U.S. patent number 3,848,615 [Application Number 05/328,749] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-19 for collapsible and foldable shelter.
Invention is credited to Gerhardt Allan Warner, Kurt E. Warner.
United States Patent |
3,848,615 |
Warner , et al. |
November 19, 1974 |
COLLAPSIBLE AND FOLDABLE SHELTER
Abstract
A coil of spring wire or similar material is provided with a
flexible cover attached to the coils and the individual coils are
secured together at the bases thereof. When erected, a segmented
enclosure is formed with the open ends on the ground. The ends are
held in contact with the ground by the weight of the coil and due
to the holding together of the individual coils at the bases
thereof. Access can be by lifting either end assisted by the slight
torsion and for storage the coils are moved to an overlapping flat
position whereupon one side of the folded coils may be moved
towards the other and the coils twisted to form a figure 8. The
ends of the figure 8 are then overlapped one with the other to make
a circle of approximately half the diameter of the individual coil
diameter at which time ties are provided to hold the coils in the
folded position for storage and transportation purposes.
Alternatively, the device may be in any orientation in space and
may be any part or all of a segment of a torus.
Inventors: |
Warner; Gerhardt Allan
(Winnipeg, Manitoba, CA), Warner; Kurt E. (Winnipeg,
Manitoba, CA) |
Family
ID: |
23282269 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/328,749 |
Filed: |
February 1, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
135/132; D25/21;
D25/33; D25/56 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04H
15/40 (20130101); E04H 15/38 (20130101); E04G
21/28 (20130101); E04G 21/242 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E04G
21/24 (20060101); E04H 15/34 (20060101); E04G
21/28 (20060101); E04H 15/38 (20060101); E04H
15/40 (20060101); A45f 001/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;135/1R,3R,4A,4R,7.1R,5B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Franklin; Jordan
Assistant Examiner: Berman; Conrad L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Ade; Stanley G.
Claims
What we claim as our invention is:
1. A collapsible and foldable enclosure comprising in combination a
continuous helical coil spring forming a frame and a flexible cover
secured to the individual coils of said coil spring, and means to
hold parts of said individual coils together on common parts of the
perimeter thereof and in consecutive order, said means includes at
least one tie member engaging around said common parts of said
individual coils, all of said coils passing through said tie member
in consecutive order, whereby said frame can be moved from between
the open position with the ends engaging a surface thus forming a
partial torus, and the closed position with the individual coils in
an overlapping relationship of substantially circular
configuration, and means to secure said cover to said individual
coils thereby defining gores between said individual coils, said
continuous helical coil spring transferring the gravitational and
aerodynamic load from one individual coil to the other individual
coils.
2. The shelter according to claim 1 in which said means to secure
said cover to each individual coil includes at least one pocket
formed on the surface of said cover, a portion of said coil passing
through said pocket.
3. The shelter according to claim 1 in which said means to hold the
common parts together includes a tube having a substantially
elliptical cross section, all of said common parts of said
individual coils passing through said tube in consecutive
order.
4. The shelter according to claim 1 in which the ends of said frame
are engaged one with the other when in the open position thus
forming a complete torus, and means to detachably secure said ends
together.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to new and useful improvements in
collapsible and foldable shelters or containers such as
granaries.
It is well known to have individual hoops made out of steel,
plastic or some fairly rigid material and which are then covered
with a skin or cover of flexible material. The hoops are stored
flat and when in use are fanned out to form the shelter. Each hoop
is normally separate and locks into a hinge or socket so that the
hoops form the frame and the material covering the frame forms the
protective covering. Shelters of this type are however,
unsatisfactory for many applications because the frame lacks
rigidity and is costly to manufacture. Furthermore, it is
inconvenient to enter or leave such a shelter as a relatively large
portion of the weight of the hoops and cover have to be elevated so
that the person can enter or exit. Furthermore, such devices do not
fold up easily into a relatively small space for storage and
transportation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention overcomes disadvantages inherent with this
type of shelter by utilizing a continuous helical coil spring for a
frame and covering same with a flexible material. By holding the
bases of the individual coils together, slight torsion is provided
to the structure when open so that the ends can readily be elevated
for access and exit purposes and are held firmly in position by the
weight of the frame structure. The stresses are induced in the
frame of a continuous helical coil spring, with one part of the
coil circles confined or held together. When the individual coils
are fanned out to form a torus or segment thereof, the induced
stresses tend to make the frame rigid.
The principal object and essence of the invention is therefore to
provide a foldable and collapsible shelter or container which is
readily erected to cover a variety of objects or to provide
protection for work in progress under any circumstances.
Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the
character herewithin described which can readily be folded up into
a relatively small size for storage and transportation
purposes.
Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the
character herewithin described which can be made in a plurality of
sizes depending upon design parameters.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a device of
the character herewithin described which is simple in construction,
economical in manufacture, and otherwise well suited to the purpose
for which it is designed.
With the foregoing objects in view and other such objects and
advantages as will become apparent to those skilled in the art to
which this invention relates as this specification proceeds, my
invention consists essentially in the arrangement and construction
of parts all as hereinafter more particularly described, reference
being had to the accompanying drawings in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic side elevation of the shelter in the erected
position.
FIG. 2 is an end view of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a section along the line 3--3 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a section similar to FIG. 3 but showing the preferred
embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary section showing one method of
securing the cover to the frame.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the shelter in the collapsed
position.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the shelter partly erected.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the shelter almost fully
erected.
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary side elevation showing one method of
securing the bases of the coils together.
FIG. 10 is a view similar to FIG. 9 but showing an alternative
method.
FIGS. 11 to 15 are schematic views showing how the shelter is
folded for storage and transportation purposes.
FIG. 16 is a plan sectional view substantially along the line
16--16 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 17 is an isometric view of the shelter erected.
FIG. 18 is a plan view of a full torus configuration reduced in
scale with respect to the other views.
In the drawings like characters of reference indicate corresponding
parts in the different figures.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Proceeding therefore to describe the invention in detail, the
shelter consists of a frame collectively designated 20 and a cover
21. While the drawings show the device with the open ends engaging
the ground, nevertheless this should not be construed as limiting
as the device can be in any orientation in space as exemplified by
FIG. 18.
The frame is formed from a continuous length or strand of resilient
or spring like material such as wire, plastic or the like formed in
a helical coil spring formation, it being understood that the
degree of resiliency is controlled by the design of the frame.
The frame thus formed is made up of a plurality of individual coils
22 and these coils are held at the bases or by common parts thereof
by means of 23 and shown in detail in FIGS. 3 and 4.
In FIG. 3 this means takes the form of a length of pipe or tube 24
and each base or common part of each individual coil is threaded
through this pipe so that they are held together in a relatively
planar configuration between the ends of the pipe 24.
The preferred embodiment is shown in FIGS. 4 and 10 under which
circumstances the bases or common parts of the individual coils 22
are held by tie means 24 which may take the form of hog rings or
flexible ties as desired. These ties are spaced apart one from the
other as clearly shown in FIG. 4.
In order to provide for smooth rotation for all of the individual
coils to pass through the tube 24 in correct sequence shown in FIG.
3, this tube may be flattened as shown in FIG. 10. Also the hog
rings may be numerous and flattened to allow individual coils to
follow each other in planned sequence for smooth rotation.
The frame 20 is covered by a flexible cover 21 which may take the
form of a mesh, plastic sheet, film or canvas or the like depending
upon the application. In any event means are provided to secure the
frame to the cover which, in this embodiment, take the form of a
plurality of pockets or loops 26 secured to the inner surface 27 of
the cover material 21, through which the individual coils 22 of the
frame are threaded during manufacture so that a tube of cover
material covers the entire frame so that the cover is formed in a
plurality of gores or panels 27' between adjacent individual coils
22. However, any convenient method may be used and the drawings
show one example. If the skin or cover consists of a plurality of
gores sewn together then the attaching means should follow the seam
lines for strength. Alternatively the cover may be secured to the
inside of the frame if desired.
With the bases of the individual coils being held together as
hereinbefore described, stress or torsion is inducted within the
coil forming the frame 20 so that it may be opened out to the
position shown in FIGS. 1 and 17 under which circumstances the
substantially circular ends 28 of the structure engage the ground
or supporting surface as shown in the drawings, as shown in FIG.
18, or in the case of a complete torus, neither end engages the
ground but the ends engage each other as at 28A.
Access may be obtained by lifting one end or the other assisted by
the torsion of the spring coil frame and this, of course, engages
the ground once again when released due to the weight thereof or by
a door in the skin (not illustrated).
Considerable area is provided depending of course upon the diameter
of the individual coils 22 and the area covered may take the form
shown in the plan view in FIG. 16.
With either method of holding the bases or common parts together,
the structure may be folded to the position shown in FIG. 6 by
lifting one end and moving it from the position shown in FIG. 8
through the position shown in FIG. 7 to the position shown in FIG.
6. If the tube construction is used shown in FIGS. 3 and 9, then a
tie may engage around the upper ends or sides of the frame, said
tie being illustrated by reference character 29 in FIG. 6.
However, if the desired embodiment is used as illustrated in FIGS.
4 and 10, the structure may be folded further to make a smaller
package for transportation and storage purposes.
Under these circumstances, the shelter is laid flat as shown in
FIG. 11 (corresponding to the position shown in FIG. 6) and a tie
29 may be placed around the upper end as hereinbefore
described.
The structure is then raised upon one side and the upper side is
urged downwardly towards the lower side in the position shown in
FIG. 12. Due to the inherent characteristics of a circle of spring
like material, this frame may then be turned into a figure 8
configuration illustrated in FIG. 13.
Once in this position, the individual loops 30 and 31 of the figure
8 may be overlapped one with the other as shown in FIG. 14 thus
terminating in the configuration shown in FIG. 15 whereupon a
further tie 32 may be provided adjacent the areas where these
sections of the coils overlap one another.
In order to erect the shelter, tie 32 is released and, with care
being taken, the structure is moved through the position shown in
FIG. 14 to the position shown in FIG. 13 whereupon the first tie 29
is removed and the structure allowed to assume the position shown
in FIG. 12. Once opened fully, it may be laid flat as shown in FIG.
11 and one end may be pulled up by means of a cord 33 being pulled
in the direction of arrow 34 so that the strucure assumes the
position shown in FIGS. 1 and 17.
The device is useable under a plurality of circumstances such as
shelters for recreation purposes, and as a shelter in construction,
home, farm or other uses or as a container for grain or the
like.
It can be made in a plurality of sizes and the number of individual
gores of course depends upon design parameters.
Although the drawings show a segment of the torus extending through
approximately 180.degree. when extended, nevertheless it will be
appreciated that the segment can be of any number of degrees
depending upon circumstances. Furthermore it can be laid on its
side against a vertical surface or, alternatively, can consist of a
full torus under which circumstances the ends 28 engage one another
and may be secured by any convenient fastening means such as slide
fastener means 28B shown schematically in FIG. 18. A door (not
illustrated) may be provided in the wall for access to the
enclosure which is particularly suitable for the storage of grain
or the like when manufactured in this embodiment.
Since various modifications can be made in my invention as
hereinabove described, and many apparently widely different
embodiments of same made within the spirit and scope of the claims
without departing from such spirit and scope, it is intended that
all matter contained in the accompanying specification shall be
interpreted as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.
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