U.S. patent number 3,849,802 [Application Number 05/372,349] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-26 for temperature protection suit.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Scientific Enterprises, Inc.. Invention is credited to Gustaaf Frederik Govaars.
United States Patent |
3,849,802 |
Govaars |
November 26, 1974 |
TEMPERATURE PROTECTION SUIT
Abstract
An extremely lightweight and highly flexible temperature
protection suit shown as having a body portion, a hood, arm
portions and leg portions is comprised of an inner layer of fabric
in the form of a mat composed of non-directional fibers, preferably
an artificial spun bonded olefin, covered on both sides by a thin,
heat-reflective metallic layer. One metallic layer is shiny and the
other dull and the suit is reversible in that it may be turned
inside out to protect against heat or cold. Enlarged arm portions
at the inner ends thereof facilitate the withdrawal of the wearers
arms into the suit.
Inventors: |
Govaars; Gustaaf Frederik
(Hilversum, NL) |
Assignee: |
Scientific Enterprises, Inc.
(Bloomfield, CO)
|
Family
ID: |
19817660 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/372,349 |
Filed: |
June 21, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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|
|
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Dec 29, 1972 [NL] |
|
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7317873 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
2/81; 428/100;
2/84; 428/919 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A41D
13/1263 (20130101); A41D 13/02 (20130101); Y10S
428/919 (20130101); Y10T 428/24017 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
A41D
13/02 (20060101); A41D 13/12 (20060101);
A41d () |
Field of
Search: |
;2/81,84,80,69.5,2,79,DIG.6 ;161/150 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Other References
DuPont Technical Information Bulletin S-8, Tyvek, December 1970, E.
I. DuPont De Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del. .
Velcro Publication, Velcro Corporation, 681 Fifth Ave., New York,
N.Y., 1962..
|
Primary Examiner: Scanlan, Jr.; Richard J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Lewis, Jr.; Ancel W.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a reversible temperature protection garment for the
preservation and protection against heat and cold, the combination
comprising:
an upper body portion to cover at least the upper torso of the
wearer, said upper body portion having arm portions to cover the
arms of the wearer, a hood portion extending up from the body
portion to cover the head of the wearer, said hood portion having a
front part covering a substantial portion of the face of the wearer
and an elastic eye opening in the front part of the hood
portion;
said upper body, arm and hood portions being made of the same
material, said material being comprised of a layer of a very
lightweight TYVEK fabric having at least one side coated with a
very thin layer of shiny, heat reflective metal and the material is
dull on the side opposite the shiny layer to form a very thin,
extremely lightweight, strong, soft, drapable composite whereby the
shiny layer reflects heat back to the body of the wearer when worn
inside for protection against cold and reflects heat away from the
body of the wearer when worn outside for protection against heat,
said upper body and hood portions being split down the front from
the eye opening to the bottom of the upper body portion; and
co-operating reversible releasable sealing fastening means
extending along opposite marginal edges adjacent the split of the
upper body and hood portions to seal the split closed all the way
from the bottom of the body portion up to the eye opening.
2. In a reversible temperature protection garment as set forth in
claim 1 wherein said garment has a lower body portion for covering
the lower torso of the wearer and leg portions projecting from the
lower body portion for protecting the legs of the wearer, said
split and fastening means extends down the front part of said lower
body portion, said lower body portion and leg portions being of the
same composite material as said upper body portion, arm portions
and hood portion.
3. In a reversible temperature protection garment as set forth in
claim 1 wherein said material has the side of the mat opposite the
shiny layer coated with a dull, very thin layer of heat reflective
metal.
4. In a reversible temperature protection garment as set forth in
claim 1 wherein said composite is slightly porous.
5. In a reversible temperature protection garment as set forth in
claim 2 wherein the ends of said arm and leg portions are
closed.
6. In a reversible temperature protection garment as set forth in
claim 1 wherein the arm portions are enlarged at the inner ends
thereof relative to the outer ends to facilitate the withdrawal of
the arms of the wearer into the body portion.
7. In a reversible temperature protection garment as set forth in
claim 1 wherein said fastening means is a Velcro-type closure.
8. In a reversible temperature protection garment as set forth in
claim 1 wherein said garment is water resistant, resistant to
organic and nonorganic chemicals and shrinkagefree.
9. In a reversible temperature protection garment as set forth in
claim 2 wherein the total weight of said garment is about 260
grammes.
10. In a reversible temperature protection garment as set forth in
claim 3 wherein the thickness of said outer layers of metal are
about 0.5 micron.
11. In a reversible temperature protection garment as set forth in
claim 1 wherein said metal is aluminum.
12. In a reversible temperature protection garment as set forth in
claim 1 wherein said metal is gold.
13. In a reversible temperature protection garment as set forth in
claim 1 wherein the coated material has a temperature range of
about -70.degree.C to about +130.degree.C.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to temperature protection garments or suits
suitable for heat preservation as well as protection against
heat.
Previously known garments or suits for the protection against heat
are made generally from thick material, textile or canvas, lined
with fur, or plastic and generally consist of five parts (shirt,
pants, hood, overshoes, gloves). These suits have the disadvantage
of being heavy, and do not give protection for the face, feet and
hands, which protrude through the suit. Moreover, it usually takes
a considerable amount of time to put on such a suit, and in them
the wearer loses his agility and the time element is too long for
emergency situations. These prior known garments or suits are
therefore not suited to be used for rescue suits in aeroplanes
which fly across the poles and deserts. At the same time, with the
present number of passengers in aeroplanes and the same number of
prior known suits, take up too much space and result in too much
weight in an aeroplane.
In emergency landings of aeroplanes, which fly across very cold
climates, the passengers are exposed to very low temperatures. In a
very short time, the passengers would freeze to death without
special protection. At -20.degree.C, the passenger would freeze to
death in about 10 minutes and at -40.degree.C freezing will occur
in about one minute so that at these temperatures a very special
protection is necessary.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention provides a temperature protection suit which is
particularly suitable for use in emergency situations where persons
are suddenly exposed to great temperature differences. This suit
has a relatively light weight, does not impair a persons movements
and can be quickly put on with the clothes the person is wearing at
that time of the emergency, with or without coat, shoes, etc. The
suit can be used as a kind of coverall, which fits almost any
passenger regardless of size, although for ages from 5 to 10 years
for example, a smaller model may be necessary.
A temperature protection suit according to the present invention in
the preferred form shown and described has the feature of using an
artificial fiber material, which is aluminized or gold-coated on
both sides. A preferred form of applying these outer
metallic-reflective layers is by vacuum metallizing.
One form of this temperature protection suit according to the
present invention has the feature of being constructed with a shiny
side and with a dull side, and according to the desired protection
against heat or cold, the shiny side can be worn either inside or
outside the suit.
Another feature of the temperature protection suit according to the
present invention is that the sleeves and trouser legs may be
sealed at the ends. It is also possible to wear extra double gloves
at the ends of the arms and legs, for added temperature protection.
The armholes in the suit are constructed in a manner, which make it
possible to withdraw the arms into the suit.
Yet another feature of the temperature protection suit according to
the present invention includes a Velcro-type closure or zipper
attached to and extends up into the hood. In another feature of
temperature protection suit according to the present invention, the
wearer can keep his shoes on, as the legs from the suit are
manufactured with large sizes relative to the size of the wearers
legs. For example in a typical size the legs are from about 40 cm.
to about 45 cm. and end in a sole having a dimension of 18 cm. by
35 cm.
The material from which the suit may be fabricated is of a very
light fiber, thermically bonded, with a weight of about 40
g/m.sup.2. One material found highly effective is sold by Du Pont
under the trademark TYVEK which is made from 100 percent high
density polyethylene fibers by an integrated spinning and bonding
process. The sheet is formed by spinning very fine polyethylene
fibers and bonding them together with heat and pressure. No
binders, sizes or fillers are used. The aesthetics range from stiff
and paper-like to porous, soft and drapeable. The mat or sheet
formed consists of a network of minute, polyethylene fibers, each
approximately 1/5000 inches in diameter and arranged in a
non-directional or random manner.
The total surface of the temperature protection suit is about 6.5
m.sup.2 and has a total weight of approximately 260 grammes. In an
aeroplane with 250 passengers, the total weight of the suits would
be about 62.5 kg, instead of approximately 750 kg. to 1000 kg. with
the presently available suits. Moreover, the prior known suits take
up space which would equal the space of about five passenger seats
and such storage requirement makes it necessary that the suits be
stored out of immediate reach of the passengers. The material from
which the suit is made is almost nonporous, is not transparent, is
smooth and compact, water resistant, shrinkage-free, is resistant
to most organic or nonorganic chemicals, does not age, anad has a
temperature range from -70.degree.C to +130.degree.C.
The temperature protection suit material has a very thin, flexible
coating of either aluminum or gold with a thickness of
approximately 0.5 micron, which is applied on both sides of the
inner layer of the fabric material preferably by use of a vacuum
metallizing process.
The most glittering or shiniest side is on the inside for
reflecting of the radiating body heat by which the heat is retained
inside the suit, and by which heat is built up without being lost
through the inner layer fabric material.
If only a heat resisting suit is desired, (for aeroplanes flying
across deserts and tropics) then an aluminum-coated suit can be
manufactured of the same inner layer fabric material, but with a
breathing capability, and therefore it is not completely airtight
or is slightly porous.
The aluminum layer on the outside makes radar tracking of lost
passengers easier and is also useful in locating lost hunters, etc.
In the dark also it will be easy to find lost people by virtue of
the light-reflecting capabilities of the metal-coated material. The
suit material is very thin and strong enough to hold substantial
loads.
The diameter of the armhole is approximately 35 cm. at the inner
end, in order to make the withdrawing of the arm into the suit
easy. With this arrangement, the possibility exists that something
can be held by the hands inside the suit, like a baby by the mother
or instruments and valves, but also the wearer is able to put the
hands inside to keep them warm by placing them under the armpits,
etc.
The closed outer ends of arms and legs can be fitted with extra
gloves or bags, in order to give added heat protection by the
double material and an air layer in between, to the fingers and
feet, which are extra cold sensitive. The outer ends also can be
welded ultrasonically or by high frequency instead of being
sewn.
The temperature protection suit is so thin and flexible, that if
necessary two suits can be worn over each other, if a long stay in
the cold becomes unavoidable, or if help does not come quickly,
because the air in between the suits gives added protection against
cold. This possibility becomes a reality in an aeroplane, having a
less than capacity of passengers, or if extra suits are carried.
For wounded passengers, this may become very important,
particularly if they have to remain on the ice for long
periods.
In cold periods, these temperature protection suits are very
practical for active work. Here is thought of work in large
freeze-warehouses, aboard ships itself, defense such as standing on
guard duty, marine work in winter and northern territories, or on
the bridge in the cold air, oil-exploration in polar areas (Siberia
and Alaska), research in Polar Areas but also for flora and fauna
in winter. If the professional uniform should remain seen,
(military, airforce, marine e.o.) a fitted suit can be worn under
the uniform for either retaining heat or reflecting heat. If the
outside is white by coating it with a lacquer, the suit becomes an
excellent camouflage suit for winter duty or it may be provided
with other colours, for military camouflage.
Since it is simple to withdraw the patient's arms inside the suit,
the empty arm sleeves can be used to tie a patient to the carrier
or sled, or tied up in a panic-type situations and also for
helicopter transport. For special aplications, the suit can be made
with open arms and legs, instead of being sealed at the ends. The
open ends will have elastic bands to grip around wrists and ankles,
in which case, gloves can be worn. The leg-ends can be worn inside
the shoes or boots, as the material is thin enough for this.
A suit with average dimensions can be worn over or under the own
clothes, like a cold-isolating coverall, for skiing, hunters,
fishermen or other winter activities.
The temperature protection suits can be worn inside out, without
losing its characteristics, or usefulness, or other functions. This
becomes important, if the temperature protection suit is worn for
long periods, by which possible condensation could occur inside the
suit. Since the temperature protection suit can be delivered in a
vacuum sealed bag, shelf life becomes practically unlimited.
The temperature protection suit has the extra advantage, that
folded dimensions are very small, (for example 18 cm. .times. 15
cm. .times. 3 cm.), while regardless of this, an excellent cold
isolation is obtained. These small dimensions make it simple to
have the suit within reach of all passengers in an aeroplane.
The invention will be illustrated with drawings in which an example
of an embodiment of the temperature protection suit is
explained.
FIG. 1 is a front elevation view of the temperature protection suit
according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of a temperature protection suit
according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along lines 3--3 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along lines 4--4 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken through the fabric
material of the temperature protection suit shown in FIGS. 1
through 4.
In FIG. 1, a temperature protection suit shown generally is
designated by numeral 1 comprising of a body part 2, trouser legs
3, arms 4, and hood 5. The trouser legs, arms, and hood are sewn to
the body part. At the front, the body part is split and there is a
Velcro-type closure 6, which can be closed or opened in a
panic-type situation without the difficulty sometimes encountered
with buttons or zippers. The Velcro-type closure 6, as shown in
FIG. 3 includes a strip of fabric 18 fastened to one part of the
fabric material and a strip of loops 17 fastened to the other part
of the material at the front slit. The front slit and closure 6
extends up the hood 5 to cover the chin of the wearer. The suit 1
is made of the same material comprised of an inner light-weight,
strong fabric 11 coated on both sides by a very thin layer of
heat-reflective metal such as aluminum, gold or the like
represented at 12 and 13 as shown in FIG. 5. One material found
highly effective is sold by Du Pont under the trademark TYVEK which
is made from 100 percent high density polyethylene fibers by and
integrated spinning and bonding process. The sheet is formed by
spinning very fine polyethylene fibers and bonding them together
with heat and range from stiff and paper-like to porous, soft and
drapeable. The mat or sheet formed consists of a network of minute,
polyethylene fibers, each approximately 1/5000 inches in diameter
and arranged in a non-directional or random manner.
While a layer or coating of metal is illustrated on both sides of
the fabric material it is understood that for certain applications
it need be covered on only one side. For example a garment with
aluminum on the inside only may be used to reduce infra-red
signature, or in low temperatures to return body heat. A garment
with a metallic layer on the outside only with the inner fabric
perforated may be used for heat protection or as a radar
reflector.
Only a very small opening 7 remains for eyes and nose which may be
closed if desired by elastic. This elastic shown in FIG. 4
comprises of a rubber band represented at 15 and sewn to the coated
fabric material with stitches 16. This eye opening 7 may possibly
be closed by goggles, snow glasses or the like.
The extremities of arms 4 and legs 3 are completely closed or
sealed and totally protect the arms and legs from the outside cold.
In the form shown the ends are sewn closed. The inner ends of the
arms are enlarged to facilitate the withdrawal of the wearers arms
thereinto.
In FIG. 2, the form or profile of the suit can clearly be seen
including the concave contour of the opening 7 of the face.
Total length of a preferred form of the suit is approximately 250
cm., the trouser leg length 90 cm., the armhole 35 cm., the arm
ends 25 cm., at an arms length of 70 cm. The foot end length is
approximately 35 cm. at a width of 18 cm.
It is understood that the above described suit can be changed due
to special circumstances, or depending on special wishes, such as
double arm ends and double layers for additional cold protection.
The suit can also be furnished without hood, if special headgear is
essential, like army hats, safety helmets, etc. and with the legs
and arms open.
Although the present invention has been described with a certain
degree of particularity, it is understood that the present
disclosure has been made by way of example and that changes in
details of structure may be made without departing from the spirit
thereof.
* * * * *