U.S. patent number 3,858,781 [Application Number 05/360,083] was granted by the patent office on 1975-01-07 for safety mechanism for fastener driving tool.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Fastener Corporation. Invention is credited to Bernard W. Geist, Allen R. Obergfell.
United States Patent |
3,858,781 |
Obergfell , et al. |
January 7, 1975 |
SAFETY MECHANISM FOR FASTENER DRIVING TOOL
Abstract
A safety assembly for a pneumatic fastener applying tool
includes a control valve with an operator. A plate for actuating
the operator rests on a manual trigger and two slidably mounted
rods at three spaced points. One rod is elevated when the tool is
against the workpiece, and the other rod is elevated when an
adequate supply of fasteners is provided in a tool magazine. The
plate is elevated to actuate the valve operator and operate the
tool only when both rods are elevated and the manual trigger is
actuated.
Inventors: |
Obergfell; Allen R. (Park
Ridge, IL), Geist; Bernard W. (Melrose Park, IL) |
Assignee: |
Fastener Corporation (Franklin
Park, IL)
|
Family
ID: |
23416514 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/360,083 |
Filed: |
May 14, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
227/8 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B25C
1/005 (20130101); B25C 1/041 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B25C
1/00 (20060101); B25C 1/04 (20060101); B25c
005/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;227/8 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Custer, Jr.; Granville Y.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Mason, Kolenmainen, Rathburn &
Wyss
Claims
What is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the
United States is:
1. In combination with a tool for driving fasteners into a
workpiece of the type including a fluid powered drive means
including a nosepiece structure through which fasteners are driven
into a workpiece, a driver movable in the nosepiece, and a fluid
motor for operating the driver; a magazine assembly for feeding
fasteners into the nosepiece structure; and a fluid valve assembly
for controlling the operation of the fluid motor; a safety assembly
comprising
a workpiece engaging means, a detecting means for determining the
presence of a certain minimum quantity of fasteners in the magazine
assembly,
first and second control means each movable between effective and
ineffective positions and each disposed in an effective position by
one of the workpiece engaging means and detecting means,
third control means comprising a trigger means and movable between
effective and ineffective positions,
and a control member for controlling operation of the fluid valve
assembly and adapted to be engaged by the three control means, said
control member being actuated by the three control means to operate
the fluid valve assembly only when all three control means are in
their effective positions.
2. The combination set forth in claim 1 in which
the control member is movable relative to all of the three control
means and is adapted to be engaged by the three control means at
three spaced points.
3. The combination set forth in claim 1 including
means mounting the three control means to engage the control member
at three points in a generally triangular relation to each
other.
4. The combination set forth in claim 3 in which
the fluid valve assembly includes an operator disposed for
actuation by the control member in an area on the control member
disposed generally intermediate the three points of engagement of
the control member by the three control means.
5. A tool for driving fasteners into a workpiece comprising
a fluid powered drive means including a nosepiece structure through
which fasteners are driven into a workpiece, a driver movable in
the nosepiece, and a fluid motor for operating the driver,
a magazine assembly for feeding fasteners into the nosepiece
structure,
a fluid valve assembly for controlling the operation of the fluid
motor,
a control member for controlling operation of the fluid valve
assembly,
three mechanical elements engageable with the control member for
rendering the control member effective to control operation of the
fluid valve assembly, each of the three mechanical elements being
movable between effective and ineffective positions and all of the
elements being in their respective effective positions to render
the control member effective, a first one of the elements being
manually operable to an effective position,
a workpiece engaging means for controlling the position of a second
one of the elements in an effective position when the nosepiece
structure is adjacent the workpiece,
and a fastener supply responsive means responsive to the supply of
fasteners in the magazine and placing a third one of the elements
in an effective position only when an adequate supply of fasteners
is provided in the magazine assembly.
6. The tool set forth in claim 5 in which
the fluid valve assembly includes an operator actuated by the
control member,
and the control member includes three spaced portions mechanically
engaging the three elements.
7. The tool set forth in claim 5 including
means mounting the first one of the three elements for pivoting
movement.
8. The tool set forth in claim 5 including
means mounting the second of the elements for sliding movement.
9. The tool set forth in claim 8 including
resilient means biasing the third of the elements in a direction
toward its effective position.
10. The tool set forth in claim 8 including
resilient means biasing the second of the elements in a direction
away from its effective position.
11. The tool set forth in claim 5 in which
the first element includes a pivotally mounted trigger engaging the
control member.
Description
This invention relates to a fastener driving tool, and, more
particularly, to a new and improved safety assembly for a pneumatic
tool for applying fasteners to a workpiece.
Pneumatic fastener driving tools have long incorporated safety
mechanisms to inhibit trigger controlled tool operation when the
tool is not against a workpiece and/or an adequate supply of
fasteners is not provided in a magazine. As an example, U.S. Pat.
No. 3,615,049 discloses such an arrangement wherein the movement of
a workpiece engaging member required for tool operation is locked
whenever the supply of fasteners is depleted with the result that
the tool cannot be operated. However, this and similar arrangements
rely on locking parts against movement in order to disable the
tool, and it would be desirable to provide a safety assembly
directly responsive to trigger operation, workpiece engagement, and
an adequate supply of fasteners to be driven.
Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a
new and improved safety assembly for a fastener applying tool.
Another object is to provide a new and improved safety assembly for
a fastener applying tool directly responsive to manual actuation,
the position of the tool adjacent a workpiece, and the presence of
an adequate supply of fasteners.
A further object is to provide a safety assembly having a control
valve operator independently coupled to a manual control or
trigger, a workpiece engaging means, and a mechanism responsive to
the presence of an adequate supply of fasteners to be driven by the
tool.
In accordance with these and many other objects, an embodiment of
the present invention comprises a conventional fastener driving
tool including a cylinder containing a slidably mounted piston for
actuating a driver blade and the driver blade, on successive power
strokes of the piston, engages and drives successive fasteners
supplied to a nosepiece structure by a magazine assembly. Selective
connection of the upper interior of the cylinder to compressed air
or to the atmosphere is controlled by a piston actuated main
valve-exhaust assembly, and the positioning of the main valve is in
turn controlled by a pilot or auxiliary valve which selectively
connects the piston to compressed air or the atmosphere. This pilot
or auxiliary valve is controlled by a safety assembly that cannot
be actuated to effect operation of the tool unless an adequate
supply of fasteners is provided in the magazine, the nosepiece
structure of the tool is disposed adjacent a workpiece, and the
manual control such as a trigger is actuated.
This safety assembly includes a plate individually bearing against
or resting on at three spaced points: a trigger, a rod controlled
by a workpiece engaging assembly, and another rod controlled by a
quantity of fasteners provided in the magazine. Unless the plate is
elevated at all three points of contact, and operator for the pilot
valve cannot be actuated to effect operation of the pilot valve and
in turn the fastener driving tool.
Many other objects and advantages of the present invention will
become apparent from considering the following detailed description
in conjunction with the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is an elevational view in partial section illustrating a
pneumatically operated fastener driving tool using a safety
assembly embodying the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view taken generally in the direction of
line 3--3 in FIG. 1 illustrating an assembly for detecting the
presence of adequate fasteners to be driven by the tool and shown
in the normal position;
FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view taken in the direction of line 3--3 in
FIG. 1 illustrating the assembly of FIG. 2 in an actuated condition
indicating the absence of sufficient fasteners to be driven;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view taken along line 4--4 in FIG. 1 showing
a portion of the safety assembly in a condition in which the tool
is rendered inoperative because of an absence of a sufficient
supply of fasteners;
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 illustrating a portion of the
safety assembly in aninoperative state due to failure to place the
tool against an inoperative workpiece;
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrating the safety
assembly in a condition in which the tool can be placed in
operation;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the safety assembly
embodying the present invention shown in a normal or inoperative
state;
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to FIG. 7 showing
the safety assembly in a fully actuated position;
FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line 9--9 in FIG. 7; and
FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line 10--10 in FIG. 7.
Referring now more specifically to FIG. 1 of the drawings, therein
is illustrated a fastener driving tool which is indicated generally
as 20 and which includes a safety assembly embodying the present
invention and indicated generally as 22. The fastener driving tool
20 includes a housing 24 with a forward head portion 24A in which
is disposed a cylinder 26. Slidably mounted within the cylinder 26
is a piston 28 to which the upper end of a driver blade 30 is
connected. The lower end of the driver blade is slidably received
within a drive track 32 extending through a nosepiece structure 34.
A magazine assembly indicated generally as 36 supplies successive
fasteners such as nails 38 (FIG. 2) to the drive track 32 to be
driven on successive power strokes of the piston 28 and the
fastener driver 30. Compressed air from a reservoir 40 formed in
the head portion 24A and a hollow rearwardly extending handle 24B
of the housing is selectively admitted to and exhausted from the
upper interior of the cylinder 26 under the control of a combined
main and exhaust valve assembly which is indicated generally as
42.
The opening and closing of the main valve assembly 42 is controlled
by the safety assembly 22. This assembly includes a pilot or
auxiliary valve indicated generally as 44 (FIG. 7) which can be
operated only when a manual trigger 46 is actuated, when a
workpiece engaging assembly indicated generally as 48 is actuated
to indicate that the tool 20 is adjacent a workpiece, and when a
fastener supply detecting assembly indicated generally as 50 (FIGS.
2 and 3) is in a normal setting indicating the presence of an
adequate number of fasteners or nails 38 contained in the magazine
assembly 36. If any of these conditions is not met, the safety
assembly 22 inhibits operation of the tool 20.
The construction of the tool 20 can be of any of a number well
known in the art. As an example, the pneumatic piston-cylinder
motor including the cylinder 26, the piston 28, and the driver
blade 30 as well as the nosepiece structure 34 and the main valve
assembly 42 can be of the type shown and described in detail in
U.S. Pat. No. 3,638,532. In general, the construction is such that
when pressurized fluid is supplied above a piston 42A in the main
valve assembly 42 over a conduit or passageway 52 by the pilot
valve assembly 44, the tool 20 is held in its normal state shown in
FIG. 1 in which the main valve assembly 42 closes off communication
between the reservoir 40 and the upper interior of the cylinder 26.
When the pilot valve assembly 44 is operated to connect the conduit
52 to the atmosphere, the piston portion 42A actuates the main
valve 42 by moving it upwardly, and compressed air is admitted to
the upper end of the interior of the cylinder 26 from the reservoir
40. When the control valve 44 returns pressurized fluid or
compressed air from the reservoir 40 to the conduit 52, the piston
portion 42A closes the main valve assembly 42 and permits the
piston 28 to be returned under the control of pressurized fluid
stored in a piston return chamber 54 through a plurality of ports
56 when the piston 28 is at the end of its power stroke in
engagement with a resilient bumper 58 disposed in the lower end of
the cylinder 26.
The magazine assembly 36 for feeding successive nails 38 from a
strip thereof into the drive track 32 in the nosepiece structure 34
can also be of any suitable construction known in the art. The
magazine assembly 36 illustrated in the drawings can be, for
example, the magazine assembly shown and described in detail in
U.S. Pat. No. 3,615,049. In general, this magazine assembly
includes a sheet metal magazine housing 60 having a slot 62 in the
side wall thereof in which a pusher assembly 64 is movable. A
portion 64A on the pusher 64 engages the last nail 38 in the strip.
One end of a coiled flat or constant force spring 66 is connected
to the pusher, and the constant force spring coil is rotatably
mounted on a shaft 68 carried on the nosepiece structure 34. The
constant force spring 66 continuously biases the pusher assembly 64
to the left so as to feed successive nails 38 from the strip into
the drive track 32. The pusher assembly 64 includes a ring 70 for
retracting the pusher against the bias of the spring 66.
The pilot or control valve assembly 44 included in the safety
assembly 22 (FIGS. 7 and 8) includes a sleeve 72 secured within an
opening 74 in the handle portion 24B of the housing and open at its
inner end to the reservoir 40. Slidably disposed within the sleeve
72 is a valve stem or element 76 carrying an O-ring 78 at its upper
end and having an enlarged portion 76A normally resting on an
O-ring 80 mounted within the sleeve 72. Thus, pressurized fluid
from the reservoir 40 normally passes through the sleeve 72 and
around the O-ring 78 to enter the conduit 52. This pressurized
fluid holds the main valve assembly 42 in its normally closed
condition.
When the control valve assembly 44 is operated to the position
shown in FIG. 8, the valve piston 76 is moved upwardly so that the
O-ring 78 seats on the inner wall of the sleeve 72 to close off
communication between the conduit 52 and the reservoir. When the
valve piston 76 is moved to the position shown in FIG. 8, the
enlarged portion 76A moves out of engagement with the O-ring 80,
and the pressurized fluid from the conduit 52 is discharged to the
atmosphere. This permits the main valve 42 to be opened. To provide
means for controlling shifting movement of the valve piston 76, the
lower end of the valve body or stem 76 is provided with a
projecting operator portion 76B.
To provide means for controlling the operation of the control or
pilot valve assembly 44, the safety assembly 22 includes a
generally L-shaped housing indicated generally as 82 which is
secured to the housing 24 by a plurality of cap or machine screws
84. An upper portion 82A of the housing 82 is provided with a
recess, chamber, or opening 86 (FIG. 9) in which is disposed a
generally Y-shaped operator plate 88 which, when elevated, engages
the operator 76B for the valve stem 76 and moves this valve stem
upwardly to the position shown in FIG. 8 to operate the control
valve assembly 44. The plate 88 includes three legs 88A, 88B, and
88C, each of which is adapted to be actuated by or to bear against
a separate operator element, and each of these three operator
elements must be elevated in order to elevate the plate 88
sufficiently to actuate the control valve 44. A projection 82B on
the housing is located in the bifurcation between the legs 88A and
88B to aid in locating the operator plate 88 within the opening 86
with the operator 76B above the center of the plate 88.
As noted above, the safety assembly 22 is controlled by the trigger
46. This trigger is mounted within the opening 86 in the upper
portion 82A of the housing 82 (FIGS. 7-10) and includes a pair of
opposite shoulder portions 46A resting on inwardly turned edges 82C
of the upper portion 82A of the housing 82. A pocket 90 in the
trigger 46 receives a downwardly turned end portion 88D on the
outer free end of the arm 88C of the plate 88. The normal state of
the trigger 46 is shown in FIG. 7. When the trigger 46 is manually
depressed, its upward movement is limited by engagement with the
bottom wall of the handle portion 24B of the housing, and the leg
88C of the operator plate 88 is elevated to the position shown in
FIG. 8.
The position of the leg 88A of the plate is controlled by the
workpiece engaging assembly 48. More specifically, the housing 82
includes a long or generally vertically extending housing portion
82D defining a cavity 92 between its outer wall and the outer wall
of the head portion 24A of the housing. Disposed within the cavity
92 is an operator rod 94 whose upper end is disposed immediately
beneath the leg portion 88A so that this leg portion rests on the
upper end of the rod 94. The leg 88A is provided with a flange
portion to insure proper location relative to the upper end of the
rod 94. A compression spring 96 interposed between a wall portion
of the housing part 82D and a washer 98 secured to the rod 94
normally biases the rod 94 to the position shown in FIG. 5 in which
the leg 88A of the operator plate 88 is in its lower or ineffective
position.
To provide means for elevating the rod 94 and thus elevating the
leg 88A of the operator plate 88, there is provided the workpiece
engaging assembly 48 (FIG. 1). This assembly can be of any suitable
construction such as that shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,615,049. In
general, this assembly includes a workpiece engaging element 100
resiliently biased to the position shown in FIG. 1 in which it
projects beyond the lower end of the nosepiece structure 34. A
linkage slidably mounted on the nosepiece structure 34 extends to
an upper generally L-shaped linkage element 102 (FIGS. 4-6). When
the workpiece engaging element 100 is not disposed against a
workpiece, the element 102 occupies the position shown in FIG. 5.
Alternatively, when the tool 20 is pressed against a workpiece so
that the workpiece engaging member 100 moves upwardly (FIG. 1), the
element 102 moves upwardly to the position shown in FIGS. 4 and 6.
In this position, the element 102 engages the lower end of the rod
94 and moves it upwardly against the bias of the compression spring
96 so that the leg 88A of the operator plate 88 is elevated.
Whenever the tool 20 is moved away from the workpiece, the linkage
element 102 drops to the position shown in FIG. 5.
To provide means for controlling the elevation of the leg 88B of
the operator plate 88, another rod 104 is slidably mounted on the
housing portion 82D with its upper end disposed beneath the leg
88B. A compression spring 106 is interposed between a lower wall of
the housing portion 82D and a washer 108 secured toward the upper
end of the push rod 104. The spring 106 is a very light spring and
merely serves to normally hold the rod 104 in the position shown in
FIGS. 5 and 6 of the drawings. In this position, the upper end of
the rod 104 bears against the under surface of the leg 88B of the
actuator plate 88 and serves to elevate this leg of the plate.
The positioning of the push rod 104 is controlled by the supply of
fasteners or nails 38 in the magazine assembly 36. More
specifically, there is provided an arm 110 with an offset upper end
portion 110A that normally lies just below and perhaps slightly
spaced from the lower end of the rod 104 when the magazine assembly
36 has an adequate supply of fasteners. The arm 110 is connected to
a U-shaped yoke 112 (FIGS. 1-3) pivotally mounted on the stud or
shaft 68. A torsion spring 114 coupled to the U-shaped bracket 112
(FIG. 1) normally biases the bracket 112 and the connected arm 110
to the position shown in FIGS. 2, 5, and 6 in which the off turned
end portion 110A on the arm 110 underlies the lower end of the push
rod 104.
When, however, the pusher assembly 64 advances toward the nosepiece
structure 34 to the extent shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a cam surface
64B on the pusher engages a bight portion 112A and pivots the
bracket 112 in a counterclockwise direction around the shaft 68
against the bias of the torsion spring 114 from the position shown
in FIG. 2 to the position shown in FIG. 3. This moves the end
portion 110A of the arm from the position shown in FIGS. 2, 5, and
6 to the position shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in which the end portion
110A no longer underlies the lower end of the push rod 104. When
the pusher assembly 64 is retracted, as by apprehending the ring 70
incident to the insertion of a new strip of nails, the torsion
spring 114 returns the arm 110 to the position shown in FIGS. 5 and
6.
Assuming that an adequate supply of fasteners is provided in the
magazine assembly 36, the arm 110 occupies the position shown in
FIGS. 5 and 6. When the tool 20 is thereafter placed against a
workpiece, the arm 102 moves from the position shown in dashed
outline to the position shown in solid outline in FIG. 4 and to the
position shown in FIG. 6. If the trigger 46 is then actuated or
moved upwardly, all three legs 88A, 88B, and 88C are elevated, and
the central portion of the actuator plate 88 which underlies the
valve operator 76B moves upwardly to engage and move the operator
76B so that the control valve assembly 44 is changed from the
position shown in FIG. 7 to the position shown in FIG. 8. This
causes the operation of the tool 20. The release of either the
trigger 46 or the workpiece engaging assembly 48 releases the
control valve assembly 44. The arrangement of the safety valve
assembly 22 is such that the control valve 44 is actuated by the
operator plate 88 whenever the last of the three legs 88A, 88B, or
88C is elevated. Thus, if the trigger 46 is not actuated to elevate
the leg 88C or if the workpiece engaging assembly 48 is not
actuated to elevate the leg 88A, the tool 20 cannot be operated.
This tool will be operated whenever the last of the
above-identified instrumentalities is actuated.
Assuming that during the driving of a given nail 38 by the tool,
the pusher assembly 64 moves to the position shown in FIG. 3. The
end portion 110A of the leg 110 is moved out from beneath the lower
end of the push rod 104. This does not affect the position of the
rod 104 because the bias spring 106 maintains the upper end of the
rod 104 in engagement with the leg 88B, and this leg of the
operator plate 88 remains elevated. If, thereafter, the tool 20 is
placed against the workpiece so that the linkage element 102 moves
from the position shown in dashed outline in FIG. 4 to the position
shown in solid outline therein, the rod 94 is elevated to elevate
the leg 88A of the plate. If thereafter the trigger 46 is operated,
the plate 88 will move upwardly to engage the lower end of the
operator portion 76B for the valve stem 76 and the control valve
assembly 44. The pneumatic bias applied to the valve stem 76
provides a force greater than the force of the spring 106. Thus,
continuing deflection or operation of the trigger 46 cocks the
plate 88 to the position shown in FIG. 4 and forces the leg 88B
downwardly against the bias of the spring 106. This downward
movement of the push rod 104 is permitted because the free end 110A
of the arm 110 is no longer beneath the lower end of this rod to
block its downward movement. Thus, the tool 20 cannot be operated
until such time as a supply of nails 38 in the magazine 36 has been
replenished.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to
a single illustrative embodiment thereof, it should be understood
that numerous other modifications and embodiments may be devised by
those skilled in the art that will fail within the spirit and scope
of the principles of this invention.
* * * * *