U.S. patent number 3,857,503 [Application Number 05/411,339] was granted by the patent office on 1974-12-31 for refuse container retaining means for invertable container rack of refuse truck.
Invention is credited to Donald C. Brown.
United States Patent |
3,857,503 |
Brown |
December 31, 1974 |
REFUSE CONTAINER RETAINING MEANS FOR INVERTABLE CONTAINER RACK OF
REFUSE TRUCK
Abstract
Gravity-operated pivotally mounted retainers or stops for refuse
containers or barrels move automatically into active positions
relative to the containers as the latter are being moved with their
supporting rack between a ground level container upright position
to an overhead inverted dumping or washing position. The retainers
move automatically to their inactive or release positions by
gravity when the rack is returned to its lowered position with the
containers. During transporting the retainers or stops may be held
in the active positions by flexible tying element.
Inventors: |
Brown; Donald C. (Botkins,
OH) |
Family
ID: |
23628528 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/411,339 |
Filed: |
October 30, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
414/420;
414/406 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65F
3/041 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65F
3/02 (20060101); B65F 3/04 (20060101); B65f
003/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;214/302,303,313,317,318,314 ;211/71,81,84 ;248/128 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Tollberg; Stanley H.
Assistant Examiner: Marmor; Charles A.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Weaver; D. Paul
Claims
I claim:
1. A refuse container lifting and inverting rack for use with a
refuse truck or the like having power means to move the rack
between a ground level upright position and an overhead inverted
container dumping position, said rack comprising a body portion
having a floor and side walls defining at least one compartment for
a refuse container, said compartment having an open side through
which a container may be placed in the rack or removed therefrom
and having an open top, a pair of fixed retainer elements on said
side walls at the top of the rack and projecting over said open top
of the compartment to prevent endwise movement of a container
therein when the rack is inverted, a pair of generally triangular
gravity activated retainer plates pivotally mounted in opposing
relation on said side walls near and inwardly of the open side of
the compartment, the pivot axes of said retainer plates being
parallel and somewhat inclined to the horizontal when said rack is
at said ground level upright position, said retainer plates then
hanging freely and lying substantially flush against said side
walls with corresponding vertexes arranged lowermost and
corresponding lowermost side edges facing downwardly, and means on
said retainer plates for limiting movement of said retainer plates
beyond a position where they are substantially perpendicular to
said side walls, whereby when said rack is moved toward said
overhead inverted dumping position said pivoted retainer plates
move by gravity to substantially horizontal opposing positions with
their last-named corresponding side edges converging toward the
open side of said compartment and projecting inwardly of said side
walls to block the movement of a container in the compartment
through said open side.
2. The structure of claim 1, wherein said limiting means includes
corresponding edges on said pivoted retainer plates that are
parallel to said side walls and which are eccentric to said pivot
axes so that said edges will abut the side walls and form positive
stops to limit the pivotal movement of said retainer plates in one
direction beyond their active horizontal positions.
3. The structure of claim 2, wherein each pivoted triangular
retainer plate has a pivot shaft secured thereto along one straight
edge thereof and bearings rotatably supporting end portions of said
shaft and secured to said side walls.
4. The structure of claim 1, and said retainer plates having short
right angular flanges adjacent said vertexes which engage said side
walls of the rack while the retainer plates are in their inactive
free-hanging positions.
5. The structure of claim 1, and said retainer plates arranged in
two vertically spaced pairs on said side walls to block movement of
a refuse container at two elevations when the retainer plates are
in their active horizontal positions.
6. The structure of claim 1, wherein said rack body portion has
plural spaced side walls and a common rear wall thereby forming
multiple refuse container compartments therein each having an open
top and one open side, said fixed retainer elements comprising
rigid bars which project partially across the open tops of said
compartments at approximately the front-to-back centers thereof,
and said pivoted retainer plates mounted on opposite sides of all
of said compartments between said fixed retainer elements and said
open sides of the compartments.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The rendering industry utilizes rather sophisticated refuse trucks
for collecting and transporting meat scraps, animal skins and other
debris. Such trucks have sealed refuse bodies and tailgates and
include power means to move a plurality of large refuse drums from
a ground level loading position to overhead refuse dumping and drum
washing positions. During such movement, the drums or containers
are supported on a rack which is attached to vertically swingable
pivoted lifting arms, and the latter are powered in a controlled
manner by a linkage which includes a pair of hydraulic
cylinders.
The required movement of the containers and the necessity for
inverting them during their movement makes it essential that the
heavy containers be secured and stabilized at all times on their
supporting rack to prevent displacement and dropping of the
containers. The objective of this invention is to provide an
extremely simple and very effective mechanical retainer means for
this purpose which is automatic in operation under the influence of
gravity to assure that the containers will be securely held against
unwanted displacement at the proper times and will be automatically
released for removal from the rack at the proper times. The simple
retainer means involves a number of pivotally mounted plate
elements whose pivotal support axes are arranged geometrically to
assure that these elements will automatically swing to and from
their active positions at the proper times during the cycle of
operation of the container lifting and lowering means. The simple
mechanism is fool-proof, very economical to construct and extremely
durable, requiring essentially no maintenance. Its use eliminates
the need for unreliable makeshift and unsightly container holding
means in the form of chain hold-down arrangements, ropes or
mechanical clamps which must be manually operated to effect the
release of the containers from their rack. While the invention is
particularly concerned with the stabilizing of refuse containers
during their movement to and from inverted positions on a truck,
the invention is also adapted to secure the refuse containers
during transportation on a roadway by the additional use of
flexible tying elements, such as tarp straps, to hold the
gravity-operated containers temporarily in their active
positions.
Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent
during the course of the following detailed description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING FIGURES
FIG. 1 is a partly diagrammatic side elevation of a refuse truck
and container handling means of a type on which the invention is
utilized.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the retainer means of the invention
in the inactive or container release position as when the
containers are in a ground level upright loading position.
FIG. 3 is a side elevation of the invention as shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a bottom plan view of the retainer means and associated
rack in the elevated inverted position where the retainers are
automatically activated to prevent refuse drum displacement.
FIG. 5 is a side elevation of the inverted rack and associated
elements as shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary vertical section taken on line 6--6 of FIG.
3.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged side elevational view of one gravity-operated
retainer element or plate and associated supporting means.
FIG. 8 is an edge elevational view of the device shown in FIG.
7.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring to the drawings in detail wherein like numerals designate
like parts throughout, and referring initially to FIG. 1, there is
shown therein a refuse truck 20 of the type employed in the
rendering industry to collect and transport meat scraps, skins and
the like. This truck embodies a refuse container handling means in
the form of a power-operated lifting and lowering mechanism 21 for
refuse containers 22 and a sturdy rack 23 for the support of the
containers or drums during their handling. The rack 23 is fixed on
swingable arms 24 of the mechanism and these arms are activated by
power cylinders 25 and the associated linkage between the cylinders
and arms, as shown in FIG. 1.
The container handling mechanism has a full down ground level
loading position A where the containers 22 are level and upright, a
somewhat elevated transporting position B at tailgate level and
overhead refuse dumping and container washing positions C and D
where the containers 22 and rack are inverted. As previously
stated, the invention has for its main purpose the securing and the
prevention of displacement of the containers from the carrying rack
23 during the movement thereof to and from the positions A and
D.
Referring now to all of the drawing figures, it may be seen that
the refuse container or drum rack is of rigid and unitary
construction, being formed of welded plate stock and includes a
bottom wall or floor 26, a rear upright wall 27 and intermediate
divider walls 28, and outer sides walls 29. The top of the rack 23
and its forward side are essentially open, and the vertical walls
28 and 29 divide the rack into three equal sized compartments 30
for the containers 22, such as ordinary 55 gallon drums. These
containers or drums rest upon the bottom wall 26 of the rack with
generous clearance between the side walls and rear wall, as
indicated in the drawings.
To secure and stabilize the containers 22 during their movement to
inverted positions as described in connection with FIG. 1, fixed
rigid stop lugs 31 are welded or otherwise rigidly secured to the
vertical walls 28 and 29, substantially midway between the rear
wall 27 and the forward open side of the rack. In all inverted or
partially inverted positions of the containers, FIG. 1, the fixed
stops 31 prevent downward displacement or falling of the containers
due to the action of gravity. When the containers 22 and rack are
at ground level, position A, FIG. 1, or at transporting position B,
the fixed stops 31 will not interfere with the rearward removal of
the containers 22 from compartments 30 whenever this is
desired.
As stated, the invention additionally comprises as the main
elements thereof a series of gravity-operated pivotally mounted
positively acting retainers or stop elements 32, each in the form
of a generally triangular sturdy metal plate. As shown in FIGS. 3
and 5, these retainers or stop elements are provided in two
vertically spaced series or sets at different elevations on the
rack 23. This is simply for added security and in some cases a
single set of the retainers 32 may be utilized, and a single set is
thought to be entirely adequate. As shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 6, the
pivoted retainers 32 are mounted near and inwardly of the open
forward side of the rack 23 with the lower set relatively close to
the bottom wall 26 and the upper set somewhat above the vertical
center of the rack. As shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 6, the fixed stop
elements 31 are somewhat rearwardly of the pivoted retainers 32. A
pair of the retainers 32 is mounted on each divider wall 28 for
each set, and single retainers 32 for each set are mounted on each
outer side wall 29. The retainers 32 of each set are all mounted at
the same elevation on the rack considerably below the elevation of
the fixed stops 31.
Each roughly triangular retainer 32, when in the free-hanging
inactive position, FIGS. 2, 3 and 6, has its tapered end arranged
lowermost, such end carrying a right angular lip or flange 33 which
abuts the adjacent wall 28 or 29 to maintain the body portion of
the retainer 32 parallel therewith in the non-use position. The
wide top end of each retainer plate 32 is equipped with an axle 34,
welded thereto, and the projecting ends of this axle are loosely
journaled in U-bearings 35, welded or otherwise rigidly secured to
the adjacent face of one of the vertical walls 28 or 29, as the
case may be. In this manner, the retainer plates 32 are freely
pivotally mounted and free-swinging in their bearings so as to be
automatically operable by gravity.
Referring to FIG. 6, the axes of the pivoted retainers 32 are all
parallel and are all inclined below the horizontal approximately 15
degrees. This angularity of the pivotal axes of the retainers is
essential in assuring the proper automatic operation in response to
gravity as the rack 23 and refuse containers 22 are moved by the
mechanism 21 from positions A through D and vice-versa, FIG. 1.
More particularly, when the rack 23 with containers 22 is at
position A, FIG. 1, the pivoted retainers 32 under influence of
gravity will all be hanging in the inactive vertical positions
shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 6 and at this time the containers or drums
22 may be removed from or placed into the rack compartments 30
without interference. When the rack is elevated toward either of
the positions C or D where the containers 22 are inverted for
dumping or washing, the fixed stops 31 will prevent downward
falling of the containers from the rack compartments. Similarly,
during this movement of the rack from position A toward position C
or D, a point will be reached where the inclined axes of the axles
34 pass the vertical or dead center position, whereupon the
retainer plates 32 will swing under influence of gravity to their
active positions shown particularly in FIGS. 4 and 5 and will
remain in such positions until the rack and containers during
reverse movement toward position A pass the point where the
elements 32 will drop back to their free-hanging inactive
positions, FIGS. 2, 3 and 6. When this occurs, the containers 22
will have entered a region with the rack where they are generally
level without any tendency to be dislodged through the open side of
the rack.
When the retainers 32 are in the active container retaining
positions, their diagonal edges 36, FIG. 4 will lie across frontal
portions of the containers roughly tangent thereto and the
containers or drums will be prevented during the inverting movement
or return movement from falling out of the open side of the rack
23. When in the active retaining positions, FIGS. 4 and 5, the
interior edges 37 of the retainers will abut the adjacent walls 28
and 29 immediately below the axes of pivot axles 34, FIG. 5, so
that it will be impossible for the elements 32 to swing below their
active positions or to collapse against the walls 28 and 29 while
the rack is inverted. The retainer elements 32 are entirely
gravity-operated and automatic and require no manual manipulation.
In conjunction with the fixed elements 31 and the walls of the
rack, the pivoted retainers 32 assure that the containers 22 are
properly held stabilized against any tendency to fall out of the
rack during movement to and from inverted positions. Also, when in
the level loading position A, the collapsed elements 32 will never
interfere with the free entry and removal of containers from the
rack, which containers simply slide under the fixed stops 31 at
this time.
During road travel, with the rack in position B, the coacting pairs
of pivoted retainers 32 may be held in their active positions as
shown in broken lines in FIG. 3 by suitable flexible ties 38, such
as tarp straps or the like. This assures that the containers will
not fall out of the rack 23 on the road.
The rack compartments 30 are sized to accommodate drums which vary
in diameter and in height through a considerable range and in this
sense the invention is very flexible in its application.
It is to be understood that the form of the invention herewith
shown and described is to be taken as a preferred example of the
same, and that various changes in the shape, size and arrangement
of parts may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit of
the invention or scope of the subjoined claims.
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