U.S. patent number 3,848,778 [Application Number 05/280,432] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-19 for childproof actuator assembly.
Invention is credited to Philip Meshberg.
United States Patent |
3,848,778 |
Meshberg |
November 19, 1974 |
CHILDPROOF ACTUATOR ASSEMBLY
Abstract
An actuator button is mounted in a housing to form an actuator
assembly which is secured to a valved aerosol or other container.
The actuator button is rotatable between non-dispensing and
dispensing positions. With the actuator button in the
non-dispensing position, cooperable portions of the actuator
assembly form a locking means to positively prevent rotational
movement of the actuator button and, simultaneously, blocking means
prevent operation of the dispensing valve. While the locking means
is disabled by disengaging the cooperable portions, the actuator
button is simultaneously rotated free of the blocking means into
the dispensing position for dispensing product from the container
by operation of the valve as by depressing or tilting the actuator
button. Limiting means restricts relative movement of the
cooperable portions of the locking means to prevent permanent
deformation thereof. A breakaway tab prevents disabling the locking
means until the tab is removed. The actuator assembly is shaped to
conceal the locking means to further prevent accidental operation
of the valve by children. An alternative embodiment is adapted for
use on large diameter containers.
Inventors: |
Meshberg; Philip (Fairfield,
CT) |
Family
ID: |
23073062 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/280,432 |
Filed: |
August 14, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
222/402.11 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
83/222 (20130101); B65D 83/7538 (20130101); B65D
83/205 (20130101); B65D 2215/04 (20130101); B65D
2215/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
83/16 (20060101); B65D 83/14 (20060101); B65d
083/14 () |
Field of
Search: |
;215/9
;222/182,341,402.11,549,402.12,402.13,402.22,153,533-536 ;221/152
;24/255SL |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Tollberg; Stanley H.
Assistant Examiner: Stack, Jr.; Norman L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Kenyon & Kenyon Reilly Carr
& Chapin
Claims
I claim:
1. In combination with
a container,
a dispensing valve assembly secured to the container, and
a actuator assembly including
a housing member mounted on the container,
an actuator member mounted in the housing in operable connection
with the valve,
the actuator being rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the
container between a non-dispensing position and a dispensing
position,
blocking means for preventing operation of the valve when the
actuator is in the non-dispensing position, and
means for deterring rotational movement of the actuator when the
actuator is in the non-dispensing position,
wherein the improvement comprises:
A. the deterring means being a locking means for preventing
rotational movement of the actuator when the actuator is in the
non-dispensing position, the locking means having cooperable
portions one of which is a resilient flap portion of the housing
member radially movable between engaging and disengaging positions
with respect to the other,
whereby when the locking means is disabled by moving the one
portion to the disengaging position, the actuator can be rotated
free of the blocking means to the dispensing position for
dispensing product by operating the actuator valve, and when
rotated to the non-dispensing position the resilience of said flap
will cause said locking means to engage.
2. An actuator assembly for use in dispensing product from a valved
container comprising:
A. an actuator button having
1. a nozzle,
2. a control member,
3. a passageway for connecting the nozzle and the valve of the
container, and
B. a housing having
1. a central longitudinal bore,
2. a first slot,
3. a second slot,
4. a blocking portion and
5. a flap having a free end and an attached end
a. the flap extending partially across the first slot, and
b. the free end being flexible radially with respect to the
longitudinal axis of the housing, and
C. tongue and groove locking means located on cooperable portions
of the flap and the actuator button,
D. the actuator button being mounted within the bore of the housing
and being rotatable between
1. a first position defined by the tongue being in the groove and
the actuator button overriding the blocking portion of the housing
for preventing accidental movement of the actuator button and
2. a second position being defined by the nozzle being aligned with
the unobstructed portion of the first slot and the control member
being aligned with the second slot for dispensing product from the
container
whereby to move the actuator from the first to the second position
the locking means must first be disabled.
3. The actuator assembly of claim 2 wherein the actuator button is
rotatable from the first position to the second position only upon
the simultaneous release of the locking means by moving the flap
radially outwardly with one hand while a rotational force is
applied to the control member with the other hand.
4. The actuator assembly of claim 2 wherein the tongue is a flap
portion and the groove is an actuator button portion.
5. The actuator assembly of claim 4 wherein the attached end of the
flap is located to the side of the nozzle toward the first
position, the groove of the actuator button is located to the side
of the nozzle away from the first position and the cooperating
tongue is located adjacent the free end of the flap.
6. The actuator assembly of claim 4 wherein the tongue is spaced a
short distance from the free end of the flap to provide a ledge
against which the operator may place his fingernail for moving the
flap radially outwardly to disengage the tongue from the
groove.
7. The actuator assembly of claim 4 wherein the tongue is shaped
with the side wall away from the first position being slanted
toward the first position and a cooperable corner of the actuator
button located toward the first position being rounded whereby the
flexible flap, the slanted side wall and rounded corner cooperate
to provide minimum resistance to the movement of the actuator
button from the second to the first position which can be
accomplished by the operator applying a rotational force to the
control member with one hand.
8. The actuator assembly of claim 2 wherein the control member
extends radially beyond the housing and is serrated to provide an
easily accessible, non-slip surface for application of rotational
forces.
9. The actuator assembly of claim 2 wherein the walls of the
actuator assembly are inclined and conceal the locking means.
10. The actuator assembly of claim 2 wherein the housing further
comprises a breakaway tab connected by thin breakaway ribs to the
free end of the flap on one side and to the wall of the housing on
the other side preventing disabling the locking means until the
breakaway tab is removed.
11. In combination with
a container,
a dispensing valve assembly secured to the container, and
an actuator assembly including
a housing mounted on the container,
an actuator mounted in the housing in operable connection with the
valve,
the actuator being rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the
container between a non-dispensing position and a dispensing
position, blocking means for preventing operation of the valve when
the actuator is in the non-dispensing position, and
a means for deterring rotational movement of the actuator when the
actuator is in the non-dispensing position,
wherein the improvement comprises:
A. the deterring means being a locking mechanism for preventing
rotational movement of the actuator when the actuator is in the
non-dispensing position, the locking mechanism having a flexible
flap portion which is part of the housing movable between engaging
and disengaging positions with respect to the actuator, said
flexible flap being resilient so as to snap into an engaging
position when said actuator is in a non-dispensing position
whereby when the locking mechanism is disabled by moving the flap
to its disengaging position, the actuator can be rotated free of
the blocking means to the dispensing position for dispensing
product by operating the actuator and valve.
12. The combination of claim 11 wherein the locking mechanism
further comprises cooperable wedge and groove portions of the
actuator assembly, one of the cooperable portions being carried by
a housing portion and the other being carried by an actuator
portion and wherein one of the carrying portions is the flexible
flap so that the locking mechanism is disabled by flexing the flap
to disengage the cooperable portions.
13. An actuator assembly adapted to dispense product from a valved
container comprising
A. a housing mounted on the container,
B. an actuator mounted in the housing in operable connection with
the valve, the actuator being rotatable about the longitudinal axis
of the container between a non-dispensing position and a dispensing
position,
C. blocking means for preventing operation of the valve when the
actuator is in the non-dispensing position,
D. tongue and groove locking means comprising cooperable portions
of the housing and actuator which together prevent rotational
movement of the actuator when the actuator is in the non-dispensing
position
1. the tongue portion being a radially flexible flap housing
portion movable between engaging and disengaging positions with the
groove and actuator portion, said flap being resilient so that when
the cooperable portions are aligned, the flap snaps the portions
together in a self-locking action,
whereby when the tongue portion is moved radially apart from the
groove portion, the locking means is disabled and the actuator can
be rotated free of the blocking means to the dispensing position
for dispensing product from the container by operating the valve,
and wherein the actuator is capable of being moved to a position to
dispense product only by the simultaneous action of disabling the
locking means by moving the cooperable portions apart radially
while freeing the actuator from the blocking means by rotating the
actuator.
14. The actuator assembly of claim 13 wherein the cooperable
portions are a wedge and detent.
15. The actuator assembly of claim 13 wherein the flexible flap is
a housing portion which is offset radially inwardly from the
adjacent underlying portion of the housing and thereby overlies an
open area of the housing.
16. The actuator assembly of claim 13 further comprising means for
concealing the cooperable portions in the engaged position.
17. The actuator assembly of claim 13 further comprising limiting
means for preventing radial movement of the one portion beyond the
point where the flexible flap is permanently deformed.
18. The actuator assembly of claim 17 wherein the limiting means is
an extended portion of the flap for engaging a portion of the
housing.
19. The actuator assembly of claim 13 further comprising the
housing having a slot, and a breakaway tab in the slot and
connected to the adjacent portions thereof by thin ribs to prevent
relative movement between the cooperable portions until the tab is
removed.
20. The actuator assembly of claim 19 further comprising a
removable cover frictionally secured to the housing for keeping the
assembly free of outside contamination during periods of non-use.
Description
This invention is an improvement to the sleeve-type, slotted
housing and actuator button disclosed in my earlier U.S. Pat. No.
3,484,023 issued Dec. 16, 1969.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to the use of a sleeve-type, slotted housing
and actuator button which together comprise an actuator assembly
for mounting on and use with a valved dispenser and to the method
of operating the same. More particularly the invention relates to a
two-piece actuator assembly for use in combination with a valved
aerosol container and its method of operation which permits
selecting either a locked non-dispensing position or an unlocked
dispensing position in such a manner that the actuator button is
unlikely to be operated accidentally or by children.
2. Prior Art
Various means are known for preventing accidental operation of an
aerosol or pump-type dispenser valve.
In my invention disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,914,222 I disclosed
(see FIG. 14) an aerosol package with a rotatable housing having a
horizontal keyhole slot in one wall engaged by a fixed pin blocking
the housing in the up position and preventing dispensing until the
housing was turned to align an adjacent vertical slot with the pin
whereupon the housing could be depressed to dispense product. I
disclosed another, but similar, means in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,180,536
where the aerosol actuator is blocked in the up position by an
actuator pin riding on a horizontal shoulder of the housing
preventing dispensing (see FIG. 7) until the pin was rotated into
alignment with an adjacent vertical recess in the housing whereupon
the actuator could be depressed to dispense product. Additionally,
Sagarin U.S. Pat. No. 3,050,219 and my U.S. Pat. No. 3,484,023
disclose additional variants which use the same principle, namely,
an aerosol package whose actuator is blocked in the up position by
a shoulder on a housing preventing dispensing until the blocked
portion of the actuator is rotated free of the blocking shoulder.
Thus, in all of the above disclosures, the blocking means is
defeated by simply rotating the actuator, a task which is easily
accomplished by children.
Lipman U.S. Pat. No. 3,185,355 discloses a pump-type actuator
assembly for non-aerosol dispensers which uses a bayonet lug and
slot arrangement employing the same principle as the aforesaid
aerosol actuators except that the actuator is blocked in the down
position rather than the up position.
Another means for preventing accidental operation of an aerosol is
disclosed in Goldberg U.S. Pat. No. 3,249,260 which employs the
standard aerosol actuator blocked in the up position by a shoulder
on the housing preventing dispensing. However Goldberg adds a bead
and groove means which forms a detent "`lock`" against accidental
movement out of the locked position. Goldberg's tongue-in-cheek use
of the term `lock` was purposeful because, as Goldberg himself
discloses, his bead and groove only deters rotational movement of
the actuator but does not prevent it. Again, nothing more than
simple rotation of Goldberg's actuator defeats the bead and groove
`lock` means and unblocks the actuator, a task easily accomplished
by children. An aerosol actuator assembly similar to Goldberg's is
also disclosed in Jordan et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,608,791 showing the
standard blocking means in combination with detent means to `lock`
the actuator in the non-dispensing position but, as also in
Goldberg above, which detent means is a mere frictional deterrence
against rotation which is defeated by application of a slight
rotational force.
Thus, none of the above prior art discloses a childproof actuator
assembly.
Applicant overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art by providing,
not only a shoulder blocking the actuator in the up position
against axial or tilting movement, but also, a true locking
mechanism which physically prevents (as distinguished from deters)
rotational movement of the actuator until the locking mechanism is
first disengaged by action other than simple rotation. The locking
mechanism is also concealed so that children cannot easily detect
it. Thus applicant provides an actuator assembly which is truly
childproof and which can be used safely with containers holding
dangerous or toxic fluids.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a two-piece actuator assembly for valved
containers, such as aerosol or pump-type dispensers, and the method
of operating the same. A housing is secured to the container, and
an actuator is mounted in the housing in operable connection with
the valve and rotatable between non-dispensing and dispensing
positions. When the actuator is in the non-dispensing position,
blocking means prevents axial or tilting movement of the actuator
and, further, cooperable portions of the housing and actuator form
a locking means preventing rotational movement of the actuator. One
of the cooperable portions is movable radially (with respect to the
actuator axis) between engaging and disengaging positions with
respect to the other portion. Preferably the cooperable portions
are a tongue and groove or similar means, one being carried by a
flexible and resilient flap portion of the housing and the other
being carried by the actuator. In the preferred mode, to rotate the
actuator to the dispensing position the locking means must be first
disabled by moving and holding the cooperable portions apart
radially thereby disengaging the tongue and groove while the
actuator is rotated free of the blocking means. Product is
dispensed by axially depressing or by tilting the actuator.
Preferably, the disabling of the locking means is done with one
hand while the rotation of the actuator free of the blocking means
is done with the other hand in a coordinated simultaneous
motion.
The blocking means utilizes one or more portions of the actuator
overriding one or more shoulders on the housing.
Limiting means is provided to restrict the radial movement of the
flap to prevent permanent deformation thereof. This means may take
such forms as a dog-leg, a pin, or an extended skirt or other
portion of the flap which abuts a housing portion after sufficient,
but limited, radial movement.
Means to conceal the locking features are also included. Both the
positive locking means and the concealing means combine to provide
a genuine childproof assembly.
Additional features include a tamperproof tab, a removable dust
cover, a one-handed re-locking feature and alternate embodiments
for assemblies with cylindrical or inclined walls and assemblies
for use with wide diameter containers.
It is an object of this invention to provide an actuator assembly
for use on aerosol and pump-type dispensers and other valved
containers where the valve is operated by axial, tilting or
rotational movement.
It is an object of this invention to provide a two-piece childproof
actuator assembly that is positively locked in the non-dispensing
position and the actuator of which cannot be moved to the
dispensing position until the locking means is first physically
disengaged by a positive action other than simple rotation, such
as, by moving the locking pieces radially apart relative to each
other and holding them in that position while the actuator is
simultaneously rotated to the dispensing position.
It is an object of this invention to conceal the locking means from
untrained eyes to make it more difficult for children to determine
that there is a locking means preventing rotation out of the
non-dispensing position.
It is an object of this invention to provide, as one form of the
invention, a resilient flap operated locking means that requires
the use of two hands simultaneously in coordinated movement in
order to unlock the actuator, and the use of only one hand in a
simple easy motion to relock the actuator.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a tamperproof
breakaway tab which serves as a ready indication to the purchaser
that the package has been tampered with, or may have been used.
It is an object of this invention to provide a limiting means to
prevent permanent deformation to the locking mechanism by exceeding
its structural limits.
It is an object of this invention to provide a unique molded
housing design that permits efficient molding operations.
Additional objects are set forth in the following description of
the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the entire combination of one form
of the invention showing the actuator button locked in the
non-dispensing position. This embodiment has cylindrical
sidewalls.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 showing
the tamperproof tab being broken away and exposing the dog-leg
embodiment of the limiting means.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 showing
the flexible flap being moved radially outwardly until the dog leg
limits further movement and being held there with one hand while
the actuator button is simultaneously moved to the unlocked
dispensing position by applying a rotational force to the control
member. The lip concealing the tongue and groove is also shown.
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the valved aerosol
container and the two-piece actuator assembly of the FIG. 1
embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 showing the
actuator button in the non-dispensing position with both the
blocking means and locking means engaged and the tamperproof tab
intact.
FIG. 6 is similar to FIG. 5 but with the actuator button in the
dispensing position with both the blocking means and locking means
disengaged and with the tamperproof tab removed.
FIG. 7 is a partial vertical section of the invention shown in FIG.
5 taken along the line 7--7 and clearly showing two blocking
shoulders on the housing preventing axial or tilting movement of
the actuator.
FIG. 8 is a partial vertical section of the invention shown in FIG.
6 taken along the line 8--8 and also showing in broken lines the
actuator being operated by being axially depressed to dispense
product.
FIGS. 9, 10, 11 and 12 are perspective views of an alternate
embodiment of the invention adapted for use on wide diameter
containers. FIG. 12, especially shows the preferred two-handed
operation required to move the actuator button from the locked to
the unlocked position.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the entire combination showing an
alternate embodiment with the actuator in the non-dispensing
position. In this form of the invention the walls are tapered and
the locking means is nicely concealed.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 13 with the
actuator in the dispensing position.
FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view of the embodiment of FIG.
13.
FIG. 16 is a plan view of FIG. 13 showing a single shoulder
blocking means.
FIG. 17 is a partial vertical section of FIG. 16 along the line
17--17 showing the single shoulder blocking means, removable
overcap, inclined walls and pin-type limiting means.
FIG. 18 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 16 showing the
resilient flap being flexed radially outwardly to disengage the
locking means.
FIG. 19 is a plan view of FIG. 14 showing the actuator in the
dispensing position.
FIG. 20 is a partial vertical section of FIG. 19 taken along the
line 20--20.
FIGS. 21 and 22 are partial sections showing the tongue and groove
locking means and pin-type limiting means of the embodiment of FIG.
13.
FIG. 23 is similar to FIG. 21 but showing an alternate embodiment
of the limiting means as an extended skirt of the flexible
flap.
FIG. 24 is similar to FIG. 23 but showing an alternate embodiment
of the locking means when the housing and actuator have vertical
walls.
FIG. 25 is a plan view of an alternate embodiment showing a
multiple shoulder blocking means.
FIG. 26 is a partial vertical section of FIG. 25 along the line
26--26.
FIGS. 27 and 28 are plan views of an alternate embodiment showing
the actuator in non-dispensing and dispensing positions
respectively.
FIG. 29 is a partial vertical section of the embodiment of FIG. 28
taken along the line 29--29 and showing in broken lines the
actuator being operated by tilting.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIGS. 1 to 8
FIGS. 1 to 8 show one form of the present invention comprising a
combination two-piece actuator assembly with cylindrical walls and
shown generally as 10 in FIG. 1 for use with an aerosol container
11 having a conventional valve assembly shown generally as 12 in
FIG. 4 secured to and sealing the top thereof. The actuator
assembly comprises a sleeved, slotted housing shown generally as 20
in FIG. 4 and generally T-shaped actuator button shown generally as
50 in FIG. 4. The valve assembly includes a conventional valve for
controlling the dispensing of the contents of the container. The
stem portion 13 of the valve protrudes through and extends above
the valve assembly 12 of the container 11. In the preferred
embodiment the container is pressurized with a propellant and
contains a material to be dispensed under fluid pressure. However,
the invention is also adaptable for use with hand operated,
pump-type dispensers, or other valved containers.
The housing 20 is fixedly secured to the top of the aerosol
container. The interior of the housing is provided with a central
bore 14 (FIG. 4) and a plurality of notched ribs 15 (as best seen
in FIG. 7) around its inner circumference each of which provides a
spacer portion 16 and shoulder portion 17 such that the housing
snaps down over the rim 18 of the valve assembly and is thereby
frictionally secured to the top of the container with the shoulders
17 of the ribs 15 resting against the top of the rim 18 The housing
is molded of any conventional thermoplastic material.
The actuator button 50 is a generally T-shaped member which is
mounted slidably within the central bore 14 of the housing and is
also rotatable around the common longitudinal vertical axis of the
container 11 and housing 20. The actuator button (as best seen in
FIG. 7) is provided with a central hub 51 which fits over the valve
stem 13 protruding above the aerosol container. The hub 51 has an
entrance orifice 52 and a shoulder means 53 for actuating the valve
13. The actuator button is also provided with a discharge end 54
having a discharge orifice or nozzle 55 at one end and a control
member 56 at the other end of the T. A passageway 57 through the
hub of the actuator button connects valve 13 and entrance orifice
52 with the discharge nozzle 55 for dispensing the product to the
atmosphere. The control end 56 of the actuator button is a portion
which projects slightly beyond the vertical wall 26 of the housing
20 in such a manner that the operator can rotate the actuator
button between the locked and unlocked positions by simply applying
a horizontal, rotational or twisting force to the control member 56
to rotate it about the longitudinal vertical axis of the actuator
button. The control end of the actuator button is serrated 58 to
provide a non-slip surface for applying the rotational force. The
actuator button is molded of any conventional thermoplastic
material. In the discharge end of the actuator button 50 and to one
side of the discharge nozzle 55 is located a vertical groove or
slot 59 which is designed to receive the tongue or key 27 of the
flexible flap 23 of the housing to comprise a latch means for
positively locking the actuator button 50 in the locked position as
is more fully described below. The vertical edge 60 (FIG. 6) of the
discharge end of the actuator button 50 on the other side of the
discharge nozzle 55 is rounded to cooperate with tongue 27 as more
fully described below.
The housing 20 has two slotted openings or recesses shown generally
as 21, 22 in FIG. 4. The slot 21 is on one side of the housing and
coacts with the discharge end 54 of the actuator button 50. The
other slot 22 is on the other side of the housing and coacts with
the control end 56 of the actuator button. A flexible flap 23
extends circumferentially across a portion of the slot 21. The flap
23 (best shown in FIG. 3) is attached at one end 24 and free at the
other end 25 and is flexible radially inwardly and outwardly with
respect to the vertical axis of the actuator button and housing.
Flap 23 is really an extension of the wall 26 of the housing.
Adjacent the free end 25 of the flap is a tongue or key 27 which
extends radially inwardly and is designed to be received by the
slot or groove 59 of the actuator button 50 in the locked position.
At the lower end of the tongue 27 is limiting means, such as, a dog
leg 28 (best seen in FIGS. 2 and 3) which extends below the lower
edge of the flap 23 and into the opening of the slot 21. The dog
leg 28 acts as a limiting member such that when the operator places
his fingernail against the end of the flap 23 and moves it radially
outwardly (as best seen in FIG. 3), the dog leg 28 abuts against
the inside of wall 29 of the housing 20 preventing further outward
movement and, thus, preventing the operator from inadvertently
permanently deforming, springing or snapping off the flap 23 at its
attached end 24 by exceeding the flex limits of the flap. The flap
23 has natural resilience and will spring back to its normal
position when released for engagement with groove 59. The tongue 27
is located a short distance from the free end 25 of the flap so as
to provide a ledge 30 (FIG. 6) against which the operator can place
his fingernail in order to move the flap radially outwardly. The
side wall surface 31 of the tongue 27 nearest the free end 25 of
the flap is slanted toward the locked position in such a manner
that it, in cooperation with the rounded corner 60 of the actuator,
gives minimum resistance to the movement of the actuator from the
unlocked dispensing position to the locked non-dispensing
position.
A portion of the slot 22 is provided with a blocking shoulder
portion 32 (FIGS. 5 and 6) which acts as a blocking means
preventing axial movement of the actuator button in the locked
position. Also a second blocking shoulder may be provided at the
discharge end of the actuator button as at 33 in FIGS. 6 and 7
further assuring against axial movement of the actuator. It is
preferred that both blocking shoulders 32, 33 be used, although one
shoulder is acceptable. Adjacent to blocking shoulder 32 of slot 22
is a slot portion 34 (FIGS. 5 and 6) which is longitudinally
elongated so as to permit actuating the valve by axial movement of
the actuator button.
The locked position shown in FIG. 5 is the non-dispensing position
and is defined by the actuator button being rotated clockwise in
the present embodiment until it abuts against the edge 35 (FIG. 5)
of the slot 21. In this position the locking means is engaged,
i.e., the tongue 27 of the flap 23 is received by the groove 59 of
the actuator button 50 positively preventing rotational movement of
the button and locking the button in this non-dispensing position.
In this position the flexible flap 23 covers the discharge nozzle.
Also while in the locked position the discharge and control ends
54, 56 of the actuator button override the blocking shoulders 32,
33 of the housing preventing against axial movement of the actuator
button to operate the valve.
The unlocked position best shown in FIG. 6 is the dispensing
position and is defined by the actuator button being rotated
counterclockwise in the present embodiment until it abuts against
the edge 36 of slot 21. Discharge nozzle 55 is unobstructed by the
flexible flap 23 and the projecting control end 56 of the actuator
button 34 is vertically aligned with the longitudinally elongated
portion 34 of the slot 22. In this position actuator 50 has been
rotated free of the blocking shoulders 32, 33. In this position an
axially inward force applied by the operator to the top of the
actuator button (as best seen in FIG. 8) depresses the actuator
button, operates the valve stem 13 and causes the pressurized
container 11 to discharge its contents through the discharge
passageway 57 in the hub 51 and out the discharge nozzle 55 of the
actuator button. When the operator releases the button, the valve
is spring loaded to return to the up position closing the
valve.
The actuator button cannot be rotated out of the locked position to
the unlocked position by the operator until the locking mechanism
is first disabled. As best shown in FIG. 3, this is done by the
operator placing his fingernail against the ledge 30 of the
flexible flap 23 and moving the flap radially outwardly until the
dog leg 28 abuts against the vertical wall 29 of the housing. In
this position the tongue 27 of the flap is disengaged from the
groove 59 of the actuator button thereby unlocking the actuator and
permitting it to be rotated counterclockwise free of blocking
shoulders 32, 33 to the unlocked dispensing position by the
operator applying a rotational force to the control end 56 of the
actuator button. The actuator button can be easily returned from
the unlocked to the normally engaged or locked position by a
one-handed motion of the operator by simply applying an opposite
clockwise rotational force to the control end 56 of the actuator
button. This easy movement is facilitated by the slanted edge 31 of
the tongue 27 cooperating with the rounded edge 60 of the actuator
button. The co-action of the slanted and rounded edges together
with the radially outward flexing motion of the flap 23 permits
minimum resistance to returning the actuator button to the locked
position at which point, when the tongue and groove are aligned,
and due to the natural resilience of the flap, the tongue 27
automatically snaps into and engages the groove 59 of the actuator
button in a self-locking action.
The actuator button is provided with a lip 61 (FIG. 4) which
overhangs at least the groove 59 of the actuator button and the
tongue 27 of the flap 23 when the locking means is engaged.
Consequently, the lip 61 conceals the tongue and groove locking
mechanism so that it is not readily apparent to the operator that
the actuator button is locked and must be first unlocked prior to
use. The lip 61 optionally may also extend over the flap 23 further
camouflaging the fact that 23 is a flap which is movable
radially.
It is apparent that this mode of the invention preferably requires
a coordinated and intentional movement to simultaneously release
the locking mechanism with one hand and twist the actuator button
from the locked to the unlocked position with the other hand before
the contents of the container can be dispensed by a further
downward movement of the actuator button. That coordinated action
together with the concealing of the locking means provide a
combination actuator and sleeved housing which is truly childproof
in that young children are incapable without assistance, of
detecting the locking means and of making the coordinated movement
necessary to unlock the actuator button for dispensing.
In the embodiment described the locked position is reached by
clockwise rotation of the actuator button within the housing and
the unlocked position, by counterclockwise rotation. Obviously the
design may be reversed so that the described positions are reversed
without departing from the invention disclosed herein.
In the slot 21 of the housing between the free end 25 of the
flexible flap 23 and the adjacent wall 37 (FIGS. 4, 5) of the
housing is located a tamperproof tab 38 which is connected on one
side to the flexible flap 23 and on the other side to the adjacent
wall 37 of the housing. The connections are by thin breakaway ribs
39, 40 respectively. This tab is easily broken away by the consumer
after purchase and prior to its first use by him (FIG. 2). If the
tab 38 is broken prior to purchase, it is an indication to the
consumer that the package has been tampered with or used. Further,
so long as tab 38 is intact, it prevents relative movement between
the tongue and groove. Thus it prevents disabling or unlocking the
latch mechanism until the tab 38 is removed.
The sleeved housing 20 has a stepped portion or horizontal ledge 41
around its entire circumference. As shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 7 the
flap 23 is offset radially inwardly from the adjacent underlying
housing wall portion 29. The purpose for this stepped design is to
provide an open area directly beneath the flexible flap 23. This
design permits greater efficiency and simplicity in the design of
tooling which molds the housing.
FIGS. 9 to 12
FIGS. 9, 10, 11 and 12 show an alternative embodiment designed
especially for large diameter containers. The construction and
operation is essentially similar to the preferred embodiments
described above. The housing 120 is wider and frictionally snaps
onto the container 111 at rim 118. The actuator button 150 is
slidable and rotatable within the central bore of the housing 120.
The locking means preventing rotational movement of the actuator is
the groove 159 carried by the actuator button engaged by tongue 127
carried by the flexible flap 123. With the actuator in the locked
position, shoulder 132 prevents axial movement of the actuator
button. Axially elongated slot 134 allows the actuator button to be
depressed to dispense product. In this embodiment the control end
156 of the actuator button preferably does not (but it may, if
desired) extend outwardly of the wall of housing 120, but is
shorter and requires the operator to reach into slot 122 with the
finger of one hand to apply the rotational force to control end 156
while the other hand is used to move the flap 123 radially
outwardly to unlock tongue 127 and groove 159 as shown clearly in
FIG. 12. The limiting means in this embodiment is enlarged portion
190 of the housing which serves as an abutment preventing radial
outward movement of the flap 123 beyond the point of permanent
deformation.
FIGS. 13 to 29
The embodiments shown in FIGS. 13 to 29 are similar to the
embodiments discussed above and for simplicity of description,
corresponding numbers are assigned to corresponding parts.
Housing 220 is mounted on container 211. Actuator 250 is mounted in
operable connection with the valve stem 213 and is rotatable
between a non-dispensing and dispensing position.
In the non-dispensing position blocking means prevent operation of
the valve. The blocking means comprises shoulder 232 (FIGS. 16-18)
in a single shoulder version or shoulders 332 and 333 (FIGS. 25,
26) or 432, 433 (FIGS. 27, 28) in two shoulder versions. The
blocking means prevent operation of the valve axially as in the
version shown in FIGS. 25, 26 or by tilting as in the version shown
in FIGS. 27, 28.
Also in the non-dispensing position a locking means positively
prevents rotational movement of the actuator (FIGS. 13, 16, 21, 25
and 27). The locking means comprises cooperable portions of the
housing and actuator, one of which is radially movable between
engaging and disengaging positions with respect to the other. As
seen in FIG. 14 and in exploded section FIGS. 21 and 22 the
cooperable portions are wedge or tongue 227 carried by flexible
flap 223 and groove 259 carried by actuator 250. When the
cooperable portions 227, 259 are moved radially apart, such as when
the flap 223 is moved radially outwardly and held in that position
as shown in FIGS. 18 and 22 the locking means is disabled and
actuator 250 can be rotated free of blocking shoulder 232 or 332,
333 or 432, 433 to the dispensing position (FIGS. 14, 19, 28) for
dispensing product from the container by axially depressing the
valve stem 213 (FIG. 20) or by tilting the valve stem 413 (FIG.
29).
The particular cooperable portions forming the locking means can
take various forms such as tongue and groove, bead and detent,
wedge and detent and the like. The cooperable portions can be
interchanged between the housing and the actuator. Further the
portion of the locking means which is moved radially to disengage
it from the other portion, can be either a housing portion or an
actuator portion. That is, the flap 223 can be either an extension
of the housing wall 226 as shown or it could be made as a flexible
flap portion of the actuator which must be moved to disengage it
from a fixed cooperable portion of the housing. Further, flexible
flap 223 and cooperable portions 227, 259 need not be located on
the discharge side of the actuator assembly as shown, but rather,
may be located in the control end of the actuator assembly.
In the preferred mode, the actuator 250 is capable of being moved
from the non-dispensing position (FIG. 17) to the dispensing
position (FIG. 19) only by the simultaneous coordinated action of
disabling the locking means while rotating the actuator free of the
blocking means. The invention is not limited, however, to only
two-handed or simultaneous operations as the disabling step and
rotating step could also be sequentially performed with one
hand.
The limiting means may take various forms as for example the pin
228 extending below flap 223 and designed to coact with housing
wall 229 (clearly shown in FIGS. 14, 21, 22). An alternative mode
includes an extended skirt 528 along the full length of flexible
flap 523 and designed to coact with housing wall 529 (shown in FIG.
23).
The walls of the housing and actuator may be inclined as shown
clearly in FIGS. 13, 15, 21 or vertical as shown in FIG. 24.
Inclined walls not only give a modern, aesthetic, tapered
appearance to the closure assembly, but also naturally conceals the
tongue and groove locking portions against detection. One untrained
in operating the closure assembly, will have difficulty seeing the
cooperable portions comprising the locking means unless he looks
directly into the space between the inclined walls (see FIG. 21)
and even then it is unlikely to be detected. Similarly, FIG. 24
shows how well the tongue of the flap can be concealed in the
groove of the actuator even in the straight wall version of the
invention.
The tapered version of FIG. 13 also comes with a tamperproof tab
238 in the slot 221 (FIG. 15) and connected by thin breakaway ribs
239, 240 to prevent relative movement between the cooperable
portions 227, 259 until the tab is removed.
The actuator assembly of this invention is also provided with a
frictionally secured, removable dust cover 600 (FIG. 17) which
keeps the assembly free from outside contamination during periods
of non-use. The dust cover 600 snaps onto a ridge 601 (FIGS. 13,
17) on the housing and is frictionally held thereon.
It is noted that the embodiment of FIGS. 13, 19, as in the
embodiment of FIG. 6, is designed for an easy one-handed motion in
returning the actuator 250 from the unlocked to the locked
position, the edge 231 of the tongue being slanted, the edge 260 of
the actuator being rounded and the flap 223 being resilient so that
as the actuator is being rotated toward the locked position, flap
223 flexes outwardly and edge 231 rides past edge 260 until the
actuator is fully seated on the blocking shoulder 232 whereupon
tongue 227 automatically snaps into and engages groove 259 (FIG.
16) locking the actuator against rotational movement.
* * * * *