U.S. patent number 3,845,642 [Application Number 05/323,761] was granted by the patent office on 1974-11-05 for washing machine transmission system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to McGraw-Edison Company. Invention is credited to J. Richard Cochran.
United States Patent |
3,845,642 |
Cochran |
November 5, 1974 |
WASHING MACHINE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
Abstract
A laundry machine drive mechanism for rotatively reciprocating
an agitator or for centrifugally drying depending upon the
direction of rotation of a drive pulley. The reciprocation of the
agitator is provided by an agitator transmission that is
substantially contained within the conical base portion of the
agitator and has an input shaft that is positioned inside of a spin
shaft in coaxial relation. The agitator transmission is compact and
well balanced around the concentric spin shaft so that the complete
agitator transmission may be rapidly rotated during the centrifugal
drying or spin portion of a washing cycle.
Inventors: |
Cochran; J. Richard (Ripon,
WI) |
Assignee: |
McGraw-Edison Company (Ripon,
WI)
|
Family
ID: |
23260601 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/323,761 |
Filed: |
January 15, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
68/23.7; 74/89;
74/79 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06F
13/02 (20130101); Y10T 74/18488 (20150115); Y10T
74/18568 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
D06F
13/02 (20060101); D06F 13/00 (20060101); D06f
023/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;68/23.7,133
;74/79,86,89 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Hornsby; Harvey C.
Assistant Examiner: Coe; Philip R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Wolfe, Hubbard, Leydig, Voit &
Osann, Ltd.
Claims
I claim as my invention:
1. A drive mechanism for a laundry machine having a vertical spin
tub and an agitator therein, said agitator having a generally
conical shaped base, said mechanism comprising:
a reversible motor operatively connected to a pulley that is
adapted to be driven in either direction,
means for rotatively driving said spin tub upon rotation of said
pulley in one direction,
means for braking said spin tub against rotation during rotation of
said pulley in a second direction,
agitator transmission means being substantially contained within
the area defined by said conical shaped base and comprising,
a rotatable input shaft, means for rotating said input shaft in
response to rotation of said pulley in the second direction,
an output shaft connected to said agitator,
a generally conical shaped, substantially fluid tight housing, said
housing being attached to the lower center portion of said spin
tub;
said rotatable input shaft having a pinion gear at its upper
end,
a reducer having a pair of concentric gears, one of which is larger
and adapted to mesh with said pinion gear;
a rotatable internal gear, the outer circular periphery of which is
substantially smooth to slidingly contact the cooperating inner
surface of said housing, the internal teeth of which engage the
other gear of said reducer, the upper surface of said internal gear
supporting an eccentrically positioned pin,
a rack carriage having a straight toothed bar and a horizontal
slideway positioned generally perpendicular to said toothed bar,
said rack having a slider adapted to overlie said pin supported by
said internal gear, said slider being slidable within said
slideway,
means for guiding said rack carriage to limit movement thereof to
only reciprocating along a path parallel to said toothed bar
and
said output shaft including a pinion gear meshing with said toothed
bar,
so that rotation of said drive shaft rotates said reducer and
internal gear, said internal gear moving said slider in an orbital
path to thereby reciprocate the rack carriage along said path, the
reciprocating toothed bar of said rack carriage causing rotational
oscillation of said shaft pinion gear and agitator.
2. A drive mechanism as defined in claim 1 wherein said guide means
includes an elongated cylindrical guide rod secured to said
housing, said rack carriage having an elongated cylindrical bore
parallel to said toothed bar and adapted to receive said guide rod
in sliding engagement to thereby limit movement of said rack
carriage to reciprocating movement along said path.
3. A drive mechanism as defined in claim 1 wherein said reducer is
rotatable around a stud retained by said housing.
4. A drive mechanism as defined in claim 1 including a spin drive
shaft surrounding said agitator input shaft, said spin drive shaft
being rotatable responsive to rotation of said pulley in said first
direction, and release of said brake means responsive to rotation
of said pulley in said first direction.
5. A drive mechanism as defined in claim 4 wherein said pulley has
at least one helical surface adapted to engage a cooperating
helical surface of a washer fixed to the input shaft of said
agitator transmission means, said pulley being adapted to rotate
said agitator input shaft when driven in said second direction, the
helical surface of said pulley being effective to climb the helical
surface of said fixed washer when said pulley is rotated in said
one direction, said climbing being effective to release said
braking means and enable said outer spin shaft, spin tub, agitator
and agitator transmission means to rotate in said one direction for
the purpose of centrifugal drying.
6. A drive mechanism as defined in claim 5 wherein said pulley and
said washer each have a pair of helical surfaces so that rotation
of said pulley in said first direction causes said pulley to climb
said washer and release said brake means substantially within one
half revolution thereof in said first direction.
7. A drive mechanism as defined in claim 4 wherein said agitator
transmission input shaft in positioned inside of said spin shaft,
said braking means being adapted to prevent rotation of said spin
shaft, said agitator transmission input shaft being free to rotate
when said braking means prevents rotation of said spin shaft.
8. A drive mechanism for a laundry machine of the type that has a
vertical spin tub for centrifugal drying and an oscillator agitator
therein, said agitator having a generally conical shaped base, the
mechanism comprising:
a reversible motor operatively connected to a drive pulley that is
adapted to rotate in either first or second directions, the first
rotational direction being operative to rotate the spin tub and
agitator for the purpose of providing centrifugal drying, the
second rotational direction being operative to provide oscillating
movement of said agitator;
coaxial spin and agitator drive shafts, the agitator drive shaft
being concentric with and inside of said spin drive shaft and
adapted to rotate relative to said spin drive shaft when said
pulley is rotated in said second direction;
braking means for preventing rotation of said spin drive shaft when
said pulley is rotated in said second direction, said braking means
being adapted to release said spin shaft for rotational movement
responsive to rotation of said drive pulley in said first
direction;
a lower housing supporting said agitator and spin drive shafts to
prevent translational movement thereof, but permitting rotation of
said spin shaft, spin tub and agitator relative to said lower
housing when said drive pulley is rotated in said first
direction;
agitator transmission means within a transmission housing being
substantially contained within the area of said agitator conical
base, said agitator transmission means being effective to provide
oscillating agitator rotational movement responsive to rotation of
said agitator drive shaft in said second direction, said agitator
transmission means including an internal gear the outer circular
periphery of which is substantially smooth, said transmission
housing having a mating internal cylindrical wall for receiving the
internal gear to prevent translational movement while permitting
rotation thereof;
the compact placement of said agitator transmission substantially
within the conical volume beneath said agitator base being
effective to provide a relatively balanced weight that is conducive
to minimizing unbalance and vibration conditions during relatively
fast rotation in said first direction which occurs during
centrifugal drying.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
J. Richard Cochran and Ronald L. Altnau, Ser. No. 323,736 filed
Jan. 15, 1973 for A Conical Spring Disk Braking Mechanism.
DISCLOSURE
The present invention generally relates to a drive mechanism for
laundry machines of the type which have a spin tub that is rapidly
rotated for the purpose of centrifugally extracting water from
clothes contained therein and an agitator which is rotatively
oscillated.
Laundry machines of the type that have an agitator as well as a
spin tub for centrifugal extraction of washing fluid from clothes
are generally driven by a reversible electric motor and suitable
input drive linkage which typically produces centrifugal drying or
extraction when the motor is driven in one direction and rotative
oscillation of an agitator through a suitable transmission when the
motor is driven in the opposite direction. The complete drive
mechanism is usually positioned below the drain tub which surrounds
the spin tub of the laundry machine and, by virtue of the relative
complexity of the apparatus, occupies most of the area below the
drain tub. This is because the transmission for producing
rotational oscillation of the agitator from a single direction
rotation input as well as the necessary apparatus for enabling
spinning of the spin tub for centrifugal drying must all be
contained substantially below the drain tub of the laundry machine.
Since the spin tube must usually be spun at a relatively rapid
angular velocity to effect reasonably complete extraction of
washing fluid from the clothes, it should be understood that
difficulty may easily be experienced if the spin tub agitator and
other components that are rotated are not reasonably well
balanced.
Thus, most laundry machines are designed so that the agitator
transmission portion of the drive mechanism is contained below the
drain tub so that it will not be rotated during the spin or
centrifugal drying portion of a washing cycle.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved
drive mechanism for a laundry machine of the type that has a
vertical oscillating agitator and a vertical spin tub, wherein the
drive mechanism is more compact and occupies less space.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a drive
mechanism that includes an agitator transmission for producing
rotational oscillation of the agitator and wherein the transmission
is substantially contained within a space surrounded by the conical
base portion of the agitator itself.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a drive
mechanism that includes an agitator transmission as described above
which is relatively compact and balanced, enabling it to be rapidly
rotated with the spin tub during centrifugal drying or
extraction.
A related object of the present invention is to provide the drive
mechanism including an agitator transmission that is fabricated
from a relatively small number of moving parts thereby enabling it
to be compact and relatively well balanced around a center of
rotation.
A more specific object of the present invention is to provide an
agitator transmission having an outer housing that is adapted to
provide guiding and support surfaces for the interior moving parts
in addition to sealing the interior thereof from water
penetration.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a drive
mechanism having an agitator transmission that is capable of being
easily serviced in that it may be completely removed from the top
side of the laundry machine with a minimum of effort.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent
upon reading the following detailed description while referring to
the attached drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a partial elevation of a laundry machine showing the
drain and spin tubs, the agitator and drive mechanism of the
present invention, including the agitator transmission;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial elevation of the laundry machine
shown in FIG. 1, particularly illustrating the agitator
transmission of the drive mechanism embodying the present
invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross section of the agitator transmission and is taken
generally along the line 3--3 of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a portion of the
agitator transmission with emphasis being placed upon the nature of
relative movement between the internal components thereof.
While the present invention will be described in connection with a
preferred embodiment, it should be understood that the intention is
not to be limited to the particular embodiment shown but, on the
contrary, it is the intention to cover the various alternative and
equivalent arrangements that are included with the spirit and scope
of the appended claims.
Turning to the drawings, and particularly FIG. 1, a laundry machine
is illustrated which has a vertical tub and agitator together with
a drive mechanism embodying the present invention. Broadly stated,
the laundry machine has a cylindrical open top drain tub 10 which
is supported on a suitable framework 12. Within the drain tub 10 is
an open top cylindrical spin tub 14 which is rotatable about a
vertical axis. The particular spin tub 14 illustrated is an
imperforate container which is filled with water for washing and
rinsing clothes. During rapid rotation or spinning, the tub 14 acts
a a centrifuge to discharge water over the upper edges and into the
drain tub 10 and thereby remove excess water from the clothes.
Washing is accomplished by a centrally positioned agitator 16 which
rotatively oscillates about a vertical axis concentric with the
spin axis of the spin tub 14. As shown, the lower portion of the
agitator 16 is generally conical shaped and the agitator may have
one or more generally radially outwardly extending vanes or flanges
18 for agitating the water during oscillation of the agitator.
In a normal cycle of operation, clothes are placed in the spin tub
14 and wash water and detergent are added. The agitator 16 is then
rotatively oscillated for a predetermined time to wash the clothes.
Thereafter, the spin tub 14 is rotated at high speed to
centrifugally extract the wash water from the clothes and spin tub.
Upon completion of the spinning, rinse water is added and, if
desired, the agitator 16 is restarted. After again stopping the
agitator, the tub 14 is again spun to extract the rinse water from
the clothes and upon completion of this task, typically completes
the cycle of operation and enables the clothes to be removed from
the machine.
The present invention is directed to the drive mechanism for
providing oscillation of agitator 16 as well as for rapidly
rotating the spin tub and agitator for centrifugally drying the
clothes being washed and, more particularly, to the agitator
transmission of the drive mechanism, indicated generally at 20,
which is effective to provide rotational oscillation of its output
shaft and the agitator 16 responsive to single direction rotation
at its input. The spin tub 14 is held or restrained from rotating
when the agitator is being oscillated by the application of braking
force on the spin tub 14 by a braking mechanism, indicated
generally at 22, which will not be described in extensive detail
herein, the braking mechanism being the subject of a separate
application by Cochran and Altnau, which is cross referenced herein
and assigned to the same assignee as the present invention.
In keeping with the present invention, the spin tub 14, agitator 16
and agitator transmission 20 are supported by an upright tubular
pedestal 24 that contains upper and lower bearings 26 and 28 in
which a spin shaft 30 is journaled. The upper bearings 26 are not
in direct contact with the spin shaft 30, however, as the spin
shaft 30 is fitted interiorally of a downwardly extending annular
collar 32 of a housing cover 34 of an agitator transmission housing
36. The tubular pedestal 24 also includes an annular bushing 38
that contacts the cover 34 and thereby supports the agitator
transmission, agitator and spin tub 14. It should be realized that
rotation of the spin shaft 30 will enable the complete spin tub 14,
agitator 16 and agitator transmission 20 to rotate in bearings 26
and 28.
To drive the spin tub and agitator, a reversible electric motor 40
is provided, its output having a pulley 42 driving a belt 44 that
is also carried by a second pulley 46 attached to a shaft 48 of a
pump 50 as well as a fluid drive 52. The fluid drive has an output
pulley 54 carrying a belt 56 which is also carried by a drive
pulley 58 that is adapted to drive the spin shaft 30 or agitator
transmission 20, depending upon the direction in which it is
rotating.
Briefly stated, when the motor 40 is operating in a clockwise
direction as viewed from beneath it, the pulleys 46, 54 and 58 will
also be driven in a clockwise direction which results in rotation
of the spin tub 14. However, when the motor is driven in the
opposite direction, causing the pulleys 46, 54 and 58 to be driven
in a counterclockwise direction, the agitator 16 will be
oscillated. When the pulley 58 is driven in the counterclockwise
direction to produce the oscillation of the agitator 16, the spin
shaft 30 and spin tub is held or restrained by the brake mechanism
22. Rotating the pulley 58 in a clockwise direction is effective to
release the braking mechanism 22 and permit the spin shaft 30 to be
rotated which drives the spin tub until the spin portion of the
washing cycle is terminated. As is described in the copending
application cross referenced herein, as soon as the pulley 58 is
turned in a counterclockwise direction relative to the clockwise
rotating spin shaft or tube 30, the braking mechanism 32 will be
applied to quickly stop rotation of the spin shaft and spin tub
14.
In keeping with the present invention, the pulley 58 is attached to
an input shaft 60 that drives the agitator transmission 20 when the
pulley is driven in the counterclockwise direction as viewed from
the bottom of the laundry machine. This is achieved by virtue of
the pulley 58 being axially slidable on the input shaft 60 and
having a pair of downwardly extending helical surfaces at the hub
portion that cooperatively engage inclined helical surfaces of a
fixed washer 62 that is attached to the shaft 60 by a washer 64 and
bolt 66 threadly inserted in a suitable aperture at the end of the
shaft 60. As is more fully described in the above cross referenced
application of Cochran and Altnau, rotation of the pulley 58 in the
counterclockwise direction has the effect of rotating the shaft 60
in the same direction with no relative movement between the pulley
and shaft. The operation of the braking mechanism 22 is also
uneffected and is thereby maintained in a braked condition which
prevents the spin shaft 30 and spin tub 14 from rotating. However,
when the pulley 58 is rotated in the clockwise direction, the
cooperating helical surfaces of the washer 62 permit the pulley 58
to climb or ride up the washer 62 causing the pulley 58 to move
upwardly toward the spin shaft until it makes contact therewith
while simultaneously operating to release the braking mechanism 22
and, responsive to further rotation of the pulley 58 in the same
direction, causing a spin shaft 30 to rotate which occurs during
the spin portion of a washing cycle.
In keeping with the present invention, the agitator transmission 20
is substantially contained beneath the conical shaped base portion
of the agitator 16. As best shown in FIGS. 2-4, the agitator
transmission 20 has a conical shaped housing 36 and cooperating
housing cover 34 generally contained between the conical base of
the agitator 16 and the bottom elevation of the spin tub 14.
As can be seen from the drawings, the agitator transmission 20 has
an output shaft 72 extending upwardly from the housing 36, the
output shaft 72 being rotatable within an elongated cylindrical
member 74 that engages a cooperating opening within the upper
portion of the housing 36 in sealed relation. The cylindrical
member has upper and lower bushings 77, 79 for reducing friction
and wear. The top of the output agitator shaft 72 has a tapered
hexagon block 81 for fittingly engaging the agitator 16. Thus, when
the agitator transmission shaft 60 is rotated in a counterclockwise
direction when viewed from below it, the output shaft 72 will
oscillate the agitator.
To provide the oscillating motion of the agitator responsive to
single direction rotation of the agitator transmission input shaft
60, the operation can best be described while referring to the
simplified and exploded perspective view of FIG. 4. The input shaft
60 is shown to have a pinion gear 76 attached to its upper end. A
speed reducer gear 78 having upper and lower gear teeth 80 and 82
is rotatable about a fixed stud 84 and is at an elevation so that
the lower teeth 82 mesh with the pinion 76. A large internal gear
90 is provided and has internal teeth 92 which mesh with the upper
teeth 80 of the reducer 78. Thus, when the reducer 78 is rotated
about its fixed stud 84, it rotates the internal gear 90 around its
center. Within the top surface of the internal gear 90 is an
aperture 94 adapted to receive a stud 96 over which fits a slide 98
having a generally rectangular outer configuration which engages a
slideway 100 of a rack carriage 102. The rack carriage 102 may be
reciprocated along a generally horizontal path as shown by the
adjacently placed arrows, it having an elongated bore adapted to
receive a cylindrical guide rod 104 that is fixed to the housing 36
at both ends. The rack carriage has a straight generally vertical
toothed bar 106 that meshes with a pinion gear 108 fixed to the
output shaft 72. In operation, rotation of the internal gear 90
will move the stud 96 around a circular path generally
corresponding to the arrows as shown. The slider will accordingly
be moved back and forth in the slideway 100 of the rack carriage
while simultaneously traveling in an orbital path to reciprocate
the rack carriage along the guide rod 104. The toothed bar 106 will
accordingly rotate the pinion 108 attached to the output shaft 72
in opposite directions as the toothed bar is reciprocated.
With respect to more specific construction features of the agitator
transmission 20 and referring to FIGS. 1-3, the input shaft 60 is
coaxially positioned interiorly of the spin shaft 30 and is free to
rotate relative to the spin shaft 30 within the upper and lower
annular bushings 112, 114. The pinion gear 76, attached to the
upper end of the input shaft 60 by means of a washer 116 and bolt
118, is prohibited from rotating relative to the shaft by means of
cooperating grooves and splines (See FIG. 4). The stud 84 is
retained by the housing cover 34 and has a smooth outer surface so
that the speed reducer 78 may freely rotate around it.
In accordance with an important aspect of the present invention,
the internal gear 90 has its outer peripheral surface smoothly
machined to enable it to be rotated around its center line without
substantial resistance. To this end, the outer periphery of the
internal gear is guided by the mating internal cylindrical wall of
the housing 36 and thereby limits the movement of the internal gear
to rotation around its center, even though there is no center shaft
associated with it. Similarly, the internal gear 90 is vertically
supported by the upper surface 120 of the housing cover 34 and it
should be understood that the internal gear may be readily removed
from the transmission in the event a number of bolts 122 holding
the cover 34 to the upper housing 36 are removed and the cover is
removed therefrom.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention the
upper surface of the internal gear 90 is also machined to a smooth
surface, because the rack carriage is in slidable contact with it
during operation, as is the slider 98.
In keeping with the invention, the housing 36 has a pair of
protrusions 126 to permit the rack carriage to reciprocate a
greater distance within the housing, the protrusions 126 also
having apertures 128 for receiving the guide rod 104 which limits
the rack carriage to only reciprocating movement as shown in solid
and phantom lines in FIG. 3. It should be readily understood, that
the bore in the rack carriage which slidingly receives the guide
rod 104 is parallel to the straight toothed bar 106, so that during
reciprocating movement of the rack carriage 102, the toothed bar
will mesh with and rotatively oscillate the pinion 108 and thereby
oscillate the output shaft 72 and agitator 16.
It should be understood from the above detailed description that an
improved drive mechanism for a laundry machine has been shown and
described, and has many advantages in terms of its compactness and
simplicity of operation. The balanced design of the agitator
transmission enables it to be placed above the drain tub so that it
may be rapidly rotated during the spin portion of the washing
cycle, and its compactness permits it to be substantially located
inside of the base of the agitator. It is believed that the drive
mechanism of the present invention satisfies all of the objects and
advantages that have been previously described.
* * * * *