U.S. patent number 3,866,443 [Application Number 05/180,930] was granted by the patent office on 1975-02-18 for terry cloth.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Domestic Fabrics Corporation. Invention is credited to Fred E. Hunneke, Martin Traumuller.
United States Patent |
3,866,443 |
Hunneke , et al. |
February 18, 1975 |
TERRY CLOTH
Abstract
A terry cloth is manufactured on a double needle bar Raschel
warp knitting machine, said terry cloth including a tight knit
ground construction knit under greater tension than the terry
threads, which are distributed in preselected areas on the ground
construction. Both the ground construction and the terry threads
are made simultaneously as part of one knitting operation.
Inventors: |
Hunneke; Fred E. (Tenafly,
NJ), Traumuller; Martin (Dumont, NJ) |
Assignee: |
Domestic Fabrics Corporation
(Englewood, NJ)
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Family
ID: |
26876749 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/180,930 |
Filed: |
September 15, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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846755 |
Aug 1, 1969 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
66/194 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D04B
21/02 (20130101); D10B 2403/0221 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
D04B
21/02 (20060101); D04B 21/00 (20060101); D04b
007/12 (); D04b 009/12 (); D04b 011/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;66/190,191,193,195,192,194,176,87 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
paling, D. F., "Warp Knitting Technology," Columbine, London, l965,
2nd Ed., Pages 354 to 362. .
Rotenstein, C., "Manufacture of Raschel Wool and Cotton Outerwear"
Nat. Knit. Outer. Assoc., N.Y., N.Y., l955, Pages 104 to 109. .
"New Methods for Warpknit Pile and Plush Fabrics," The Hosiery
Trade Journal, Vol. 73, No. 873, Sept. l966, pp. 100 to
102..
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Primary Examiner: Feldbaum; Ronald
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Marks; Charles
Parent Case Text
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of applicants' prior
co-pending application bearing Ser. No. 846,755 and filed Aug. 1,
1969 now abandoned.
Claims
1. A terry cloth formed on a double needle bar Raschel warp
knitting machine comprising, in combination:
a. a system of threads forming a ground structure knitted upon one
said needle bar;
b. a system of terry threads being knit into the ground structure
at predetermined points;
c. said system of terry threads being chain stitches knit into the
ground structure under very little tension;
d. said system of terry threads being disposed in preselected areas
upon one side of said system of threads forming said ground
structure;
e. said system of threads forming said ground structure being
tighter knit than said system of terry threads;
f. said system of terry threads being interconnected upon said one
side of said system of threads forming said ground structure
whereby said system of terry threads are interconnected on the
terry surface of said terry
2. A method of manufacturing terry cloth upon a double needle bar
warp knitting machine comprising simultaneously forming a system of
threads forming a ground structure and a system of terry threads
knit by the front needle bar under very little tension, comprised
by chain stitches according to the following formula:
3. A terry cloth according to claim 1,
a. said system of terry threads interconnected on the terry surface
of said terry cloth including a plurality of terry loops disposed
in parallel wales;
b. each of said terry loops being interconnected with at least one
of two
4. A terry cloth according to claim 3,
a. said each of said terry loops also being interconnected with the
other of said adjacent terry loops;
b. said interconnected terry loops being in the same wale.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to fabrics which are produced on
double needle bar Raschel warp knitting machines and is
particularly concerned with a terry cloth made upon such
machines.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Heretofore, terry cloths have frequently been manufactured on
circular knitting machines. However, the nature and form of such
terry cloths have been limited by the number of feeds available on
circular knitting machines. For example, color combinations and
variations in texture have been limited in such conventionally
available terry cloths.
The present invention solves these problems.
Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide an
improved terry cloth wherein uninterrupted terry threads are knit
into a ground construction under very little or no tension and
interrupted terry threads of that kind form a variety of geometric
patterns.
Another object of the invention is to provide an improved terry
cloth which may possess a much greater range of color combinations
and a much greater variation in texture than is available in
conventional terry cloths such as those previously referred to.
Another object of the invention is to provide a terry cloth wherein
the terry threads may be formed in a striped pattern upon the
ground structure.
Another object of the invention is to provide a terry cloth which
is more moisture-absorbent and more stretchable than conventional
terry cloths.
Another object of the invention is to provide a terry cloth
comprising a tight knit ground structure and terry threads knit
into the ground structure under very little or no tension, the
opposing sides of which said terry cloth may have different
textures.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become
apparent from the following discussion when read in conjunction
with the accompanying drawings.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention comprises a terry cloth which is knitted on a
double needle bar Raschel warp knitting machine. Here, the rear
needles are employed for knitting the ground structure and both
rear and front needles are employed for knitting the terry threads
under very little or no tension and superimposing them upon the
ground structure which is knit under greater tension than the terry
threads so as to have a tighter knit construction. Both front and
rear needles operate simultaneously to form the ground structure
and terry threads which are connected to the ground structure at
predetermined points.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic, cross-sectional view of one embodiment of
the invention;
FIG. 2 is a point diagram for representing the manufacture of terry
cloth in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 3 is an alternative point diagram for representing the
manufacture of terry cloth in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 4A is a diagram of a ground or basic fabric produced in
accordance with the point diagram of FIG. 3;
FIG. 4B is a diagram of a terry stitch in accordance with the point
diagram of FIG. 3 superimposed upon the ground or basic fabric of
FIG. 4A; and
FIG. 5 is a plan view of said embodiment of the invention wherein
the ground fabric is interrupted by striped portions of the
relatively open knit fabric superimposed upon the ground
fabric.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
As shown in FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings, one embodiment of
the present invention includes two groups or systems of threads,
one of these systems being a ground structure, generally designated
by the numeral 10, and the other system of threads being terry
threads or pile threads generally designated by the numeral 11. As
hereinafter indicated, the terry threads 11 are stitched or
connected to the ground structure 10 at predetermined points. The
terry threads 11 are knit into the ground structure under very
little or no tension and the ground structure 10 is a tighter knit
construction which is knit under greater tension than the terry
threads 11, these two systems of threads thereby forming a terry
cloth.
This terry cloth is manufactured on a double needle bar Raschel
warp knitting machine according to the formula hereinafter set
forth. Since such a machine is capable of accommodating as many as
1,800 ends of yarn, each of which may have a different color and
texture, it will be seen that the resultant terry cloth may have a
corresponding wide variety of colors and textures. In addition,
since the ground fabric 10 is disposed on one side of the terry
cloth and the relatively open knit fabric 11 on the other, it will
be seen that opposing sides of the terry cloth may have different
textures, depending upon the textures of the yarn used for the
ground fabric 10 and open knit fabric 11.
The terry cloth comprised by this invention is preferably made on a
double needle bar Raschel warp knitting machine according to the
following formula, the notation of which is well known to those
persons who are skilled in the art of warp knitting: No. 1 Guide
Bar No. 2 Guide Bar 0 0 ) Stitch Stitch B 2 2 ) 2 Stitch 2 Idle ) F
0 0 2 ) Stitch Stitch B 2 4 ) 2 Stitch Idle ) 0 4 F 2 6 ) Stitch
Stitch B 0 4 ) 0 Stitch Idle ) 2 4 F 2 4 ) Stitch Stitch B 0 2 ) 0
Stitch Idle ) 2 2 F
The letters, B and F, are intended to represent the back and fron
needle bars of the double needle bar Raschel warp knitting machine
employed to form the aforesaid terry cloth.
The foregoing formula, which is commonly designated as a "lapping
formula" produces the illustrative stitch patterns 21 and 22 shown
in the point diagram of FIG. 2. The patterns 21 and 22 are
respectively produced by the No. 1 (front) guide bar and the No. 2
(rear) guide bar of the knitting machine.
As is evident from the lapping formula, there are eight successive
stitching actions of alternate back and front needle bars of the
No. 1 guide bar before the pattern is repeared. In the case of the
No. 2 guide bar, the stitch pattern 22 is also repeated after eight
successive actions, except that there are four stitching operations
which individually alternate with four idling operations.
Accordingly, the point diagram of FIG. 2 has eight successive
courses of representative needle points. The Courses are numbered
from 1 through 8, beginning with the bottom row of the diagram
along its right-hand margin. A ninth course, number 9, indicated by
the top row of the diagram, shows the position at which the
stitching pattern begins to be repeated. The points in alternate
horizontal rows represent needle heads of alternate back and front
needle bars and are numbered from 1 to 7 and right to left at the
bottom of the diagram to designate representative needle
positions.
Since the overall stitch pattern is the same for each set of
courses, there being one point from each point in a set, the single
pattern 21, which corresponds to the lapping formula entries for
the No. 1 guide bar, illustrates the operation of that bar and,
correspondingly, the single pattern 22, which corresponds to the
lapping formula entries for the No. 2 guide bar, illustrates the
operation of that bar.
In addition, at the top of the point diagram of FIG. 2, the spaces
between the needle head positions for the pattern 21 are numbered 0
and 2, while the spaces between the needle heads for the pattern 22
are numbered 0, 2, 4 and 6. The positions of the inter-needle 0's,
i.e., to the right of the patterns 21 and 22, are determined by the
positions of the guide bar traversing mechanism, which
illustrativelt is at the right side of the machine. It is apparent
that the designations of the inter-needle positions are relative
and any convenient origin and numbering scheme may be selected.
Each successive pair of column entries of the lapping formula,
beginning at the top, indicates a pair of inter-needle positions in
FIG. 2, beginning at the bottom. Thus, the first pair of entries
0,2 (for the back needle bar B) in the lapping formula for the No.
1 guide bar, produces that portion 21a of the stitch 21 that
extends in a counterclockwise direction from inter-needle position
0 to inter-needle position 2 above a needle point designated
N.sub.15 in the first course. The subscript notation used for the
needle points in FIG. 2 indicates the row and column position of
the designated points. Thus, the designation N.sub.15 indicates
that the associated needle is in the 1st row (bottom course) of the
5th column (needle position). The second stitch of the pattern 21
about needle point N.sub.25 is produced by the front needle bar F,
in accordance with the second pair of entries of the lapping
formula for the position 0. Between needle points N.sub.15 and
N.sub.25 the stitch moves along inter-needle position 2.
Subsequently, as indicated by the lapping formula, the stitch moves
along position 0 to needle point N.sub.35 where it forms a
counterclockwise open loop to position 2. The stitch pattern 21
then proceeds as indicated about successive needle points N.sub.45,
N.sub.55, N.sub.65, N.sub.75 and N.sub.85. The pattern 21 then
begins to be repeated beginning with needle point N.sub.95.
Stitch 22 is produced by the entries in the lapping formula for the
No. 2 guide bar. The first pair of entries 0, 2 for the back needle
bar B produces an open loop about needle point N.sub.11 extending
from inter-needle position 0 to inter-needle position 2. The next
entry 2 is for the idling motion of the front needle bar F and is
indicated in FIG. 2 by the diagonal line that extends from the
vicinity of needle point N.sub.11 to the vicinity of needle point
N.sub.32. The next pair of entries 2,4 produces an open loop about
needle point N.sub.32, followed by an idling motion corresponding
to the idle entry 4 and an open loop about needle point N.sub.53
for the entries 6,4. The direction of the stitch pattern 22 is now
reversed. The remainder of the pattern 22 entails idling along
inter-needle position 4; an open loop for the entries 4,2 about
needle point N.sub.72 ; and idling along position 2 towards needle
N.sub.91. At this latter point the pattern begins its repetition,
and the stitch corresponds to that at needle point N.sub.11.
When all needles are operating, the result is a composite pattern
P.sub.1 shown at the left side of the point diagram of FIG. 2.
It is evident from the formula, as illustrated in FIG. 2, that the
pattern 21 is a chain stitch in which there is traverse of a single
needle, while the pattern 22 is a base stitch which traverses three
needle positions. Accordinly, the invention results in a stitched
terry cloth with a set of stitches of the type 21 upon a ground
pattern fabric with a set of stitches of the type 22.
The foregoing lapping formula permits many obvious variations which
are in keeping with the invention. One such alternative is set
forth below.
______________________________________ No. 1 Guide Bar No. 2 Guide
Bar ______________________________________ 2 B 2 0 0 2 F 2 0 2 2 B
4 0 F 4 0 4 2 B 6 2 F 4 2 4 0 B 2 2 F 2
______________________________________
A representative stitch pattern 31 corresponding to the alternative
lapping formula for the No. 1 guide bar is shown in FIG. 3, along
with a representative stitch pattern 32 for the No. 2 guide
bar.
As indicated by FIG. 3, the stitch pattern 31 is merely the inverse
of the stitch pattern 21 of FIG. 2, while the stitch pattern 32 is
like the pattern 22, except that loops 32a and 32e and 32j, which
are at positions corresponding to needle points N.sub.11, N.sub.53
and N.sub.91 of FIG. 2, are completely closed instead of being
open.
The Pattern P2 of FIG. 3 is a superposition of the various patterns
of the type 31 or 32 of FIG. 3.
The basic fabric formed by stitches of the type 32 is shown in FIG.
4A, in which the illustrative stitch pattern 42 corresponds to a
mirror image of the pattern 32 in FIG. 3, with the loop 42a
corresponding to the loop 32a, the loop 42e corresponding to the
loop 32e and the loop 42j corresponding to the loop 32j.
When the terry stitching produced in accordance with patterns of
the type 31 are superimposed upon the base fabric of FIG. 4A, as
shown in FIG. 4B, the terry loop 41a corresponds to the loop 31a of
FIG. 3. Similarly, the loop 41c corresponds to loop 31c and loop
41g corresponds to loop 31g.
It will be seen from the foregoing that the terry cloth of the
present invention is formed by continuous knitting by the rear
needles of the Raschel machine to form the ground structure 10 and
simultaneous knitting by both the front and rear needles of said
machine to form the system of terry threads 11, which is stitched
to one side of the system of threads forming the ground structure
10. Thus, as will be seen in FIG. 4B, the terry threads are
stitched to the system of threads forming the ground structure at
predetermined points as, for example, in courses indicated
generally by the numerals 100, 101, 102, 103 wherein loops 42k,
42l, 42m, 42n of the system of threads forming the ground structure
are connected with the terry threads, thereby anchoring them to the
ground structure and providing a corresponding strength and
stability. It will be seen that the terry loops are disposed
intermediately of the said courses; but it is to be understood that
other stitching arrangements may be resorted to whereby other
interconnections may be had between the systems of threads forming
the ground structure and the terry threads.
It is also to be understood that the size of the terry loops in the
foregoing arrangements is determined by the distance between the
trick plates in the double needle bar Raschel warp knitting machine
which may be varied so as to determine the height and openness of
the terry pile and the size of the loops thereof, all of which is
well known to persons skilled in the art.
When desired, the system of threads comprising the terry threads 11
11 may be distributed in preselected areas on the system of threads
forming the ground structure 10. Thus, as may be seen in FIG. 5,
the surface of the system of threads forming the ground structure
10 may be interrupted by the system of threads comprising the terry
threads 11 to form stripes as shown. Other geometric forms may also
be availed of.
The embodiments of the invention illustrated and described
hereinabove have been selected for the purpose of clearly setting
forth the principles involved. It will be apparent, however, that
the present invention is susceptible to being modified in respect
to details of construction, combination and arrangement of parts
which may be resorted to without departure from the spirit and
scope of the invention as claimed.
* * * * *