U.S. patent number 3,847,053 [Application Number 05/112,490] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-12 for armored vehicle.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Rheinstahl Aktiengesellschaft. Invention is credited to Erich Ubelacker.
United States Patent |
3,847,053 |
Ubelacker |
November 12, 1974 |
ARMORED VEHICLE
Abstract
The trunnions of the barrel cradle of a tubular weapon mounted
in the rotatable turret of an armored vehicle are pivotally mounted
in the inner ring of a tilt bearing whose outer ring is secured to
the cupola of the turret, preferably in the transition area between
the roof and inclined side wall thereof. The barrel cradle is
additionally provided with a rearwardly extending portion which
extends beyond the axis of rotation of the turret and downwardly
into the turret cage and serves as the ammunition store for the
weapon. Moreover, the seats for the weapon operators are preferably
attached to either side of this rearwardly extending portion of the
barrel cradle.
Inventors: |
Ubelacker; Erich (Bremen,
DT) |
Assignee: |
Rheinstahl Aktiengesellschaft
(Essen, DT)
|
Family
ID: |
22344169 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/112,490 |
Filed: |
January 6, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
89/36.13;
89/37.09; 89/37.12 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41A
27/10 (20130101); F41H 5/20 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F41A
27/10 (20060101); F41H 5/00 (20060101); F41H
5/20 (20060101); F41A 27/00 (20060101); F41f
014/21 (); F41h 005/20 () |
Field of
Search: |
;89/36H,36K,37G,37K,37P,37.5A,4B,41T |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Bentley; Stephen C.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Spencer & Kaye
Claims
I claim:
1. In an armored vehicle having a turret rotatable about its axis,
a tubular weapon pivotally mounted in said turret by means of
trunnions extending from the sides of the barrel cradle of said
weapon, said turret having a cupola which protrudes from the roof
of said vehicle, and a cage therebelow which accommodates an
ammunition store and the seats for the operating crew of said
weapon, the improvement comprising:
a tilt bearing having an outer ring which is firmly mounted in said
cupola of said turret and an inner ring which is rotatable about
the bore axis of the barrel of said weapon;
said barrel cradle having its said trunnions pivotally mounted in
said inner ring of said tilt bearing and being provided with an
extension which, when said weapon is horizontally aligned, extends
rearwardly from said trunnions into said turret beyond the plane of
the axis of rotation of the turret and downwardly below the roof of
said vehicle into said turret cage, said extension serving as an
ammunition store for said weapon.
2. The armored vehicle as defined in claim 1 further including
means for mounting said seats for the operating crew of said weapon
to the respective sides of said extension of said barrel cradle for
movement therewith.
3. The armored vehicle as defined in claim 1 wherein said cupola
has a roof and an inclined side wall; wherein said tilt bearing is
disposed in the transition area between said roof and said side
wall of said cupola; and wherein said tilt bearing is shielded from
the exterior of said vehicle by means of a convex hood mounted on
said cupola, said hood being provided with an opening through which
the barrel of said weapon and a portion of its cradle extends.
4. The armored vehicle as defined in claim 3 wherein said portion
of said barrel cradle which extends through said opening forms a
gun mount for said weapon, said gun mount being provided with a
rearwardly extending member which rests on the exterior surface of
said hood shielding said tilt bearing and covers said opening in
said hood.
5. In an armored vehicle having a turret rotatable about its axis,
a tubular weapon pivotally mounted in said turret by means of
trunnions extending from the sides of the barrel cradle of said
weapon, said turret having a cupola, with a roof and an inclined
side wall, which protrudes from the roof of said vehicle and a cage
therebelow which accommodates an ammunition store and the seats for
the operating crew of said weapon, the improvement comprising:
a tilt bearing disposed in the transition area between said roof
and said side wall of said cupola, said tilt bearing having an
outer ring which is firmly mounted in said cupola of said turret
and an inner ring which is rotatable about the bore axis of the
barrel of said weapon;
said barrel cradle having its said trunnions pivotally mounted in
said inner ring of said tilt bearing and being provided with an
extension which extends rearwardly from said trunnions into said
turret beyond the plane of the axis of rotation of the turret and
downwardly into said turret cage, said extension serving as an
ammunition store for said weapon;
a convex hood mounted on said cupola for shielding said tilt
bearing from the exterior of said vehicle said hood being provided
with an opening through which the barrel of said weapon and a
portion of its cradle extends, said portion of said barrel cradle
which extends through said opening forming a gun mount for said
weapon; and,
said gun mount being provided with a rearwardly extending member
which rests on the exterior surface of said hood shielding said
tilt bearing and covers said opening in said hood, the lower
one-half of said rearwardly extending member of said gun mount,
which one-half is adjacent the roof of said vehicle, being
spherical whereby the opening will be covered for all rotary or
pivotal movements of said weapon.
6. The armored vehicle as defined in claim 5 wherein said seats for
the operating crew of said weapon are mounted on the sides of said
extension of said barrel cradle for movement therewith.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an arrangement for a tubular
weapons system in a rotatable turret of an armored vehicle wherein
the tubular weapon is disposed in the turret to be pivotal via
trunnions and wherein a supply of ammunition as well as the seats
for the operating crew for the weapon are accommodated in this
turret.
According to a known armored vehicle of this type, the tubular
weapon is provided with a cradle which is pivotal about a normally
horizontal axis by means of trunnions disposed on both its sides
and which is mounted in the turret. The elevation alignment of the
weapon is effected about this normally horizontal axis, which is
disposed at a distance from the normally vertical axis of rotation
of the rotatable turret, by means of adjustment gears disposed in
the turret.
The drawback of this weapon system arrangement is that the tubular
weapon can be moved only about its elevation alignment axis and,
when the turret is rotated, about the lateral alignment axis
together with the turret. Since such armored vehicles perform
pitching, rolling and tumbling movements during operation,
particularly in the field, it is often very difficult, if not
impossible, to properly aim and fire such a weapon system
arrangement.
In order to attempt to overcome this drawback, according to an
improved design for such a weapon system arrangement, the cradle
holding the tubular weapon is pivotally supported together with its
trunnions in a semi-annular support which is disposed in the turret
to also be rotatable about a horizontal axis. In this arrangement,
since the semi-annular support is disposed in the center of the
turret, the axis of the bore of the barrel of the weapon and the
elevation axis of the weapon, which is formed by the trunnions,
intersect in a point which is disposed on the vertical axis of the
rotatable turret, i.e., on the traversing axis of the weapon.
In order to move the semi-annular support, which is designed to
correspond with the turret diameter, a large amount of space is
required which thus even further reduces the rather limited space
conditions in the turret. Additionally, due to the location of the
elevation axis of the weapon on the rotational axis of the turret,
the elevation angle range of the weapon is rather limited unless
the turret is given a substantial height above the vehicle body.
However, since the requirements recently placed on such weapons
turrets are first of all that the turrets be kept as low as
possible, and furthermore, that they are to permit a wider pivoting
range for the elevation movement as well as a wide range for the
rotation about the bore axis, even this improved design has its
drawbacks.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore this object of this invention to provide a weapon
system arrangement for the rotatable turret of an armored vehicle
which overcomes the drawbacks of the previous designs.
In particular, it is the object of the present invention to
eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks in the known tubular
weapons system in the turret of armored vehicles as described above
and to provide a more suitable arrangement whereby it is assured
that the tubular weapon can move as far as possible in the
elevation alignment range and about the bore axis and wherein the
structural height of the turret need only extend beyond the vehicle
for a particularly small distance.
The above objects are achieved according to the present invention
in that the turret is provided with a tilt bearing whose outer ring
is firmly mounted in the cupola of the rotatable turret of the
armored vehicle so that its inner ring can be rotated about the
bore axis of the barrel of the weapon and the barrel cradle is
pivotally mounted in this inner ring of the tilt bearing by means
of its trunnions which laterally extend therefrom on either side.
The barrel cradle, moreover, is provided with a portion which
extends rearwardly from the trunnions into the turret beyond the
plane of the axis of rotation of the turret and downwardly into the
turret basket or cage and serves as an ammunition reservoir or
store.
The arrangement according to the invention makes it possible to
arrange the trunnions of the barrel cradle further away from the
axis of rotation of the turret, while still permitting rotation of
the cradle about the bore axis, thus permitting rotation of the
turret, short turret dimensions and a wide elevational adjustement
range for the weapon, while still making it possible for the turret
cage, whose diameter is limited to a minimum, to accommodate two
persons.
According to a feature of the invention, it is advisable to provide
the ammunition reservoir with a gunner seat at each longitudinal
side which results in the advantage that the ammunition can be
stored in the center of the turret -- when seen with respect to its
axis of rotation -- between the two gunner seats.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the
tilt bearing is disposed in the transitional area between the
ceiling and the inclined side wall in the cupola of the turret and
is shielded from the exterior by a convex hood which is attached to
the cupola and which has an opening through which the barrel of the
weapon and a portion of its cradle can be brought.
According to a further feature of a preferred embodiment of the
present invention, the barrel cradle is provided in the form of a
gun mount on the side away from the rearward extension, which gun
mount portion of the cradle extends through the opening in the hood
and is provided with a rearwardly extending portion which rests on
the exterior surface of the hood shielding the tilt bearing and
covers the opening therein.
According to still a further feature of the present invention, the
portion of the gun mount which cooperates with the hood, is
designed so as to cover the opening therein so that its lower
one-half, i.e., its one-half which faces or is adjacent to the
vehicle, is spherical.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through the turret of an armored
vehicle, showing the tubular weapon partially in section and the
barrel cradle entirely in section, of a weapon system arrangement
according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view along the line A-D of FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to the figures, there is shown a turret 1 which is
mounted by means of a rotary gear 2 in the partially shown hull or
shell 3 of an armored vehicle so that it can be rotated about its
normally vertical axis by a drive means (not shown) disposed in the
vehicle hull 3. Turret 1 consists of a turret cupola 4 which
protrudes out of the roof of the vehicle hull 3 and a basket or
cage 5 therebelow, i.e., within the hull 3. Preferably, as
illustrated, the turret cupola 4 has a ceiling or roof 6 and an
inclined side wall 7. Mounted within the turret 1 for rotation
therewith is a tubular weapon, e.g., a gun, having a barrel 12,
whereby the vertical axis of the turret simultaneously serves as
the lateral alignment axis of the tubular weapon. The barrel 12 of
the weapon is held, in a known manner, in a barrel cradle 13 which
is provided with trunnions 14, 14' on both of its opposing sides
which when pivotally mounted describe the elevation alignment axis
Y of the tubular weapon.
To mount the weapon within the turret 1, according to the
invention, a tilt bearing 8 is disposed within the turret cupola 4
in a plane displaced from that of the axis of rotation of the
turret 1. The tilt bearing 8 is mounted in the cupola 4, preferably
as illustrated, in the transition area between the roof 6 and the
inclined wall 7, i.e., where the roof changes to the wall, so that
its outer ring 9 is firmly mounted in the turret cupola 4 and its
inner ring 15 is free to rotate about the bore axis of the barrel
12 of the weapon. The barrel cradle 13 is pivotally mounted within
this inner ring 15 of the tilt bearing 8 by means of its trunnions
14, 14' whereby the weapon is similarly free to rotate about its
axis.
To protect the tilt bearing 8 from the exterior, the turret cupola
is provided with a convex hood 10 having an opening 11 through
which the barrel 12 and a portion 16 of the cradle 13 extend. This
portion 16 of the barrel cradle 13, which faces the opening in the
barrel and extends through the opening 11, is preferably designed
in the form of a gun mount and is provided with a rearwardly
extending member 17 which rests on the exterior surface of the hood
10 and cooperates therewith to cover the opening 11. In order that
the opening 11 be covered during each rotary or pivotal movement of
the barrel 12, the lower one-half 18 of the member 17, i.e., the
portion thereof which faces or is adjacent to the vehicle, is
designed to be spherically shaped.
On its side opposite the gun mount portion 16, the barrel cradle is
provided with an extended portion 19 which extends -- as seen from
trunnions 14, 14' -- rearwardly beyond the plane of the axis of
rotation X of the turret 1 as well as downwardly into the turret
basket or cage 5. This extended portion 19 is designed in a
well-known manner to serve as an ammunition reservoir for the
weapon and is moreover provided with seats 20, 20' for the gunner
or operators of the weapon on either side thereof.
With the illustrated arrangement, the movement of the tubular
weapon 12 with its barrel cradle 13 about the elevation alignment
axis Y may be easily accomplished by means of an elevation
alignment mechanism 21 also disposed within the turret 1. This
alignment mechanism 21 may, for example, be either a meridian drive
which is in communication with the extended portion 19 of the
barrel cradle 13 as illustrated, or may be formed of lifting
cylinders which are fastened in a jointed manner to the extended
portion 19 and are each mounted in turret basket or cage 5 to be
pivotal about an axis.
Thus, a weapon system arrangement for the turret of an armored
vehicle is provided which in a relatively simple manner eliminates
the drawbacks of the previously proposed weapon system arrangements
while meeting all of the space and elevational angle
requirements.
It will be understood that the above description of the present
invention is susceptible to various modifications, changes and
adaptations and the same are intended to be comprehended within the
meaning and range of equivalents of the appended claims.
* * * * *