U.S. patent number 3,860,114 [Application Number 05/371,134] was granted by the patent office on 1975-01-14 for multi-chamber container.
Invention is credited to Volker Merckardt.
United States Patent |
3,860,114 |
Merckardt |
January 14, 1975 |
MULTI-CHAMBER CONTAINER
Abstract
A multi-chamber container adapted to receive and store
separately dental preparations which, when combined, react relative
to each other. The container has a membrane between the
compartments which are filled with the dental material. The
membrane is pierced by means of a piston-like member which places
the contents of one compartment under pressure and causes the
contents to empty through the pierced membrane into the next
adjacent compartment in order to mix the two materials for ready
use as a dental preparation.
Inventors: |
Merckardt; Volker (3550
Marburg, DT) |
Family
ID: |
26775020 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/371,134 |
Filed: |
June 18, 1973 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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86675 |
Nov 4, 1970 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
206/219;
206/63.5; 604/416 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61C
5/66 (20170201); B65D 25/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61C
5/06 (20060101); A61C 5/00 (20060101); B65D
25/04 (20060101); B65D 25/08 (20060101); B65d
025/08 (); B65d 081/32 () |
Field of
Search: |
;206/219,221,222,63.5
;215/6,9 ;128/272,218M |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Dixson, Jr.; William T.
Parent Case Text
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 86,675 filed Nov. 4,
1970, now abandoned.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A multi-chamber container separately accommodating two or more
substances which react with each other and are to be mixed when
required to provide a ready-to-use dental material, the container
comprising in combination:
a first cylindrical container body defining a closed bottom end and
having a primary mixing chamber containing a first substance;
a second body portion of generally cylindrical configuration
secured in coaxial relation to said first body and having a second
chamber containing a second substance;
a rupturable first diaphragm extending transversely across one of
said bodies at a location axially forward of said closed bottom end
separating said chambers and preventing any transfer of said
substances therebetween until said diaphragm is intentionally
ruptured;
diaphragm means extending across said second chamber axially spaced
from said first diaphragm in a forward direction closing the upper
axial end of said second chamber;
and a removable closure member in closing engagement with one of
said bodies at the upper axial end thereof and including a piston
projecting axially towards said diaphragm means externally to said
second chamber, the bottom end face of said piston being
substantially solid and having a diameter approximating the inside
diameter of said second body;
complementary co-engaging threaded means on said closure member and
on one of said bodies;
said piston having an axial length so that in the threaded
co-engagement position prior to mixing of said substances said
bottom face of said piston is axially spaced from said second body
and subsequent to additional downwaard screwing said piston
projects into said second chamber placing the second substance
under pressure thereby causing rupturing of said first
diaphragm.
2. A multi-chamber container according to claim 1, and locking
means between said closure member and said second body to make said
second body and first diaphragm removable together with said
closure member and separable from said first body subsequent to
said mixing.
3. A multi-chamber container according to claim 2, wherein said
locking means comprises a catch lock defined by the upper axial end
of said piston having a groove in the circumference thereof and
said second body having a spring-like latch for locking into said
groove.
4. A multi-chamber container according to claim 1, and locking
means interposed between said second body and said closure
member.
5. A multi-chamber container according to claim 4, wherein said
closure member has an outer cylindrical wall telescoped over said
second body and said locking means extends transversely through
said outer wall engaging said second body.
6. A multi-chamber container according to claim 4, wherein said
locking means is a pin-like member extending axially between said
second body and said end cover.
7. A multi-chamber container according to claim 1, wherein said
second body is a sleeve-like member inserted in said first body and
said sleeve-like member forms at the upper axial end thereof a
spring-like latch.
8. A multi-chamber container according to claim 1, and an
O-ring-like seal around the circumference of said piston close to
the bottom end thereof.
9. A multi-chamber container separately accommodating two or more
substances which react with each other and are to be mixed when
required to provide a ready-to-use dental material, the container
comprising in combination:
a first cylindrical container body defining a closed bottom end and
having a primary mixing chamber containing a first substance;
a second body portion of generally cylindrical configuration
removably secured in coaxial relation to and at least partly seated
within said first body and having a second chamber containing a
second substance;
rupturable diaphragm means extending transversely across one of
said bodies at a location axially forward of said closed bottom end
separating said chambers and preventing any transfer of said
substances therebetween until said diaphragm is intentionally
ruptured;
and a removable closure member in container closing engagement with
at least one of said bodies at the upper axial end thereof remote
from said bottom end and including a substantially centrally
located piston projecting axially towards said diaphragm means and
engagement means on said piston for substantially rigidly
connecting said piston of said closure member to said second body
to cause said second body to be removed simultaneously with said
piston relative to said first body;
said piston having an axial length so that in the position prior to
mixing of said substances said bottom face of said piston is
axially upwardly spaced from said diaphragm means and subsequent to
additional downward movement said piston projects into said second
chamber placing the second substance under pressure thereby causing
rupturing of said diaphragm means.
10. A multi-chamber container according to claim 9, wherein said
second body portion has a lower or bottom end surface whose axial
thickness at least in part is significantly smaller than the radial
thickness of said second body portion.
11. A multi-chamber container according to claim 9, wherein the
substance within the second chamber comes in contact with only
those portions of the closure member constituting said piston.
12. A multi-chamber container according to claim 9, wherein at
least portions of the inner wall of said second body and
complementary outer portions of said piston are in frictional
engagement when interpositioned.
13. A multi-chamber container according to claim 12, wherein said
piston includes radially outward extending means having an outside
diameter exceeding the inside diameter of said second body.
14. A multi-chamber container according to claim 9, wherein said
closure member includes an outer substantially cylindrical skirt
extending around part of said first body in removable engagement
relation in response to activation thereof.
15. A multi-chamber container according to claim 9, wherein the
overall outside surface configuration of said piston is
substantially identical to the inside configuration of the second
chamber.
16. A multi-chamber container separately accommodating two or more
substances which react with each other and are to be mixed when
required to provide a ready-to-use dental material, the container
comprising in combination:
a first cylindrical container body defining a closed bottom end and
having a primary mixing chamber containing a first substance;
a second body portion of generally cylindrical configuration
secured in coaxial relation to and at least partly seated within
said first body and having a second chamber containing a second
substance;
said second body portion having a lower or bottom end surface whose
axial thickness at least in part is significantly smaller than the
radial thickness of said second body portion;
rupturable diaphragm means extending transversely across one of
said bodies at a location axially forward of said closed bottom end
separating said chambers and preventing any transfer of said
substances therebetween until said diaphragm is intentionally
ruptured;
and a removable closure member in container closing engagement with
at least one of said bodies at the upper axial end thereof remote
from said bottom end and including a substantially centrally
located piston projecting axially towards said diaphragm means;
said piston having an axial length so that in the position prior to
mixing of said substances said bottom face of said piston is
axially upwardly spaced from said diaphragm means and subsequent to
additional downward movement said piston projects into said seconds
chamber placing the second substance under pressure thereby causing
rupturing of said diaphragm means.
17. A multi-chamber container according to claim 16, wherein the
outside diameter of said piston is dimensioned to be effective upon
actuation thereof to cause relative movement between the first and
second body.
Description
The invention relates generally to a multi-chamber container which
is adapted to receive and store separately materials which react
against each other, particularly dental preparations for use in the
filed of dental technology.
These multi-chamber containers are characterized, in accordance
with the invention, in that an externally acting piston-like member
places the component material of a chamber under pressure until the
separating membrane disposed between the chambers bursts and the
constituents of the compartment which is under pressure is emptied
into the other compartment and mixed with the material therein.
In the prior art, for instance see German Pat. No. 1,276,866, a
multi-chamber container is already known in which a puncturable
membrane is disposed between two chambers and in which by means of
a telescope-like displacement of the two chambers the membrane is
caused to be punctured. During the telescope-like movement of the
two chamber portions, it is possible to puncture the separating
membrane. However, a complete mixture of the constituents in the
two chambers requires that the membrane be cut off on all its sides
to which it is secured. If this is accomplished by means of
providing a container having a suitable design, there is,
nevertheless, the danger that the dismembered membrane is lost
partly, or completely, in the mixture of the two reacting
substances.
However, it is the prime purpose of the above described
multi-chamber container for the storage of reacting substances,
that a quantitative, as well as qualitative, mixture of
constituents be achieved without any contamination thereof. Thus,
the introduction of membrane parts under these conditions into the
mixture constituents, constitutes, without any doubt, a
contaimination. A limited time of a few minutes is usually only
available after the reacting materials have been mixed. Therefore,
any effort required by the dentist to fish out any deleterious
substance from the mixture obviously greatly reduces the
effectiveness and desirability of such a container.
In the Patent of Addition No. 1,287,251 to the German Pat. No.
1,276,866, these disadvantages were obviated, by the present
applicant, through the use of a bag-like or tube-like compartment
for receiving one constituent in which the compartment is formed as
a closed, preferably welded, foil bag which, in accordance with the
main patent, is punctured through telescopic displacement of both
of the chamber compartments.
This bag-like or tube-like foil bag is suitable, however, only for
receiving and storing a liquid or paste-like constituent material.
A powder-like substance cannot, due to the lack of viscosity, empty
completely through a relatively small opening in the membrane, or
separating wall, which is necessary for generating the required
pressure in the elastic foil bag.
With various dental preparations or materials it is necessary, as
well as common, to add to the powder-like material or to
liquid-like materials a liquid or paste-like, or powder-like
substance, (e.g., for hardening, accelerating, activating, or
coloring the mixture) to conform the mixture to the individual
requirements. Particularly in the case of silicate cements which,
in view of their advantageous transparency characteristics, can be
used for a wide range of tooth colors, it is frequently enough to
add merely a small amount of powder in order to obtain a
multi-purpose capsule with a mixture which will satisfy a host of
dental requirements. However, the addition of this powder-like
material which has to be held constant, is so small that the mixing
ratio which also has to be constant between the two main
components, is usually not a factor within the tolerances required.
However, the introduction of a frequently required third substance
is not possible by means of a foil bag.
For emptying the dental material in its final form and mixture, in
accordance with the conventional and above described containers by
means of a foil bag, it is necessary to use either a separate
closure, for example, a seam or the like arranged at the other end
of the container, or the removal of the cover, to empty the foil
bag and separation wall. A separate closure requires for production
thereof a special tool and additional work steps for fabricating
and assembling the container. The unscrewing or removal of the
individual constituent parts of the container on the side of the
foil bag is particularly burdensome and time consuming.
It is therefore the primary object of the present invention to
provide a container in which the same can be utilized with very
minor modifications for a great multiplicity of applications.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
container of the type as above described in which powder-like,
paste-like as well as liquid substances can be separately stored
and can be quantitatively and qualitatively mixed and united at a
substantially constant rate.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a
multi-chamber container in which the dental materials are ready for
use and the contamination of the material through destroyed
membrane parts is either lessened or eliminated.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a
multi-chamber container in which the ready-to-use dental
preparation can be readily removed after mixing the individual
components without time consuming manipulations and without the use
of a separate closure or cover.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a
multi-chamber container in which it is possible when mixing three
or more components to select the second and further components
which are to be mixed.
The present invention is achieved by placing an externally actuated
piston-like member against one or more container sub-chambers. The
actuation of the piston places the adjacent chamber under pressure
until the separating membrane bursts and the constituents to be
mixed are emptied by the piston-like member completely into the
main chamber of the container. The piston-like member may be a
component part of the closure member or the same may be separate
from the closure and take over the function as an additional seal.
In the latter case, particularly when a suitable material is used
for the piston-like member, the outer seal membrane may be
eliminated. Moreover, there are provided at the entrance of the
chamber adjacent to the main chamber, several projections, or a
margin which projects towards the center of the container, which
prevents that the loosely arranged, only fastened through friction
on the chamber wall, piston-like member can move into the adjacent
chamber. In the event that a part of the container closure takes
over the function of the piston, a ring-like or disc-like seal can
enlarge the otherwise necessary close tolerances for producing this
article and additionally can prevent that the constituents will be
forced outwardly under pressure.
The invention thus facilitates that the container sub-chambers may
be placed as rigid, removable inserts into the container's main
chamber or as rigid externally placed attachments to the main
chamber, which not only enables a simple filling and sealing of the
container but also makes it possible to remove the dental
preparation without any time consuming effort after the container
has been opened in a simple manner.
In order that the insert or attachment be suitably secured and yet,
when necessary, readily detachable from the main portion of the
container, it is possible, for instance, to provide a clamp-plug
arrangement or a plug-lock. Depending upon a suitable container
form it is also possible to provide that after the mixing has taken
place, the empty chamber, together with the piston and the
membrane, is withdrawn in one piece from the container main member
which enables a rapid and simple removal of the ready-to-use dental
preparation.
By means of a detachable lock which serves as an impact member for
the movable piston-like member or, in another case, makes
stationary -- if necessary, detachable -- two walls of a chamber
movable relative to each other and which may be secured upon the
movable as well as upon the stationary part of the container, it is
made possible to mix three or more components as required.
For a better understanding of the present invention, together with
other and further objects thereof, reference is had to the
following description taken in connection with the accompanying
drawings, and its scope will be pointed out in the appended
claims.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a vertical cross sectional view of a container in
accordance with the invention used for receiving liquid or
paste-like materials;
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing a container adapted for
powder-like material;
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 showing a modification therof;
and
FIG. 4 is a view according to FIG. 3 showing a modification
thereof.
Referring now specifically to FIG. 1, there is shown a container
having a sub-chamber for receiving a liquid or paste-like substance
as an addition to a powder-like main component. The movable cover
closure 1, provided with a piston-like member 3, pushes, upon
actuation thereof, upon the outer membrane or separating wall 8,
preforates the same and thereby places the component or material in
compartment 5 under pressure to such an extent that the inner
membrane 9 bursts at the small central opening in the separating
wall and the component out of chamber 5 is injected completely into
the chamber 6, together with the powder-like material. An
additional seal ring or seal disc 14 can facilitate the enlarging
of the usually necessary close tolerances for producing the
container. After mixing, which preferably is accomplished by means
of a vibrator or a shaker, the closure 11 can be detached from the
container main body 2 and the ready-to-use dental preparation can
be removed.
Referring now to FIG. 2 there is shown a container adapted for
receiving a powder-like content from the chamber. The sub-chamber 5
is herein formed as a rigid insert 7 which can be taken out and
separated, and thereby can be filled and sealed in a particularly
simple and easy manner. The piston-like member which is externally
actuated is formed herein in two parts, i.e., as a plate-like
cylinder 4 which also functions as a seal, and after the
destruction of the outer membrane 8, through the cover piston 3,
provides the necessary pressure upon the substance in chamber 5
until the inner membrane 9 bursts and the mixing components are
completely pushed into the main chamber 6 of the container. A few
projections, or a continuous projecting edge of the inner side of
the container sub-chamber 5 prevents that the cylindrical piston
plate 4 gets also into the container main area.
After mixing is accomplished the cover piston 3 can be unscrewed
and the adjacent chamber insert 7 may be taken out by means of a
suitable instrument whereby the then ready-to-use preparation can
be removed. In the left half of the symmetry of FIG. 2, there is
shown a spring-like ring 15 which, when the chamber contents is
emptied, projects into the cover piston 3 so that the cover piston
meshes with the insert 7 and automatically can be removed therewith
while the cover piston is being unscrewed.
In FIG. 3 there is shown a container which differs from the
container of FIG. 2 in that the container sub-chamber has a
different locking arrangement. The bringing together of the various
components which have to be mixed takes place in the same manner as
described with reference to FIG. 2. The container sub-chamber is
formed as an attachment and is connected with the container main
body 2 by means of a ring-like bead which fits tightly into a
complementary groove. This type of plug-clamp arrangement
facilitates that after the mixing, the cover piston 3 and the
attachment 7 can be withdrawn in one piece from the container main
body 2 and the ready-to-use preparation can be removed from the
main chamber 6.
The lock 10 which is shown herein as an impact pin is required in
the event a double container with three chambers is utilized. In
such a case the pin has to be removed from the chamber which is to
be emptied before the appropriate separating membrane is placed
under pressure. This facilitates the selection of two mixing
components as an addition to the third component.
FIG. 4 illustrates a container which functionally corresponds to
the container shown in FIG. 3. In the container main body 2 there
is inserted the insert 7 with the sub-chamber by means of a locking
arrangement 13. The same can be withdrawn after mixing, together
with the cover piston 3.
The lock 10 is herein provided as a rigid member at a suitable
location which can function as the impact area for the cover
plate.
While there have been described what are at present considered to
be the preferred embodiments of this invention, it will be obvious
to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications
may be made therein without departing from the invention, and it is
aimed, therefore, in the appended claims to cover all such changes
and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the
invention.
* * * * *