U.S. patent number 3,864,154 [Application Number 05/305,038] was granted by the patent office on 1975-02-04 for ceramic-metal systems by infiltration.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The Secretary of State for Defence Ministry of Defence, The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army. Invention is credited to George E. Gazza, Michael W. Lindley.
United States Patent |
3,864,154 |
Gazza , et al. |
February 4, 1975 |
Ceramic-metal systems by infiltration
Abstract
This invention covers ceramic-metal compositions fabricated by
infiltrating porous ceramic compact with a molten metal impregnant.
A cold pressed compact of silicon boride, aluminum boride, boron,
and (aluminum boride-boron) were each positioned between powdered
aluminum in a vacuum furnace which enabled the molten aluminum to
infiltrate into the porous ceramic by capillary action. In
addition, a porous ceramic compact of aluminum boride was similarly
infiltrated with silicon.
Inventors: |
Gazza; George E. (Sudbury,
MA), Lindley; Michael W. (Holton Heath, EN) |
Assignee: |
The United States of America as
represented by the Secretary of the Army (Washington, DC)
The Secretary of State for Defence Ministry of Defence
(London, EN)
|
Family
ID: |
23179041 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/305,038 |
Filed: |
November 9, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
428/539.5;
75/254; 75/255 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C04B
35/117 (20130101); C04B 41/51 (20130101); C22C
29/14 (20130101); C04B 35/65 (20130101); C22C
1/1036 (20130101); C04B 41/85 (20130101); C04B
35/5805 (20130101); C04B 41/50 (20130101); C04B
41/009 (20130101); C04B 41/88 (20130101); C04B
41/51 (20130101); C04B 41/4505 (20130101); C04B
41/50 (20130101); C04B 41/4505 (20130101); C04B
41/009 (20130101); C04B 35/58 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
C04B
35/58 (20060101); C04B 41/85 (20060101); C04B
41/45 (20060101); C04B 41/51 (20060101); C04B
41/88 (20060101); C04B 41/50 (20060101); C22C
1/10 (20060101); C22C 29/14 (20060101); C22C
29/00 (20060101); C03c 017/00 (); C04b
041/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;117/22,54,61,98,119,121,123B,160,169A,169R,135.1,131 ;29/182.1
;75/202 ;51/309 ;264/60 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Martin; William D.
Assistant Examiner: Beck; Shrive P.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Gibson; Robert P.
Claims
Having described our invention, we claim:
1. A ceramic-metal composition consisting of a metal impregnated
into a porous ceramic compact by infiltration, selected from the
group consisting of:
2. A material in accordance with claim 1 wherein the ceramic-metal
material is SiB.sub.6 --Al.
3. A material in accordance with claim 1 wherein the ceramic-metal
material is AlB.sub.12 Si.
4. A material in accordance with claim 1 wherein the ceramic-metal
material is B--Al.
5. A material in accordance with claim 1 wherein the ceramic-metal
material is AlB.sub.12 --B-Al.
6. A ceramic-metal composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein
the ceramic-metal composition is AlB.sub.12 --Al.
Description
The invention described herein may be manufactured, used, and
licensed by or for the Government for governmental purposes without
the payment us use of any royalty thereon.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the production of ceramic-metal
materials, and more particularly to production by the infiltration
of a porous cold pressed ceramic compact with a molten metal.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide and disclose
the fabrication of ceramic-metal materials comprising the
filtration of a molten metal into a porous ceramic compact.
It is a further object of the invention to provide and disclose a
ceramic-metal material comprising a uniform dispersion of the metal
in the ceramic.
It is a further object of the invention to provide and disclose a
ceramic-metal material having each component in a continuous
phase.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide and
disclose a ceramic-metal material exhibiting ductility.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide and
disclose a ceramic-metal material which is generally hard and
non-ductile.
Other objects and a fuller understanding of the invention may be
ascertained from the following description and claims taken in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a photomicrograph of a cross-sectional area
microstructure of an AlB.sub.12 --Al infiltrated compact.
FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph of a cross-sectional area
microstructure of an AlB.sub.12 --Si infiltrated compact.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Other objects and a fuller understanding of the invention may be
ascertained from the following description and claims.
In an illustrative example, a cold pressed compact of AlB.sub.12
powder (minus 325 mesh), 1 inch in diameter and 0.3 inch thick,
which was formed by applying 17,000 psi pressure to the powder in a
cold pressing die, was utilized. A graphite crucible having an I.D.
of 11/2 inch was lined with 0.005 inch thick grafoil sheet. Six
grams of aluminum powder were placed at the bottom of the crucible
and lightly tamped. The cold pressed AlB.sub.12 compact was placed
on the aluminum powder. Six additional grams of aluminum powder
were positioned on top of the AlB.sub.12 powder compact and a
grafoil lid was placed over the top of the crucible. The crucible,
loaded with AlB.sub.12 compact "sandwiched" between the aluminum
powder, was placed in a vacuum furnace. The furnace was evacuated
to approximately 10.sup..sup.-5 torr and the crucible was heated to
500.degree. C and held at this temperature 11/2 hours to permit
outgassing. The temperature was subsequently raised to
1,100.degree. C and maintained for a period of 3 hours. At this
temperature, the molten aluminum easily penetrated into the porous
AlB.sub.2 compact.
The process was repeated utilizing silicon in lieu of the aluminum.
The procedure was identical with the exception that the outgassing
temperature was 750.degree. C for a period of 11/2 hours and the
infiltration temperature was 1,500.degree. C for a period of 2
hours.
In addition to the above ceramic-metal materials, SiB.sub.6 --Al;
B--Al; B.sub.4 C--Al/Si; and AlB.sub.12 --B-Al materials have been
prepared utilizing the above conditions. The last material
consisted of a ceramic skeleton comprised of 60% by weight
AlB.sub.12 and 40% by weight boron, impregnated with aluminum
metal. For B.sub.4 C--Al/Si, silicon was added to the aluminum and
this combination was impregnated into B.sub.4 C, the silicon acting
as a wetting agent.
TABLE ______________________________________ Density MOD. of
ELASTIC SYSTEM (g/cc) RUPTURE MOD.
______________________________________ B-Al 2.32 17.500 psi
16.7.times.10.sup.6 AlB.sub.12 -Al 2.59 47.900 psi
32.3.times.10.sup.6 AlB.sub.12 -B-Al 2.47 30,000 psi
19.5.times.10.sup.6 ______________________________________
Densities of the ceramic-metal compositions were within the range
of about 2.3 to about 2.7 g/cc. Possible uses of the ceramic-metal
material include ceramic armor, ceramic composite bearings and
wear-resistant specialized materials.
Although we have described out invention with a certain degree of
particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure has
been made by way of example and that numerous modifications may be
resorted to in the ways of components and reaction conditions, etc.
without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *