U.S. patent number 3,849,815 [Application Number 05/305,253] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-26 for method and apparatus for steaming and smoothing of clothing in a closed chamber.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Normbau GmbH. Maschinen-Apparate-Werkzeuge & Co.. Invention is credited to Manfred Frauendorf.
United States Patent |
3,849,815 |
Frauendorf |
November 26, 1974 |
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STEAMING AND SMOOTHING OF CLOTHING IN A
CLOSED CHAMBER
Abstract
A method is disclosed for steaming and smoothing articles of
clothing in a closed chamber with a lockable processing chamber and
with means for admitting steam and hot air. Short abrupt treatments
of saturated or hot steam at constant pressure above atmospheric
are introduced into the chamber and the pressure is lowered to a
vacuum by condensation of the moisture onto the clothing. After
several such treatments the clothes are dried by hot air which is
blown thereover from above.
Inventors: |
Frauendorf; Manfred (Nurnberg,
DT) |
Assignee: |
Normbau GmbH.
Maschinen-Apparate-Werkzeuge & Co. (Nurnberg,
DT)
|
Family
ID: |
5824995 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/305,253 |
Filed: |
November 10, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Nov 12, 1971 [DT] |
|
|
2156405 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
8/149.1; 8/149.3;
223/51; 68/5C; 223/70 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06F
73/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
D06F
73/00 (20060101); D06F 73/02 (20060101); D06c
001/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;8/149.3,149.1
;68/5R,5A,5B,5C,5D,5E |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Wilhite; Billy J.
Assistant Examiner: Coe; Philip R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Browdy and Neimark
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method for steaming and smoothing articles of clothing in a
closed chamber comprising the steps of:
placing the articles of clothing at room temperature in the closed
chamber;
injecting a pre-determined amount of steam in a short abrupt burst
and at a limited excess pressure above atmospheric pressure into
the chamber, wherein a vacuum is created in said chamber by the
condensation of the moisture contained in said steam on the
articles of clothing;
injecting a further pre-determined amount of steam in a short
abrupt burst and at a limited excess pressure above atmospheric
pressure into the chamber, wherein said articles of clothing are
heated to a predetermined temperature, dependent upon the character
of the articles of clothing to be smoothed, by the evaporation of
the condensation on the articles of clothing;
dropping said pressure in said chamber to atmospheric pressure;
and
blowing hot air in bursts along said articles of clothing from the
top to the bottom.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said pressure of said steam being
injected into said chamber is adjustable.
3. The method according to claim 2 wherein said pressure of said
steam is adjusted from an initial pressure to a pre-determined
final pressure by expansion of said steam in the chamber.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of feeding hot
steam at constant pressure into the chamber.
5. The method of claim 4 further comprising the step of spraying
water of condensation into said hot steam in the chamber.
6. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of spraying a
cloth treatment agent into said steam in the chamber during the
first steam injecting step.
7. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of spraying a
cloth treatment agent into said steam in the chamber during the
second steam injecting step.
8. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of
additionally moistening said steam during the first steam injecting
step.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein a pause is provided between the
first and second steam injecting steps and between the second steam
injecting step and the hot air blowing step.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the supply of heat to the said
chamber by means of the second steam injecting step is terminated
when a pre-determined temperature is reached.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the supply of heat to the chamber
by means of the hot air blowing step is terminated when a
pre-determined temperature is reached.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the speed of said hot air being
blown into the chamber is continuously adjusted.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the speed and flow rate of said
hot air being blown into the chamber are adjustable during the hot
air blowing step.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns a method for the steaming and
smoothing of articles of clothing in a closed chamber having a
lockable processing chamber with means for admitting steam and hot
air.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Three principal prerequisites are needed for the steaming and
smoothing of articles of clothing: adequate moisture, sufficiently
high temperature for the specific type of fiber and cloth,
application of pressure and an effective exposure time to moisture,
temperature and pressure, depending on the technology of the
method. In known ironing machines or clothes presses, these three
prerequisites are used in various combinations. Recently,
incompletely closed chambers have been used for smoothing articles
of clothing, without the application of pressure, in which the
articles of clothing are subjected individually in sequence or
simultaneously in groups to a treatment with steam and drying air.
In a known variety of such devices, the treatment is effected by
passage through a tunnel, with the article of clothing being
treated with steam and then with drying air, either during the
passage or during intermittent pauses. In a second type of device,
a number of articles of clothing are placed in a chamber which is
lockable but not sealed with respect to the outside atmosphere, and
there subjected simultaneously to the various stages of
treatment.
In the known steam tunnels or finishers with discontinuous feed,
only the heat and moisture are used during the steaming process,
but not pressure. The known devices are sensitive to the relative
atmospheric humidity on a given work day. Moreover, in the
previously known devices the influential parameters of temperature
and moisture can be varied only to an unsatisfactory degree and
neither higher pressure nor lower pressure (with respect to the
outside atmosphere) can be developed or controlled in the steam
phase in order to achieve an optimum match between the course of
the treatment for various articles of clothing as a function of
type of fiber, and the nature of the treatment.
In the known devices, pressure is exerted on the surface of the
article of clothing in the drying phase only by the air flowing
past, so that the amount of drying air is constant per unit of time
because of the constant airflow rate, and the time spent in the
drying zone merely changes the amount of air for each article of
clothing.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to create a method with
which the articles of clothing of various kinds can be smoothed, in
which temperature, moisture and pressure can be varied individually
and plurally in any desired manner, and the smoothing effect is
considerably improved with respect to the heretofore known
methods.
The object is achieved according to the invention primarily in that
an excess pressure is created in the chamber that is to accept the
articles of clothing to be smoothed by means of one or more short,
abrupt injections of steam, and pressure being capable of being
reduced to a vacuum (adjustable at will) through condensation of
moisture with variation of the exposure time, and that
simultaneously or successively injected dry saturated steam or hot
steam alone or in combination with steam admitted abruptly into the
room heats the articles of clothing, after which the remaining
residual steam is released and hot air is blown in bursts over the
articles of clothing from top to bottom.
By means of the shock-steaming according to the invention, the
processing chamber is filled practically instantly with a preset
volume of steam. By means of the nearly adibatic expansion of this
volume of steam in the finitely bounded processing chamber, the
moisture contained in said steam condenses out nearly completely
and abruptly on the articles of clothing, since these are initially
the coldest of all parts of the processing chamber.
The vacuum which is formed immediately upon the first shock wave
can be reduced by subsequent further single or plural shock
steamings and/or admission of saturated or hot steam, so that in
the following steaming phase a rapid heating of the articles of
clothing upon evaporation of the moisture on the fibers is
achieved, with the resultant excess pressure in the processing
chamber being limited as to duration and magnitude.
The moisture that has condensed out on the cloth composing the
articles of clothing is sucked into the cloth by the briefly active
vacuum that is created.
Subsequent abrupt treatment with hot air on the one hand leads to a
discharge of the evaporated liquid, with a suction effect being
exerted on the articles of clothing by the hot air passing over
them from top to bottom; the remaining moisture is sucked out of
the cloth, and an additional smoothing effect is produced by the
pressure of the flow of the passing hot air.
According to a further feature of the invention, a brief pause can
be introduced between the single or plural phases of steam
admission and between the end of the steam admission and the
beginning of the hot-air drying, in order to produce a prolonged
time of action of the steam and moisture on the articles of
clothing, with the admission of steam and heat being controlled and
limited by adjustable temperature ranges.
The brief production of large amounts of steam is unsuitable for
small steam-generating facilities and, especially if other steam
consumers are connected, leads to a breakdown of steam generation
and/or the steam supply. To avoid this shortcoming and to achieve
the abrupt expansion of a specific amount of steam (and hence,
moisture), the steam used to produce the steam burst is
advantageously taken from a known steam source and collected in an
intermediate storage means.
During the processing times for the articles of clothing between
two successive fillings and/or between two "shock steamings,"
enough steam can collect in the intermediate storage device so that
no abrupt stress is imposed on the steam source during the steam
burst.
The connecting line from the steam storage device to the processing
chamber is opened or closed in known fashion intermittently by a
valve and is (according to a feature of the invention) many times
larger than the inlet cross section of the continuously open line
between the steam source and the steam storage device.
In this manner, when the valve to the processing chamber is opened,
the pressure in the steam storage device drops abruptly, so that
the amount of steam and the residual pressure can be controlled as
a function of time.
Heretofore, fabric treatments such as finishes, impregnating
agents, scents or the like have been applied in solvent baths in
chemical cleaning machines. Water-resistant impregnating agents
which adhere substantially to the cloth were prepared in an aqueous
solution, with the article of clothing being completely
saturated.
The invention enables the application of a substantively adhering
wet impregnating agent, a scent or deodorant to eliminate the odor
of perspiration or other means, in such a manner that the agents
are sprayed by a special spraying device into the closed saturation
chamber, with the steam acting as the carrier.
In an analogous manner, according to another feature of the
invention, water of condensation or percolated condensate can be
sprayed together with hot steam or dry saturated steam in order to
deposit a still larger amount of moisture on the cloth during the
"shock moistening" than the steam alone contains.
The additional moistening of the steam burst, according to another
feature of the invention, can also be accomplished by having a
conventional expansion nozzle spray wet steam with a high moisture
content.
The process is advantageously carried out in such a manner that the
quantity of air and hence the air velocity can be continuously
adjusted by changing the air inlet cross section and varied as
desired during the hot air drying, in order to attain an optimum
match to the special conditions required for the articles to be
processed.
In this connection, the hot air temperature can be regulated and
limited alone or interacting with conventional temperature limiting
devices.
According to the invention, depending on the conditions of the
articles of clothing to be processed in one or more temperature
ranges, which are governed by conventional thermostatic limiting
devices, the state and characteristics of the processing steam can
be varied. This is achieved by appropriate charging with a "shock
burst" of steam from a steam storage device, saturated or hot steam
from an annular nozzle device, and/or additional moistening of the
steam by spraying water of condensation or percolation condensate
and/or moistening by means of a wet steam nozzle, with each device
adjustable either alone or in combination with others.
The invention also pertains to a method for smoothing articles of
clothing in a closed chamber with a lockable processing chamber
with means for input of steam and hot air. The device for
practicing the method of the invention is primarily characterized
in that the processing chamber is made in the form of a pressure
chamber, that an excess pressure valve, a nozzle arrangement for
separate or combined feed of steam in different conditions, of
water of condensation or percolator condensate and a saturated or
heated steam intermediate storage device are provided for abrupt
shock damping.
According to an advantageous sample embodiment of the invention,
the air inlet pipe of a hot-air blower is connected to the roof
portion of the processing chamber. By an advantageous forming of
the guide walls of the air inlet pipe, a constantly different hot
air charge with downwardly directed direction of flow over the
cross section of the processing chamber is maintained.
For additional heating of the added hot air and to avoid
condensation of the steam fed into the chamber, the air pipe and
guide system are heated.
Advantageously, a supplementary heater is mounted on the floor of
the processing chamber to avoid condensation, wherein the
supplementary heater, according to a further feature of the
invention, is covered by a strainer disk mounted some distance
above it. This avoids having some article of clothing possibly fall
from the hanger and come in contact with the floor heater and
possibly be damaged. The nozzle chamber located horizontally in the
lower part of the processing chamber is advantageously heated in
the same way.
A heat register is mounted in known fashion in the air inlet path
of the blower. The heat register is constructed according to the
invention in such a manner that a large free cross section exists
between the heating plates and the heating pipes, in order to keep
the intake resistance to a minimum.
In the same advantageous fashion, the cold air intake openings are
made so that their cross section is at least 25 times greater than
the intake opening of the hot air blower. This results in the
intake noise being largely reduced at the same time as the air
resistance is lowered.
For bringing the articles of clothing to be processed in the
processing chamber, a fixed carrier track is provided according to
the invention in said chamber, as well as a connecting tank that
can be raised or lowered automatically, located outside the chamber
and above the doors of the processing chamber. This ensures that
the articles of clothing suspended on a movable carrier can be
shifted from said carrier to the processing chamber and removed
again from said chamber after processing, preferably by means of a
switching arrangement, with the track arrangement of the carrier
being selected so that the loading and unloading can be carried out
in a continuous sequence.
The carrier tracks according to another feature of the invention,
are also heated to prevent condensation of the steam on these
relatively cooler metal parts. The arrangement is advantageously
made so that the heat for the air intake and guide system, the
carrier rails, heat register, flow and nozzle chamber heat are
connected in series.
The nozzle arrangement for supplying various kinds of steam is
advantageously made so that an annular nozzle surrounding the shock
steam nozzle serves for the saturated steam.
A wet steam nozzle or alternately a nozzle to moisten the steam
with water of condensation or percolated condensate is mounted in
the mouth of the shock steam nozzle.
To control the steam and hot air, according to the invention an
exhaust air flap is provided in one wall of the processing chamber
and the blower has an adjustable intake flap. The arrangement is
such that the exhaust and inlet flaps open before the hot air
blower is turned on.
A shaft motor with automatic end-point shut-off or a hydraulically
or pneumatically operable cylinder and piston arrangement is
advantageously employed for moving the intake flap for the blower.
The intake flap is made cone-shaped and provided with a sealing
means against the intake air and the steam backpressure. The
automatically limiting drive of the shaft motor or cylinder piston
arrangement is continuously adjustable in all directions of
movement.
A hydraulically or pneumatically operable cylinder and piston
arrangement is provided to control the exhaust flap.
To add cloth finishing agents such as impregnating substances,
deodorants or the like, according to a further feature of the
invention, at least one more nozzle with a stream axis parallel to
the shock steam nozzle is provided.
The apparatus according to the invention is automatically
controlled, with steering means provided for the accomplishment of
the individual processes of the shock smoothing treatment. A known
variety of programmed-card control mechanism can be used for
control.
This provides an advantageous control of the course of the process
by programmed cards, which eliminates error and is set optimally
for the articles of clothing to be processed by changing the
program.
Closing the processing chamber door automatically actuates a door
lock through a pushbutton switch and the completely automatic
execution of the program is started (after locking is complete by
means of the drive provided therefor) by means of a start
switch.
Actuating the processing chamber door to move it from the open
position also advantageously activates switching means to cause the
carrier track to drop after opening (and to rise upon closing) of
the processing chamber door.
The movable carriers supporting the transport means, which slide on
the carrier rails, are provided with a spring loaded section for
hanging up the articles of clothing to be processed. This ensures
that depending on the type of articles of clothing only the maximum
number of articles admissible in each case will be added, and thus
the amount of space for free movement (especially necessary in
hot-air drying) is left to allow the clothes to flutter and the
setting of creases produced by forced folding due to insufficient
space for movement is avoided.
Advantageously, deep indentations are provided for two different
types of clothing. Advantageously, the ratio of the indentations of
different depths is approximately 1:2. In one sample embodiment
that has been made, five indentations are provided for overcoats or
trenchcoats, 10 for outer clothes, skirts, dresses, sweaters,
blouses and the like.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further features and advantages of the invention are discussed in
more detail with reference to the drawings, which represent a
sample embodiment in schematic form:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross section through a device according to
the invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial section of FIG. 1, with locking device.
FIG. 3 is a detail of the locking device according to FIG. 2 on a
reduced scale.
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a nozzle arrangement.
FIG. 5 is a partial cross section of the steam storage device,
and
FIG. 6 shows the air outlet flap with adjustment means.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a device according to the
invention for smoothing articles of clothing in a closed chamber.
The device consists of a housing 1 with a processing chamber 2,
covered by a hood 29 and having an exhaust chamber 12 at the bottom
and to one side. Outside the processing chamber 2, on the side of
said chamber 2 which is opposite exhaust chamber 12, a nozzle
chamber 21 provided with heating device 17" is mounted. Above the
nozzle chamber 21 is a heat register 5 as well as the air intake
opening control device, consisting of an intake opening flap 6,
conical in shape and with its convex surface against a stop ring 7
in the closed position. A seal 8 is provided in the vicinity of the
edge. An actuating motor 10 is used to move the intake air flap,
said motor being advantageously in the form of a self-stopping
shaft motor and moving the valve cone 6 (in the drawing) up or down
via a connecting rod 9.
Above the heat register, a hot air blower 3 is mounted, which
connects to an air outlet opening in hood 29, such that the hot air
that is fed in flows through the processing chamber 2 from top to
bottom. On one side wall of processing chamber 2, preferably above
the exhaust chamber 12, an excess pressure flap 11 is movably
provided in the wall of housing 1. Excess pressure flap 11 is
provided with a counterweight 37, said counterweight preferably
being made adjustable, in order to control the opening pressure.
Below the intake opening of the blower 3 is a known type of heat
register 5 which heats the intake air.
In exhaust chamber 12, as shown in detail in FIG. 6, an exhaust
flap 13 is mounted movably. A cylinder-piston arrangement 14 serves
to activate it.
In processing chamber 2 a carrier track arrangement 15 is provided,
on which the carrier hangers 36 slide. On these carrier hangers 36,
articles of clothing 38 are hung at intervals on clothes hangers
47.
A floor heater 17' is mounted on the floor of the processing
chamber 2. This floor heater 17' is covered by a perforated cover
sheet 18. This ensures that any article of clothing 38 that falls
from a carrier hanger 36 will not come in direct contact with floor
heater 17' and be damaged.
Nozzle chamber 21 is provided with a heater device 17" that is in
the heater circuit of floor heater 17'.
The air outlet opening 4 in hood 29 is surrounded by a hood heater
19. The carrier track 15 has a carrier track heater 20.
Advantageously, hood heater 19, carrier track heater 20, heat
register 5 and floor heater 17' are connected in series in the
order given above.
FIG. 2 shows a partial section of FIG. 1, with the air guide
arrangement left out of hood 29 and the nozzle arrangement omitted
from nozzle chamber 21. A door 22 is tiltably fastened on hinge
pins. Locking is accomplished by locking devices 23' and 23",
activated jointly by an activating cylinder 25 via connecting rod
26.
From the enlarged view in FIG. 3 it is evident that the
eccentrically formed notched discs 23' and 23" press against lugs
24' and 24" (see also FIG. 2) on door 22, thus pulling the door
against stops 27' and 27", located on housing 1 of the processing
chamber 2, closing and locking it. In the arrangement shown in the
drawing in FIG. 3, the position of the guiding edge of the notched
discs 23' and 23" is such that door 22 can be opened.
It is evident from FIG. 2 that when door 22 is closed a pushbutton
switch 28 is depressed. The cylinder device 25 is activated by
pushbutton switch 28 via a control switch which is not shown, and
the door is locked against stops 27' and 27" by notched discs 23'
and 23".
In the locked position, the control rod 26 activates the automatic
program by means of start switch 51.
Processing chamber door 22 is unlocked automatically by the
programmed control device.
FIG. 4 shows the nozzle arrangement mounted in nozzle chamber 21 on
an enlarged scale. This nozzle arrangement consists primarily of a
shock steam nozzle 30 with a conical sheathing and feed 31' with
shock valve 31".
The steam content of container 39 of the steam storage device is
supplied by connection 43 from the steam line and discharged via
valve 31" in bursts into shock nozzle 30 (FIG. 5).
A feed 41 is arranged in the center of the opening of the cone of
the shock steam nozzle 30; a wet steam expansion nozzle 53 can be
screwed onto the forward end 41' of said feed. Alternatively, a
spray nozzle 32 with feed 52, which is connected to a condenser 45
by a control valve which is not shown (FIG. 5), can be attached to
connection 41', in order to spray water of condensation or
percolated condensate to moisten the saturated or hot steam that
emerges through nozzle 30 and/or annular nozzle 33.
The annular nozzle 33 with line 40 leads to a control valve 40' and
is fed directly from the steam line.
In addition, two more nozzles 34 and 35 are included, through which
impregnating agents, deodorants and the like can be added. The
arrangement of nozzles 34 and 35 is such that their stream axes are
parallel to the steam jet axes of nozzles 30 and 32 or 52.
It is evident from FIG. 1 that the stream near the floor is blown
diagonally through the processing chamber 2. This avoids a direct
disturbance of the injected steam by the articles of clothing 38.
The steam jets strike the opposite wall in the exhaust chamber 12.
This method of injecting the jet ensures that the processing
chamber 2 is filled by a cloud of steam in the vicinity of the
articles of clothing; said cloud passes through the clothing from
bottom to top.
FIG. 5 shows the steam storage device according to the invention.
In the sample embodiment shown, three storage compartments 39', 39"
and 39'" are provided. These three containers are supplied by a
main steam supply line 43, connected to a steam source (not shown),
via T-connections 42', 42", 42'". The main steam supply line 43
then becomes the shock steam line 31, which runs to the shock steam
nozzle 30.
In the lower part of the storage compartments 39', 39" and 39'"
connections run to line 44. A line runs via connection 48 to a
steam valve (not shown) and thence to connection 41 for the wet
steam nozzle 53 that may be added to connection 41' if desired.
From line 44 a connection branches off to the condensate collecting
container 45, to whose lower end a line 52 runs via a valve (not
shown) to a nozzle 32 which may be added to spray condensate. Stub
49 on line 44 runs to the heater connections for the air inlet
system, carrier track heater, heat register, floor and nozzle
chamber heaters, and terminates at junction 46", which runs via a
condensate drain to the condensate line of the steam source. By
means of connector 46' on line 44 the resultant condensate is
drained from compartments 39 and the standpipe of connection 49 via
a condensate drain.
The line 43 from the steam source to connections 42 of the steam
storage container 39 is made several times smaller (roughly 1:6)
than the filling connection 42 and the inlet cross section of line
31 to shock steam nozzle 30. This dimensioning means that in the
shock steaming the container 39 is emptied nearly instantaneously
with a simultaneous pressure drop, because steam from the steam
source cannot flow in from the line 43 at the same rate. The
annular jet 33, which can be cut in in any steaming phase, is fed
directly via line 40 and a steam valve (not shown) from the steam
source.
This ensures a uniform loading of the steam source, while on the
other hand the necessary amount of steam with appropriate moisture
content, temperature and pre-settable heat content is available for
the brief period of shock steaming -- between 1 and 4 seconds.
According to a feature of the invention, this is important so as
not to heat sensitive chemical fibers, e.g., polyacrylonitrile
fibers, to the melting point.
For automatic control of the processing procedure and/or use of the
method according to the invention, a switching arrangement (not
shown in greater detail) is housed in a control panel. A main
switch is provided with which the entire system can be activated.
By means of the programmed switching system, insertable program
cards are used in known fashion to give the pre-programmed control
commands to the control, activation and indicating devices after
the machinery is started.
The side walls of the processing chamber 2 as well as door 22 are
reinforced by braces and protected against heat loss by a filling
of insulation.
The method according to the invention takes place in the following
steps, with the just described processes occurring in the apparatus
according to the invention:
The correct number of articles of clothing 38 is placed on carrier
hanger 36. The carrier hangers 36 are so made that they have
depressions or notches in which clothes hangers 47 for clothing 38
can fit.
Five deep indentations are provided for smoothing coats, lounge
jackets, jackets or trenchcoats. The spaces between the
indentations are set so that the clothes hung in them do not come
in contact with each other. If for example dresses are being given
the smoothing treatment, 10 dresses can be hung in a row on a
carrier hanger 36, with 10 less deep indentations being provided
for them, spaced equidistantly over the length of the carrier
hanger 36. However, the arrangement can also be such that in
addition to the five deep notches for coats, five more shallow
notches are provided to accept dresses.
Outside device 1, in suitable fashion, a carrier track loop is
provided, fitted with a switch, and a connection that can be varied
and lowered to link up with the carrier track 15 inside the
processing chamber 2.
On door 22 there is an activating device (not shown) for a control
valve, by which the connection of the carrier track is displaced
upward from the vicinity of door 22. Door 22 is then closed by the
operator, a tripping pin (not shown) attached to door 22 activates
pushbutton switch 28, so that door 22 is held shut with the aid of
activating cylinder 25 and locking devices 23, 23'. The processing
chamber is sealed hermetically by a sealing means on door 22. In
the final portion of looking devices 23', 23" the latter activate a
control switch 51 that starts the control mechanism for the
smoothing operation.
The various control commands for the blower, intake flap
temperature range, exhaust flap valves and the like are
pre-programmed on a small program card. Advantageously, three
temperature ranges are provided for the steam treatment and/or hot
air treatment as a function of the articles of clothing to be
smoothed.
Activating the main switch closes the intake flap 6 by means of
motor 10. The exhaust flap 13 is likewise activated by activating
device 14. After the program card is inserted in the program
switching mechanism, a lamp indicates readiness for operation. The
treatment process begins when the door is closed and completely
locked.
Then the valve 31" for the shock steam is opened so that the shock
steam flows through nozzle 30 into the processing chamber 2,
diagonally across the lower area. Depending on the program selected
according to the type of goods to be processed, simultaneously or
in another phase of steaming, steam can be added via annular nozzle
33 (or wet steam via nozzle 52 or some other substance mentioned in
the description). Within the preset temperature range a
thermostatic limiter cuts off any further input of heat in any form
of steam.
The brief abrupt release of steam from the steam storage device
fills the processing chamber 2 abruptly with steam, and the
predetermined amount of steam in the chamber expands nearly
adiabatically.
The injected air is thus heated suddenly and exhausted from
processing chamber 2 via excess pressure flap 11. The briefly held
pressure following expansion of the steam volume is dropped to the
level of the opening pressure to which the excess pressure flap 11
is set, e.g., 0.15 atm. over the ambient pressure. The expanding
steam, with ca. 90 percent moisture content and a final temperature
of 50.degree. to 60.degree., then condenses preferably on the
clothing as the coldest articles inside the processing chamber 2.
This immediately creates a highly efficient vacuum that draws the
moisture into the cloth. After a brief pause, one or more steamings
occur with shock steam from nozzle 30 and/or hot or saturated steam
from annular nozzle 33 with constant heating of the clothing and at
the pressure set with the excess pressure flap.
After a variable set pause between the individual steaming phases
and the following drying process, the exhaust flap 13 opens. At the
same time the intake flap 6 is opened by motor 10, depending on the
air velocity required at air outlet opening 4.
After the two flaps open, the high-powered blower 3 cuts in. The
drawn-in air is heated in heat register 5 and in the hood 29 of the
air feed by heater 19 and guided from top to bottom over the
clothes. The air is exhausted from chamber 12 via the open exhaust
opening 13 to the outside. The pressure generated by the blower and
the air passing over them produces an additional smoothing effect
with the aid of the sudden exhausting of the hot air.
If desired, depending on the nature of the treatment for the
clothing to be processed, the air volume can be changed during the
drying process by changing the position of the intake flap 6 by
means of motor 10.
After the hot air is blown through, the exhaust flap 13 closes and
the intake flap 6 reopens together with locks 23' and 23" and door
22 can be opened by the operator, again by hand. After the door has
opened to a certain angle, the carrier track activating switch is
triggered, so that the depressable part of the carrier-track system
is again lowered in front of the door opening. The steamed and
smoothed clothing can then be shifted by means of the carrier
hangers 36 onto the carrier track system in front of the machine
and moved away over a switching device.
The storage containers 39' to 39'", which are largely emptied in
the shock steaming, are refilled from the steam source during the
next processing period, so that in the next cycle of the process
there will again be enough steam for the shock steaming, of the
appropriate temperature and at the correct pressure.
The invention is not limited to the sample embodiment shown and
described. It also covers all expert improvements as well as all
partial and subcombinations of the described and/or shown features,
as well as modifications of the method and combination of the
several means.
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