U.S. patent number 3,858,742 [Application Number 05/349,413] was granted by the patent office on 1975-01-07 for bottle cap.
Invention is credited to Jean Grussen.
United States Patent |
3,858,742 |
Grussen |
January 7, 1975 |
BOTTLE CAP
Abstract
One piece plastic bottle cap is characterized by a reinforcing
ring which projects below the external skirt of the cap and has a
frusto-conical external profile which decreases in radius toward
the bottom. It is particularly adapted to capping bottles
containing carbonated liquids or deformable bottles of plastic
material.
Inventors: |
Grussen; Jean
(Neuilly-sur-Seine, FR) |
Family
ID: |
9114983 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/349,413 |
Filed: |
April 9, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Feb 16, 1973 [FR] |
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73.05671 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
215/253; 215/295;
215/320 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
41/485 (20130101); B67B 3/026 (20130101); B67B
3/22 (20130101); B65D 2401/30 (20200501) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
41/48 (20060101); B65D 41/32 (20060101); B67B
3/00 (20060101); B67B 3/02 (20060101); B67B
3/22 (20060101); B65d 041/48 () |
Field of
Search: |
;215/213,250,253,295,305,320,321 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Norton; Donald F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Brisebois & Kruger
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a one-piece bottle cap made of plastic material having a
depending external skirt, an internally projecting retaining ring
on said external skirt, and a reinforcing ring encircling said
retaining ring which may be used as a cap-removing ring and is
attached to said cap by an integral hinge, the improvement
according to which said reinforcing ring projects downwardly beyond
the lower edge of the external skirt of said cap, and the external
surface of the lower part of said reinforcing ring tapers inwardly
toward a thin lower edge adapted to approach an enlarged section of
the neck of a bottle carrying said cap, so as to inhibit the
insertion of a finger between said edge of said reinforcing ring
and said bottle neck.
2. Bottle cap as claimed in claim 1 which comprises an inner
sealing skirt the upper part of which has an unstressed external
diameter greater than the maximum diameter of the neck of the
bottle to be closed by said cap.
3. Bottle cap as claimed in claim 2 in which said sealing skirt
defines an upwardly open central cup having an incurved bottom,
while the lower part of said sealing skirt has a frusto-conical
external profile which decreases in diameter toward said bottom and
terminates in a circular lip below said bottom, the lower part of
said skirt being shaped to permit said circular lip and lower part
to straighten to a vertical position when pressure is exerted on
said bottom to increase its convexity and correspondingly reduce
the diameter of the upper part of said sealing skirt until it can
enter a bottle neck having a diameter smaller than the unstressed
diameter of said upper part.
4. Bottle cap as claimed in claim 2 having a flat cover part which
closes the top of said sealing skirt, which skirt has a cylindrical
internal profile, the outer diameter of said sealing skirt being
constant near its upper part while its lower part is frusto-conical
and decreases in thickness toward its bottom, terminating in a thin
part of constant radial thickness facilitating the penetration of
said internal skirt into said neck.
5. Bottle cap as claimed in claim 1 in which the external skirt
extends beyond the bottom of the retaining ring so as to increase
the thickness of the hinge, the upper edge of which stops at a
sufficient distance from the upper edge of the reinforcing ring to
form between said external skirt and the upper part of said
reinforcing ring a groove facilitating the swinging of the
reinforcing ring to the position required for its use as a
cap-remover.
6. Bottle cap as claimed in claim 1 in which the lower part of the
reinforcing ring is provided with at least two notches positioned
on opposite sides of the hinge.
7. Cap as claimed in claim 1 in which the reinforcing ring is
provided on the side opposite said hinge with abutment means
extending radially from the median part of the said ring to
facilitate swinging of said reinforcing ring and the rupture of
webs connecting said reinforcing ring to the external skirt on the
side of said cap remote from the hinge.
Description
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a new type of telltale bottle cap which
is made in one piece from plastic material and provided with a
reinforcing ring for its retaining ring, which may be used as a
removing ring after breaking the webs connecting said reinforcing
ring to the outer skirt of the cap, which webs are positioned
opposite a hinge connecting these two components.
Other types of telltale bottle caps which are particularly adapted
for containers holding carbonated beverages have been described in
various French patents. These prior devices have disclosed the
provision of weakened areas in the retaining ring for these caps
and also in the cap itself so as to cause tearing of the cap during
removal thereof, which tears constitute visible evidence of prior
opening when the caps are replaced on the bottles.
The new type of telltale cap according to the present invention
comprises various improvements making it possible to eliminate
certain disadvantages of the prior art devices.
One of these improvements resides in the fact that the reinforcing
ring, the radial thickness of which is at its maximum at the top of
said hinge and of said retaining ring extends downwardly below the
retaining ring and tapers to a decreased thickness at its lower
edge. The thickness at the bottom of the ring is as thin as
possible and the lower edge of the reinforcing ring is so close to
an external enlargement of the neck of said bottle beneath the
groove cooperating with said retaining ring as to make it
impossible to remove the cap by exerting pressure against the lower
part of this reinforcing ring on the same side as said hinge so as
to avoid breaking the connecting webs. This new arrangement thus
eliminates one of the methods used to circumvent previously known
devices.
Another characteristic of the cap is that, on the side remote from
the hinge, where it is necessary to act on the ring to rupture the
connecting webs, so as to use the reinforcing ring as a
cap-removing ring, there is either a recess, which is preferably
ribbed, formed in this ring, or a horizontally projecting ridge
having a variable radial thickness in the form of an arc or cross
so as to facilitate the swinging of said ring.
This recess may advantageously have at its top a horizontal flat
portion having a radial thickness sufficient to constitute an
effective fingerhold for the finger of the operator, which makes it
possible to use less material than in the case of the horizontal
rib previously mentioned.
Another possible characteristic of the new one-piece cap resides in
the provision of notches in the lower part of the reinforcing ring
on opposite sides of the hinge which prevent the remounting of this
ring in a horizontal position after normal cap removal. This ring
remains, on the contrary, a little raised on the side opposite the
hinge with an oblique orientation constituting a readily visible
indication that the bottle has already been opened.
As a consequence of the elimination of the possibility of fraud the
scorings provided in the embodiments heretofore described, and the
use of a retaining ring having a variable thickness, have been
eliminated so as to permit a better retention of the cap on the
bottle by the combined action of the retaining ring and its
reinforcing ring.
In order to obtain a better internal seal with the cap it has
already been proposed to provide an internal skirt having two walls
of different thickness, the outermost of which cooperates with the
inside of the neck of the bottle and is provided at its lower part
with a rib forming a sealing member and affording on the other
hand, at the top of the neck of the bottle the possibility of
inserting between the external skirt of the cap and the internal
skirt of compressible plastic sealing member made, for example, of
a plastisol and capable of increasing this internal fluid
tightness.
In one of the embodiments of the invention the applicant has
provided a simple internal sealing skirt having a single wall
provided at its lower part with a deformable incurved bottom edge
and a lip normally inclined toward the center which can be
straightened toward a vertical position so as to be pressed against
the neck of the bottle during the closing of the bottle, the
internal skirt having an external diameter substantially greater
than the internal diameter of the said bottle so that it cannot be
inserted in the neck except by exerting a force on the bottom of
said skirt sufficient to simultaneously modify the curvature of the
bottom, the external diameter of the skirt and the orientation of
said lip.
Moreover the said lower incurved part is connected with the lip by
a neck facilitating the straightening of the lip into a vertical
position in alignment with the upper part of this skirt.
In another embodiment the incurved bottom is eliminated and
replaced by a flat part of substantially constant thickness closing
said sealing skirt at its upper end in which case the height of the
skirt is such that its lower part terminates beyond the lower part
of the external skirt carrying the retaining ring.
This external skirt itself preferably extends downwardly beyond the
retaining ring so as to improve the effectiveness of the
reinforcing ring before it is swung to permit it to serve as a
removing ring, and also to permit an increase in the thickness of
material in the neighborhood of the hinge and consequently the
strength of the connection between the removing ring and the cap
proper, the upper part of which connection is limited at the top of
the retaining ring to facilitate its swinging.
The internal sealing skirt provided in the second embodiment is
generally cylindrical in shape and has a lower part of reduced
thickness which permits the more ready introduction of said skirt
into the inside of the neck, and a thicker upper part which can be
inserted in said neck only by the application of considerable force
so as to insure the necessary seal and permit this cap to resist
the pressure of the gases contained in the bottle being closed by
said cap. The two parts of the internal sealing skirt have
different thicknesses, and while the internal wall of said skirt is
generally cylindrical, the two parts are connected to each other by
an externally frusto-conical portion positioned preferably at the
level of the retaining ring.
The invention also encompasses a process of capping a bottle with
the first embodiment of the new cap, characterized by the fact that
it utilizes a capping head of a particular shape, the central part
of which acts on the incurved end of said capsule so as to deform
it while reducing the diameter of the internal sealing skirt to
permit capping and cause straightening of the lip to a vertical
position, said capping head then causing the assembly of said cap
to descend until it abuts against the top of the neck of the bottle
so as to provide a quasi-continuous internal seal from the
retaining ring to the bottom of the straigtened lip along the
length of the two internal and external walls of the neck.
Of course, when the second embodiment of the new cap is used, it
suffices to exert sufficient force on the top of the cap to cause
simultaneous penetration of the inner sealing skirt into the neck
of the bottle and the retaining ring into the external groove in
the bottle neck.
The characteristics of the new cap will be better understood from a
reading of the following description of a preferred embodiment of
the invention, which description is given purely by way of
illustration and example, with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a diametral sectional view through a first embodiment of
the new cap before it is placed in position on a bottle;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the cap of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a diametral sectional view illustrating the cooperation
between the capping head and cap before it is placed on the neck of
the bottle;
FIG. 4 is a diametral sectional view of the assembly consisting of
the neck of the bottle, the cap and the capping head after the cap
has been placed on the neck of the bottle; and
FIG. 5 is a diametral sectional view of the second embodiment of
the new cap taken in a plane passing through the middle of the
hinge and the arcuate lifting projection.
FIG. 1 shows that the reinforcing ring 1 has a downwardly extending
frusto-conical portion 1a which extends for a certain distance
beneath the normal external retaining ring 2 having a constant
radial thickness, so as to make it impossible to effectively lift
the lower part 1b of the retaining ring on the side remote from the
recess 3 provided to permit pivoting of the reinforcing ring 1
about a part 4 acting as a hinge, and by means of which the
reinforcing ring is attached to the cap 5 proper.
In effect, as will be hereinafter seen, after capping, this lower
part extends so close to an enlargement beneath the recess in the
neck of the bottle that the insertion of a finger between this
enlargement and the reinforcing ring to raise the latter becomes
very difficult since the conical profile of the lower part of the
ring also prevents any effective grip on the lower part of the ring
1.
The bottom plan view of FIG. 2 also shows the thin lower edge 1b of
the ring 1.
As has already been said, the lower part 1a of the ring 1 beneath
the retaining ring 2 is pierced by two notches 6 visible on FIGS. 1
and 2, which are located preferably adjacent the ends 4a and 4b of
the hinge 4. The reinforcing ring 1, the larger part of which is
visible in particular on FIG. 2, is connected in a conventional
manner to the outer skirt 7 of the cap 5 by webs 8 which combine
with the notches 6 to insure the inviolability of the cap.
The recess 3 is provided with ribs 3a which prevent the finger from
sliding so as to permit it to lift the reinforcing ring 1 by
exerting force near the retaining ring 2 at a point at which the
enlarged portion of the ring 1 does not prevent such action, and
causing it to pivot about the hinge 4.
The internal sealing skirt 9 has, as indicated above, and as will
be seen in FIG. 3, an external diameter substantially larger than
the internal diameter of the neck of the bottle with which the cap
is to cooperate.
The incurved lower part of this sealing skirt is provided at its
periphery, at the point of connection to the vertical skirt 9, with
lip 11 which is conical in shape. The lower part 11a of this lip of
which is visible on FIGS. 1 and 2.
The narrow inner part of the retaining ring 2 is shown at 2a on
FIGS. 1 and 2, and the bottom of this retaining ring defines a
corner 12 also shown on FIGS. 1 and 2. The ribbed recess 3 may also
define at its upper end a horizontal ledge forming a sharp angle
with the cylindrical wall of said recess carrying the grooves 3a
and the diameter of the reinforcing ring 1 may be increased
adjacent to this recess so as to constitute an arcuate ridge
facilitating the pivoting of the reinforcing ring before its use as
a removing ring.
A neck 11b is formed at the junction between the skirt 9 and the
incurved bottom 10 so as to facilitate the straightening of the lip
11 to the vertical during removal of the cap.
Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4 it will be seen that the capping
head 13 matches the profile of the upper part of the cap 5 while
always remaining above the upper part 1c of the reinforcing ring
1.
The head 13 is provided with a hollow central projection 13a
pierced by a central hole 13b adapted to facilitate the operation
of automatic capping machinery through connection to a vacuum pump
so as to insure the adherence of the incurved part 10 of the cap to
the capping head 13 before the cap is mounted on the neck 14 of the
bottle.
It is easy to understand from FIG. 4 that the central projection
13a simultaneously deforms the bottom 10 to the position 10a as
shown on FIG. 4 at the same time that the flat part 13c of the
capping head is applied to the upper part of the cap 5. The
diameter of 9 is thus so substantially reduced as to permit it to
enter the neck 14. The lip 11 then assumes at 11c the vertical
position shown on FIG. 4 in which this lip is applied against the
inside of the neck 14.
In this manner a substantially continuous seal is provided from the
retaining ring 2 to the lower edge of the lip 11 and especially at
the level of the upper part of the cap 5. This seal is obtained
because of the difference in diameter between the skirt 9 and the
inside of the neck of the bottle and because of the necessity of
deforming it to impart thereto an increased height by straightening
the lip 11 to the vertical and applying it to the inside of said
neck.
The action of the retaining ring 2 having a constant radial
thickness and the reinforcing ring 1 prevents in practice any
possibility of removing the cap by acting on the part 1b of the
ring 1 on the side remote from the recess 3 since the shape of the
enlargement 14a of a neck of the bottle makes it impossible to
exert sufficiently great and long lasting force against the cap by
inserting a finger between this enlargement and the part 1b of the
reinforcing ring in view of the conical profile of the lower part
1a of the ring 1.
On the contrary, the lifting of the ring 1 and the rupture of the
connecting webs 8 is very easily produced by placing the index
finger in the ribbed recess 3.
FIG. 5 shows a reinforcing ring 1d the section of which is
comparable to that of the ring shown on FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, except
for the fact that the connecting hinge 4c connecting the ring and
capsule proper 5a of an increased height, as is the cap 5a itself
which extends to a level 12a lower than that of the retaining ring
2. The recess 3 and the ribs 3a visible in particular on FIG. 1 are
replaced by a rib 3b having a variable thickness in the shape of an
arc and projecting radially from the side opposite the hinge 4c.
FIG. 5 does not show the notches 6 visible on FIGS. 1 and 2, but
these could also be provided in this case.
Of course the reinforcing ring 1d is connecting to the outer part
of the peripheral skirt 7a, having a slightly increased height as
compared to the skirt 7 visible on FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, by connecting
webs comparable to those shown at 8 on FIG. 2.
It will be noted that, in the two embodiments described, the upper
part of the ring 1 or 1d is separated from the external skirt of 7
or 7a by a groove 7b in the vicinity of the connecting hinge 4 or
4c between these two members. The inner sealing skirt 9a of FIG. 5,
which replaces the skirt 9 having an incurved bottom shown on FIGS.
1, 3 and 4, has no bottom comparable to the deformable bottom 10
shown on FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 and does not have the lip 11a and neck
11b shown on FIG. 1.
This skirt 9a has, on the contrary, at its lower part, a thinner
portion 15 terminating in a frusto-conical part 16 connected to a
cylindrical part 17 of increased thickness, the external diameter
of which is sufficient to compensate for any probable variation in
the internal diameter of the necks of the bottles with which this
second embodiment of the cap is adapted to cooperate.
It is obvious that, in the case of the embodiment of FIG. 5, when
sufficient pressure is exerted on the top 18 of this cap, this will
cause the skirt part 17 having an increased thickness to penetrate
into the neck of the bottle and the retaining ring into the
external groove in said neck.
It will of course be appreciated that the embodiments which have
just been described may be modified as to detail without thereby
departing from the basic principles of the invention.
* * * * *