U.S. patent number 3,837,789 [Application Number 05/322,072] was granted by the patent office on 1974-09-24 for gas burner.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Automation International, Inc., M.M.S. Limited. Invention is credited to Herbert Schindler, Willard O. Ware.
United States Patent |
3,837,789 |
Schindler , et al. |
September 24, 1974 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
GAS BURNER
Abstract
A gas burner formed as a hollow elongate tube having an entrance
and a closed end, the tube having an upper wall and a plurality of
spaced openings formed along a length of said upper wall, an
inwardly depending baffle portion adjacent each opening, each
baffle portion having a length substantially equal to one dimension
of the adjacent opening.
Inventors: |
Schindler; Herbert (Tarzana,
CA), Ware; Willard O. (Stockton, CA) |
Assignee: |
M.M.S. Limited (Alameda,
CA)
Automation International, Inc. (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
23253287 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/322,072 |
Filed: |
January 8, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
431/354; 239/553;
239/568 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F23D
14/105 (20130101); F23D 14/58 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F23D
14/48 (20060101); F23D 14/10 (20060101); F23D
14/58 (20060101); F23D 14/04 (20060101); F23d
013/40 () |
Field of
Search: |
;239/548,553,561,567,568
;431/354 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Camby; John J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Silverman & Cass
Claims
What we claim is:
1. A gas burner comprising a hollow elongate member of uniform
cross-section along its length, a closed end and an open end
defining an entrance, said body member having an upper horizontal
wall, a plurality of spaced outlet ports formed in said wall along
the length thereof and baffle means integral with said upper
horizontal wall and extending from said wall interior of said body
adjacent each outlet port, said baffle means comprising depending
tabs of substantially U-shaped configuration directed angularly
toward the interior of said body, said tabs being integral with
said wall along that edge of each outlet port which is closest to
the entrance.
2. The gas burner as claimed in claim 1 in which a portion of said
upper horizontal wall is imperforate.
3. The gas burner as claimed in claim 1 in which said plurality of
outlet ports are formed in said horizontal wall beginning from a
location spaced from said entrance.
4. The gas burner as claimed in claim 3 in which said plural outlet
ports extend along said wall to a location adjacent said closed
end.
5. The gas burner as claimed in claim 1 in which the tabs and the
outlet ports are of substantially identical size and
configuration.
6. The gas burner as claimed in claim 1 in which said tabs are
directed interior of said body from said wall at an angle
substantially 90.degree. relative thereto.
7. The gas burner as claimed in claim 3 wherein the interior of
said body is defined as having a mixing chamber adjacent the
entrance, and a burner head chamber coextensive with said plurality
of outlet ports, said horizontal wall being imperforate coextensive
with said mixing chamber.
8. The gas burner as claimed in claim 1 wherein said outlet ports
are arranged spaced unevenly along said wall.
9. The gas burner as claimed in claim 1 wherein said outlet ports
are spaced apart a distance at least equal to the narrower
dimension thereof.
10. The gas burner as claimed in claim 1 wherein said outlet ports
progressively increase in size.
11. The gas burner as claimed in claim 1 wherein said baffle means
and said outlet ports are of substantially identical
configuration.
12. The gas burner as claimed in claim 11 wherein said outlet ports
and said baffle means are of arcuate configuration.
13. The gas burner as claimed in claim 11 wherein said outlet ports
and said baffle means are of substantially semicircular
configuration.
14. The gas burner as claimed in claim 11 wherein said outlet ports
and said baffle means are of substantially rectangular
configuration.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to sheet metal gas burners and more
particularly provides a gas burner having gas flow stabilization
means which provide improved burning characteristics of the gas at
the ports of the burners.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Elongate sheet metal gas burners are known in the prior art and are
normally provided with a mixing chamber into which there is
injected a quantity of gaseous fuel from a gas orifice, the gaseous
fuel leaving the orifice at high velocity, forming a jet and
entraining therewith a quantity of so-called primary air. Thus, a
mixture of gaseous fuel and primary air is created and then moves
interior of the burner. The burner is provided with a plurality of
burner ports from where the gas and primary air is discharged. The
aforesaid mixture is ignited initially as it is discharged from the
burner ports and thereafter continues to combust at the ports until
the gas supply is shut off.
Prior art burners have been formed of sheet metal, have been
lightweight and generally of compact size. However, problems are
encountered in achieving flame stability at the burner ports so as
to avoid flashback, flameout, unequal flame characteristics along
the length of the burner and incomplete combustion. It has been
known to vary the cross sectional dimension of the burner interior
along the length of the burner in an attempt to provide combustion
uniformity along the length of the burner. It is also known to
provide, effectively, a continuous port with uniform bridges along
the length thereof in an effort to obtain increased flame
stability.
Efforts also have been made in attempts to reduce the cost of gas
burner constructions in the manufacturing stage by various
different manners of providing the ports therein. Often unusually
accurate and precise location and variation of the port areas have
been critical to its manufacture. It is desirable to construct gas
burners in a manner that takes advantage of possible savings during
the manufacturing stage such as scrap loss reduction, the precision
required, and alike.
It should be noted that when the gaseous fuel, primary air mixture
is discharged from a burner port, the principal velocity component
thereof acts on a path in a direction transverse to the direction
of movement of the mixture in the interior of the burner and
therefore another velocity component is created to act on the
gaseous fuel-primary air mixture being discharged. It is this
additional second velocity component which causes the flames to
lift and in some cases to flashback or to provide yellow tips, an
indication of incomplete combustion. It would be desirable to
attempt to eliminate this second component of velocity and thus
remove a principal cause of flame lift, flameout, flashback or
yellow tip, that is, incomplete combustion.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A gas burner comprising a hollow elongate tubular member having an
upper horizontal wall and a plurality of outlet ports formed in
said wall along the length thereof and spaced ones from the others.
Baffle means are formed integral with the upper horizontal wall and
depending from said wall interior of said burner adjacent each
outlet port, preferably arranged at an acute angle (not greater
than 90.degree.) relative to said horizontal wall. The cross
section of the hollow gas burner is uniform along its length and
the baffle means comprise tabs integral with said burner and
extending interior thereof.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a gas burner in
accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front cross sectional view of the gas burner of FIG. 1
taken along lines 2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary side sectional view of the gas burner of
FIG. 1 taken along lines 3--3 of FIG. 1 and in the direction
indicated.
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary plan view of the gas burner according to
the invention.
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view of the gas burner
according to the invention shown in the process of manufacture.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of a modified embodiment of the
invention.
FIG. 6A is a fragmentary perspective view of another modified
embodiment of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawings, there is illustrated in FIG. 1 a gas
burner device 10 constructed in accordance with the invention. The
gas burner 10 is formed of thin sheet metal bent into a hollow,
generally rectangular configuration joined together by brazing,
staking or welding as shown at 12 to form the elongate body 14. The
body 14 is closed at one end 16 and open at the opposite end 18 to
define an entrance 20. A plurality of ports 22 are formed in the
upper horizontal wall 24 of the body. The interior portion of the
body 14 adjacent the entrance 20 defines a mixing chamber 26 while
the portion of the body 14 along the ports 22 is designated as the
burner head chamber 28, both mixing chamber 26 and head chamber 28
being in communication with each other and with the atmosphere
through the open end 18 of the body 14. Each of the burner ports 22
are of generally rectangular shape, the longer portion being
transverse the top wall 24. Inwardly directed tabs 30 are formed
bordering one edge 32 of the longer edges of the burner port 22,
said one edge 32 being closer to the open end 18 of the body 14
than the other edge of said port. Each port 22 has a tab 30
extending from the top wall 24 interior of the body 14 at an angle,
preferably 90.degree. or less.
The tabs 30 act as a baffle to destroy the velocity component of
the gas-primary air mixture at the ports 22 so as to obtain
increased flame stability.
In operation, gaseous fuel under pressure is supplied through a
nozzle or gas orifice 33 and injected into the mixer chamber 26
where the gas jet thus develops and entrains a quantity of primary
air which enters the mixing chamber 26 through the open end 18.
While the quantity of gaseous fuel is comparatively small and
enters at a very high velocity, the quantity of air entering is
comparatively large and enters at a relatively low velocity. As the
gaseous fuel-primary air mixture is formed, the mixture velocity
causes the mixture to move from the mixer chamber 26 into the
burner head chamber 28 from where the gas-primary air mixture is
discharged through the burner ports 22 into a combustion chamber
(not shown) of a heating device (not shown). As the gaseous
fuel-primary air mixture leaves the burner port 22, it is initially
ignited by a pilot burner (not shown) and then continually combusts
utilizing secondary air to complete the combustion process.
The characteristics of flame stability of gas flames at burner
ports 22 are conventionally classified as flashback, lifting and
yellow tip limits. In the burner illustrated herein, the main
velocity component of the gaseous fuel-primary air mixture on
discharge thereof from the burner port 22 acts on a path in a
direction transverse to the direction of movement of the gas-air
mixture within the mixing chamber 26 and the burner head chamber
28, thereby permitting another velocity component, a secondary
velocity component, to act on the gas-primary air mixture in its
discharge from the burner port 22. It is the effect of this second
velocity component which causes the flame to lift and in some
cases, to flashback or to incompletely combust and hence have
yellow tips. Due to the baffling effect of the tabs 30 disposed in
the path of the gas-primary air mixture as the mixture moves
through the burner head chamber 28, the flow of the mixture is
impinged or impeded. This effect does not significantly reduce the
flow velocity of the main body of gas-primary air mixture and thus
there is no problem with respect to the maintenance of the uniform
pressure along the length of the body 14. The localized impinging
of the gas-air mixture causes local turbulence in the region
immediately adjacent to the burner ports 22 and thus eliminates the
additional or secondary velocity component from the gas-primary air
mixture as it is discharged from the burner port 22.
Of course, the relative size as well as the spacing of the burner
ports 22 may be varied to achieve different pressure distributions
within the body as desired. Preferably, the ports 22 are spaced so
that they are close enough to allow cross-ignition from one port to
the other along the entire burner head chamber but are spaced far
enough to avoid coalescing of the flames at the ports. Also, the
configuration of the tabs 30 may be other than rectangular
depending upon the manufacturing process.
Spaced longitudinal slits 34 and cross slits 36 are formed in a
series along that portion of the sheet metal blank which will
define the top wall 24. These slits 34, 36 are arranged so as to
define a substantially U-shaped cut. Subsequent to the formation of
the body 14 and welding together of the same as shown at 12, the
portion or tabs will be bent along the fold line 38 inwardly toward
the burner head chamber 28 so that the burner ports 22 are defined
each by the edges of slits 34 and 36 and the exterior surface of
the tab 30. The use of semi-circular cuts as shown in FIG. 6 in
lieu of the U-shaped cut is contemplated so that there are
resulting semi-circular ports 22' and semi-circular tabs 30'. Note
that the ports 22' in FIG. 6 are of unequal size, here being
arranged in order of progressively increasing size. Uniformity in
port size is preferred for economic reasons with the spacings
adjusted so the larger spacings occur near the entrance side or
open end of the burner. In FIG. 6A, the ports 22" are defined by
substantially circular, punched openings, with an integral link
joining the remainder of the wall to the resulting, almost circular
tab 30". The tabs may be modified to assume a different shape
relative to the port configuration.
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