U.S. patent number 3,851,196 [Application Number 05/348,008] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-26 for plural axis linear motor structure.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Xynetics, Inc.. Invention is credited to Walter Edwin Hinds.
United States Patent |
3,851,196 |
Hinds |
November 26, 1974 |
PLURAL AXIS LINEAR MOTOR STRUCTURE
Abstract
A positioning system for providing a controlled relative
movement between two members along first and second coordinate axes
including first member, such as a magnetic platen, having at least
two separate areas and with each area corresponding to a different
one of the coordinate axes, and with each area having a different
energy configuration such as parallel ridges of magnetic material
to provide magnetic energy configurations, and with at least two of
the energy configurations disposed relative to each other along the
coordinate axes and with a second member, such as a head disposed
for movement relative to the first member along the first and
second coordinate axes and with the second member including
different means, and with each means selective energizable for
providing forces between the second member and the first member in
cooperation with the individual energy configurations of the
separate areas of the first member to provide independent movement
of the second member along the coordinate axes.
Inventors: |
Hinds; Walter Edwin (Los
Angeles, CA) |
Assignee: |
Xynetics, Inc. (Canoga Park,
CA)
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Family
ID: |
26874621 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/348,008 |
Filed: |
April 5, 1973 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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178753 |
Sep 8, 1971 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
310/12.05;
310/12.21; 310/12.24; 318/115; 318/38 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H02K
37/04 (20130101); H02K 37/06 (20130101); H02K
41/03 (20130101); B23Q 1/545 (20130101); H02K
2201/18 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B23Q
1/25 (20060101); H02K 41/03 (20060101); B23Q
1/54 (20060101); H02K 37/02 (20060101); H02K
37/04 (20060101); H02K 37/06 (20060101); H02k
041/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;318/115,135,687
;310/12-14,35-37 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
"Linear - Rotary Actuator and Transducer for Stick Printer," IBM
Tech. Discl. Bulletin, Vol. 16, No. 2, 7/73, Meier..
|
Primary Examiner: Duggan; Donovan F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Roston; Ellsworth R.
Parent Case Text
This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 178,753
filed Sept. 8, 1971, now abandoned, the subject matter of which is
incorporated by reference into the present application.
Claims
I claim:
1. A positioning system for providing a controlled relative
displacement in first and second coordinate directions,
including
a first member forming a platen having at least two separate areas
and with each one of the areas corresponding to a different one of
the coordinate axes and with each of the areas being provided with
a plurality of first portions defining a first energy level and
spaced from one another by second portions defining a second energy
level different from the first energy level and with the first and
second portions in a first one of the separate areas being spaced
from one another along the first coordinate direction and with the
first and second portions in the other one of the separate areas
being spaced from one another along the second coordinate
direction, and
a second member disposed relative to the first member for movement
relative to the first member along each of the first and second
coordinate directions independent of the movement along the other
coordinate direction and with the second member including first
means disposed in contiguous relationship to the first area of the
first member and energizable for producing a first force between
the second member and the first portions in the first area of the
first member to provide an independent displacement of the second
member relative to the first member in the first coordinate
direction in accordance with such energizing and with the second
member including second means disposed in contiguous relationship
to the second area of the first member and energizable for
producing a second force between the second member and the first
portions of the second area of the first member to provide an
independent displacement of the second member relative to the first
member in the second coordinate direction in accordance with such
energizing.
2. The positioning system of claim 1 wherein the first member
includes at least a third separate area spaced from the second area
and having first and second portions corresponding to the first and
second portions in the second area and spaced from one another in
the second coordinate direction in accordance with the spacing
between the first and second portions of the second area and with
the first area intermediate the second and third spaced areas and
with the second member including third means spaced from the second
means and with the third means disposed in contiguous relationship
to the third separate area and energizable for producing between
the second member and the first portions of the third area in the
first member a third force corresponding to the second force to
provide an independent displacement of the second member relative
to the first member in the second coordinate direction in
accordance with such energizing.
3. The positioning system of claim 1 wherein the first and second
areas of the first member define a planar surface and the second
member is displaced relative to the first member in the coordinate
directions while being maintained in contiguous relationship to the
first member.
4. The positioning system of claim 1 wherein the first and second
areas of the first member define an arcuate surface in at least the
first coordinate direction and a linear configuration in the second
coordinate direction and the second member is angularly displaced
relative to the first member in the first coordinate direction
while being maintained in contiguous relationship to the first
member and is linearly displaced relative to the first member in
the second coordinate direction while being maintained in
contiguous relationship to the first member.
5. The positioning system of claim 1 wherein the first and second
members of the first member define an arcuate surface in the first
and second coordinate directions and the second member is angularly
displaced relative to the first member along both coordinate
directions while being maintained in contiguous relationship to the
first member.
6. A positioning system for producing a controlled relative
displacement in first and second coordinate directions,
including
a magnetic platen having at least first and second separate areas
spaced from each other, each of the areas controlling movement in a
particular one of the coordinate directions and each defined by
first portions having a first magnetic strength and second portions
spaced between the first portions in the direction of the
particular coordinate axis and having a second magnetic strength
different from the first strength, and
a head positioned adjacent to the platen for movement relative to
the platen in the coordinate directions and including first
magnetic means disposed adjacent to the first and second portions
in the first area of the platen for providing a force between the
head and the first area to provide a movement of the head relative
to the platen in the first coordinate direction and including
second magnetic means disposed adjacent to the first and second
portions in the second area of the platen for providing a force
between the head and the second area to provide a movement of the
head relative to the platen in the second coordinate direction
independently of the movement of the head relative to the platen in
the first coordinate direction.
7. The positioning system of claim 6 wherein the magnetic platen
includes at least a third separate area spaced from the first and
second areas and having first and second portions disposed in the
same configuration as the first and second portions in the second
area and provided with the same magnetic properties as the first
and second portions in the second area and wherein the first area
is intermediate the second and third spaced areas and wherein the
head includes third magnetic means spaced from the second magnetic
means and disposed adjacent to the first and second portions in the
third area of the platen and wherein the second and third means are
constructed and disposed relative to the second and third areas of
the platen to produce a force between the head and the second and
third areas of the magnetic platen to provide an independent
displacement of the head relative to the magnetic platen in the
second coordinate direction independently of the movement of the
head relative to the magnetic platen in the first coordinate
direction.
8. The positioning system of claim 6 wherein the magnetic platen
forms a flat surface and the head is constructed to be displaced
linearly in each of the coordinate directions while being
positioned in adjacent relationship to the platen.
9. The positioning system of claim 1 wherein the magnetic platen
forms a curved surface in at least a particular one of the first
and second coordinate directions and the head is constructed to be
displaced angularly in the particular coordinate direction and to
be displaced linearly in the other coordinate direction while being
positioned in adjacent relationship to the platen.
10. The positioning system of claim 6 wherein the magnetic platen
forms a curved surface in the two coordinate directions and the
head is constructed to be angularly displaced in each of the
coordinate directions while being positioned in adjacent
relationship to the platen.
11. A positioning system providing a controlled relative
displacement in first and second coordinate directions,
including
a platen having at least first and second separate areas
controlling displacement in the first coordinate direction and
having a third separate area controlling displacement in the second
coordinate direction, and each of the first, second and third areas
having first portions with particular dimensions in the direction
of displacement controlled by such area and having second portions
providing the particular spacing of the first portions from one
another in the direction of displacement controlled by such area,
the third area being disposed between the first and second areas in
the direction of displacement provided by the third area, the first
portions in each area having a different energy level than the
second portions in that area, and
a head positioned adjacent to the platen for displacement relative
to the platen in the first and second coordinate directions and
including first and second means respectively disposed relative to
the first and second areas of the platen and constructed to provide
a force between the head and the respective ones of the first and
second areas to provide a displacement of the head relative to the
platen in the first coordinate direction and including third means
disposed relative to the third area of the platen and constructed
to provide a force between the head and the third area to provide a
displacement of the head relative to the platen in the second
coordinate direction.
12. The positioning system of claim 11 wherein the platen includes
a fourth separate area having first and second portions
corresponding in construction and disposition in the second
direction to the construction and disposition of the first and
second portions of the third area and further includes fourth means
disposed relative to the fourth area of the platen to provide a
force with the third means between the head and the third and
fourth areas to provide a displacement of the head relative to the
platen in the second coordinate direction.
13. The positioning system of claim 12 wherein the first and second
areas are spaced from each other in the second coordinate direction
and the third and fourth areas are spaced from each other in the
first coordinate direction to provide an open area intermediate the
first, second, third, and fourth areas.
14. The positioning system of claim 11 wherein the platen forms a
flat surface and the head is constructed to be displaced linearly
in each of the first and second coordinate directions relative to
the platen while being positioned in adjacent relationship to the
platen.
15. The positioning system of claim 11 wherein the platen forms a
curved surface in a particular one of the first and second
directions and the head is constructed to be displaced angularly in
the particular one of the coordinate directions and linearly in the
other one of the coordinate directions relative to the platen while
being positioned in adjacent relationship to the platen.
16. The positioning system of claim 11 wherein the platen forms a
curved surface in each of the two coordinate directions and the
head is constructed to be displaced angularly in each of the
coordinate directions relative to the platen while being positioned
in adjacent relationship to the platen.
17. A positioning system providing a controlled relative
displacement in first and second coordinate directions,
including
a flat magnetic platen having at least first and second spaced
separate areas controlling relative displacement in the first
coordinate direction and a third separate area controlling relative
displacement in the second coordinate direction, each of the first
and second areas having first magnetic portions with uniform
dimensions and with uniform spacings in the first coordinate
direction and having second magnetic portions in the uniform
spacings in the first coordinate direction and each of the third
areas having first magnetic portions with uniform dimensions and
with uniform spacings in the second coordinate direction and having
second magnetic portions in the uniform spacings in the second
coordinate direction, the first magnetic portions in each of the
first, second and third areas having different magnetic properties
than the second magnetic portions in the corresponding one of the
first, second and third areas, and
a head positioned adjacent to the magnetic platen for movement
relative to the platen along the first and second coordinate axes
including first and second electromagnetic means disposed adjacent
to the first and second magnetic portions in the first and second
areas respectively, and constructed to provide a magnetic force
between the head and the respective ones of the first and second
areas to provide a displacement of the head relative to the platen
in the first coordinate direction and including third
electromagnetic means disposed adjacent to the first and second
magnetic portions in the third area to provide a magnetic force
between the head and the third area to provide a displacement of
the head relative to the platen in the second coordinate
direction.
18. The positioning system of claim 17 wherein the third area of
the magnetic platen is located intermediate the first and second
areas and wherein the first portions of each of the magnetic areas
are defined by a plurality of parallel ridges of magnetic material
and wherein the ridges of magnetic material in the first and second
areas are perpendicular to the ridges of magnetic material in the
third area.
19. The positioning system of claim 17 wherein the magnetic platen
includes a fourth separate area having first and second magnetic
portions corresponding in construction and in disposition in the
second coordinate direction to the first and second magnetic
portions in the third area and wherein the head includes fourth
electromagnetic means disposed adjacent to the first and second
magnetic portions in the fourth area on the platen and constructed
to provide a magnetic force between the head and the fourth area to
provide a displacement of the head relative to the platen in the
second coordinate direction.
20. The positioning system of claim 19 wherein the magnetic platen
includes an open work area intermediate the first and second areas
and intermediate the third and fourth separate areas and wherein
the head extends across the open work area to the first, second,
third and fourth areas.
Description
The present invention is directed to a positioning system providing
for a controlled relative movement between a head and a platen. The
platen may be formed of material such as magnetic material and may
have a pattern of spaced upstanding ridges of magnetic material. In
a prior art embodiment of the invention the magnetic platen is
formed of a single pattern of upstanding teeth of magnetic material
to provide for a grid pattern. A head member is located adjacent to
the platen and includes corresponding electromagnetic means which,
when selectively energized, provide for a magnetic force between
the head and the platen to provide a movement of the head relative
to the platen. The head may include separate means to provide
movement of the head along two coordinate axes relative to the
platen. The general type of positioning system described above may
be of the type disclosed in the U.S. Pat. Nos. Re. 27,289 and Re.
27,436 listing Bruce A. Sawyer as the inventor and a control system
for selectively energizing the head and providing a controlled
movement of the head relative to the platen may be seen with
reference to copending U.S. application Ser. No. 36,177 listing
Bruce A. Sawyer as the inventor.
The present invention is an improvement upon the positioning
systems described in the above-referenced patent and patent
application and reference is hereby made to these patents and
patent application for greater detail as to the particular
structure and operation of the head, platen and control system.
The present invention is directed to a positioning system where the
platen contains separate areas, each having different energy
configurations, such as magnetic configurations, to produce a split
platen which has several advantages over the prior art devices
described above. The split platen cooperates with separate means in
a head member to provide for movement of the head relative to the
platen along coordinate axes.
In the positioning system of the present invention, the platen
contains separate areas such as parallel ridges of magnetic
material and with each area including a plurality of such ridges.
If it is desired to provide movement of the head along coordinate
axes which are perpendicular to each other, then the parallel
ridges in the separate areas would also be perpendicular to each
other. The present invention, however, is not limited to the
parallel ridges being perpendicular to each other. If the platen is
flat, then the parallel ridges in the separate areas would normally
be perpendicular to each other. The present invention, however, may
be applied to platens which are not flat. For example, the platen
may be formed on the outside of a cylindrical member or the platen
may be formed as a toroidal or spherical member. Generally,
however, the platen does include separate areas, each area having
an energy configuration to provide a movement of the head along an
axis related to each separate area.
The present invention may also include the platen having spaced
areas which have the same energy configuration such as a magnetic
pattern and with the head member extending between the spaced areas
and including electromagnetic means cooperating with these spaced
areas. These spaced areas provide for a movement of the head member
when selectively energized along a single axis. The use of such
spaced areas produces a high torsional stiffness since these areas
are spaced from each other and such high torsional sitffness would
normally prevent undesired rotational movements of the head member.
The platen may also have a third area which includes a magnetic
pattern which is different from the magnetic pattern of the first
and second areas so as to provide for movement of the head member
along the second coordinate axis.
In another embodiment of the invention, the platen may have pairs
of spaced areas and with an open work area positioned intermediate
these pairs of spaced areas so as to provide for the head member
moving relative to the platen along the coordinate axis while still
maintaining an open work area intermediate all of the spaced
areas.
The present invention has several advantages over the systems shown
in the prior art patents and application. In the present invention,
the use of spaced areas having the same magnetic configuration
allows for the high torsional stiffness described above. In
addition, the use of upstanding ridges of magnetic material
provides about twice the force of an equivalent platen which is
formed as a grid or waffle, which is a type of system described in
the above-referenced patents and application. This force is twice
since there is about twice the area of magnetic material since it
is necessary to eliminate more magnetic material in forming a
waffle pattern. In addition, since the platen is not formed in the
waffle pattern, it may be more easily fabricated from a single
piece of magnetic material.
The use of this split platen does provide for many different
configurations as described above, and a clearer understanding of
the invention will be had with reference to the following
description and drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the invention showing a
platen having three spaced areas and with a head member positioned
above the platen;
FIG. 2 illustrates the underside of the head member of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 illustrates a front view of the first embodiment of the
invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention wherein the
platen is formed as a right circular cylinder and including two
spaced areas cooperating with a head member;
FIG. 5 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention where the
platen is formed as a portion of a toroid or a sphere and including
three spaced areas;
FIG. 6 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the invention where the
platen is formed as a flat member having four spaced areas and
including an open work area intermediate the four spaced areas;
and
FIG. 7 illustrates a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 6.
In FIG. 1 a first embodiment of the positioning system of the
present invention includes a platen 10 and a head 12. The platen 10
is divided into three separate areas, 14, 16, and 18. Each of the
separate areas includes a plurality of ridges of magnetic material
which are parallel to each other. For example, area 14 includes
ridges 20 separated by spaces 22; area 16 includes ridges 24
separated by spaces 26; and area 18 includes ridges 28 separated by
spaces 30.
It can be seen with reference to the platen 10 that the platen may
actually be composed of a single piece of magnetic material such as
soft iron and with the ridges in the separate areas 14, 16, and 18
being formed from this single piece of magnetic material. It can
also be seen with reference to FIG. 1 that the areas 14 and 18 have
ridges which are parallel and in line with each other and the area
16 includes ridges which are parallel to each other and
perpendicular to the ridges of the areas 14 and 18. The areas 14
and 18 provide for an energy configuration or magnetic
configuration which is used in cooperation with means located in
the head 12 to provide for a movement of the head 12 in an X
direction shown by the arrow 32. The area 16 has an energy or
magnetic configuration which cooperate with means in the head 12 to
provide for a movement of the head 12 in a Y direction, shown by
the arrow 34.
FIG. 2 illustrates the underside of the head member 12 and wherein
the head includes a plurality of electromagnetic means to cooperate
with the areas 14, 16, and 18 of the platen 10. The head 12
includes a first group of electromagnetic means 36 which cooperate
with the area 18 and a second group of electromagnetic means 38
which cooperate with the area 14. The head 12 also includes a third
group of electromagnetic means 40 which cooperate with the area
16.
The electromagnetic means 36, 38, and 40 include a plurality of
magnetic ridges and windings and with the ridges being aligned at
particular times with the ridges of the areas 14, 16, and 18. The
interaction of the magnetic fields produced by the electromagnetic
means 36, 38, and 40 with the magnetic material of the ridges in
the areas 14, 16, and 18 provides for an independent movement of
the head member 12 along the X and Y axes in accordance with the
selective energization of the electromagnetic means 36, 38, and 40.
Specifically, the electromagnetic means 36, 38, and 40 may include
groups of ridges which are spaced from each other so that all of
the ridges are not aligned with the ridges in the separate areas
14, 16, and 18 at the same times so that upon selective
energization of the windings the head is moved. A clearer
understanding of the operation of the interaction of the head and
platen so as to provide a relative movement between a head and
platen may be seen with reference to U.S. Pat. Nos. Re. 27,289 and
Re. 27,436. It is to be appreciated that the present invention is
directed to an improvement in the configuration of the platen and
the particular structure of the head and platen so as to provide
for the movement may be in accordance with the structure in the
U.S. Pat. Nos. Re. 27,289 and Re. 27,436. In addition, the
selective energization of the head member be in accordance with the
abovereferenced patents or controlled in a manner as shown in U.S.
Pat. application Ser. No. 36,177.
In FIG. 3 it can be seen that the head member 12 is positioned
above the platen 10 with an air space therebetween in order to
facilitate the movement of the head 12 relative to the platen 10.
An air bearing may be used as is described in the prior patents so
that the head is essentially floating on a film of air over the
platen 10.
FIG. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention including a
cylindrical platen 100 having separate areas 102 and 104. It can be
seen that the area 102 includes a plurality of upstanding ridges
106 of magnetic material which extend circumferentially around the
cylindrical platen 100. The area 104 includes a plurality of
upstanding ridges 108 of magnetic material which are parallel to
each other and extend axially along the cylindrical platen 100. The
areas 102 and 104 therefore are separate areas having different
magnetic energy configurations and which energy configurations are
essentially perpendicular to each other.
A head member 110 is cylindrical and slightly larger in diameter
than the platen 100. The head member 110 includes first and second
electromagnetic means 112 and 114 similar to the means shown in
FIG. 1 to provide for relative movement between the head and the
platen. The head 110 also includes third and fourth electromagnetic
means 116 and 118. The first and second means 112 and 114 cooperate
with the first area 102 so as to provide for relative movement
between the head 110 and the platen 100 along a Z axis defined by
the arrow 120. The third and fourth means 116 and 118 cooperate
with the second area 104 so as to provide for a relative rotational
movement between the head and the platen along a rotational axes
defined by the arrow 122 with the notation .theta..
It can be seen, therefore, with reference to the embodiment of FIG.
4, that selective energization of the first, second, third, fourth
means, 112-118, provides for a relative rotational and longitudinal
movement between the head 110 and the cylindrical platen 100.
FIG. 5 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention including a
magnetic platen 150 having a toroidal shape, or being a section of
a sphere which magnetic platen includes three separate areas 152,
154, and 156. The areas 152 and 156 include parallel ridges of
magnetic material 158 and 160 which parallel ridges are along the
same line and are used to provide for a magnetic configuration to
produce movement along one axis. The area 154 includes parallel
ridges of magnetic material 162 which extends circumferentially
around the interior surface of the toroidal platen 150 to provide
for movement along a second coordinate axis.
A head member 164 includes two portions 166 and 168. The two
portions are joined by a bar 170 which may be pivoted about the
point 172. Each portion 166 and 168 includes electromagnetic means
which are similar to the electromagnetic means shown in FIG. 1
except they extend along a curved surface to conform to the inner
surface of the toroidal platen 150. It can be seen therefore, that
by selective energization of the electromagnetic means included in
the portions 166 and 168 of the head member 164, a relative motion
along the two angular coordinate axes shown by the arrows 174 and
176 marked .phi. and .theta. respectively may be produced. One axis
is a rotational axis 176 around the pivot point 172 and the second
axis is a rotational axis 176 again, around the pivot point
172.
FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate a fourth embodiment of the invention
including a magnetic platen 200 having four separate areas 202,
204, 206, and 208. It can be seen that areas 202 and 204 include
parallel ridges 210 and 212 which extend in a first direction and
areas 206 and 208 include parallel ridges 214 and 216 which extend
in a second direction, which direction is perpendicular to the
direction formed by the parallel ridges in the areas 202 and 204.
Therefore, each group of two separate areas provides for a magnetic
energy configuration to produce a relative movement of a head
member 218 along coordinate axes which are perpendicular to each
other and are represented by the X and Y axes shown by the arrows
220 and 222.
* * * * *