U.S. patent number 3,851,615 [Application Number 05/379,086] was granted by the patent office on 1974-12-03 for road marker.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Moller Coates A/S, Presisjon Mek. Verksted A/S. Invention is credited to C. Grundvig, B. Thorvaldsen.
United States Patent |
3,851,615 |
Grundvig , et al. |
December 3, 1974 |
ROAD MARKER
Abstract
A road marker for reflective devices employed on the sides of
highways is disclosed. The road marker is readily adjustable for
angle and height and is readily severable to prevent substantial
damage to a vehicle coming into contact therewith.
Inventors: |
Grundvig; C. (Fredrikstad,
NO), Thorvaldsen; B. (Fredrikstad, NO) |
Assignee: |
Moller Coates A/S (Oslo,
NO)
Presisjon Mek. Verksted A/S (Oslo, NO)
|
Family
ID: |
23495754 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/379,086 |
Filed: |
July 13, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
116/63R; 403/128;
40/612; 404/9 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E01F
9/646 (20160201); E01F 9/642 (20160201); Y10T
403/32681 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
E01F
9/018 (20060101); E01F 9/019 (20060101); E01F
9/011 (20060101); E01f 009/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;116/63R,63P
;40/125N,125J,145A,145R ;52/103,110 ;248/181
;403/90,131,122,128,129,143 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Capozi; Louis J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Eyre, Mann & Lucas
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A road marker comprising:
a. an upper portion comprising at least two member sections which
are telescopically movable with respect to each other;
b. means for fixedly positioning each telescopic section with
respect to each adjacent telescopic section;
c. a lower portion comprising an elongated member of sufficient
strength to be driven into the ground;
d. a ball joint joining said upper and lower portions, said ball
joint comprising two spherically shaped members, one of which is
spherically shaped on its interior and the other of which is
spherically shaped on its exterior, said members being separable
but being adapted to be coupled together in cooperative
relationship for axial movement of said upper and lower portions,
one of said spherical ball joint members being rigidly affixed to
the upper portion of the road marker and the other of said
spherical ball joint members being rigidly affixed to the lower
portion of said road marker;
e. means for fixedly positioning the ball joint members with
respect to each other; and
f. a member affixed to the other end of said upper portion from the
ball joint end, said member being the marker.
2. The road marker of claim 1 wherein the elongated member is made
of steel.
3. The road marker of claim 2 wherein the elongated member has
helically positioned protrusions on the surface thereof.
4. The road marker of claim 1 wherein the telescoping members are
plastic.
5. The road marker of claim 4 wherein the telescoping members are
polyethylene.
6. The road marker of claim 1 wherein the upper ball joint member
is plastic.
7. The road marker of claim 6 wherein the lower ball joint member
is plastic.
8. The road marker of claim 1 wherein one of the spherical members
has a shoulder to aid in severability of the ball joint.
9. The road marker of claim 1 wherein one of the spherical ball
joint members has slits to facilitate joining of the ball joint
members.
10. The road marker of claim 1 wherein the means for joining the
upper and lower ball joint members comprises an O-clamp.
11. The road marker of claim 1 wherein the member of part (f) is
trapezoidal in cross section.
12. The road marker of claim 1 wherein the telescoping sections
comprise tubes.
Description
The present invention relates to a road marker for use on the side
of a highway.
Road markers are in common use in this country to indicate where
the side of the road is as for example with a reflective device.
They are also frequently used as mileage indicators and for other
similar purposes.
Most road markers today comprise an integral pole with the
reflective or other device affixed to the top thereof. The integral
pole is usually a piece of wood or a C-shaped metal stake. The
disadvantage of these unitary pole structures is that they are
quite difficult to exactly position and they tend to cause a
considerable amount of damage to motor vehicles which come in
contact with them. These devices are usually required to be set at
a certain angle (usually absolute vertical) and at a certain
height. No allowance is generally made for variances in the terrain
such as rocks or other obstacles which might be encountered in
driving in the road marker. As a result of this, the road markers
are frequently difficult to position both in terms of angle and in
terms of height, the latter being especially true if the position
for the device happens to fall in a gully. Additionally, because of
the rigidity of the structure, substantial damage can be caused to
motor vehicles which for one reason or another happen to come into
contact with them. Especially serious is the fact that a road
marker will frequently reflect an automobile just enough to drive
it into some other and far more damaging structure.
In accordance with the present invention, these disadvantages of
prior art road markers are overcome by making the road marker
adjustable both with respect to height and with respect to angle of
installation. Height adjustment is accomplished by having
telescopic sections coupled together for that part of the device
which will be above the ground. These telescopic sections will
normally comprise tubes of varying diameter but it will be
understood that the invention is not limited to this structure. The
structure for varying the angle of installation of the road marker
is a ball joint. The ball joint is preferably made of plastic so
that it is easily severed when an automobile or other motor vehicle
comes into contact with it.
These and other advantages of the present invention may be more
fully understood with reference to the drawings wherein:
FIGS. 1A, B, and C, show views of the road marker of the present
invention from the front, the back and the side respectively;
FIGS. 2A and 2B show suitable construction for the telescopic
mounting;
FIG. 3 shows the lower part of the road marker which will be
embedded in the ground;
FIG. 4 shows the preferred embodiment of a ball joint for use in
the present invention;
FIGS. 5A and 5B show a suitable means for fixing the position of
the ball joint; and
FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C show a side, back and top view of the preferred
embodiment of a reflective marker.
Referring now to FIG. 1 views A, B, and C, there is shown the
preferred embodiment of the road marker according to the present
invention. The road marker comprises telescoping sections 1 and 2
which permit adjustment of height of the road marker. Means are
provided for fixedly positioning elements 1 and 2 with respect to
each other. For example, there could be spaced holes travelling
through both tubes in a direction perpendicular to the center line
for ready adjustment of the road marker by insertion of a pin or
bolt. Alternatively, tube 1 can be provided with grooves for
receiving a C-shaped spring clip. Other means for fixedly
positioning elements 1 and 2 will be readily apparent to those
skilled in the art. It is pointed out that where there are more
than two telescoping elements, means must be provided for fixedly
positioning each element with respect to the element adjacent
thereto.
Member 7 is adapted to be driven to the ground and is provided with
an irregular surface for better frictional engagement with the
ground. A ball joint is provided between the member 7 and the
telescoping elements 1 and 2. The ball joint comprises an upper
member 10, a lower member 9 and retaining means 11. Shown on the
top of the telescoping member is a reflective device 3. On its
front surface the reflective device has a square reflector 4 and on
each side thereof are provided circular reflectors 5 and 6. No
reflective device is provided on the back portion shown in FIG.
1B.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, member 7 is
made of a hard metallic material such as cam-steel. The remainder
of the device such as the ball joint and the telescoping sections
are made of plastic since plastic is considerably less resilient
and will cause less damage to automobiles.
Referring now to FIG. 2 there is shown the preferred embodiment of
the telescoping members of the present invention comprising
telescoping tubes 1 and 2. The outside diameter of the tube 1 is
preferably approximately the same as the inside diameter of the
tube 2 so that there is a tight yet sliding relationship between
the two members when the tube 1 is inserted into the tube 2.
FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of member 7. As there shown, the
protrusions on the surface of the member to be driven into the
ground are helically arranged on the surface thereof. This helical
arrangement not only increases frictional engagement between the
ground member 7 and the ground but also tends to make the device
"screw" into the ground as it is driven with a sledgehammer or
other suitable device.
FIG. 4 shows the preferred construction of the ball joint of the
present invention. The upper part of the ball joint 10 comprises a
cylindrical member 13 for insertion into element 1 of the
telescoping member. The member 10 is preferably made of plastic and
the member 13 is preferably made with a slightly larger outside
diameter than the inside diameter of tube 1 so that they can be
joined and will be held together by frictional engagement.
Alternatively, where the plastic does not admit of such joining
because of low stress strength, the upper member of the ball joint
and the lower member of the telescoping section can be affixed with
adhesives, screws, or other similar means. It will also be
understood that where desired the upper part of the ball joint 10
and the lower part of the telescoping member 1 can be formed as an
integral unit as for example by compression molding.
The lower part of the ball joint 9 comprises a partly spherical
member 14 and a cylinder 18 adapted to receive ground member 7. The
affixing of ground member 7 to lower ball joint member 9 can be by
any of the means described with respect to affixment of upper ball
joint 10 to lower telescopic member 1. In light of this, it will be
understood that lower ball joint member 9 could be made of a
metallic material if desired. The purpose for having cylinder 18
extend above the top spherical surface 14 is to facilitate driving
of the ground member 7.
It will be appreciated that the outside dimension of spherical
member 14 corresponds to the inside dimension of spherical member
so that the two, when joined together, form a standard ball joint.
To facilitate joining of the two members, slits 15 are preferably
provided in the lower part of spherical member 12. The slits allow
the upper ball joint member 10 to be slid over the lower ball joint
member 9. When the two parts have thus been brought into
overlapping relationship, they are joined together by suitable
means such as O-clamp 11 shown in FIG. 5. The O-clamp comprises two
half circles hingedly connected and joined by a bolt 17. It will be
appreciated that there are many different constructions for
O-clamps and that, in fact, means other than O-clamps can be used
for joining the upper and lower ball joint members.
The upper ball joint member 10 is preferably provided with a flange
16 which increases the structural rigidity of the member,
especially where slits 15 are employed. The flange 16 also serves
to retain the O-clamp 11 in position where the O-clamp is
employed.
A lower shoulder 19 is preferably provided on the base of the lower
ball joint member. When pressure is applied to the upper ball joint
member as for example by a vehicle hitting it, the two members will
become axially displaced due to the force of the impact and flange
16 will progress down spherical member 14. When the flange comes in
contact with the shoulder 19 the ball joint elements 9 and 10 will
become separated by a relatively small force because of the
relatively low moment of force required to separate the two because
of the fixed position of the flange 16 and the shoulder 19. It will
be appreciated that elements 9 and 10 in cooperation with member 11
can be constructed to "break apart" when struck without damage to
the parts so that reassembly of the road marker requires nothing
more than loosening screw 17 and again placing member 10 on member
9 and tightening the O-clamp. Specific dimension of such a device
are well within the skill of the art.
While the preferred form of construction is to have the inside ball
joint member affixed to the ground member 7, it will be appreciated
that the ball joint members could be reversed from the position
shown in the drawings, if desired.
FIG. 6 shows the preferred embodiment of the configuration of a top
reflective marker in accordance with the present invention. Member
3 is preferably made of a trapezoidal cross section with the long
parallel side forming the front face and the shorter parallel side
the rear face. As mentioned hereinbefore, circular markers 5 and 6
are preferably provided on the side of the marker while a
rectangular marker 4 is preferably provided on the front portion
thereof.
For maximum safety, everything except for the ground member 7 is
made of a relatively non-resilient material such as plastic as
compared to the resiliency of steel or wood. Suitable materials are
rigid plastics such as polyethylene. It will be understood,
however, that where the ball joint is made separable by impact then
the resiliency of the other materials is not so critical.
From the foregoing, it will be readily understood that the road
marker of the present invention has significant advantages in terms
of mounting, maintenance and safety. The marker may be driven into
the side of the roadway without concern for height and angle and
then height and angle can be set later. Additionally, if height or
angle is later found to be incorrect, either can be readily
adjusted. The safety aspects of the present invention are typified
by the separable ball joint and also include construction of the
marker of a relatively soft material with respect to the hardness
of steel.
It will be understood that the claims are intended to cover all
changes and modifications of the preferred embodiments of the
invention, herein chosen for the purpose of illustration, which do
not constitute departures from the spirit and scope of the
invention.
* * * * *