U.S. patent number 3,837,163 [Application Number 05/314,627] was granted by the patent office on 1974-09-24 for hard metal watch band.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Kabushiki Kaisha Suwa Seikosha. Invention is credited to Yoshiaki Fujimori.
United States Patent |
3,837,163 |
Fujimori |
September 24, 1974 |
HARD METAL WATCH BAND
Abstract
A mar-proof watch-band is made of materials having a hardness
greater than Hv 1,000. Suitable materials are hard nitrides, oxides
and carbides, in combination with metallic binders. Such materials
may be ground to a mirror-finish.
Inventors: |
Fujimori; Yoshiaki (Suwa,
JA) |
Assignee: |
Kabushiki Kaisha Suwa Seikosha
(Tokyo, JA)
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Family
ID: |
14280168 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/314,627 |
Filed: |
December 13, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Dec 14, 1971 [JA] |
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46-100669 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
59/80; 59/82;
63/4; D11/12; 59/90 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A44C
27/002 (20130101); A44C 5/105 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A44C
27/00 (20060101); A44C 5/00 (20060101); A44C
5/10 (20060101); F16g 013/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;59/78,80,82,90 ;63/4
;224/4D,4E,4H,4B ;74/255 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
Metals Handbook, Vol. 1, Pgs. 255-257, 659-653, pub. 1966..
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Primary Examiner: Lanham; Charles W.
Assistant Examiner: Duzan; James R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Blum Moscovitz Friedman &
Kaplan
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A mar-proof watch-band, comprising a plurality of links of a
material having a hardness of at least Hv 1,000, each of said links
having a groove at one end thereof and a tongue at the opposite end
thereof, each tongue being of such size that it fits with clearance
within the groove of an adjacent link, each of said tongues having
at least one cylindrical cavity therein, each of the sidewalls of
each of each of said grooves having a cylindrical cavity
therethrough, a plastic bushing in each of said cavities, the
cavities and bushings in the groove sidewalls of one link being
aligned with said cavity and bushing in the tongue of an adjacent
link, and at least one pin seated in said aligned bushings, said
pin having an interference fit with one of said bushings and being
received with clearance in an adjacent bushing.
2. A watch-band as defined in claim 1, wherein said material
comprises a member selected from the group consisting of hard
carbides, hard nitrides and hard oxides as its principal
constituent.
3. A watch-band as defined in claim 2, wherein said hard nitride is
Si.sub.3 N.sub.4.
4. A watch-band as defined in claim 2, wherein said hard carbide is
selected from the group consisting of WC and TiC.
5. A watch-band as defined in claim 2, wherein said hard oxide is
Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.
6. A watch-band as defined in claim 2, wherein said member
comprises a metal which melts at a lower temperature and which wets
said hard oxide, nitride or carbide and is resistant to corrosion
by perspiration.
7. A watch-band as defined in claim 1, wherein each of said links
has a mirror finish.
8. A watch-band as defined in claim 1, wherein each tongue has a
single cylindrical cavity passing completely therethrough, the wall
cavities and the tongue cavity of a pair of adjacent links being
aligned whereby a single pin may be passed through said wall
cavities and said tongue cavity each having a plastic bushing
therein, to hold said adjacent links together and provide for
relative rotation with respect to each other, said pin having an
interference fit with one of said tongue bushing or said groovewall
bushings and a clearance fit with the other.
9. A watch-band as defined in claim 1, wherein said links have a
composition which is a member of the group consisting of 82%, 18%
Co; 75% WC, 3% TaC, 22% Co; 78% WC, 6% TiC, 16% Co; 70% WC, 5% TaC,
3% TiC, 18% Co, 4% Ni; 70% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 30% Cr, 70% TiN, 25%
Ti, 5% Mn; and 60% Si.sub.3 N.sub.4, 20% Ni, 20% Co.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Watch-bands having a useful life exceeding that of leather have
generally been made of stainless steel or silver or gold alloys.
Such materials, whether in their natural state or plated with a
metal, are nevertheless subject to scratching and abrasion by
concrete, dust and the like so that it is difficult, if not
impossible, to maintain such watch-bands in a condition in which
they have a high lustre. In view of the relative softness of such
materials, even in the case of stainless steel, it is impossible to
maintain a mirror-finish. The wearer of such a watch-band must
therefore resign himself to a decrease in the attractiveness of the
watch-band or to relatively frequent refinishing of the
watch-band.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A watch-band, in accordance with the present invention, is made of
a hard nitride, a hard oxide or a hard carbide, where the material,
in powdered form, is bound together by a suitable metallic binder.
Such materials, when properly prepared, can be polished to a mirror
finish which is essentially mar-proof due to the fact that select
materials of this type have hardnesses in excess of Hv 1,000.
Flexibility of such a watch-band is obtained by making the
watch-band of individual links each of which has a tongue at one
end and a groove at the other end, each link being held to the
adjacent link by one or more pins passed through a cylindrical
cavity in the walls of one groove and an aligned cylindrical cavity
in the tongue of the adjacent link.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an
improved watch-band of high hardness.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved
watch-band which can be finished to a mirror-like appearance.
A further object of the present invention is to provide an improved
watch-band of a powdered nitride, carbide or oxide bound together
with a metallic binder.
An important object of the present invention is to provide an
improved watch-band which is essentially non-metallic in
character.
A significant object of the present invention is to provide an
improved watch-band having non-metallic links having a tongue at
one end and a groove at the opposite end, said links being held
together by pins passing through the sidewalls of said grooves and
through said tongue.
Still other objects and advantages of the invention will in part be
obvious and will in part be apparent from the specification.
The invention accordingly comprises compositions and an article of
manufacture consisting of said compositions possessing the
features, properties, and the relation of elements which will be
exemplified in the article and compositions hereinafter described,
and the scope of the invention will be indicated in the claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
For a fuller understanding of the invention, reference is had to
the following description taken in connection with the accompanying
drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a watch-band in accordance with the
present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view in partial section showing a mode of joining
two adjacent links in said watch-band;
FIG. 3 is a side view in section showing how relative rotation
between links is provided for;
FIG. 4 is a side view in section of two adjacent links in a second
embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a sectional side view of a third embodiment of said
links; and
FIG. 6 is a plan view in partial section of two adjacent links
wherein a single pin fastens each pair of links together
rotatably.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Compositions suitable for the manufacture of watch-band links
therefrom, where the watch links can be ground and polished to a
mirror finish are as follows:
EXAMPLE 1
All quantities are in parts by weight
WC -- 82
Co -- 18
EXAMPLE 2
WC -- 75
TaC -- 3
Co -- 22
EXAMPLE 3
WC -- 78
TiC -- 6
Co -- 16
EXAMPLE 4
WC -- 70
TaC -- 5
TiC -- 3
Co -- 18
Ni -- 4
EXAMPLE 5
Al.sub.2 0.sub.3 -- 70
Cr -- 30
EXAMPLE 6
TiN -- 70
Ti -- 25
Mn -- 5
EXAMPLE 7
Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 -- 60
Ni -- 20
Co -- 20
To prepare watch-band links from any of the above compositions, the
components of the composition, in powdered form, are placed in a
ball mill having extra hard balls therein as well as a quantity of
liquid such as benzene and the ball mill is rotated for about 24
hours. Following conventional procedures, a small quantity of wax
is incorporated into the composition which is molded to the desired
form, heated to remove the wax and finally sintered in vacuo at a
temperature such that the metallic binder melts and wets the
carbide, oxide or nitride as the case may be. The molded piece is
in the form of a sheet having a tongue at one end and a groove at
the opposite end as shown in FIG. 1, wherein a link 1 has a groove
therein leaving sidewalls 1a and also has a tongue 1b fitting
between the sidewalls 1a with clearance.
The partial sectional view of FIG. 2 shows how adjacent links may
be joined. Sidewall 1a has a cylindrical cavity therein in which is
placed a plastic bushing 2. Tongue 1b of the adjacent link has a
cylindrical cavity therein in which is placed the bushing 3. The
cavity in the sidewall 1a of the left hand link and the cavity in
the tongue 1b of the right hand link of FIG. 2 are aligned so that
a single pin 4 can be inserted into both cavities. In the
embodiment shown pin 4 is stepped to form an interference fit with
bushing 2 and a clearance fit with bushing 3. This construction
provides for rotation of the links relative to each other around
the axis of pin 4. The other sidewall 1a of the left hand link is
similarly joined by a second pin (not shown) at the bottom of the
tongue 1b.
As is evident, rotation could also be achieved while holding the
pin firmly in place by having an interference fit between pin 4 and
bushing 3 and a clearance fit between pin 4 and bushing 2. The
cavities in the sidewalls and tongue may be formed during the
molding operation using an insert which burns away during the
sintering operation, or may be bored into the links using a diamond
drill.
It is not necessary that separate pins be used for each sidewall of
each link. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, a single cylindrical cavity
passes through the entire length of the tongue 1b. This cylindrical
cavity has a bushing 10 therein and a pin 11, which, in the
embodiment shown provides an interference fit with the pin 11.
Alternatively, there could be a clearance fit between the bushing 2
and the pin 11 and an interference fit between the bushing 10 and
the pin 11.
In order to provide for rotation around the pin 4 or pin 11,
clearance must be provided between the tongue and groove bottom of
adjacent links.
In the partial sectional view of FIG. 2 clearance is shown between
the surface 6 of a groove and the surface 5 of a tongue. The
clearance needed is minimal in a construction shown in sectional
side view in FIG. 3, where the right-hand link has a surface 5
which is a half cylinder. Slightly more clearance is needed where a
corner such as 7 (FIG. 4) is present at the end of the right-hand
link. In this case clearance is measured between the left-hand link
and the circle 8 passing through the corners of the right-hand
link.
In the embodiment of FIG. 5, rotation is limited by the fact that
corner 9 can interfere with the bottom of the groove of the
adjacent link. Such intereference is undesirable because the
wedging action resulting in such a construction can result in
fracture of the material of which the watch-band link is made or
shearing of the pin 4.
In general, the materials comprising the watch-band links in
accordance with the present invention have a hardness greater than
100 Hv, and consequently can be ground and polished economically
only with a diamond wheel. A mirror finish can be achieved which
matches that generally found on fine watches. The line finish which
results from machining is completely avoided.
It will thus be seen that the objects set forth above, among those
made apparent from the preceding description, are efficient
attained, and since certain changes may be made in the above
composition and the above article without departing from the spirit
and scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter
contained in the above description and shown in the accompanying
drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting
sense.
It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended
to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention
herein described, and all statements of the scope of the invention
which, as a matter of language, might be said to fall
therebetween.
* * * * *