U.S. patent number 3,852,383 [Application Number 05/386,008] was granted by the patent office on 1974-12-03 for part throttle adjustment.
This patent grant is currently assigned to General Motors Corporation. Invention is credited to Jack L. Seaman.
United States Patent |
3,852,383 |
Seaman |
December 3, 1974 |
PART THROTTLE ADJUSTMENT
Abstract
A part throttle adjustment mechanism for a carburetor power
piston assembly includes a part throttle position maintained by
intake manifold vacuum so as to locate a metering rod with respect
to a main metering jet orifice to restrict fuel flow through the
metering jet orifice. Adjustment of the part throttle position is
by screw action between the piston and an adjustment pin threadably
supported therein. A spring interposed between the pin and the
carburetor housing maintains a constant spring force on the power
piston throughout adjusted idle positions thereof thereby to cause
extra fuel enrichment only in response to a predetermined reduced
vacuum level in the intake manifold of the vehicle.
Inventors: |
Seaman; Jack L. (Fairport,
NY) |
Assignee: |
General Motors Corporation
(Detroit, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
23523770 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/386,008 |
Filed: |
August 6, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
261/69.1;
251/285 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F02M
7/20 (20130101); F02M 19/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F02M
7/00 (20060101); F02M 19/00 (20060101); F02M
7/20 (20060101); F02M 19/04 (20060101); F02m
007/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;261/69R ;251/285 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Miles; Tim R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Evans; J. C.
Claims
What is claimed is as follows:
1. A part throttle adjustment mechanism for a carburetor
comprising: a housing having a bore therein exposed at one end to
atmosphere and at the other end to a vacuum source, a power piston
slidably supported for reciprocation in said bore and having an
internal opening therethrough, an adjustment pin located within
said opening, means on said piston for locating a metering rod
within a metering jet, coacting means on said pin and said piston
for adjustably positioning said piston along the length of said pin
to adjust the part throttle position of said piston, a compression
spring interposed between said adjustment pin and said housing
having a fixed height when the piston is maintained in a part
throttle position by a first vacuum level at the other end of said
bore, said spring moving said piston to a fuel enrichment position
in response to a predetermined reduced vacuum at the other end of
said bore at all part throttle adjusted positions of said piston to
provide extra enrichment of fuel supply through the metering
jet.
2. A part throttle adjustment mechanism for a carburetor operative
to supply an air fuel mixture to an internal combustion engine and
including a throttle valve operative to vary the vacuum in the
intake manifold of the engine comprising: carburetor housing means
including a bore therein having one end thereof exposed to
atmosphere and the opposite end thereof exposed to intake manifold
vacuum, a tubular power piston slidably supported for reciprocation
in said bore for separating atmospheric pressure on one end of said
piston from vacuum pressure on the opposite end thereof, one end of
said power piston being internally threaded, an adjustment pin
having a head portion thereon threadably received in the one end of
said power piston, a compression spring connected between said pin
and said housing means for forcing said piston exteriorly of said
bore, means on said power piston for locating a metering rod with
respect to a metering jet for controlling fuel supply to the
internal combustion engine from an off idle position to wide open
throttle operation wherein intake manifold vacuum levels are
maintained to subject said piston to a pressure differential
thereacross to collapse said spring to hold said power piston in a
part throttle control position, means for fixing said power piston
against rotation with respect to said bore to permit screw
adjustment of said piston with respect to said pin so as to move
said piston longitudinally of said bore thereby to adjust the
height relationship between the metering rod and the metering jet
for varying part throttle fuel flow, said spring having a fixed
height relationship between said pin and housing when said power
piston is in its part throttle control position thereby to maintain
a constant spring force on said piston throughout screw adjustment
thereof whereby extra mixture enrichment of the vehicle is only
obtained when the vacuum within the intake manifold is reduced
below a preselected level in response to predetermined increased
engine loads.
3. A part throttle adjustment mechanism for a carburetor having a
throttle valve and fuel supply means including a metering jet and a
metering rod movable with respect to the metering jet to control
fuel supply to the vehicle comprising: housing means having a bore
therein exposed at one end to atmosphere and exposed at the other
end to a source of vacuum responsive to changes in vehicle
operation and having a first vacuum level under part throttle
positions and a predetermined reduced vacuum level under heavy
acceleration or high speed throttle positions, a power piston
supported for reciprocation within said bore for separating the
atmospheric and vacuum sides of said bore from one another and
maintained by a predetermined intake vacuum in a part throttle
position, means on said power piston for supporting a metering rod,
means within said power piston including an elongated compression
spring for biasing said power piston outwardly of said bore against
reduced vacuum on one end thereof, said adjustment mechanism
including means coacting with said piston for causing said piston
to be adjusted longitudinally of said bore to adjust the part
throttle position of the metering rod with respect to the metering
jet, and means for supporting said spring at a constant height when
said piston is held in its part throttle control position by the
first vacuum level to maintain a constant spring force thereon for
shifting said piston to a fuel enrichment position in response to a
predetermined reduced vacuum throughout the adjusted position of
said piston.
4. A mechanism for permitting adjustment of a part throttle
mechanism in a carburetor having a first control position to limit
fuel supply to an internal combustion engine and a second fuel
enrichment position to increase the flow of fuel to an internal
combustion engine and operative to be moved between the first and
second control positions in response to a predetermined reduction
in engine intake manifold vacuum comprising: housing means forming
a bore opened at one end to atmosphere and at the opposite end
thereof to vacuum within an intake manifold, a power piston
slidably supported within said bore for separating the atmospheric
end thereof from the evacuated end thereof and maintained by a
predetermined intake vacuum in a first control position, height
adjustment means within said power piston for adjusting said piston
with respect to its first control position within said bore to
adjust a part throttle position of a metering rod with respect to a
metering jet so as to calibrate control of fuel through the
metering jet at the part throttle control position, said height
adjustment means including spring means for imposing a constant
spring force on said piston throughout adjustment of said power
piston in its first control position and operative upon a
predetermined reduced vacuum on the evacuated end of the power
piston to shift the power piston from its first control position to
a second control position for locating the rod within the jet to
cause enrichment of fuel flow therethrough.
5. A mechanism for permitting adjustment of a part throttle
mechanism in a carburetor having a first control position to limit
fuel supply to an internal combustion engine and a second fuel
enrichment position to increase the flow of fuel to an internal
combustion engine and operative to be moved between the first and
second control position in response to a predetermined reduction in
engine intake manifold vacuum comprising: housing means forming a
bore opened at one end to atmosphere and at the opposite end
thereof to vacuum within an intake manifold, a power piston
slidably supported within said bore for separating the atmospheric
end thereof from the evacuated end thereof and maintained by a
predetermined intake vacuum in a first control position, an
adjustment pin threadably received by said power piston, means
locating said piston against rotation within said bore, said pin
being threadable within said piston to the adjust position of said
piston on said pin thereby to adjust a part throttle position of a
metering rod with respect to a metering jet so as to calibrate the
control of fuel through the metering jet at the part throttle
control position, a compression spring interposed between said pin
and said housing means having a fixed height when said power piston
is in its first control position to direct a constant spring force
thereon, said spring operative upon a predetermined reduced vacuum
on the evacuated end of the power piston to shift the power piston
from its first control position to a second control position for
locating the metering rod and jet to cause enrichment of fuel flow
therethrough.
Description
This invention relates to part throttle adjustment mechanisms in
carburetors that supply an air fuel mixture to internal combustion
engines and more particularly to means for accurately calibrating a
part throttle adjustment mechanism without varying its control
function.
Main metering systems in carburetors for internal combustion
engines include means to supply fuel through the primary bores of
the carburetor between off; idle and wide open throttle operations.
During such operation high engine manifold vacuum acts on power
piston means to hold main metering rods within main metering jets
against a spring force that is operative to withdraw the main
metering rods from the jets when the intake vacuum manifold is
reduced under conditions that require an enriched fuel flow to the
primary bores of the carburetor. Adjustment of fuel flow under part
throttle conditions is obtained by calibration means that will
adjust a power piston within a power cylinder bore so as to change
the height relationship between the main metering rod and the main
metering jet. In prior systems, adjustment of the position of the
power piston changes the length of the power piston spring. This
results in movement of the power piston from its first control
position to a fuel enrichment position before the intake manifold
vacuum has been reduced to a point at which fuel enrichment is
necessary.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to improve part
throttle adjustment mechanisms for carburetors by the provision
therein of means for adjustment of a main metering rod with respect
to a main metering jet orifice or to give finer metering control in
the part throttle range for controlling exhaust emissions and to do
so without changing the response of a pressure biased power piston
in the part throttle adjustment mechanism to a predetermined
reduced level of vacuum in the intake manifold of the engine.
Another object of the present invention is to improve the
operational control of a part throttle carburetor adjustment
mechanism for positioning a metering rod in a first control
position to restrict fuel flow through a metering jet orifice and a
second metering position to cause enrichment of fuel supply to the
main bore of a carburetor by the provision of means for obtaining
fine metering control in the first control position by adjusting
the position of the power piston within its bore and including
spring means for maintaining a constant force on the power piston
throughout the range of its height adjustment to operate the piston
in its second position only in response to a predetermined reduced
intake manifold vacuum.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an
improved power throttle adjustment mechanism for a carburetor that
includes calibration means for adjusting the height relationship
between a main metering rod and a main metering jet orifice to
compensate for dimensional tolerance variations between component
parts of the part throttle mechanism and wherein the calibration
means will permit adjustment of the power piston without varying
the force of a spring component for shifting the power piston
between a first restricted control position and a second fuel
enrichment position whereby fuel enrichment only occurs in response
to a predetermined reduced intake manifold vacuum corresponding to
a predetermined heavy acceleration or high speed operation of a
vehicle.
These and other objects of the invention are attained in one
working embodiment including a power piston with a tab to prevent
rotation of the piston within the power piston bore and a hanger
attached to the piston to carry the metering rod or rods; a part
throttle adjustment screw is accessible from the top of the bore.
It includes a thread locking device to retain a screw threaded
relationship between the piston and screw. The screw has a fixed
height from the tip of the screw to a spring seat thereon to
maintain predetermined constant relationship between intake
manifold vacuum and a spring force required to move the power
piston between first and second control positions. A calibrated
compression spring supported between the spring seat on the
adjustment screw and the carburetor housing causes a predetermined
vacuum applied to the bottom of the piston to move the piston
downwardly to overcome the spring force until the tip of the
adjusting screw stops on a fixed control surface thereby limiting
the piston travel into the bore so as to locate the metering rod or
rods in a fixed orifice metering flow relationship to main metering
jet orifices. The adjustment screw turned either counterclockwise
or clockwise will cause the piston to move up and down on the outer
surface of the adjustment screw to change the location of the rod
in the jet when the adjustment screw tip is against the control
surface thereby to meet predetermined fuel requirements. When the
adjustment screw contacts the control surface, a compression spring
height is determined by the distance from the control surface to
the spring seat on the adjustment screw. It is maintained constant
throughout the adjusted height positions of the power piston on the
outer surface thereof. As a result of the constant spring force,
the dimensional variations between the parts and the mechanism are
eliminated insofar as effecting the control of the power piston
between a first reduced fuel flow position and a second fuel
enrichment control position and the switch from part throttle
control to enriched control occurs in response to the same vacuum
throughout the adjusted part throttle positions of the power
piston.
The aforesaid system is adaptable to computerize flow stand testing
by a fixed adjustment screw location accessible from the top side
of the carburetor assembly.
Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be
apparent from the following description, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings wherein a preferred embodiment of the present
invention is clearly shown.
IN THE DRAWINGS:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary, sectional view of a part throttle
adjustment mechanism in a carburetor for supplying air fuel mixture
to an internal combustion engine;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a metering rod and jet of the present
invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken along the line
3--3 of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view taken
along the line 4--4 of FIG. 1.
Referring now to the drawings in FIG. 1, a carburetor 10 is
illustrated including a throttle body portion 12 secured to an
intake manifold 14 of an internal combustion engine in overlying
relationship to an induction port 16 therein. A gasket 17 seals
between body portion 12 and manifold 14. It further includes an air
horn body 18 sealed with respect to a float bowl body 19 by means
of a gasket 20 and being removably secured thereto for permitting
access to a part throttle adjustment mechanism 22 forming part of a
main metering system 24 of the carburetor 10. The air horn 18 has
an internal vent port 28 vented to controlled atmosphere under an
air cleaner (not shown) located above air horn 18. A float bowl
cavity 30 is formed by openings in the body portions 18 and 19.
The float bowl 19 has main metering jets in the base thereof one
shown at 32 having an orifice 34 therethrough. Fuel is metered
under the control of a main metering rod 36 from the float cavity
30 into a main fuel well 38 in part underlying the metering jets 32
and in part extending vertically on one side of body portion 19. An
idle tube 39 depends downwardly within well 38. Fuel flowing into
the main fuel well 38 is mixed with air from a vent opening 40 at
the top of the main well and side bleed ports 42, 44, the side
bleed 42 leading from inside a carburetor bore 46 above the
carburetor venturi and the bleed 44 leading from the main fuel
cavity around the main fuel nozzle 48 in the main well 38. The air
fuel mixture then passes through the main discharge nozzle 48 into
a boost venturi 50 thence through the main venturi 52 in the bore
46 to the induction bore 16 of the engine.
The carburetor 10 includes an upwardly located choke valve 54 and a
throttle valve 56 that are adjusted in response to acceleration of
the vehicle to vary the level of vacuum in the intake manifold of
the vehicle.
In order to control emissions, the part throttle adjustment 22
includes means for accurately positioning the metering rod 36 with
respect to the metering jet 32 to give a finer metering control in
a part throttle adjustment to control exhaust emissions.
More particularly, and as best seen in FIG. 2, the metering rod 36
includes a small diameter tip 58 thereon which is of a diameter
substantially reduced from the diameter of the metering orifice 34
in the jet 32. A tapered segment 59 on the rod 36 joins small
diameter tip 58 to a second stage tapered segment 60 leading to a
large diameter control segment 61 on the rod 36.
When the part throttle adjustment 22 is in a first control
position, the rod 36 will be moved downwardly into the dotted line
position shown in FIG. 2 so as to locate the large diameter segment
61 on the rod 36 within the orifice opening 34 so as to restrict
fuel flow from the float bowl cavity 30 into the main fuel well 38.
This position of the rod 36 with respect to the metering jet 32 is
maintained during part throttle and cruising range operation of the
accelerator pedal. This will position the throttle valve 56 so as
to maintain a substantial intake manifold vacuum which will be
sufficient to condition the part adjustment mechanism 22 to hold
the rod 36 in its first control position with controlled metering
of fuel to the engine.
The part throttle adjustment mechanism 22 further positions the
main metering rod 36 in a second control position shown in solid
lines in FIG. 2 wherein the small diameter tip 58 thereon is
aligned with the control orifice 34. In this position, extra fuel
is directed from the float bowl cavity 30 into the main fuel well
38. The second position occurs under heavy acceleration or high
speed operation of the vehicle wherein intake vacuum is reduced.
The mechanism 22 is spring biased to overcome the reduced intake
vacuum under increased engine loads to cause the metering rod 36 to
move into the upward position to locate the smaller diameter tip 58
on the rod in the metering orifice 32. This allows more fuel to
pass through the main metering jet and will enrich the mixture
flowing into the primary main well and out the main discharge
nozzles through the carburetor bore 46 into the induction port 16
to compensate for added engine load.
The part throttle adjustment mechanism 22, best shown in FIG. 3,
includes a power cylinder bore 62 therein opened at the upper end
to be in communication with the controlled atmosphere under the air
cleaner through the upper space of the cavity 30 and the port 28. A
crossover passageway 63 leads from the induction port 16 to a
housing port 64 that directs intake manifold vacuum into the bore
62 against the underside of a power piston 65 which is slidably
supported for reciprocation within bore 62 between first and second
control positions. The piston 65 includes peripheral grooves 66 for
separating the upper end of bore 62 from the intake manifold vacuum
end thereof. It has a tubular configuration including a bore 68
therethrough with internal threads 70 at the upper end thereof for
threadably receiving the screw head end 72 of an adjustment pin 74.
The part throttle adjustment pin 74 more particularly includes a
dependent tip portion 76 movable against and away from a stop
control surface 78 located above the passageway 63 and below the
port 64.
As shown in FIG. 4, the end 72 of the adjustment pin 74 is slotted
at 80 and is directed upwardly through an opening 82 in a
combination hanger and tab member 84. The member 84 has a side tab
86 thereon directed into a vertical slot 88 in the float bowl body
19. The opening 82 has flats 90, 92 in spaced parallelism therewith
fit over flattened upper end surfaces 94, 96 respectively to
interlock the member 84 against rotation with respect to the power
piston 65. The tab 86 interlocks piston 65 against rotation with
respect to bore 62.
The adjusting arrangement fixes the adjustment pin in a
predetermined location and thereby enables it to be accurately
tested and calibrated on a computerized flow stand test setup. The
member 84 further includes an outwardly directed hanger 98 with a
hook 100 formed thereon at a point overlying the float bowl cavity
30. The hook 100 has an opening 102 therethrough in which is fit a
bent end 104 on the upper end of the metering rod 36. The bent end
104 is held in place against the hanger 98 by means of a retainer
spring 105 having one end 107 thereon wrapped around the outer
surface of the upper end of the rod 36 thence underneath the hook
100 and across the back side of the hanger 98 where it is wrapped
around the outer diameter of the upper end of the piston 65.
In operation, the part throttle mechanism 22 and the power piston
65 will respond to a predetermined intake manifold vacuum
reflecting part throttle and cruise speed operation to pull the
power piston 65 downwardly in the bore 62 against the force of a
calibrated return spring 106 having the upper end thereof seated
against a spring seat 108 formed on the underside of the threaded
end 72 of the adjustment pin 74. The opposite end of the spring 106
is seated against the surface 109 at the bottom of the bore 62.
When the vacuum is great enough, the spring 106 will collapse and
the tip 76 will engage the stop surface 78 to define a first
control position wherein the metering rod 36 is moved downwardly
with respect to the metering jet 32 as shown in dotted lines in
FIG. 2 to restrict flow of fuel to the main fuel well 38.
One advantage of the present invention is that the metering action
of the part throttle adjustment can be closely calibrated to
produce a fine control of metering of fuel in the part adjustment
range of operation.
To get close adjustment control of the metering rod 36 with respect
to the metering jet 32, a screwdriver is placed in the slot 80 and
the piston 65 and adjusting pin 74 are moved within the bore 62
until the tip 76 hits the control surface 78. At this point, it
should be noted that the length of the spring 106 is a constant
distance defined by the length of the adjusting pin 74 between the
seat 108 and the bottom of the tip 76. This height relationship
will remain constant throughout the height adjusted relationship
between the power piston 65 and the adjustment pin 74 so that a
constant spring force acts on the power piston 65 when the power
piston 65 is in its first fuel restriction control position. When
the piston 65 is so positioned, to obtain fine adjustment of the
rod 36 and the metering jet 32, the adjustment pin 74 is screwed
with respect to the power piston 65. The tab 86 will prevent
rotation of the power piston 65 and as a result, the power piston
65 will thread upwardly or downwardly on the adjustment pin 74.
This will change the height relationship between the end of the rod
36 and the jet 32 so as to closely adjust the restricted flow of
fuel from the cavity 30 into the main well 38 under part throttle
conditions. Moreover, the calibration of the mechanism 22 is
accomplished without changing the vacuum intake pressure at which
the power piston will be moved upwardly by the constant force of
the spring 106 so as to move the metering rod 36 outwardly of the
metering jet 32 into the fuel enrichment position mentioned
above.
While the embodiments of the present invention, as herein
disclosed, constitute a preferred form, it is to be understood that
other forms might be adopted.
* * * * *