U.S. patent number 3,835,979 [Application Number 05/355,522] was granted by the patent office on 1974-09-17 for article handling machine.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The Mead Corporation. Invention is credited to Rodney K. Calvert, Alton J. Fishback.
United States Patent |
3,835,979 |
Calvert , et al. |
September 17, 1974 |
ARTICLE HANDLING MACHINE
Abstract
An article handling machine receives a plurality of rows of
articles moving at a given velocity and effects a reorientation of
the rows of articles into a lesser number of rows in a controlled
and orderly fashion. Metering means receives the articles from a
plurality of conveyor means and regulates the movement thereof in
sequence in a predetermined manner and accelerating means engages
the articles and substantially increases the velocity of movement
thereof thereby increasing the space between the articles.
Converger means then engages the articles and imparts transverse
movement thereto relative to the direction of movement imparted by
the accelerating means so as to cause the articles to accummulate
in sequence on an outfeed conveyor.
Inventors: |
Calvert; Rodney K. (Dunwoody,
GA), Fishback; Alton J. (Austell, GA) |
Assignee: |
The Mead Corporation (Dayton,
OH)
|
Family
ID: |
23397744 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/355,522 |
Filed: |
April 30, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
198/363; 198/367;
198/451 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65G
47/681 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65G
47/68 (20060101); B65g 047/26 () |
Field of
Search: |
;198/30,185,32,34 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Schacher; Richard A.
Assistant Examiner: Thomson; Richard K.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Rodgers; Walter M.
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. An article handling machine comprising a plurality of infeed
conveyor means for a plurality of rows of articles respectively,
metering means for engaging articles from said infeed conveyor
means and for regulating the movement thereof in sequence in a
predetermined manner, accelerating means for sequentially engaging
articles from said metering means and for imparting substantially
increased velocity of movement thereto thereby to increase the
spacing therebetween, article positioning means disposed generally
below said accelerating means and arranged to elevate the trailing
edge of the articles in sequence in a plurality of rows, converger
means sequentially engageable with articles from said accelerating
means for imparting movement thereto in a direction which is
different from the direction of movement of the articles when
initially engaged by said converger means, and outfeed conveyor
means arranged to receive the articles from said converger means in
sequence and to convey the articles in a single row.
2. A machine according to claim 1 wherein said article positioning
means comprises a rotatable element having staggered radial
projections, the projections on one side of said element being
disposed to engage the articles in one row and the projections on
the opposite side thereof being disposed to engage the articles in
an adjacent row.
3. A machine according to claim 2 wherein the projections on said
rotatable element are arranged to engage the articles in each row
in sequence and wherein engagement with an article in one row is
subsequent to engagement with an adjacent article in the other row
whereby said positioning means is synchronized with said metering
means.
4. An article handling machine comprising a plurality of infeed
conveyor means for a plurality of rows of articles respectively,
each of said infeed conveyor means for each row of articles
comprising a pair of conveyors whose working reaches are disposed
in side-by-side substantially parallel relationship and the outfeed
end of one of each pair of conveyors being disposed downstream
relative to the outfeed end of the other of each pair of conveyors,
metering means for engaging articles from said infeed conveyor
means and for regulating the movement thereof in sequence in a
predetermined manner, accelerating means for sequentially engaging
articles from said metering means and for imparting substantially
increased velocity of movement thereto thereby to increase the
spacing therebetween, movable converger means sequentially
engageable with articles from said accelerating means for imparting
movement thereto in a direction which is different from the
direction of movement of the articles when initially engaged by
said converger means, and outfeed conveyor means arranged to
receive the articles from said converger means in sequence and to
convey the articles in a single row.
5. A machine according to claim 4 wherein article support means is
disposed downstream from the outfeed end of each of said other
conveyors and arranged to aid in supporting the articles fed
therefrom.
6. A machine according to claim 4 wherein said metering means is
disposed downstream from the outfeed end of each of said other
conveyors.
7. A machine according to claim 6 wherein article positioning means
is disposed adjacent said accelerating means and wherein said
positioning means and said metering means are movable in
synchronism.
Description
Packaging machines of the type which form individual containers and
subsequently fill and seal such containers with a product
frequently are arranged so that the filled containers are disposed
in a number of rows. In order to provide for the storage, handling
and shipment of such primary containers, it is desirable to arrange
such containers in a secondary package of some sort such, for
example, as a wrapper-type package. Toward this end, the several
rows of primary packages must be converted into a lesser number of
rows in order to facilitate the packaging of the primary containers
in the secondary package.
An article handling machine constructed according to this invention
may include suitable metering means for receiving a plurality of
rows of primary packages and for regulating the rate of flow and
the spacing of such packages. The velocity of movement of the
packages is greatly accelerated and the spacing therebetween is
increased by suitable accelerating means following which converger
means engages the accelerated and spaced packages and imparts
movement thereto in a direction which is transverse to that in
which the articles are moved by the accelerating means so as to
deposit the primary packages on a single outfeed conveyor thereby
consolidating the primary packages into a single row.
For a better understanding of the invention reference may be had to
the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a machine constructed according to the
invention and which shows the parts schematically;
FIG. 2 is a profile or front view of the arrangement shown in FIG.
1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a portion of the machine
depicted in FIG. 1 but with certain parts removed or broken away
for clarity;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line designated 4--4 in
FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a plan view similar to FIG. 1 but which shows some of the
primary packages in the process of being handled in accordance with
the invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 and which shows
in more detail some of the features of conveyor means arranged
according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a profile or front view of the arrangement shown in FIG.
6 and in which
FIG. 8 is a side view of a composite package used to illustrate the
operation of a machine constructed according to this invention.
In the drawings and particularly with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2,
the numeral 1 generally designates a plurality of infeed conveyor
means while the numeral 2 generally designates metering means
constructed according to the invention. The numeral 3 generally
designates the elements of the machine which constitute
accelerating means and the numeral 4 generally designates the
location of converger means and of the outfeed conveyor means
arranged according to this invention.
As is best shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 6 the infeed conveyor means
comprises a plurality of infeed conveyors designated by the
numerals 5-11. In FIG. 1 these infeed conveyors are shown
schematically. It will be understood that these conveyors
ordinarily constitute flexible endless elements which are trained
about two or more rollers one of which is a driven element and one
of which is an idler element, one such element being shown in FIG.
7 and being designated by the numeral 12. Of course the element 12
is rotatably mounted on a horizontal shaft 13 supported by the
frame of the machine which in the drawings is generally designated
by the numeral 13.
Articles to be handled move from left to right as indicated by the
arrows 14 so that the right hand end of conveyors 5-11 inclusive
constitutes the outfeed end of such conveyors. As is apparent from
figures such as 1, 3, 5 and 6, the outfeed ends 5A, 7A, 9A and 11A
of conveyors 5, 7, 9 and 11 are disposed downstream from the
outfeed ends 6A, 8A, and 10A of conveyors 6, 8 and 10. By this
arrangement space is provided immediately downstream from the
outfeed end of conveyors 6A, 8A and 10A for mounting the metering
means according to a feature of this invention. More specifically
metering means combined with positioning means is designated by the
numeral 15 and is disposed downstream from the outfeed end 6A of
conveyor 6 while combination metering and positioning means 16 is
disposed downstream from the outfeed end 8A of conveyor 8 and
combination metering means and positioning means 17 is disposed
downstream from the outfeed end 10A of conveyor 10.
As is apparent from FIGS. 3 and 6, article A1 is conveyed by
conveyors 10 and 11 until the outfeed end 10A of conveyor 10 is
reached at which time article A1 is supported and conveyed by
conveyor 11 only and the article A1 is supported partially by
support means 18. In like fashion article A2 is conveyed by
conveyors 10 and 9 until the outfeed end 10A of conveyor 10 is
reached at which time article A2 is conveyed by conveyor 9 and is
slidably supported by guide 18. Similarly article A3 is conveyed by
conveyors 9 and 8 until the outfeed end 8A of conveyor 8 is reached
at which point article A3 is conveyed by conveyor 9 and is
supported by support means 20 which is broken away to expose the
metering mechanism therebelow. In like fashion articles A4, A5 and
A6 are conveyed by pairs of conveyors as will be obvious from the
preceding description respecting articles A1, A2 and A3 and in view
of the drawings. With article A1 resting in part on conveyor 11 and
supported in part by support means 18 metering means 17 is
positioned to engage the trailing end of article A1 and to impart
controlled and regulated movement to article A1 from left to
right.
Metering means combined with positioning means is best shown in
FIG. 7 and comprises a metering chain 21 which is trained about a
driving element 22 rotatable about a shaft 23 mounted in known
manner to the frame of the machine. Metering chain 21 is also
trained along fixed guide 24 secured in known manner to the frame
of the machine, the guide 24 having an inclined guide surface 25.
Metering chain 21 is also trained about a sprocket 26 rotatable
about a shaft 27 which in turn imparts rotary movement to
positioning means 28 which is secured to shaft 27 and which is
provided with a plurality of radially extending positioning
elements 29, 30 and 31.
As is apparent in FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7, metering chain 21 is
provided with a plurality of laterally extending metering lugs
collectively designated by the numeral 32.
The primary packages are of a dual nature as is apparent from FIGS.
6, 7 and 8 and constitute two elements such as B and C having a
common cover or lid portion D.
Thus as is apparent from FIG. 7 rotation of driving element 22 in a
clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 7 causes a laterally
projecting metering element such as 32A to ride behind package A1
and more specifically to engage the trailing surface of component B
as the lug 32A rides up and toward the right along inclined surface
25. Since the velocity of movement of metering chain 21 is
precisely controlled, the motion of primary package A1 toward the
right is securely and precisely regulated in synchronism and at a
speed such that correct engagement with the trailing edge of
component B by the accelerating lug 33 on accelerating chain 34 is
effected. Chain 34 is an endless element which is trained about
rotatable elements 35 and 36, the rotatable elements 35 and 36
being supported by shafts 37 and 38 one of which is a driven
element and which imparts movement to lug 33 which is faster than
the movement imparted to the articles such as A1 by the metering
chain 21 and associated apparatus. Thus the effect of the
accelerating chain 34 and of lug 33 is greatly to increase the
space between one article from a succeeding article in the same row
as is apparent from the position of article A1A which is in spaced
relation to the position indicated at A1B.
In order to facilitate engagement of the accelerating lug 33 with
the trailing edge of component B, it is necessary to elevate the
trailing edge of component B as is depicted in FIG. 7. Toward this
end positioning means 28 is provided and conveniently is rotated by
the metering chain 21 as is apparent in FIG. 7. Positioning means
28 is arranged so that a particular one of its radial projections
such as 29 engages the bottom surface of component B of one of the
articles and elevates such component above the level of a
succeeding article as is evident in FIG. 7 by comparison of the
article A1B with the article A1. Projections 29 are transversely
staggered so as to elevate the articles in different rows in a
desired sequence. The radial projections 29, 30 and 31 are disposed
on opposite sides of rotatable element 28 and are staggered so that
the projections on one side of element 28 engage the articles in
one row in sequence relative to engagement of the articles in an
adjacent row by the radial projections on the other side of said
rotatable element and in synchronism with said metering means. When
so disposed, accelerating element or lug 33 clearly is arranged
securely and precisely to engage article A1B in timed sequence and
greatly to increase its velocity of movement.
As is apparent in FIG. 6, metering chain 21 not only acts to meter
the movement of articles A1 but this chain also regulates in
sequence the adjacent row of articles designated A2. Toward this
end metering projections designated generally by the numeral 39 are
mounted on the metering chain 21 and extend outwardly therefrom in
a direction opposite from the direction in which the metering
elements 32 extend. Of course it will be understood that metering
means 16 is provided with oppositely disposed projections and thus
may meter the movement of articles A3 and A4 while metering means
15 controls and regulates the movement of articles A5 and A6.
While the metering elements 15, 16, and 17 each controls the flow
of two rows of articles on the infeed conveyor means 1, separate
accelerating chains are provided for each row of articles fed into
the machine. Such accelerating chains are designated in the
drawings by the numerals 40-44 and 34 respectively. Of course each
accelerating chain is provided with an accelerating lug such as
that designated by the numeral 33 in connection with accelerating
chain 34.
As the articles are accelerated such for example by accelerating
chain 34 and its associated lug 33, each article is arranged to
slide along a pair of guides such as 46, 18 which control A1 and
then slide downhill along downwardly inclined portions 47 of guides
46 and 18, the support being by means of laterally extending flange
portions constituting extensions of the cover D best shown in FIG.
8 of each article.
From the accelerating means, the articles are transferred to
converger conveyors 48, 49 which are flexible endless elements
having their working reaches moving toward the right as viewed for
example in FIG. 7 and mounted on rotatable elements only one of
which designated by the numeral 50 is shown in FIG. 7. Rotatable
element 50 of course is mounted on horizontal shaft 51 supported by
the frame of the machine.
With the articles moving from left to right on the converger
conveyors such as 48 and 49, it is necessary to impart transverse
movement thereto and such movement is effected by converger
transport devices generally designated by the numerals 52 and 53.
Each of these converger transport devices comprises an endless
element such as 54 mounted on a pair of rotatable devices 55 and 56
one of which is a driven device arranged to impart clockwise
rotation to belts 54.
From FIG. 5 it is apparent that an article such as A1 moving toward
the right on converger conveyor 49 engages the working reach 54A of
belt 54 and is thus guided upwardly as viewed in FIG. 5 and toward
the right to be deposited ultimately on outfeed conveyor 57. In
like fashion articles such as A2 and A3 are guided across converger
conveyor 49 by means of converger transport device 53 and are thus
caused to occupy an in-line relationship in a single row on
conveyor 57 as shown in FIG. 5. Thus articles A1 and A2 and A3
which enter the machine on infeed conveyor means 1 are consolidated
into a single row on outfeed conveyor 57 as is apparent in FIG. 5.
In like fashion articles A4, A5 and A6 entering the infeed conveyor
section of the machine designated by the numeral 1 in three rows
are consolidated into a single row and are fed out of the machine
on outfeed conveyor 58 as is apparent in FIG. 5 due in part to the
action of converger transport device 52.
From the description thus far it is apparent that all six incoming
rows of articles could be consolidated into a single row on a
single conveyor if desired. In such case the conveyor such as 57
could be eliminated as would the converger transport device such as
52. Furthermore the converger transport belt 53 would be made
somewhat longer so as to insure that all of the articles coming out
of the accelerator section of the machine would be transported onto
outfeed conveyor 58 as is obvious.
Furthermore it is apparent that a greater number of rows of
incoming items than six could be consolidated into any lesser
number of rows by making obvious modifications in the elements as
might be desired.
Since a machine constructed according to this invention not only is
capable of consolidating a plurality of rows of articles into a
lesser number of rows of articles, the machine also can be utilized
to intermingle in any desired sequence articles of different types
so that miscellaneous articles may be accummulated on the outfeed
conveyor in any desired sequence according to one facet of the
invention.
It is also obvious that the rate of flow of incoming items supplied
to the infeed portion 1 of the machine can be accommodated by
simply controlling the velocity of movement of the other elements
of the machine so that the items on outfeed conveyors 57 and 58 are
fed out at a rate which is equal to the rate at which the total
items are fed into the infeed portion 1 of the machine as might be
desired.
* * * * *