U.S. patent number 3,856,568 [Application Number 05/292,715] was granted by the patent office on 1974-12-24 for method for forming an insulating film on an oriented silicon steel sheet.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Nippon Steel Corporation. Invention is credited to Toshihiko Takata, Osamu Tanaka, Takaaki Yamamoto.
United States Patent |
3,856,568 |
Tanaka , et al. |
December 24, 1974 |
METHOD FOR FORMING AN INSULATING FILM ON AN ORIENTED SILICON STEEL
SHEET
Abstract
A method for producing an oriented silicon steel sheet which a
surface film, which improves iron loss and magnetostriction
characteristics of the steel sheet, comprising the steps of
applying to the surface of the oriented steel sheet a coating
solution composed of 4 to 16 wt. percent of colloidal silica, 3 to
24 wt. percent of aluminum phosphate and 0.2 to 4.5 wt. percent of
at least one compound selected from the group consisting of chromic
anhydride and chromate with or without the addition of 1 to 5 grams
of boric acid and baking the thus applied coating solution at a
temperature above 350.degree.C.
Inventors: |
Tanaka; Osamu (Kitakyushu,
JA), Yamamoto; Takaaki (Kitakyushu, JA),
Takata; Toshihiko (Kitakyushu, JA) |
Assignee: |
Nippon Steel Corporation
(Tokyo, JA)
|
Family
ID: |
13570281 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/292,715 |
Filed: |
September 27, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Sep 27, 1971 [JA] |
|
|
46-75233 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
427/330; 148/113;
148/253; 336/218; 427/372.2; 427/397.7; 427/419.4 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01F
1/14783 (20130101); C21D 8/1288 (20130101); C23C
22/33 (20130101); C21D 1/70 (20130101); C23C
22/74 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
C21D
1/70 (20060101); C21D 8/12 (20060101); C21D
1/68 (20060101); H01F 1/147 (20060101); C23C
22/74 (20060101); C23C 22/73 (20060101); H01F
1/12 (20060101); C22c 039/46 (); H01f 027/24 () |
Field of
Search: |
;117/129,7C,7B,135.1,53,6 ;148/6.16,12 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Husack; Ralph
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Wenderoth, Lind & Ponack
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method for forming an insulating film on an oriented silicon
steel sheet, comprising the steps of applying to the oriented
silicon steel sheet a coating solution composed of 4 to 16 wt.
percent of colloidal silica, 3 to 24 wt. percent of aluminum
phosphate, calculated as aluminum biphosphate, and 0.2 to 4.5 wt.
percent of at least one compound selected from the group consisting
of chromic anhydride and chromate anhydride and chromate and baking
the thus applied coating solution at a temperature above
350.degree.C.
2. The method according to claim 1, in which boric acid is added to
the coating solution in an amount of 1 to 5 grams per 100 cc. of a
water dispersion of colloidal silica.
3. The method according to claim 1, in which supermicrogranular
silica is added to the coating solution in an amount of 0.25 to 2
grams per 100 cc. of a water dispersion of colloidal silica.
4. A method for producing an oriented silicon steel sheet with a
surface film which improves iron loss and magnetostriction
characteristic of the steel sheet, comprising the steps of forming
a glassy film on the oriented silicon steel sheet by a reaction
with an annealing separating agent during a high temperature
finishing annealing of said steel sheet, thereupon applying to this
glassy film a coating solution composed of 4 to 16 wt. percent of
colloidal silica, 3 to 24 wt. percent of aluminum phosphate,
calculated as aluminum biphosphate, and 0.2 to 4.5 wt. percent of
at least one compound selected from the group consisting of chromic
anhydride and chromate, baking the thus applied coating solution at
a temperature above 350.degree.C and then subjecting the steel
sheet to a heat-treatment in a temperature range of from
800.degree. to 900.degree.C after or during the said application of
the coating solution and baking thereof.
5. The method for producing an oriented silicon steel sheet with a
surface film which improves iron loss and magneto-striction
characteristics of the steel sheet, according to claim 4, in which
the glassy film formed on the surface of the steel sheet during the
high temperature finishing annealing is removed by a pickling and
then the coating solution is applied to the surface of the steel
sheet.
Description
This invention relates to the production of an oriented silicon
steel sheet having a surface film which improves the iron loss and
magnetostriction characteristics of the direction silicon steel
sheet.
It has been recognized since long ago that the magnetostriction of
an oriented silicon steel sheet is one of the main causes of the
noise of a transformer made of this steel sheet. Reducing the
magnetostriction oscillation induced by the magnetostriction is
important to subdue the noise of the transformer, and the surface
film formed on the steel sheet is known as an industrially
effective means to this purpose. The action of this surface film is
caused by the tension exerted by the surface film on the steel
sheet, because in the magnetization of the oriented silicon steel
sheet under this tension the magnetization process, which does not
take part in the magnetostriction, that is, that which is caused by
the movement of the magnetic wall by 180.degree., becomes dominant.
This is explained from the view point of the magnetic section
theory. The tension exerted by the surface film on the steel sheet
is produced during the steel sheet being cooled in the heat
treatment due to the difference in the thermal expansion
coefficient between the steel sheet and the surface film.
Further, the tension of the surface film on the steel sheet is
effective also to the improvement of the iron loss of the oriented
silicon steel sheet. It has been discovered by one of the present
inventors that particularly the more complete the orientation, the
higher the effect [see Jr. Appl. Phys, 41, 2981 (1970)].
The term "oriented steel sheet" used here means a single oriented
steel sheet of Fe--Si alloy containing up to 6 percent by weight of
Si or most commonly about 3 percent by weight of Si, having a
so-called "cube-on-edge" or a (110) [001] crystal structure as
repeated by Miller index obtained by a combination of proper known
rolling and heat-treatment of the steel sheet of this composition,
in which the rolling direction is magnetically most easy to
magnetize. There are marketed, for instance, under the trade marks
of "Orient core" (Trade Mark of Nippon Steel Corporation) or
"Orient core-HI.sup.. B" (Trade Mark of Nippon Steel Corporation),
which has more complete orientation than before (see U.S. Pat. Nos.
3,159,511 and 3,287,183).
It is usual that the surface film made on an oriented silicon steel
sheet consists of a glassy film formed during the high temperature
finishing annealing or a phosphate film applied onto the glassy
film or directly onto the naked steel sheet having no glassy
film.
The glassy film is formed by the reaction of magnesia, which is an
annealing separating agent, or an oxide added, as required, to the
magnesia and a surface oxidized layer of the steel sheet, and
consists mostly of magnesium silicate. The phosphate film is made
by applying an aqueous solution of such metallic phosphate as
magnesium phosphate or aluminum phosphate to a steel sheet and
baking the same.
It has been found that among the above-mentioned surface films the
glassy film has an action effective to the improvement of the iron
loss and magnetostriction characteristics. However, the formation
of this film is so easily influenced by the characteristics of
magnesia, the state of the surface oxidized layer of the steel
sheet, the annealing atmosphere and temperature conditions that it
is difficult in fact to obtain a uniform thickness and
characteristics. Therefore, with only the glassy film, it is
insufficient to utilize the effect of the surface film. On the
other hand, the phosphate film is low in the effect of the surface
film and may even occasionally deteriorate the characteristics to
be lower than in case the surface film is made of the glassy film
only.
There have been suggested various methods for developing the effect
of the surface film more than ever. For example, in Japanese Patent
Publication No. 32815/1970 (U.S. Pat. No. 3,522,113), there was
formed a potassium silicate glass film on a silicon steel sheet
covered with a glassy film and/or phosphate coating film. In
Japanese Patent Publication No. 18605/1971 (U.S. Pat. No.
3,528,863), a glass suspension made by crushing a glass frit lower
in the thermal expansion coefficient than the silicon steel is
applied and baked on a complex compound having magnesium as a
substrate. Further, a method, wherein a glass frit is
ceramic-coated in the same manner as in the latter, is suggested in
British Pat. No. 1,077,377.
An object of the present invention is to provide an oriented
electromagnetic steel sheet, on which is formed a surface film
serving to improve the iron loss and magneto-striction
characteristics.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an oriented
electromagnetic steel sheet, on which is formed a surface film
having good adhesive properties.
A further object of the present invention is to obtain a uniform
surface film on the above-mentioned steel sheet.
Other objects will become clear from the below described matters
and accompanying drawing.
The accompanying drawing is a graph showing the difference in the
effect on the iron loss between the coating of the present
invention and a conventional magnesium phosphate coating applied to
bare oriented steel samples after having removed the surface film
formed on the silicon steel sheet products respectively.
It has been discovered by the present inventors that a surface film
formed by applying and baking a coating solution having colloidal
silica as a main component, aluminum phosphate and at least one
compound selected from the group consisting of chromic anhydride
and chromates as a binder in the fundamental composition has a
great effect on the improvement of the iron loss and
magnetostriction characteristics of an oriented silicon steel
sheet. An aqueous dispersion of supermicro-granular (for example,
of a granule diameter of 10 to 20 m.mu.) colloidal silica performs
a film formation. When the aqueous solution is applied onto a steel
sheet and is baked, a film can be formed. However, this film has a
disadvantage that it is low in the adhesion to the steel sheet. If
a mixed aqueous solution of aluminum phosphate and one or more of
chromic anhydride and chromates is added to this aqueous dispersion
of colloidal silica, the adhesion of the film can be improved. This
is thought to be attributable to the fact that the above-mentioned
mixture acts as a binder. Even with aluminum phosphate alone as a
binder, the adhesion may be improved but, when the film is long
exposed to a wet atmosphere, there occurs a phenomenon that the
silica lamina is isolated. In order to prevent this phenomenon, it
is effective to add one or more of chromic anhydride and chromates
to the solution.
The reason, why the effects of improving iron loss and
magnetostriction characteristics of an oriented silicon steel
sheet, obtained by a surface film composed of colloidal silica as a
main component of the coating solution of the present invention
become very high, as shown in the later described examples, resides
in the following facts, that is, due to the low thermal expansion
coefficient of silica in general the surface film composed of
colloidal silica as a main component is also so low in the thermal
expansion coefficient that the tension exerted by the surface film
on the steel sheet is high, and further due to a characteristic
action of supermicrogranular colloidal silica of filling minor
defects of the surface any unevenness of the glass film can be
corrected.
Further, this surface film has not only the above-mentioned
features but also the following features for the oriented silicon
steel sheet. Even when thickly applied to, it presents aa beautiful
appearance and the adhesion is not impaired thereby. Therefore, a
high interlayer resistance and voltage resistance can be easily
obtained. The film is also so flat and smooth that, even if it is
thickly applied, a practically sufficient space factor can be
obtained. Further, the film is so compact that it is high in the
heat-proofness, atmosphere-proofness and anticorrosion. These
additional features make the effects of improving the iron loss and
magnetostriction characteristics of the surface film of the present
invention more positive.
In the following a surface film of the present invention and a
method of applying it to the production of oriented silicon steels
shall be explained in detail.
The properties and mixing rates of component solutions of the
coating solution to be used in the present invention are as
follows. Supermicrogranular colloidal silica which is dispersed in
water and is a main component of the coating solution is required
to obtain a stable mutual solubility with an aqueous solution of a
phosphate, chromic acid or a chromate as a binder. For instance,
commercial Snowtex O (Trade Mark of Nissan Chemical Industries,
Ltd.) (of an SiO.sub.2 content of 20 percent, hydrogen ion
concentration (pH) of 3.0 to 4.0 and specific gravity of 1.15 at
20.degree.C.) renders a suitable example for the present invention.
Aluminum phosphate to be used as a binder may be nearly of a
composition of aluminum biphosphate, in which a mixing ratio of
Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 is about 0.16 by mols and the
proper pH is about 0.9 (about 1.9 as corrected by the
concentration) in an aqueous solution of 50 percent. It is needless
to say that the present invention is not limited to the
above-mentioned values. However, according to experiences, when the
pH is low, the solution bubbles and its applicability is reduced.
In order to obtain the above-mentioned pH value, the said mol ratio
is suitable for the preparation and there is further an advantage
that a commercial product can be utilized.
The proper mixing ratios of components of the coating solution of
the present invention are as follows: 20 to 80 parts by volume of a
50 percent aqueous solution of aluminum phosphate are added to 100
parts by volume of a 20 percent aqueous dispersion of colloidal
silica. This mixture corresponds to a coating solution composed of
10 to 16 percent by weight of colloidal silica and 9 to 24 percent
by weight of aluminum phosphate (as calculated as aluminum
biphosphate here and hereinafter). If the aqueous solution of
aluminum phosphate is less than 20 parts by volume, there is shown
a phenomenon that, after the baking, the adhesion of the above
described silica lamina becomes insufficient and, if it is more
than 80 parts by volume, after the baking, the film becomes turbid
to be white and shows a bad appearance. Chromic acid is of chromic
anhydride powder. The addition of 1 gram of chromic anhydride
powder to 100 cc. of an aqueous dispersion of colloidal silica can
present the above described isolation of the silica lamina which is
to be caused in the case of adding no chromic anhydride powder. The
proper range of the addition of chromic anhydride powder is 3 to 9
grams. In the case of adding chromate, for instance, more than 5
parts by volume of a 25 percent aqueous solution of magnesium
chromate are to be added to 100 parts by volume of colloidal
silica. Then, the above-mentioned isolation of the silica lamina
may be prevented. The preferable range of the addition of chromate
is 10 to 30 parts by volume.
The coating solution of the above-mentioned composition corresponds
to an aqueous solution of about 8 to 16 percent by weight of
colloidal silica, 7 to 24 percent by weight of aluminum phosphate
and 0.4 to 4.5 percent by weight of chromic anhydride or magnesium
chromate. Further, as required, in case a thus coated steel sheet
is likely to stick during the heat-treatment, for instance, in case
the heat-treatment is carried out at a temperature above
800.degree.C., it will be effective to add boric acid or
supermicro-granular silica. It is proper to add 1 to 5 grams of
boric acid or 0.25 to 2 grams of such supermicrogranular silica as,
for example, commercial Nipsil VN 3 (Trade Mark of Nippon Silica
Industrial Co., Ltd.) (of 93 to 94% SiO.sub.2, a granule diameter
less than 10 .mu. and a pH (at 4 percent) of 5.8 to 6.8) to 100 cc.
of an aqueous dispersion of colloidal silica.
The addition of boric acid or supermicrogranular silica is carried
out as follows:
A. case of adding boric acid
For example, in the mixing rates of 100 cc. of an aqueous
dispersion of colloidal silica, 60 cc. of an aqueous solution of
aluminum phosphate, 6 grams of chromic anhydride and 2 grams of
boric acid:
i. 2 kg. of boric acid are put into 15 liters of warm water above
60.degree.C. and are well stirred to be dissolved. (This shall be a
solution A.)
ii. 6 kg. of chromic anhydride are added to 60 liters of an aqueous
solution of 50 percent aluminum phosphate and are well stirred to
be dissolved and then 100 liters of an aqueous dispersion of
colloidal silica are added to the solution. (This shall be a
solution B.)
iii. The solutions A and B are mixed and stirred.
The thus prepared solution is of a concentration of about 23 to 28
Be.
B. case of adding supermicrogranular silica
For example, in the case of the mixing rates of 100 cc. of an
aqueous dispersion of colloidal silica, 60 cc. of an aqueous
solution of aluminum phosphate, 6 grams of chromic anhydride and
0.5 gram of supermicrogranular silica:
6 kg. of chromic anhydride are added to 60 liters of a 50% aqueous
solution of aluminum phosphate and are well stirred to be dissolved
and then 100 liters of an aqueous dispersion of colloidal silica
and 0.5 kg. of supermicrogranular silica are added and stirred.
The thus prepared solution is of a concentration of about 26 to 31
Be.
In applying the coating solution of the above-mentioned composition
to an oriented silicon steel sheet, it is used after adjusted to be
of a concentration proper for the objective film deposition amount.
That is to say, it is used in the state of the original solution so
as to contain 4 to 16 percent by weight of colloidal silica, 3 to
24 percent by weight of aluminum phosphate and 0.2 to 4.5 percent
by weight of one or more of chromic anhydride and chromates or as
diluted with water.
The coating solution of the present invention is uniformly applied
onto the surface of the above-mentioned oriented silicon steel
sheet by dipping or spraying and thereafter is pressed with
pressing rolls, or coated by any known method.
The coating solution of the present invention can be applied to an
oriented silicon steel sheet, irrespective of the surface of the
oriented silicon steel sheet being covered with a glassy film or
with a phosphate film or both films or being bare without covered
by them. However, when applying the coating solution of the present
invention no phosphate is required. Phosphate film is not only
uneconomic, but rather deteriorates the properties inherent to the
coating of the present invention, excepting a special case of
thinly applying the coating solution of the present invention for
the purpose of supplying a deficiency of the phosphate film. Such
an oriented silicon steel sheet having a bare surface is often
produced in order to improve the punchability. It is known,
however, that in such a case particularly magnetostriction
characteristics of the steel sheet are remarkably deteriorated on
account of the surface having no coating. When the coating of the
present invention is applied to such steel sheet, the
magnetostriction characteristics can be improved substantially to
those of the case of being covered with a glassy film alone, as
will be seen from the later described examples.
The coating solution of the present invention is baked after it has
been applied to the surface of a steel sheet as above-mentioned. A
favorable surface film can be obtained, when it is heated to a
temperature above 350+C., preferably a temperature between
400.degree.to 900.degree.C. It is a great advantage of the coating
solution of the present invention that the baking temperature range
is so wide as above-mentioned. On account of this the baking
treatment can be carried out by various methods according to the
object to be obtained. The lower limit of the baking temperature is
set at 350.degree.C., because, if the coating temperature is below
this limit, the reaction of the coating solution is insufficient
and the hygroscopicity remains in the formed surface film. As to
the upper limit it is to note that the baking temperature may be
raised up to a relatively high one, but practically the temperature
above 900.degree.C. is not economical, and it is even feared that
at such a high temperature above 900.degree.C. the characteristics
of the surface film will be deteriorated depending upon the
atmosphere and treating time. Thus, the baking temperature above
900.degree.C. is not desirable.
The atmosphere at the time of baking may be of air, nitrogen or a
mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen.
It has been found that, when the baking is carried out on the high
temperature side of the above-mentioned temperature range or even
in case it is carried out at a low temperature, if a
strain-removing annealing is further carried out continuously or by
batch at about 800.degree.C. as carried out by an ordinary
consumer, the effects of improving the iron loss and
magnetostriction characteristics of the surface film of the present
invention can be increased. From the fact that the tension of the
surface film on the steel sheet is caused by the difference in the
thermal expansion coefficient, it is naturally presumed to be
effective to bake it at a high temperature. Further, in the case of
the baking being carried out at low temperature, it is thought that
a surface film effective to the tension may be re-formed in the
later high temperature treatment.
In the production of an oriented silicon steel sheet, it is
economical to continuously carry out the step of forming a surface
film from the coating solution of the present invention in
combination with other steps. Generally, the glassy film on an
oriented silicon steel sheet is used to be formed by a high
temperature finishing annealing. Then, the excess annealing
separating agent is removed by water-washing or light pickling to
leave the glassy film on the surface of the steel sheet. Or, for
the purpose of improving the punchability, the glassy film may be
also removed by pickling. Then, a so-called heat-flattening is made
to remove a coil bent of the steel sheet and to flatten the steel
sheet. This heat-treatment is carried out at 800.degree. to
900.degree.C. for not more than about 3 minutes. This condition
corresponds to the high temperature side of the above-mentioned
baking condition. Therefore, if the coating solution is applied
before the heat-flattening, the heat-flattening and baking are able
to be simultaneously carried out. Further, as in such case, the
interlayer resistance and voltage resistance are often impaired by
flaws caused by builds-up on hearth rolls, the coating solution may
be again applied and baked at a low temperature in order to remedy
the above-mentioned defect. Or, it is also possible to apply the
coating solution and baking the same at a low temperature of
400.degree. to 500.degree.C. after the heat-flattening. In such
case, a sufficient interlayer resistance and voltage resistance can
be easily obtained, but, in order to more sufficiently develop the
effects of improving the iron loss and magnetostriction
characteristics by the surface film, it is necessary to anneal the
film at about 800.degree.C. continuously or by batch by a consumer
or manufacturer.
The above-mentioned respective steps can be carried out
continuously on one continuous line but, needless to say, may be
carried out on separate lines as divided into any number of
steps.
Examples of the present invention are shown in the following:
EXAMPLE 1
Samples taken adjacently to one another from the same commercial
coil of an oriented silicon steel sheet of a thickness of 0.30 mm.
were treated with a mixed acid of sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric
acid to remove the surface films and were then continuously
annealed at 800.degree.C. in hydrogen for 3 minutes to remove
stains. Thus, the samples for the test have been prepared. To these
samples there were applied a phosphate coating solution of
magnesium phosphate and a coating solution of a composition of 100
cc of a 20 percent aqueous dispersion of colloidal silica, 60 cc.
of an 50 percent aqueous solution of aluminum phosphate, 6 grams of
chromic anhydride and 2 grams of boric acid of the present
invention respectively, and were then baked at 800.degree.C. for 15
seconds in a nitrogen atmosphere in a continuous oven so that the
coating deposition might be 4 gr./m.sup.2. on one surface. The
magnetic properties and magnetostriction characteristics were
measured with a single plate measuring device before applying the
coating and after having applied and baking it. The sample was of a
length (in the rolling direction) of 50 cm. and a width of 10
cm.
The Figure shows the results of the measurements of iron losses
.sup.W 15/50 and .sup.W 17/50 before and after forming films of
respective coatings. The reduction in iron loss obtained by the
coating solution of the present invention is very large.
Table 1 indicates the results of the measurements of the
magnetostriction characteristics. The sample by the coating
solution of the present invention is low in the magnetostriction
and is also low in the deterioration to be caused by the
compressive force.
The above-mentioned results demonstrate that the effects of
improving the iron loss and magnetostriction characteristics of the
surface film by the coating solution of the present invention are
large.
Table 1 ______________________________________ Samples Magnetic
Magnetostriction Magnetostriction permeability (.times.
10.sup..sup.-6) (.times. 10.sup..sup.-6) at 17 kg. at 10 Oe under
compression 17 kg. 19 kg. of 30 kg./cm.sup.2.
______________________________________ Before applying the coating:
1 1933 +1.17 +3.64 +19.1 2 1907 +1.17 +4.81 +23.4 3 1920 +1.56
+4.29 +20.7 After applying and baking the coating of the present
invention: 1 1935 -0.13 +1.82 +4.81 2 1912 -0.39 +1.69 +3.25 3 1924
-0.39 +1.82 +4.29 Before applying the coating: 4 1921 +2.47 +4.55
+23.3 5 1903 +0.91 +3.64 +21.5 6 1933 +1.30 +3.90 +19.8 After
applying and baking magnesium phosphate coating: 4 1922 +0.65 +2.99
+15.1 5 1902 +0.26 +2.21 +12.0 6 1933 +0.26 +2.73 +12.2
______________________________________
Example 2
Samples taken adjacently to one another from the same coil of an
oriented silicon steel sheet of a thickness of 0.30 mm., as
finished annealed at a high temperature, were subjected to
water-washing and light pickling to remove an annealing separating
agent remained on the surfaces of the samples and to leave the
glassy films and were then annealed to remove coil bents and
strains. Thus, the samples for the test were prepared. To these
samples covered with the glassy films there were applied a
phosphate coating solution of magnesium phosphate and a coating
solution of 100 cc. of a 20 percent aqueous dispersion of colloidal
silica, 60 cc. of a 50 percent aqueous solution of aluminum
phosphate, 6 grams of chromic anhydride and 0.75 gram of
supermicrogranular silica of the present invention respectively in
the same manner as in Example 1 and were thereafter baked at
850.degree.C. for 10 seconds in air in a continuous oven.
Table 2 shows the results measured in the same manner as in Example
1 before applying the coating and after applying and baking it. The
effect of the surface film by the coating solution of the present
invention is large.
In Table 3 there are shown characteristics of the surface film
samples by the coating solution of the present invention after
subjected to a strain-removing annealing at 800.degree.C. for 4
hours in a dry atmosphere of 10% H.sub.2 and 90% N.sub.2. The
effect of the surface film is not lost even by the heat-treatment
of a long time.
Table 2 ______________________________________ Sam- Magnetic Iron
loss (.sup.W /kg.) Magnetostriction ples permeability (.times.
10.sup..sup.-6) at 10 Oe .sup.W 15/50 .sup.W 17/50 17 kg. 19 kg.
______________________________________ In the case of glassy film
only: 1 1913 0.850 1.155 -0.26 +1.82 2 1921 0.843 1.150 -0.13 +1.69
3 1916 0.833 1.131 -0.39 +1.43 After applying and baking the
coating of the present invention: 1 1916 0.803 1.082 -0.52 +0.78 2
1924 0.793 1.075 -0.39 +0.52 3 1920 0.803 1.086 -0.59 +0.65 In the
case of glassy film only: 4 1930 0.870 1.203 -0.13 +1.95 5 1927
0.850 1.139 -0.26 +1.56 6 1927 0.828 1.106 -0.39 +1.30 After
applying and baking magnesium phosphate coating: 4 1930 0.863 1.194
-0.26 +1.43 5 1926 0.840 1.129 -0.39 +1.30 6 1925 0.819 1.096 -0.39
+1.04 ______________________________________
Table 3 ______________________________________ After annealing in
10% H.sub.2 and 90% N.sub.2 at 800.degree.C. for 4 hours
______________________________________ Sam- Magnetic Iron loss
(.sup.W /kg.) Magnetostriction ples permeability (.times.
10.sup.-.sup.6) at 10 Oe .sup.W 15/50 .sup.W 17/50 17 kg. 19 kg.
______________________________________ After applying and baking
the coating of the present invention: 1 1919 0.803 1.085 -0.52
+0.71 2 1925 0.795 1.075 -0.39 +0.52 3 1923 0.802 1.084 -0.59 +0.59
After applying and baking magnesium phosphate coating: 4 1929 0.865
1.198 -0.26 +1.43 5 1925 0.840 1.131 -0.39 +1.24 6 1926 0.824 1.097
-0.39 +1.10 ______________________________________
Table 4 shows the results of measuring the coating deposition,
interlayer resistance and space factor of these surface films. The
surface film of the present invention is high in the interlayer
resistance and is very small particularly in the reduction in
resistance to be caused by the annealing in a reducing atmosphere.
Though it is high in the coating deposition, it keeps a high space
factor.
These results show that the surface film of the present invention
is very smooth and compact. ##SPC1##
EXAMPLE 3
Samples were prepared in the same manner as in Example 2. A coating
solution of a composition of 100 cc. of a 20 percent aqueous
solution of colloidal silica, 60 cc. of a 50 percent aqueous
solution of aluminum phosphate, 15 cc. of a 25 percent aqueous
solution of magnesium chromate and 0.75 gram of supermicrogranular
silica of the present invention was applied to these samples having
glassy films and was baked at about 450.degree.C. for 10 seconds in
an open oven. These samples were further continuously annealed to
remove strains at 810.degree.C. for 2 minutes in a nitrogen
atmosphere.
Table 5 shows the results measured in the same manner as in Example
1 before and after the strain-removing annealing. The improvements
of the iron loss and magnetostriction characteristics after the
annealing are large, showing the better characteristics than in the
case of the glassy film only mentioned also in the same table. This
shows that, even when the coating solution of the present invention
is baked at a low temperature, a sufficient effect of the surface
film can be obtained by a subsequent annealing at a high
temperature.
Table 5 ______________________________________ Sam- Magnetic Iron
loss (.sup.W /kg.) Magnetostriction ples permeability (.times.
10.sup..sup.-6) at 10 Oe .sup.W 15/50 .sup.W 17/50 17 kg. 19 kg.
______________________________________ In the case of glassy film
only: 1 1946 0.809 1.099 -0.13 +1.30 2 1911 0.843 1.158 -0.26 +2.08
3 1926 0.800 1.099 -0.26 +1.82 After applying the coating of the
present invention and baking it at a low temperature: 1 1945 0.812
1.102 +0.13 +1.56 2 1911 0.845 1.160 +0.26 +2.21 3 1925 0.803 1.101
+0.19 +2.08 After continuous annealing in N.sub.2 at 810.degree.C.
for 2 minutes: 1 1947 0.780 1.046 -0.52 +0.52 2 1913 0.815 1.108
-0.65 +0.78 3 1929 0.778 1.056 -0.52 +0.59
______________________________________
EXAMPLE 4
After the treatment in Example 2, a coating solution of 100 cc. of
a 20 percent aqueous dispersion of colloidal silica, 60 cc. of a 50
percent aqueous solution of aluminum phosphate and 15 cc. of a 25
percent aqueous solution of magnesium chromate of the present
invention (the original solution was of about 25 Be) as diluted
with water to be of about 15 Be was applied to the steel sheet and
was baked at 400.degree.C. for 10 seconds in an open oven. The
obtained surface film was flat, smooth and uniform.
This shows that the coating solution of the present invention can
be used also for improving the interlayer resistance and voltage
resistance and further for re-coating for the purpose of securing
the insulation of the part, after a protrusion thereof has been
removed by shearing or slitting.
* * * * *