U.S. patent number 3,857,323 [Application Number 05/293,757] was granted by the patent office on 1974-12-31 for slide guide for rifles.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Sturm, Ruger & Co. Inc.. Invention is credited to William B. Ruger, Harry H. Sefried, II.
United States Patent |
3,857,323 |
Ruger , et al. |
December 31, 1974 |
SLIDE GUIDE FOR RIFLES
Abstract
A gas operated auto-loading rifle having a longitudinally
reciprocating slide connected to and operating the breech bolt of
the rifle is provided with slide guide means that prevents
significant lateral and vertical movement of the slide during its
to-and-fro longitudinal travel and also insures proper positioning
of the slide block with respect to the gas pipe of the rifle barrel
when the slide is at its forwardmost position. The slide guide
comprises a channel-shaped member that extends along the slide from
adjacent the gas pipe to adjacent the receiver, the bottom wall and
upstanding side walls of the channel-shaped member being disposed
in close proximity to the bottom and side surfaces of the slide
block. Means are provided for securing the forward end of the
channel-shaped member to the barrel in position relative to the gas
pipe to insure that the slide block and the gas pipe are disposed
in cooperating operational relationship when the slide is at its
forward position, and means are provided for securing the rearward
end of the channel-shaped member at the receiver. The
channel-shaped member serves to guide the reciprocating slide block
and to protect and reinforce the forearm of the stock of the
rifle.
Inventors: |
Ruger; William B. (Southport,
CT), Sefried, II; Harry H. (New Haven, CT) |
Assignee: |
Sturm, Ruger & Co. Inc.
(Southport, CT)
|
Family
ID: |
23130454 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/293,757 |
Filed: |
October 2, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
89/191.01;
42/71.01 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41A
5/18 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F41A
5/00 (20060101); F41A 5/18 (20060101); F41d
005/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;42/71R,75A
;89/191R,192,193,196 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Bentley; Stephen C.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Pennie & Edmonds
Claims
We claim:
1. In a gas operated auto-loading rifle having a receiver, a barrel
secured to the receiver, a gas pipe mounted on the barrel with the
axis thereof generally parallel to the bore of the barrel, the gas
pipe being closed at its forward end and having an opening at its
rearward end, a gas port for powder combustion gases formed in the
side wall of the barrel and communicating with the bore of the
barrel and with the gas pipe, a bolt slidably mounted for
longitudinal travel in the receiver behind the barrel, a slide
having a slide handle connected to the bolt and a slide block
disposed adjacent the opening at the rearward end of the gas pipe,
said slide being movable longitudinally with respect to the barrel
from a forward position at which the bolt is closed to a rearward
position at which the bolt is open, a slide spring urging the slide
to its forward bolt closed position, co-acting slide drive means
associated with the slide and the gas pipe for driving the slide to
its rearward bolt open position when powder combustion gases enter
the gas pipe, and guide means for guiding the slide block, the
improvement which comprises;
slide guide means for guiding the slide block as the slide moves
longitudinally with respect to the barrel, said guide means
comprising:
an elongated generally channel-shaped member that is disposed
beneath the barrel and that extends along the slide from adjacent
the gas pipe to adjacent the receiver, said channel-shaped member
having a bottom wall, two side walls and an open top, the bottom
wall and the upstanding side walls of the channel-shaped members
being disposed in close proximity to the bottom and side surfaces
of the slide block and the underside of the barrel being disposed
in close proximity to the top surface of the slide block whereby
said bottom wall and side walls of the channel-shaped member and
the underside of the barrel cooperate to guide the slide block and
to maintain it in alignment with the gas pipe as the slide moves
longitudinally with respect to the barrel,
means for releasably securing the forward end of the channel-shaped
member to the barrel in position relative to the gas pipe to insure
that the co-acting slide drive means of the slide and the gas pipe
are disposed in operational relationship when the slide is moved to
its forward position, and
means for releasably securing the rearward end of the
channel-shaped member at the receiver.
2. The rifle according to claim 1 in which the slide block is
provided with a pair of upper guide ears that extend upwardly on
opposite sides of said slide block in close proximity to the
corresponding opposite side surfaces of the barrel.
3. The rifle according to claim 1 in which the rifle has a stock
and stock forearm, the forearm being formed with a channel-shaped
longitudinal recess in which the channel-shaped slide guide member
is received, said slide guide member serving as a liner that
protects and reinforces said forearm.
4. The rifle according to claim 1 in which the gas pipe has a
rearward facing stationary piston portion disposed at the rearward
end thereof, said stationary piston portion having a longitudinal
hole extending therethrough, and in which the slide block is formed
with a forward facing gas chamber in which the rearward facing
stationary piston portion of the gas pipe is received when the
slide is at its forward position.
5. The rifle according to claim 1 in which a movable piston is
mounted for longitudinal travel within the gas pipe, said movable
piston being driven rearwardly when powder combustion gases enter
the gas pipe, said movable piston having a rearward extension that
extends through the rearward opening of the gas pipe, and in which
the forward end of the slide block contacts the rearward extension
of the movable piston when the slide is at its forward
position.
6. The rifle according to claim 1 in which a movable piston is
mounted for longitudinal travel within the gas pipe, said movable
piston being driven rearwardly when powder combustion gases enter
the gas pipe, and in which the forward end of the slide block is
provided with a forward extension that extends through the rearward
opening of the gas pipe and contacts the movable piston within the
gas pipe when the slide is at its forward position.
7. The rifle according to claim 1 in which the slide spring is a
compression coil spring the rearward end of which is mounted on the
receiver and the forward portion of which is received in a
longitudinal spring receiving recess formed in the slide block, the
spring receiving recess being disposed in vertically overlapping
relationship with respect to the gas pipe, the forward end of said
spring receiving recess being located in the slide block a short
distance rearwardly from the rearward end of said gas pipe.
8. In a gas operated auto-loading rifle having a receiver, a stock
and stock forearm, a barrel secured to the receiver, a gas pipe
mounted on the barrel with the axis thereof generally parallel to
the bore of the barrel, the gas pipe being closed at its forward
end and having an opening at its rearward end, a gas port for
powder combustion gases formed in the side wall of the barrel and
communicating with the bore of the barrel and with the gas pipe, a
bolt slidably mounted for longitudinal travel in the receiver
behind the barrel, a slide having a slide handle connected to the
bolt and a slide block disposed adjacent the opening at the
rearward end of the gas pipe, said slide being movable
longitudinally with respect to the barrel from a forward position
at which the bolt is closed to a rearward position at which the
bolt is open, a slide spring urging the slide to its forward bolt
closed position, co-acting slide drive means associated with the
slide and the gas pipe for driving the slide to its rearward bolt
open position when powder combustion gases enter the gas pipe, and
guide means for guiding the slide block as the slide moves
longitudinally with respect to the barrel, the improvement in slide
guide means which comprises:
an elongated generally channel-shaped member that is disposed
beneath the barrel and that extends along the slide from adjacent
the gas pipe to adjacent the receiver, means for releasably
securing the forward end of the channel-shaped member to the barrel
in position relative to the gas pipe to insure that the co-acting
slide drive means of the slide and the gas pipe are disposed in
operational relationship when the slide is moved to its forward
position, and means for releasably securing the rearward end of the
channel-shaped member at the receiver, said channel-shaped member
having a bottom wall, two side walls and an open top, the bottom
wall and upstanding side walls of the channel-shaped member being
disposed in close proximity to the bottom and side surfaces of the
slide block, said bottom wall and the underside of the barrel
cooperating to prevent significant vertical movement of the slide
block and said side walls cooperating to prevent significant
lateral movement of the slide block while permitting free
longitudinal movement thereof,
the stock forearm being formed with a channel-shaped longitudinal
recess in which the channel-shaped slide guide member is received,
said slide guide member serving as a liner that protects and
reinforces said forearm, and a U-shaped end cap being secured to
the forward end of the channel-shaped slide guide member, the
forward end portion of the channel-shaped member and the U-shaped
end cap defining a rearward facing U-shaped recess in which the
forward end of the forearm is received.
9. In a gas operated auto-loading rifle having a receiver, a barrel
secured to the receiver, a gas pipe mounted on the barrel with the
axis thereof generally parallel to the bore of the barrel, the gas
pipe being closed at its forward end and having an opening at its
rearward end, a gas port for powder combustion gases formed in the
side wall of the barrel and communicating with the bore of the
barrel and with the gas pipe, a bolt slidably mounted for
longitudinal travel in the receiver behind the barrel, a slide
having a slide handle connected to the bolt and a slide block
disposed adjacent the opening at the rearward end of the gas pipe,
said slide being movable longitudinally with respect to the barrel
from a forward position at which the bolt is closed to a rearward
position at which the bolt is open, a slide spring urging the slide
to its forward bolt closed position, co-acting slide drive means
associated with the slide and the gas pipe for driving the slide to
its rearward bolt open position when powder combustion gases enter
the gas pipe, and guide means for guiding the slide block as the
slide moves longitudinally with respect to the barrel, the
improvement in slide guide means which comprises;
an elongated generally channel-shaped member that is disposed
beneath the barrel and that extends along the slide from adjacent
the gas pipe to adjacent the receiver, means for releasably
securing the forward end of the channel-shaped member to the barrel
in position relative to the gas pipe to insure that the co-acting
slide drive means of the slide and the gas pipe are disposed in
operational relationship when the slide is moved to its forward
position, and means for releasably securing the rearward end of the
channel-shaped member at the receiver, said channel-shaped member
having a bottom wall, two side walls and an open top, the bottom
wall and upstanding side walls of the channel-shaped member being
disposed in close proximity to the bottom and side surfaces of the
slide block, said bottom wall and the underside of the barrel
cooperating to prevent significant vertical movement of the slide
block and said side walls cooperating to prevent significant
lateral movement of the slide block while permitting free
longitudinal movement thereof, the inner surfaces of the bottom and
side walls of the channel-shaped member being formed with
longitudinally extending guide ribs disposed in close proximity to
the corresponding bottom and side surfaces of the slide block.
10. The rifle according to claim 9 in which the gas pipe is mounted
on a gas block which is mounted on the barrel, and in which the gas
block is provided with rearwardly extending slide guide locating
lugs, said locating lugs engaging the forward end of the
channel-shaped slide guide member and positioning said forward end
relative to said gas pipe.
11. The rifle according to claim 10 in which a U-shaped end cap is
secured to the forward end of the channel-shaped slide guide member
and in which the lower periphery of the gas block is formed with a
rearwardly extending U-shaped slide guide locating ledge disposed
radially outwardly with respect to said slide guide locating lugs,
said locating ledge engaging the outer peripheral surface of the
U-shaped end cap and said locating lugs engaging the inner
peripheral surface of the said channel-shaped slide guide
member.
12. The rifle according to claim 11 in which the rifle has a stock
and stock forearm, the forearm being formed with a channel-shaped
longitudinal recess in which the channel-shaped slide guide member
is received, and in which the forward end portion of the
channel-shaped member and the U-shaped end cap define a rearward
facing U-shaped recess in which the forward end of the forearm is
received.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to gas operated auto-loading rifles.
2. The Prior Art
Gas operated auto-loading rifles of the type to which the present
invention relates have a barrel, a receiver on which the barrel is
mounted, a breech bolt mounted in the receiver behind the barrel, a
trigger and related parts, a magazine, and a mechanism actuated by
powder combustion gases when the rifle is fired which operates the
bolt to extract and eject the spent cartridge case and to insert a
fresh cartridge in the chamber of the rifle barrel. A gas pipe is
disposed below the barrel generally parallel thereto, and the
barrel is formed with a gas port that communicates with the bore
and with the gas pipe so that powder gases from the bore are
directed to the gas-actuated bolt operating mechanism associated
with the gas pipe. The mechanism for operating the bolt comprises a
longitudinally movable slide having a slide handle portion that is
connected to the bolt and a slide block portion that is disposed
adjacent the gas pipe when the slide spring moves the slide to its
forward position. When the slide is at its forward position, the
slide block is in position to be acted upon, directly or
indirectly, by the powder gases entering the gas pipe when the
rifle is fired so as to drive the slide rearwardly against the
compression of the slide spring and thus operate the bolt in the
manner described.
The slide moves longitudinally at great speed to its rearward
position and then to its forward position when the rifle is fired,
and malfunctioning and damage to the mechanism will occur unless
the high speed reciprocating travel of the slide, and in particular
the slide block, is contained and controlled. In conventional
auto-loading rifles of the type to which the invention relates the
slide block is provided with slide block guide means for guiding
the slide block as it travels between the gas pipe and the receiver
of the rifle. The slide block guide usually comprises a
longitudinally disposed rod or similar member which extends through
a longitudinal hole formed in the slide block, the guide rod being
secured at its forward end to the gas block on which the gas pipe
is mounted and at its rearward end to the receiver of the rifle. As
the slide guide rod and the gas pipe cannot occupy the same area or
space they must be vertically spaced from one another, and the
slide block must have sufficient vertical depth to accommodate the
correspondingly vertically spaced slide guide rod hole. This, in
turn, means that the stock forearm in which the slide block and
slide guide rod are received must be bulky enough and deep enough
to accommodate these deep and bulky parts.
The inherent bulkiness of the stock forearm of conventional medium
caliber automatic rifles (for example, the .30 caliber M14 rifle)
is not objectional as it is in correct proportion to the size of
the other components of these relatively large rifles. However,
when it is desired to build a smaller and lighter "scaled down"
automatic rifle that fires smaller caliber high power ammunition
(say, .223 caliber ammunition), the inherent bulkiness of the stock
forearm required by the slide block and slide guide rod results in
a rifle the proportions and handling characteristics of which make
the rifle unacceptable to most shooters. As a result of an
extensive investigation into the problems involved in the design
and manufacture of a reliable "scaled down" automatic rifle for
small caliber high power ammunition having acceptable proportions
and handling characteristics, we have now devised an improved slide
guide for the slide block of such rifles which eliminates the bulky
guide rod of conventional rifles while providing added protection
and reinforcement to the stock forearm.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The improved slide guide means of the invention is applicable to
the previously described type of gas operated autoloading rifle
having a slide which is acted upon, directly or indirectly, by
powder gases entering gas gas pipe of the rifle when the rifle is
fired so as to drive the slide rearwardly against the compression
of the slide spring and thus operate the bolt in the manner
described. Basically, the slide guide means comprises an elongated
generally channel-shaped member that extends along the slide from
adjacent the gas pipe to adjacent the receiver of the rifle, the
bottom wall and upstanding side walls of the channel-shaped member
being disposed in close proximity to the bottom and side surfaces
of the slide block to prevent significant lateral or vertical
movement while permitting longitudinal movement of the slide block.
Means are provided for securing the forward end of the
channel-shaped member to the barrel in position relative to the gas
pipe to insure that the coacting slide drive means associated with
the slide block and the gas pipe are disposed in operational
relationship when the slide is moved to its forward position, and
means are provided for securing the rearward end of the
channel-shaped member to the rifle at the receiver. Advantageously,
the slide block is provided with a pair of upper guide ears that
extend upwardly on opposite sides of the slide block in close
proximity to the opposite side surfaces of the barrel to prevent
significant lateral movement of the upper part of the slide block
as it moves longitudinally with respect to the barrel.
The rifle usually is provided with a stock and stock forearm, the
forearm being formed with a channel-shaped longitudinal recess in
which the channel-shaped slide guide member is received, the slide
guide member thus serving as a liner that protects and reinforces
the forearm. A U-shaped end cap is advantageously secured to the
forward end of the channel-shaped slide guide member, the forward
end of the slide guide member and the end cap defining a rearward
facing U-shaped recess in which the forward end of the forearm is
received. The gas pipe is usually mounted on a gas block that is
secured to the barrel, the gas block advantageously being provided
with rearwardly extending slide guide locating lugs and with a
rearwardly extending locating ledge that is disposed radially
outwardly with respect to said locating lugs, the locating lugs and
the locating ledge of the gas block engaging and positioning the
forward end of the slide guide member accurately with respect to
the gas pipe. Other structural features and advantages of our new
slide guide means will be apparent from the following detailed
description thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The slide guide means of the invention will be better understood
from the following description thereof in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of an auto-loading rifle
embodying the invention,
FIG. 2 is a sectional view along the vertical plane intersecting
the longitudinal center line of the forearm portion of the rifle of
FIG. 1 showing an advantageous form of coacting slide drive means
in which the gas pipe is provided with a stationary piston portion
that is received in a forward facing gas chamber formed in the
slide block,
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the forearm and gas block
portions of the rifle of FIG. 2,
FIG. 4 is a sectional view along line 4--4 of FIG. 2,
FIG. 5 is a sectional view along line 5--5 of FIG. 2,
FIG. 6 is a sectional view along line 6--6 of FIG. 2,
FIG. 7 is a sectional view along line 7--7 of FIG. 2.
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to FIG. 2 showing
another advantageous form of coacting slide drive means in which a
longitudinally movable piston is disposed in the gas pipe, the
movable piston having a rearward extension that contacts the slide
block, and
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to FIG. 2 showing
yet another advantageous form of coacting slide drive means in
which a longitudinally movable piston is disposed in the gas pipe,
the slide block having a forward extension that contacts the
movable piston.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
As shown best in FIG. 1, the principal externally visible
components of a typical gas operated auto-loading rifle to which
the present invention relates include a barrel 10, a receiver 11 to
which the barrel is secured, a longitudinally movable bolt 12
mounted in the receiver 11 behind the barrel 10, a longitudinally
movable slide 13 having a slide cocking handle 14 that is connected
to the bolt 12, a trigger 16 for operating the firing mechanism
(not shown), a magazine latch 17, a stock 18 having a stock forearm
19, a forearm upper hand guard 20, a gas block 21 having a block
clamp portion 22, and a rear sight 23. The stock 18 is formed with
a vertical slot or cutout portion (not shown) in which the firing
mechanism associated with the trigger 16 and the magazine
associated with the magazine latch 17 are received, the vertical
slot in the stock 18 being provided with a stock reinforcing lining
24 (a fragment of which is shown in FIG. 2) that fits in and lines
the slot, thereby protecting and reinforcing the stock in this
area.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the barrel 10 is formed with a
gas port 25 which communicates with the bore 26 of the barrel and
with a gas passageway 27 formed in the gas block 21. A gas port
bushing 28 is disposed between the gas port 25 and the gas
passageway 27, and a rearward facing gas pipe 29 of relatively
small diameter is secured to the gas block 21 in communication with
the gas passageway 27 thereof. The gas port bushing 28 is received
in matching recesses formed in the barrel 10 and the gas block 21,
and the block clamp 22 is securely fastened to the gas block 21,
thereby insuring permanent alignment of the gas passageways of the
gas port, the port bushing and the gas block. In both of the
embodiments shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 the gas pipe 30 is mounted on
the gas block 21 and is of relatively large diameter so that a
longitudinally movable piston may be disposed within the gas pipe
as hereinafter described. The gas port bushing 28 extends through a
snug hole formed in the gas block 21 and is received in matching
recesses formed in the barrel 10 and the gas pipe 30, thereby
insuring permanent alignment of the gas passageways of the gas
port, the port bushing and the gas pipe 30. In all embodiments the
gas pipes 29 and 30 are disposed below the barrel 10 generally
parallel to the bore or the longitudinal axis of the barrel. The
forward end of the gas pipe 29 is effectively closed off by the gas
block 21 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the forward end of
the gas pipes 30 are effectively closed off by the screw plugs 31
in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. The rearward ends of the
gas pipes are provided with openings the function of which is
hereinafter explained.
The bolt 12 may be of any of the known types that are operated by a
gas powered reciprocating slide mechanism, and advantageously it is
a modified M14 type action as shown in FIG. 1. The slide 13 has an
external cocking handle 14 that, as noted, is operatably connected
to the bolt 12 and an internal slide block 32 (shown best in FIG.
2) that is disposed beneath the barrel 10 within the stock forearm
19, the external and internal portions of the slide 13 being
securely fastened together at junction point 33. Thus, when the
slide block 32 moves longitudinally from its forward position to
its rearward position and return, the bolt 12 is caused to
reciprocate in like manner. A slide spring 34 is provided for
urging the longitudinally movable slide 13 toward its forward
position, the rearward portion of the spring 34 being mounted on
the spring guide rod 35 secured to the receiver 11 and the forward
portion thereof being received in the longitudinally elongated
spring receiving recess 36 formed in the slide block 32. Coacting
slide drive means are associated with the gas pipe and with the
slide block 32, the slide drive means driving or propelling the
slide 13 rearwardly against the compression of the slide spring 34
when powder combustion gases enter the gas pipe through the gas
port 25. Thus, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 the rearward end
of the gas pipe 29 is provided with a rearward facing stationary
piston portion 37 having a longitudinal hole extending
therethrough, and the slide block 32 is formed with a forward
facing gas chamber 39 in which the rearward facing piston portion
37 of the gas pipe 29 is received when the slide 13 is at its
forwardmost position. When the rifle is fired, the slide 13 is
propelled rearwardly by the action of powder combustion gases from
the gas pipe 29 against the slide block 32 and then forwardly by
the pressure of the slide spring 34 against the slide block 32, the
reciprocating travel of the slide 13 operating the bolt 12 to
extract and eject the spent cartridge case and to insert a fresh
cartridge in the chamber 40 of the rifle barrel 10.
As shown best in FIGS. 2 and 3, the improved slide guide of the
invention comprises an elongated channel-shaped member 42 that
extends along the slide 13 from adjacent the gas pipe 29 to
adjacent the receiver 11. The bottom wall 43 and the upwardly
extending side walls 44 and 45 of the channel-shaped member 42 are
disposed in close proximity to the corresponding bottom and side
surfaces of the slide block 32, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, so as to
prevent significant vertical or lateral movement while permitting
free longitudinal movement of the slide block 32. In the preferred
embodiment, the bottom wall 43 of the channel-shaped member 42 is
provided with a longitudinal rib 43a disposed on the inner surface
thereof on which the slide block 32 rides, and the side walls 44
and 45 are provided with longitudinal ribs 44a and 45a disposed on
the inner surfaces thereof in virtual contact with the
corresponding side surfaces of the slide block 32, as shown best in
FIG. 6. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the slide block 32
is advantageously provided with a pair of upper guide ears 46 and
47 which extend upwardly on opposite sides of the slide block in
close proximity to the corresponding side surfaces of the barrel
10, thereby helping prevent unwanted lateral movement or wobble of
the slide block as it travels longitudinally to-and-fro beneath the
barrel 10. Thus, when the channel-shaped member 42 is correctly
positioned and secured in place beneath the barrel 10, the rapid
reciprocating travel of the slide block 32 is contained and
controlled with consequent improved reliability of and reduced wear
and tear on the autoloading mechanism.
Means are provided for securing the forward end of the
channel-shaped member 42 to the barrel 10 in position relative to
the gas pipe to insure that the coacting slide drive means of the
slide and the gas pipe are disposed in opertional relationship
adjacent each other (and specifically in the embodiment shown in
FIG. 2 that the piston portion 37 of the gas pipe 29 is received in
the gas chamber 38 of the slide block 32) when the slide is moved
to its forward position, and means are also provided for securing
the rearward end of the channel-shaped member at the receiver.
In the preferred embodiment shown in the drawings, the means for
securing and positioning the forward end of the channel-shaped
member 42 relative to the barrel 10 advantageously includes a
U-shaped end cap 48 that is secured to the forward end of the
channel-shaped member 42, advantageously by means of the three
radially extending cap fastening tabs 50 of the member 42 and the
two longitudinally extending guide fastening tabs 51 of the end cap
48. As shown best in FIG. 3, the gas block 21 is provided with
three rearwardly extending slide guide locating lugs 53 and with a
rearwardly extending U-shaped locating ledge 54 disposed radially
outwardly with respect to the locating lugs 53. As shown best in
FIG. 4, the locating lugs 53 are positioned to engage the inner
peripheral surface of the channel-shaped member 42 and the locating
ledge 54 is positioned to engage the outer peripheral surface of
the U-shaped end cap 48, thereby securing the forward end of the
slide guide to the barrel 10 in its correct position relative to
the gas pipe as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5. Also in the preferred
embodiment, the means for securing and positioning the rearward end
of the channel-shaped member 42 at the receiver 11 comprises a
rearward extension 56 of the channel-shaped member 42 by means of
which the slide guide is secured in place at the receiver 11. In
this embodiment, as shown best in FIG. 2, the stock reinforcing
liner 24 is provided with a forwardly extending slide guide
extension retaining lip 57 that engages the rearward extension 56
of the channel-shaped member 42 and secures it in place against the
stock 18. Moreover, as shown best in FIG. 7, the receiver 11 is
advantageously formed with an extension receiving recess 58 in
which the rearward extension 56 of the channel-shaped member 42 and
the extension retaining lip 57 of the liner 24 are received, the
stock 18 holding the retaining lip 57 and the rearward extension 56
in place in the recess 58. Advantageously, the lateral dimension or
width of the rearward extension 56 is approximately the same as the
lateral dimension of the recess 58 so that lateral movement of
slide guide relative to the receiver is prevented.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 of the drawings, the coacting
slide drive means of the gas pipe 30 and the slide block 32
comprises the piston 60 mounted for longitudinal travel within the
gas pipe 30, the piston having a rearward extension 61 that extends
through the rearward openings 63 formed in the gas pipe 30. The
rearward extension 61 of the piston 60 contacts the forward facing
surface of the slide block 32 when the slide block is at its
forwardmost position as shown in FIG. 8. Similarly, in the
embodiment shown in FIG. 9 of the drawings, the coacting slide
drive means of the gas pipe 30 and the slide block 32 comprises the
piston 64 mounted for longitudinal travel within the gas pipe 30.
The slide block 32 has a forward extension 65 that extends through
the opening 63 when the slide 13 is at its forwardmost position,
the forward extension 65 contacting the piston 64 as shown in FIG.
9. In both embodiments, when a cartridge is fired, powder
combustion gases enter the gas pipe 30 through the gas port 25, and
these gases drive the pistons 60 and 64 rearwardly, and
consequently propel the slide block 32 and the slide 13 rearwardly,
in the manner well understood in the art.
The stock 18 is usually made of wood (for example walnut), although
metal and molded plastic resins are also commonly employed for this
purpose, the stock 18 being secured to the receiver 11 by a bolt or
other conventional fastening means. In the preferred embodiment
shown in the drawings the stock 18 has a forearm portion 19 that is
formed with a channel-shaped longitudinal recess 60 in which the
channel-shaped member 42 of the slide guide is received. The
forward end portion 19a of the forearm 19 is received in the
rearward facing U-shaped recess defined by the channel-shaped
member 42 and the U-shaped end cap 48. As noted, the forward end of
the channel-shaped member 42 and the end cap 48 are secured to the
barrel 10 by means of the locating lugs 53 and the locating ledge
54 of the gas block 21, and as a result the forward end of the
forearm 19 is also secured to the barrel 10 by the gas block 21.
Thus, it will be seen that the channel-shaped member 42 not only
serves to guide the reciprocating slide block 32 but also serves as
a liner for the forearm 19 which protects and strongly reinforces
the forearm.
When the stock 18 and forearm 19 are made of wood, the
channel-shaped member 42 is a separate part that fits fairly freely
in the channel-shaped longitudinal recess 60 of the forearm 19. In
this case, the forward end of the channel-shaped member 42 is
secured to the forward portion 19a of the forearm 19 by means of
the U-shaped end cap 48, and the rearward end of the channel-shaped
member 42 is secured to the stock 18 by means of the extension
retaining lip 57 of the stock liner 31. When the stock 18 and stock
forearm 19 are made of metal or of a molded plastic resin, the
channel-shaped member 42 is advantageously an integral part of the
forearm 19 which is permanently fastened or bonded thereto in the
course of manufacture of these parts. In order to protect the
reciprocating slide block 32 from dirt and other extraneous debris,
and in order to protect the shooter's hand from possible injury or
burns, the rifle is advantageously provided with a forearm hand
guard 20 that is secured to the rifle in the manner shown best in
FIGS. 2 and 4 of the drawings.
The improved slide guide of the invention eliminates the need for
the conventional slide guide rod that normally extends through the
slide block below the gas pipe longitudinally from the gas block to
the receiver, thus greatly reducing the depth and bulk of the
forearm 19 in which the reciprocating slide block 32 is contained.
In addition, the spring receiving recess 36 of the slide block 32
is advantageously disposed in vertically overlapping relationship
with respect to the gas pipe as shown best in FIGS. 2, 6, 8 and 9,
thus further reducing the required depth and bulk of the forearm
19.
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