U.S. patent number 3,847,480 [Application Number 05/415,270] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-12 for continuous blade cleaner.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Xerox Corporation. Invention is credited to Donald J. Fisher.
United States Patent |
3,847,480 |
Fisher |
November 12, 1974 |
CONTINUOUS BLADE CLEANER
Abstract
An electrostatographic cleaning system for cleaning imaging
material from the imaging surface by two cleaning edges of an
endless belt which continuously moves transversely across the
imaging surface. Providing a Mobius (one-half) twist in the belt,
and appropriate supports, causes the two belt edges to continuously
switch relative to the imaging surface. Cleaning and/or lubricating
of the cleaning edges can be provided spaced from the imaging
surface.
Inventors: |
Fisher; Donald J. (Pittsford,
NY) |
Assignee: |
Xerox Corporation (Stamford,
CT)
|
Family
ID: |
23645034 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/415,270 |
Filed: |
November 12, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
399/346;
15/256.53; 101/425; 100/174; 399/352 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G03G
21/0029 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G03G
21/00 (20060101); G03g 015/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;15/256.53,99,100
;198/230,229 ;355/15 ;101/425 ;100/174 ;118/637 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Roberts; Edward L.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In electrostatographic apparatus, the improvement in the
cleaning system for cleaning imaging material from an imaging
surface with a cleaning blade comprising:
an endless belt having two opposite edges,
said edges being adapted to clean said imaging surface;
support means for continuous motion of said belt including
continuously moving a portion of one said edge of said belt
transversely across said imaging surface in cleaning engagement
with said imaging surface;
and a mobius twist in said belt spaced from said imaging surface
for automatically reversing said one edge of said belt with the
other said edge of said belt into cleaning engagement with said
imaging surface.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 including linear guide means parallel
to said imaging surface for guiding a portion of said belt linearly
across said imaging surface in engagement therewith.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said linear guide means is a
continuous sliding support channel and includes means for flexibly
deforming said belt against said imaging surface.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said belt has a thin metal
central portion and said edges comprise an elastomer material
mounted to said central portion.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 including cleaning means for cleaning
one said edge of said belt at a position spaced from said imaging
surface.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said cleaning means engages the
edge of said belt opposite from the edge engaging the imaging
surface.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 including lubricating means for
lubricating one said edge of said belt at a position spaced from
said imaging surface.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said support means further
includes two parallel pulleys located respectively at opposite
sides of said imaging surface, said belt being mounted on and
extending between said pulleys.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said belt has a thin metal
central portion and said edges comprise an elastomer material
mounted to said central portion.
Description
This invention relates to electrostatographic imaging systems and,
more particularly, to an improved translating blade cleaning
apparatus for cleaning electrostatographic image developer material
from an imaging surface.
The general development and cleaning of imaging materials on a
re-usuable imaging surface in electrostatography is well-known. In
xerography, for example, a latent electrostatic image is optically
formed on a photoconductive imaging surface and developed by
depositing on the latent image a charged finely divided dry
electroscopic visible image developer material known in the art as
toner. This toner image may then be electrostatically transferred
and permanently fixed to a support surface such as paper. However,
after such transfer, residual toner remains on the photoreceptor,
which for re-use thereof must be removed by a cleaning operation at
a cleaning station. This cleaning of residual toner from the
photoreceptor must be accomplished rapidly and thoroughly yet
without damage to the delicate photoreceptor, and the removed toner
must be appropriately disposed of. The residual toner is tightly
retained on the photoconductive surface and is difficult to remove.
This retention is believed to be caused both by electrical charge
attractions and by Van der Waals forces that prevent complete
transfer of the toner to the support surface. Also, a small
percentage of the toner can be wrongly charged, or uncharged,
either initially or by virtue of the cleaning operation. Thus,
cleaning of the imaging surface is one of the more difficult
technical problems in practical xerography. Conventional
photoreceptor cleaning devices are brush type cleaning apparatus,
web type cleaning apparatus, or blade type cleaning apparatus.
Exemplary xerographic photoreceptor blade type dry toner cleaning
apparatus is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,438,706, issued Apr. 15,
1969, to H. Tanaka et al; 3,552,850, issued Jan. 5, 1971, to S. F.
Royka et al; 3,634,077, issued Jan. 11, 1972, to W. A. Sullivan;
3,660,863, issued May 9, 1972, to D. P. Gerbasi; 3,724,019, issued
Apr. 3, 1973, to Alan L. Shanly; 3,724,020, issued Apr. 3, 1973, to
Henry R. Till; and 3,740,789, issued June 26, 1973, to Raymond G.
Ticknor. Pending applications include U.S. Applications Ser. No.
356,985, filed May 3, 1973, by Richard E. Smith and Ser. No.
356,986, filed May 3, 1973, by Christ S. Hasiotis. Toner cleaning
systems with a reciprocally translating polyurethane cleaning blade
are commercially embodied in the Xerox Corporation "4000" and
"3100" xerographic copiers. The present invention represents a
development in the above-cited technology, and accordingly these
references are all hereby incorporated by reference in the present
specification.
One problem in the use of cleaning blade systems for cleaning
moving xerographic photoreceptor imaging surfaces of imaging
material has been the tendency of blade edge sealing failures, such
as localized truck-unders, to occur at points where the blade edge
is being repeatedly struck at the same point by the same defects on
the imaging surface being repeatedly rotated past the blade edge
while the blade edge is stationary. Cyclic translation movement of
the cleaning blade transverse the direction of the photoreceptor
has been previously found to avoid most of these problems,
especially if the translation continues after the imaging surface
stops and a short dwell-time drive cam or eccentric multiple lobe
drive cam is used. Lubrication of the imaging surface has been
generally provided. U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,724,019, 3,724,020 and
3,740,789 cited above relate to such translation mechanisms.
However, if reciprocal lateral translation during machine operation
is used, there will be end dwell positions on the photoreceptor at
which the blade stops to reverse in each translation cycle. Thus,
in these dwell points the blade is not fully protected by
translation from the above-described single point multiple impacts
from the same defects on the photoreceptor. Also, as a practical
matter, the usable length of a reciprocating cleaning blade edge is
limited to the width of the imaging surface.
The present invention provides a solution to the above-described
problems by a simple means allowing fully continuous blade
translation relative to the photoreceptor, and substantially
increased effective cleaning blade length without a corresponding
increase in the cleaning system dimensions, thereby providing an
increased effective lifetime for the blade. The present cleaning
system also allows cleaning and/or lubricating of the blade
cleaning edge at a convenient position spaced away from the
photoreceptor.
Various doctor or cleaning blade structures are, of course, known
in the non-electrostatographic arts. For example, U.S. Pat. No.
2,664,792, issued Jan. 5, 1954, to E. P. Cook discloses pealing
paper from a roll by a steel doctor blade which is wound between
reels spaced at each side of the roll, where it is also cleaned and
lubricated. Canadian Pat. No. 562,364, issued Aug. 26, 1958, to
Howard E. Roscoe teaches removing liquid from a film web with an
endless metal band continuously moving transversely the web, guided
by grooved supports. The band is supported by pulleys at each side
of the web and cleaned by wipers.
Further features and advantages of the present invention pertain to
the particular apparatus and functions whereby the above-mentioned
aspects of the invention are attained. Accordingly, the invention
will be better understood by reference to the following description
and to the drawings forming a part thereof, which are substantially
to scale, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of the present
cleaning blade system; and
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2--2 of FIG.
1.
Referring now to the drawings, FIGS. 1 and 2, there is shown
therein an exemplary cleaning system 10 in accordance with the
present invention for cleaning toner from the moving photoreceptive
imaging surface 12 of a xerographic drum 14. The photoconductive
surface 12 is cleaned by a contacting cleaning blade 16 extending
transverse the direction of movement (rotation) of the imaging
surface 12. It may be seen that the blade 16 is in the form of a
flexible endless belt having two continuous opposite edges 18 and
20. Both of these edges are adapted to clean the imaging surface
12. However, only one edge at a time is held against and
transversely moved across the imaging surface in cleaning
engagement therewith.
The blade or belt 16 here contains a mobius twist in a portion of
the belt which is spaced away from the imaging surface. That is,
one flight of the blade 16 has a one-half turn twist. This has the
effect of turning the belt over and thereby reversing the two blade
edges 18 and 20 in each rotation or cycle of the endless blade 16.
This provides an automatic reversal in each cycle of the belt
movement of the edge of the blade which is in cleaning engagement
with the imaging surface. The endless loop form of the belt 16
doubles the effective length of the cleaning blade edge relative to
its overall length, and the reversal changes the edges as well.
The blade 16 is rotatably supported at its opposite ends by and
between two identical cylindrical pulleys 22 and 24. Preferably the
blade 16 is held in tension between these two pulleys. The blade 16
is also supported by an appropriate linear guide 26 in that portion
of the belt which is in cleaning engagement with the imaging
surface. The guide 26 here is an exemplary linear, continuous,
sliding support channel in which the edge 20 of the belt (the
outside edge of the blade 16) is slidably retained for proper
cleaning engagement with the imaging surface. The inside of the
channel 26 may, of course, be coated with any suitable lubricant
material. Preferably the channel 26 also includes a structure for
flexibly deforming the blade 16 against the imaging surface. This
is illustrated in FIG. 2, where it may be seen that here there is
an extending lip 28 of the channel 26 which continuously forcibly
engages the rear central portion of the blade 16 to flexibly press
the extending edge 18 of the blade against the imaging surface. The
channel 26 and the pulleys 22 and 24 together maintain the lower
flight of the blade 16 in a constant position (except for its
linear motion transverse direction of motion of the imaging
surface. It will be noted that the only twist in the belt 16 is
that in the upper flight of the belt between the two pulleys, i.e.,
the flight which is spaced away from the imaging surface. The lower
(cleaning engagement) flight of the belt is substantially fully
planar between the two pulleys.
One or both the pulleys 22 and 24 may be conventionally driven by
an electric motor as shown, or other suitable conventional drive
means, at the desired blade translation speed. Since the blade
motion is preferably continuous and unidirectional a complex drive
mechanism is not required.
With the disclosed structure a cleaning station can be provided for
cleaning the edges of the belt at a single small area spaced from
the imaging surface. This is exemplified hereby a cleaning brush 30
engaging the edge 20 of the blade 16. This cleaning brush 20 need
only encompass the one edge 20. Since the edges 18 and 20 reverse
in each rotation of the belt, both edges can be cleaned by a single
small cleaning brush 30 at this one location. It may also be seen
that the cleaning brush 30 is (desirably) spaced away from the
imaging surface by the full width of the belt. This is enabled by
the mobius nature of the blade 16 and its continuous undirectional
motion. The cleaning brush 30 is located here off to one side of
the imaging surface 12, adjacent the pulley 22. However, it will be
appreciated that other locations may be provided which will also
allow continual cleaning without any interference or contact with
the imaging surface. Since the cleaning station may be located at a
single point for the entire belt, a simple single point toner
removal system (not shown) may also be utilized in connection
therewith. Thus, a trough and auger system extending the full
length of the cleaning blade, as utilized in some of the above
cited prior art structures is not required.
Remote lubrication of the cleaning blade edges is exemplified here
by a stick or bar lubricant applicator 32 for applying a suitable
imaging surface lubricant for the blade edges, such as zinc
stearate or the like. As shown, this may be applied directly to the
cleaning corner edge of the blade edge 18 immediately prior to its
engagement with the imaging surface. Other lubricant applicator
locations may be utilized, all of which can take advantage of the
ability to apply the lubricant at a position spaced away from the
imaging surface. Thus, with this arrangement the lubricant can be
applied only as needed to only the cleaning blade edge and does not
need to be applied over the imaging surface itself or with the
imaging material (toner).
As may be seen from FIG. 2 the exemplary blade structure 16, shown
here in cross section is preferably a thin steel strap central
portion or material to which two continuous elastomer material
cleaning tips are mounted. The cleaning edges are preferably made
by forming sharp edges on these elastomer tips to engage the
imaging surface. This basic preferred structure is described in
further detail (but for a single edge blade) in the above cited
U.S. Pat. applications, Ser. Nos. 356,985 and 356,986. However,
other suitable cleaning blade structures, such as a monolithic band
of polyurethane rubber, with or without reinforcing materials, may
be utilized.
In conclusion, it may be seen that there has been provided by the
above disclosed structure an improved cleaning system in which the
cleaning blade can move continuously to avoid any dwell points, and
has an increased effective length, for increased blade life and
improved cleaning. Although the exemplary embodiment described
herein is presently considered to be preferred, various other
modifications or improvements will be apparent to those skilled in
the art. The following claims are intended to cover all such
variations and modifications as fall within the true spirit and
scope of the invention.
* * * * *