U.S. patent number 3,835,272 [Application Number 05/352,528] was granted by the patent office on 1974-09-10 for rotary screw switch.
Invention is credited to Edward M. Wisenbaker.
United States Patent |
3,835,272 |
Wisenbaker |
September 10, 1974 |
ROTARY SCREW SWITCH
Abstract
A flashlight is described having a switch which employs two
existing components of conventional flashlights in such a manner as
to eliminate a separate thumb switch, but which retains the
function of the separate switch. The switch employs the threaded
end cap of the flashlight which is tightened to make contact
between the barrel of the flashlight and loosened to break the
circuit. The tube or barrel of the flashlight serves as one conduit
and a spring used to bias the batteries is the other. The circuit
is closed by bringing the barrel into contact with a portion of the
spring. The switch has other application than to flashlights.
Inventors: |
Wisenbaker; Edward M. (Houston,
TX) |
Family
ID: |
23385499 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/352,528 |
Filed: |
April 19, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
200/60; 200/567;
362/206 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F21V
23/04 (20130101); H01H 21/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F21V
23/04 (20060101); H01H 21/00 (20060101); H01H
21/02 (20060101); H01h 003/40 (); F21v
023/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;200/60,158,166BA
;240/10.66 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Schaefer; Robert K.
Assistant Examiner: Tolin; Gerald P.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Johnson; Kenneth H.
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. An electrical switch comprising: a tube member having threads
toward one end thereof, a non-conducting cap member having threads
therein and engaged with said threads on said tube member and
rotatable thereon, a first electrical contact mounted in the top of
said cap member and aligned with the end of said tube member
removably engaging said end and forming an electrical contact
therewith, such engagement being subject to the relative rotation
of the cap and tube members to draw the cap member onto said tube
member, said tube member being a second electrical contact and a
depressable latch in said cap member in depressed contact with the
end of said tube member and a notch in the end of said tube member
removably engaging said latch.
2. The electrical switch according to claim 1 wherein said notch is
positioned for engaging said latch therein and bringing said first
and second electrical contacts into electrical engagement.
3. The electrical switch according to claim 1 comprising a first
notch positioned for engaging said latch therein and holding said
first and second electrical contacts out of electrical
engagement.
4. The electrical switch according to claim 3 wherein said first
electrical contact comprises a biasing means.
5. The electrical switch according to claim 4 wherein said threads
on said tube member are longer than said threads in said cap
member.
6. The electrical switch according to claim 1 comprising an
elongated tube member adapted to hold batteries, an illuminating
means mounted on one end of said tube member opposite said cap
member and electrically contacting said tube member.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel switch and in particular
relates to a tubular type flashlight in combination with said novel
switch.
Battery operated, portable flashlights are common fixtures in
homes, offices, vehicles, emergency kits and other locations. They
are a primary and essential tool for numerous occupations and
applications, For example, police and security officers rely
heavily on their flashlights to deter and detect crime. In almost
every use of flashlights, dependability of operation is an absolute
essential. An inoperative flashlight defeats the entire purpose,
very often, of having cached the light at a particular location.
For many purposes the flashlight is in place for an emergency
application, and immediate operation is required, even after long
periods of inactivity and storage.
There are principally three areas of potential trouble in the
ordinary flashlight. The first is ruptured or depleted batteries.
The second is a defective bulb, and the third is the switch. The
first two problems are readily and quickly corrected, even under
emergency or adverse conditions. The third potential problem of the
switch, however, presents a malfunction which, when it occurs,
usually means the end of the useful life of the flashlight.
Conventional prior flashlight switches are highly susceptible to
corrosion which is almost invariably the cause for a flashlight to
be discarded. The corrosion is a problem because of the acidic
environment which is present as a result of the batteries. It is
not uncommon for a minor leak to develop in a battery and for
corrosion to develop within the flashlight. The nature of the
conventional switch and the tenuous manner in which contact is made
are the primary causes for corrosion being a serious problem.
Repair or renovation of a badly corroded switch is essentially not
possible or not worth the trouble and effort. Furthermore, the very
nature of the switch is such that it cannot be repaired in that it
is usually not accessible.
It has now been found that a superior flashlight, i.e., superior in
durability, service and repairability, can be achieved by
elimination of the conventional thumb switch from the flashlight
and retention of the function of the switch with only the remaining
elements. Moreover, the elimination of the thumb switch has
resulted in a flashlight which can be produced at reasonable cost
which is practically indestructable even when subjected to repeated
sharp, heavy blows with the flashlight.
It is thus an advantage of the present flashlight that an element,
i.e., the thumb switch, can be eliminated and the function be
retained. It is a further feature of the present invention that a
more durable flashlight be provided. Another feature of the present
invention is the provision of a flashlight which is far less
susceptible to disability from corrosion. A particular advantage of
the present invention is that corrosion, should it occur and
disable the operation of the flashlight can readily be cleaned
away. Another feature of the present invention is a novel and
simple switch. Another feature of the present invention is the
provision of a flashlight with fewer operating parts than prior
flashlights. Yet a further advantage of the present invention is
the provision of a flashlight having the advantages and features
described and which can be readily produced with existing equipment
and by present manufacturers or by small manufacturers using only
basic machine shop equipment.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, very briefly, lies in a rotary screw-down
switch and to said switch in combination with the other elements of
a flashlight to form a new flashlight combination. Basically the
invention in the switch employs screwing the end cap on the
flashlight down to bring the tube of the flashlight in contact with
the biasing member, e.g., a coil spring, thus closing the circuit
and causing the flashlight to operate. The switch can of course be
applied to other devices besides flashlights, and it can be
employed with either AC or DC current.
The invention, including the specific embodiment relating to the
flashlight, will be clear from the following description of the
drawing. The same part or member has been identified with the same
designation where possible. There are possible a number of reversal
of parts in the present invention that are readily within the
ordinary skill in the art to effectuate. The reversals of parts
will neither change the function nor the result and are
contemplated to be within the scope of this invention as are other
obvious and conventional substitutions of known equivalents.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a partial cross section of a battery powered, hand-held
flashlight in a combination with the present switch.
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the end of a tubular member, for
example from a flashlight as depicted in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view taken along 2--2 of FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A SPECIFIC EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. 1, a flashlight employing the present switch is
disclosed. There are a number of conventional and standard items
employed in the flashlight, said items performing their art
recognized function. There are some items which partially perform
their prior art functions but also have new functions according to
the invention, and there are a number of entirely new elements not
previously related to flashlights. FIG. 1 shows a flashlight having
a barrel or tube 1 having threads 8 and 16 at each end of the
barrel 1. For the purposes of this description the end of the
barrel 1 having threads 8 shall be considered the "upper end" of
the barrel 1. Attached to threads 8 on the top of barrel 1 is head
2 which serves as a housing and receptacle for the reflector
assembly of the flashlight. The reflector assembly is a completely
conventional item employed in a somewhat unconventional manner and
is comprised of the reflector 10, contact plate 9, neck 11 and a
securing member 12 which is attached to the neck 11 in this
instance and has threads and is screwed into the neck 11. The
securing member 12 is usually a non-conducting material such as
plastic, bakelite, or the like and has a contact 14 which is in
contact with the bottom terminal of the bulb and is biased so as to
maintain contact with the batteries 29. The contact plate 9 is in
electrical contact with the neck which contacts a second terminal
of the bulb. Both the neck 11 and the contact plate 9 are comprised
of a conductive metal. The contact plate 9 is disk-like and is
seated against top edge of barrel 1. The contact plate 9 is held in
tight contact with the barrel by lens cap 3 which is screwed onto
threads 7 on head 2.
The lens cap 3 clamps down on the lip portion 5 of lens 4 which is
seated against the corresponding lip 13 of reflector 10. The head 2
and lens cap 3 can be made from a number of materials, for example
metal or plastic, and plastic is the preferred material here for
several reasons. The plastic could be an extruded, molded part, for
example in an inexpensive flashlight. The present description,
however, relates to a heavy duty flashlight, and the plastic
employed was 10,000 psi, high impact, high temperature (165.degree.
F.) PVC which was machined to the appropriate size and dimensions.
A particular advantage of the PVC as used here is its relative
light weight and low cost compared, for example, to metal which
would have the same high impact strength. The plastic too has an
impact absorbing characteristic which reduces and cushions the
shock to the head area of the flashlight, thus reducing the
potential of damage to the bulb.
The barrel 1 serves as the conduit for the electrical current. This
differs from prior flashlights in that the barrel was not in direct
and continuous contact with the contact plate. Instead in the prior
flashlights, the contact plate was contacted by activation of the
thumb switch, which then connected to the barrel. In the prior
flashlights the barrel was not in continuous contact with the
contact plate 9, but was connected to the contract plate through
the thumb switch. As noted above, the thumb switch of the prior art
was frequently the weakest link in the dependability and
functioning of the light.
The barrel 1 of the present invention can be a conductive metal,
and in this instance 1/8 inch aluminum tubing was employed. This
provides light weight, strength and current carrying capacity.
Other metals could just as easily have been employed. Similarly,
the barrel could be anodized so long as each end was left
unanodized for the purpose of making a contact. The barrel 1 could
for the reasons given above be made of plastic with a conductive
contact strip or coating on the inner surface running the length of
the barrel. The batteries 29 are arranged in the barrel in a
conventional manner and are in electrical contact with contact
14.
In order to provide a firm grip, a diamond knurl 6 has been placed
along a portion of barrel 1 and on lens cap 3 for removal of the
cap.
At the lower end of the flashlight, seated in cap 17 is a coil
spring providing bias against the batteries 29, thus maintaining
sufficiently close contact that an electrical current can flow. As
noted above, there are a number of conventional elements performing
unconventional functions herein. The spring 15 seated in cap 17 is
such an element. These two elements, i.e., the coil spring 15,
biasing means, and the cap 17, form the switch of the present
invention.
Referring to FIG. 2, it can be seen that spring 15 is seated in cap
17 by means of a base 27 which is adapted to snap into annular
groove 30 located in the cap immediately below the threads 31. In
addition, the base 27 is anchored by a flange (not shown) engaged
in hole 28 in the cap 17.
Referring again to FIG. 1, the cap 17 is shown mounted by means of
threads 31 on threads 16 on the lower end of barrel 1. The threads
are right threads (left-hand threads could also be used) such that
lower edge 26 of barrel 1 is drawn into cap 17 as the cap is
rotated in a clockwise direction. The switch is closed by rotating
the cap 17 in a clockwise direction until the lower edge 26
contacts base 27 of the spring 15. When this contact occurs the
circuit is closed and the current will flow, and in this case the
flashlight will light.
In FIG. 1 the switch is shown in the off position, and a small gap
25 is present between the lower edge 26 of barrel 1 and the base 27
of spring 15. In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the switch is
off.
The figures also represent a further refinement of the present
invention which is the latch 22 and notch indicators 18 and 19.
Referring now to FIG. 3, the notches which are in the lower edge 26
of barrel 1 can be clearly seen. Notch 18 is characterized as the
off notch, and notch 19 is characterized as the on notch. The
position of the on notch 19 is important since it must be such that
lower edge 26 is in electrical contact with the base 27 of spring
15. The location of off notch 18 is not important, other than it be
spaced at a sufficient space from notch 19 that a gap is created in
order to break the circuit.
Referring back to FIG. 1, latch 22 is engaged in off notch 18.
Latch 22 is seated in housing 20 and is biased against the lower
edge 26 of barrel 1 by spring 21. Annular shoulder 24 on latch 22
cooperates with annular lip 23 to prevent latch 22 from leaving the
housing when the cap is entirely removed from the barrel 1.
It is readily apparent that the cap 17 must either be made from a
non-conductor or that the spring 15, as seated therein, must be
insulated since the cap 17 is in contact with the barrel 1. In the
present embodiment the cap is machined from PVC, as described
above. It can be seen that use of a non-conducting tube with
internal contact stripes as described above would also be a manner
of handling that factor.
The flashlight depicted in FIG. 1 shows three batteries; however,
any number of batteries, e.g., 1 to 7, may conveniently be
employed.
For the configuration depicted in the figures, the spring is wound
in a counterclockwise direction in order to reduce and
counterbalance the effect of the torque as the cap is rotated into
the on position. Similarly, the spring 15 is anchored to prevent it
from moving and possibly contacting latch 22 which is always in
contact with the barrel 1 when assembled in a ready-to-use
configuration. Another refinement is the slight taper given to cap
17 to lessen the probability of the flashlight slipping out of the
hand.
In the present configuration, an American standard thread, i.e., 12
thread, was employed. It has been found that thread cuts of less
than 12 (12 threads per inch) are too deep and would weaken the 1/8
inch tubing. Possibly up to an 18 thread could be employed and
preferably no more than 14 thread since these threads are too fine
for this type of application and can result in cross-threading or
jamming.
It should be noted that there is a greater thread length on the
barrel 1, i.e., threads 16, than provided in cap 17 so that the
lower edge of barrel 1 can be brought against the base 27 of spring
15. A sufficient minimum difference is about 1/16 inch.
It is readily apparent that the present switch can be employed with
other devices than a flashlight and can be used with alternating
current as well as direct current. The present switch can be
employed alone or in conjunction with other types of switch and can
be used to replace virtually every type of switch now in use. For
example, the threads need only be sufficient to rotate the cap from
an on to an off position with a check or stop to prevent removal of
the cap from the tube member of the switch. The tube member itself
need only be sufficient to mount the cap thereon. The switch
contacts would be as present here, i.e., through the tube member
and through a base member position on the axis of the tube member
in electrically contacting alignment with the tube member. A spring
15, for example, would not be necessary in a wall switch employing
the present switch and would be replaced with a prong or other
means to contact the electrical circuit.
* * * * *