U.S. patent number 3,840,735 [Application Number 05/386,016] was granted by the patent office on 1974-10-08 for vandal resistant and weatherproof lighting fixture.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Lightolier Incorporated. Invention is credited to Kingsley Chan.
United States Patent |
3,840,735 |
Chan |
October 8, 1974 |
VANDAL RESISTANT AND WEATHERPROOF LIGHTING FIXTURE
Abstract
The present invention is directed to a vandal resistant and
weatherproof lighting fixture including a pair of shells,
respectively a lighting shell carrying a source of light, the
lighting shell being adapted to be mounted to a support surface by
fastener means accessible through an open mouth portion of the
shell, and a diffuser shell adapted to be locked in position in
closing relation of the open mouth portion of the light shell, the
two shells including complemental fastening and locking means which
securely hold the shells together in a manner permitting their
separation for replacement of light bulbs, etc., the manner of
effecting such separation being not apparent to an individual
unfamiliar with the construction of the fixture. The complemental
fastening and locking means includes a cam and a follower fastener.
A track on the lighting shell also cooperates with a rim on the
diffusing shell.
Inventors: |
Chan; Kingsley (New York,
NY) |
Assignee: |
Lightolier Incorporated (Jersey
City, NJ)
|
Family
ID: |
23523806 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/386,016 |
Filed: |
August 6, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
362/267 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F21V
15/005 (20130101); F21V 17/14 (20130101); F21S
8/033 (20130101); F21S 8/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F21V
17/14 (20060101); F21V 17/00 (20060101); F21v
017/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;240/41.5,41.55,12R,151R,152,8.3,54R,73R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Peters, Jr.; Joseph F.
Assistant Examiner: O'Connor; E. M.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Colvin; Arthur B.
Claims
Having thus described the invention and illustrated its use, what
is claimed as new and is desired to be secured by Letters Patent
is:
1. A vandal resistant lighting fixture comprising, in combination,
a light shell member having a depending open peripheral track
portion, including parallel inner and outer side wall portions and
a top wall, said inner wall portion of said track portion defining
a downwardly facing open mouth, a resilient gasket seated in said
track against said top wall, a lighting means supported interiorly
of said light shell member, mounting means within said light shell
for attaching said shell to an external support, said lighting
means and mounting means being accessible only through said mouth
portion, a diffuser shell adapted to be secured in sealing relation
of said mouth of said light shell and including an upwardly
directed rim member, said rim member of said diffuser shell
including an upwardly facing terminal lip, said rim member of said
diffuser shell being sized to fit in internal nested relation
within the track portion of said light shell, said rim being
slidable between releasing and locking positions within said track,
said rim member and track portion including cooperative cam and
follower means positioned to coact responsive to relative sliding
movement of said rim within said track to said locking position to
urge said lip of said diffuser shell into contact with said gasket
and to prevent relative separating movements of said shells.
2. The lighting fixture in accordance with claim 1 in which
camouflaged locking means are provided mounted on an external
surface of said light shell and shiftable into engagement with said
diffuser shell for locking said shells against relative sliding
movement from said locking to said releasing position.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said diffuser shell includes,
on the radial outermost surface thereof, a receiver groove, said
groove, in the locked position of said shells, being aligned with
said camouflaged locking means.
4. The lighting fixture in accordance with claim 1 wherein said
track portion and rim member are circular in horizontal section,
said diffuser shell including an annular flange member extending
from the inner face of said rim and adapted to be disposed within
said track portion, said cam means being defined by inclined
portions on said flange and said follower means being defined by
projection portions extending radially from said inner wall of said
track toward said outer wall thereof.
5. The apparatus in accordance with claim 4 wherein said flange
includes a clearance portion adapted to permit the passage
therethrough of said follower portion upon axial relative movement
of said shells.
6. The device in accordance with claim 5 wherein, in said locking
position, said follower portions underlie portions of said
flange.
7. A device in accordance with claim 6 wherein said cam means
comprises a portion of said flange.
8. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said track portion
and rim are rectangular in horizontal section, the longitudinal
extent of said track portion being greater than the longitudinal
extent of said rim, whereby limited relative longitudinal movement
between said rim and track portion may be effected, said cam and
follower means being positioned to be engaged and disengaged
responsive to said limited longitudinal relative movement.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is in the field of lighting fixtures, and
particularly relates to a vandal resistant and weatherproof
lighting fixture.
2. The Prior Art
Substantial losses have occurred in areas accessible to the public,
such as train stations, lavatories, public halls, telephone booths,
as a result of theft of light bulbs from extant fixtures, and often
the theft of the fixtures themselves. Numerous approaches have been
made in an effort to avoid the resultant losses.
It is obviously possible to design an armored fixture wherein
access to the interior of the fixture may be attained only through
the use of a key having a locking mechanism formed on the fixture.
Such armored fixture, however, is manifestly extremely expensive,
discouraging its use in a great many applications.
Other means for preventing theft includes the use of conventional
fixtures mounted within a screen or enclosure susceptible of being
locked. In addition to the disadvantages inhering in the above
described armored fixture, such cage or screen has the additional
disadvantage of unsightliness.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention may be summarized as being directed to an
improved vandal resistant lighting fixture characterized in that
the same is relatively inexpensive and may be readily opened for
bulb replacement by any individual having knowledge of the
structural details of the fixture.
The fixture is comprised of two shell sections, one of which is
adapted to be mounted to a support surface by mounting means,
access to which is available only when the two shell sections are
separated. The second shell section comprises a diffuser adapted to
be fixedly and sealingly connected to the first shell by connection
means which securely and sealingly locks the two shells
together.
The exposed component of the locking mechanism is preferably
camouflaged in such manner that a prospective vandal will be
required carefully to inspect the fixture before he is able to
determine the means by which the shells are interconnected.
Additionally, the complemental locking means employed to link the
shells are such that even if the exposed locking mechanism is
operated, relative movement of the shell components to shift the
same to the releasing position of each other requires the
application of a substantial force. Thus, a vandal penetrating the
exposed locking means would be unaware by his releasing of the
locking means that the fixture had been compromised since a further
action, e.g., the application of substantial forces, would be
necessary to effect separation of the shells.
It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide an
effective and inexpensive vandal resistant lighting fixture.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a lighting
fixture of the type described wherein the manner of disassembling
the fixture components would not be apparent to a prospective
vandal.
A further object of the invention is the provision of a fixture of
the type described which incorporates a novel connection assembly
whereby two shell components defining the fixture may be
interconnected, the lighting source and the mounting means by which
the fixture is supported being concealed within the shells such
that access to the same is unavailable until the shells are
separated.
To attain these objects and such further objects as may appear
herein or be hereinafter pointed out, reference is made to the
accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof in which:
FIG. 1 is an exploded isometric view of the components of a
lighting fixture in accordance with one embodiment of the
invention;
FIG. 2 is a vertical section through a lighting fixture of the type
described along line 2--2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section taken on the line 3--3
of FIG. 2;
FIGS. 4 and 5 are fragmentary vertical sections depicting
components of the locking mechanism by which the shells are
integrated, respectively in the course of insertion and in the
locking position;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view similar to that of FIG. 1 of a
rectangularly shaped embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 6
along line 7--7 of FIG. 6;
FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 are magnified fragmentary sections depicting
components of the locking mechanism, respectively prior to
assembly, partially assembled, and in locking position;
FIG. 11 is a horizontal section taken on the line 11--11 of FIG.
10;
FIG. 12 is a vertical section taken on the line 12--12 of FIG.
10.
Turning now to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5, the lighting fixture
comprises generally a light containing shell 10 and a diffuser
shell 11. The light container shell 10 may incorporate an
essentially conventional light source 12, it being understood that
while an incandescent bulb is shown in the illustrated embodiment,
the invention shall not be construed as limited to use with such
light source.
The light shell 10, which is preferably made of spun or cast metal,
includes a mounting assembly 13 comprising a raised saddle 14
having a flat top portion, the saddle being provided with a pair of
spaced apertures 15, 16.
By way of illustration, the shell 10 is mounted to a support
surface S, FIG. 2, as by machine screws 17 extending through the
apertures 15 and 16, the shank portions of the screws being
threadedly connected with a complemental support bracket (not
shown) or like receiver mechanism secured to the support S.
It will be appreciated that removal of the fixture from the support
S requires access to the interior of the shell 10.
The downwardly opening shell 10, referring to the drawings, is
formed with a downwardly facing annular track portion 18, the track
portion being defined by the lower portion 19a of side wall 19, an
annular flange 21 extending inwardly from side wall 19, and a side
wall 20 depending from the inner edge of flange 21.
As best seen in FIG. 1, the inner side wall 20 is provided with one
or more (preferably three) radially extending inclined follower
portions 22, which portions extend part way toward the outer side
wall 19 of the shell 10. Optionally, the upper face of the
followers 22 may be provided with a retainer detent 24, for
purposes which will appear hereinafter.
The diffuser shell 11, which may be of any selected decorative
configuration, being essentially circular in horizontal section in
the embodiment of FIG. 1, includes an upwardly directed rim 25,
terminating in an upwardly facing lip 26. An essentially annular
flange 27 is formed about the interior of the rim 25 below the lip
26, the flange 27 including a plurality of vertical clearance slots
or passages 28, in number corresponding to the follower portions
22.
The slots 28 include vertical, downwardly directed stop shoulders
29 which function to assure that the shells, after interconnection
by an initial vertical movement, can be rotated only in a direction
to effect an interlocking connection.
Integrally formed on the flange 27, in trailing relation to the
slots 28, are cam components 30. As best appreciated from an
inspection of FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, the cam components are inclined
with respect to the vertical such that their lead edges 31 adjacent
slots 28 are at a higher plane than the terminal ends 32 of the cam
slope.
Preferably, the shell 11 is made of a molded plastic
composition.
In order to provide a substantial degree of resilience to the cam
components 30, an arcuate slot or recess 33 may be formed or molded
into the flange 27, whereby a space exists between the central
portion of each cam component and the rim 25. The under faces 34 of
the cams 30 may include a recess receiver notch 35 for receiving,
in the locked position of the shells, the retainer detent 24 on the
upper surface of the follower portions 22.
A yieldable gasket 36, of neoprene or like substance, is seated on
the under surface of the flange 21 of track 18, the gasket being
retained against inadvertent displacement from the track as by
gluing to flange 21. The gasket 36 is thus positioned in the path
of the lip 26 of rim 25 of diffuser shell 11, to effect a weather
resistant seal when engaged.
The manner in which the shells 10 and 11 are interconnected will be
apparent from the preceding description.
In order to effect such connection, the rim 25 is inserted into the
track 18 until the lip 26 is pressed against the gasket 36. In the
course of such insertion, the follower portions 22 will enter into
the recesses 28 formed in the flange 27, the follower 22, after
such initial insertion, being located in the position shown in
dotted lines, FIG. 5. With the parts thus positioned, the shell 11
is rotated in an anti-clockwise direction (referring to FIG. 1)
relative to the fixed shell 10, whereupon camming action will be
effected between the under surface 34 of the cam 30 and the upper
face of the followers 22, sufficient rotation resulting in the
detent 24 snapping into the recess 35 of the cam, as shown in FIG.
5, solid lines.
With the parts assembled as shown in FIG. 5, by reason of the
interengagement of the detent and recess as noted, return or
clockwise movement of the parts may be effected but will require a
substantial rotary force.
A further fact tending to resist rotation of the shells from the
locked to the releasing position thereof is the frictional
restriction against rotation imposed by the gasket 36, which has
been sandwiched tightly and compressed between the lip 26 of shell
11 and the under surface of flange 21 of the track 18.
A significant inhibition against movement from the locked position
of FIG. 5 to the release position of FIG. 4 is provided by the fact
that the thickness of the gasket material is so selected that when
the detent 24 is in recess 35, as shown in FIG. 5, the lip 26 will
be still compressing the gasket, thereby urging the shell 11
downwardly so that the interaction of detent 24 and recess 35 will
cause a locking action to be maintained.
Preferably, a positive locking of the components is effected
through the use of a camouflaged set screw 38, which is mounted in
a complementally threaded aperture 39 formed in the outer side wall
19 of the upper shell 10. Pairs of spaced upstanding lugs 40 (three
such sets being shown in the illustrated embodiment) are formed on
the radial outer face of the rim 25, the positioning of the sets of
lugs 40 relative to the cam locking components being such as to
align the innermost end of the set screw 38, in the locked position
of the diffuser shell 11, with a space between a pair of lugs
40.
With the parts thus locked, the set screw 38 may be advanced or
threaded inwardly, as shown in FIG. 2, whereby in the inward
threaded position, counter-rotation of the shell 11 to the release
position is positively prevented.
Preferably the set screw may be camouflaged by coloring it the same
color as the outer surface of the shell 10. As an additional
safeguard, the screw 38 is recessed and selected to be rotatable
only through the use of a special tool, such as an appropriately
sized Allen wrench.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 6 to 12, there is shown a lighting
fixture operating on similar principles but having a rectangular
configuration. In this embodiment, wherein parts functionally
corresponding to those of the described embodiment have been given
like reference numerals, the diffuser shell 11' is secured to the
fixed or light source supporting shell 10' by a longitudinal
movement between the parts of the direction D as shown in FIG.
6.
In this embodiment each of the longitudinal rims 25' of the
diffuser shell 11' is provided with one or more cam assemblies 30',
the latter being formed in a flange 27' which extends inwardly from
the rims 25' below the top lip 26' thereof.
More particularly in the illustrative embodiment shown, two pairs
of cam assemblies 30' are formed in each of the flanges 27', the
cam assemblies of each pair being spaced as shown to define a
clearance slot or passage 28'.
Each cam assembly includes a cam element 43, which is yielding or
resilient by reason of the fact that it is formed from plastic
material, and which has a recess 35' in its undersurface. As shown,
each cam element 43 is inclined downwardly from its free edge 43a
adjacent the access slot 28'. The end of each cam element 43 is
provided with a vertical, downwardly directed stop shoulder 29'
which restricts the longitudinal sliding movement of the shells to
interconnect the same.
The light containing shell 10', which is also rectangular, has side
walls 19' and end walls 46. The shell 10' is formed with two
parallel, downwardly facing longitudinal track portions 18', the
track portions as shown in FIG. 12 being defined by the lower
portion 19'a of side wall 19', a longitudinal flange 21' extending
inwardly from wall 19', and a side wall 20' depending from the
inner edge of flange 21'.
As shown in FIG. 6, the inner side wall 20' is provided with a
plurality of inclined follower portions 22', which portions extend
part way toward the outer side wall 19', as shown in FIG. 12. The
upper face of follower portions 22' may be provided with a retainer
detent 24' locking with recess 35'.
As will be evident, the locking is effected in the embodiment of
FIGS. 6 to 12 by passing the diffuser shell 11' upwardly so that
the follower portions 22' pass through the space 28' in the flange
27' adjacent the cams 30'.
In FIG. 8, the parts have been shown preparatory to insertion of
the cams 30' of the diffuser shell 11'. In FIG. 9 the cams 30' are
disposed at a level to engage followers 22'. In FIG. 10 the parts
are illustrated after a longitudinal movement has been effected of
the diffuser shell 11' to cause interengagement between the detent
24' and recess 35'.
As in the prior embodiment, pairs of outstanding lugs 40' are
provided in the longitudinal rims 25' of the diffuser shell 11'. A
camouflaged set screw 38' comparable to the screw 38 of the prior
described embodiment is advanced into position between a pair of
lugs 40', to prevent relative movement between the shell halves to
the extent necessary to effect separation thereof after the shell
11' is locked in position.
It will be appreciated from an inspection of the embodiment of FIG.
6 that each of the cam assemblies 30' may include two spaced cam
elements 43, so located that if the shell 11' is rotated through
180.degree. in a horizontal plane from the position shown, the
opposite cam element 43 of each assembly 30' will be engaged by
follower 22' as in the case in the illustrated orientation. This
arrangement facilitates mounting of the diffuser shell 11'
regardless of its position.
From the foregoing it will be appreciated that there is provided in
accordance with the present invention an improved vandal resistant
lighting fixture wherein access to the interior of the fixture,
such as would be necessary for changing light bulbs or mounting and
unmounting of the fixture, is limited to those individuals who are
familiar with its construction and, hence, with the steps
necessarily accomplished to effect separation of the shell halves,
namely, initial retraction of the camouflaged set screws or like
means used positively to prevent relative movement, and subsequent
shifting movement of the shell halves to a position at which the
latter are permitted to fall free of each other.
* * * * *