement which
receives the tip of a tool which, when pivoted, allows the blade to
be pivoted about its articulation point so that its free end will
move away from the contact piece. This pivotal movement of the
blade by use of the articulation arrangement facilitates the
insertion and removal of the wire between the acute angle between
the blade and the contact piece. The tool may be a simple
screwdriver, thus eliminating the necessity of a special tool as is
presently required by some presently available connection devices.
Moreover, no damage will occur to the wire when it is either
inserted or withdrawn from the connection device.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional illustration of a connection device
incorporating a hinged resilient blade according to the
invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates the connection device shown in FIG. 1 with a
wire inserted between the blade and the contact piece;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional illustration of a second embodiment
of the invention in which the resilient blade is carried by a pivot
pin which is driven by a helical spring;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional illustration of a third embodiment
of the invention similar to that shown in FIG. 3 except that the
pivot pin is driven by a resilient blade rather than a helical
spring;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a six-wire connection device
using the device shown in FIG. 1, half of the device being shown in
cross-sectional representation and the other half being
identical;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration similar to FIG. 5 of another
six-wire connection device using the device shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration similar to FIG. 5 of a further
six-wire connection device using the device shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a contact piece
which may be utilized in any of the six-wire connection devices
illustrated in FIGS. 5-7; and
FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view of a two-wire connection
device.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to the drawings in detail, wherein like reference
characters designate like or corresponding parts throughout the
various views, one embodiment of the connection device of the
present invention, generally designated 10, is illustrated in FIGS.
1 and 2. The device comprises a casing 12 made of a rigid
insulating material. Intersecting openings 14 and 16 are formed in
the casing. A contact piece 18 is mounted in the bottom of the
opening 16. An articulation arrangement 20, embodying an integral
resilient contact blade 22, is mounted in the opening 14.
The contact piece 18 is made of a rigid electrical conductive
material. The contact piece is fixedly mounted in the casing by any
suitable means, not shown. The contact piece includes a smooth
portion 24 and a serrated portion 26. The serrated portion is
provided for insuring the retention of an insulated wire 28 and the
smooth portion is located at the inlet 30 of the opening 16 to
facilitate insertion of the wire into the opening. Connection
means, not shown, enables the contact piece 18 to be connected to
an external circuit.
The articulation arrangement 20 is formed of a resilient metallic
strip having a generally Z-shaped configuration. The lower arm of
the strip forming the blade 22, is pivotal about an edge 32 of the
casing 12 within the plane of the Z-shaped strip. The free end 34
of the blade 22 normally rests on the serrated portion 26 of the
contact piece 18. The end 35 of the upper arm 36 of the Z-shaped
strip is fixed to the casing 12. Such upper arm 36 and the slanting
portion 38 of the Z-shaped strip form an upwardly facing
indentation 40.
To shift the contact blade 22, the tip of a tool 42 such as a
conventional screwdriver, is introduced into the indentation 40 and
rotated in the direction indicated by arrow F1 in FIG. 1. The lower
arm 22 of the articulation arrangement will pivot about the edge
32, the arms 36 and 38 will deform and the end 34 of the blade will
move away from the contact piece 18. The stripped portion of
electrical wire 28 is then inserted through the inlet 30 into
opening 16 in the direction indicated by arrow F2 in FIG. 1. Since
the end of the blade 22 is now pivoted so that its lower end 34 is
spaced above the serrated portion 26 of the contact piece, the
stripped portion of the wire 28 can be easily placed between the
end 34 and contact piece. On releasing the tool 42, the end 34 of
the blade under the stress of the resilient portions 36 and 38 of
the resilient strip forming the articulation arrangement urges the
wire against the contact piece 18. The wire is then firmly
connected as illustrated in FIG. 2. If a force is applied to the
wire in the opposite direction to arrow F2, the wire tends to be
blocked between the end 34 of the blade and the contact piece. In
addition, the serrated portion 26 of the contact piece tends to
grip the wire. If it is desired to withdraw the wire from the
connection device 10, the blade 22 is operated as previously
described in order to remove the end 34 away from the wire which is
thus released. Thus, it can be seen that by the present invention
there is provided a system for efficiently connecting a wire while
allowing it to be easily and quickly inserted or withdrawn.
Reference is now made to FIG. 3 of the drawing which shows a second
embodiment of the invention. This embodiment is similar to that
disclosed in FIGS. 1 and 2 except that the opposite walls of the
opening 14 are formed with complementary arcuate grooves 50 and 52
which define a cylindrical cavity which rotatably supports a pivot
pin 54. Vertically extending side walls 55 on the casing 12, only
one being seen in FIG. 3, define the lateral limits of such
cylindrical cavity. The rotatable pin 54 constitutes the
articulation arrangement for the blade 22. The contact blade 22 is
mounted in an L-shaped recess 56 formed in the pin 54. The blade
extends downwardly through a boss 58 formed on the lower portion of
the pin. A helical spring 60 mounted in a bore 62 in the casing 12
engages the boss 58 urging the contact blade 22 against the contact
piece 18. The pin 54 extends entirely to the side walls 55 and the
cylindrical surface of the pin sealingly engages the arcuate
grooves 50 and 52 so that a seal provided between the openings 14
and 16 thereby preventing dust and other contaminates from entering
the region where the contact blade engages the contact piece. Also,
the pivot pin isolates the tool 42 and protects the user against
any accidental contact of the tool with the contact blade 22 and
contact piece 18.
A slot 64 is formed in the upper portion of the pin 54 for
receiving the tip of the tool 42. The tool is pivoted in the
direction indicated by arrow F1 in FIG. 3 to shift the end of the
blade 32 away from the contact piece 18 and, as in the previously
described embodiment, enables a wire to be inserted in the
direction of arrow F2, or withdrawn from the connection device.
FIG. 4 shows another embodiment similar to that shown in FIG. 3
except that the helical spring 60 is replaced by a leaf spring 70.
This spring is retained in a curved recess 72 formed in the casing
12. The leaf spring exerts a downward pressure against the boss 58
on the pivot pin 54.
FIG. 5 illustrates a connection device, one half being in cross
section and the other half being identical thereto. The part of the
connection device shown in section includes three arrangements as
shown in FIG. 1 thus allowing three wires to be connected thereto.
FIG. 5 shows openings 14 and 16 and the articulation edge 32, then
symmetrically arranged about an horizontal axis, openings 14', 16',
and edge 32', and finally about a 45.degree. axis, openings 14",
16", and edge 32".
The contact piece 18' has an L-shaped configuration. The horizontal
leg 74 of the contact piece is serrated on its upper and lower
sides and the vertical leg 76 is serrated on its inner side. Spring
elements 20, 20', and 20" are arranged as in FIG. 1 with their
integral contact blades resting on the serrated surfaces of the
contact piece. Each contact blade is actuated by means of a tool as
described hereinbefore.
With half the connector body of FIG. 5 it is therefore possible to
interconnect three wires having been placed in the respective
openings 16, 16', and 16" between the contact blades and contact
piece. With the other half of the connector, not shown, three other
wires can be interconnected. In addition, the two contact pieces of
the connector can be connected to each other or constructed from a
single piece of material to form a T as shown in FIG. 8. In that
case, the connector provides for the interconnection of six
wires.
Reference is now made to FIG. 6 of the drawing which illustrates a
multi-wire connector incorporating the connector device shown in
FIG. 3. The connection device is similar to that illustrated in
FIG. 5 in that it embodies an L-shaped contact piece 18'. In this
arrangement, two pivot pins 54 and 54' are shown as being biased by
a single common helical spring 60. Thus, the embodiment illustrated
in FIG. 6 constitutes a six-wire connector like that shown in FIG.
5. In a likewise manner, the connector device illustrated in FIG. 7
using the connection device shown in FIG. 4 allows for a six-wire
connection.
FIG. 9 illustrates a two-wire connection device embodying a pair of
connection arrangements as illustrated in FIG. 3 utilizing pivot
pins 54 and 54' and a single generally straight contact piece 18"
having serrations 26 and 26' formed on its opposite ends. The
contact blades 22 and 22' mounted in the pivot pins 54 and 54'
engage the serrations 26 and 26', respectively. Other modifications
within the scope of the invention will be apparent to those skilled
in the art.
* * * * *