U.S. patent number 3,865,203 [Application Number 05/339,260] was granted by the patent office on 1975-02-11 for scaffold drive and steering unit.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Anne Marie Hibma. Invention is credited to James Hibma.
United States Patent |
3,865,203 |
Hibma |
February 11, 1975 |
SCAFFOLD DRIVE AND STEERING UNIT
Abstract
Drive and steering attachments for application to and use with
scaffold units of the type used in connection with construction and
maintenance activities. A reversible drive motor associated with
one scaffold support drive and steered wheel propels the scaffold
and a motorized steering apparatus having an operative anchor that
is fixed with respect to the scaffold unit moves the drive and
steered wheel pivotally with respect to a vertically disposed axis
of said scaffold for the directional control of said scaffold. The
drive and steering motors are connected to a control panel that is
movable to various elevated and/or remote locations. A power cord
having a pivotally mounted and spring biased trailing arm is
attached to the scaffold to prevent trapping of or damage to the
power cord.
Inventors: |
Hibma; James (Westminster,
CO) |
Assignee: |
Hibma; Anne Marie (Westminster,
CO)
|
Family
ID: |
23328202 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/339,260 |
Filed: |
March 8, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
180/2.1; 182/16;
180/65.6; 180/253; 180/443 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04G
5/00 (20130101); E04G 1/24 (20130101); E04G
1/28 (20130101); B60K 17/043 (20130101); B60L
2220/46 (20130101); E04G 2001/244 (20130101); B60K
2007/0046 (20130101); B60K 2007/0061 (20130101); B60Y
2200/49 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B60K
7/00 (20060101); E04G 1/24 (20060101); E04G
1/00 (20060101); E04G 1/28 (20060101); E04G
5/00 (20060101); B60k 007/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;180/11,12,13,52,65F,65R,79,79.1,15,16,2 ;182/13,63,16 ;248/51,54R
;191/12R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Betts; Kenneth H.
Assistant Examiner: Siemens; Terrance L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Messenger; C. B.
Parent Case Text
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
The present application is copending with respect to an earlier
application of the same title filed Jan. 4, 1971, by this inventor
and bearing Ser. No. 103,555, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,731,758. The
subject matter and objectives of both applications are similar, but
the developments represent separate inventions.
Claims
I claim:
1. A drive and steering attachment for scaffolding type supports
having upright standards that in scaffolding usage may be mateably
engaged one above another when multi-stages are to be used and
wherein each of said upright standards are further adapted to
receive separate supporting wheel attachments when increased
mobility is advantageous comprising a plurality of separable and
separate wheel attachments for said support with a wheel attachment
for each upright standard, wheels for each said attachment, frame
components for each attachment, wheel axles on said frame
components for the rotative support of said wheels, means for
separately and selectively engaging each of said wheel attachments
with the upright standards of said supports, means facilitating the
rotative movement of a first one of said frame components with
respect to the vertically disposed axis of its associated upright
standard to provide a castor type mounting therefor, an anchor
element in non-moving relationship with respect to said associated
upright standard, motive drive means interconnecting said anchor
element and said first frame component to provide a steerable
castor wheel attachment whereby said first frame component and its
associated wheel may be rotated to alternate radially directed
positions with respect to the axis of its associated upright
standard and said support, a mount adjacent said same first frame
component and its wheel attachment, a motor drive unit on said
mount and interconnected to the wheel of said first frame component
and attachment to power rotative movement of said wheel about its
axle, and power control apparatus interconnected to said motive
drive means and said motor drive unit whereby an operator may
conveniently steer and drive said support unit.
2. The combination as set forth in claim 1 and further comprising
at least one additional castor wheel type attachment for the
support of said scaffolding.
3. The combination as set forth in claim 2 wherein said additional
castor wheel attachment is rotatable to alternate radial positions
independently of the movement pattern for said steerable castor
wheel attachment and the motive drive means associated
therewith.
4. The combination as set forth in claim 1 wherein said steerable
castor wheel attachment is rotatable to full circle radial
positions.
5. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein said anchor element
is disposed at the upright standard for said steerable castor wheel
attachment.
6. The combination set forth in claim 5 wherein said anchor element
is concentrically disposed with respect to the axis of the upright
standard for said steerable castor wheel attachment.
7. The combination set forth in claim 6 wherein the motive drive
means interconnected to said anchor element moves orbitally about
said anchor element to steer said steerable castor wheel
attachment.
8. The combination of claim 5 wherein said power control apparatus
is inclusive of a panel box disposed on the said first frame
component.
9. The combination set forth in claim 8 and additionally comprising
a flexible type power transmission element interconnecting said
motive drive means and the anchor of said steerable castor wheel
attachment.
10. The combination set forth in claim 9 and additionally
comprising a limit stop component disposed for engagement by said
power transmission element to limit the steering rotation of said
steerable castor wheel attachment.
11. The combination set forth in claim 10 wherein said panel box is
positioned as a guard for the said limit stop and the pinch areas
for said flexible type power transmission element.
12. The combination set forth in claim 1 and further comprising a
power cord for trailed disposition from said drive and steering
attachment, a power cord guide for attachment to said scaffold
support, a trailing arm for said guide, a pivot mount for said arm,
a fastener for engaging said cord to said trailing arm, and an
elastic element for biasing said trailing arm to a first trailing
position with movement away therefrom resiliently deforming said
elastic element whereby said cord is freed from entrapment by the
scaffold support wheels as said trailing arm returns to said first
position.
13. In wheel mounted mobile apparatus to be powered from a fixed
electrical power outlet and, accordingly, utilizing a power cord, a
power cord guide attachment for use on said mobile apparatus,
comprising mounting means for securing said guide attachment to
said mobile apparatus for movement therewith, a trailing arm for
said guide attachment, a pivot on said mounting means for rotatably
holding one end of said trailing arm, a fastener at a free end of
said trailing arm for engaging said cord to the trailing arm, an
elastic element for biasing said trailing arm to a first trailing
position directed away from the wheels of said apparatus with
movement away from said first position due to forces applied by
said power cord resiliently deforming said elastic element whereby
the cord is freed from entrapment by any wheels of said apparatus
by the return forces of said elastic element that tend to return
the free end of said trailing arm toward said first position and,
accordingly, away from any cord entrapping wheel.
14. The combination as set forth in claim 13 and further comprising
tension adjusting means for regulating the forces exerted by said
elastic element.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In connection with construction or maintenance operations, it is
often advantageous for a workman to have a scaffold support so that
he can work at high elevations with safety. Where ceilings or
utilities are being installed or where lighting and heating systems
are to be maintained, a rolling type scaffold is often used that
may be conveniently moved to various work locations. Manipulation
of the usual castor wheel supported scaffold generally requires an
additional workman who can push and guide the scaffold and the
workmen supported thereby to successive work stations. In order to
avoid this obvious misuse of labor, others have previously devised
scaffold propelling and steering systems that may be operated by a
workman at his elevated work station. In general, the previous
systems have been quite expensive. It is believed that the overall
expense and the inconvenience of using and storing prior types of
steering and drive apparatus have been detrimental to the
widespread use of such systems. The present invention is intended
to overcome shortcomings of the previous systems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Briefly stated, the present invention provides attachments that may
be applied to wheel supported scaffold units to propel the units
and to steer the entire scaffold so that a single workman can move
the scaffold and himself to successive work stations. Steering and
drive functions are combined in a single attachment for application
to one upright support of the scaffolding. The attachment itself
provides an anchor component for fixed positioning with respect to
the scaffold upright support, and the major drive and steering
components pivot with respect to such anchor and support. Motive
drive means interconnect the provided anchor and the pivoting
components to steer the attachment, while drive power for moving
the attachment and scaffold is applied to the wheel of such
attachment. A power cord guide having a pivotally mounted spring
biased trailing arm is attached to the scaffolding to prevent
damage to the power cord.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the
invention,
FIG. 2 is a side elevation showing a power cord guide,
FIG. 3 is a top plan view showing features of the present
embodiment,
FIG. 4 is a front elevation of the present embodiment, and
FIG. 5 is a side elevation of such embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 1-5. For
this particular embodiment of the invention the drive and steering
functions and operations are combined in a single attachment unit
70 that is applied to a single upright standard 77 of the scaffold
unit 71. As in the mentioned previous application, this scaffold
unit 71 is inclusive of end frames 72 and 73 joined together by
cross braces 74. The upright standards 76 for the scaffold unit 71
and the standard 77 are all of the same type so that any particular
scaffold unit is adapted for mating engagement in stacked
arrangement with other scaffold units. The upright standard 77 to
which the drive and steering unit 70 is applied is identical with
all the remaining upright standards 76 and the drive and steering
unit 70 could, accordingly, be affixed to any of the upright
standards. While a single scaffold height is shown, the upper ends
78 of the upright standards are all adapted to receive the
standards of mated scaffold units so that the entire scaffold
system used on a maintenance or construction site could be two or
more scaffold units high.
For convenience of usage the particular scaffold unit 71
illustrated is provided with pneumatic wheel supports. The wheel
supports 81 applied to the upright standards 76 are all of the
castor wheel type. These wheels, which may be of the type already
used for the rolling support of construction scaffolds, usually
have a socket or plug (not shown) adapted for mating engagement
with the upright standards of the particular type of scaffold being
used. The wheel supports 81 conventionally provide a thrust bearing
82 that facilitates turning movements of the wheels with respect to
the associated standards 76. When used with a single attachment
unit 70, the two rear wheels at the opposite end of the scaffold 71
should be locked or held in fixed straight-ahead position for best
control of scaffold maneuvering operations. Pneumatic tires are
used where the scaffold unit is to be used over rough floors or
uneven terrain. The drive and steering unit attachment 70 applied
to the upright standard 77 is of overall height corresponding to
the height of the castor support wheels 81. Accordingly, such a
unit 70 may be applied to any of the upright standards 76 in
substitution for the castor wheel units 81.
The single attachment unit 70 provides both drive and steering
capability so that the entire scaffold 71 may be moved along random
paths from one work position to another. A remote control unit 49
is provided which may be selectively attached to a cross bar 52 of
scaffold unit 71 at a position adjacent a work platform 53. Control
unit 49 is interconnected to the drive and steering unit 70 by a
cable 84 which is of sufficient length so that the control unit 49
may be moved to higher elevations as the work platform is raised.
Similarly the control unit 49 can be hand carried by workmen at the
floor level when the scaffold is to be moved from one work site to
another. A power cord 88 is also utilized to deliver power to the
drive and steering attachment and specifically to a panel box 89
thereof. Since remote switching components may be positioned within
the panel box 89, the cable 84 may be of small wire and still carry
the signals for regulating the steering, driving and speed control
operations of the drive and steering unit 70.
As in the mentioned previous application, separate drive and
steering motors 87 and 91 are used. Drive motor 87 serves to
revolve the wheel 92 while the steering motor 91 operates to move
the wheel mount forks 96 pivotally with respect to the axis of its
associated upright standard 77.
A beneficial arrangement of these components is more fully shown in
FIGS. 3, 4 and 5. In these Figs. it will be noted that drive and
steering unit 70 is adapted for attachment to its upright standard
77 when connector plug 97 is moved reciprocally into engagement in
the hollow center 98 of the standard 77. Plug 97 is of size to be
closely engaged by the standard 77 so that a proportionate load of
the scaffold will be efficiently transmitted to the supporting
wheel 92. When the attachment assembly is in its fully engaged
position as shown in FIG. 5, the end of standard 77 will be passed
through a center opening 99 (FIG. 3) in an anchor sprocket 101 to
be engaged directly against a base plate 102. The base plate 102 is
similar in construction to plates provided at each of the castor
wheels 81. The base plate structure 102 and the forks 96 move
rotatably one with respect to another, inasmuch as a thrust bearing
103 is interposed between such base plate and the supporting
structure for the forks 96. The anchor sprocket 101, which is
slightly raised above the base plate 102, is rigidly attached
thereto by a plurality of spacers 104. A lock socket 106 is
positioned above the anchor sprocket 101. A plurality of threaded
lock pins 107 and 108 are engaged to the socket 106 for extension
therewithin to engage the exterior walls of the standard 77. With
this arrangement and with the standard 77 disposed about the plug
97 and extended through the anchor sprocket 101, the set screws 107
and 108 are turned inwardly to hold the anchor sprocket 101 and
base plate 102 in fixed position with respect to the standard 77.
With this arrangement the support wheel 92 is still free to move
pivotally with respect to the standard 77 due to the interposed
thrust bearing 103. In order to power turning movement of the
support wheel 92 and its associated forks 96, a steering motor 91
is used. This steering motor 91 is mounted on an extension 116 of a
base frame 114. The base frame 114 is itself rigidly attached to
the wheel support forks 96 as by welding or similar fastening
means. The steering motor 91 includes a gear reduction drive 111 so
an increased torque force at slower speed will be delivered by the
shaft 112 to a drive sprocket 113. A drive chain 117 interconnects
the driving sprocket 113 and anchor sprocket 101. Tension
adjustments may be made for drive chain 117, since the steering
motor 91 is mounted on frame extension 116 by a plurality of
adjustable mount bolts 118.
With the described arrangement, power from the steering motor 91
will cause rotation of drive sprocket 113, but since the anchor
sprocket 101 cannot move with respect to the upright standard 77,
the drive sprocket 113 will itself be caused to move orbitally
about such anchor sprocket 101. As drive sprocket 113 and steering
motor 91 are thus caused to move orbitally, the frame 114 will be
moved in similar manner thus rotating the support forks 96 of the
wheel 92. This arrangement, accordingly, provides for directional
steering of the scaffold support wheel 92.
For the present apparatus the powered rotation of the support wheel
92 is attained in a manner similar to that described in the
mentioned previous patent. A drive motor 87 is disposed on the base
frame 114 and is held in position thereon by a mount bolt 119. A
drive sprocket 121 on the shaft of jthe drive motor is connected by
a chain 122 to a sprocket 123 on a jack shaft 124. As in the
previous patent, the jack shaft has an output sprocket 131 that is
connected to a driven sprocket 133 for rotating the axle 134 of
drive and support wheel 92. Adjustable mounting bolts 136 are
provided to move the jack shaft mount reciprocally with respect to
the frame 114 to adjust the tension in the motor drive chain 122
and in the wheel drive chain 132. A drill motor as illustrated may
be used for the drive motor 87. Inasmuch as such drill motor could
already incorporate a gear reduction drive, a substantial torque
force can be delivered to the wheel 92.
Except for the possibility of entanglement of power or control
cords or cables, the support wheel 92 could be freely rotated in
excess of 360.degree.. Operation of the device at work sites has
indicated, however, that even though full 360.degree. rotation is
desired or required, some turning limitation should be imposed both
to avoid destructive entanglement of the power and control cables
and to eliminate other job site abuses. In order to limit steering
rotation of the drive and steering wheel 92, microswitches are
disposed within the panel box 89. Contact arms 137 for such
microswitches are positioned beneath the box 89 in a position
guarded by such box and also in position to be engaged by limit
stops 138 mounted on the steering drive chain 117. When the arms
137 are engaged by the stops 138, power to the steering motor will
be interrupted or reversed as desired. No turning movement in
excess of that limited by the switch arms 137 and stops 138 can
thereafter be made by the remote operation of control unit 49. In
addition to the microswitches for such steering control the panel
box 89 encloses remote switching components so that it is not
necessary to deliver full motor voltage to the control box 49. A
reduced operational control voltage may be transmitted by the
control cable 84 to the control unit 49. A control circuit of
reduced voltage is desirable where the work platform may be of
substantial height or adjacent to electrical circuits of higher
voltage or different phase than the power used for the steering and
driving operations. In addition to enclosing any desired
operational control circuits, the panel box 89 is of size and shape
to provide an operative guard for the steering chain 117. The ends
of the panel box 89 are, accordingly, positioned to cover the
"pinch" areas of the drive sprocket 113 and of anchor sprocket 101.
With this arrangement a separate chain guard is not required.
FIGS. 1 and 2 present an additional attachment for the scaffold
unit 71 which has been found to be highly beneficial. A power cord
guide 141 is shown in these Figs. The guide 141 is adapted for
attachment to a lower cross bar 152 of the scaffold unit 71. A C
clamp 142 of such attachment surrounds the cross bar 152 and a lock
screw 153 is used to securely engage the attachment to the cross
bar. A lower leg of the C frame provides a pivot 154 and a trailing
arm 156 is connected thereby to the mounting clamp. The trailing
arm has a terminal loop 157 through which the power cord 88 and any
connector plugs 158 thereof may be extended. After the cord is
threaded through the loop 157, it is engaged and held by a tie-down
159. The length of cord past the tie-down 159 can be regulated so
that the segment 161 which delivers power to the attachment 70 will
at all times be held out of contact with the supporting floor or at
least in a non-interfering position with respect to all of the
support wheels of the scaffold. The other end of the cord 162 which
passes through the loop 157, however, will oftentimes be disposed
on the supporting floor in a position where it can be run over by
any of the support or drive wheels of the scaffold. Powered back
and forward and other steered movements of the scaffold can trap
such end 162 of the power cord 88 in a manner that would otherwise
immobilize the scaffold unit. Such scaffold unit disabling
entrapment of the power cord is avoided by the attachment 141,
since free swinging movement of the trailing arm 156 is limited and
controlled by a spring 163. This spring and the tension adjusting
link chain 164 permit pivoting movement of the trailing arm 156.
This pivoting movement to alternate positions as suggested in FIG.
1 is adequate to prevent the breakage of the power cord if the cord
is trapped beneath any of the support wheels of the scaffold. After
the cord is free from its entrapment, the trailing arm 156 will be
returned by the spring 163 to its at-rest position as indicated by
the full line representation of FIG. 2. Movement of the arm 156
from a trapped cord position to a free position is accomplished
rapidly in a manner that serves to move the trapped cord from its
previously trapped position. The arrangement of pivot attachment
points is adjusted so that the maximum swinging motion for the arm
156 corresponds to that shown in alternate position in FIG. 1. With
this type of limitation the arm 156 does not go past center, and
the spring will accordingly always act to return it to a position
as shown in the full line representation of FIGS. 1 and 2.
As more fully described in the previous patent, the remote control
unit 49 shown in FIG. 1 will provide separate drive and starting
controls. The toggle of the drive control may be moved to forward,
neutral and reverse positions, while the toggle of the steering
control is moved to left and right positions to control the
direction of rotation for the wheel 92. In the present embodiment
the single attachment unit 70 may be used at any of the upright
standards of a scaffold in substitution for the support wheels
thereof. Inasmuch as the attachment unit 70 provides its own anchor
for steering operations, no modifications of the scaffold are
required.
The simplicity of installation and usage adds measurably to the
on-site user benefits. With this type of scaffold unit a single
workman may install plumbing, electrical or heating utilities or
suspended ceilings or lighting systems. Similarly, the scaffold may
be used for the maintenance of such systems as in the replacement
of fluorescent lights, etc. A stock of parts may be carried to the
upper supporting deck 53 and thereafter a plurality of operations
can be accomplished before a workman would have to come down.
When not in use, the attachment unit 70 may be conveniently removed
to prevent undesired use of the scaffold or theft of this major
component.
* * * * *