U.S. patent number 3,858,886 [Application Number 05/310,429] was granted by the patent office on 1975-01-07 for golf clubs of the type known as irons.
Invention is credited to Floyd M. Cosby.
United States Patent |
3,858,886 |
Cosby |
January 7, 1975 |
GOLF CLUBS OF THE TYPE KNOWN AS IRONS
Abstract
Golf clubs of the type known as "irons," wherein the torque
resulting from striking golf balls with the clubs is reduced,
wherein the length of the club head is reduced, wherein the club
head is weighted at its center, wherein the shaft is close to the
heaviest weight concentration of the club, wherein the hitting face
of the club occupies the entire front side of the club to eliminate
erratic shots off the heel or toe of the club, wherein reduced
torque results in proper hitting face position to reduce side spin
on the ball.
Inventors: |
Cosby; Floyd M. (Rosenberg,
TX) |
Family
ID: |
26789989 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/310,429 |
Filed: |
November 29, 1972 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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95242 |
Dec 4, 1970 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
473/350 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
53/04 (20130101); A63B 60/00 (20151001); A63B
53/047 (20130101); A63B 53/045 (20200801); A63B
53/0458 (20200801); A63B 53/0454 (20200801) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
53/04 (20060101); A63b 053/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;273/77R,8C,167-175 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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29,603 |
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Dec 1913 |
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GB |
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6,682 |
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Apr 1891 |
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GB |
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4,516 |
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Mar 1894 |
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GB |
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20,623 |
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Sep 1904 |
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GB |
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414,516 |
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Aug 1934 |
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GB |
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Primary Examiner: Apley; Richard J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Fox, Jr.; Carl B.
Parent Case Text
REFERENCE TO EARLIER FILED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No.
95,242, filed Dec. 4, 1970 by the same applicant and entitled "Golf
Irons and Woods", and now abandoned.
Claims
I claim:
1. Golf club of the type referred to as an iron, comprising a
horizontally elongate club head having the front side thereof
completely flat to form a hitting face over its entire area whereby
a golf ball may be struck at any point thereof without angular
deflection of the golf ball, said hitting face having a loft angle
of conventional angular inclination for an iron-type club head, one
end of said club head being angularly inclined upwardly and
outwardly and forming the heel of the club head, the other end of
said club head forming the toe of said club head, the reverse side
of said club head having disposed thereon a uniformly thickened,
integral, and continuous projecting ridge, said projecting ridge
being located (a) coextensively along the heel end and completely
within the boundary edge of said heel end; (b) coextensively along
the lower edge of said reverse side from the heel end to the toe
end; and (c) vertically along the center of said reverse side to
approximately the upper edge of the club head in order to
distribute the weight of the club head symmetrically about a plane
perpendicular to the center of the hitting face and to adjust the
horizontal center of gravity of said club head to its horizontal
center whereby said club head will be less likely to twist about
vertically directed axes upon striking golf balls at random points
of said hitting face, the upper and lower edges of said club head
and of said hitting face being substantially parallel whereby the
heel and toe portions of said club head are of substantially the
same weight, said thickened portion along said heel at said reverse
side of said club head forming a hosel, a shaft having its lower
end fixed in said hosel, and further having the length of said club
head from the toe to heel ends being approximately three to three
and one-half inches and with the maximum distance of the shaft axis
to the center of the hitting face being approximately one and
three-quarters inches in order to further reduce the torque
produced on the shaft by ball impact.
2. The combination of claim 1, said shaft means being disposed at
an angle of approximately 54.degree. with respect to the bottom of
said club head means.
Description
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
As the iron golf club of the form presently used evolved from the
old form of iron club, the evolution being caused because of
improvements to golf balls and increased weight of golf balls, club
makers maintained the same length of the club head and widened the
club head more toward the toe, while maintaining the heel
configuration and the shaft position substantially the same. This
forced the balance point, or heaviest weight concentration, of the
club head toward the toe of the club head, and it has remained
there up to the present time. This evolution to a longer club head
and the placement of weight toward the toe of the club head causes
increased leverage of the shaft when a ball is struck, and causes
torque which reduces a player's control of the head of the iron
club.
A golf club is a driving tool, i.e., like a hammer, and if a hammer
were made with the heaviest weight concentration as far from the
axis of the handle as has been done with golf clubs, it would be
very difficult to drive a nail with the hammer.
The more balanced position of the shaft with respect to the weight
concentration of the club head results in keeping the face of the
club square at the time of impact with the ball. Therefore,
according to this invention, not only is torque caused by ball
impact reduced, but torque caused by inbalance of the club head is
also reduced.
According to the invention, torque on the shaft resulting from
impact of the ball with the club head is reduced by reducing
leverage tending to twist the shaft as much as possible by moving
the shaft closer to the center of weight concentration of the club
head. The balance of the club head is altered by placing as much of
the club head weight as possible at the center of the club head.
The movement of the shaft position to a position closer to the
heaviest weight concentration not only makes the club head shorter,
but also reduces torque on the shaft caused by the weight of the
club head itself. According to the invention, the production of
side spin on the ball is reduced because of the improvements to the
torque problem.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the
following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of
apparatus according to the invention, reference during the
description being made to the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side perspective view of an iron golf club, taken
perpendicular to the front or hitting face of the club head.
FIG. 2 is a partial top view of the club shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an elevational view taken toward the heel of the club
shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a side elevation of the back of the club shown in FIG.
1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings in detail, the club head 10 has a
flat inclined hitting face 11 which extends over the entire front
side of the club head. The top edge 12 of the club head is
preferably either flat or slightly uniformly convexly rounded, but
may be of other more or less symmetrical form. The back side of the
club head is thickened and weighted by a rounded horizontal
projecting ridge 13 along its bottom edge and by a rounded vertical
projecting ridge 14 at its center, respectively, as is best seen in
FIG. 4, in order that the weight distribution of the club head is
balanced with the center of gravity or weight concentration being
disposed along a plane at its center perpendicular to the center of
the hitting face. The vertical height of the head is substantially
uniform from the heel to the toe of the club head.
The shaft 15 is attached to the club head at a hosel disposed in
back of the hitting face which extends in front of the shaft, and
at the heel end of the club head. The hosel 16 is formed upwardly
integrally with the club head and extends downwardly and curves to
merge with formation 13 as shown in FIG. 4. The hosel may terminate
closer to the top edge of the club head than shown, or may be flush
with the top edge of the hitting face, if desired.
Because of rules imposed by professional golfing associations, the
heel end of the club head must be straight and without any
protruding formation. The club shown in the drawings fully complies
with this requirement. The angle of the shaft with the bottom flat
surface 18 of the club head is according to the association rules
required to be an angle of about 54 degrees. The club complies with
this requirement.
The angle of the hitting face with the ground, with bottom edge 18
of the club head placed flat upon the ground, will vary depending
upon the loft of the club, iron clubs being numbered from the
1-iron, with least loft, to the 9-iron, with greatest loft.
The length of the club head from heel to toe of conventional iron
golf clubs currently in use is from about four inches to about four
and one-half inches. Although the length of the hitting face of the
clubs herein disclosed is no shorter than in conventional clubs,
the overall length of the club head is reduced to from about three
inches to about three and one-half inches, or from one-half inch to
one and one-half inches shorter. Since the length of the hitting
face of the herein disclosed club is relatively longer, it is
easier to hit the ball with this club than with conventional
clubs.
Because of the shaft position and the shortening of the club head,
the torque produced upon hitting a ball at any point of the hitting
face is greatly reduced. The reduction of the distance from the
ball impact position to the shaft axis may be as much as
three-fourths inch, and the torque produced by the ball impact is
correspondingly reduced. With a conventional club, the farthest
distance from the shaft axis to a ball impact point at the extreme
toe end of the hitting face will be approximately four and one-half
inches. The distance from the shaft axis to the center of the
hitting face will be about two and one-half inches. With the herein
disclosed clubs, the maximum distance from the shaft axis to the
toe end of the hitting face will be about three and one-half inches
while the distance from the shaft axis to the center of the hitting
face will be about one and three-fourths inches. Therefore, the
leverage radius is reduced by about three-fourths inch regardless
of what portion of the hitting face has impact with the ball. This
change in club design greatly reduces the torque produced on the
shaft by ball impact and reduces twisting resulting therefrom.
The above described reduction in twisting torque results because of
the shortening of the club head and the movement of the shaft to
behind the heel end of the hitting face. In conventional clubs, the
hitting face is entirely toward the toe end of the club head from
the shaft, and the shaft protrudes forwardly of the hitting face.
The balanced design of the club head further reduces torque because
the club head weight is concentrated behind the center of the
hitting face.
Because of the reduction of torque described above, the hitting
face of the club head can be better controlled by a golfer to
squarely strike the ball. This results in elimination of raking of
the hitting face across the ball, this being caused by angularity
of the hitting face caused by the torque problem herein discussed,
i.e., so-called opening of the club face. The concentration of the
club head weight behind the center of the hitting face resulting
from formation 13 results in better club head speed and better
impact and spin on the ball so that the ball flys faster and
farther, and is less affected by wind. The repositioning of the
shaft augments this result. The weight of the club head and the
shaft driving force are centered directly behind the ball. There is
no tendency to allow the face of the club to lay open and to drag
the face of the club more quickly.
With the new pivot point of the club head around the shaft, the
club head swings squarely into the ball and drives it straight down
the fairway. Because the shaft is from three-fourths inch to one
inch closer to the heaviest weight concentration in the head of the
club, torque or twisting about the shaft is reduced to almost
nothing. Longer leverage on the shaft resulting from the
conventional longer-faced clubs is reduced.
While the clubs have a shorter club head length from heel to toe,
there is a larger hitting face than in a standard club because all
of the face of this club is hitting face. The flat hitting face
position resulting from reduced shaft torque is much less likely to
put side spin on the ball, and will produce straight hits from the
club from almost any point of the hitting face that comes into
contact with the ball. The fact that the hitting face covers the
entire front side of the club head will eliminate uncontrollable
hits off of the heel or toe of the club head. No matter what part
of the hitting face comes into contact with the ball, the ball will
be hit harder and straighter because all of the weight of the club
head is centered and compressed into a more compact club head so
that whether a player makes contact with the ball at the heel,
center or toe of the hitting face, there is more solid impact on
the ball than is possible with a regular club.
As has been mentioned, the dimension from heel to toe of the club
head is preferably about three to three and one-half inches. The
distance from the top to the bottom of the hitting face may vary
from about one and one-fourth inches to two inches, in a club of
preferred form. The bottom edge of the hitting face will preferably
be about two and one-half inches. The thickening of the club head
at the back at the center and along the bottom edge of the back may
be such as to achieve the same weight as has been present in
conventional clubs. The weight of the club head will be
symmetrically disposed about a line or plane perpendicularly from
the center of the hitting face to the center of the rear of the
club head.
While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown in the
drawings and described, many modifications thereof may be made by a
person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the
invention, and it is intended to protect by Letters Patent all
forms of the invention falling within the scope of the following
claims.
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