U.S. patent number 3,856,272 [Application Number 05/260,851] was granted by the patent office on 1974-12-24 for floating mixer.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Richards of Rockford, Inc.. Invention is credited to Richard B. Ravitts.
United States Patent |
3,856,272 |
Ravitts |
December 24, 1974 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
FLOATING MIXER
Abstract
A floating mixer has a vertically oriented draft tube containing
an impeller for directing liquid against a submerged baffle for
deflecting the liquid radially in all directions. The submerged
baffle may be the bottom wall of the float. A passage is provided
through the center of the float for accommodating the impeller
drive shaft. A shield plate at the bottom end of the passage allows
a small amount of liquid to enter the passage from which it is
conducted by a conduit to the parent body of liquid at a remote
point. The foregoing avoids the use of a water tight bearing for
the impeller shaft.
Inventors: |
Ravitts; Richard B. (Rockford,
IL) |
Assignee: |
Richards of Rockford, Inc.
(Rockford, IL)
|
Family
ID: |
22990891 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/260,851 |
Filed: |
June 8, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
366/343; 366/261;
210/242.2; 366/266; 417/61; 277/409 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B01F
3/04539 (20130101); B01F 13/0049 (20130101); B01F
3/04609 (20130101); B01F 2003/0468 (20130101); B01F
7/16 (20130101); B01F 7/00341 (20130101); B01F
2003/04553 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B01F
3/04 (20060101); B01F 13/00 (20060101); B01F
7/00 (20060101); B01f 005/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;415/7 ;259/8,95,96,97
;239/182 ;261/120 ;277/135 ;308/36.3 ;417/61 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Hornsby; Harvey C.
Assistant Examiner: Cantor; Alan
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Hume, Clement, Brinks, Willian,
Olds & Cook, Inc.
Claims
I claim:
1. In a floating liquid mixer adapted to be mounted in a parent
body of liquid, the combination comprising:
a float adapted to be supported bouyantly in the parent body of
liquid,
said float having a vertically extending passage therethrough,
mixing means positioned below said float adapted to be submerged in
the parent body of liquid for agitating the liquid,
drive shaft means connected to said mixing means,
motor means mounted on said float for powering said drive
shaft,
a shield member at the lower end of said passage containing an
opening through which said drive shaft means extends,
said opening providing a clearance between said drive shaft means
and said shield member whereby liquid agitated by the mixing is
introduced into said passage, and
conduit means between said passage and a location remote from said
mixing means for controllong the level of liquid in said
passage.
2. The mixer of claim 1 in which said float is circular.
3. The mixer of claim 2 in which said mixing means, motor means,
and conduit means are mounted concentric to said float.
4. A mixing device comprising:
floatable supporting means adapted to be buoyantly suspended in a
parent body of liquid,
motor means supported on said floatable supporting means,
a shaft for rotation by said motor,
conduit means suspended vertically below said floatable supporting
means and adapted to be submerged in the body of liquid,
said conduit means having vertically spaced upper and lower
openings so that liquid is withdrawn from one level and discharged
at another level below the liquid surface,
said upper opening of the conduit means being spaced below said
floatable supporting means,
axial flow impeller means positioned in said conduit means below
said upper opening and driven by said shaft for forcing liquid
under pressure through said conduit means,
chamber means surrounding said shaft for receiving the liquid
projected upwardly along said shaft in order to provide a seal
between said motor means and said axial flow impeller means,
baffle means adapted to be submerged below the surface of the
parent body of liquid and spaced above the upper opening of said
conduit means for radially deflecting the liquid discharged from
said conduit means in substantially radial directions, and
said conduit means oriented so that the liquid is discharged
substantially vertically from the upper opening thereof against
said baffle means.
5. The mixing device of claim 4 in which said upper end of the
conduit means is vertically oriented in a position spaced below
said baffle means by leg members depending from said floatable
supporting means.
6. The mixing device of claim 4 in which said baffle means is
circular.
7. The mixing device of claim 4 in which said conduit means has a
cylindrical portion, and said axial flow impeller means is
positioned in said cylindrical portion.
8. The mixing device of claim 4 in which said baffle means
comprises the bottom wall of said floatable supporting means.
9. In a mixing device, the combination comprising:
float means adapted to be suspended in a parent body of liquid,
said float means having a bottom wall adapted to be submerged in
the parent body of liquid,
draft tube means suspended below said float means for directing
liquid upwardly toward the bottom wall of said float means,
said draft tube having an upper open end and lower opening,
axial flow impeller means within said draft tube means below said
upper open end for discharging liquid under pressure from said
upper open end against the bottom wall of said float means,
motor means supported on said float means for driving said impeller
means with a shaft,
chamber means surrounding said shaft for receiving the liquid
moving upwardly along said shaft so as to provide a seal between
said motor means and said impeller means, and
said upper end of the draft tube means oriented toward and spaced
from said bottom wall of the float means so that as the liquid is
discharged therefrom it is deflected radially.
10. The mixing device of claim 9 in which said shaft tube, impeller
means, and motor means are mounted centrally of said float
means.
11. The mixing device of claim 9 in which said bottom wall of the
float means is circular in configuration.
12. The mixing device of claim 9 in which said draft tube is
suspended below said float means by a plurality of depending leg
members.
Description
This invention relates to apparatus for agitating liquids, and more
particularly to a floating mixer which may be used for circulating
liquids, for example, to prevent settling of solids in waste
treatment plants, agitating sewage, stirring during chemical
processing, and the like.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Motor driven devices for mixing liquids are well known. One type of
mixer construction is an assembly having a motor coupled to an
impeller which is supported on a fixed structure.
Since the mixer is maintained in a fixed position during operation,
if the liquid level changes, problems can result. Often the
position of the impeller should be adjusted with any changes in the
liquid level.
Moreover, mixing devices supported by fixed structures lack
mobility. If it is desired to change the location of the mixer in
the liquid, in some instances the entire support must be removed,
and the support assembled at the new location. Further, a fixed
support makes it difficult for the mixer to be inspected and/or
repaired.
Although floating mixers of the type as depicted in Bood; Pat. No.
3,365,178 are known, they produce a unidirectional flow in a
confined, submerged stream.
In any device in which the motor is located on a float, special
precautions must be taken to prevent liquids from damaging the
motor. In floating aerators and spray devices, for example, plates
and seals of different configurations are ordinarily mounted
between the impeller and the motor for shielding the motor.
Assuming it is desirable to mount a shield between the impeller and
the motor in order to protect the motor from corrosive effects of
the liquids, there is the problem of accommodating the drive shaft
through the plate or shield in such a way that liquid cannot reach
the motor even after wear occurs.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is a principal object of the invention to provide a
floating mixer which readily adapts to changes in the surface
level, and which circulates liquid radially in all directions from
the mixing unit.
Another object of the invention is to provide such a floating mixer
which may be readily moved along the surface of the liquid in order
to change to any number of desired positions, and which can be
readily removed from the liquid for inspection, and/or repair.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a mixer which
protects the motor from corrosive effects of the liquid.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a mixer
that is readily and economically manufactured.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide a mixer which
is readily installed in a lake, pond, basin, or channel which can
be readily changed in its location, and which can be periodically
removed and/or inspected and repaired without great deal of
difficulty, and which is efficient in mixing and agitating.
These and further objects of the invention will become apparent
from a study of the attached drawings, accompanying specification
and the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view partly broken away of a floating mixer
embodying the new and improved features of the invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view partly broken away
illustrating the device of FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
Referring now to the drawing, FIG. 1 illustrates a floating mixer
10 in a body of liquid 13 such as a pond, canal, lake, pool, tank,
and the like. A mixer is supported in the liquid by float 11 which
comprises a sealed outer shell 12, the interior of which is filled
with polyurethane foam 13. Hooks 15 are secured to the float 11 so
that the mixer can be moored by cables (not shown) at a desired
location. Although the float may assume many different shapes, a
circular float provides many advantages.
The outer sealed shell 12 has a top plate 16 and a spaced bottom
plate 17. Inner and outer cylindrical walls 18 and 19 enclose the
sides of the shell.
A mixing unit 20 in the form of a vertically oriented cylindrical
throat 22 is supported below, and spaced from the float 11 by a
plurality of legs 21.
The throat acts as a propeller duct and is in the form of a
cylindrical chamber 23 having upper and lower open ends. The lower
portion of the chamber 20 is flared at 24 in a frusto-conical
shaped draft tube. The upper open end of chamber 23 is spaced below
bottom wall 17 of the float 11.
An impeller in the form of an axial flow type pump 40 is mounted
for rotation within the chamber 23. Impeller 40 is in the form of a
helical blade that is rotated by drive shaft 41. Drive shaft 41 is
driven by motor 44. The motor 44 is supported on motor mount 45 on
bosses (not shown) secured to the top surface of the outer shell
12.
The motor 44, drive shaft 41, chamber 23, and impeller 40 are
preferably mounted concentric to the circular float 11 in order to
provide balance to the floating assembly. Moreover by positioning
the throat 22, draft tube 20 and impeller concentrically to the
float, as well as the other mentioned units, stability of the
device is improved.
The inner cylindrical wall 18 forms a central passage 47 through
the float 11. Motor mount 45 has a stationery plate 49 that covers
the upper end of the passage 47. A diffusing plate 50 partially
encloses the lower end of the passage 47.
It will be noted that the upward flow of liquid through the chamber
23 is directed against the bottom wall 17 of the shell 12. The
bottom wall serves as a large baffle or deflective plate to
distribute the liquid radially in all directions. If the motor is
reversed, and there is downward flow of liquid, the bottom wall 17
serves to prevent cavitation of the impeller 40. During downward
flow, the liquid emerging from the chamber 23 flows laterally in
all directions.
The aforedescribed mixing unit presents the problem of protecting
the motor, since liquid is under pressure along the drive shaft 41
by the action of impeller 40. The usual solution would be a water
tight seal or bearing surrounding shaft 41. In the present
invention a novel solution is provided.
As shown, diffusing plate 50 is flared downwardly into a bell 51.
The bell 51 is provided with a central opening 52 through which
passes the drive shaft 41.
A small clearance is provided, for example, clearance of 0.005
inches, between the sides of bell 51 and the drive shaft 41.
Therefore, as liquid is forced by the impeller 40 toward or away
from the float 11, a small amount of controlled bleeding of the
liquid between the drive shaft 41 and the sides of opening 52 in
bell 51 occurs.
Conduits 60, which can be mounted in the shell 12, conduit liquid
to or from the passage 47 to a point remotely located from the
mixing unit 20, so that the positive or negative pressure applied
to the liquid within passage 47 by the impeller 40 is relieved to
the surrounding body of liquid 13. In the device illustrated in
FIG. 1, the conduits 60 are mounted at the lower portion of the
passage 47 between the inner wall 18 and the outer wall 19 of the
float 11.
A cone 70 may be removably mounted below the flared end portion of
draft tube 20 in order to prevent erosion of the bottom of the pond
and the like. The cone 70 is removable, and may be removed in the
event the body of liquid is of sufficient depth. Also the cone 70
is removed if the impeller is rotated for updraft of the liquid
through the chamber 23.
From the foregoing, it is believed that the operation of the device
is apparent. The floating mixer 10 is placed in a pool or pond 13
and secured by hooks 15 to cables (not shown). The electrically
powered motor 44 rotates shaft 41 to drive impeller 40. The motor
is usually driven to produce an upward flow of liquid through
chamber 23, but may be reversed to create a downdraft through the
chamber 23.
The draft tube 20 determines the flow of the liquid being mixed. As
is apparent from the foregoing, liquid is drawn vertically from one
horizontal level and discharged at another horizontal level in a
submerged path. This facilitates mixing of materials having
different densities, for example, preventing the settling of
solids.
Moreover, the liquid driven upwardly as shown by arrows A in FIG. 1
is deflected by the bottom wall 17 of the float 11 for lateral
distribution of the liquid in all directions indicated by arrows B.
This provides efficient mixing of the liquid in the parent body 13.
If the liquid is driven downwardly the flared end 24 distributes
the liquid radially in all directions and the bottom wall prevents
cavitation of the impeller. In any case, the bottom wall of the
float serves as a baffle to the chamber 23.
A central passage 47 in the float 11 normally contains a small
amount of liquid which serves as a seal and the level of which is
maintained against positive and negative static heads by the
conduits 60 to the parent body of liquid. If an updraft is produced
by impeller 40, the head of liquid within the passage 47 tends to
increase but is relieved by conduits 60 which communicate between
the passage 47 and the external body of liquid. If a downdraft is
produced by impeller 40, the head of liquid within passage 47 tends
to be less than the level in the external body of liquid but such
negative head is relieved also by the conduits 60 to the parent
body of liquid, thus preventing ingestion of air to the impeller
and consequent cavitation.
In the drawing and specification there has been set forth preferred
embodiments of the invention, and although specific terms are
employed, these are used in a generic and descriptive sense only
and not for purpose of limitation. Changes in form and proportion
of parts, as well as substitution of equivalents are contemplated,
as circumstances may suggest or render expedient, without departing
from the spirit and scope of this invention, as further defined in
the following claims.
* * * * *