U.S. patent number 3,858,717 [Application Number 05/304,778] was granted by the patent office on 1975-01-07 for container for perishable foods.
Invention is credited to Leo Peters.
United States Patent |
3,858,717 |
Peters |
January 7, 1975 |
CONTAINER FOR PERISHABLE FOODS
Abstract
Maintaining retail-store shelf freshness of perishable foods by
means of a sliding sleeve structure within the container in which
said foods are shipped.
Inventors: |
Peters; Leo (Grand Rapids,
MI) |
Family
ID: |
23177973 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/304,778 |
Filed: |
November 8, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
206/738; D9/433;
211/59.2; 426/108; 206/459.5; 426/87; 426/115 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
5/724 (20130101); B65D 77/0433 (20130101); B65D
5/5246 (20130101); B65D 5/54 (20130101); B65D
5/4216 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
5/42 (20060101); B65D 5/54 (20060101); B65D
5/52 (20060101); B65D 5/44 (20060101); B65D
5/72 (20060101); B65D 77/04 (20060101); B65d
075/58 (); A47f 010/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;206/44R,44.12,45.15,45.16,DIG.26,DIG.32,56R,74 ;426/115 ;229/9
;211/49D |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Summer; Leonard
Claims
I claim:
1. A container adaptable for displaying its contents on a retail
store shelf comprising a shipping case dimensioned to fit onto the
display shelf of grocery stores and having a bottom wall, a sleeve
slidably supported on the bottom wall of the case whereby the
contents of the case are moved as the sleeve is moved over the
bottom wall, and a pull tab attached to the sleeve and lying flat
along the bottom wall of the case and extending from the sleeve a
sufficient distance so that it is covered by the contents of the
case when the case is full but is visible when about one-quarter of
the case's contents have been removed.
2. The container of claim 1 in which said sleeve is structured
completely closed at its bottom and back, partially closed at its
sides, completely open at its top and front, the front being the
end at which the pull tab is fastened to the sleeve, and partially
open at its sides.
3. The container of claim 2 in which the pull tab is provided with
means for permitting successive portions of the pull tab to be
removed as the sleeve is pulled forward incrementally.
4. A method of marketing individual packages of perishable food
products comprising the steps of:
placing a carton containing a plurality of the food packages on a
store shelf, the carton having a bottom wall and a sleeve slidably
supported by the bottom wall, the sleeve being equipped with a pull
tab extending over the bottom wall of the carton toward the front
of the carton, and
after some of the packages have been removed from the carton moving
the remaining packages forward by pulling the pull tab.
5. The method of claim 4 in which the remaining packages are pulled
forward after about half of the packages have been removed.
6. The method of claim 4 in which the portion of the pull tab
extending forwardly beyond the front of the carton is removed after
said remaining packages are pulled forward.
7. The method of claim 4 in which the remaining packages are pulled
forward until the forwardmost remaining package is positioned at
the front of the carton.
8. A combination shipping and display container for a plurality of
stacked units arranged in rows, the container having top, bottom,
front, rear, and opposite side walls, the top and front walls
adapted to be removed when the container is used as a display
container, a sleeve slidably supported by the bottom wall of the
container, the sleeve having a bottom wall supported by the bottom
wall of the container, a rear wall extending adjacent the rear wall
of the container, and opposite side walls extending adjacent the
side walls of the container, the bottom wall of the sleeve
extending from the back wall of the container for only a portion of
the length of the bottom wall of the container, and a pull tab
secured to the bottom wall of the sleeve and extending over the
bottom wall of the container toward the front wall.
9. The structure of claim 7 in which the pull tab is provided with
means for permitting successive portions of the pull tab to be
removed as the sleeve is pulled forward incrementally.
10. The structure of claim 8 in which the means for permitting
portions of the pull tab to be torn off includes spaced-apart lines
of weakness.
Description
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
Maintaining freshness of perishable foods on retail shelves has
always been a problem. Stated another way: guaranteeing that a
consumer never purchases a perishable item that is no longer
"fresh" is a problem that constantly plagues retail store
management. It is a problem that is of concern in such areas as
baked goods, fresh fruits and vegetables, and dairy products.
For purposes of illustration, this invention will use butter as the
exemplary item to describe the problem and its solution. Butter is
packaged for retail-store sale in 1/4-lb. sizes and multiples
thereof, in wrappers, cartons, and tubs. It is usually shipped to
retail stores, and held on store shelves under refrigerated
temperatures slightly above freezing; in the 38.degree. to
45.degree. F. range. At these temperatures butter will have a
maximum good freshness shelf life of about one week. Butter held on
retail shelves at higher temperatures and/or longer time periods
will have its deterioration rate rapidly accelerated and its
"freshness" rapidly dissipated.
The most critical problem confronting retailers is to watch the
time period that butter remains on their shelves. Specific
instructions and continuing measures (including hired auditors to
check on freshness dates) are taken to safeguard against any
over-extended time periods on their shelves. The manufacturers of
butter stamp code dates on every package to indicate the age of
package of butter. The dairy clerk has adamant instructions to
watch these dates and make sure that the oldest dates are kept in
the front part of the shelf so consumers will purchase these first.
It is at this point that butter frequently loses its freshness
because store management simply cannot get their dairy clerks to be
as careful as they should be in guarding the freshness dates of
butter.
The freshness of butter on retail store shelves is constantly
victimized by the fallibilities of human nature: laziness,
carelessness, negligence, irresponsibility and the burden of
performing a frequently all-too-time-consuming task. To keep butter
fresh, its position on the retail shelf must be such that the
oldest stock is always kept in front position. To do this properly:
at the time new stock is added to the shelf all old stock should be
removed from the shelf and the new stock placed in the background,
and then the old stock re-shelved in the foreground. However, this
procedure is all-too-frequently neglected and/or carelessly
performed because of the time and labor involved and/or the
inability to do so because of crowded shelf and/or aisle-way
space.
The net continuing result is that consumers frequently purchase
stale, over-aged, rancid butter. Practically all retail grocery
stores in this country are plagued with this condition.
It is the general objective of this invention to cure this
condition and solve this problem.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE INVENTION
Practically all grocery store shelves are so constructed, and
located in the store, that it is impossible to load goods on them
from the back. Merchandise must be loaded from the front.
Furthermore, merchandise that is stacked on these shelves is
tightly packed in side-to-side relationship so that it is a
practical impossibility to move it to one side in order to load new
stock in front of it. Therefore, when stocks on such shelves are
partially deleted, and new supplies are to be placed on the shelf
the following procedure must be followed with perishable
merchandise: (1) the old stock must be completely removed from the
shelf; (2) the new stock placed on the emptied shelf toward the
back; (3) the old stock then replaced on the shelf in front of the
new stock.
With a perishable such as butter this un-stacking, stacking, and
re-stacking chore should be performed at least every other day. But
because of the tight side-to-side and back-to-back shelf space
limitations within which butter is usually confined it it always a
difficult task to keep the old stock up in front. Many times
hard-pressed and/or negligent dairy clerks do not remove the old
product before placing the new product on the shelf. Management
issues firm orders to its dairy clerks (1) to keep shelves
well-stocked, and also (2) to keep the old stock in front. But,
because store management doesn't have the time to easily check the
coded freshness dates on butter packages but can easily notice
depleted shelf stocks, a dairy clerk that is hard pressed for time
will obey the order (the failure of which is most easily noticed)
to keep the shelves well stocked, but will disobey the order
(failure of which is not easily noticed) to keep old-dated stock in
front.
The result has been that consumers frequently purchase old, stale,
butter that has been on a grocery shelf much longer than its
freshness permits.
It is therefore a general objective of this invention to provide a
method and means whereby grocery-store dairy clerks will have their
work of positioning old and new butter on their shelves made
easier, and the butter itself provided with a better guarantee that
it will be sold before its freshness-date limit has expired.
In achieving this general objective, the following specific
objectives were developed:
1. A shipping case that can also serve as a shelf-display case. To
ease the burden of a busy dairy clerk, I discovered that if the
case in which butter is shipped to the retail store could also
serve as a shelf-display case, then the clerk could place the whole
case on the shelf without handling every individual package of
butter within the case. Since butter shipping cases usually contain
from 24 to 40 individual packages of butter, the amount of hand
labor and time can be reduced 24 to 40 times if an entire case
could be placed on a retail shelf rather than one individual
package at a time. Easing this burden of a dairy clerk would also
promote a better attitude toward watching his freshness dates. But
to produce this labor saving, and then the more important objective
of maintaining butter freshness, this case had to be designed to
function as a pre-condition for the functioning of my next
objectives.
2. A shipping case that will universally fit the width and depth
requirements of grocery-store shelves. The refrigerated shelves in
most present-day grocery stores generally have a depth (front to
back) measurement range of 15 inches to 24 inches. For a shipping
case to be universally adaptable to shelf display use, it should
therefore have at least a length or width dimension no greater than
about 15 inches.
The side-to-side dimension on a retail shelf is, of course,
practically limitless insofar as a case dimension is concerned. No
case could possibly have a dimension that would extend over the
entire length (side to side) of a retail shelf. Therefore, either
the length or width of my shipping case can be whatever dimension
is practical for the weight and quantity of butter within it.
3. A shipping case that (after it has been placed for display on a
retail shelf) will facilitate in-case movement of contents from
back to front, and allow the contents to be easily accessible for
purchasers to pick up without disturbing adjacent product.
To achieve this objective, the case should be (a) easily adaptable
and/or convertible from a shipping case to a display case, (b) with
some of its sides left intact to confine its contents and separate
them from adjacent displayed products, while (c) some of its sides
should be removable without disturbing and/or mutilating its
contents while at the same time (d) making such contents easily
accessible for purchasing.
4. A shipping case that will remain stationary in its shelf
position while the back half of its contents are moved en masse
forward. This is the important objective of this invention; the one
for which all the preceding specific objectives are preparatory
pre-conditions.
In order to achieve this objective, I developed the following
methods and means:
1. Fitting a slidable sleeve into the back half of my shipping
container so that it would at least partially enclose the back half
of my container's contents; the back half being the position to be
moved forward when the front half has been sold.
2. Having this sleeve structured, in its preferred embodiment, as
follows:
a. Made from paper, paperboard, or plastic film of a thickness
and/or strength to withstand without breaking the pressures from
content-weight and sliding friction when it, and its contents, are
moved forward.
b. Completely closed at its bottom and back, and partially closed
at its sides, to confine at least the back half of its contents for
a confined movement forward of the entire sleeve contents.
c. Completely open at its top and front, and partially open at its
sides to permit its contents to be completely and easily accessible
for a store customer to pick up after the sleeve and contents have
been moved forward.
d. A front to back bottom dimension equal to about one-half of the
container's contents.
e. A paper or plastic pull-tab to pull the sleeve and contents
forward when the front of the cases contents is sold: (1) of
sufficient strength to withstand without breaking the pull-pressure
required to move the sleeve and its contents forward; (2) of
sufficient length to make it visible when about half of the front
half of the containers' contents is sold; and (3) frangible so it
can be torn off after it has served its pull-forward function.
All of the preceding specific objectives in the order in which they
are listed cooperate to produce the final, simple, economical, and
effective functional result. The surprising elements in this novel
discovery are its simplicity and economy. It is simple to
incorporate as part of the container on the butter
packaging-assembly line; and it functions with simplicity and ease
on the store shelf. It uses an economically small amount of
material; it adds practically no cost to the assembly of the
container prior to filling in the contents. Withal it functions
with "foolproof" effectiveness.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The invention will be explained in conjunction with an illustrative
embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing in which
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a container formed in accordance
with the invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the sleeve which is slidably
positioned within the container;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the container and the sleeve with
the top and front of the container removed;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the container and the sleeve
showing the container filled with a plurality of stacked items;
and
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 showing half of the contents of
the container removed and the sleeve in a forward position within
the container.
DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENT
Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 3 the numeral 10 designates generally
a combination shipping and display container. The container is
provided in the form of a box having a front wall 11, a rear wall
12, a bottom wall 13, a top wall 14, and opposite side walls 15 and
16. The top wall is advantageously provided with instructions for
using the container as a display carton as illustrated in FIG. 1
and indicated by the numbers 1 through 5.
The front wall 11 and the top wall 14 are adapted to be removed
from the remainder of the container, as by cutting, when the
container is to be used as a display carton, and for this purpose
the side wall 15 is provided with a dotted line or other indicia
indicated at 17 adjacent the upper edge of the side wall and a
dotted line 18 extending downwardly adjacent the front edge of the
side wall. The front wall 11 is provided with a dotted line 19
extending adjacent the bottom edge thereof. The other side wall 16
is provided with indicia similar to the indicia 17 and 18 of the
side wall 15, and similar indicia can be provided adjacent the
upper edge of the rear wall 12. Grocery store clerks are accustomed
to cutting open containers with knives, razor blades, or similar
tools, and the front and top walls of the container can be easily
removed by cutting along the indicia of the walls of the container.
The top and front walls can thereafter be removed to expose the
interior of the container and the contents thereof as illustrated
in FIG. 4.
Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, sleeve 20 is slidably positioned at
the rear of the container and includes a bottom wall 21 supported
by the bottom wall of the container, a rear wall 22 which extends
upwardly alongside the rear wall 12 of the container, and generally
triangularly shaped side walls 23 and 24 which extend adjacent the
side walls 15 and 16, respectively. The sleeve is advantageously
sized so that the side walls thereof extend closely adjacent to the
side walls of the container, and the height of the rear wall 22 is
substantially the same as the height of the rear wall 12 after the
top wall has been cut away. The bottom wall 21 extends over only a
portion of the bottom wall 13, and in the particular embodiment
illustrated the front edge 25 thereof extends approximately midway
between the front and rear of the container when the back wall 22
is positioned against the back wall 12.
A pull tab 26 is secured to the bottom wall 21 and extends
forwardly over the bottom wall 13. When the sleeve is positioned
against the rear wall of the container, the forward end of the pull
tab advantageously terminates at or slightly behind the front edge
of the bottom wall 13.
The container and the sleeve are particularly suitable for use with
shipping and displaying a plurality of columns of stacked items 27
shown in FIG. 4 which may be arranged in longitudinal rows
extending from front to rear and in transverse rows extending from
side to side. The particular units 27 illustrated in FIG. 4 are 1/4
pound packages of butter, and the invention finds particular
utility with butter. Each of the packages 27 illustrated include a
flat base 28 and a somewhat dome-shaped blister or cover 29 which
encloses the contents of the package. The packages in the right
hand row of FIG. 4 are stacked in an upright position, and the
packages of the left hand row are stacked in an inverted position.
However, the items can all be stacked in the same way, or the
stacking position can be varied in other ways, as, for example, by
alternating the position of the packages in alternate vertically
extending columns or stacks.
When the container is filled as in FIG. 4, the packages 27 are
supported by the bottom wall 13 of the container, and some of the
packages are also supported by the bottom wall 21 of the sleeve.
The pull tab 26 is substantially or completely covered by the
packages. The packages are exposed by the cut away front and top of
the container, and the consumer can examine and remove the packages
from the container without difficulty.
When one or more transversely extending rows of packages have been
removed from the container, the forward end of the pull tab 26 is
exposed, depending upon the length of the tab. The clerk can then
grasp the pull tab and pull the sleeve forwardly until the
forwardmost remaining transversely extending row of packages is
positioned adjacent the front of the container. Since the rear wall
of the sleeve extends upwardly for the full height of the stacked
packages, the packages will be moved forwardly without relative
shifting between the columns even if some of the packages are
positioned forwardly of the sleeve and are not supported by the
bottom wall thereof. The stacks are prevented from tumbling as they
are pulled forwardly by the side walls of the container and the
rear wall of the sleeve.
As each succeeding transverse row of packages is removed, the
sleeve can be incrementally moved forwardly until the front edge
thereof is positioned adjacent the front edge of the bottom wall of
the container as shown in FIG. 5. As portions of the pull tab are
pulled beyond the front edge of the bottom wall 13, these portions
can be cut or torn off, or the forward portion of the pull tab can
be folded below the bottom of the container. In order to facilitate
the tearing off of portions of the pull tab as the sleeve is
advanced incrementally to position the packages at the front of the
container, the pull tab can be provided with score lines or lines
of weakness indicated at 32 which, in the embodiment illustrated,
also form the instructional words "Pull Forward."
In the particular embodiment illustrated, four transversely
extending rows of packages were carried by the container, and the
bottom wall of the sleeve supported the two rearward rows. The
sleeve could then be pulled forwardly after one of both of the two
forward rows of packages had been removed. However, it will be
understood that more or less of the transverse rows of packages can
be supported by the bottom wall of the sleeve.
The sleeve can be made of paper, paperboard, plastic or other
material which has sufficient strength to permit the packages to be
pulled forwardly. The tab can be formed of paper, plastic, or other
material having sufficient strength to pull the sleeve without
breaking, and material which can be easily torn or cut after the
tab has pulled the container forwardly is particularly suitable.
The weight of the packages 27 hold the bottom wall of the sleeve
flat, and the side walls tie the rear wall to the bottom wall and
prevent the rear wall from folding or bending rearwardly as the tab
is pulled forwardly.
For example, another preferred embodiment is to provide a sleeve
that is a complete thin-paper wrap-around of the top, bottom, front
and back sides of the back half of said case's contents while
leaving the two opposite sides 23 and 24 completely missing. Being
made of thin-paper, such a sleeve can be easily torn apart and
slipped off its enclosed contents after said contents have been
slid forward.
While in the foregoing specification, a detailed description of a
specific embodiment of the invention was set forth for the purpose
of illustration, it is to be understood that many of the details
herein given may be varied considerably by those skilled in the art
without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *