U.S. patent number 3,844,091 [Application Number 05/411,666] was granted by the patent office on 1974-10-29 for package cut-out apparatus.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Oscar Mayer & Co., Inc.. Invention is credited to Myron J. Merdler, Andrew H. Vedvik.
United States Patent |
3,844,091 |
Vedvik , et al. |
October 29, 1974 |
PACKAGE CUT-OUT APPARATUS
Abstract
In package-forming apparatus for individually packaging
elongated articles such as small sausages between opposing,
continuous webs of sealable film means are provided for completely
separating or cutting out groups of the individually packaged
articles while partially severing the articles in each group for
ready separation from each other. In a preferred embodiment a
predetermined number of these packaged articles, e.g. five, is
completely severed with each of the five articles in the group
being partially severed from each other along a readily separable
line of perforation. The mechanism for severing and perforating the
individually packaged articles is mounted around the periphery or
rim of a wheel structure disposed for rotation over the discharge
end of the upper run of an endless chain of lower die plates having
cavities for receiving the lower portions of each individual
article.
Inventors: |
Vedvik; Andrew H. (Madison,
WI), Merdler; Myron J. (Monona, WI) |
Assignee: |
Oscar Mayer & Co., Inc.
(Madison, WI)
|
Family
ID: |
23629841 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/411,666 |
Filed: |
November 1, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
53/555; 53/374.4;
53/559; 156/583.1; 53/373.4; 83/337 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65B
19/34 (20130101); B65B 61/08 (20130101); Y10T
83/4812 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
B65B
19/00 (20060101); B65B 19/34 (20060101); B65B
61/04 (20060101); B65B 61/08 (20060101); B65b
051/30 (); B65b 009/12 (); B65b 061/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;53/18R,182,296,297,298,329,373,191,184R,112A ;156/583
;83/337,338 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Spruill; Robert L.
Assistant Examiner: Culver; Horace M.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Lockwood, Dewey, Zickert &
Alex
Claims
What is claimed as new is:
1. In apparatus for individually packaging elongated articles in
sealed parallel spaced relation between upper and lower continuous
webs of sealable packaging film including an endless chain of
parallel lower die blocks each having a die cavity therein for
supporting said lower web and receiving the lower portion of an
article to be packaged, said endless chain having an upper run on
which the packaging operations are performed, means for supplying
said elongated articles to said lower web, and means for sealing
said upper web to said lower web, the improvement comprising: means
for completely or partially severing each or selected ones of said
sealed articles from an adjacent sealed article on at least one
side thereof, including a support wheel; means mounting said wheel
over said upper run of lower die blocks for rotation on a
horizontal axis parallel to said lower die blocks and transversely
to the direction of movement thereof; a plurality of upper die
blocks mounted on the rim of said support wheel for sequential
mating engagement with said lower die blocks; a plurality of knives
mounted for sequential projection into radially aligned spaces
between said lower die blocks; and, actuating means for said
knives, said actuating means comprising, a plurality of air
cylinders radially mounted within the rim portion of said support
wheel with the outer end of the piston rod of each air cylinder
being supportingly connected to one of said knives, a valve ring
concentrically located on one side of said support wheel and having
circumferentially spaced transverse openings therein corresponding
in number and spacing to said cylinders, said support wheel having
internal passageways interconnecting each of said transverse air
ring openings with one of said air cylinders, and air valve means
mounted to register in pressure communicating relationship with
each of said transverse air ring openings as its associated air
cylinder and knife registers with the space between adjacent lower
die blocks thereby actuating said associated air cylinder and knife
to sever or perforate the packaging film interconnecting adjacent
packages along a line registering with the space between a pair of
adjacent lower die blocks.
2. In the apparatus of claim 1 said knives including knives with
continuous cutting edges for completely severing the packaging film
interconnecting adjacent packages and thereby detaching adjacent
packages from each other and knives with discontinuous cutting
edges for perforating the packaging film interconnecting adjacent
packages thereby rendering adjacent packages readily detachable
from each other, and each pair of said knives with said continuous
cutting edges having disposed therebetween a plurality of knives
with said discontinuous cutting edges.
3. In the apparatus of claim 1 said upper die blocks being provided
with heater means. equal
4. In the apparatus of claim 1 each of said upper die blocks having
a passageway therein with inlet and outlet ports whereby heating
fluid may be circulated therethrough, said means for mounting said
support wheel being a shaft with non-connecting passageways
extending inwardly therein from opposite ends, fluid transmitting
disc means mounted on said shaft having a pair of central chambers
from each of which a set of passageways eqyal in number to said
upper die blocks extend to ports in the periphery of said disc
means, a conduit connecting one of said ports of each upper die
block with a port in one of said sets of ports and another conduit
connecting the reamining one of said ports of each upper die block
with a port in the remaining one of said sets of ports, said shaft
having one inner port communicating between one of said inwardly
extending passageways therein and one of said central chambers and
having a second inner port communicating between the remaining one
of said inwardly extending passageways therein and the remaining
one of said central chambers.
5. In the apparatus as called for in claim 4 said fluid
transmitting disc means consisting of a pair of separate discs with
each disc having one of said central chambers and one of said sets
of passageways.
6. In the apparatus of claim 1 said valve ring comprising a
separate ring member mounted on said support wheel.
7. In the apparatus of claim 1 said air valve means comprising a
stationary nipple, a cup member telescopically mounted on said
nipple with a port which sequentially registers with said openings
in said valve ring.
8. In the apparatus as called for in claim 7 said cup including a
chamber with differential areas arranged so that said cup is
normally urged in the direction of said valve ring.
9. In the apparatus as called for in claim 7, said cup member
having a vertical surface juxtaposed to the outer vertical surface
of said valve ring and having at least one circular sealing element
of low-coefficient of friction mounted in said vertical surface for
sliding sealing engagement with said outer vertical surface.
Description
The present invention relates generally to innovations and
improvements in packaging elongated articles of uniform size and
shape, particularly, small sausages such as wieners and smokie
links, in spaced parallel relationship between sealable packaging
films so that the articles can be consummed one by one without
having to leave one or more unused articles in unsealed
condition.
Apparatus and methods have heretofore been provided for packaging
groups of elongated articles of uniform size and shape such as
wieners and smokie links, in side-by-side touching relationship in
evacuated, hermetically sealed skin-tight envelopes formed from
upper and lower webs of packaging film having excellent oxygen and
moisture barrier properties. Apparatus and methods of this general
character for packaging wieners, smokie links and the like in
groups are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,083,106; 3,129,545;
3,147,587; 3,189,505; and 3,195,288.
While in the above-mentioned patents the upper and lower webs of
packaging films utilized include laminates of saran film initially
in the super-cooled or amorphous condition and such films are also
used to advantage in practicing the present invention, it will be
appreciated that the apparatus and method of the present invention
are not limited to the use of packaging films formed of saran or
laminates of saran in the super-cooled or amorphous condition but
are applicable to other packaging films which can be readily sealed
around the articles to be packaged.
Heretofore, as disclosed in the above-identified patents, small
sausages such as wieners and smokie links have been packaged in
flat, side-by-side groups of five, for example, between upper and
lower webs of packaging film which by use of the apparatus and
method of the above-mentioned patents form evacuated, hermetically
sealed envelopes or packages tightly fitting or conforming to such
groups of small sausages. While such prior packaged groups of small
sausages have been adapted to be partially opened in such manner
that individual sausage can be removed therefrom one at a time if
desired, nevertheless, once the hermetic seal is broken in order to
remove a single sausage the remaining sausages no longer have the
protection that the hermetically sealed envelopes originally
afforded.
Accordingly, there has been a requirement for apparatus and method
whereby single sausages such as wieners and smokie links could be
economically sealed in individual hermetically sealed envelopes
formed of packaging film exhibiting adequate oxygen and moisture
barrier properties. The apparatus and method of packaging disclosed
in the above-mentioned patents include means and steps of
separating or removing hermetically sealed packages of wieners and
smokie links from the combined, continuous upper and lower films
utilized in forming the packages. While the same general apparatus
and method could also be adapted for removing separate packages of
single wieners or sausages, merchandising requirements call for
separating or removing the individually or singly packaged sausages
in predetermined groups, e.g. five with the individual articles or
sausages in such groups being readily separable one from another so
that the consumer can remove them and use them one at a time.
The object of the present invention, generally stated, is the
provision of an apparatus and method for receiving elongated
articles of uniform size and shape, such as wieners or smokie
links, which have been individually packaged in separate
hermetically sealed envelopes formed in parallel spaced
relationship between sealable upper and lower webs of packaging
film and then functioning or operating to both separate or sever
such articles in groups of predetermined number, e.g. five, from
such sealed webs and to also partially separate the individual
envelopes or packages within each group so as to leave them
interconnected along lines of perforations permitting ready
detachment or separation one from another.
A more specific object of the invention is the provision of
apparatus and method of the type described which may be located
over the discharge end of the upper run of an endless chain of
lower single-cavity die blocks and which apparatus and method
efficiently utilize compressed air to sequentially actuate a series
of projectable-retractable severing and perforating knives.
Certain other objects of a more detailed and specific nature will
be apparent from the following description of a preferred
embodiment of the invention.
For a more complete understanding of the nature and scope of the
invention reference may now be had to the following description
thereof taken in connection with the accompanying drawings,
wherein:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of packaging apparatus for
continuously forming hermetically sealed envelopes around
individual wieners or smokie links by combining upper and lower
webs of packaging film with an embodiment of the present invention
forming one of the functional units of the apparatus and operating
to separate the individually packaged wieners or smokie links in
small groups from within which individual envelopes or packages of
single wieners or sausages may be readily separated;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a group of five wieners or smokie links
individually packaged on the apparatus of FIG. 1 in hermetically
sealed evacuated film envelopes with each being readily detachable
from one another;
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view on enlarged scale taken on line
3--3 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of a portion of
FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary view partly in section and partly
in side elevation taken on line 5--5 of FIG. 3; and,
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary side elevational view taken on line 6--6 of
FIG. 3.
Referring to FIG. 1, a packaging machine in its entirety is
indicated generally at 10, being supplied from the left hand end
with an upper web of packaging film 11 and a lower web 12 and being
further supplied with individual wieners from a supply feeder of
known type indicated generally at 13, the feeder 13 operates
automatically to discharge wieners onto a series of single-cavity
lower die blocks 14--14 (FIGS. 3 and 5) interconnected in an
endless chain with the upper run thereof passing or travelling from
the left end of the machine to the right discharge underneath the
feeder 13 and certain other units.
The machine 10 operates to individually package wieners in
hermetically sealed individual envelopes formed from the upper and
lower films 11 and 12 and to discharge the individually packaged
wieners in groups of five indicated at 15.
The packaging films 11 and 12 may comprise laminates of
polyvinylidene choloride co-polymer (i.e. saran) in the
super-cooled (i.e. amorphous) condition as described, for example,
in the above-mentioned Pat. No. 3,189,505. Alternatively, the films
11 and 12 can be formed of other materials that can be rendered
sufficiently formable on heating so as to envelope the individual
wieners and then be sealed on the machine 10.
The support for the upper run of the chain of interconnected lower
die blocks 14--14 is indicated generally at 16 in FIG. 1. In
addition to passing underneath the wiener feeder 13 the lower die
blocks or plates 14 also pass under a lower film press and
suck-down unit indicated generally at 17, a package-forming,
evacuating and sealing unit indicated generally at 18, and a
package perforating and cut-out unit indicated generally at 20. The
lower film press and suckdown unit 17 may, for example, have the
construction shown and described in co-pending application Ser. No.
370,394 filed June 15, 1973 and assigned to the assignee of the
present invention and application.
On passing through the package-forming unit 18 the upper web 11 of
packaging film is sucked into the single die cavities in a series
of upper die blocks 19 which mate sequentially with the lower die
blocks 14 previously loaded with wieners or smokie links, so as to
form individual evacuated and hermetically sealed packages or
envelopes around each individual wiener. On leaving the unit 18 the
individually packaged wieners still carried on the lower die blocks
14 and now included in the combined webs 11 and 12 pass into the
package perforating and cut-out unit 20 which forms one specific
embodiment of the present invention. In passing through the unit 20
the combined layers of film material interconnecting individually
sealed wieners are perforated along lines 21--21 (FIG. 2) except
where the film is completely cut through to separate the individual
packages 15--15 along the side edges indicated at 22--22.
Since the lower film press and suck-down unit 17, wiener feeder and
loader units 13 and package-forming unit 18 do not form a part of
the present invention, they will not be specifically described.
However, in general, these units of the apparatus 10 may conform to
the corresponding units of the packaging apparatus described and
shown in the abovementioned patents except that in the apparatus or
machine 10 these units operate with single-cavity upper and lower
die blocks or plates rather than multiple-cavity die plates and
blocks.
In FIG. 2 one of the groups 15 of five package wieners or smokie
links is shown with the sausages being individually packaged in
evacuated and hermetically sealed envelopes 23--23, which are
readily detachable from one another along the lines of perforations
or scoring 21--21. If desired a tear strip 24 may be incorporated
in known manner along one edge of the package 15 between the upper
and lower films 11 and 12 so as to facilitate the opening of each
individual envelope 23. The tape 24 when used is dispensed from a
mechanism of known type indicated generally at 25 in FIG. 1.
Referring to FIGS. 3-6, for a detailed description of the
construction and operation of the package cut-out and perforating
unit 20, it comprises a wheel 25 mounted for rotation on a shaft 26
journaled adjacent opposite ends in bearings 27--27 mounted on
upright supports 28-28. The shaft 26 and hub 30 of the wheel 25 are
provided with key-ways for receiving therein a key 31. A pair of
set screws 32--32 assist in locking the wheel 25 on the shaft 26
for rotation therewith.
Each of the bearings 27 is secured to the upper end of its adjacent
support 28 by a set of cap screws 33--33. Exteriorly of the left
hand bearing 27 (FIG. 3) a sprocket hub 34 is secured to the
projecting end of the shaft 26 by a key 35 and set screw 36. The
sprocket hub 34 supports a sprocket 37 which is secured in place by
a plurality of cap screws 38--38. The sprocket 37 is driven by a
chain (not shown) which serves to drive the wheel 27 in timed
relation with the other moving parts of the machine 10.
In order to transmit driving force to the upper run of lower die
blocks 14 and thereby assist in the driving thereof, sets of
radially oriented driver lugs 40--40 (FIGS. 3 and 6) are secured on
opposite sides of the rim portion of the wheel 25 by pairs of cap
screws 41--41. Each of the lugs 40 is provided with a semi-circular
notch 42 in its distal end so as to have sequential mating
engagement with the upper exposed portion of hardened drive pins
43--43 carried on the projecting ends of alternate lower die blocks
14. Accordingly, with the wheel 25 having, for example, 60 upper
heater die blocks 44--44 mounted around the rim as will be
described, there will be 30 lugs 40 in each set thereof.
Inwardly of the left hand set of driver lugs 40 (FIG. 3) a pair of
heating fluid distributor discs 45 and 46 are mounted on the shaft
26 and secured in place thereon between the adjacent side of the
hub of wheel 25 and a retaining collar 47 secured in place by set
screw 48. Each of the distributor discs 45 and 46 has a plurality
of radial passageways extending outwardly from central annular
chambers 50 and 51, respectively, at the centers thereof. The
radial passageways are indicated at 52--52 and 53--53,
respectively, and correspond in number to the number of heater die
blocks 44. The outer end of each of the radial passageways 52 and
53, respectively, is interconnected by means of a tube 54 and 55 to
each of the heater die blocks 44. Suitable fittings 56 and 57
secure the inner ends of the tubes 54 and 55, respectively. Sets of
fittings 58 and 60 connect the outer ends of each pair of tubes 54
and 55, respectively, to the heater die blocks 44. Each die block
may have hair pin shaped passageway 39 (FIG. 4) to allow heating
fluid to flow along one side and return along the opposite
side.
The heater die blocks 44 are provided with fluid circulating
passageways so that heating fluid (e.g. hot water) introduced or
delivered to a heater block 44 through one of the tubular
connections 54 or 55 can circulate through the heater die block 44
and then discharge through the other of the tubular connections 54
or 55.
The shaft 26 is drilled inwardly from opposite ends so as to
provide passageways 61 and 62 the inner ends of which do not meet
and communicate with the ports 63 and 64, respectively, which lead
to the annular chambers 50 and 51, respectively.
Each of the heater die blocks 44 is formed with a longitudinally
extending central die cavity 65 for mating with a die cavity 66
(FIG. 3) in the upper face of a lower die block member 14. Each of
the upper heater die blocks 44 is supported from adjacent its
opposite end by means of shouldered retaining screws 69 extending
through counterbored transverse holes 67 with the inner ends
thereof screwed into spacer nuts 68--68.
The internally thread spacer nuts 68 are disposed in counterbored
holes 70--70 in opposite sides of the rim of the wheel 25. The
counterbored openings 70 also accommodate from the inside of the
wheel cap screws 71--71 threaded into the inner ends of the spacer
nuts 68. Each of the shouldered screws 69--69 is provided with a
compressed coil spring 72--72 with the outer end of each bearing
against a washer 73 and the inner end bearing against a washer 74,
thereby resiliently biasing each of the heater die blocks 44 in an
outward position.
As the wheel 25 rotates and each heater die block 44 passes through
its nadir (FIG. 5) it mates with the upper surface of one of the
lower die blocks 14 supporting one of the individual sealed package
envelopes 23. The heat transmitted to the film serves to crystalize
the same in the case of super-cooled saran films or laminates
thereby rendering the same easily handleable without adhering to
itself or to the other surfaces. The compression springs 72 permit
each of the heater blocks 44 to yield inwardly as necessary during
the mating engagement with the upper surface of a lower die block
14.
Outwardly projectable and inwardly retractable cutting and
perforating blades 75' and 75 are disposed in the radial spaces 100
between the heater die blocks 44 on the exterior of the rim of the
wheel 25 (FIG. 5). The blades 75' --75' are cut-through blades with
continuous cutting edges at their extremities whereas the blades 75
are perforating blades having perforating cutting edges at the
extremities.
Each of the knives 75 or 75' is supported at the upper middle
portion thereof by a clamp 76 attached to the outer end of the
piston rod 77 of an actuating air cylinder 78 of known commercial
type. On actuation, air under pressure is admitted to the upper end
of the cylinder 78 and serves to extend the piston rod 77 and
attached blade 75 or 75' . When the air pressure is relieved, a
compressed spring within the cylinder 78 serves to retract the
piston rod and blade.
Each air cylinder 78 is received within a radially extending
counterbore in the wheel structure 25 with an 0-ring 80 seated in
the bottom of the counterbore and on which is seated a sleeve 81
which is retained in place together with the air cylinder 78 by a
bracket 82 held in place by a pair of cap screws 83--83.
The single air inlet and exhaust port into the upper end of each
single acting cylinder 78 communicates with a radially extending
passageway 84 in the wheel structure 25 which in turn communicates
with a transversely extending passageway 85 registering with a
transverse opening 86 in an air ring 87 concentrically mounted on
the side of the wheel 25 by means of circumferentially spaced cap
screws 88--88. The juncture between each passageway 85 and opening
86 is sealed by an O-ring 88.
For the purpose of sequentially introducing or admitting air under
pressure to the air cylinders 78 as each knife or blade 75' or 75
passes through its nadir position, an air valve assembly indicated
generally at 90, is telescopically mounted on the end of a nipple
91 extending from a fitting 92 carried on the inner side of the
right hand upright support 28. Communicating passageways extending
through the upright 28, fitting 92 and nipple 91 connect the air
valve assembly 90 to any suitable source of air under pressure.
The air valve assembly 90 comprises a cup-like fitting 93 slidably
mounted on the end of the nipple 91 with the sliding fit being
sealed by an O-ring 94 retained in a circumferential groove on the
interior of the fitting 93. The interior of the collar 93 is also
provided with a circumferential chamber 95 from which a centered
port 96 extends for registration with each of the openings 86 as
the latter passes through their nadir position during rotation of
the wheel 25. A pair of Teflon sealing rings 97 and 98 are retained
in the outer end or face of the fitting 93 which bears against the
outer side of the air ring 87.
Air pressure introduced into the air valve assembly 90 through the
nipple 96 acts against the inner surfaces of the chamber 95. Since
the vertical wall thereof adjacent the port 96 has greater area
than the relatively narrow opposing wall of the chamber, a
differential in force is created acting to continuously press the
fitting 93 against the face of the air ring 87. The concentric
Teflon rings 97 and 98 provide a low-drag sliding sealed fit
between the outer face of the air valve fitting 93 and the rotating
air ring 87.
In operation, it will be seen that each time one of the transverse
ports or passageways 86 circumferentially located around the air
ring 87 registers with the port 96 in the air valve assembly 90,
air under pressure is admitted to the upper end of the associated
air cylinder 78 actuating it to rapidly project the severing or
perforating blades 75' or 75 outwardly through the radial space 100
(FIG. 5) between two adjacent heater die blocks 44 and into the
radially aligned space 101 between a pair of the lower die blocks
14--14. The result of this action is to either completely sever or
perforate, as the case may be, the sealed layers 11 and 12 of film
intermediate adjacent wieners along the cut-off lines 22 or lines
of perforations 21 (FIG. 2).
As soon as each port 86 passes through its nadir and leaves the air
valve assembly 90, it will be seen that it is opened to the
atmosphere so as to vent the associated air cylinder 78 and allow
the piston therein to be retracted so as to simultaneously withdraw
or retract the cut-off or perforating blade 75' or 75,
respectively, to its withdrawn position as shown in FIG. 5.
It will be apparent that a number of changes or modifications of a
detailed or design nature may be made in the package perforating
and cut-out unit 20 without departing from the spirit and scope of
the invention as defined in the appended claims. For example, while
an air valve ring 87 formed of steel performs satisfactorily, the
ring could be formed of other materials such as brass or bronze.
Instead of heating the die blocks 44 by circulating heating fluid
therethrough these may be heated electrically such as by insertion
of Kelrod or equivalent known electrical heating elements. Instead
of having two separate heating fluid distributor discs 45 and 46
these could be combined into a single disc. It will also be
apparent that the packages arriving at the package cut-out and
perforating unit 20 can be formed in any suitable apparatus.
* * * * *