U.S. patent number 3,840,834 [Application Number 05/316,193] was granted by the patent office on 1974-10-08 for protector/indicator using ptc heater and thermostatic bimetal combination.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Texas Instruments Incorporated. Invention is credited to Robert E. Obenhaus, David J. Squiers.
United States Patent |
3,840,834 |
Obenhaus , et al. |
October 8, 1974 |
PROTECTOR/INDICATOR USING PTC HEATER AND THERMOSTATIC BIMETAL
COMBINATION
Abstract
An indicator and/or protector uses a PTC heater and a bimetallic
device in combination. As an indicator, power is passed through a
PTC pill, the pill being thermally coupled to the bimetallic
device. Upon sufficient transfer of heat from the pill to the
bimetallic device, a spring biased flag which is latched by the
bimetallic device becomes unlatched and provides an indicator of
this condition. The flag must be manually reset. A further
embodiment includes the bimetallic device as a portion of a switch
wherein, when the snapping temperature of the bimetallic device has
been reached, the switch can be opened, thereby providing a
protection function in addition to the indicator.
Inventors: |
Obenhaus; Robert E. (South
Easton, MA), Squiers; David J. (Bristol, MA) |
Assignee: |
Texas Instruments Incorporated
(Dallas, TX)
|
Family
ID: |
23227937 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/316,193 |
Filed: |
December 18, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
337/79; 337/107;
361/106; 337/77; 361/105 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G01R
19/16571 (20130101); H01H 71/164 (20130101); H01H
61/013 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01H
61/013 (20060101); H01H 61/00 (20060101); H01H
71/12 (20060101); H01H 71/16 (20060101); G01R
19/165 (20060101); H01h 071/04 (); H01h
061/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;337/77,78,79,107,332,376,417 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Grimley; A. T.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Haug; John A. McAndrews; James P.
Connors, Jr.; Edward J.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An alarm indicator which comprises,
a. a base member,
b. indicator means positioned in said base member biased to extend
out of said base member,
c. latching means secured to said base member for normally latching
said indicator means in said base member, said latching means being
a bimetallic device,
d. a PTC heater, thermally coupled to said latching means, for
causing said latching means to unlatch said indicator means
responsive to a predetermined condition of said heater,
e. means to apply current across said heater,
f. a load terminal, and
g. a switch connected in series with said load terminal, said
latching means forming a portion of said switch.
2. An alarm indicator which comprises,
a. a base member,
b. indicator means positioned in said base member biased to extend
out of said base member,
c. latching means secured to said base member for normally latching
said indicator means in said base member,
d. a PTC heater, thermally coupled to said latching means, for
causing said latching means to unlatch said indicator means
responsive to a predetermined condition of said heater,
e. means to apply current across said heater, and
f. a load terminal and a switch connected in series with said load
terminal, said latching means forming a portion of said switch,
said load terminal being electrically isolated from said PTC
heater.
3. An alarm indicator which comprises,
a. a base member,
b. indicator means positioned in said base member biased to extend
out of said base member,
c. latching means secured to said base member for normally latching
said indicator means in said base member, said latching means being
a bimetallic device,
d. a PTC heater, thermally coupled to said latching means, for
causing said latching means to unlatch said indicator means
responsive to a predetermined condition of said heater,
e. means to apply current across said heater, and
f. a load terminal, and a switch connected in series with said load
circuit, said latching means forming a portion of said switch, said
switch being electrically isolated from said PTC heater.
4. An alarm indicator comprising:
a base member,
indicator means mounted on said base member for reciprocal motion
and biased to extend out of said base member,
a thermally responsive latching means disposed on said base member
and adapted to prevent said indicating means from extending out of
said base member when said latching means is in a latched
position,
a PTC heater thermally coupled to said latching means for causing
said latching means to unlatch said indicating means responsive to
a predetermined condition of said heater, and
terminal means to apply current across said PTC heater.
5. An alarm indicator according to claim 4 in which said latching
means comprises a bimetal member having two ends one end of which
is electrically connected to one of said terminal means, a
stationary contact mounted on the base, the other end of the
bimetal member engageable with said stationary contact when the
indicator means is latched.
6. An alarm indicator according to claim 5 in which the indicator
means includes at least a portion of electrically insulative
material which is interposed between the other end of the bimetal
member and the stationary contact when the indicator means is
unlatched.
7. An alarm indicator according to claim 6 in which the PTC heater
is electrically isolated from the stationary contact and bimetal
member.
Description
This invention relates to an indicator and/or protector for use in
conjunction with electric circuits and, more specifically to a
bimetallic element controlled by a PTC pill for unlatching a
latched spring biased indicator and/or providing a protection
function.
In protection circuitry and particularly motor protection
circuitry, it is desirable to provide manually resettable
indicators and/or protection devices. Manually resettable
indicators are desirable in protective circuits having an automatic
reset capability so that it can be determined whether an alarm
condition was present at any time. The manually resettable
protection circuit is desirable in conjunction with the indicator
so that the location of the alarm condition is readily apparent. In
accordance with one prior art device, the above was accomplished by
providing a voltage responsive heating element, the heater
requiring the use of many turns of relatively fine resistance wire.
This wire was not only difficult to handle, but also lacked
physical stability when placed next to a bimetallic element.
Devices of this type, though operative, were difficult to
manufacture and of relatively high cost. It was also not possible
to place a sufficient length of resistance wire within the
enclosure to allow full line voltage to be applied across the
heater. This necessitated an external ballast resistor of
sufficient wattage to dissipate the excess power. Also, fragility
of the resistance wire and maintaining of its physical position
within the enclosure caused a problem.
In accordance with the present invention, the above problems of the
prior art are minimized by the use of a PTC heater used in
conjunction with a bimetallic element, the bimetallic element
providing a latching function for a spring biased flag. Upon a
predetermined movement of the bimetallic element due to heating by
the PTC heater, the latching action ceases and the flag or
indicator is biased into its indicating position. The indicator is
reset by manually relatching it after the bimetallic element has
cooled sufficiently. As an alternative embodiment, the bimetallic
element can also be a portion of a switch wherein sufficient
movement of the bimetallic element also opens the switch to provide
a protection function.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an indicator
and/or protector for use in protective circuits and the like.
It is still a further object of this invention to provide a
normally latched indicator which is unlatched by a PTC heater
controlled bimetallic element.
It is yet a further object of this invention to provide an
indicator and/or protector having a heating element which maintains
its physical position relative to a bimetallic element.
The above objects and still further objects of the invention will
become immediately apparent to those skilled in the art after
consideration of the following preferred embodiments thereof, which
are provided by way of example and not by way of limitation
wherein:
FIG. 1 is a view in elevation of the protector/indicator in
accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the protector/indicator of FIG. 1 with the
cover removed in the unlatched condition;
FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line 3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line 4--4 of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a view as in FIG. 2 in the latched condition;
FIG. 6 is a view taken along the line 6--6 of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of a protector and
indicator circuit in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a protector
and indicator in accordance with the present invention; and
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment of a protector
and indicator in accordance with the present invention.
Referring now to the figures, there is shown a protector and/or
indicator having a cover secured to base 3' by means of stakes 5
and 7. A plurality of terminals 9, 11 and 13 extend through
apertures in the base 3, the terminals then being staked to
permanently affix them in the base. The terminals 11 and 13 are
utilized for the indicator operation, terminal 9 being used only
for the protector function.
Referring now to FIGS. 2-4, there is shown the protector/indicator
with the cover 1 removed, the indicator being in the unlatched
state. The terminal 11 is coupled to one side of a PTC pill 15, the
other side of the PTC pill being coupled to terminal 13. A
bimetallic blade 17 is bonded to the pill or heater 15 and is
thermally coupled thereto. The blade can be either of the creep
type or snap action type, these being well known in the art. A flag
19 is positioned in a groove in the base 1 and is slidable in the
groove. The flag is shown in its extended position in FIGS. 2-4.
The flag 19 includes a dog leg portion 21, better shown in FIG. 3
which is normally latched by the finger 23 of blade 17 but is shown
in the unlatched position. This will be explained in more detail
hereinbelow. The flag 19 is moved into the extended or alarm
position by means of a spring 25 positioned in a groove in the base
3 by urging a protrusion 27 depending from the flag 19. The flag 19
is held in the groove by means of a finger 20 positioned in a
depression 22, the finger 20 being integral with the terminal
11.
Referring now to FIGS. 5 and 6, there is shown the
protector/indicator in the latched condition. When in the latched
condition, the flag 19 is pushed inwardly into the base 3 whereupon
the finger 23 of blade 17 latches against the dog leg portion 21 of
the flag. In this condition, the spring 25 is pushing against the
protrusion 27 and the finger 23 is contacting the terminal 9 for
use in the protection embodiment of the invention.
In operation, the flag 19 is normally set in the latched state as
shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. The finger 23 contacts the terminal 9 in
the event current is to pass through the bimetallic element 17 as
will be explained hereinbelow. The spring 25 is positioned in a
groove in the base 3 to force the protrusion 27 and the flag 19
outwardly. Upon sensing of an alarm condition the PTC heater 15
heats up the bimetallic element 17 until it either creeps above or
snaps above the dog leg 21, as the case may be. At this time, the
latch on the dog leg 21 by the finger 23 is removed and the flag is
urged forwardly by the bias on the protrusion 27 by the spring 25.
The flag can now only be manually reset. Also, in the protector
embodiment, since the dog leg 21 has now moved beneath the finger
23, the finger cannot make contact with terminal 9 without manual
reset. It should be noted the creep type element 17 will normally
be used when only the indicator function is desired. Otherwise the
snap type device would normally be used.
Referring now to FIG. 7, there is shown a circuit diagram of one
embodiment of a protector/indicator in accordance with the present
invention. In this embodiment, current to a load would flow from A
TO C through the bimetal element and some current would flow from A
to B through a PTC heater. When excessive current is flowing to A,
the PTC heater will cause the bimetal element to curve upwardly and
open the circuit from A to C. Referring to FIGS. 1-6, A could be
terminal 13, B could be terminal 11 and C could be terminal 9.
Referring now to FIG. 8, there is shown a second circuit diagram.
Here current to a load flows from terminals D to E through a
bimetal element. Current to the PTC heater flows in a separate
circuit from F to G. The heater and bimetal element are
electrically but not thermally isolated by insulation placed
therebetween.
Referring now to FIG. 9, there is shown a third circuit diagram.
Here the PTC heater and the bimetal element are connected in series
between H and J. In all of the embodiments of FIGS. 7-9, the
bimetal element and PTC heater are thermally coupled.
It can be seen that there has been provided a protector and/or
indicator which readily accomplishes the objects set forth
above.
Though the invention has been described with respect to specific
preferred embodiments thereof, many variations and modifications
will immediately become apparent to those skilled in the art. It is
therefore the intention that the appended claims be interpreted as
broadly as possible in view of the prior art to include all such
variations and modifications.
The PTC heater not only avoids the limitations of the prior art
resistance wire but additionally is more efficient since once it
heats up it goes into a high resistance mode where an equilibrium
is achieved with the current passing therethrough limited to a
trickle.
* * * * *