U.S. patent number 3,866,664 [Application Number 05/365,872] was granted by the patent office on 1975-02-18 for mold for use in continuous-casting of metals.
This patent grant is currently assigned to United States Steel Corporation. Invention is credited to Paul M. Auman, John E. Bower, Jr., Hugh E. Pry.
United States Patent |
3,866,664 |
Auman , et al. |
February 18, 1975 |
MOLD FOR USE IN CONTINUOUS-CASTING OF METALS
Abstract
A mold for use in continuous casting of metals in which the
backup plates are fastened to the liner by a novel means. The
outside faces of the liner have a series of vertical ribs which
define with the backup plates a plurality of water-circulation
passages. Certain of the ribs have laterally directed lips under
which metal strips are inserted. The strips carry studs which
extend through the backup plates. Nuts are threadedly engaged with
the studs and drawn up tightly. The water-circulation passages are
unobstructed and all have the same hydraulic diameters, which are
constant throughout the length of the passages. Hence water flowing
through each passage has the same velocity.
Inventors: |
Auman; Paul M. (Franklin
Township, Westmoreland County, PA), Bower, Jr.; John E.
(Monroeville Borough, Allegheny County, PA), Pry; Hugh E.
(North Huntingdon Township, Westmoreland County, PA) |
Assignee: |
United States Steel Corporation
(Pittsburgh, PA)
|
Family
ID: |
23440722 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/365,872 |
Filed: |
June 1, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
164/443 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B22D
11/055 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B22D
11/055 (20060101); B22d 011/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;164/273R,283M,274,283R,283S,283MS,82,81,83,280,341,412
;249/135,158,163,165 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Husar; Francis S.
Assistant Examiner: Brown; John S.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Wood; Walter P.
Claims
1. In a continuous-casting mold which includes an open-ended liner
of heat conductive metal, and backup plates fastened to the outside
faces of said liner, said liner having a series of vertical ribs in
its outside faces defining with said backup plates a plurality of
parallel unobstructed water-circulation passages, the combination
therewith of improved means fastening said backup plates to said
liner, said means comprising opposed laterally directed lips formed
on certain of said ribs, metal strips inserted in these passages
under said lips, the latter ribs defining with said strips
additional unobstructed water-circulation passages, studs fixed to
said strips and extending through said backup plates, and nuts
2. A mold as defined in claim 1 in which said first-named passages
are of equal width and equal depth, and said additional passages
are wider and of less depth than the first-named passages, said
passages all having equal hydraulic diameters, which are constant
throughout the length of the
3. A mold as defined in claim 1 in which said strips are formed of
abutting
4. A mold as defined in claim 1 in which said strips are continuous
through
5. A mold as defined in claim 1 in which said strips are retained
in said
6. A mold as defined in claim 1 in which said strips carry knife
edges which bite into the metal of said lips.
Description
This invention relates to an improved mold for use in
continuous-casting of metals.
A conventional mold used in continuous-casting includes a liner of
metal which conducts heat readily (usually copper) and backup
plates (usually steel) fastened to the outside of the liner.
Water-circulation passages are formed between the liner and backup
plates. Both ends of the liner are open. Liquid metal is poured
continuously into the upper end, and a casting, which at this stage
has only a thin solidified skin and a liquid core, emerges from the
lower end. A number of ways are known for fastening the backup
plates to the liner. For example, studs may be welded or threaded
into the liner, and nuts may be threadedly engaged with the studs
outside the backup plates. It is known also that either the outside
faces of the liner or the inside faces of the backup plates or both
may be ribbed to form the water-circulation passages. Another known
fastening means, used in molds which have ribbed liners, is a
series of T-bolts inserted in some of the passages between ribs.
The ribs alongside these passages have laterally directed lips to
retain the heads of the T-bolts. This arrangement has the
disadvantage that the bolt heads partially obstruct the passage and
thus interfere with the water flow.
An object of our invention is to provide a continuous-casting mold
which embodies improved means fastening the backup plates to the
liner.
A further object is to provide, in a mold, a structurally sound
connection between a copper liner and steel backup plates, which
connection also enables a uniform unobstructed water flow to be
maintained through the water-circulation passages.
A more specific object is to provide a mold in which the
water-circulation passages are formed between ribs in the liner
faces, and the backup plates are fastened with metal strips
inserted in certain of the passages and studs fixed to the strips,
but in which all passages have equal hydraulic diameters constant
throughout their lengths to afford uniform velocity of cooling
water.
In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a partially diagrammatic perspective view, not to scale,
of a continuous-casting mold in which is incorporated our improved
means fastening the backup plates to the liner;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section on line II--II of FIG. 1;
and
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section on line III--III of FIG.
2.
FIG. 1 shows a continuous-casting mold which may be conventional
apart from our improved fastening means. The mold illustrated is
for casting relatively wide slabs, and comprises an open-ended
one-piece liner 10, a pair of relatively wide backup plates 12
fastened to the wide faces of the liner, and a pair of relatively
narrow backup plates 13 fastened to the narrow faces. The backup
plates have the usual water inlets and outlets 14 and 15 near the
lower and upper edges respectively. The particular mold illustrated
is only one example of a mold to which we may apply our fastening
means. For example the mold could have a four-piece liner, or it
could be of square cross section for casting billets, etc.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the outside faces of the liner 10 have
series of vertical ribs 18, 18a. The backup plate 12 abuts ribs 18
to define therewith a plurality of parallel unobstructed
water-circulation passages 19. The ribs 18a have opposed laterally
directed lips 20. We insert metal strips 21 from one end under the
lips 20. The ribs 19a and strips 21 define additional unobstructed
water-circulation passages 19a. Water flows through passages 19 and
19a to cool the liner and solidify a skin on the casting. The strip
21 in each passage may be continuous through the length of the
passage, or it may be formed of a plurality of closely abutting
segments, as FIG. 2 shows. The latter arrangement has an advantage
that it affords less stiffness and allows the mold to expand and
contract more readily. The strips carry studs 22, which may be
welded thereto or threaded into tapped holes. The studs extend
through the backup plates 12 or 13. Nuts 23 are threadedly engaged
with the studs outside the backup plates and drawn up tightly to
fasten the latter to the liner. The strips and studs may be of any
suitable metal, such as steel, since the choice is not critical.
Normally friction alone holds the strips in place, but optionally
the strips may carry knife edges 24 which bite into the softer
metal of the liner lips.
The passages 19 are all of equal width and equal depth. The
passages 19a, which accommodate the strips 21, are wider than
passages 19 and of less depth. The dimensions of passages 19a are
chosen to provide the same hydraulic diameter as passages 19. The
hydraulic diameters are constant throughout the length of each
passage. Hence water flowing through each passage 19a has the same
velocity as the water flowing through each passage 19. The
"hydraulic diameter" is defined as follows:
Hydraulic Diameter = 4 .times. Cross-sectional area of
passage/Wetted perimeter of passage
The cooling effect of water flowing through an enclosed passage is
mainly a function of the water velocity. Hence our invention
achieves substantially uniform cooling across the faces of the
liner.
The fastening means of our invention is simple and economical. The
strips 21 are retained in the passages 19a without welding. We
obtain further economy by stud-welding the studs 22 to the strips,
in preference to threading them in place. At the same time the
fastening means retains the backup plates securely to the
liner.
* * * * *