U.S. patent number 3,864,832 [Application Number 05/347,365] was granted by the patent office on 1975-02-11 for throw-away teeth protector.
Invention is credited to Gunnar Olof Carlson.
United States Patent |
3,864,832 |
Carlson |
February 11, 1975 |
THROW-AWAY TEETH PROTECTOR
Abstract
A throw-away teeth protector comprising an arcuate base member
having channel-shaped cross-section and a string of plastic
material in the arcuate channel, said string having a free surface
adapted to be forced against the points of the teeth to be
protected, when the protector is to be used, so that the teeth are
embedded at least partially in the plastic material.
Inventors: |
Carlson; Gunnar Olof (182 63
Djursholm, SW) |
Family
ID: |
20264046 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/347,365 |
Filed: |
April 3, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
Current U.S.
Class: |
128/862 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61C
5/90 (20170201) |
Current International
Class: |
A61C
5/00 (20060101); A61C 5/14 (20060101); A61c
011/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;32/14B,40,1
;128/136 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Peshock; Robert
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cushman, Darby & Cushman
Claims
What I claim is:
1. A throw-away teeth protector for use during medical incisions
and treatments, comprising:
an arcuate base member formed of an elastic material, said base
member having a substantially channel-shaped cross section with the
inside wall thereof being higher than the outside wall and wherein
the bottom of the channel on the outside is provided with
protrusions which are spaced apart to form a free space between the
base member of a protector applied on one jaw and the teeth of the
opposite jaw, the bottom protrusions being positioned
unsymmetrically with respect to the symmetry axis in the plane of
the base member so that the bottom protrusions are displaced with
regard to each other when two identical teeth protectors are used
simultaneously in both jaws, the ends of the channel being open and
a string of plastic material being positioned in the arcuate
channel inside the ends of said base member, said string being
plastic and elastic and non-curing at room temperature and said
string having a free surface which is adapted to be forced against
the points of the teeth to be protected, when the protector is to
be used, so that the teeth are embedded at least partially in the
plastic material, the plastic material being maintained plastic and
non-curing in use.
2. Teeth protector according to claim 1, in which the side walls of
the base member facing the channel are provided with protrusions
for retaining the plastic string in the base member channel.
3. Teeth protector according to claim 2, in which the side wall
protrusions consist of long ridges running along the channel.
4. Teeth protector according to claim 3, in which the ridges,
before the use of the protector, pass the ends of the plastic
string.
5. Teeth protector according to claim 1, in which the bottom
protrusions consist of rounded walls running across the bottom
channel substantially at right angle to the channel.
6. Teeth protector according to claim 1, wherein said material
consists of silicon rubber polymer with silicon oil as a binding
agent.
Description
The present invention relates to a throw-away teeth protector
adapted to be applied in case of a temporary risk of teeth
injuries.
It has been known for a long time that there is a risk of injuries
of teeth and teeth protheses during such medical incisions or
treatments which require work in the oral cavity or the insertion
of instruments of various kinds through the oral cavity of an
anaesthetized patient. During such operations, the throat of the
patient is usually completely open and, on some occasions, it has
occurred that loosened teeth or pieces of teeth have fallen down
into the throat and have passed down into the digestive tract or
via the windpipe into the lungs. Particularly in the last-mentioned
case, the situation is serious and possibly directly dangerous to
life. Apart from the risk during the time the work operations are
performed and instruments are inserted or removed, there are also
risks of injury when an anaesthetized patient falls asleep or wakes
up since at these moments spasmodic biting movements will often
occur.
While several types of teeth protectors are previously known, e.g.
through U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,705,492, 3,016,052 and 3,124,129, they all
require pre-treatments before use, e.g. heating to make the
protecting material soft enough for application on the teeth or a
combination of elements to obtain a filler material which can start
curing in a base member.
The main object of the present invention is to provide a throw-away
teeth protector which can easily be applied without further
preparation steps when there is a risk of injuries of the
teeth.
According to the invention this object is attained by a teeth
protector comprising an arcuate base member of an elastic material
which is of substantially channel shape in cross-section, the ends
of the channel being open, and characterized by a string of plastic
material in the arcuate channel, the string having a free surface
which is adapted to be forced against the points of the teeth to be
protected when the protector is to be used, so that the teeth are
embedded at least partially in the plastic material.
The use of a string of plastic material in the channel-shaped base
member makes the teeth protector ready for use without any
pre-treatments. Furthermore, by leaving the ends of the channel
open, the teeth protector can be made to fit all or at least
several sizes and shapes of the jaws. This will facilitate the use
of the teeth protector and decrease manufacturing and distribution
costs.
Another object is to provide means for retaining the plastic string
in the base member channel.
Still another object of the invention is to design the teeth
protector so that the plastic material is prevented from being
pressed out from the base member when the teeth are forced into the
plastic material. This is attained by making the plastic string
slightly shorter than the base member channel, so that the ends of
the plastic string are located at a distance from the ends of the
base member, and by making the inner wall of the base member higher
than the outer wall.
By using a string material which is plastic and elastic at room
temperature the teeth protector will be still more effective, as
the elastic property of the material will give a better protection
in case of a powerful strike on the teeth protector.
Two embodiments of the invention will be described below more
closely with reference to the attached drawings. The same reference
numerals have been used for corresponding portions in the two
embodiments.
FIG. 1 illustrates in perspective an embodiment of a teeth
protector according to the invention.
FIG. 2 shows a top view of the same teeth protector.
FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-section through the embodiment according
to FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross section view through the embodiment according to
FIG. 4.
The teeth protector shown in FIG. 1 comprises an arcuate base
member 10 which is formed with smoothly rounded edges so as to
avoid discomfort to the person to which the teeth protector is
applied and which is manufactured of a flexible, elastic material,
e.g. plastic. The base member 10 has an outer arcuate side wall 11
and an inner arcuate side wall 12, which form a channel 13 for
receiving a string 14 of plastic material. As shown in FIG. 1, the
side walls have a reduced height at the ends of the base member. By
this form the teeth protector is well adapted to the human teeth
jaw. The base member channel 13 has open ends. The absence of end
surfaces at the ends of the base member facilitates to a large
extent the forming of the teeth protector in one standard size,
which fits all or almost all teeth jaws, upper jaws as well as
lower jaws. The ends of the string 14 is conveniently located at a
small distance inside the ends of the base member 10.
FIG. 2 shows a top view of the teeth protector according to FIG. 1
and FIG. 3 shows a cross-section along the line III--III in FIG. 2.
From FIG. 3 it can be seen that the outer side wall 11 of the teeth
protector is higher than the inner wall 12, which is anatomically
correct and causes an improved fixation. The base member 10 has a
substantially U-shaped cross-section and is slightly narrower at
the central portion than at the end portions. This design will
facilitate the production of a teeth protector of one standard size
which fits all or most jaws and at the same time avoids unnecessary
lumberingness or ungainliness of the teeth protector. At the
central portion of the teeth protector the dimensional
discrepancies between the jaws of different persons are at a
minimum. At the ends of the jaws the individual variations are
considerably larger. The internal side surfaces of the base member
are also provided with protrusions 15 extending into the channel
13, said protrusions serving to retain the string 14 of plastic
material in the base member channel. The side wall protrusions 15
consist of long ridges running along the channel and passing the
ends of the plastic string. The outer side wall 11 and the inner
side wall 12 are substantially perpendicular to the plane of the
arcuate base member 10.
The embodiment of the teeth protector shown in FIGS. 4 and 5
differs from the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 - 3 by the facts
that in the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5 the inner wall 12
is higher than the outer wall 11 and that the base member is
provided with protrusions 16 on the outside of the bottom of
channel 13. The inner wall 11 is about 2 mm higher than the outer
wall and the height of the protrusions 16 is about 5 mm.
The height of the inner wall 12 will prevent plastic string
material from being pressed out of the base member into the mouth,
because the inner wall 12 will abut the jaw and form a shield when
the teeth protector has been applied. Due to the free space at the
ends of the base member no plastic material is forced out at the
ends of the base member, neither.
As the inner wall 12 is higher than the outer wall 11, the side
wall protrusion 15 on the inner wall 12 is positioned slightly
higher than the one of the outer wall 11.
The bottom protrusions 16 consist of ridges having rounded sides
and spaced apart. The protrusions are positioned unsymmetrically
with respect to the symmetry axis of the base member in the plane
of the base member. This feature will make it possible to use
identical teeth protectors for both jaws without the protrusions on
the two teeth protectors facing each other. If the protrusions are
just opposite to each other, the protrusions may slide on each
other, due to the rounded or sloping sides, so that the jaws may be
displaced sidewards with respect to each other in case of powerful
chewing or biting which may be injurious to the person using the
teeth protectors.
The bottom protrusions 16 will provide a free space between the
base member and the teeth of the opposite jaw or between two base
members. This free space will prevent the risk of cutting off wires
or pipes which have to pass into the mouth during medical incisions
or treatments. It is comparatively easy to avoid that such wires or
pipes get clamped between a protrusion and an opposite base member
or tooth.
The base member 10 is also provided with a small aperture 17, in
which a cord, attached at a point outside the mouth of a patient,
can be fastened to prevent that the teeth protector falls down into
the pharynx during the application or removal procedure.
The string material should be plastic and elastic at room
temperature and can e.g. consist of a non-thermosetting plastic,
e.g. silicon rubber polymer with silicon oil as a binding agent.
Such a material has the advantage that the teeth protector will be
ready for use without any further preparation step and that the
elasticity of the material will further decrease the risk of
injuries on the teeth, as already mentioned. It is also necessary
that the material will come loose of the teeth when the teeth
protector is to be removed. The mentioned material has also this
property.
Only two embodiments of the teeth protector have been shown on the
drawings. However, it will be understood that many different shapes
are possible. It is important that the base member is formed so
that the teeth protector cannot cause any injuries during the
application or the use and that it stabilizes and protects the
string of plastic mass satisfactorily. The design of the outer side
wall at the ends of the base member can be varied in many ways and
the inner side wall may possibly be inclined so that the channel
will become wider at the free surface. The height of the outer side
wall can also be reduced at the central portion of the base member.
The side wall protrusions illustrated in FIG. 3 may possibly be
excluded or replaced by grooved surfaces or the like. The
protrusions on the bottom of the channel can also have many
different shapes, e.g. spherical.
The teeth protector is particularly intended for use, when work is
to be performed in the throat of a patient and various instruments
have to be inserted through the oral cavity. Even on other
occasions the teeth protector can, however, effectively prevent
injuries. Patients, which are being treated in intensive treatment
departments after serious heart infarcts or extensive burns, have
often a tendency to press their jaws together and grind their
teeth. The teeth protector, if applied in such a case, will have a
protective and pressure-equalizing effect, which eliminates the
risk of injuries. Also in sport or training of various kinds a
temporary application of a teeth protector according to the
invention can be justified in order to eliminate the risk of teeth
injuries. The crews in armoured cars and tanks, e.g., during
special transport conditions, experience considerable discomfort
from their teeth due to vibrations and engine noise, which is
compensated by strongly biting the jaws together. Also in this case
the teeth protector can be used as a safety means. Since one and
the same size can be used by all persons and the teeth protector
due to its simple structure and low production cost can be formed
as a throw-away protective device, the use can also easily be made
satisfactory from a hygienical point of view.
During the application, the free surface of the plastic string is
pressed against the points of the teeth, so that the teeth are
embedded in the plastic mass. If in spite of the protector any
filling or part of a tooth should come loose, said part will remain
in the plastic mass and be removed from the oral cavity together
with the teeth protector, whereby all risks of complications
occurring herefrom are eliminated.
* * * * *