U.S. patent number 3,848,752 [Application Number 05/073,032] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-19 for apparatus for transferring sheet material.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Pilkington Brothers Limited. Invention is credited to Geoffrey Hindle Branch, James Edward Hall.
United States Patent |
3,848,752 |
Branch , et al. |
November 19, 1974 |
APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING SHEET MATERIAL
Abstract
Apparatus for transferring glass sheets comprises a sequence of
drive rollers above the transfer path and suction means arranged to
draw the sheets against the rollers so that the sheets are advanced
by the rollers. In order to release a sheet onto a stack, when the
sheet has reached a predetermined position along the path, suction
release means may be provided or mechanical means may be provided
to force the sheet away from the rollers.
Inventors: |
Branch; Geoffrey Hindle
(Golborne, Near Warrington, Lancashire, EN), Hall; James
Edward (Billinge, Near Wigan, Lancashire, EN) |
Assignee: |
Pilkington Brothers Limited
(Liverpool, Lancashire, EN)
|
Family
ID: |
10441142 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/073,032 |
Filed: |
September 17, 1970 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Sep 19, 1969 [GB] |
|
|
46409/69 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
414/752.1;
271/196; 414/793; 198/780; 294/65; 414/797 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65G
49/061 (20130101); B65G 57/04 (20130101); B65G
49/065 (20130101); B65G 21/2036 (20130101); B65G
49/068 (20130101); B65H 29/32 (20130101); B65H
5/222 (20130101); B65H 2404/154 (20130101); B65G
2249/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65G
13/00 (20060101); B65G 21/20 (20060101); B65H
5/22 (20060101); B65G 49/06 (20060101); B65G
49/05 (20060101); B66c 001/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;214/1BT,1BS,1BH,85D,6DS
;294/64R,65 ;271/27,74 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Sheridan; Robert G.
Assistant Examiner: Abraham; George F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Burns, Doane, Swecker &
Mathis
Claims
We claim:
1. Apparatus for transferring sheets of glass across an open space
defining a transfer path from a first location to a to a second
location comprising:
suction means mounted above the transfer path and extending between
those locations;
a series of driven rollers mounted in the suction means at a level
to project below the bottom of the suction means and each extending
transversely of the transfer path, the extent of which projection
is such that when a sheet is drawn by suction against the driven
rollers the gap between the upper face of the sheet and the bottom
of the suction means constitutes an air flow restrictor which
creates reduced pressure over the sheet to suctionally hold the
sheet against the rollers;
air flow restriction means in the suction means to restrict the
flow of air drawn between said driven rollers in the absence of a
sheet;
said suction means comprising a suction hood in the bottom of which
said series of driven rollers are housed, the hood having an open
bottom through which the driven rollers project;
division means in the hood defining a separate release chamber
adjacent the second location;
suction control means operable to cut off the suction when a sheet
has been transferred to a required second location so that the
sheet drops away from the drive elements at that location;
actuating means arranged to be actuated by movement of a sheet to
the second location; and
valve means controlled by the actuating means for cutting off the
suction in only a part of the suction hood associated with the
second location so as to release the sheet when it has reached the
second location.
2. Apparatus for transferring sheet material from a first location
to a second location comprising:
a suction hood mounted above the transfer path between those
locations which hood has an open bottom,
a series of driven rollers mounted in the open bottom of the
suction hood and projecting through that open bottom each roller
extending transversely of the transfer path,
a suction duct connected to the suction hood for applying suction
to the hood to create a reduced pressure over a sheet and thereby
draw the sheet against the driven rollers for advancement along the
transfer path,
division means in the hood defining a separate release chamber
adjacent the second location,
a damper member located in an aperture connecting said release
chamber to the main part of the suction hood, and
suction release actuating means connected to the damper means and
including a switch device positioned in the transfer path for
operation by a sheet as it advances to the second location to cause
the actuating means to close the damper member thereby cutting off
the suction only in the release chamber so as to release the sheet
when it has reached the second location.
3. Apparatus for transferring sheet material from a first location
to a second location comprising:
1. a suction hood mounted above the transfer path between those
locations which hood has an open bottom,
2. a suction duct connected to the suction hood for applying
suction to the hood to create a reduced pressure over a sheet,
3. a series of cylindrical driven rollers mounted in the open
bottom of the suction hood and projecting through that open bottom
each roller extending transversely of the transfer path, against
which rollers a sheet to be transferred is drawn by suction in the
hood,
a. the rollers being mounted in closely spaced relationship with
the outer driven rollers adjacent the end walls of the hood,
and
b. restricted gaps defined between the closely spaced rollers and
between the outer driven rollers and the end walls of the hood
acting to restrict air flow and prevent undesirably high air flow
when no sheet is present beneath the driven rollers,
4. a low resistance air flow passage defined adjacent one driven
roller at the beginning of the transfer path so that suction is
applied when a sheet bridges that passage and is released when the
trailing edge of the sheet passes said one roller thereby
depositing the sheet at the second location, and
5. a selectively operable restricting device mounted to restrict
said passage when it is required to transfer a sheet past the
second location.
4. Apparatus according to claim 3 in which the said one roller in
the suction hood comprises two spaced disc members together with an
adjustable damper member between them, the damper being adjustable
to alter the restriction of the air flow passage between the disc
members.
5. Apparatus according to claim 3 in which the gap between the said
one roller and the next roller in the suction hood is substantially
larger than the gap between other rollers in the hood and an
adjustable damper member is located in the larger gap.
6. Apparatus for transferring sheet material from a first location
to a second location comprising:
1. an open-bottomed suction hood mounted above the transfer path
between those locations,
2. a series of driven rollers mounted in the suction hood and
projecting through the open bottom of the hood each roller
extending transversely of the transfer path,
3. a suction duct connected to the suction hood to create a reduced
pressure over a sheet and thereby draw the sheet against the driven
rollers for advancing thereby along the transfer path, and
4. suction control means to release the suction when a sheet has
been transferred to a required second location so that the sheet
drops away from the driven rollers at that location, including
a. a plate mounted across the hood above the rollers which plate
has formed therein at spaced intervals suction paths to the chamber
thereby defined in the hood below the plate,
b. a plurality of baffle flaps each pivoted to the plate above one
of the rollers, which flaps are selectively movable to close the
space between the plate and the roller above which it is pivoted,
and thereby subdivide said chamber, the flap moved to the closed
position being selected so that the part of said chamber in which
suction is released is of length dependent on the length of the
sheet being transferred.
7. Apparatus for transferring sheet material from a first location
to a second location comprising:
1. an open-bottomed suction hood mounted above the transfer path
between those locations.
2. a series of driven rollers mounted in the suction hood and
projecting through the open bottom of the hood each roller
extending transversely of the transfer path,
3. a suction duct connected to the suction hood to create a reduced
pressure over a sheet and thereby draw the sheet against the driven
rollers for advancing thereby along the transfer path, and
4. suction control means to release the suction when a sheet has
been transferred to a required second location so that the sheet
drops away from the driven rollers at that location, including
a. a plate mounted across the hood above the rollers which plate
has formed therein at spaced intervals suction paths to the chamber
thereby defined in the head below the plate,
b. a slidable baffle member located between the tops of the rollers
and said plate and adjustable in position along the succession of
rollers to subdivide said chamber so that the part of said chamber
in which suction is released is of length dependent on the length
of the sheet being transferred.
8. Apparatus for transferring sheet material from a first location
to a seocnd location comprising:
1. a suction hood mounted above the transfer path between those
locations which hood has an open bottom,
2. a series of driven rollers mounted in the open bottom of a
suction hood and projecting through that open bottom each roller
extending transversely of the transfer path,
3. a suction duct connected to the suction hood for applying
suction to the hood to create a reduced pressure over a sheet and
thereby draw the sheet against the driven rollers for advancing
thereby along the transfer path,
4. means mounting the last drive roller at the second location for
vertical movement to a level below that of the other drive rollers,
and
5. actuating means connected to said means for vertically moving
the last drive roller arranged in the transfer path to be tripped
by a sheet being transferred towards the second location to
initiate the lowering of said last drive roller so that the sheet
is deposited at the second location.
9. Apparatus for transferring sheets of glass across an open space
defining a transfer path from a first location to a second location
comprising:
a suction hood mounted above the transfer path between those
locations, which hood has an open bottom;
a series of driven rollers mounted in the open bottom of the
suction hood and projecting through that open bottom, each roller
extending transversely of the transfer path;
a suction duct connected to the suction hood for applying suction
to the hood to create a reduced pressure over a sheet and thereby
draw the sheet against the driven rollers for advancement along the
transfer path;
division means in the hood defining a separate release chamber
adjacent to the second location;
actuating means arranged to be actuated by movement of a sheet to
the second location; and
valve means controlled by the actuating means and associated with
said separate release chamber for cutting off the suction in in the
release chamber to release a sheet which thereby drops away from
the driven rollers at the second location.
10. Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the suction hood
comprises a plurality of suction chambers each having an open
bottom which embraces a driven roller which is thereby housed
within its suction chamber and projects through the open bottom of
its chamber, each chamber being roofed by an apertured plate which
comprises air flow restriction means.
11. Apparatus for transferring sheet material from a first location
to a second location comprising:
a suction hood mounted above the transfer path between those
locations, which hood has an open bottom;
roller means including a series of driven rollers mounted in the
open bottom of the suction hood and projecting through that open
bottom, each roller extending transversely of the transfer
path;
a suction duct connected to the suction hood for applying suction
to the hood to create a reduced pressure over a sheet and thereby
draw the sheet against the driven rollers for advancement along the
transfer path; and
suction control means, icluding a low resistance suction air flow
passage adjacent an end roller, the low resistance air flow passage
cooperable with the suction hood, and responsive to the position of
a sheet for selectively creating and releasing suction in a portion
of the suction hood, and the suction control means being operable
during continuous application of suction to the hood by the suction
duct.
12. Apparatus according to claim 11 wherein the driven rollers are
cylindrical rollers mounted in closely spaced relationship with the
outer driven rollers adjacent the end walls of the suction hood,
the restricted gaps between adjacent driven rollers and between the
outer driven rollers and the end walls of the hood acting to
restrict air flow and prevent undesirably high air flow when no
sheet is present beneath the driven rollers.
13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12 in which a low resistance air
flow passage is provided adjacent one driven roller at the
beginning of the path through the suction hood so that suction is
applied when a sheet bridges the low resistance passage adjacent
the said one roller but is released when the trailing edge of the
sheet passes the said one roller, thereby depositing the sheet at
the second location.
14. Apparatus according to claim 11, including an apertured air
flow restrictor plate mounted across the hood above the rollers and
a plurality of flexible flaps depending from the restrictor plate
onto the driven rollers to isolate the space between adjacent
driven rollers from each other, the restrictor plate being formed
with apertures associated with each isolated space.
15. Apparatus according to claim 14 in which a low resistance air
flow passage is provided adjacent one roller at the beginning of
the path through the hood so that suction is applied when a sheet
bridges the low resistance passage but is released when the
trailing edge of the sheet passes the said one roller.
16. Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said suction control
means is operable to cut off the suction when a sheet has been
transferred to a required second location so that the sheet drops
away from the driven rollers at that location.
17. Apparatus according to claim 16 in which a plate is mounted
across the hood above the rollers, suction paths being provided at
spaced positions to the chamber below the plate, and baffle means
being interposable between a selected roller and the plate between
the said suction paths so as to subdivide the suction chamber below
the plate and prevent suction being released in one part of the
chamber when suction is released in the other part of the chamber.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the transferring of sheet material, for
example glass sheets from a first location to a second location.
More especially the invention relates to the stacking of sheets
which are being fed in succession along a conveyor to a stacking
station, or to the unstacking of a stack of sheets one-by-one and
transferring those sheets to a conveyor by which they are
transferred to a further treatment.
It is a main object of the present invention to provide an improved
apparatus and method for transferring sheet material by a suction
arrangement in which sheets are lifted and conveyed by suction
applied to the upper surface of the sheets. The invention also
relates to means for releasing the suction when required to lower a
sheet onto a stack of sheets.
SUMMARY
The invention provides an advance in the automatic transfer of
glass sheets from one location to another. A succession of drive
members are arranged above the transfer path and suction means is
provided above the transfer path and arranged to operate so that
suction is applied between the drive members to draw the sheets
against the drive members. In this way the sheets are advanced by
the drive members while suctionally held against the lower surfaces
of the drive members. This enables improved selective stacking of
the sheets when the transfer path passes over one or more stacking
stations. If a sheet is to be stacked, means is provided to release
the sheet from the drive members when in a required position so
that the sheet falls onto the stack. The means for releasing the
sheet may comprise means for terminating the suction effect
adjacent the drive members holding the sheet. Alternatively a
mechanical device may be provided to force the sheet away from the
drive members.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevation of one embodiment of apparatus according
to the invention for transferring glass sheets from a first
conveyor to a second conveyor,
FIG. 2 is a front elevation of the apparatus of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is an underneath view of the suction arrangements of the
apparatus of FIGS. 1 and 2,
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 of a modification of the
apparatus of FIGS. 1 to 3,
FIG. 5 is a side elevation partly in section of another embodiment
according to the invention of apparatus for transferring glass
sheets from one conveyor to a second conveyor,
FIG. 6 is a front elevation of the apparatus of FIG. 5,
FIG. 7 is a sectional side elevation of yet another apparatus
according to the invention for transferring glass sheets,
FIG. 8 is a side elevation partly in section of yet another
apparatus according to the invention for transferring glass
sheets,
FIG. 9 illustrates the application of one embodiment of suction
apparatus according to the invention for transferring glass sheets
to a stacking location,
FIG. 10 is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 9,
FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 9 of yet another apparatus for
transferring glass sheets to a stacking station,
FIG. 12 is a side elevation showing another embodiment of the
invention as applied to the selective stacking of sheets at a
plurality of stacking stations,
FIG. 13 is a side elevation of part of another embodiment of the
invention which may be used with a stacking arrangement of the type
shown in FIG. 12,
FIG. 14 is a half plan view of the part of the embodiment shown in
FIG. 13,
FIG. 15 is a diagrammatic view of control apparatus used with the
embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 and 14,
FIG. 16 is a side elevation of another embodiment of the invention
for use in stacking glass sheets,
FIG. 17 is a side elevation of yet another embodiment of the
invention for use in stacking glass sheets,
FIG. 18 is a perspective view of part of the apparatus shown in
FIG. 17, and
FIG. 19 shows an alternative construction for part of the apparatus
shown in FIG. 17.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the drawings like references indicate the same or similar
parts.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings there is shown a
conveyor for glass sheets comprising a series of rotatable rollers
which are driven in known manner and by known means to feed glass
sheets supported thereon horizontally to a transfer station
generally indicated at 2. The last rollers 1 constitute a first
location from which glass sheets are to be transferred to a second
location constituted by the first rollers indicated at 14 of a
further conveyor. The conveyor rollers 1 and 14 are carried by a
common bed 13. The rollers 14 are also driven so as to convey a
sheet when transferred to those rollers rapidly away from the
transfer station. A vertically adjustable stacking table or the
like may be located below the transfer station 2 so that glass
sheets may, when desired, be transferred from the conveyor rollers
1 to the stack or taken from the stack and transferred to the
conveyor rollers 14.
At the transfer station there is mounted a series of driven
horizontal rollers 3 which are mounted in bearings depending from a
bracket 4 so that the lower faces of the rollers 3 are spaced along
and above the path of travel of the glass sheets. All the rollers
1, 3 and 14 may be of known form, being generally cylindrical with
spaced projecting rings of a suitable material for example rubber
which engage the glass sheets being fed. The peripheries of the
rollers which contact the glass sheets are thus the peripheries of
the projecting rings. The rollers may be of plain cylindrical form
however.
At the transfer station in the space between each pair of
successive driven rollers 3 is a suction chamber 5 the lower end of
which is shaped as shown in FIG. 1 to fit closely to but not to be
in contact with the periphery of the rollers 3. The lower end of
each suction chamber has spread hood-like form as shown in FIG. 2.
Each suction chamber has a bottom wall formed by horizontal plates
6, shown in FIG. 3 having holes 7. The bottom surface of each plate
is at a level slightly above, for example 1.2 mms. above the level
of the lowermost point of the peripheries of the rollers 3. The
suction chambers 5 communicate through respective ducts 8 to a
common suction manifold connected by a duct 10 to a fan unit, not
shown.
The rollers 3 are driven to rotate in any convenient manner. For
example there may be a chain drive connection between the rollers
3, the rollers carrying suitable sprockets 11, FIG. 2, to provide
the common drive connection while one of the rollers has a
projecting drive shaft carrying a drive gear 12. The bracket 4 is
supported from the bed 13 by support struts which have been omitted
for the sake of clarity.
Glass sheets are fed in spaced succession on the driven roller
conveyor 1 to the transfer station. Suction applied to the suction
chambers 5 causes a glass sheet S as it travels beneath the rollers
3 at the first location constituted by the end rollers 1 of the
driven conveyor, to be suctionally held with its upper face in
engagement with the peripheries of the rollers 3. The presence of
the sheet near the bottom faces of the suction chambers provides a
restriction to air flow offered by the restricted gaps between the
glass sheet and the bottom of the first suction chamber, so that a
reduced pressure is created over the sheet causing the sheet to be
lifted onto the first roller and thereafter to be held against the
rollers 3 which are driven to transfer that sheet to be deposited
on the rollers 14 at the second location as the sheet moves beyond
the effective range of the applied suction and falls under gravity
onto the surfaces of the rollers 14. Alternatively, when the sheet
is immediately below the transfer station, the suction may be
temporarily stopped to release the sheet onto a stacking table.
The height of the lower surfaces of the rollers 3 above the level
of the rollers 1 is dependent on the application to which the
apparatus is to be put. If the apparatus is required merely to
transfer glass sheets of one set thickness the difference in level
between the uppermost points of the peripheries of the rollers 1
and the lowermost points of the peripheries of the rollers 3 is
theoretically only the sheet thickness but in practice slightly
greater than the sheet thickness. If the apparatus is to transfer
sheets of different thicknesses without adjusting the level of the
rollers 3 for each thickness then the difference in level is
slightly greater than the thickness of the thickest sheets which
are to be transferred. If the apparatus is to effect a
predetermined lift of the sheet it transfers for example to carry
it over an obstacle then the difference in level is set
accordingly.
Where the difference in level is not excessive the suction applied
to the glass sheet is normally sufficient to effect the initial
lifting of the sheet into engagement with the driven rollers 3. If
the level difference is too great however to permit the suction to
effect the initial lifting, means may be provided for initially
lifting the sheet into effective range of suction action, that is
sufficiently close to the lower surfaces of the suction chamber to
provide the necessary reduced pressure to draw the sheet into
engagement with the rollers 3. For example the downstream roller or
rollers of the conveyor 1 may be mounted for vertical movement to
lift a sheet supported thereon into the ambience of the suction at
the transfer station as the leading edge of the sheet moves beneath
the first of the suction chambers.
The disengagement of the sheet from the rollers 3 may be effected
solely by gravity as the sheet moves out of the effective range of
the applied suction and falls under its own weight for example onto
the rollers 14. Alternatively the deposition of the sheet may be
assisted mechanically for example by means of a roller or rollers
mounted at the end of the transfer station adjacent the second
position slightly below the level of the rollers 3 so that it
prises the sheet away from the suction action and removes the
restriction to air flow thus breaking the suction action. Such a
downstream roller or rollers may be fixed to the bracket 4 slightly
below the level of the rollers 3 or may be mounted on a subsidiary
frame which can be moved vertically relative to the brackets 4 to
lower those rollers thereby prising the sheet away from the rollers
3. The movement of such a subsidiary frame may be actuated by a
limit switch tripped by a leading edge, or released by the clearing
edge of the sheet being transferred as it moves beyond the
downstream end of the transfer station. Alternatively the suction
may be cut off from at least the downstream suction chamber or
chambers when the sheet is beneath those chambers. This cutting off
of the suction can be controlled for example by a limit switch
actuated by the travelling sheet and operative to open the chamber
or chambers to atmosphere. In another method of operation the
deposition of a sheet may be pneumatically assisted by a suitably
placed air blowing nozzle or nozzles or even by reversing the air
flow through at least the downstream chamber or chambers 5 so that
air is blown through the bottom of those chambers to break the
suction and thereby permit the sheet to fall. This air flow from
these chambers would also assist in pushing the sheet downwardly
onto the rollers 14 at the second location.
FIG. 4 illustrates a modified form of base plate for the suction
chambers. Instead of being provided with equi-spaced holes 7, the
base plate of each chamber is formed with a slot 15 extending
parallel to the rollers 3. FIG. 4 also illustrates additional
rollers 16 mounted within the suction chambers 5 with their
peripheries projecting slightly through the slots 15 so that the
lowermost points of the peripheries of the rollers 16 are level
with the lowermost points of the rollers 3. The additional rollers
16 are in some applications desirable to assist in preventing
contact between the upper surface of a glass sheet being
transferred and the suction chamber 5, particularly when the sheets
are relatively thin and therefore flexible. The rollers 16 are
driven from the same drive as the rollers 3 or may be idler
rollers. When these rollers 16 are idler rollers a better drive of
the glass sheet can usually be achieved if the rollers 16 are set
with their lowermost points of their peripheries at a level very
slightly above that of the lowermost points of the peripheries of
the rollers 3.
FIGS. 5 and 6 show another embodiment of transfer apparatus
according to the invention comprising a series of rollers 17
similar to the rollers 3 and mounted to be driven together in a
series of suction chambers 18 of generally hood-like form. Each
roller 17 is mounted in its own suction chamber at a level such
that the peripheries of the rollers project slightly through
openings 19 in the bases of these suction chambers. The suction
chambers are separated in the hood from each other by partitions
18a and the projecting rings of the rollers project through the
base openings of the suction chamber.
The rollers are driven by a suitable chain drive connecting round
sprockets 20 on the roller shafts which sprockets are mounted
outside the suction hood. One shaft carries a drive gear 21 for
connection to an external drive.
The suction chambers 18 communicate with a common canopy 22 leading
to a suction duct 23, and the roof of each of the individual
suction chambers 18 is formed with a flow restrictor slot 24 of
suitable value to prevent unduly high air flow when no glass sheet
is present beneath the suction chambers. When a sheet is present
the application of suction to the duct 23 creates a reduced
pressure around the rollers 17 so that the sheet is suctionally
held against those rollers and is moved forward thereby to the
second location.
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of transfer apparatus similar to
that of FIGS. 5 and 6. The individual suction chambers are
dispensed with and the driven rollers 17 are housed in a common
suction hood 18b which forms the downward extension of a canopy 22
leading to the suction duct 23. In this embodiment the rollers 17
are plain cylindrical rollers and are closely spaced with the outer
drive rollers adjacent the end walls of the suction hood. The
restricted gap between adjacent rollers 17 and between the outer
rollers and the end walls of the suction hood act to restrict air
flow and thereby prevent undesirably high air flow when no sheet is
present beneath the rollers 17. The gaps between the peripheries of
adjacent rollers 17 and between those rollers and the end walls of
the hood are of a size such that the restriction to air flow
afforded thereby is of the same order as that afforded by the gap
between the upper surface of a glass sheet being transferred and
the lower edges of the walls of the suction hood 18. The rollers 17
may project from the bottom of the suction hood by a distance of
about 1.2 mms. When a glass sheet is beneath a part of the hood and
effectively bridges a space between adjacent rollers a reduced
pressure is created in the space bounded by the rollers and the
glass sheet and the sheet is suctionally held against the rollers
17.
FIG. 8 shows how the simplified apparatus of FIG. 7 may be modified
to provide more individual suction connection to the spaces between
adjacent rollers. An air flow restrictor plate 24 is provided
having restrictor holes 24a formed so as to be positioned over the
spaces between adjacent rollers and between the end rollers and the
end walls of the hood 18. A plurality of flexible flaps 24b are
provided mounted on and depending from the plate 24 so as to rest
on the drive rollers 17. In this way the spaces between adjacent
rollers 17 and between the upstream and downstream rollers and the
adjacent end walls of the hood 18 are effectively isolated from
each other. The flaps 24b are sufficiently stiff to prevent undue
air flow between each flap and the roller on which it rests.
FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate the stacking of sheets employing
apparatus according to the invention. Glass sheets are conveyed
along a roller conveyor 25 to a position beneath transfer apparatus
according to the invention which is generally indicated at 26. This
transfer apparatus has the construction illustrated in FIGS. 1 to
3. At the first location on the conveyor 25 beneath the transfer
apparatus 26 glass sheets are sucked against the rollers 3 and are
transferred thereby in a direction normal to their direction of
travel on the conveyor 25 to a second location constituted as a
stacking station generally indicated at 27.
At the stacking station 27 there is a receiving table 28 above
which the end rollers 3 are mounted on a vertically movable frame
29 which may be moved by an actuating mechanism so that the rollers
3 on the frame 29 project below the level of the lowermost point of
the peripheries of the other rollers 3. As a glass sheet is
transferred in the direction of the arrow towards the stacking
station its leading edge engages beneath the rollers on the frame
29 which mechanically prise it from the suction action of the
transfer apparatus thus breaking the suction and permitting the
sheet to fall towards the receiving table. A fixed stop 30 which
has a rubber facing is positioned to be engaged by the leading edge
of the sheet being deposited onto the table. This arrests the
sheets momentum and to some extent ensures that the sheets are
lined up in the stack on the stacking table. The driving
connections for the rollers on the frame 29 are arranged to
accommodate the vertical movement of the frame.
Instead of using rollers on the frame 29 other arrangements may be
provided to break the suction. The sheets may be deposited by
breaking the suction supply to the downstream suction chambers.
In operation glass sheets are fed in succession along the conveyor
25 to the first location beneath the transfer apparatus 26 where a
limit switch 40 engaged by the leading edge of each sheet stops the
drive to the conveyor 25. Suction is then applied to the transfer
apparatus 26 so that the sheet is lifted and suctionally held in
engagement with the rollers 3 which are then driven to transfer the
sheet to the second location at the stacking station. The sheets
fall in turn onto the receiving table 28 and as each sheet is
deposited the conveyor 25 is restarted to bring the next beneath
the suction transfer apparatus. As each sheet falls onto the
receiving table, the table is lowered in known stepwise manner by
the thickness of one sheet at a time so that each sheet deposited
from the transfer apparatus falls only a short distance and a stack
of sheets is gradually built up on the table. When a stack is
complete it is removed from the table for packing or warehousing
and the table is raised to its uppermost position for the formation
of a further stack. In addition to the stop 30 other devices for
example air jets may be provided to align successive sheets
correctly as they are formed into a stack and if desired a
separating material for example wood flour may be blown onto the
surface of each sheet as it is stacked so as to avoid abrasive
friction between successive sheets. The conveyor 25 may feed single
sheets in succession or may feed batches of sheets placed
side-by-side on the conveyor, each batch comprising a plurality of
sheets. In this case the transfer apparatus simultaneously picks up
all the sheets of a batch and transfers those sheets in succession
to the stacking station.
FIG. 11 illustrates a stacking arrangement in which the conveyor 25
is in line with the transfer apparatus and the stacking station.
With this arrangement the conveyor 25 is continuously operable and
suction is continuously applied to the transfer apparatus which is
arranged so that its rollers 3 feed the sheets forwardly at the
same speed as the speed of the sheets on the conveyor 25.
FIG. 12 illustrates a selective stacking arrangement in which the
transfer apparatus 26 extends over a plurality of stacking stations
indicated at 31, 32 and 33 at which the sheets are selectively
deposited on a size basis. Each station has a detecting device 34
which detects the size of a sheet being fed by the transfer
apparatus 26 by engagement of the leading and trailing edges of the
sheet. Each detecting device is connected to a control station
whose output is connected to means for operating a vertically
movable frame 35 carrying the end rollers 3 above each station so
that those rollers are movable from a raised position in line with
the rest of the transfer rollers 3 to a depressed position below
the level of the lowermost points of the peripheries of the other
transfer rollers 3. When a detector device 34 detects that the
sheet being transferred is of a size destined for its associated
stacking station the control means to which it is connected
depresses the associated frame 35 so that the sheet is prised from
the suction over the stacking station and deposited at that
station.
Other arrangements as previously described may be utilised for
depositing a sheet at the appropriate stacking station.
This station selective deposition of sheets may be automatically
controlled or may be controlled by an operator from a control
panel. One of the stacking stations may be reserved for faulty or
damaged sheets and automatic inspecting means may be embodied in
the transfer apparatus to detect such sheets and to control the
apparatus so that such sheets are deposited at the reserve
station.
It is usual to deposit the sheets at appropriate stations on a size
selective basis. There are preferably at least two stacking
stations for each sheet size so that the sheets of a given size can
continue to be fed to one station shile a stack of sheets of that
size is being removed from the other station.
The transfer apparatus 26 in FIGS. 9 and 10 may take any of the
forms illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 or FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 or FIGS. 5
and 6 or FIG. 7 or FIG. 8.
In the drawings FIGS. 9, 10, 11 and 12 show mechanical arrangements
for breaking the suction to release a sheet. However, FIGS. 13, 14
and 15 show a preferred arrangement in which the deposit of a glass
sheet is effected by controlling the suction applied to the sheet.
FIG. 13 shows part of a transfer apparatus for use in a selective
stacking arrangement of the type shown in FIG. 12 in which a
plurality of stacking stations are provided. The part of the
apparatus shown in FIG. 13 is for use above one of the stacking
stations, similar transfer apparatus being provided above each of
the other stacking stations. In use a succession of glass sheets
are moved in the direction of the arrow by the driven transfer
rollers 3. The sheets are held against the lower peripheries of the
rollers 3 by suction. The rollers 3 are mounted within a suction
chamber having a roof 50. Openings 51 and 52 are provided in the
roof above the rollers and suction is applied to the openings from
a hood (not shown) similar to that used in FIGS. 7 and 8. The
rollers 3 are closely spaced so that the gaps between the rollers
provide restrictions to the flow of air when there is no glass
sheet below the rollers. Mounted on the underside of the roof 50
are a number of flaps 53 pivotally mounted on shafts 49 which may
be selectively rotated and held in position by spring plungers 54
(FIG. 14) so that one flap is lowered, as indicated at 53a, to lie
closely adjacent the roller beneath it and thereby effectively seal
off a portion of the suction chamber between the flap 53a and a
fixed sealing flap 54 located at the end of the suction chamber
closely above one of the rollers 3. The flap 53 which is lowered is
selected in accordance with the length of glass being used so that
the distance between the flaps 54 and 53a is approximately equal to
one sheet length. As a glass sheet travels beneath the rollers 3 it
is held against the rollers by suction which exists on both sides
of the flap 53a due to the two openings 51 and 52. As the sheet
moves forward, its leading edge trips a limit switch 55 (FIG. 15)
which actuates a pneumatic cylinder controlling a rotatable damper
56 located in the opening 51. The damper 56 moves so as to cut off
the application of suction through the opening 51 and air then
flows past the sheet and between the rollers 3 to release the
vacuum in the portion of the suction chamber between the flaps 53a
and 54. The limit switch 55 is positioned so that the vacuum is
released when the sheet lies immediately below the portion of the
suction chamber between the flaps 53a and 54. In this way
successive sheets may be dropped accurately in position onto a
stacking table or trolley 57 so as to form a stack of sheets 58
with the leading edges of the sheets against a stop 30 as indicated
in FIG. 15.
When the vacuum between the flaps 53a and 54 is released the air
flow into that part of the suction chamber is very rapid and has
the effect of pushing the sheet downwardly. The purpose of
splitting the suction chamber into two parts by lowering one of the
flaps 53 is that when the suction is released in the part of the
suction chamber to the left of the lowered flap, the suction is
maintained in the chamber to the right of the lowered flap due to
the opening 52. Consequently, while one sheet is being dropped onto
the stack, other sheets to the right of the lowered flap are still
held against the rollers by suction. If a sheet moving past the
rollers is not required on that stack, the damper 56 is not moved
to release the suction so that the sheet continues to be
suctionally supported and moves on to a similar transfer apparatus
above the next stacking station.
As is shown in the plan view of FIG. 14, the apparatus includes a
number of horizontal channels arranged side by side in one integral
unit, each channel being as shown in FIG. 13. FIG. 14 shows only
half the width of the entire apparatus and this half includes four
channels 60, 61, 62 and 63. Vertical partitions 64, 65 and 66
extend horizontally and provide separate suction chambers for the
various channels. The dampers 56 for each channel are mounted on a
common shaft and the shafts 49 for the pivoted flaps 53 extend
across all the channels. In this way the position of the dampers 56
and flaps 53 is always the same in each channel. By subdividing the
suction area into a number of separate narrow channels, different
widths of glass sheet can be handled. The spacing between the
partitions 64, 65 and 66 is one half the narrowest sheet width to
be handled so that for all sheets used, at least half the sheet
area is subject to the suction action.
FIG. 15 shows mechanical pushers 70 arranged to be moved by double
acting pneumatic cylinders 71. The pushers 70 engage the rear edge
of each sheet as it is dropped onto the stack 58 so as to overcome
any bounce back from the fixed stop 30. The cylinders 71 are
supplied by air pipes 72 connected to a four way solenoid valve 73.
The solenoid valve 73 is connected to an air supply by pipes 74 via
a filter 75, regulator 76 and lubricator 77. The limit switch 55 is
connected to a control unit 78 connected to a D.C. electrical
supply via terminals 79. The control unit 78 provides one output at
terminals 80 for connection to a solenoid valve controlling the
operation of the dampers 56 in dependance on the operation of the
switch 55. A second delayed output is provided at terminals 81
connected to the solenoid valve 73 to control operation of the
pneumatic cylinders 71.
The example shown in FIG. 16 is basically similar to that shown in
FIG. 8. Each roller 3 in the hood, except the first roller 3a, has
associated with it a flexible felt flap 80 engaging the periphery
of the roller so as to provide a separate suction chamber with a
separate suction aperture for each roller. The first roller 3a is a
driven roller but it is narrow and is tyred. Above the roller 3a is
an opening 81 providing very low restriction to air flow. In
operation, as a glass sheet travels beneath the rollers in the
direction of the arrow A, it bridges the gap between the first
roller 3a and the next roller 3, and thereby provides a restriction
to air flow so that suction is applied over all the rollers and the
sheet is suctionally held thereto. When the trailing edge of the
sheet travels past the first roller 3a and ceases to provide such
restriction to air flow, the low restriction opening 81 permits a
high air flow so as to reduce the vacuum over the other rollers and
the glass sheet drops onto the stack 58. Size adjustment flaps 53
are provided for the same reason as previously described with
reference to FIG. 13. Each flap 53 is housed in a separate chamber
and when lowered block off a hole in the side wall of the chamber.
In this way suction is not released for rollers supporting a sheet
to the right of the lowered flap. An adjustable restrictor 82 is
provided above the low restriction opening 81 so that the required
air flow can be adjusted. A damper 56 is provided in the opening 81
so that when it is required that a sheet pass on without depositing
on the stack 58, the damper 56 may be moved by a pneumatic cylinder
to restrict the opening 81. The drop-off effect previously
described will not then occur. FIG. 16 also shows air nozzles 83
for directing air between the top of the stack 58 and the next
sheet dropping onto the stack.
FIG. 17 shows a further embodiment in which the suction is released
by passage of the trailing edge of the sheet over the first roller
in the suction chamber. The operation is generally similar to that
described with reference to FIG. 16. In this case the damper is
provided on the first roller 3b which is shown more clearly in FIG.
18. The roller 3b comprises two freely rotatable discs 85 and 86
with the valve damper plate 87 located between them. A pneumatic
cylinder 88 and crank connection is provided to move the plate 87
between open and closed positions. An adjustable low restriction
opening 90 is provided above the first roller 3b. With the damper
87 open, air flows past the plate 87 when the trailing edge of a
sheet clears it, thereby releasing the vaccum over the rollers 3
and permitting the sheet to drop onto the stack. When the damper is
closed, or nearly closed, a high restriction to air flow is
provided and the sheet does not drop off. In this case, the
previously described size adjusting flaps 53 are replaced by an
adjustment rod 91 carrying a baffle 92 at one end. The rod is moved
axially to locate the baffle 92 at the required position depending
on the length of sheet being used. The baffle 92 thereby separates
the suction chamber into two parts. One part has the aperture 90
and the second part has an adjustable suction aperture 93 on the
opposite side of the baffle 92. Suction is not released in the
second part of the suction chamber when the sheet drops off onto
the stack.
In the arrangement shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the first roller 3b is
not driven. In an alternative construction, the roller 3b of FIGS.
17 and 18 may be replaced by the arrangement shown in FIG. 19. In
this case the first roller 3c is driven and is a smooth cylinder
the same as the other rollers 3. However it is spaced from the next
roller by a distance sufficient to provide a low restriction to air
flow and the damper valve plate 94 is located between the first and
second rollers so that it can be operated to increase the
restriction to air flow when a sheet is to be transferred and not
deposited. The operation of the modification shown in FIG. 19 is
otherwise the same as already described with reference to FIG.
17.
It will be understood that the examples of FIGS. 16-19 may be used
in selective stacking arrangements with a plurality of stacking
stations of the type shown in FIG. 12. Furthermore, in each case,
the complete apparatus includes a number of parallel channels with
partitions providing separate suction chambers spaced across the
conveyor, as is described with reference to FIG. 14.
The invention thus provides an improved glass sheet transferring
apparatus for particular application in automatic warehousing for
the selection and stacking of glass sheets on a size selective
basis.
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