U.S. patent number 3,856,051 [Application Number 05/324,690] was granted by the patent office on 1974-12-24 for flexible tube device.
Invention is credited to James A. Bain.
United States Patent |
3,856,051 |
Bain |
December 24, 1974 |
FLEXIBLE TUBE DEVICE
Abstract
A flexible concentric pipe assembly in which one end of the
inner pipe communicates with the outside of the outer pipe, with
the remaining end of the inner pipe communicating with the inside
of the outer pipe.
Inventors: |
Bain; James A. (London 12,
Ontario, CA) |
Family
ID: |
4092451 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/324,690 |
Filed: |
January 18, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
Current U.S.
Class: |
138/114;
128/204.18; 128/203.12 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61M
16/009 (20130101); F16L 11/22 (20130101); A61M
16/08 (20130101); A61M 16/06 (20130101); F16L
11/20 (20130101); A61M 16/0078 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61M
16/06 (20060101); A61M 16/00 (20060101); A61M
16/08 (20060101); F16L 11/00 (20060101); F16L
11/20 (20060101); F16L 11/22 (20060101); F16l
011/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;138/111,114,115,116,117
;239/310 ;137/604 ;128/209,210 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
3101902 |
August 1963 |
Chamberlain et al. |
|
Primary Examiner: Myracle; Jerry W.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Lavine; Irvin A.
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
privilege are claimed are defined as follows:
1. A two limb flexible pipe comprising:
a. a first flexible thin wall corrugated tubular member with
connection means at either end, one of said means having a first
and second passage means, first said passage means communicating
through the interior of the tubular member with the other connector
means;
b. a second flexible essentially thick wall tubular member of
smaller diameter generally disposed within the first tubular
member, said second flexible member having one end communicating
with the second passage means and its other end terminating in the
vicinity of the other connector means to communicate thereat with
the interior of the first flexible tubular member.
2. The pipe of claim 1 wherein the first and second passage means
are disposed within one connector means.
3. The pipe of claim 2 wherein the first flexible tubular member
has an inner diameter of approximately twice the outer diameter of
the second flexible tubular member.
4. The pipe of claim 3 wherein the first and second tubular members
are composed of polyethylene.
5. The pipe of claim 1 further comprising means to constrain within
said first flexible tubular member, the second flexible tubular
member. 6. The pipe of claim 1 further comprising means connecting
the second flexible tubular member to the inner walls of the first
flexible tubular member.
The pipe of claim 6 wherein the connection means is a solvent bond.
Description
This invention relates to an anaesthetic device.
In partial rebreathing anaesthetic systems various types of systems
and devices have been composed; however, such systems suffer from
convenience of operation and simplicity when they are employed.
The present invention therefore achieves a system and a device
which eliminates the use of a plurality of separate tubes for such
circuit and provides means for supplying an anaesthetic gas closely
to the nasal and oral passages of a patient. It also produces a
simpler more convenient means of directing anaesthetic gas to a
patient.
The invention further has certain advantages in its application to
all age groups, its light weight and ease of sterilization or
disposal, and hence is especially suited for anaesthetic
applications for head and neck procedures although it has
application as well in any inhalation application.
The invention further permits control of ventilation at all times
during inhalation and exhalation, for associated rebreathing bag
and respiratory bag and accessibility thereto for monitoring of
spontaneous ventilation.
The invention further contemplates an exhalation limb of a
breathing system incorporating therein a tubing through which fresh
gas inflows into the patient by directly depositing fresh gas in
the mask region disposed over the face of the patient while
conveying exhalated air down through the exhalation limb within
which is disposed the small gas supplying tubing. As such bulk and
multiple limbs are avoided.
The invention also assists in obviating anaesthetic pollution
through exhausting exhalated anaesthetic gases by a patient at his
face and thus overcomes prior art devices which leave
anaesthesiologists and surgeons exposed to anaesthetic pollution.
during medical procedures.
The invention therefore contemplates in an anaesthetic system, for
application to nasal or oral regions of a patient, wherein the
system includes an anaesthetic machine, a face mask and breathing
bag the improvement being a new and improved conduit means
connected between said face mask or endotracheal tube on the one
hand and the breathing bag or ventilator and anaesthetic machine on
the other hand, comprising,
A. a first flexible tubular member with connection means at either
end, one of said means having a first and second passage means,
said first passage means communicating through the interior of the
tubular member with the other connector means;
B. a second flexible tubular member of smaller diameter generally
disposed within the first tubular member, said second flexible
member having one end communicating with the second passage means
and its other end terminating in the vicinity of the other
connector means to communicate thereat with the interior of the
first flexible tubular member.
The embodiments of the present invention will now be described by
way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings
wherein:
FIG. 1 is an anaesthetic system incorporating one embodiment of the
present invention.
FIGS. 2 and 3 are alternative anaesthetic circuits of the present
invention.
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a portion of the flexible pipe of
FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a perspective of a preferred embodiment of a pipe.
Referring to FIG. 1 an anaesthetic system 10 includes an
anaesthetic machine 11, a breathing bag 12, and a patient mask 13.
The breathing bag 12 is connected by a suitable bracket 14 to the
anaesthetic machine in a conventional manner. A corrugated flexible
longitudinal pipe 20 communicates the patient mask 13 at one end
with the anaesthetic machine 11 and breathing bag 12 at the other.
The corrugated flexible pipe 20 includes a first corrugated tubular
member 22 preferably composed of corrugated flexible plastic with
friction engaging connection means 24 and 26 on either end to
communicate the breathing bag 12 with the patient mask 13. A second
flexible tubular member is, for a substantial portion of its
length, interiorly disposed and attached to the interior walls of
the first flexible tubular member 22 by appropriate means. In the
region of the connection 26 the second tubular member extends
through the flexible wall of the tubular member 22 and its free end
29 communicates with the flexible connecting pipe 30 of the
anaesthetic machine 11 by a frictional connection means 31.
The smaller flexible tubular member 28 need not be corrugated but
may be of any extruded plastic material which is commonly
available. If both tubular members are composed of plastic
(polyethelene) the smaller tubular member 28 can be affixed to the
projecting ribs 25 of the first and larger tubular member 22 by
heat weld or solvent bond 33 or other similar means.
The flexible tubular member 28 is constructed of a light weight
plastic, the diameter being uniformly approximately 22 mm. The pipe
20 is generally between 60 inches and 80 inches in length
preferably 72 inches with an internal volume of about 500 cc
(approximately 85 ml per foot of length). The patient end of the
pipe 20 has an internal diameter of about 15 mm adapted to connect
to a conventional mask angle, which those skilled in the art will
know, or directly to an endotracheal tube (not shown). Controlled
ventilation can easily be initiated by manual compression of the
reservoir bag 12 or by attaching of a respirator, for example, that
available under the trade mark "Bird Mark VII," not shown, directly
to the end of the pipe 20 as those skilled in the art will
know.
The other embodiments of the invention have been found suitable for
all patients including paediatric patients. For paediatric patients
under 10 kilograms a smaller length pipe 20 was constructed, for
example, about eight inches in length to which extensions could be
attached. Preferably, however, the same configuration was used with
a special bag mount as illustrated in FIG. 1 including a pop-off
valve 34 designed and attached to the anaesthetic machine 11 in
place of the present art attachments. This provides a fixed
position for the reservoir bag 12, making it easily accessible for
ventilating the patient with the bag 12 through the pipe 20 and the
mask 13 to initiate anaesthesia. Further, the circuit can be
retained in this position during a medical procedure without
inconvenience to a surgeon.
Alternatively, referring to FIG. 2, in place of a blow-off valve
34, a reservoir bag 35 with an open end tail 36 partly occluded can
be used. This arrangement has been found particularly useful for
paediatric cases, because the open tail bag 35 provides less
resistance to exhalation. On occasion, the configuration has been
found to be more convenient for both adult and paediatric cases
when a procedure requires that the anaesthetic machine be left
attached to the fresh gag inflow line at 31'to provide continuous
anaesthesia.
Now the length of the pipe 20, if about 80 inches, allows the
reservoir bag 12 to be visible and accessible under all conditions,
during procedures, that is, for monitoring of respiration, for the
initiation of controlled respiration, or referring to FIG. 3, for
pollution control of exhaled gases from the occluded bag 35
directly into a hospital pollution control system 40 and its
associated suction line 41, which conveys the exhaled gases
exhausted from the occulsion 36 through the system 40 into the
atmosphere and hence away from the operating theatre; anaesthetic
pollution is thus avoided.
More particularly, in operation, referring to FIG. 1, the
anaesthetic machine 11 provides nitrous oxide and oxygen to the
free end 29 of the second tubular member 28 via connecting tube 30
and the gas emanates from the fixed end 31 of the tubular member 28
in the vicinity of the mask 13 (the internal frictional connection
means 24) and thereby is transmitted immediately to the base of the
patient mask 13 and hence to the patient (not shown). During
exhalation of the patient, the respiratory gases travel from the
patient mask 13 down the interior of the larger first tubular
member 22 to the rebreathing bag 12.
Referring to FIG. 5 and to greater detailed of a preferred
embodiment of the invention (where the outer tube 22 is shown
pulled away from either connectors 24 and 26 for clarity) the same
includes a flexible smooth walled extruded plastic inner tube 28
having an outside diameter of about 10 mm and an inside diameter of
about 6 mm. The inner tube 28 makes communicating connection at one
end to an inner coaxially positioned orifice 40 of the face mask
connecting piece 24 composed of integrally moulded plastic having
an outer annular surface 41 extending into an annularly tapered
mating surface 42 for mating with the base of a face mask 13, to
thereby define a larger passage region 43 for communicating with
the face mask. The other end of the inner tube 28 terminatingly
communicates with the smaller passage 46 of the tube passage
connector 26. The tube passage connector 26 consists of integerally
moulded plastic defining a larger through passage 47 and having a
larger annular surface 48 extending, step-like, into a depending
smaller outer annular surface 49, slightly tapered, which is
adapted to mate with the conventional breathing tube bag 12 or
modified stopper valve 34. An annular housing 50 of the connector
26 defines the smaller passage 46 and extends through the wall of
the larger outer annular surface 47 to terminate, exterior of the
surface 47, into a tapered nipple 51 while, to the interior of the
annular surface 47, the passage 46 provides the communicating
terminus for the flexible pipe 28. A larger diameter corrugated
flexible wall moulded plastic tube 22 is spatially disposed
circumferentially about the tube 28 and extends between the
connectors 24 and 26 to terminate one end thereof on the annular
surface 48 and on the other end on the annular surface 41 to
thereby provide communication from passage 47 through the outer
tube 22 to the passage 43.
* * * * *