U.S. patent number 3,860,264 [Application Number 05/323,544] was granted by the patent office on 1975-01-14 for lean velocipede.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Mattel, Inc.. Invention is credited to Raymond J. Douglas, Edward W. Libby, Leonard R. Moquin.
United States Patent |
3,860,264 |
Douglas , et al. |
January 14, 1975 |
LEAN VELOCIPEDE
Abstract
A velocipede having a front wheel assembly carrying a front
wheel and a rear wheel assembly carrying a pair of co-axial rear
wheels. The wheel assemblies are pivotally connected approximately
midway between the axis of rotation of the front wheel and the axis
of rotation of the pair of rear wheels by a pivotal coupling member
that is rotatable around an axis that lies in the longitudinal
plane of the velocipede at an angle of 20.degree. from the
vertical. A spring within the pivotal coupling member limits the
relative displacement of the wheel assemblies to 25.degree. on
either side of the vehicle's normal forward position in response to
sideways tilting of the front wheel assembly by means of a weight
shifting or a leaning motion of the rider of the velocipede.
Inventors: |
Douglas; Raymond J. (Lomita,
CA), Libby; Edward W. (Hermosa Beach, CA), Moquin;
Leonard R. (Los Angeles, CA) |
Assignee: |
Mattel, Inc. (Hawthorne,
CA)
|
Family
ID: |
23259664 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/323,544 |
Filed: |
January 15, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
280/266 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B62K
5/02 (20130101); B62K 5/06 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B62K
5/00 (20060101); B62K 5/06 (20060101); B62k
005/06 (); B62k 021/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;280/266,263,268,282 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Song; Robert R.
Assistant Examiner: Silverstrim; John P.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Shirk; Max E.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A velocipede comprising:
1. a front wheel assembly having a front wheel rotatably mounted
thereto on a first axis of rotation;
2. a rear wheel assembly having a pair of rear wheels rotatably
mounted thereto on a second axis of rotation; and
3. steering means coupling said front wheel assembly to said rear
wheel assembly, said steering means located approximately half-way
between the respective vertical planes of said first axis of
rotation and said second axis of rotation and normally biasing said
front and rear wheel assemblies to maintain said respective
vertical planes in a parallel relationship, and said steering means
being responsive to the weight shifting of a rider of said
velocipede to provide horizontal displacement of said respective
vertical planes, said steering means comprising:
A. a sleeve member affixed to said rear wheel assembly, said sleeve
member having a pair of projections and a hollow portion;
B. a bracket member mounted to said front wheel assembly, said
bracket member having a first opening thereon and further having a
top and bottom extension, each of which has a respective
opening;
C. retaining means for rotatably coupling said sleeve member to
said bracket member, part of said retaining means passing through
said hollow portion of said sleeve member and said respective
openings of said top and bottom extensions of said bracket member;
and
D. biasing means rotatably mounted to said sleeve member, said
biasing means having a first end and second end, said first and
second ends being retained between said pair of projections of said
sleeve member and further retained within said first opening of
said bracket member.
2. A velocipede as recited in claim 1 and further including:
a seat for supporting a rider mounted on said front wheel assembly;
and
said steering means determining the direction in which said
velocipede travels in accordance with said weight shifting of the
rider, shifting of weight to the right of said seat initiates a
circular path to the rider's right and shifting of weight to the
left of said seat initiates a circular path to the rider's
left.
3. A velocipede as recited in claim 1 wherein said biasing means
includes a helical spring, and said first and second ends are
radially disposed portions of said helical spring.
4. A velocipede as recited in claim 1 wherein the width of said
first opening of said bracket member retaining said ends of said
biasing means limits the maximum horizontal displacement of said
respective vertical planes to 25.degree. in either direction from
the longitudinal plane of said velocipede.
5. A velocipede as recited in claim 1 wherein said steering means
has an axis of rotation normally located approximately 20.degree.
from the vertical.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to velocipedes and more particularly to a
novel three wheeled velocipede that simulates unicycle
operation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Numerous types of three wheeled toy velocipedes are well known. For
the most part, such velocipedes, or tricycles, are propelled by
means of a pair of pedals mounted on the front wheel and are
steered by means of handle bars which control the front wheel.
While small children quickly master the operation of such standard
tricycles, they experience great difficulty in attempting to
operate a unicycle. Thus, the majority of small children are
limited to riding tricycles, yet remain fascinated by a unicycle
because it may be propelled and steered without the use of one's
hands.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide
simulated unicycle operation in a three wheeled velocipede.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
simulated unicycle that may be successfully mastered by small
children after a relatively short training period.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide an
improved three wheeled velocipede that may be steered by means of a
child without the use of his hands.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a three
wheeled velocipede that may be safely steered by a small child
through the shifting of his weight.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a
three wheeled velocipede having a mid frame pivot connection which
provides unusual vehicle stability.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the objects set forth above, the present
invention provides a velocipede having three wheels that simulates
unicycle operation. The front and rear wheel assemblies of the
velocipede are pivotally connected approximately midway between the
axis of rotation of the front wheel and the axis of rotation of the
pair of rear wheels. The pivotal coupling member is positioned in
the longitudinal plane of velocipede at an angle 20.degree. from
the vertical. A spring within such pivotal coupling member limits
the relative displacement of the axes of rotation of the wheels to
approximately 25.degree. on either side of the normal position of
the pivotal coupling member in response to sideways tilting of the
front wheel assembly.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Additional objects, advantages and characteristic features of the
present invention will become readily apparent from the following
detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention
when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in
which:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a velocipede in accordance
with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the velocipede in accordance with the
present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the steering means of the
velocipede in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the steering means of
the velocipede taken along line 4--4 of FIG. 1, in accordance with
the present invention; and
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic top plan view of the velocipede of the
present invention illustrating the displacement of the velocipede
in response to a weight shift or leaning motion of the rider.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, there is respectively shown a side
elevational view and a top plan view of a velocipede 10 in
accordance with the present invention. The velocipede 10 comprises
three major portions; namely, a front wheel assembly 11, a rear
wheel assembly 12 and steering means 13. The front wheel assembly
11 is mainly comprised of a seat 14, a front L-shaped frame 15, a
bracket member 16, a front wheel 17 and a pair of pedals 18.
Conventional retaining means, such as nut and bolt arrangements,
may be employed to connect the seat 14 to the top of the L-shaped
frame 15 and to connect the bracket member 16 to the front wheel
17, pedals 18 and the L-shaped frame 15. The rear wheel assembly 12
is mainly comprised of a triangular-shaped rear frame 19 having a
rear axle 20 upon which a pair of rear wheels 21 may be mounted.
The steering means 13 is located approximately half way between the
axis of rotation of the front wheel 17 and the axis of rotation of
the pair of rear wheels 21. Furthermore, steering means 13 is
positioned within the longitudinal plane of the velocipede 10 at an
angle 20.degree. from the vertical as defined by the angle A in
FIG. 1. The combination of the steering means 13 being inclined at
an angle up toward the rear and away from the vertical and being
located at such approximate half way point causes the point of load
application (rider's weight on the seat) to move away, relatively,
from the direction in which the rider leans and in which the
velocipede 10 would tend to topple; therefore, greatly improving
the stability of the velocipede 10. It has been found through
extensive testing that the positioning of the steering means 13 at
such an approximate midpoint and at such an angle improves the
stability of the velocipede 10 and allows small children to quickly
master the operation of the velocipede 10. Thus, small children are
able to enjoy a safe simulated unicycle-type ride. The steering
means 13 may be more readily understood by referring to FIGS. 3 and
4.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the steering means 13.
The steering means 13 is mainly comprised of a bracket member 22, a
helical spring 23, and a sleeve 19A of the triangular-shaped rear
frame 19. The bracket member 22 may be mounted to the front
L-shaped frame 15 of the front wheel assembly 11 by a conventional
bolt and nut arrangement as shown in FIG. 1. The bracket member 22
has a top and bottom extensions 22a and 22b, each of which have an
opening as shown in FIG. 3. In addition, bracket member 22 has a
slot 29 having a width defined by the side walls 29a and 29b. The
spring 23 may be a coil of suitable metal having first and second
extended ends 24 and 25, as shown. The sleeve 19a of the
triangular-shaped rear frame 19 has two projections 26 and 27. The
spring 23 may be mounted to the bottom portion of the sleeve 19a so
that the first and second ends 24 and 25 of the spring 23 are
located between the projections 26 and 27 of the sleeve 19a. Sleeve
19a and the mounted spring 13 may then be placed between the top
and bottom extensions 22a and 22b of the bracket member 22 so that
the bolt 28 may be placed through the opening of 22a, the hollow
portion of the sleeve 19a, and the opening of 22b. The nut 30 may
then be affixed to the bolt 28 to complete the construction of the
steering means 13.
Referring now to FIG. 4, there is shown an enlarged cross-sectional
view of the steering means 13 taken along lines 4--4 of FIG. 1. As
illustrated, the ends 24 and 25 of the spring 13 are confined
within the limits of both the side walls 29a and 29b of the slot 29
and the projections 26 and 27 of the sleeve 19a. The distance
between the side walls 29a and 29b and the distance between the
projections 26 and 27 both limit the relative displacement of the
velocipede 10 to 25.degree. on either side of the longitudinal
plane of the velocipede 10. Referring now to both FIGS. 2 and 4, if
the rider were to lean to his left, or towards the bottom of the
FIG. 2, the front wheel 17 may be tilted to an approximate maximum
of 8.degree., as defined by the distance B between the front wheel
17 and the tilted front wheel 17'. As shown in FIG. 4, such tilting
motion would move the projection 26 in the clockwise direction to
its new position 26' and in turn, would force the end 24 of the
spring 23 to its new position 24' against the side wall 29a. It
should be understood that the front wheel 17 both tilts and turns
at the same time as respectively illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 5.
As described in the discussion of FIG. 5, the velocipede 10 would
travel to the left of the rider. Of course, any tilting of less
than 8.degree. would rotate the end 24 of the spring 23 and the
projection 26 proportional to the amount of tilting of the front
wheel 17. If the rider were to lean to his right, or shift his
weight towards the right, the wheel 17 may tilt within a maximum of
8.degree. to the right, in which case, the projection 27 would urge
the end 25 of the spring 13 towards the end 24 of the spring
13.
Referring now to FIG. 5, there is shown a diagrammatic top plan
view of the velocipede 10 of the present invention illustrating the
displacement of the front wheel 17 and the pair of back wheels 21
in response to a weight shift or leaning motion of a rider. If a
rider were to shift his weight to the left on the velocipede 10 as
shown in FIG. 2, the projection 26 would urge the end 24 of the
spring 23 to its new position as illustrated by the numeral 24' of
FIG. 4. In turn, the steering means 13 would shift a short distance
to a new position 13' and the front wheel 17 and rear wheels 21
would be displaced to new position 17' and the new positions 21,
respectively, as shown in FIG. 5. An 8.degree. tilting of the front
wheel 17 to the right or the left provides a maximum displacement
of the end 24 or the end 25 of the spring 23 so that the relative
displacement between the axis of rotation of front wheel 17 and the
axis of rotation of the rear wheel 21 is 25.degree. . Such
displacement allows velocipede 10 to execute a complete circle
having a radius of 31/2 feet. FIG. 5 illustrates the turning of the
front wheel 17 to its new position 17' and FIG. 2 illustrates the
tilting of the front wheel 17 to its new position 17' in response
to the rider shifting his weight to his right side.
* * * * *