U.S. patent number 3,835,737 [Application Number 05/368,211] was granted by the patent office on 1974-09-17 for keeper for socket wrenches.
Invention is credited to Harry A. Carr.
United States Patent |
3,835,737 |
Carr |
September 17, 1974 |
KEEPER FOR SOCKET WRENCHES
Abstract
A keeper accessory for use on a conventional wrench socket
without need for alterations to hold a fastener captive in the
socket while being manipulated into and out of an assembly
position. The one-piece resilient accessory is frictionally
engageable with the interior wall surface of the socket to retain
the accessory in place and includes an extension positioned to have
compressive frictional engagement with the hex face of a fastener
to hold the latter seated in the wrench socket deliberately
released therefrom.
Inventors: |
Carr; Harry A. (La Crescenta,
CA) |
Family
ID: |
26883300 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/368,211 |
Filed: |
June 8, 1973 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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187684 |
Oct 8, 1971 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
81/125 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B25B
23/108 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B25B
23/10 (20060101); B25B 23/02 (20060101); B25b
013/58 () |
Field of
Search: |
;81/125,177C,18R,18B,18C,185,186,3.43,3.38R,64 ;145/5D ;287/DIG.7
;29/229,235,172,183 ;24/1R,11HC,255PH,108,21S,23SL,224SS |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Smith; Al Lawrence
Assistant Examiner: Smith; James G.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sellers and Brace
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation of my application for U.S.
Letters Pat. Ser. No. 187,684 filed Oct. 8, 1971 now abandoned.
Claims
What I claim is:
1. That improvement in a 12-point wrench socket having inner and
outer ends and an interior surface provided with 12 inwardly
projecting axial ridges separated by twelve intervening shallow
V-shaped points which comprises: a keeper of resilient elastomeric
material having a portion thereof in resilient gripping contact
with and between the opposite ends of a plurality of the axial
ridges of said wrench socket and thereby retained assembled against
the inner end portions of said ridges solely by an interference fit
between said axial ridges and the radially juxtaposed portions of
said keeper, said keeper having an elongated protrusion extending
outwardly between an adjacent pair of said ridges toward the outer
end of said socket, said protrusion being shaped and sized to be
radially compressed between one face of a hex fastener and the
adjacent one of the points of said wrench socket when a hex
fastener is seated in the outer end of said socket and thereby
effective to hold the fastener frictionally gripped and captive in
the wrench socket while the fastener is being maneuvered into and
out of an assembly position.
2. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in that said
keeper comprises an elongated strip of arcuate configuration within
said wrench socket with said protrusion extending axially outwardly
along one point thereof.
3. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in that said
keeper comprises a ringlet having an O.D. greater than the diameter
of said wrench socket in an axial plane common to a pair of
diametrically opposed ridges of said socket.
4. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in that said
protrusion is generally triangular in cross-section with one face
thereof generally parallel to one face of a hex fastener when said
fastener is properly oriented in readiness for axial insertion into
said wrench socket.
5. That improvement defined in claim 4 characterized in that said
one face of said protrusion faces radially outwardly toward the
adjacent interior surface of said wrench socket with the ridge-like
crest of said protrusion facing inwardly toward the axis of said
wrench socket and in position to be engaged by the face of a hex
fastener as the latter is being inserted endwise into the wrench
socket.
6. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in that said
keeper is sufficiently resilient and compressible for frictional
engagement with and retention in a range of wrench sockets of
related sizes.
7. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in that said
keeper has a length prior to installation in said wrench socket
less than the interior circumference thereof, and in that said
keeper endeavors to expand radially against the interior surface at
the inner end of a wrench socket and to assume a U-shape as viewed
from the outer end of said socket.
8. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in that said
protrusion has a normal relaxed position in said wrench socket
lying primarily spaced inwardly from and out of contact with the
adjacent one of said points.
9. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in that said
protrusion has a width circumferentially of the wrench socket not
greater than the circumferential distance between adjacent points
of the socket.
10. That improvement defined in claim 9 characterized in that the
relaxed inwardly facing surface of said protrusion when installed
in the socket is non-circular to prevent a surface having a limited
area of contact with the hex face of a fastener seated in said
socket.
11. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in that said
inwardly facing surface of said protrusion comprises a crest
extending lengthwise thereof and facing radially inwardly toward
the axis of said socket.
12. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in that said
protrusion has a radial thickness not materially in excess of the
radial depth of the adjacent one of said points.
13. A keeper as defined in claim 12 characterized in that said
protrusion is non-circular in cross section and thicker in one
transverse direction than in a transverse direction at right angles
thereto.
Description
This invention relates to accessories for wrenches, and more
particularly to an improved keeper accessory readily installable in
a conventional wrench socket and expandable thereagainst to retain
itself installed and including means for frictionally gripping and
retaining a fastener component.
Many attempts have been made by designers to provide simple,
effective means to hold a fastener component captive while it is
being assembled to or separated from a companion component. The
need for such devices is particularly pronounced with respect to
fasteners located in remote, crowded or cramped quarters or in
areas not accessible to a mechanic's hands.
Certain prior proposals serves the purpose but require a specially
constructed wrench which is costly and not readily available when
needed.
By the present invention there is provided a simple one-piece
inexpensive accessory readily installable in conventional 12-point
wrench sockets without need for alteration. The accessory is
characterized by its resiliency and dual utilization of this
resiliency to hold the accessory in place in the wrench as well as
to engage a face of a hex fastener to hold it assembled to the
socket until deliberately detached therefrom. Typically, the
accessory comprises a T-shaped element of resilient stock, the
T-head of which is readily curled into a C configuration of a size
permitting it to be installed axially into the wrench socket
whereupon it expands into firm gripping contact with the interior
wall of the socket. The T-stem is positioned to extend lengthwise
of one point of the wrench socket and has an interference fit
between one hex face of the fastener and the juxtaposed point of
the socket. The entire accessory is located within and protected by
the wrench socket and, should the accessory become damaged or worn
in use, the accessory is readily replaced with a new one. The
portion of the accessory in frictional contact with the socket wall
is substantially greater than that in contact with the fastener
and, in consequence, the forces holding the accessory in assembled
position are very substantially greater than those employed to
retain the fastener captive in the wrench.
The accessory is conveniently manufactured integral with a series
of similar accessories following which the single components are
readily separated lengthwise and crosswise of the molding to form a
plurality of individual accessories each properly proportioned to
fit a different size wrench socket. The accessory can be
manufactured either of metallic of non-metallic resilient material.
If made of non-metallic elastomeric material, the accessories are
readily molded to a desired shape and can be cut to size by the
user to fit any particular wrench. However, if made of spring metal
each keeper would be stamped from spring sheet stock in different
sizes.
Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to
provide a new and improved highly-versatile inexpensive keeper
accessory for use with 12-point wrench sockets to hold a fastener
captive therein.
Another object of the invention is the provision of a one-piece
keeper accessory formed of resilient stock and generally T-shape in
configuration with the T-head curled into a split ring to grip the
interior of a wrench socket and the T-stem portion adapted to have
an interference frictional fit with one hex face of a fastener.
Another object of the invention is the provision of a keeper
accessory readily insertable into a deep wrench socket and adapted
to convert the socket for use to service spark plugs of internal
combustion engines.
Another object of the invention is the provision of a keeper
accessory readily installable in conventional 12-point wrench
sockets without need for making alterations or using fasteners to
hold the accessory installed in the socket.
Another object of the invention is the provision of a rugged
substantially indestructible keeper device insertable in a wrench
socket to hold a fastener captive therein and readily and quickly
replaced by a new one should a former one become worn or
damaged.
These and other more specific objects will appear upon reading the
following specification and claims and upon considering in
connection therewith the attached drawing to which they relate.
Referring now to the drawing in which a preferred embodiment of the
invention is illustrated:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view, partly in section, showing one
preferred embodiment of the invention keeper accessory installed in
a conventional 12-point wrench to hold a cap screw captive
therein;
FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view on an enlarged scale taken along
line 2--2 on FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIg. 2 but showing the cap screw
detached;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the accessory per se;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the keeper before the T-head portion is
curled into a C shape;
FIG. 6 is a view partly in cross section showing a modification of
the keeper installed in a wrench socket in readiness to receive a
fastener;
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary view of the right hand portion of FIG. 6
showing a fastener in place in the FIG. 6 wrench socket;
FIG. 8 is an elevational view of a deep socket with the invention
keeper installed, the parts being shown partly in cross section;
and
FIG. 9 is a plan view of a series of keeper accessories as
initially molded and prior to separation into individual
keepers.
Referring initially, more particularly to FIGS. 1-5, there is shown
one preferred embodiment of the invention keeper accessory,
designated generally 10, having the T-shaped configuration best
shown in FIG. 5. It will be understood that, as there shown, the
accessory is formed from thick resilient elastomeric material, such
as neoprene, and includes a long T-head portion 11 and a relatively
short narrow and thinner T-stem portion 12. The length of the
T-head is somewhat shorter than the interior girth of a 12-point
wrench socket 14 in which it is to be inserted. When thus
dimensioned, the T-head can be folded into a C configuration best
shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 with its free ends 15 seated in the adjacent
ones of a pair of the wrench points 16, it being well known in the
socket wrench art that the "point" of such wrenches designates the
shallow V-shaped groove seating the similarly shaped protrusion on
the periphery of a hexagonal fastener and defined by the triangular
shaped axial ridge therebetween. The tang or T-stem portion 12 of
the keeper projects laterally from adjacent one edge of the T-head
as is shown in FIG. 3, portion 12 being there located midway
between the opposite ends of the T-head so as to be positioned
directly opposite one of the socket points 16.
The outer end of tang 12 is beveled as indicated at 17 in FIG. 1 to
provide a camming surface engageable with the rim edge of a
fastener, such as the head 18 of cap screw 19 as this head is being
inserted into the wrench socket. Accordingly cam surface 17
deflects the tang 12 radially outwardly into points 16 as the
fastener is inserted into the wrench socket. Prior to insertion of
the fastener, tang 12 lies substantially inwardly of points 16 but
after insertion of the fastener the tang is deformed and shifted
radially to lie entirely within the points 16 with its outwardly
facing surfaces compressed snugly against the surfaces of the
wrench point and with its inwardly facing surface compressed in
snug frictional engagement with the adjacent face 20 of fastener
head 18.
As will be readily apparent from the foregoing, the numerous points
of pressure contact of the head portion 11 of the keeper with the
crests of the socket points produced by the tendency of the T-head
11 to expand outwardly and to resume its normal straight
configuration is highly effective in causing the accessory to grip
the socket wall and retain the keeper therein. This gripping action
is augmented when a fastener is inserted into the wrench socket due
to the fact that the fastener head compresses tang 12 into firm
gripping action with the sidewalls of the juxtaposed wrench point
16. Only the relatively small inwardly facing surface of the tang
presses against the hex face of the fastener but this fractional
pressure is more than adequate to hold the fastener firmly seated
while the wrench handle 23 is used in the customary manner to
maneuver the fastener into and out of a desired assembly position.
It will be understood that the wrench socket and its operating
handle are merely illustrative of many forms of conventional
wrenches of this type with which the present invention keeper
accessory is equally suitable for use.
Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, there is shown a second embodiment of
the invention differing only in minor respects from that shown in
FIGS. 1-5. The same or similar parts of the second embodiment are
identified by the same characters but distinguished by the addition
of a prime. Thus, keeper 10 is there shown as comprising a
continuous tubular ring having an external diameter selected to
have a snug interference fit with the crests of wrench points 16'
of wrench socket 14'. It will also be noted that the tang 12'has a
planar outwardly facing surface but a peaked inwardly facing
surface 24. However, when the hex head 18' of a fastener is seated
in the wrench socket tang 12' is forcibly shifted outwardly and
deformed into the configuration shown in FIG. 7 so that the peaked
surface 24 now lies flush against the hex face as the planar
exterior surface is forced into engagement with the peaked
trough-like surface of wrench point 16'.
FIG. 8 illustrates a further modification of the keeper
proportioned for use in a deep socket wrench 12" of the type
commonly used to service spark plugs for internal combustion
engines. As is well known, these spark plugs are commonly seated in
deep wells in the engine block and a deep socket wrench is
necessary to install and remove them from the engine. Any
conventional deep socket wrench 14" can be used for this purpise
when equipped with the invention keeper 10" modified by having a
relatively wide T-head portion 11". In all other respects keeper
10" is identical with that described above in connection with
either FIGS. 1-5 or FIGS. 6 and 7. As is clearly shown in FIG. 8,
the overall height of the accessory corresponds to the depth of the
well in the socket wrench 14". When the wrench is not being used to
service spark plugs, keeper 10" can be quickly removed thereby
making the full depth of the wrench socket available for engagement
with fasteners.
Referring now to FIG. 9, it is pointed out that the invention
keepers are conveniently molded integral with one another in the
manner there clearly shown. Tangs 12 project from the opposite
edges of the T-head portion 11 of the strip. The unit is
manufactured and sold as a flat continuous one piece molding and
preferably including markings, such as indicated by the dotted
lines 25,26 indicating how the strip can be severed to provide
keepers for wrench sockets of different sizes. This cutting and
tailoring can be performed simply by the purchaser, using ordinary
shears or a sharp knife blade. Once the individual keepers are cut
to size they are rolled into a C configuration and inserted into
the well of a wrench socket.
Although the invention keeper accessory has been described above as
formed from resilient elastomeric material, it will be readily
apparent that resilient sheet metal is equally suitable. When using
metal, either a split ring with overlapping ends or one having ends
separated as shown in FIGS. 1-5 and FIG. 8 can be employed. As will
be apparent when using a keeper made of metal, keeper tang 12 does
not distort in the same way as an elastomeric tang does, that is,
it is not so readily distorted by compression stresses, but
instead, reliance is had on setting up strong frictional gripping
forces between the fastener face and the inner surface of the tang.
This is of no handicap since the inwardly facing surface of the
metal tang provides adequate gripping power to hold the fastener
and the T-head portion of the keeper can be relied upon to retain
both the keeper and the fastener seated in the wrench socket.
While the particular keeper for socket wrenches herein shown and
disclosed in detail is fully capable of attaining the objects and
providing the advantages hereinbefore stated, it is to be
understood that it is merely illustrative of the presently
preferred embodiment of the invention and that no limitations are
intended to the detail of construction or design herein shown other
than as defined in the appended claims.
* * * * *