U.S. patent number 3,847,718 [Application Number 05/194,446] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-12 for adhesive binding means for edge binding assembled pages together in book fashion.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Xerox Corporation. Invention is credited to Donald W. Watson.
United States Patent |
3,847,718 |
Watson |
November 12, 1974 |
ADHESIVE BINDING MEANS FOR EDGE BINDING ASSEMBLED PAGES TOGETHER IN
BOOK FASHION
Abstract
A strip-like part or cover for edge binding assembled pages to
form a book-like assembly, the part consisting of a substrate such
as paper bearing three stripe-like formations of heat activated
adhesive on one side thereof. The central adhesive stripe is
substantially thicker than the other two stripes, and extends along
the substrate axis with a width approximately equal to the overall
thickness of the book to be bound. The remaining adhesive stripes,
which flank the central stripe are preferably comprised of adhesive
having a relatively high tack when heated while the adhesive
comprising the center stripe has a relatively low tack when heated
to facilitate application of the binding stripe. As an alternate,
the flanking stripes may be comprised of a pressure sensitive
adhesive.
Inventors: |
Watson; Donald W. (Arlington
Heights, IL) |
Assignee: |
Xerox Corporation (Stamford,
CT)
|
Family
ID: |
22717632 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/194,446 |
Filed: |
November 1, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
428/55; 281/21.1;
428/41.9; 428/78 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B42D
3/002 (20130101); Y10T 428/183 (20150115); Y10T
428/1481 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
B42D
3/00 (20060101); B32b 003/10 (); B37b 003/04 ();
B42d 003/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;161/145,39,44,99
;281/21R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Dier; Philip
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. Means for edge binding pages together in book fashion
comprising:
a substrate of formable material, said substrate having a minimum
width greater than the thickness of the book to be bound to permit
said substrate to overlay not only the book end but also at least
that portion of the outer pages of said book immediately adjoining
said book end;
a first relatively thick heat activated low tack adhesive on one
face of said substrate and substantially along the centerline
thereof, said first adhesive being smaller in size than said
substrate and arranged in a generally longitudinal stripe formation
such that uncovered portions of said substrate project therebeyond
at least along the sides of said first adhesive stripe;
said first adhesive stripe being of a width sufficient to
accommodate the thickness of the pages to be bound; and
a second relatively thin adhesive on said substrate uncovered
portions at least along each side of said first adhesive stripe
whereby to form a pair of second adhesive stripe formations
flanking said first adhesive stripe, said second adhesive
consisting of a relatively high tack adhesive.
2. The binding means according to claim 1 in which said substrate
material has a length substantially equal to the length of the
pages to be bound, the length of said first adhesive stripe being
less than said substrate length whereby to provide open areas
adjacent the ends of said first adhesive stripe into which said
first adhesive may flow during binding.
3. The binding means according to claim 1 in which said first
adhesive stripe is attached to said substrate material by said
first adhesive.
4. The binding means according to claim 1 in which one face of said
substrate material is entirely covered with said second adhesive,
said first adhesive stripe being disposed thereover.
5. The binding means according to claim 1 in which said second
adhesive comprises a heat activated adhesive.
6. The binding means according to claim 1 in which said second
adhesive comprises a pressure sensitive adhesive.
7. The binding means according to claim 1 in which the width of
said first adhesive stripe is less than the thickness of the pages
to be bound, said first adhesive stripe expanding out when
activated to accommodate all of the pages being bound.
8. The binding means according to claim 6 in which the activating
temperature for said high tack adhesive is less than the activating
temperature for said low tack adhesive.
9. The binding means according to claim 1 in which said first
adhesive stripe is comprised of a series of spaced adhesive
segments.
10. The binding means according to claim 9 in which said second
adhesive covers the areas of said substrate between said first
adhesive segments.
11. The binding means according to claim 9 in which said adhesive
segments are attached to said substrate material by said first
adhesive.
12. The binding means according to claim 9 in which said substrate
one face is entirely covered by said second adhesive, said adhesive
segments being disposed thereover.
13. An adhesive binding piece for use in edge binding pages
together to form a book-like assembly comprising:
a strip of formable substrate material;
a relatively thick stripe of heat activated adhesive on said strip
extending longitudinally thereof substantially along the strip
centerline, said adhesive stripe being comprised of a relatively
low tack adhesive; and
a relatively thin stripe of heat activated adhesive on said strip
on each side of said relatively thick low tack adhesive stripe and
in boundary relationship therewith, said relatively thin adhesive
stripes being comprised of a relatively high tack adhesive adapted
on use of said binding piece to provide a bond with the portions of
said pages opposite thereto whereby to prevent unfolding of those
portions of the strip sides which are turned up about the corner
edges of the book.
14. The adhesive binding piece according to claim 13 in which the
length of said relatively thick low tack adhesive stripe is less
than the length of said strip whereby to provide open areas of said
strip at each end thereof into which said relatively thick low tack
adhesive may flow upon activation thereof.
Description
This invention relates to means for adhesively binding pages
together in book or pamphlet form, and more particularly, to an
adhesive binding means utilizing variable tackiness adhesives.
It is often desirable to bind the pages of a report, or book, or
the like together into a permanent assembly. While numerous
arrangements for binding or assembling pages together are
available, each with certain inherent advantages of its own, many
of these known arrangements of the same time suffer certain
disadvantages such as high cost, or the need for relatively complex
applicator machinery, as to render their efficacy doubtful.
One well known arrangement for assembling pages together is
stapling. However, the total number of pages that can be stapled
together is limited; moreover, the resulting product may not have
the desired permanency since the staple or staples may become
unhinged, or with sustained use of the book or pamphlet, the pages
may tear out or otherwise work loose.
Where the number of pages are too great for stapling, stitching may
be resorted to. However, stitching requires relatively complex and
expensive machinery which is normally found only in a book binding
facility, not the typical office. In this latter case, metal clip
or clamp assemblies may be resorted to. These, however, require
some type of punching or drilling mechanism to provide holes in the
paper for the clip prongs.
Another known binding arrangement employs ring-like pieces, which
are normally plastic, having multiple prong ends which, in use, are
inserted through aligned openings in the page edges and locked in
place. This may be accomplished by forming the plastic with an
inherent self-curl or through the use of a second locking member.
Again, as with the metal clip or clamp system previously discussed,
this arrangement requires that a series of holes be first formed
through the assembled pages in order to receive the prongs, usually
by means of a gang punch or drill. In addition, piece cost and
storage problems may mitigate against the use of this system, the
latter due to the need to provide a supply of different size
binding pieces to cover various book thicknesses.
It is a principal object of this invention to provide a new and
improved adhesive binding means.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a simplified low
cost binding means for edge binding pages.
It is an object of this invention to provide an improved adhesive
bearing piece for binding pages together into book-like assemblies
incorporating at least two separate adhesive coatings adapted to
facilitate use.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a binding strip
or cover having a length of relatively thick heat activated
adhesive approximately on the centerline thereof for bonding page
edges together and to the strip, with relatively thin coverings of
adhesive along each side of the thick adhesive for bonding the
strip sides to the outermost pages of the material being bound.
It is an object of this invention to provide means for edge binding
documents to form a pamphlet or book having one or more relatively
thick heat activated adhesive stripes, the adhesive consisting of
either high or low tack type adhesive, and adjoining therewith, a
relatively thin covering of adhesive consisting of a high tack
adhesive.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved
binding strip incorporating divergent adhesives.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved
binding piece for use in binding pages together in book-like form
having a length of relatively thick heat activated adhesive adapted
to bond page edges, with flanking lengths of pressure sensitive
adhesive to engage the sides of the book.
This invention relates to means to edge binding pages together in
book-like fashion, comprising, a substrate of formable material,
the substrate having a minimum width greater than the thickness of
the book to be bound to permit the substrate to overlay not only
the book end but also at least that portion of the outer pages of
the book immediately adjoining the book end; a first relatively
thick heat activated adhesive on one face of the substrate and
substantially along the centerline thereof, the first adhesive
being smaller than the substrate and arranged in a generally
longitudinal stripe-like formation such that uncovered portions of
the substrate project therebeyond at least along the sides of the
first adhesive stripe; the first adhesive stripe being of a width
sufficient to accommodate the thickness of the pages to be bound;
and a second relatively thin adhesive on the substrate material
uncovered portions at least along each side of the first adhesive
stripe whereby to form a pair of second stripe-like formations
flanking the first adhesive stripe, the second adhesive consisting
of a relatively high tack adhesive.
Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the ensuing
description and drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is an isometric view showing the binding means of the
present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of the binding means shown in FIG.
1 taken along lines 2--2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of the binding means shown in FIG.
1 applied to a book;
FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view showing the binding means of the
present invention in the form of a cover or case for books;
FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view showing the cover of FIG. 4
applied to a book;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view showing an alternate embodiment wherein
adhesive segments are employed in place of a continuous adhesive
stripe; and
FIG. 7 is an isometric view showing another embodiment wherein both
heat activated and pressure sensitive adhesives are used.
Referring to the drawings, numeral 10 designates generally the
adhesive binding means of the present invention. In the exemplary
arrangement shown, binding means 10 comprises a length or strip of
formable backing or substrate material 12, normally comprised of
relatively heavy paper stock bearing adhesive coatings. The overall
length of the substrate 12 and hence binding means 10 is
substantially the same as that of the pages, i.e., book 15 to be
bound. However, it is understood that binding means 10 may be
indefinite in length in which case the binding means, which could
be conveniently supplied in the form of a roll, would be cut to
size at the time of use. Minimally, the width of the binding means
substrate 12 is greater than the thickness of the book 15 to allow
the edge portions or flanks thereof to be secured onto the outer
pages or covers of an assembled book 15 as seen in FIG. 3.
Where desired, the width of substrate 12 may be made sufficient to
enable the substrate 12 to serve as a protective or decorative
cover for the book 15. In this case, as may be seen from FIGS. 4
and 5, the overall width of substrate 12 forming the book cover 30
approximates or slightly exceeds the width of book 15. And, while
paper has been suggested for the substrate material, other
substrate materials, i.e., fabrics, mesh, metal, etc. may be
used.
As will appear, the binding means substrate 12 carries stripe-like
formations consisting of two heat activated adhesive types (FIGS.
1-6) or a combination of heat activated and pressure sensitive
adhesives as shown in the FIG. 7 embodiment. The heat activated
adhesives comprise materials adapted when heated to an activation
temperature to become adhesive or tacky. On cooling after heating,
they revert to a non-tacky state, and if in contact with another
surface prior to and during the cooling cycle, an adhesive bond
will be achieved when cooling is completed.
Pressure sensitive adhesives comprise materials which are normally
in an adhesive or tacky state at room or ambient temperatures and
hence require no heating for activation. Normally, to prevent
unwarranted or premature adhesion between pressure sensitive
adhesives and other surfaces with which the adhesive might contact,
a removable covering material is provided thereover.
Heat activated adhesives may be either low or high tack types. A
low tack adhesive comprises an adhesive material which when heated
becomes fairly molten or fluid thereby providing a high degree of
surface wet-out with minimum application pressure or heat. A high
tack adhesive comprises an adhesive material which when heated
remains highly viscous and somewhat immobile so that a definite
amount of application pressure and/or heat is necessary to wet-out
the surface being adhered. Examples of low tack and and high tack
adhesives are respectively disclosed in the U.S. Pat. No. to H.
Post et al., 3,531,358, issued Sept. 29, 1970 and R. J. O'Brien et
al., 3,188,114, issued June 8, 1965.
High tack adhesive, in the pressure sensitive case, has the
advantage that, on the application of pressure, the bond
immediately possesses a high degree of strength. High tack
adhesive, in the heat activated case, has the advantage that, on
application of heat and pressure, the bond quickly possesses a high
degree of strength.
According to the preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3, a
relatively thick elongated stripe 14 comprised of low tack heat
activated adhesive 13 is disposed on substrate 12 along the strip
centerline. Normally, the width of adhesive stripe 14 is
approximately equal to or slightly greater than the overall
thickness of the book 15 with the result that substrate portions 18
extend along each side of stripe 14. It is understood, however, as
will appear hereinafter, that the width of adhesive stripe 14 may
be less than the thickness of the book 15 to be bound. The overall
length of adhesive stripe 14 may be slightly less than that of
substrate 12 to provide projecting substrate end portions 19.
Adhesive stripe 14 is suitably attached to substrate 12, for
example, by localized heating of the adhesive at selected points 17
therealong. It is understood, however, that adhesive stripe 14 may
be secured to the substrate 12 by other suitable means. In cases
where the width of adhesive stripe 14 is less than the width of the
book to be bound, the adjoining portions of substrate 12
accommodate spreading of the adhesive during the bonding process.
In a similar manner, end portions 19 of substrate 12 accommodate
any longitudinal spreading or flowing of the adhesive stripe 14
during the bonding process.
The strip-like portions 18 of substrate 12 remaining on either side
of adhesive stripe 14 are covered with a relatively thin coating of
high tack heat activated adhesive 21 forming in cooperation with
center stripe 14 three parallel stripes of adhesive. Preferably and
as will appear more fully herein, the end portions 19 of substrate
12 are covered with adhesive 21.
As noted, adhesive stripe 14 is relatively thick, a thickness of
from 0.015 to 0.020 inches for example, having been found to be
suitable. The second adhesive 21 on substrate areas 18, 19 is
relatively thin, a thickness of 0.001 to 0.005 inches for example,
having been found suitable.
With one adhesive formulation, the adhesive 15, which comprises
stripe 14, has an activation temperature in the range of
350.degree.-450.degree.F while the adhesive 21, which comprises
side stripes 18, has an activation temperature in the range of
250.degree.-350.degree.F. It is understood that other suitable
adhesive formulations may have different reactive temperature
ranges.
It will be appreciated that various length and width substrates
having various width glue stripes 14 may be provided to enable
different length pages and/or different thickness books 15 to be
accommodated.
In use, a binding means 10 having an adhesive stripe 14 of suitable
width and a length slightly less than that of book 15 is provided.
Referring now particularly to FIG. 3, the loose pages comprising
the book 15 are placed, edge first, on adhesive stripe 14. The
substrate sides 18, which carry the adhesive 21 and project
outwardly beyond the assembled pages, are turned upwardly to bring
the adhesive 21 into contact with the outside pages or covers of
the book 15. Heat and pressure may then be applied, either
simultaneously or in stages, to the bottom and sides of the
substate 12 to activate, i.e., melt the adhesives and bond the
pages to one another and to the substrate 12.
Since the adhesive 21 consists of a high tack adhesive, a bond is
normally relatively quickly obtained between the strip sides 18 and
the adjoining outer pages of the book 15. This permits the source
of heat and pressure for sides 18 to be removed at a relatively
early stage and normally before completion of the binding cycle if
desired. The establishment of a tight bond occasioned by the use of
a high tack adhesive between the substrate sides 18 and the outer
pages of book 15 assures that sides 18 will not unfold away from
the outermost pages when the source of side heat and pressure is
removed.
The application of heat and pressure to the base of substrate 12,
following a relatively longer period, activates the adhesive 13
comprising strip 14, the relatively large quantity of adhesive
flowing or wicking between the edges of the book pages and being
absorbed intimately therewith to bond the pages together to one
another and to substrate 12. Any excess quantity of adhesive 13
remains trapped between the substrate and the juncture of the
substrate sides 18 with the outer pages of book 15. The end
portions 19 of substrate 12 accommodate spreading of adhesive 13 in
a longitudinal direction. In cases where the width of adhesive
stripe 14 is less than that of book 15, the adhesive 13 spreads
outwardly upon activation to the book edges to bond the book pages
to one another and to substrate 12.
Referring now to FIGS. 4 and 5, where like numerals refer to like
parts, the overall width of substrate 12 may be sufficient to
enable the binding means 10 to additionally serve as a cover for
the book. In this arrangement, substrate 12 comprises a relatively
large rectangular member 30 having a midportion 31 bearing the
relatively thick stripe 14 of low tack adhesive 13 flanked by cover
sections 32. Cover sections 32 are normally equal in size to or
slightly larger than the width of the book pages while the width of
stripe 14 is sufficient to accommodate the book width as described
heretofore. The portions of cover sections 32 immediately adjoining
stripe 14 are covered with a relatively thin coating of the high
tack adhesive 21 to form flanking adhesive stripes 34, the width of
stripes 34 normally being only sufficient to provide a suitable
bond between the cover sections 32 and the outside pages of book
15. However, it is understood that the entire inside surface of
cover sections 32 between the cover edges and center stripe 14 may
be covered with the adhesive 21. As will be understood, the use or
application of cover member 30 is the same as that described
heretofore for the strip-like binding means 10.
Referring to FIG. 6, where like numerals refer to like parts, an
alternate binding means 22 is there shown wherein the central
adhesive stripe 14' comprises a series of spaced block-like
adhesive segments 26 of low tack adhesive 13. The areas 27 of
substrate 12 therebetween carry a relatively thin coating of the
high tack adhesive 21. Application of binding means 22 is as
described in connection with binding means 10. In this case, on
activation, the adhesive comprising segments 26 flows generally
longitudinally along substrate 12 onto the substrate areas 27 to
provide a continuous bond of the pages to one another and to
substrate 12.
While a series of block-like adhesive segments 26 are illustrated,
other configurations and designs for adhesive stripe 14' may be
contemplated.
It is understood that the binding side of substrate 12 may be
completely coated or covered with high tack adhesive 13 following
which the low tack adhesive 13 either in the form of a continuous
stripe 14 or segments 26 may be applied. Alternately, application
of high tack adhesive 21 to end areas 19 of substrate 12 and/or the
areas 27 between adhesive segments 26 (in the FIG. 6 embodiment)
may be omitted. And while the adhesive forming stripe 14 or
segments 26 have been described as consisting of a low tack
adhesive, a high tack adhesive such as the adhesive 21 may be used
instead.
Referring now to the arrangement shown in FIG. 7, where like
numerals refer to like parts, the central stripe 14, which may
comprise either low or high tack adhesive 13 is flanked by a
suitable pressure sensitive adhesive 40. In order to prevent
premature binding or sticking of the adhesive 40, removable cover
strips 41 are provided therefor.
In use, cover strips 41 are removed to expose the adhesive 40
which, on application of pressure following insertion of the book
15 therebetween as described earlier, bonds the sides of substrate
12 to the outer pages of the book 15. The application of heat and
pressure to the center portion or base of substrate 12 activates
the low tack adhesive comprising stripe 14 to complete the bond in
the manner described heretofore.
While the invention has been described with reference to the
structure disclosed, it is not confined to the details set forth;
but is intended to cover such modifications or changes as may come
within the scope of the following claims.
* * * * *