U.S. patent number 3,865,434 [Application Number 05/381,512] was granted by the patent office on 1975-02-11 for rotating wheelchair arm.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Everest & Jennings, Inc.. Invention is credited to Fenton F. Sully.
United States Patent |
3,865,434 |
Sully |
February 11, 1975 |
Rotating wheelchair arm
Abstract
A movable wheelchair arm rest which is pivotally mounted on a
pair of rotating links to move arcuately between forward and rear
positions, the rear position allowing access to the side of the
chair. The arm includes interconnecting means which mate with
interconnecting means on the wheelchair frame to securely and
rigidly anchor the arm in both the forward and rear positions.
Inventors: |
Sully; Fenton F. (Encino,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Everest & Jennings, Inc.
(Los Angeles, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
23505328 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/381,512 |
Filed: |
July 20, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
297/411.33;
297/DIG.4; 5/430 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61G
5/1054 (20161101); A61G 5/12 (20130101); A61G
5/125 (20161101); Y10S 297/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47C
7/54 (20060101); A61G 5/12 (20060101); A61G
5/00 (20060101); A47c 007/54 () |
Field of
Search: |
;297/411,412,416,417,422,DIG.4,7,10,11 ;5/331,317B,100,52
;74/519,522,525,526 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gilliam; Paul R.
Assistant Examiner: Dorner; Kenneth J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Knobbe, Martens, Olson, Hubbard
& Bear
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A wheelchair, comprising:
a wheelchair frame;
an armrest, said armrest including a first interconnecting anchor
member, said first interconnecting member being a hollow square
tuube depending from and rigidly attached to said armrest;
a pair of links, each pivotally mounted at one end to said frame
and at the opposite end to said armrest to provide arcuate movement
of said armrest relative said frame between a first and a second
position; and
a second interconnecting member, said second interconnecting member
comprising an upstanding dog which is rectangular in cross section
and rigidly attached to said wheelchair frame, said second
interconnecting member having a trapezoidal upper extremity, said
first and second interconnecting members positioned to engage with
one another when said armrest is in said first position.
2. A wheelchair, comprising:
a wheelchair frame;
an armrest, said armrest including a first interconnecting anchor
member;
a pair of links, each pivotally mounted at one end to said frame
and at the opposite end to said armrest to provide arcuate movement
of said armrest relative said frame between a first and a second
position;
a second interconnecting member, attached to said wheelchair frame,
said first and second interconnecting members positioned to engage
with one another when said armrest is in said first position;
and
means for adjusting the center of rotation of each of said pair of
links relative said wheelchair frame.
3. A wheelchair as defined in claim 2, wherein said means for
adjusting the center of rotation comprises:
a tubular sleeve rigidly connected to said wheelchair frame;
a bushing mounted for rotation within said tubular sleeve, said
bushing having an eccentric bore therein; and
means for pivotally mounting one of said pair of links to said
eccentric bore.
4. A wheelchair having a retractable wheelchair arm for attachment
to the side of the wheelchair, comprising:
a wheelchair frame;
an armrest;
a pair of pivot links;
means for pivotally connecting one end of each of said pair of
pivot links to said wheelchair frame;
means for pivotally connecting the other end of each of said pair
of pivot links to said armrest; and
means for adjusting the center of rotation of one of said pivotally
connecting means with respect to said wheelchair frame to adjust
the position of said armrest relative said wheelchair frame.
5. A wheelchair having a retractable wheelchair arm for attachment
to the side of a wheelchair as defined in claim 4, wherein said
means for adjusting the center of rotation comprises:
a hollow tubular sleeve rigidly mounted to said wheelchair
frame;
a bushing mounted for rotation within said sleeve, said bushing
including an eccentric bore; and
means for pivotally mounting one of said pair of pivot links to
said eccentric bore.
6. A wheelchair having a retractable wheelchair arm for attachment
to the side of a wheelchair as defined in claim 4, wherein said
means for adjusting the center of rotation of one of said pivotally
connecting means with respect to said wheelchair frame adjusts the
center of rotation of said pair of pivot links with respect to said
wheelchair frame.
7. A retractable wheelchair arm for attachment to the side of a
wheelchair, comprising:
a framework including upper and lower horizontal members and
forward and rear vertical members, all rigidly attached to one
another;
means attached to said lower horizontal member for mounting said
framework for arcuate movement relative said wheelchair, said means
maintaining said horizontal framework members substantially
horizontal during such arcuate movement;
means for rigidly interengaging said framework to said wheelchair
in at least one position along the path of said arcuate movement;
and
means for adjusting the position of said path of said arcuate
movement relative said wheelchair.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to movable armrests for wheelchairs and more
particularly to a wheelchair arm which may be conveniently moved
between two alternate positions, the arm being rigidly anchored in
each position to provide safety and comfort for the wheelchair
occupant. Movement of the arm is desirable to permit convenient
access to and from the side of the wheelchair for the occupant.
Although the need for a movable or removable armrest for
wheelchairs has long been recognized, particularly to enable
patients who have lost the use of their legs to slide sideways onto
or off of the chair onto a bed, chair, etc, prior art devices have
tended to compromise either the degree of possible movement of the
movable arm or, in the alternative, the sturdiness of the arm's
attachment to the chair and have therefore solved the problem only
at the expense of either safety and comfort or convenience. The
most apparent solution to the problem is a totally removable
armrest, which, for example, commonly includes members which
telescope into supporting members attached to the wheelchair frame.
However, it is readily recognized by those skilled in this art that
this solution permits convenient access to the chair but results in
the likelihood of a loss of the armrest or the difficulty of
locating a convenient place to store the armrest when it is
removed. In addition, in order that the telescoping fit be
relatively secure, the interconnection must be a close fit and many
handicapped persons are unable, by themselves, to reengage the
armrest once it has been removed from the chair.
Some prior art devices have used rotating links for pivoting the
arm between a forward and rear position. Such armrests however have
utilized the pivoting connection of the links as the only source of
lateral support for the armrest, resulting an arm which in either
the forward or rear position tends to wobble toward and away from
the center of the chair, making the armrest both uncomfortable and
unsafe.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore the purpose of this invention to provide a
wheelchair armrest which is conveniently movable by a disabled
occupant from a normal forward position to a retracted alternate
position, which armrest is rigidly secured to the wheelchair frame
in each of these positions to provide both safety and comfort.
In accordance with this purpose, the armrest is pivotally mounted
at the end of a pair of rotating connecting links, the alternate
end of each of these links being, in turn, pivotally connected to
the wheelchair frame. This pivotal connection permits the
wheelchair arm to move arcuately between two positions removed from
one another by approximately twice the length of the pivoting
links. Such an arrangement permits a substantial forward and
rearward movement of the wheelchair arm to provide convenient
access from the side of the wheelchair when the arm has been
retracted. In addition, sockets are provided on the wheelchair
frame which engage with members which extend from the movable arm
so as to securely support the arm against the lateral movement in
both the forward and rearward position. These sockets are
constructed to permit the arm to arcuately enter the sockets while
still providing the necessary support. The result is an extremely
rigid arm construction when the arm is in either the forward or
rear position, thus substantially enhancing the comfort and safety
of the wheelchair occupant and permitting the occupant to use the
arm, even in its rear position, as a source of support as he is
moving into and out of the chair.
These and other advantages of the present invention are better
understood through the following detailed description which makes
reference to the drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wheelchair embodying the rotating
arm of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of the wheelchair of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a detailed perspective view of the mounting members used
for attaching the rotating wheelchair arm shown in FIG. 1, these
members being removed from the wheelchair to better detail the
construction thereof;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along lines 4--4 of FIG. 3;
and
FIG. 5 is a view, partially in section, taken along lines 5--5 of
FIG. 3 showing a portion of the underside of the interconnecting
link attached to the rotating arm.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring initially to FIGS. 1 and 2, the typical wheelchair
construction is shown, along with the rotating armrest of the
present invention. The typical wheelchair construction includes a
pair of driving wheels 11 and 13 which are pivotally mounted at
their hub to a pair of rear vertical members 15 and 17,
respectively. In addition, a pair of caster wheels 19 and 21 are
mounted at the junction of a pair of forward vertical members 23,
25 and a pair of lower horizontal structural members 27, 29,
respectively. Upper horizontal structural members 31, 33 on either
side of the wheelchair frame complete the basic frame structure.
The structural members 15, 23, 27 and 31 and the corresponding
structural members on the alternate side of the wheelchair are
rigidly attached to one another to form a basic structural side
member of the chair. These members are, in turn, connected through
a seat structure 35 to one another to form a rigid rolling platform
or frame to which the backrest 37 and the rotating arms of the
present invention are attached. It should be noted that the
backrest 37 is narrower than the total distance between the wheels
11 and 13 by an amount sufficient to permit movement of a pair of
armrests 39 and 41 between the backrest 37 and the wheels 11 and
13, respectively.
Since the manner of attaching each of the rotating armrests 39 and
41 to the wheelchair is identical, only the connecting mechanism
for the armrest 39 will be described.
The details of the preferred embodiment of the rotating wheelchair
arm of the present invention may now be described, particularly in
reference to FIGS. 3-5. The wheelchair arm 39 itself is constructed
in almost the identical manner in which a removable wheelchair arm
is constructed, and thus includes forward and rear vertical
structural members 43 and 45, an upper horizontal structural member
47 on which is rigidly attached a pad member 49, and a lower
horizontal structure member 51. It will be recognized that the
structural members 43, 45, 47 and 51 are rigidly attached to one
another and therefore form the structural framework of the armrest.
A wheel guard 52 is conveniently attached to the vertical
structural members 43 and 45 to assure that the wheelchair occupant
does not slide sideways from the chair to contact the driving wheel
11.
Depending from the lower horizontal member 51 are a pair of square
tubular members 53 and 55 which, as will be explained below, form
the first half of a pair of interconnecting anchor members which
are used to anchor the armrest 39 in either the forward or rear
position. Pivotally attached to each of these square tubular
members 53 and 55, as by pivotal mounting means 57 and 59, are a
pair of rotating links 61 and 63. These links include an opening at
the upper end to accommodate the pivotal mounting means 57 and 59
and include a similar aperture in their opposite ends. The lower
end of the rotating links 61 and 63 are pivotally attached to the
upper horizontal frame member 31 of the wheelchair body in a manner
which will be more fully described below.
Rigidly mounted upon the upper horizontal structural member 31 of
the wheelchair body are a pair of upstanding interconnecting dog
members 65 and 67, each of which has a rectangular cross section
throughout its upstanding portion but each of which is conveniently
constructed in elevation, as shown in FIG. 3, in the form of a
trapezoid. This trapezoidal shape permits the interconnecting
square tubular members 53 and 55 to firmly engage the base of
interconnecting members 65 and 67 while also permitting movement of
the square tubular members 53 and 55 to and from such engagement in
an arcuate pattern. The base of the trapezoidal section, that is,
the distance between a front face 69 and a rear face 71 on the
interlocking member 65 and the corresponding distance on the
interlocking member 67 closely approximates the distance between
the forward inside surface 73 and the rear inside surface 75 of the
interconnecting square tubular member 53 so that, when the
interconnecting member 53 is pushed down over the interconnecting
member 65, a snug fit exists between these interconnecting members
in a longitudinal direction. Even more importantly, the thickness
of the interconnecting member 65 closely aproximates the width of
the square tubular opening of the interconnecting member 53. Each
of these interconnecting members is made sufficiently long to
permit substantial interengagement, so that once the arm 39 has
been depressed fully to engage the pairs of interlocking members
53, 65 and 55, 67, the wheelchair arm 39 is rigidly and sturdily
supported to prevent movement both longitudinally along the
wheelchair frame and laterally toward and away from the center of
the wheelchair.
At the base of each of the dog members 65 and 67, as best shown in
FIG. 3, is an adjoining base element 66 and 68, respectively,
which, in addition to facilitating firm mounting of the dog members
65 and 67 to the upper horizontal structural member 31 of the
wheelchair body, provide a pair of wedge-shaped grooves 70 and 72
which receive one wall of the square tubular members 53 and 55,
respectively, so that the wheelchair armrest 39 may be firmly
wedged in either the forward or retracted position.
When the wheelchair arm 39 is raised to disengage the pairs of
interconnecting members 53, 65 and 55, 67, it may be moved
arcuately as the links 61 and 63 rotate. As previously stated, the
trapezoidal shape of members 65 and 67 allows this arcuate
movement. This movement retracts the arm 39 to a rear or retracted
position as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 2. In this position, the
square tubular interconnecting member 53 engages the
interconnecting member 67 on the wheelchair frame so that, even in
this retracted position, the close fit between these
interconnecting members makes the wheelchair arm 37 sufficiently
rigid against longitudianl and lateral movement to assure comfort
and safety to the wheelchair occupant.
It will be recognized that the interconnecting square tubular
members 53 and 55 are rigidly attached to the lower horizontal
frame member 51 of the arm 37 and that the upstanding
interconnecting members 65 and 67 are rigidly attached to the upper
horizontal structural member 31 of the wheelchair frame. While it
is possible to construct the wheelchair frame and the wheelchair
arm 39 so that the distance between the upstanding interconnecting
members 65 and 67 is identical to the distance between the square
tubular interconnecting members 53 and 55 so that, in the forward
position of the wheelchair arm 39, each of the interconnecting
pairs can properly engage, it is extremely difficult to construct
the pivotal mounting mechanism for the rotating links 61 and 63 to
a sufficient accuracy to assure that the interconnecting members
properly engage in both the forward and retracted positions.
Therefore, as is shown in FIG. 4, the lower pivotal connection of
each of the rotating links 61 and 63 is advantageously constructed
in an adjustable fashion so that as the wheelchair is assembled
adjustment can be made to assure proper interconnection of the
wheelchair arm 37 with the wheelchair frame to assure a sturdy
assembly.
The rotating link 61 is pivotally mounted to a bushing 77 as by a
screw 79 which fits sufficiently loosely within an aperture 81
within the rotating link 61 to provide rotation. A similar pivotal
connection is utilized at the opposite end of the link 61. The
screw 79 mates with a threaded bore 83 which is eccentric to the
axis of the bushing 77. The bushing 77 fits within a tubular sleeve
85 which is rigidly attached, as by braising or welding, to the
upper horizontal structural member 31 of the wheelchair frame. The
bushing 77 may advantageously include a threaded extension 87 at
one extremity which, through a washer 89 and a nut 91, provides for
secure mounting of the bushing 77 within the sleeve 85.
During assembly of the chair, the nut 91 and a corresponding nut
used for the mounting of a rotating link 63 is loosened and the
interconnecting members 53, 65 and 55, 67 are brought into
engagement by rotating the bushing 77 within the sleeve 85, using
the eccentricity of the bore 83 to adjust for proper alignment. The
nuts 91 may now be tightened and it will be appreciated that the
eccentric positioning of the threaded bore 83 accomplishes an
adjustment of the lower pivotal connection of the rotating arm 61
and 63 to assure a proper pivoting point for the arcuate movement
of the arm 39 to assure proper interconnection of these members. It
should also be recognized that the length of each of the rotating
pivot arms 61 and 63 may be made sufficiently precise so that once
the wheelchair arm 39 properly engages the wheelchair frame in the
forward position, proper engagement in the rear position, that is,
when the square tubular interconnecting member 53 engages the
upstanding interconnecting member 67, is assured.
From the preceding description it will be recognized that the
rotating links 61 and 63 are used for convenient movement of the
arm between the forward and rearward position but are not dependent
upon as the sole means of supporting the arm in either of these
positions, that function being primarily achieved by the
interconnection of members 53, 65, 55 and 67. The links 61 and 63
also assure that the horizontal members 47 and 51 remain
substantially horizontal during movement of the arm. Thus, a
significantly more sturdy construction is permitted since the
pivotal connections of the links 61 and 63 are necessarily
sufficiently loose to permit rotation, but since the members 53,
65, 55 and 67 may be made to engage very securely to anchor the
wheelchair arm 39.
* * * * *