U.S. patent number 3,848,775 [Application Number 05/391,637] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-19 for valve structure for pressurized liquid dispenser.
This patent grant is currently assigned to C-H Products Corporation. Invention is credited to Clarence R. Possell.
United States Patent |
3,848,775 |
Possell |
November 19, 1974 |
VALVE STRUCTURE FOR PRESSURIZED LIQUID DISPENSER
Abstract
An improved valve structure for a pressurized liquid dispenser,
which dispenser is of the type that operates intermittently and is
actuated by an electronically controlled timer circuit. In the
operation of such a device, the pressurized liquid is admitted into
a solenoid surrounded metering chamber in which a magnetically
attractable armature is disposed. The armature normally occupies a
first position in the metering chamber due to a differential in the
sizes of first and second end areas thereof, which end areas are
concurrently exposed to the vapor pressure of the liquid in the
chamber. When the solenoid is periodically energized to generate a
magnetic field, the armature moves to a second position to allow
pressurized liquid in the metering chamber to flow therefrom to a
nozzle that transforms the liquid to a spray prior to the latter
being discharged to the ambient atmosphere. The improved valve
structure is particularly adapted for preventing the escape of any
liquid from the metering chamber to the nozzle when the armature is
in a first position.
Inventors: |
Possell; Clarence R. (San
Diego, CA) |
Assignee: |
C-H Products Corporation
(Rialto, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
23547368 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/391,637 |
Filed: |
August 27, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
222/649; 222/453;
222/504 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16K
31/0655 (20130101); B65D 83/262 (20130101); F16K
31/0651 (20130101); G01F 11/32 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
83/16 (20060101); G01F 11/00 (20060101); F16K
31/06 (20060101); G01F 11/32 (20060101); G04c
023/38 () |
Field of
Search: |
;222/70,402.20,453,504
;251/362,360 ;137/202 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Reeves; Robert B.
Assistant Examiner: Scherbel; David A.
Claims
I claim:
1. In a dispenser that automatically discharges metered quantities
of a pressurized liquid from a container at timed intervals, said
dispenser of the type that includes a body assembly that defines an
elongate vertical liquid metering chamber having first and second
ends, an elongate armature of less length than said metering
chamber movably disposed in the latter, said armature formed from a
magnetically attractable material and having first and second ends,
said armature of less transverse cross section than that of said
metering chamber, a spray nozzle, first passage means in
communication with said spray nozzle, a solenoid surrounding at
least a portion of said metering chamber, a source of electric
power, second passage means that maintain communication between the
interior of said container and a tubular valve seat that extends
into said metering chamber from said second end thereof, a normally
open electric circuit means connected to said solenoid and said
source of power that periodically close to momentarily energize
said solenoid to move said armature from a first to a second
position, first valve means on said second end of said armature
that seal with said tubular valve seat when said armature is in
said second position, an improved valve structure for maintaining
said liquid in said metering chamber when said armature is in said
first position, said valve structure including:
a. a tapered rigid element of circular transverse cross section
that projects outwardly from the center of said first end of said
armature;
b. a resilient first ring snuggly and sealingly disposed in a
recess formed in said first end of said metering chamber, said
first ring having a centrally disposed opening therein coaxially
aligned with said element, said recess in communication with said
first passage means, with said element when said armature is in
said first position extending into said opening to pressure seal
with said ring and exert an outward radially directed force thereon
to maintain said first ring in sealing engagement with said recess,
and said element when said solenoid is energized moving out of said
opening as said armature moves to said second position to permit
said liquid to discharge from said metering chamber through said
first passage means due to the pressure on said liquid, said
armature when said solenoid ceases to be energized returning to
said first position due to the weight of said armature and the
action of pressurized liquid on said armature as said liquid
discharges into said metering chamber from said tubular valve seat,
said first ring formed from a resilient material that is inert to
said pressurized liquid said second end of said armature including
said valve means having a greater area than the portion of said
first end and element exposed to said pressurized liquid when said
element is in said first position, with said armature due to the
differential in areas on opposite ends thereof exposed to said
pressurized liquid at all times tending to remain in said first
position to seal with said first ring, and said armature only
moving from said first position when said solenoid is energized to
create a magnetic field.
2. A dispenser as defined in claim 1 in which said tapered element
is in the form of a cone.
3. A dispenser as defined in claim 1 in which said tubular valve
seat has a downwardly and inwardly tapered external surface, with
said first valve means being a second ring of resilient material
that is inert to said pressurized liquid and is snuggly and
sealingly disposed in a second recess formed in said second end of
said armature, with the external tapered surface of said valve seat
sealingly engaging at least a portion of the interior surface of
said second ring when said armature moves to said second position,
and the combined area of the upper portion of said second ring and
the portion of said second end of said armature extending outwardly
from said second recess being greater than the area of the portion
of said first end of said armature that extends around said
element.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
Improved valve structure for pressurized liquid dispenser.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In the past, timer controlled spray dispensers for pressurized
liquid have been devised, and commercially sold for use with
aerosol liquids. The liquids dispensed from such devices may be
used as room fresheners, deodorants, disinfectants, and the like.
Liquid is periodically discharged from such a device into the
ambient atmosphere as a spray by means of an apparatus such as
disclosed and claimed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,187,949 entitled "Spray
Dispenser for Pressurized Liquid Having Timer Control" that issue
to John J. Mangel on June 8, 1965 as a result of an application
therefor filed Apr. 3, 1964.
The valving that permits an aerosol liquid to be maintained in a
metering chamber of a device such as above identified for a
substantial period of time presents a serious problem, as such
liquids have a tendency to leak through even the most minute
openings.
The major object of the present invention is to provide a valve
structure particularly adapted for preventing undesired flow or
leakage of pressurized liquid from a metering chamber, as well as
sealing the flow into the metering chamber during the period it is
being dispensed therefrom.
Another object of the invention is to supply a valve structure that
is so operatively associated with a movable armature, that flow of
pressurized liquid will take place from the metering chamber only
when the armature is in a second position, and flow of a
pressurized liquid into the metering chamber will occur only when
the armature is in a first position.
A further object of the invention is to supply a valve structure
that will remain operative for a prolonged period of time and one
that requires a minimum of maintenance attention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An improved valve structure for a pressurized liquid dispenser of
the type that includes a metering chamber that is surrounded by a
solenoid, with the chamber having an elongate armature formed from
a magnetically attractable material situated therein. The lower
first end of the chamber has a recess extending downwardly
therefrom that is in communication with a first passage that
extends to a nozzle, which nozzle is capable of transforming a
liquid into a spray when the latter is discharged therethrough
under pressure. The recess has a ring of resilient material snuggly
and sealingly engaging the surfaces defining the same, with the
ring having a centrally disposed opening therein that is at all
times in communication with the first passage. A rigid valve member
extends downwardly from the first end of the armature, and this
member having a downwardly and inwardly tapering external surface
that sealingly engages the portion of the resilient ring adjacent
the opening therein when the armature is in a first position.
When the armature is in the first position liquid may discharge
from a container through a second passage into the confines of the
metering chamber through a tubular valve seat that projects
downwardly from a second end of the chamber, with this flow
continuing until the metering chamber is filled. A valve member is
mounted on the second end of the armature that is brought into
sealing engagement with the valve seat, when the armature moves to
a second position.
The metering chamber is at least partially surrounded by a
solenoid, and the solenoid, when electrically energized
periodically by a timing circuit, creating a magnetic field that
results in the armature moving to the second position. When the
armature moves to the second position, pressurized liquid
discharges from the metering chamber through the first passage to
flow to the nozzle and be transformed into a spray prior to being
discharged to the ambient atmosphere.
The weight of the armature and the effective areas of the first and
second ends thereof are so regulated that when the solenoid is
deenergized the armature will move to a first position where the
valve member seats on a resilient ring and prevents discharge of
pressurized liquid to the ambient atmosphere. The effective area of
the second end of the armature includes both the ring shaped area
defined by the armature and the circular area of a resilient valve
member situated within the confines of the ring shaped area. The
effective area of the first end of the armature is that of the ring
shaped area defined thereon, and the portion of the tapered valve
member situated above the resilient ring. The effective first and
second end areas are so chosen that the second area is sufficiently
greater than the first area, that when coupled with the weight of
the armature, that vapor pressure in the metering chamber will
cause the armature to remain in a first position until the solenoid
is electrically energized to create a magnetic field that will move
the armature to a second position where pressurized liquid can
escape from the metering chamber to the ambient atmosphere. When
the solenoid is deenergized, the vapor pressure of liquid entering
the metering chamber together with the weight of the armature,
forces the armature to the first position where the valve member is
in sealing engagement with the resilient ring. The resilient ring
is made from a material that is inert to the action of the aerosol
liquid that flows into and out of the metering chamber as above
described. The valve structure above described is simple and easy
to manufacture, and does not require the close tolerances that were
required previously in valves that attempted to seal the aerosol
liquid within the confines of the metering chamber prior to the
armature moving to a second position where the pressurized liquid
could escape from the chamber due to the vapor pressure on the
liquid.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a combined vertical cross sectional and side elevational
view of a spray dispenser for pressurized liquid, which dispenser
includes the improved valve structure;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal cross sectional view of the
metering chamber, valve structure and armature, with the armature
in a first position;
FIG. 3 is the same view as shown in FIG. 2, but after the armature
has moved to a second position to permit pressurized liquid to be
discharged from the metering chamber; and
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary vertical cross sectional view of an
alternate form of valve structure that may be utilized to prevent
the flow of pressurized liquid into the metering chamber during the
time the armature is in a second position.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
An intermittently operated spray dispenser A for pressurized liquid
is shown in FIG. 1 that includes a first valve structure B as a
part thereof. The valve structure B as may be seen in FIG. 1 is at
least partially formed on an armature C, which armature is formed
from a magnetically attractable material. The armature C is
longitudinally movable in an elongate metering chamber D, which
metering chamber is at least partially surrounded by a solenoid
coil E. The armature C has a first end 10 and second end 12. The
metering chamber has a first end 14 and second end 16. A second
valve F is provided that prevents the flow of pressurized liquid
(not shown) into the metering chamber D, when the armature C due to
energization of the solenoid E moves from the first position shown
in FIG. 2 to the second position illustrated in FIG. 3.
A cylindrical container G for the aerosol liquid is provided which
has a tubular neck 18 on a first end 20 thereof, and a spring
loaded tubular member being disposed within the confines of the
neck and identified by the numeral 22 in FIG. 1 that remains in a
closed position, except when subjected in a force directed toward
the first end 20.
The spray dispenser A may take numerous structural forms, but is
illustrated in FIG. 1 as including a cup shaped inverted base that
is defined by a horizontal plate 24 from which a continuous side
wall 28 extends downwardly to rest on a suitable horizontal surface
29. A U-shaped bracket 30 is provided as shown in FIG. 1 that has a
pair of oppositely extending tabs 32 formed on the upper part
thereof. A tubular boss 34 provided as shown in FIG. 1 that has a
circular flange 36 extending outwardly from the lower portion
thereof. Suitable fasteners 38 extend downwardly through openings
(not shown) in the flange 36, plate 24, and tabs 32 to hold the
last mentioned three elements together as an integral unit. The
boss 34 has a circumferentially extending recess 40 formed therein
in which an O-ring or other resilient sealing ring 42 is disposed.
The ring 42 makes sealing contact with the interior surface of the
neck 18 when the latter is slid downwardly thereover. The metering
chamber D may be defined by a cylindrical non-magnetic shell 44
which on the lower end thereof develops into a body 46 that extends
downwardly through an opening 48 formed in the bracket 30. A plug
50 of a rigid magnetizable material such as steel or the like is
provided that includes an upper cylindrical portion 50a and a lower
cylindrical portion 50b, which portions are separated by an
outwardly extending flange 50c as shown in FIG. 1. The solenoid
coil E is preferably surrounded by a cylindrical shell 52 formed of
plastic or other nonelectrical conducting material, and the shell
on the ends being closed by two end pieces 52 and 54.
The plug 50 as may be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 includes a downwardly
extending tubular valve seat 54 that has a passage 56 defined
therein that is in communication with a bore 58 that on the upper
end thereof develops into a first shoulder 60 from which a second
bore 62 continues upwardly in the plug as shown in FIG. 1. Second
bore 62 develops into a second circular shoulder 63 from which a
third bore 65 extends upwardly. Tubular member 22 extends
downwardly in third bore 65 and is held in an open position due to
pressure contacting third body shoulder 63.
The flange 50c rests on the end piece 52 as shown in FIG. 1, with
the cylindrical portion 50a of the plug extending through
vertically aligned openings formed in the boss 34 and plate 24.
The upper portion of the shell 44 slidably engages the exterior
surface of the lower plug portion 50b, and seals therewith due to
pressure contact with an O-ring 66 mounted in this plug portion. In
FIG. 2, the second valve F is illustrated as including the tubular
valve seat 54 and a body of resilient material 68 such as rubber or
the like that is situated within the confines of a recess 70 formed
in the second end 12 of armature C and extending downwardly
therefrom. The total area of the body 68 and the portion of the
second end 12 extending therearound is greater than the area of the
second end 12 extending therearound is greater than the area of the
second end 10 that extends around the first valve member B.
The first valve member B as may best be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 is
centrally disposed relative to the second end 10 and is defined by
a rigid valve member 72 that has a downwardly and inwardly tapering
surface 74. The first end of the metering chamber that is defined
on the upper portion of the body 46 has a centrally disposed recess
76 extending downwardly therein that is in communication with a
first passage 78 that is connected to a first tube 80, which tube
in turn is connected on the outer extremity thereof to a spray
forming nozzle 82 that is conveniently supported in the sidewall 26
as shown in FIG. 1.
First valve B includes a resilient ring 80 of a material that is
inert to the pressurized liquid, and is snugly and sealingly
mounted in the recess 76. The ring 80 defines a centrally disposed
opening 82 that is in communication with the first passage 78. When
the armature C is in the first position as shown in FIG. 2 the
valve member 72 projects into the opening 82, and due to pressure
contact with the exterior surface of the ring 80 adjacent the
opening 82, effectively forms a seal therewith. This seal prevents
the flow of pressurized fluid from the metering chamber D to the
first passage 78 until such time as the armature C is moved
upwardly to the second position as shown in FIG. 3. Two clips H of
an electrical conducting material are secured to the bracket 30 and
interior of the side wall 26 and serve to support a battery J
therebetween. The clips H have electrical conductors 84 extending
therefrom to an electronic circuit 86 that may be of the type
described in the previously mentioned Mangel patent, and this
circuit having two conductors 88 extending therefrom to the
solenoid E through openings formed in the shell 52. Two connectors
92 connect a variable potentiameter 94 to the electronic circuit
86, to regulate the frequency with which pulses of electric energy
are discharged from the battery J to the solenoid E. The
potentiameter 94 may be adjusted to control the time period at
which pulses of electric current are discharged to the solenoid E
by means of a handle 96 that projects upwardly from the plate
24.
When a pulse of electric current is discharged to the solenoid E,
the solenoid is electrically energized to create a magnetic field,
and the armature C moves upwardly as a result thereof from the
first position as shown in FIG. 2 to the second position
illustrated in FIG. 3. When the armature C is in the second
position pressurized liquid (not shown) in the metering chamber D
is free to discharge therefrom through the passage 78 and be formed
into a spray by the nozzle 82 as the liquid discharges to the
ambient atmosphere. When the flow of electric current to the
solenoid E is terminated, the armature C moves downwardly not only
due to the weight thereof, but also due to the differential in
force exerted by the pressurized liquid on the first and second
ends 10 and 12 of the armature to assume the first position shown
in FIG. 2 where the valve member 72 is in sealing engagement with
the ring 80. The opening 82 in the ring 80 must be of sufficient
transverse cross section to permit the valve member 72 to partially
enter the same, as the armature C moves from the second position
shown in the FIG. 3 to the first position illustrated in FIG.
2.
When the armature C is in the second position illustrated in FIG.
2, the resilient valve body 68 is in sealing engagement with the
tubular valve seat 54 as shown in FIG. 3, to prevent flow of
pressurized liquid into the metering chamber D during the time that
a charge of the pressurized liquid is flowing from the metering
chamber through the passage 78 to the nozzle 82 to be discharged as
a spray from the latter.
A modified second form of valve F' is shown in FIG. 4 in which the
valve seat 54' is formed with a downwardly and inwardly tapering
surface 98. The second end 12 has a recess 100 formed therein that
extends downwardly therefrom, with the recess and valve seat 54'
being longitudinally aligned. The recess 100 has a ring 102 of a
resilient material snuggly and sealingly disposed therein, with the
ring 102 having a centrally disposed opening 104 formed therein. In
FIG. 4 it will be seen that the size of the opening 104 and the
exterior surface 98 of the tubular valve seat 54' are so related
that the valve seat effects a fluid tight seal with the portion of
the ring 102 adjacent the opening 104, when the armature C is moved
upwardly to the second position as illustrated in FIG. 4.
The upward movement of the armature C when the solenoid E is
electrically energized is in part due to the plug 50 becoming a
magnet when such energization occurs, and the plug then attracting
the armature C to move upwardly. In FIG. 1, it will be noted that
the length of the armature C between the first and second ends 10
and 12 thereof is less than the longitudinal distance between the
first and second ends 14 and 16 of the metering chamber D. Also, it
will be noted that the transverse cross section of the armature C
is less than the interior transverse cross section of the shell 44
to provide space between the armature and shell that is filled with
pressurized liquid when the armature is in the first position as
illustrated in FIG. 2.
The use of the first form B of the valve structure as well as the
alternate form F' for the second valve structure, provides an easy
and convenient means of effecting a fluid type seal when the
armature C is in the first and second positions, and such valve
structures overcome the numerous operational disadvantages
encountered when valves of the type illustrated and described in
the Mangel patent previously identified are attempted to be used to
control the flow of pressurized liquid into and out of the metering
chamber D.
The use and operation of the invention has previously been
described in detail and need not be repeated.
* * * * *