U.S. patent number 3,849,915 [Application Number 05/383,800] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-26 for sport shoe.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Onitsuka Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Masanobu Inohara.
United States Patent |
3,849,915 |
Inohara |
November 26, 1974 |
SPORT SHOE
Abstract
A sport shoe comprises a sole and an upper mounted on said sole,
wherein a plurality of recesses each with a rounded inner wall
surface are provided on the lower surface of said sole for trapping
water thereinto and producing anti-slipping effect, whereby an
athlete is prevented from falling down on an all-weather track in
the rain or after the rain, and his running speed and jumping force
are increased.
Inventors: |
Inohara; Masanobu (Akashi,
JA) |
Assignee: |
Onitsuka Co., Ltd. (Kobe,
JA)
|
Family
ID: |
27279862 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/383,800 |
Filed: |
July 30, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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|
|
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Mar 1, 1973 [JA] |
|
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48-24971 |
Mar 26, 1973 [JA] |
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48-12519 |
May 8, 1973 [JA] |
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48-18261 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
36/67B;
36/59C |
Current CPC
Class: |
A43C
15/161 (20130101); A43B 5/00 (20130101); A43B
13/22 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A43B
13/14 (20060101); A43C 15/00 (20060101); A43C
15/16 (20060101); A43B 13/22 (20060101); A43B
5/00 (20060101); A43c 015/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;36/59B,59C,67,7.6,7.7 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Scanlan, Jr.; Richard J.
Claims
What I claim is:
1. A sport shoe comprising a sole and an upper mounted on the sole,
the sole having a lower surface provided with a plurality of
recesses each having a rounded inner wall surface, and a plurality
of metallic spikes extending from non-recessed portions of the
lower surface of the sole, the effective length of each spike being
between the lower surface of the sole and the lower end of the
spike, each spike having a longitudinal axis and a lower axially
extending portion, the lower portion of each spike having a uniform
cross-section throughout the length thereof, the lower end of each
lower portion having a planar surface crossing the axis of the
spike.
2. The sport shoe of claim 1 wherein each of the recesses has a
circular periphery.
3. The sport shoe of claim 1 wherein at least some of the recesses
have peripheries in the form of elongated circles extending in a
direction substantially along the flexion lines of the bone
framework of the wearer's foot.
4. The sport shoe of claim 1 in which the planar surface of the
lower portion of each spike extends perpendicularly to the axis of
the spike.
5. The sport shoe of claim 1 in which each spike includes an
enlarged portion which extends between the lower portion of the
spike and the lower surface of the sole and which is transversely
enlarged relative to the lower portion.
6. The sport shoe of claim 1 in which each spike includes an
enlarged portion which extends between the lower portion of the
spike and the lower surface of the sole, each of the lower portions
and the enlarged portions being generally cylindrical and each
enlarged portion having a larger diameter than the associated lower
portion.
7. The sport shoe of claim 6 in which each enlarged portion
includes a planar lower surface extending radially outwardly from
the associated lower portion.
8. The sport shoe of claim 1 including a plurality of projections
extending downwardly from non-recessed portions of the lower
surface of the sole, each of the projections having a flat lower
surface.
9. The sport shoe of claim 1 including a plurality of projections
extending downwardly from non-recessed portions of the lower
surface of the sole, each of the projections being tapered
downwardly.
10. The sport shoe of claim 1 including a plurality of first and
second projections extending downwardly from non-recessed portions
of the lower surface of the sole, each of the first projections
having a flat lower surface and each of the second projections
being tapered downwardly and being shorter than the first
projections.
11. The sport shoe of claim 1 wherein each of the recesses has an
elliptical periphery.
12. The sport shoe of claim 1 wherein each of the recesses has a
polygonal periphery.
Description
The present invention relates to a sport shoe, especially to a
sport shoe provided with a shoe sole of a new construction suitable
for running and jumping.
Lately, as a running or racing track in a sport ground, a track
formed of resilient rubbery sheet of high polymer compound has come
into frequent use in place of the conventional track formed of
multi-layered soil such as en-tout-cas layer or cinder layer,
gravel layer, sand layer and the like. The track formed of high
polymer compound has the properties of good resiliency,
waterproofness and non-permeability, thus being applied to a track
in a ground of all-weather type.
Such all-weather track, unlike abovementioned conventional track of
en-tout-cas layer and the like, cannot absorb water and therefore
when it rains the surface thereof is submerged. Thus, due to water
layer formed between a shoe sole and the track surface, the wearer
is apt to slip in running by so-called hydroplaning phenomenon, and
is always in an unstable condition and cannot play to his full.
Further, the conventional spiked sport shoe is provided with a
plurality of tapered and circular conical metal spikes.
Abovementioned resilient rubbery sheet of high polymer compound has
the property of being buoyant and resilient when rather lightly
pressed, and rigid when pressed hard. For example, in a sprint
race, a weight 3 times as heavy as a running sprinter's weight is
put on the track, and further in the take-off of hop step and jump
a weight 7 to 9 times as heavy as a racer's weight is put thereon.
So, it is necessary to choose spiked shoes suitable for such a
track after due consideration of such properties thereof.
In particular, if on such a resilient rubbery track used are the
conventional spiked shoes with circular conical spikes which are
adapted to penetrate or be stuck into a track in order to obtain
kicking force, said penetration and sticking is restrained owing to
above-mentioned properties of the track, thus the wearer's or
athlete's balance being disturbed. And if spikes are forced to
penetrate or be stuck into said track, resistance force will
increase in pulling them out and extra energy is required in
lifting feet, resulting in the athlete's fatigue in a shorter time
and reduction of his progressing speed or jumping force. In
addition, marks left on the resilient rubbery sheet by said spikes
cannot heal of themselves.
Consequently, spiked shoes for such a track requested by an athlete
as well as a ground owner are such as can catch the track surface
well, and obtain strong resistance to side slipping without
damaging the track by leaving spike marks thereon.
The main object of the present invention is to provide sport shoes
wherein on the lower surface of the shoe sole provided are a
plurality of recesses each having a rounded inner wall surface for
trapping water thereinto and in addition preventing slip of the
shoe sole, whereby during running in the rain or after the rain on
such all-weather track an athlete does not fall down by so-called
hydroplaning phenomenon and can increase his running speed and
jumping force.
Another important object of the present invention is to eliminate
abovementioned disadvantages of the conventional sport shoes and to
provide sport shoes suitable especially for an all-weather
track.
Features and advantages of the present invention will become
apparent from the following description of embodiments with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a sport shoe according to the
present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view of a sport shoe of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view illustrating an example of a front
sole of a sport shoe according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the front sole taken along line
IV--IV of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view illustrating a part of the
front sole of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view illustrating the action of the
front sole of FIG. 3 to the surface of an all-weather track;
FIG. 7 is a bottom plan view of another example of a front
sole;
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the front sole taken along line
VIII--VIII of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view illustrating a part of the
front sole of FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a bottom plan view of another example of a front
sole;
FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the front sole taken along line
XI--XI of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged sectional view illustrating a part of the
front sole of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a cross sectional view illustrating the action of the
surface of an all-weather track;
FIG. 14 is a bottom plan view of another example of a front
sole;
FIG. 15 is a sectional view of the front sole taken along line
XV--XV of FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is an enlarged sectional view illustrating a part of the
front sole of FIG. 14;
FIG. 17 is a cross sectional view illustrating the action of the
front sole of FIG. 14 to the surface of an all-weather track;
FIG. 18 is a bottom plan view illustrating another example of a
front sole;
FIG. 19 is a cross sectional view of the front sole taken along
line XIX--XIX of FIG. 18;
FIG. 20 is a cross sectional view of the front sole taken along
line XX--XX of FIG. 18; and
FIG. 21 is an explanatory view of the sole of man's foot, wherein
shown are a part of the bony framework with broken lines, and a
plural number of flection lines with imaginary lines.
With reference to the drawings, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a sport
shoe of the present invention, which comprises a shoe sole 10 of
proper thickness formed of rigid natural or synthetic rubber or
synthetic resin and an upper 11 formed of soft leather mounted
thereon.
The shoe sole 10 consists of a front sole 10A formed of Nylon layer
which is relatively thick, tough and therefore difficult to be
broken in use, and a rear sole 10B formed of rubber layer which is
rather thin, strong and soft, said two soles being formed
separately.
The front sole 10A is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, provided with a
plurality of recesses 12 on the lower surface or the tread surface
thereof. As apparently seen in the drawings, each recess 12 has a
rounded inner wall surface extending with proper depth inwardly
from the lower surface 13 of the sole, said recess having
circular-shaped outline on said lower surface of the sole (see FIG.
3), while cross section thereof is semi-circular-shaped.
The recesses 12 of the front sole 10A are adapted to trap water
thereinto so that water is not interposed between the lower surface
13 of the sole and the track surface in a game on a track submerged
like an all-weather track in the rain or after the rain, whereby
so-called hydroplaning phenomenon is not caused during the wearer's
running at full speed; thus preventing his falling down.
In addition, said recesses 12 can produce an effect of preventing
slipping of the shoe on an all-weather track T due to the presence
of the peripheral edge 14A thereof. Each recess has, as
abovementioned and shown in FIG. 5, the rounded inner wall surface
14 and hence semicircular section, so that distribution of stress
against external force changes smoothly from the peripheral edge
14A to the innermost portion 14B. Therefore not caused are cracks
on the inner wall surface 14 of each recess 12 by an abrupt change
of stress.
The front sole 10A can, by providing as many recesses as possible
thereon, be made lightweight in spite of thickness thereof,
properly flexible and resilient. So, kicking force and
anti-slipping force is further effected in accordance with the
action of the wearer's foot, and his running speed and jumping
force are strikingly increased.
FIGS. 7 and 8 show a modified example of a front sole, which is
provided with a plurality of the same recesses as shown in FIGS. 3
and 4, and a plurality of spikes 16 mounted where there are no
recesses. Each spike 16 is, as shown in FIG. 9, vertically fixed
through a supporting member 17 to the front sole 10A. The
supporting member 17 comprises a tubular part 18 with threaded
inside and an annular anchoring flange 19, and is embedded in the
front sole 10A. Each spike 16, at least in the effective part
thereof (part extending from the lower surface of the sole to the
lower end of the spike, and the length of said effective part is
shown by the designation E.L. in the drawings.), comprises a
parallel portion 16.sub.A1 having uniform cross section both in
form and area throughout the length thereof and constituting the
lower part of said effective part, the bottom face of said parallel
portion 16.sub.A1 being shaped as cut by a plane crossing the axis
of the spike, and an enlarged portion 16.sub.A2 extending upwardly
from said parallel portion and having larger diameter or section
than said parallel portion, the lower end of said enlarged portion
16.sub.A2 being provided with a resistance face 20 for checking
unnecessarily deep penetration of the spike into a track. Said
parallel portion 16.sub.A1 and said enlarged portion 16.sub.A2 are
preferably circular cylindrical, but may be of any other proper
shape. The upper end 16B of the spike 16 is threaded and screwed
into the supporting member 16 provided with the anchoring flange.
The spike and the sole may be connected to each other by other
various kinds of means.
In a spiked shoe of the present invention, resistance force to side
slipping, which is required in running and will exist on the tread
end of each spike, can be obtained by shorter penetration of spikes
into a track compared with that in a conventional spiked shoe
having tapered spikes. Further, when spiked shoes of the present
invention are used on an all-weather track formed of resilient
rubbery sheet of high polymer compound, pressure (namely, reaction
force exerting upwardly from the tread face of each spike against
the depressing pressure of the athlete's foot) is put uniformly on
the whole bottom face or tread face of each spike, so that each
spike depresses and touches the track with temporarily denting the
surface thereof without leaving any spike marks thereon. In
addition, when the material of a track is hard, the spikes do not
penetrate unnecessarily deep thereinto, thus preventing reduction
of effective kicking action of the athlete's foot and at the same
time dispensing with extra energy for pulling out spikes stuck
thereinto.
Accordingly, sport shoes provided with such spikes and
abovementioned recesses enable the sole thereof to fully catch the
surface of a track, especially an all-weather track owing to
anti-slipping force effected by the peripheral edge of said
recesses, and in addition have full kicking force or antislipping
force, whereby the wearer's movement and his running or jumping
force are strengthened.
FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate a further modification of the front
sole. As enlargedly shown in FIG. 12, this front sole has on the
lower surface a plurality of recesses 112 each with elliptical
outline and a number of the first and the second projections 21, 22
in the area where there are no recesses, each of said projections
being integrally extending downwardly from said lower sole surface.
The first projection may be shaped in a parallel pillar vertically
extending from said lower sole surface with cross section uniform
in form and area throughout the length thereof, or a frustum (not
shown) with diameter of cross section gradually reducing
downwardly. The end face or tread face of said first projection
being flat, while the second projection 22 is shorter in length
than the first projection and formed in a tapered shape such as a
circular cone.
FIG. 13 illustrates the action of the front sole shown in FIGS.
10-12 on the track T. The second projections 22 can exert
anti-slipping force on the track surface in the direction different
from that of the anti-slipping force produced by the peripheral
edge 114A of the recesses 112. And the projections 21 can,
similarly to spikes, exert anti-slipping force by penetrating
relatively deep into a track, especially a resilient all-weather
track formed of high polymer compound, and in addition can receive
full repelling force of said track surface in releasing depressing
force of said projections 21, hence affording to speed up the
wearer's forwarding movement accompanied by the exertion of his
kicking force.
FIG. 14, 15 and 16 illustrate further modification of the front
sole. Said front sole has a structure formed by combining various
kinds of recesses, spikes and projections mentioned in the
proceding examples.
Apparently seen in FIG. 14, recesses 212 may have substantially
hexagonal or rhombic outline, and on the parts of the lower surface
between adjacent recessesare provided saw-tooth projections 122
which have anti-slipping effect similarly to abovementioned second
and circular conical projections 22. Further on the lower surface
where there are no recesses, a plurality of spikes 16 and the first
projections 21 are provided, each of which has the same structure
as is shown in FIGS. 9 and 12.
FIG. 17 illustrates the action of the front sole of FIGS. 14-16
exerting on an all-weather track T, wherein each spike 16 can exert
larger anti-slipping force than the first or the second projection
by only temporarily denting the surface of the track T without
leaving marks thereon unlike the conventional spikes, and each
recess 212 exerts anti-slipping force on the surface of the track
T, while the first and the second projections 21, 122 exert
anti-slipping force in the direction different from that by the
peripheral edge of said recess.
Therefore, the spiked shoes provided with such a front sole can
fully catch the track surface by combined anti-slipping effects by
the recesses, the spikes and the first and the second projections,
whereby the wearer's movement is enforced and his running speed and
jumping force are increased.
In abovementioned various embodiments of the present invention, the
shoe sole comprises a front sole and a rear sole each separately
formed, but they may be integrally formed as in the conventional
shoe sole. Consequently, the recesses, the first and the second
projections and the spikes are, if needed, provided throughout the
surface of the shoe sole. The shoe sole can be molded out of
thermo-plastic and easily moldable synthetic resin with rigidness,
such as polyamid (nylon), polyurethane or ionomer.
FIG. 18 illustrates another example of a front sole according to
the present invention. This front sole has substantially the same
structure as of the preceding examples with the exception that the
present front sole has, besides circular recesses 12 as shown in
FIG. 3 or 7, recesses 312 each with an elongated-circle-shaped or
channel-shaped outline, which are the modifications of
abovementioned circular recesses. Each of said channel-shaped
recesses 312 is extending on the sole surface with a certain angle
with respect to the longitude of the wearer's foot. Each recess 312
has, as apparently seen in FIGS. 19 and 20, a rounded inner wall
surface 314 similar to that of abovementioned recess 12, 112 or
212, and thereby water-trapping and anti-slipping (resisting
against side slipping) effects can be produced. Further, such
recesses give proper flexibility to the front sole.
The bony framework of a man's foot consists, as shown in FIG. 21,
of seven tarsals or ankle bones (not shown), five metatarsals or
foot bones 30 and 14 phalanges or toe bones 40. It is felt that the
bony framework is flexed at the longitudinal positions of the foot,
but in fact, examining from the anatomical point of view, it is
flexed at the joint connecting phalanges to each other and the
joint connecting each plalanges 40 to each metarasel 30. In FIG. 21
illustrated are flection lines BL.sub.1, BL.sub.2 and BL.sub.3 each
laterally connecting corresponding joints.
In conclusion, the conventional shoe sole, in which no such
anatomical attentions have been paid, cannot flex in accordance
with the movement of the wearer's foot, hence not only giving
uncomfortable feeling but doing hurt to the wearer's foot in the
game. On the contrary, according to the present invention,
elongated-circle-shaped or channel-shaped recesses are formed on
the sole in the direction substantially along the flection lines
BL.sub.1, BL.sub.2 . . . so that the sole can be bent in accordance
with the flection of the bony framework of wearer's foot, thus
smoothing the motion of his foot, keeping the same in safety and
further strengthening his movement.
The elongated-circle-shaped recesses 312 may be provided not only
on the front sole as shown in abovementioned example but throughout
the shoe sole including the rear sole in particular.
* * * * *