Communication Switching System, With Marker, Register, And Other Subsystems Coordinated By A Stored Program Central Processor

Abstract

A stored program computer is used for functions such as digit analysis and routing control where flexibility is important, while a wired logic time division multiplex register-sender subsystem is used to receive dialing and other call signals and to control outpulsing which require relatively fixed functions of a repetitive nature. A reed relay switching network is controlled by wired logic markers which perform path selection functions as well as supplying operating potentials for the network relays. The originating marker also performs the function of scanning the lines for originating calls, identifying the calling line and selecting a path through the network to a register junctor. Direct data communication is provided between the originating marker and the data processor computer for sending an originating message identifying the calling line and the register junctor. There is also a direct communication path from the computer to the terminating markers to send them messages identifying terminals to be connected to complete a call. The data processor includes a separate drum memory system with its own processing logic circuits for performing functions such as translations and providing an extended memory for some programs for the computer. The data processor computer communicates with the register-sender subsystem by direct access to the register-sender memory on a random basis, arranged so as not to interfere with the cyclical access by the register-sender subsystem.

Parent Case Text

This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 130,133 filed Apr. 1, 1971, now abandoned.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to a processor controlled communication switching system, and more particularly to a system using a stored program computer processor and separate wired logic processors.

2. Description of the Prior Art

Today there are a number of applications for highly reliable program-controlled data processing systems which have a real time demand on the system services. One example is a modern communication switching system for voice and/or data communication.

Such a data processing system has operational requirements such as an ability to cope with real time demands and an extremely high degree of system dependability. The term "real time" as employed herein, means that the processor must be capable of coping with all requests without significant delay, and the term "dependability" means that the system shall remain operative even though it has all the frailties of a man-made device.

There are many known common control communication switching systems, some of which use exclusively wired logic controlled common systems, and others of which use primarily stored program control for the common functions. Examples of a wired logic controlled system are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,170,041 by K. K. Spellnes, and U.S. Pat. No. 3,299,214 by K. E. Prescher et al. While such systems perform many of the common control functions well, it has become desirable in a modern system to have the flexibility of a stored program control. However, systems concentrating substantially all of the common functions in a single stored program control data processor may be unable to cope with the real time demands on such a system for high traffic density, particularly in emergency situations in which the demand may be several times the capability of the system. A communication switching system using multi-processors to divide the tasks involved in call processing is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,408,628 by R. L. Brass et al. While the multiprocessing approach increases the capacity of a system such that the normal call processing ability may be greatly increased, it is still possible in unusual situations that the processing apparatus may become greatly overloaded to the extent that the amount of output is actually decreased because of the time spent in serving new requests. It would be desirable to have a system arrangement such that the number of call requests presented to the central data processing system is limited so as not to exceed its capacity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the invention is to provide a switching system using an optimum combination of wired logic and stored program control. Another object is to provide a system in which the stored program data processor does not have its call handling capacity actually reduced due to overloading during periods of unusually high demand. Still another object is to provide a system which has a high degree of maintainability to provide the required dependability to insure continuous service.

According to the invention a communication switching system comprises wired logic markers arranged to independently find idle paths and establish connections through the switching network, and the markers further include means to detect originating call requests from calling line circuits and for each call request to establish an originating connection for the call to an idle register junctor; a separate register subsystem including the register junctors arranged to receive and store call digits for each call; a data processing unit is provided for processing the call data; data communication arrangement is provided interconnecting the data processing unit with the markers, and a data transfer arrangement is provided interconnecting the data processing unit with the register subsystem; with the markers having arrangements effective after the originating connection between the calling line circuits and the register junctor has been established to seize the data communication path and transmitting and originating data message identifying the calling line circuit and register junctor terminals to the central processor.

In the preferred form of the invention the data processor includes a stored program control computer, while the markers and the register subsystem use wired logic control. In the preferred embodiment the register subsystem uses a time division multiplex arrangement with cyclical access to its memory for serving the register junctors. For data transfer between the data processor computer and the register subsystem the computer has direct access on a random access base to the register subsystem memory.

According to a further feature of the invention, the data processing system includes a separate relatively slow speed processing system for functions such as translations between directory number and equipment number line designations, and also for providing an extended memory for storing programs for the computer. In the disclosed embodiment the memory for this system is a magnetic drum system.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The register-sender subsystem for this system is generally similar to that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,301,963 by D. K. K. Lee et al. for a Register-Sender Arrangement for a Communication Switching System Common Control Arrangement. The markers for the system are generally similar to the arrangement disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,293,368 by W. R. Wedmore for a Marker for a Communication Switching Network.

The above patents relate to a prototype system which did not include a stored program computer central processor.

The system covered by the present application, known as No. 1 EAX, or simply EAX, has some of the subsystems thereof described in the following U.S. patent applications, which are incorporated herein and made a part hereof as though fully set forth. The system disclosed herein uses integrated-circuit electronic logic circuits.

The memory access, and the priority and interrupt circuits for the register-sender subsystems are covered by U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 139,480, filed May 3, 1971 now U.S. Pat. No. 3,729,715, issued May 3, 1973, by C. K. Buedel for a MEMORY ACCESS APPARATUS PROVIDING CYCLIC SEQUENTIAL ACCESS BY A REGISTER SUBSYSTEM AND RANDOM ACCESS BY A MAIN PROCESSOR IN A COMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEM, hereinafter referred to as the REGISTER-SENDER MEMORY CONTROL patent application. The register-sender subsystem is described in U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 201,851 filed Nov. 24, 1971, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,737,873 issued Nov. 24, 1973, by S. E. Puccini for DATA PROCESSOR WITH CYCLIC SEQUENTIAL ACCESS TO MULTIPLEXED LOGIC AND MEMORY, hereinafter referred to as the REGISTER-SENDER patent application. Maintenance hardware features of the register-sender are described in four U.S. Pat. applications having the same disclosure filed July 12, 1972, Ser. No. 270,909, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,784,801, by J. P. Caputo and F. A. Weber for a DATA HANDLING SYSTEM ERROR AND FAULT DETECTING AND DISCRIMINATING MAINTENANCE ARRANGEMENT, Ser. No. 270,910, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,783,255 by C. K. Buedel and J. P. Caputo for a DATA HANDLING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE ARRANGEMENT FOR PROCESSING SYSTEM TROUBLE CONDITIONS, Ser. No. 270,912 by C. K. Buedel and J. P. Caputo for a DATA HANDLING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE ARRANGEMENT FOR PROCESSING SYSTEM FAULT CONDITIONS, and Ser. No. 270,916, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,783,256, by J. P. Caputo and G. O'Toole for a DATA HANDLING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE ARRANGEMENT FOR CHECKING SIGNALS, these four applications being referred to hereinafter as the REGISTER-SENDER MAINTENANCE PATENT APPLICATIONS.

The marker for the system is disclosed in the U.S. Pat. No. 3,681,537, issued Aug. 1, 1972 by J. W. Eddy, H. G. Fitch, W. F. Mui and A. M. Valente for a MARKER FOR COMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEM, and U.S. Pat. No. 3,678,208, issued July 18, 1972 by J. W. Eddy for a MARKER PATH FINDING ARRANGEMENT INCLUDING IMMEDIATE RING; and also in U.S. Pat. applications Ser. No. 281,586 filed Aug. 17, 1972 by J. W. Eddy for an INTERLOCK ARRANGEMENT FOR A COMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEM, Ser. No. 311,606 filed Dec. 4, 1972 by J. W. Eddy and S. E. Puccini for a COMMUNICATION SYSTEM CONTROL TRANSFER ARRANGEMENT, Ser. No. 303,157 filed Nov. 2, 1972 by J. W. Eddy and S. E. Puccini for a COMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEM INTERLOCK ARRANGEMENT, hereinafter referred to as the MARKER patents and applications.

The communication register and the marker transceivers are described in U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 320,412 filed Jan. 2, 1973 by J. J. Vrba and C. K. Buedel for a COMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEM TRANSCEIVER ARRANGEMENT FOR SERIAL TRANSMISSION, hereinafter referred to as the COMMUNICATIONS REGISTER patent application.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a telephone switching exchange;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the system showing the duplication of the subsystems of FIG. 1 and the reconfiguration control;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing how the computer central processor interfaces with other units of the data processing unit and of a register sender subsystem which together form the common control of the switching system;

FIG. 3A is a block diagram in a computer central processor showing a data bus and an address bus interconnecting a plurality of registers;

FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of the processor timing control;

FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing the sources for data bit .phi.;

FIGS. 6 and 7 are functional block diagrams showing the data bus sources for all bit positions;

FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram showing the address bus sources for bit .phi.;

FIG. 9 is a functional block diagram showing all of the address bus sources;

FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram of the instruction register;

FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram of the Y and S registers;

FIG. 12 is a functional block diagram of the arithmetic logic unit;

FIG. 13 is a functional block diagram of the A and Q registers;

FIG. 14 is a functional block diagram of the program count and last program count registers;

FIG. 15 is a block diagram of the index registers and a shift register;

FIG. 16 is a timing diagram for the instruction ADM (add to memory);

FIG. 17 is a block diagram of the computer line processor interfaces with other subsystems;

FIG. 18 is a block diagram of the computer memory control and drum systems;

FIGS. 19 and 19A comprise a drum access circuit block diagram;

FIG. 20 is a diagram of a drum segment, word organization;

FIGS. 21 and 22 are flowcharts for drum access circuit peripheral adapter read and write transfer;

FIG. 23 is a drum control unit block diagram;

FIG. 24 is a graph of the down control unit timing;

FIGS. 25 and 25A comprise a diagram of the block transfer module of the drum control unit block diagram;

FIGS. 26, 26A and 26B comprise a flowchart for read sequence and write sequence in the drum memory system;

FIGS. 27 and 27A comprise a flowchart for termination sequence in the drum memory system;

FIGS. 28 and 28A comprise a block diagram for associative search control in the drum memory system;

FIGS. 29 and 29A comprise an MLS flowchart for the drum memory system;

FIGS. 30 and 30A comprise an SLAS flowchart for the drum memory system;

FIGS. 31, 31A, 31B, 32 and 32A comprise an MLS control actions flowchart for the drum memory system;

FIGS. 33 and 33A are an MLS decision table for the drum memory system;

FIG. 34 is a DCU sequence flowchart for the drum memory system;

FIG. 35 is a block diagram of the input/output system;

FIG. 36 is a diagram interface information between the register-sender and the data processing unit;

FIG. 37 is a layout diagram of the register-sender memory;

FIG. 38 is a layout diagram of the storage area in memory for one register;

FIG. 39 is a diagram of the call history table;

FIGS. 40-46 are layout diagrams of the call history table contents during time frames .phi.-6 respectively;

FIG. 47 is a field program block diagram flowchart;

FIG. 48 is a typical layout of a portion of the main core memory;

FIGS. 49-69 are memory diagrams and flowcharts for the executive program;

FIG. 70 is a combined hardware and software simplified flowchart for a local-to-local call;

FIGS. 71-103B are call processing software flowcharts; and

FIGS. 104-125A are executive software flowcharts.

GENERAL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Referring now to FIG. 1 of the drawings, there is shown a system 100 which incorporates the principles of the present invention and which comprises a line group 110, a selector group 120, a data processor unit 130, a maintenance and control center 140 for the data processor unit, a trunk-register group 150, an originating marker 160, a terminating marker 170, and a register sender 200. The line group 110 includes reed-relay switching networks A, B, C and R for providing local lines L000 to L999 with a means of accessing the system 100 for originating calls and for providing a means of terminating calls destined for local customers. The trunk-register group 150 also includes reed-relay switching networks A and B to provide access to the system 100 for incoming trunks 152 from distant offices, and to route trunk calls through the system to local customers or to outgoing trunks 120 to distant offices. The selector group 120 forms an intermediate switch and may be considered the call distribution center of the switching system 100. The selector group 120 routes calls appearing on its inlets to appropriate destinations, such as local lines or other offices represented by outgoing trunks, by means of reed-relay switching networks A, B and C. Thus, the line group 110, the trunk-register group 150, and the selector group 120 form the switching network for the system 100 and provide full-metallic paths through the office for signaling and transmission.

As seen in FIG. 1, the originating marker 160 provides high-speed control of the switching networks to connect the calls entering the system 100 to the register sender 200. The terminating markers 160 control the switching networks of the selector group 120 for establishing connections therethrough. If a call is to be terminated on a customer's line within the office, the terminating marker 170 sets up a connection through both the selector group 120 and the line group 110 to the customer's line.

The register sender 200 provides for receiving and storing of incoming digits, and for outpulsing digits to distant offices, when required. Incoming digits in the dial pulse mode, in the form of touch calling multifrequency signals from local lines, or in the form of multifrequency signals from incoming trunks are accommodated by the register sender 200. A group of register junctors RRJ provides an interface for the incoming digits which are transferred to tone receivers 201 via a sender-receiver matrix RSX. A ferrite-core memory RCM stores the digital information via a memory access circuit RMA under the control of a common logic control 202. Digits may be outpulsed by dial pulse generators or multifrequency senders 203, which are selectively connected to the register junctors RRJ via the sender-receiver matrix RSX. The common logic control 202, the memory access RMA, and the core memory RCM form the register apparatus of the present invention, and provide a pool of registers for storing call processing information received via the register junctors RRJ. The information is stored in the core memory RCM on a time division multiplex basis, and the memory RCM can be accessed by the data processor unit 130 on a random access basis.

The data processor unit 130 provides stored-program computer control for processing calls through the system 100. Instructions provided by the unit 130 are utilized by the register sender 200 and other subsystems for processing and routing of the call. The unit 130 includes a drum memory 131 for storing, among other information, the equipment number information for translation purposes. A pair of drum control units, such as the unit 132 cooperate with a main core memory 133 and control the drum 131. A central processor 135 accesses the register sender 200 and communicates with the main core memory 133 to provide computer control for processing calls through the system 100. A communication register 134 transfers information between the central processor and the originating markers 160 and the terminating markers 170. An input/output device buffer 136 and a maintenance control unit 137 transfer information between the maintenance and control center 140.

The maintenance and control center 140 provides a centralized facility for interfacing between the attendant and the system equipment. The center 140 provides displays and alarms to monitor system operation, and includes input-output devices, such as a teletypewriter 142, tape punch and tape reader unit 144, and a maintenance console 145, which cooperates with the maintenance control unit 137 of the data processor unit 130.

Line Group

The line group 110 is an equipment group which enables lines L000 to L999 to access the system 100. The line group 110 is also the equipment group from which lines L000 to L999 are accessed. In step-by-step electromechanical systems, each line has a dual appearance, one at a linefinder for originating calls and the other at a connector for receiving calls. In the system 100 of the present invention, customer lines have only one appearance which is at the line group for both originating and receiving calls.

The line group 110 may be considered to be a large switching network which provides two-way switching to 1,000 lines. For larger size offices, such as a 10,000 line exchange, additional line groups and other equipment are provided. On an originating call, the line group 110 provides concentration from 1,000 lines to 140 originating junctors. Each originating junctor provides a split between calling and called parties while the call is being established, thereby providing a separate path for signaling. On a terminating call, the line group 110 provides expansion from 120 terminating junctors to 1000 lines being served. The terminating junctors provide ringing control, battery feed, and line supervision for calling and called lines. Crosspoint switching networks, such as A network 111 and B network 112, are switching matrices and form a full-metallic path for signaling and transmission.

The line group 110 also includes line circuits LC1 to LC1,000, which are individually associated with the lines L000 to L999. The line circuits LC1 to LC1,000 each include line and cut-off reed relays to provide a call-for-service on an originating call, to mark the line busy on an originating or terminating call, and to remove the attachments from the line on a terminating call.

The line matrices are arranged in four stages -- A, B, C and R. The crosspoints used in the A, B, and C stages are two-winding three- or four-contact reed relay crosspoints. The R stage crosspoints are two-winding ten-contact crosspoints. The line matrices establish connections to the originating junctors and the register junctors RRJ of the register sender 200 from the lines L000 to L999 connected to their inlets for originating calls. The line matrices also establish connections to terminating junctors 170 to the lines L000 to L999 on terminating calls.

The A and B stages provide paths to the originating junctors and provide concentration from 1000 line inlets to 140 originating junctors. The R stage provides a temporary connection between the originating junctor and the register junctor RRJ on originating calls.

The A, B, and C stages provide paths from terminating junctors for terminating calls. Both originating and terminating calls are connected through the A and B stages, with separate outlets being provided on the B stage to originating junctors and C stages for handling each type of call. The C stage operates during terminating calls only, and provides a matrix that distributes the traffic from 120 terminating junctors to all parts of the A and B stages. This traffic is then expanded to a maximum of 1000 line inlets.

An originating junctor is used for every call originating from a local line, and remains in the connection for the duration of the call. The originating junctor extends the calling line's signaling path to the register junctor RRJ in the register sender 200, and at the same time provides a separate signaling path from the register sender to the selector group 120 for outpulsing, when required. The originating junctor isolates the calling line until cut-through is effected, at which time the calling party is switched through to the selector group inlet. The originating junctor also provides line lock-out.

A terminating junctor is used for every terminating call and remains in the connection for the duration of the call. Its functions include ringing control, battery feed, and line supervision for calling and called lines.

There is provided a connect and access circuit (not shown) which is associated with the line matrices of the line group 110. The purpose of this circuit is to provide a means for connecting a marker to a matrix or a junctor to permit the marker to manipulate them, to perform tests on them, and to receive information from them.

Selector Group

The selector group 120 is an equipment group which provides intermediate mixing and distribution of the traffic from various trunks and junctors on its inlets to various trunks and junctors on its outlets. The outlets of the selector group 120 are arranged so that a path may be selected to one of a group of equipment on its outlets. Line groups are connected to a plurality of outgoing trunks 121 or other line groups through the selector group 120, and a plurality of incoming trunks 152 are connected to line groups or outgoing trunks through the selector group. An analogy may be made between the functions of the selector group 120 of the system 100, and those of selector switches of the electromechanical step-by-step system.

The selector group 120 comprises a selector matrix, such as the A stage 122, to provide the signaling and transmission paths, and connect and access equipment (not shown) which controls the selector group 120 in response to the terminating marker 170. The crosspoints used to form the switching network in the selector group 120 are two-winding four-contact reed relays.

The selector matrix comprises three switching stages -- A, B, and C. The function of the three-stage selector matrix is to interconnect the originating junctors, the incoming trunks, and special local facilities, such as the insertion junctor 123, with the terminating junctors, the outgoing trunks 121, intertoll, EAS, toll terminating, and special local facilities on a "fan-out" basis.

The connect and access circuit (not shown) associated with the selector matrix of the group selector provides a means for connecting the terminating marker 170 to a matrix to control the matrix, to permit the marker to perform tests on it, and to receive information from the matrix. Only the terminating marker 170 can access the selector matrix.

Trunk-Register Group

The trunk-register group 150 provides access to the system 100 from the group of incoming trunks 152, or special feature junctor circuits (not shown).

The trunk-register group comprises a two-stage trunk-register matrix to provide the signaling and transmission paths, and connect and access circuitry (not shown) which controls the matrix of the trunk-register group in response to the originating marker 160.

The trunk-register matrix provides a signaling path from the distant party, via the associated trunk or junctor to the register junctor RRJ, and a signaling path between the register junctor RRJ and the selector group 120. Thus, the trunk-register matrix provides the connection for the trunk or junctor to the register junctor RRJ during sending and receiving of dial pulse or tone signaling.

Originating Marker

The markers used in the system 100 are electronic units which control the selection of idle paths and the establishment of connections through the matrices. The originating marker 160 detects calls for service in the line and/or trunk-register group 150, and controls the selection of idle paths and the establishment of connections through these groups. On line-originated calls, the originating marker 160 detects calls for service in the line matrix, controls path selection between the line and originating junctors, and between originating junctors and register junctors. On incoming trunk calls, the originating marker 160 detects calls for service in the incoming trunks connected to the trunk-register 150 and controls path selection between the incoming trunks 152 and register junctors RRJ.

Originating markers are provided in pairs, operating simultaneously but not in synchronism. In case of marker fault, the redundant marker can handle the entire traffic load. Ordinarily, the same originating markers are used for setting up connections through both line and trunk-register matrices. When the traffic warrants it, originating markers are provided separately for the line matrix and for the trunk-register matrix in an office. The marker pair handling incoming trunk traffic in a selector section only can serve up to 10 trunk-register groups.

The communication transceiver accepts data from the assigner, inlet control, and outlet control circuits as to the identity of the matrix accessed, inlet saved, and junctors to be used to service the call. The communication transceiver forwards this data to the data processor unit. For maintenance, the transceiver is used by the data processor unit to gather status information from the marker for analysis of fault conditions, and to instruct the marker to change status, i.e., on-line to off-line. It is also used to establish test calls for the purpose of error and fault separation. Test call results determine reconfiguration and later enable detailed diagnostics to be performed.

The originating marker can work in a reverse mode as well. That is, the data processor sends a frame of data to the communications transceiver, indicating inlet identity, and originating and register junctors identity. This mode is employed when routining the office equipment. In this case, the inlet control will access only the inlet indicated. The outlet control section will be restricted to a particular junctor if a junctor identity has been included in the data frame. The communications transceiver then returns a data frame response to the data processor unit as in a normal call.

Terminating Marker

The terminating marker 170 controls the selection of idle paths and the establishment of connections for terminating calls. The terminating marker 170 controls the establishment of all calls through the selector matrix of the selector group 120 and, in the case of a call terminating on a local line, establishes connections through the line matrix of the line group 110.

The marker connects an inlet of the selector group 120 to an idle junctor or trunk circuit. If the call is to a local line, the terminating marker selects the idle terminating junctor and connects it to a line group inlet, as well as connecting it to a selector group inlet. For this purpose, the appropriate idle junctor is selected and a path through a line group 110 and the selector group 120 is established.

A terminating marker is designed to serve up to 8 selector groups and up to 10 line groups when serving an office section and up to 10 selector groups when serving a selector section. They are provided in pairs and operate alternately. One of the markers of a pair is selected for each termination, but the two markers are not operated simultaneously. In case of a marker fault, the alternate marker can handle the entire traffic load.

The communications transceiver is the primary link for signaling and communicating with the data processor unit, both for call processing and maintenance activity. Switching instructions are received from the data processor unit as to a connection to be established. This information (data) indicates the selector group inlet to be serviced and the selector group outlets having the correct junctor or trunk circuit group, and includes information to be loaded into these junctors or trunk circuits. If the call is to a line group, the data also indicates the line to which the call is to be terminated. At the end of call processing, the communications transceiver returns a data frame (block of information) to the data processor unit containing the above information along with the identification of the exact junctor or trunk chosen.

Register Sender

The register sender 200 is a time-shared common control unit with the ability to register and process 192 calls simultaneously from local lines or incoming trunks. The register sender 200 provides the electronic time-shared register apparatus for receiving and storing incoming digits, and pulse generating sender circuitry to forward a call toward its destination. In this regard, the register sender 200 generally includes a plurality of register junctors RRJ which are space-divided electromechanical access circuits for providing an interface between the switching matrices of the system 100 and the time-shared register apparatus, which includes the electronic logic of a common logic control 202, a ferrite-core memory RCM to store digits to be received and sent via the register junctors RRJ, and supervisory information pertaining to the call under the control of the common logic control 202 via a memory access RMA. A sender-receiver matrix RSX selectively connects a plurality of tone receivers 201 and senders 203 to the register junctors RRJ for signaling modes other than the dial pulse mode which is provided for by the register junctors RRJ.

The time-shared common logic control 202 of the register sender 200 is duplicated and runs identical operations in synchronism with one another. Under normal conditions, both sets of time-shared equipment are partially active, one set serving one-half of the register junctors RRJ and the other set serving the remaining half of the register junctors RRJ. In case of equipment faults, either set of time-shared equipment can serve all of the register junctors RRJ.

The space-divided equipment of the register sender 200 includes the register junctors RRJ, the senders and receivers, and the sender-receiver matrix RSX. The register junctors RRJ with their associated multiplex equipment (not shown) provide an interface between the space-divided matrix outlets connected to the register junctors RRJ and the time-shared common logic control 202. The sender-receiver matrix RSX provides a concentration of the traffic from the register junctors RRJ to the tone senders and receivers under the control of the common logic control 202. The senders 203 provide for sending in the multifrequency mode, and the receivers provide for receiving in either the touch-calling multifrequency mode from the local lines or the multifrequency mode from the incoming trunks 152.

The register junctors RRJ are the entry and exit point of the register sender 200 for information transferred between the switching network and the register sender. The register junctors enable the register sender to provide the following features: dial pulse receiving and sending, coin and party testing, line busy, and dial tone and reorder tone application. The incoming and outgoing matrix paths are held by the register junctors RRJ during call processing. The register junctors comprise electromechanical components for compatibility with lines, trunks, and switching network circuits, however they also include electronic interfacing circuits which are similar to those in the markers for compatability with the electronic common logic control 202. Signals from lines, trunks, and network circuits are received by the register junctors and forwarded to the common logic control for processing.

The common logic control 202 contains the control logic for call processing by the register sender 200. The purpose of the common logic control 202 is to perform all functions associated with receiving, sending, and timing of digits, and to control processing of calls by generating commands for other circuits in the register sender and for the switching network. Since the common logic control 202 operates on a time-shared basis to store call processing information in the memory RCM, the common logic control 202 has the ability to register and process 192 simultaneous calls. The common logic control works closely with the core memory RCM which together form the register apparatus of the present invention, and which provides storage of information concerning the calls in progress and information relating to the data processor unit 130.

The core memory RCM is a conventional ferrite core memory, which need not be disclosed in detail. The memory RCM automatically restores the information in the same cores after a read operation, and it likewise automatically clears the information from the cores immediately prior to writing information into them. It is to be understood that the memory RCM could also be any suitable type of non-destructive read-out memory.

DATA PROCESSOR UNIT

The data processor unit 130 is the central coordinating unit and communication hub for the system 100. The data processor unit 130 is in essence a general-purpose computer with special input-output and maintenance features which enable it to process data. It uses hardware interrupts with eight levels of priority, and several sources per level. It has a two-microsecond main memory cycle.

The call processing operation includes control of: the originating process communication (receipt of line identity, etc.), the translation operation, route selection, and the terminating process communication. The translation operation includes: class-of-service look-up, inlet-to-directory number translations, matrix outlet-to-matrix inlet translation, code translation, and certain special feature translations. The maintenance operations include: monitoring the system for trouble conditions, trouble access to system units, routining, storage of information about certain calls being established, trouble diagnosis, and printout. Traffic operations include: monitoring equipment usage and overloads, providing the proper response to relieve overload conditions, and providing a means to measure the quality of service.

The data processor unit assembles information that is received from markers and the register sender 200 into a series of call processing instructions which are sent to the markers and register sender to provide for processing of service demands throughout the system 100. Storage is also provided for a directory number group consisting of 25,000 blocks of numbers which can be associated with up to a maximum of 16 different office codes. A library is maintained of semi-permanent information concerning each line inlet's classification, and of tables for use in translating customer or machine pulse information into switching instructions. There is also maintained a library of semi-permanent information concerning the grading of the office and the connection of all trunks and junctors, and a library of semi-permanent instructions which are utilized for automated diagnosis and maintenance of all portions of the system essential to call processing. Required traffic monitoring functions for calls handled by the system 100 are performed by the unit 130.

The data processor unit is comprised of a computer complex 130 and a drum memory system. The computer complex is comprised of the central processor 135, ferrite-core main memory 133, computer memory control (FIG. 2), and communication links including communication register 130.

The computer complex 130 is a high-speed digital computer which is designed for high availability and to allow the system to expand in both features and additional equipment. This is accomplished through the inherent flexibility of the stored program and the orderly expansion of the computer complex 130 with use of modular design. Through the use of its stored-program capability, the computer complex 130 is used in call processing for making high-speed translations. It is also used to control the communications between all sub-systems.

Another important function of the computer complex 130 is in the area of maintenance for the entire system. By utilizing its stored-program capability, the computer complex recognizes error conditions in other sub-systems, isolates the error to a particular sub-system; removes it from service and assists in locating the error to a minimum of replaceable plug-in modules. The computer complex also provides for communication with other central office equipment such as ticketers, routiners, and call metering equipment.

The central processor 135 is the central control unit of the computer complex 130 and is used to obtain program instructions stored in the main memory 133, interpret each instruction, and perform the necessary operations specified by the instruction. The main memory 133 is a ferrite-core memory and stores the system control program which is an executive program, and call processing programs whose frequency of usage requires that they be locally available.

The drum memory 131 provides mass storage for translation data, diagnostic programs, tables, and other information. The drum control unit provides control for transferring information between the main core memory 133 and the drum memory 131, on a cycle stealing basis, so that there is no interference with the central processor in accessing the memory 133.

Either of two possible drum memory arrangements may be employed. The entire drum may be accessed by one drum control unit. This method may be used for low traffic on the drum. In the case of high traffic on the drum, the drum is divided into two storage areas and a separate drum control unit is provided for accessing each section of the drum simultaneously.

The drum control unit has the ability to provide two different search modes; the block transfer or extended memory mode, and the associative search mode. The block transfer mode of operation is used in transferring programs and tables between computer core memory and the magnetic drum. (The programs and tables which are drum resident are those which are not used frequently enough to warrant the cost of core residence). The block transfer takes place via the computer memory control (FIG. 2) without interferring with the operation of the central processor, which continues its operation. The location of each word on the drum is uniquely defined by the segment number and an angular index value. The angular index value, 1-11,000 defines a drum location relative to a single fixed reference point (a single pulse on a clock track). A counter, advanced one count per drum location, is used to develop the index value. The pulses for advancing and resetting this counter are derived from clock tracks written on the drum. The drum index clock track consists of 11,000 consecutive pulses (one for each location), and the drum reset pulse consists of one pulse per revolution of the drum.

The associative search mode, used for translations in call processing, requires an associative search of the information stored on the drum to find the record to be transferred. This is a "read only" mode, and the search may be either single-level or multi-level. This mode likewise proceeds while the central processor continues operation independently.

Maintenance and Control Center

The maintenance and control center 140 serves as a centralized facility for interfacing between the operating personnel and the switching system 100. The center 140 serves as the focal point for monitoring system and sub-system operation, exercising manual controls, initiating test call routines and test programs, and providing print-out of maintenance information. Additionally, the maintenance and control center 140 provides a visual indication of all traffic conditions along with sufficient control for switch management.

The maintenance and control center 140 also provides the interface for use of optional remote test equipment to provide compatibility with other testing in the exchange area. The remote test equipment would be used to provide for testing of lines served by an office located beyond the supervisory limits of the local test trunks in the main office.

Multi-Section Offices

A switching unit may be divided into several sections of equipment. These sections are: (a) office section(s), (b) selector section, and (c) control section.

Office Section

"Office section" is a term applied to a given grouping of matrices and markers in an office. The office section includes a number of line groups, a number of selector groups, a single pair of terminating markers, one or two pairs of originating markers, and one or two trunk-register groups. An office section provides a standardized arrangement of switching equipment for up to 10,000 lines and associated trunks and junctors. The office section may have up to ten line groups. These line groups will provide up to 10,000 lines (10 .times. 1,000) or 12,500 directory numbers. Although the office section serves up to 10,000 lines, there is no association with directory numbers such as a single office code with the office section. The lines are only associated with respect to the traffic they generate.

Up to five trunk-register groups may be included in the office section. These trunk-register groups will provide for up to 1,000 trunk circuits (5 .times. 200) and the special junctors which require a register junctor. All incoming and two-way trunk circuits and a few insertion junctors require connection to a trunk-register group. Most insertion junctors and any intermediate junctors from a "Selector Section" do not require connection to a trunk register group.

The office section may have up to eight selector groups. These groups will provide up to 2400 inlets (8 .times. 300). Since the line groups will require 1400 or less inlets for originating junctors (10 .times. 140 maximum), there will be 1000 inlets or more for junctors and trunk circuits. These will include inlets for insertion junctors, intermediate junctors, incoming trunk circuits, and the incoming portion of two-way trunk circuits.

One or two pairs of originating markers may be included in an office section. One pair of originating markers will handle ten line groups as well as some trunk-register groups. The number of trunk-register groups which can be served is a function of traffic. If all trunk groups are stop-dial trunks, all of the trunk-register groups may be served by the same marker pair that is serving the ten line groups. If a large number of inter-digitally switched trunks must be served, a second originating marker pair may be required to serve those trunk-register groups which cannot be served by the first originating marker pair.

A single pair of terminating markers is included in an office section. The reason for this is that both the office section and the selector section are built around a terminating marker pair.

A system switching unit may contain one or two office sections, equipped as required in accordance with the information presented in the preceding paragraphs.

When the number of inlets provided by eight selector groups would be too small, the office must be equipped with a selector section (incoming portion) or the number of lines and/or trunks per office section must be reduced. When the number of outlets provided by the selector groups would be too small, the office must be equipped with a selector section (outgoing portion) or the number of lines and/or trunks per office section must be reduced. When the traffic limits imposed would be exceeded, the number of lines and/or trunks per office section must be reduced.

The choice of the ultimate number of selector groups within an office section affords some degree of flexibility. The number chosen must be made such as to plan for the ultimate sized office. (This consideration is also true when determining the requirements for selector group outlets.) If the office will ultimately require that trunks be served by a selector section, the number of selector groups may be kept less than the maximum, and new trunks served by either the selector section or by a second office section so as to avoid adding a selector group which later would not be required.

Selector Section

A selector section is a term applied to a given grouping of markers and matrices in a system. This section is a supplementary section which provides for trunk switching. The selector section contains the same equipment as an office section, except it does not have any line groups and it may have up to ten selector groups. It may also include up to fifteen trunk-register groups, equipped as dictated by the number and type of trunks. The selector section may include up to three originating marker pairs, and a terminating marker pair.

In any system, the selector section may be referred to by its function, such as incoming selector section, outgoing selector section, or a combination of the two. An incoming selector section extends incoming trunks to office sections and outgoing trunks, and where required, to an ougoing selector section. An outgoing selector section extends the outlets of office sections and incoming trunks, and where required, the outlets of an incoming selector section, to outgoing trunks. A selector section is sometimes provided in two parts to function as both an incoming selector section and an outgoing selector section.

Control Section

The control section is that part of the switching system used to receive incoming signals from lines or trunks, to control the call processing and translation, to control switching of the call by the terminating markers, and send outgoing signals to the line or trunk. The control section also provides for maintenance and control of the system.

A control section always contains the following common control equipment:

a. one register-sender with redundant RS common logic unit and associated temporary memory for maintainability. Provides for registering the called number, sending interoffice signaling, and storage of supervisory information.

b. one data processor, with redundant circuitry, utilizes stored program control for call processing control, translation, maintenance, and traffic functions.

c. one maintenance and control center. Provides display and control for the craftsman.

No switching system may have more than one control section. It may, however, include two register-senders if traffic warrants it.

SYSTEM OPERATION

This part presents a simplified explanation of how three basic call types are processed by the system. The following call types are covered in the order listed: (1) call from a local party served by one switching unit to another local party served by the same switching unit, (2) call from a local party served by a switching unit destined for a party served by a distant office, via an outgoing trunk, and (3) call coming into the office via an incoming trunk, and terminating at a local customer's line served by the switching unit.

In the following presentations, reed relays are referred to as correeds. All of the data processing operations which take place are not included.

Local Line-to-Local Line Call

When a customer goes off-hook, the D.C. line loop is closed, causing the line correed of his line circuit to be operated. This action constitutes seizure of the equipment, and places a call-for-service. One originating marker is assigned to the call. A line identifier in the originating marker upon detecting a call-for-service scans to select only one line if a plurality are calling, and identifies the equipment number (matrix and terminal identity), in the manner disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,211,837 by L. Bruglemans.

After the marker has identified the calling line number (line matrix number, AB group number, A unit, and A unit inlet), and has preselected an idle path identified in terms of the B unit, B unit outlet, and R unit outlet; this information is loaded into the marker communication register and sent to the data processor unit via its communication transceiver.

While sending line number identity (LNI) and route data to the data processor, the marker operates and tests the path from the calling line to the register junctor. The closed loop from the calling station operates the register junctor pulsing relay, contacts of this relay are coupled to a multiplex pulsing highway.

Upon detecting the pulsing highway and a notification from the data processor that an origination has been processed to the specified register junctor, the central control circuits set up a hold ground in the register junctor. The marker, after observing the register junctor hold ground and that the network is holding, disconnects from the matrix. The entire marker operation takes approximately 75 milliseconds.

The data processor unit, upon being informed of a call origination, enters the originating phase. The originating phase is one of the three major phases of the call processing function, and can best be defined as all program functions that are performed from the time the originating marker informs the data processor of an originating call until the register-sender is initialized to receive the incoming digital information.

As previously stated, the "data frame" (block of information) sent by the marker includes the equipment identity of the originator, originating junctor and register junctor, plus control and status information. The control and status information is used by the data processor control program in selecting the proper function to be performed on the data frame.

The data processor analyzes the data frame sent to it, and from it determines the register junctor identity. A register junctor translation is required because there is no direct relationship between the register junctor identity as found by the marker and the actual register junctor identity. The register junctor number specifies a unique cell of storage in the core memories of both the register-sender and the data processor, and is used to identify the call as it is processed by the remaining call processing programs.

Once the register junctor identity is known, the data frame is stored in the data processor's call history table (addressed by register junctor number), and the register-sender is notified that an origination has been processed to the specified register junctor.

Following the register junctor translation, the data processor performs a class-of-service translation. The class-of-service translation is needed because different inlets on the line matrix require different services by the system. Included in the class-of-service is information concerning dial tone, party test, coin test, type of ready-to-receive signaling required, type of receiver (if any) required, billing and routing, customer special features, and control information used by the digit analysis and terminating phase of the call processing function. The control information indicates total number of digits to be received before requesting the first dialed pattern translation, pattern recognition field of special prefix or access codes, etc.

The class-of-service translation is initiated by the same marker-to-data processor data frame that initiated the register junctor translation, and consists of retrieving from drum memory the originating class-of-service data by an associative search, keyed on the originator's LNI (line number identity). Part of the class-of-service information is stored in the call history table (in the data processor unit core memory), and part of it is transferred to the register-sender core memory where it is used to control the register junctor.

Before the transfer of data to the register-sender memory takes place, the class-of-service information is first analyzed to see if special action is required (e.g., non-dial lines or blocked originations). The register junctor is informed of any special services the call it is handling must have. This is accomplished by the data processor loading the results of the class-of-service translation into the register-sender memory words associated with the register junctor.

The register junctor returns dial tone and the customer proceeds to key (touch calling telephone sets) or dial the directory number of the desired party. (Party test on ANI lines is performed at this time).

The register junctor pulse repeating correed follows the incoming pulses (dial pulse call assumed), and repeats them to the register-sender central control circuit (via a lead multiplex). The accumulated digits are stored in the register-sender core memory.

In this example, a local line without special features is assumed. The register-sender requests a translation after collecting the first three digits. At this point, the data processor enters the second major phase of the call processing function -- the digit analysis phase.

The digit analysis phase includes all functions that are performed on incoming digits in order to provide a route for the terminating process phase of the call processing function. The major inputs for this phase are the dialed digits received by the register-sender and the originator's class-of-service which was retrieved and stored in the call history table by the originating process phase. The originating class-of-service and the routing plan that is in effect is used to access the correct data tables and provide the proper interpretation of the dialed digits and the proper route for local terminating (this example) or outgoing calls.

Since a local-to-local call is being described (assumed), the data processor will instruct the register-sender to accumulate a total of seven digits and request a second translation. The register-sender continues collecting and storing the incoming digits until a total of seven digits have been stored. At this point, the register-sender requests a second translation from the data processor.

For this call, the second translation is the final translation, the result of which will be the necessary instructions to switch the call through to its destination. The data processor initiates a request to the drum memory system for a look-up of the local directory number table (terminating lists) to provide the line equipment number of the called line and terminating class-of-service of the called line (including ringing code and special features). Grouping digits (selector outlet arrays) for the terminating junctors are obtained from a core-memory table look-up keyed on the terminating line matrix. The data processor also requests the drum memory system to determine the selector matrix inlet identity. This information is assembled in the dedicated call history table in the data processor core memory. Control is transferred to the terminating process phase. The digit analysis phase is complete.

The terminating process phase is the third (and final) major phase of the call processing function. Sufficient information is gathered to instruct the terminating marker to establish a path from the selector matrix inlet to either a terminating local line (this example) or a trunk group. This information plus control information (e.g. ringing code) is sent to the terminating marker.

On receipt of a response from the terminating marker, indicating its attempt to establish the connection was successful, the data processor instructs the register-sender to cut through the originating junctor and disconnect on local calls (or begin sending on trunk calls). The disconnect of the register-sender completes the data processor call processing function. The following paragraphs describe the three-way interworking of the data processor, terminating marker, and the register-sender as the data frame is sent to the terminating marker, the call is forwarded to the called party and terminated.

A check is made of the idle state of the data processor communication register, and a terminating marker. If both are idle, the data processor writes into register-sender core memory that this register junctor is working with a terminating marker. All routing information is then loaded into the communication register and sent to the terminating marker in a serial communication.

The register-sender now monitors the ST lead (not shown) to the network, awaiting a ground to be provided by the terminating marker.

The terminating marker decodes the line matrix specified for line termination, determines that the matrix is idle (no originating marker processing it) and assigns itself to the matrix. The terminating marker connects to the specified line and selector matrices by operating dedicated access correeds in the respective matrices. It then operates connect correeds accessing the selector inlet, selector AB and BC links, line AB and BC links, and the line equipment of the called line.

The marker checks the called line to see if it is idle. If it is idle, the marker continues its operations. These operations include the pulling and holding of a connection from the originating junctor to the called line via the selector matrix, a terminating junctor, and the line matrix. While controlling the path, the marker makes a series of checks to monitor the proper operation of the matrices, e.g., links are tested for busy, paths are pulled and checked for foreign potentials, and the complete path from selector inlet to line equipment is checked for continuity.

Upon receipt of the ground signal on the ST lead from the terminating marker, the register-sender returns a ground on the ST lead to hold the terminating path to the terminating junctor.

When the operation of the matrices has been verified by the marker, it releases then informs the data processor of the identity of the path and that the connection has been established. The data processor recognizes from the terminating class that no further extension of this call is required. It then addresses the register-sender core memory with instructions to switch the originating path through the originating junctor.

The register junctor signals the originating junctor to switch through and disconnects from the path, releasing the R matrix. The originating junctor remains held by the terminating junctor via the selector matrix. The register-sender clears its associated memory slot and releases itself from the call. The dedicated call history table (for that register) in the data processor core memory is returned to idle.

The calling party, now connected to the terminating junctor, loop seizes the battery-feed (BFI) correed. The terminating junctor splits the transmission path and connects ringing current to the called line and ring-back tone to the calling line. When the called party answers, a closed loop is detected by the ring-trip circuit of the terminating junctor, which removes ringing and ring-back tone from the line. The transmission path is completed and transmission battery is provided to both calling and called parties.

When the parties are through talking and hang up, the terminating junctor releases the terminating line matrix and the selector matrix. Release of the selector matrix releases the originating junctor which releases the originating line matrix. The cut-off correeds of both line circuits release, and the customer's line circuits are idled for future calls.

Local Line-to-Outgoing Trunk Call

The processing of a call originated by a local customer, but destined for a distant office, is handled the same as previously described for a "local-to-local" call up to the point where a three-digit translation has occurred. The digits are analyzed and it is determined that the call destination is not a local line. Operation from this point forward is described in subsequent paragraphs.

For this example, the call is originating from a rotary dial line. The customer is making a seven-digit EAS (extended area service) call requiring tandem switching through the connecting office. The connecting office is equipped for wink-start pulsing. The trunk to the connecting office is an E and M trunk requiring D.C. pulsing.

The data processor requests the drum memory system to access the drum to obtain routing tables from which the following information is obtained: (a) outgoing trunk group to the connecting office, (b) selector switching digits for use by the terminating marker, (c) codes for terminating marker selection or control of outgoing circuits, (d) signaling and sending modes used on this trunk group, and (e) alternate routing information.

The drum memory system also provides the originating junctor-selector inlet translation. The routing information and the class of the calling party allows the data processor to determine all register-sender instructions necessary to forward this call towards its destination.

The data processor writes the sending requirements into the register-sender core memory fields. These include the following information and instructions for this example: (a) early outpulsing of all digits received, (EOP field is set), (b) when seven digits are received, dialing is finished (TL field is set equal to 7), (c) close terminating loop in the register junctor, and (d) working with the terminating marker.

The network switching instruction is sent to the terminating marker via the communication register. The marker then makes various tests, selects a selector outlet, and completes a path thereto. When the marker recognizes that the path has been connected properly, it clears from the matrix and sends a message to the data processor indicating successful call completion, and the identity of the trunk that was used.

The data processor will place this information in the call history table and write into register-sender core memory that outpulsing may proceed when start signals have been received. When the distant office is prepared to receive digits, it will return an off-hook signal of approximately 150 milliseconds which the outgoing trunk converts to a ground on the S lead. This causes the stop dial (SD) relay in the register junctor to operate. At the end of the 150-millisecond period, the SD relay restores and outpulsing begins.

The register-sender will outpulse the digits accumulated at this point (early outpulsing) and will outpulse each additional digit as it is received from the customer (no digits are deleted or prefixed in this example). When seven digits have been accumulated and sent, the register-sender will signal the originating junctor to switch through.

The register junctor will release itself from the call, releasing the R matrix. The register-sender memory is cleared, and the call history table in the data processor is reset. The calling party now controls the outgoing trunk. When the called party served by the connecting office answers, they may begin to converse. The calling line is now connected to the connecting office via the line matrix, originating junctor, selector matrix, and outgoing trunk.

When the calling party disconnects, the outgoing trunk releases the selector matrix, releasing the originating junctor and line matrix. Release of the line cut-off correed idles the customer's line for future calls.

The outgoing trunk remains busy for a short time to insure release of the connecting office. It then returns to idle.

Incoming Trunk-to-Local Line Call

For purposes of explanation, it is assumed that a call has been placed by a customer served by a distant office, and the call is a locally-terminating EAS call. The signaling mode is dial pulse, and the trunk is arranged for loop seizure. It is further assumed that the local office has one central office code with less than 10,000 directory numbers, and the ABC digits of the called number have been absorbed by preceding equipment.

In this example, the local office arrangement includes both an office section and an incoming selector section. The incoming trunk is located on the incoming selector section. The call is terminating via the office section.

When the incoming trunk is seized from the distant end, the trunk-register matrix inlet lead is marked with resistance battery, denoting a call-for-service request.

An idle originating marker is assigned to this call. A scan of the inlet leads identifies the trunk calling for service. One register junctor is selected.

The calling trunk number identity (TNI) and the selected B outlet information are loaded into the marker communication register and sent to the data processor. The data processor enters the originating phase of the call processing function and executes a core translation of the data frame information which indicated the section, matrix, B unit, and B unit outlet selected. This translation yields the register junctor identity, which specifies the unique cell of storage in the core memories of both the register-sender and the data processor. Once the register junctor identity is known, the data frame is stored in the data processor's call history table (addressed by register junctor number).

The data processor also writes into the specified register-sender core memory location that the register should begin timing the arrival of pulsing over the line from the network.

While sending the TNI and path data to the data processor, the originating marker operates the path from the incoming trunk to the register junctor.

The incoming trunk loop, assisted by marker circuitry, seizes the A correed in the register junctor. Operation of the register junctor's A correed indicates a completed line loop to the register-sender common logic. Upon detection of the completed line loop, a hold is set in the register junctor. The marker, observing that the register junctor is busy and the network is holding, disconnects from the matrix.

Following the register junctor translation, the data processor performs a class-of-service translation as previously described for a local-to-local call. In the case of the incoming trunk call, the drum search is keyed on the trunk number identity (TNI). For a call now being processed, the class-of-service translation will indicate the mode of start signaling, mode of receiving, quantity and numerical value of previously absorbed digits, digit pattern to be expected, and the total number of digits to receive before requesting a final translation. These instructions are written into the register-sender core memory of the proper register junctor.

When the register-sender has accumulated a total of four digits, it requests the data processor to perform a translation. The data processor performs a memory core table look-up to determine grouping digits (selector outlet arrays) of intermediate junctors which connect the incoming selector and office sections. Note: An intermediate junctor is an interface device used between sections.

A check is made for an idle communication register and an idle terminating marker in the incoming selector section. When they are idle, the data processor writes into register-sender core memory that the register is working with the terminating marker.

Operation proceeds as previously described for a local-to-local call. The terminating marker, upon completing a path, returns a data transmission to the data processor indicating successful completion and the selected selector outlet of the incoming selector section. Control of the path is left to the register junctor.

The data processor performs a drum look-up to obtain the local selector section inlet identity of the intermediate junctor. If not previously performed, the data processor also performs a drum look-up of the terminating list to determine class-of-service and switching digits of the called line. To obtain the grouping digits of terminating junctors in the called matrix, the data processor executes a core table look-up. All the switching information is sent to a terminating marker in the office section.

The terminating marker processes the call as a normal local termination. The intermediate junctor appears as a register junctor to the terminating marker. When hold is returned to the selector by the terminating junctor, the intermediate junctor switches the supervisory lead through and the register junctor controls the entire path.

Switch-through of the incoming trunk is accomplished by the register-sender in the manner described for local calls, via originating junctors. When the called party answers, ground is returned from the terminating junctor to the incoming trunk via the S lead. The incoming trunk then returns answer supervision to the distant office.

DUPLICATED SYSTEM

FIG. 2 is a simplified block diagram showing in broad scope how subsystems are duplicated and how the system may be reconfigured. Reconfiguration is the removal of a malfunctioning subsystem. When a malfunction is detected and isolated the system must be reconfigured in order to continue normal call processing. Any single subsystem of a pair can be removed from call processing without seriously degrading service. Both subsystems of a pair must not be removed from call processing; since this would result in the system being out of service. The system can continue call processing with only one subsystem of each pair functioning.

Normally computer A and computer B operate in synchronism, and at particular intervals during each clock cycle which is related to the access of a word of memory, certain points of the systems are compared and the comparison is monitored by the third party circuit. The third party circuit contains logic enabling it to control the reconfiguration of the system, and to perform functions such as controlling one of the computers to analyze the other.

The register sender subsystems A and B in like manner are operated in synchronism and certain points of the systems compared during each cycle. Normally register sender A communicates with computer A and register sender B communicates with computer B. One of the computer-register sender combinations supplies output signals to other subsystems of the system. The system may be reconfigured so that either computer-register sender combination supplies the output signals, or for example computer A may communicate with register sender B to supply output signals or computer B may likewise work with register sender A.

The two computer subsystems A and B as a pair may work with either of the drum memory systems, or if one computer is out of service the other computer may work with either drum memory system. The computer and the drum memory system each access the main core memory via the computer memory control.

The originating markers A and B are arranged to process calls simultaneously, with the limitation that they cannot both be working with the same network matrix. They have an interlock arrangement such that any given call request will be serviced by only one of the originating markers. The terminating markers A and B are arranged so that only one may be serving calls at a time, but they are used alternately. There is also an interlock arrangement to prevent originating and terminating markers from accessing the matrices simultaneously. The communication registers A and B are arranged so that one of them is on line, for example, the communication register A, while the other is on standby. For example, when communication register A is on line communication register B is in standby. Both computers work with the communication register which is on line.

In like manner the input-output buffers A and B have one on line while the other is in standby, and both computers work with the one which is on line.

COMPUTER CENTRAL PROCESSOR

The common control apparatus of the switching system is shown in FIG. 3 in a block diagram which shows the duplication of units, and how they interface with the computer central processor CCP. The computer central processor is duplicated comprising units CCP-A and CCP-B. A computer third party CTP provides for maintenance and control functions, including coupling of the processors to a computer programming console PRC. The register-sender subsystem in a maximum configuration comprises two duplicated register-sender units, namely register-sender unit RS1A and its duplicate RS1-B, and unit RS2A and its duplicate RS2B.

The apparatus in FIG. 3 other than the register-sender subsystems and the console PRC comprise the data processor unit DPU.

Each of the computer central processors has its own core memory and computer memory control, for example core memory CMM-A and memory control CMC-A for the computer central processor CCP-A, and the duplicate units CMM-B and CMC-B for processor CCP-B. There is also a drum memory system with up to six units in the maximum configuration. The computer memory control has eight ports for each of the duplicate units. The computer memory control CMC-A uses ports 1, 3 and 5 principally for access to the drum memory systems 1, 3 and 5 and may also use ports 2, 4 and 6 for access to the drum memory systems 2, 4 and 6; while the memory control unit CMC-B uses ports 2, 4 and 6 for principal access to the drum memory systems 2, 4 and 6 and may also use ports 1, 3 and 5 for access to the drum memory system 1, 3 and 5. Each of the memory controls uses port 7 for access to its own computer central processor, and may use port 8 for access to the other processor. The memory control unit controls the transfer of data between the main core memory CMM and one of the ports for transfer to a drum memory or the central processor.

The computer line processors provide for processing of interrupts from other units in the data processing unit, the register-sender subsystem, and the markers. This unit is duplicated with computer line processor CLP-A coupled to the computer central processor CCP-A and the computer line processor CLP-B coupled to the computer central processor CCP-B, with interconnections between the two computer line processors.

The computer channel multiplex unit CCX-A connected to the computer central processor CCP-A, and unit CCX-B to unit CCP-B provides for input-output functions with various device buffers and the communication registers. The communication register comprising duplicated units CCR-A and CCR-B provides for communication with the markers as shown in FIG. 1. The channel device buffer CDB-A and its duplicate CDB-B provides for input-output to a local maintenance teletype-writer, a high speed paper tape punch, and a data set for remote teletypewriters; while its duplicate CDB-B provides for input-output to a local office administration teletypewriter and a high speed paper tape reader. The ticketing device buffer TDB-A and its duplicate TDB-B (not shown in FIG. 2) provide for coupling to a magnetic tape unit and scanner. The maintenance device buffer MDB-A and its duplicate MDB-B provide for input-output from a pushbutton control panel and displays, power monitors and alarms, and maintenance routine logic.

The registers shown in FIG. 3A are used primarily for arithmetic operations and address modification.

The A register, the main arithmetic accumulator, is a 24-bit register used in data transfer between the central processor and the register-sender, and between the central processor and the channel multiplexer via the data bus, as well as for all arithmetic operations. The A register can be shifted both logically and arithmetically.

The arithmetical operations are performed by the arithmetic logic unit ALU in conjunction with the A, Q, S and Y registers.

The Q register is a 24-bit register used in conjunction with the A register for shift and rotate operations. It is also used as an auxiliary arithmetic register for multiply and divide operations. It is used to hold the multiplier and the lower order bits of the product in a multiply process. For division, it is used for the low order bits of the divident. It accumulates the quotient and finally holds the resultant remainder.

The S register is a 24-bit register used during arithmetic operations and during address modification when placing a main memory address on the address bus.

The Y register is a 24-bit register used during arithmetic and logical operations. It is one of the inputs to the arithmetic logic unit ALU. It cannot be accessed by the program.

The instruction register IR is a 24-bit register that receives all instructions (coded information for the operation to be performed, address field, and the method of addressing) from the main memory via the computer memory control and the data bus.

The three index registers X1, X2 and X3 are 15-bit registers used for address modification, and as a counter.

The page register PR is a 6-bit register used to specify bits 15 and 16 of the address bus. It operates in conjunction with the program counter to address a location within a memory page. The page register is made up of three sections: the "instruction field" (bits .phi. and 1), the "branch field" (bits 2 and 3), and the "data field" (bits 4 and 5).

The last program count register LPC is a 15-bit register used to store return linkage to the running program during processing. It is continually updated by the program counter.

The last page reference register LPR is a 4-bit reigster used as an extension of the last program count register. It is continually updated by the page register. The last page reference register is made up of two sections: the "last instruction field" (bits .phi. and 1), and the "last data field" (bits 2 and 3). The "last data field" is loaded from the "data field" of the page register. The "last instruction field" is loaded from the "instruction field" of the page register.

The central processor includes a program counter and a shift counter.

The program counter PC is a 15-bit binary counter used to sequentially count the address of instructions. The program counter holds the address within a page of the next instruction to be retrieved from core memory. It is used with the page register to locate this address. This counter is incremented (increased by one) for each instruction to establish program sequence.

The shift counter SC is a 6-bit counter used to control the number of shifts during shifting operations.

SYMBOLISM FOR GATES, BISTABLE DEVICES AND EQUATIONS

The common logic circuits of the system are generally implemented with integrated circuits, mostly in the form of NAND gates, although some other forms are also used. The showing of the logic in the drawings is simplified by using gate symbols for AND and OR functions, the AND function being indicated by a line across the gate parallel to the input base line, and the OR function being indicated by a diagonal line across the gate. Inversion is indicated by a small circle on either an input or an output lead. The gates are shown as having any number of inputs and outputs, but in actual implementation these would be limited by loading requirements well known in the art. Latches are indicated in the drawing by square functional blocks with inputs designated S and R for set and reset respectively; the circuits being in practice implemented generally by two NAND gates with the output of each connected to an input of the other, which makes the circuit a bistable storage device. The block symbol for the latch implies inverters at the inputs so that it is set and reset with signals at the "one" level. The logic also uses bistable devices in the form of JK flip-flops implemented with integrated circuits, indicated in the drawings by rectangles having the J and K inputs indicated by a small semicircle, a clock input indicated by C, and set and reset inputs indicated by S and R. Not all of the inputs for these devices are shown in the drawings. The J and K inputs are each actually AND gates having three external inputs, but the unused inputs which are actually terminated in some manner are not shown on the drawings. The S and R inputs are effective at the zero level, the J and K inputs at the one level, and the C input on a trailing edge.

While some discrete transistor circuits are used for interfacing with relay circuits, most of the electronic circuits of the system of FIG. 2 are implemented with integrated circuits of the Sylvania SUHL TTL high level logic family or equivalents. The NAND gates used to implement AND and OR functions include types SG 43, SG 63, SG 132, and SG 143. The AND-OR functions are also implemented with chips having AND gates feeding a NOR gate such as types SG 53 and SG 113. JK flip-flops may be type SF 53.

Boolean expressions are used to designate signal leads in the drawings, and in equations and miscellaneous references in the specification. In the expressions for basic Boolean elements, capital letters, numbers, spaces and hyphens are used. The expressions for elements may also include parentheses enclosing two numbers separated by a hyphen, indicating the first and last of a group of bit positions of gates enabled by a control signal. For example the expression IR(.phi. - 5) - DSO is a single Boolean element. In combinations of elements, the period (.) is used for the AND function, the plus sign (+) for the OR function, and the apostrophe (') for negation. In a string of elements separated by periods and plus signs without parentheses or brackets, the AND operations are performed first and then the OR functions; for example A + B.C + D is the same as A + (B.C) + D. Parentheses and brackets are used in the usual manner indicating operations in inner parentheses are performed first, then those in outer parentheses or brackets, etc. On the drawings the minus sign (-) at the beginning of an expression indicates negation of the entire expression following it, and not merely the first element if there is more than one. The period may be omitted before or after parentheses which implies the AND function; but it cannot otherwise be omitted between elements, since a space can occur within an element.

In the equations, storage devices are indicated by using separate equations for the various inputs. For simple NAND gate type latches the set and reset inputs are indicated by (S) and (R). For JK flip-flops the inputs are indicated by (J), (K), (C), (S)' and (R)'. The apostrophe for the set and reset inputs indicates that the zero level is effective, namely the negation of the expression after the equal sign (=). The trailing edge of the entire expression is effective for the clock input. The combination of the three leads for J and K inputs is indicated by a single equation.

Throughout the description and drawings, it is implied that all circuits and signals relate to unit A of duplicated units, unless specifically indicated by a suffix -A or -1 for unit A, or a suffix -B or -2 for unit B.

TIMING FOR THE COMPUTER CENTRAL PROCESSOR

The timing generator CPT is shown in part in FIG. 4. There are additional control circuits not shown which will be described by Boolean equations.

The timing generator is designed to provide the timing increments upon which the instruction set of the central processor is structured. The basic timing intervals are the cycle which is two microseconds long, the level which is 500 nanoseconds long, and the pulse which is 100 nanoseconds long.

The timing is dependent upon a source providing a constant train of pulses at a 10 megahertz rate with a duty cycle of approximately 50 percent. This is provided by clock circuits which are a part of the third party circuit CTP. There is provided a main clock having its output train of pulses on lead MOA and a standby clock having its output train of pulses on a lead SOA. The third party circuit includes logic for monitoring the outputs of the clocks and insuring that one and only one of them is supplying output at all times. The two output leads are connected to the timing generators of both of the duplicate computer central processors CCP-A and CCP-B. FIG. 4 is the timing generator CPT of the processor CCP-A. Logic represented by exclusive OR gate 411 gates the train of pulses from whichever of the leads MOA or SOA they are occurring and supplies them to other logic circuits of the timing generator as the basic clock control.

The timing generator includes three main storage devices that are continually pulsed by the clock train from gate 411. These storage devices are required to permit an orderly shutdown of the timing generator, as well as an orderly processing during operation of the timing generator. These storage devices comprise JK flip-flops START CLK, CLK and SYNC. The clock inputs C of all three are connected to the output of gate 411. The two outputs of flip-flop START CLK feed respectively into the J and K inputs of flip-flop CLK. The purpose of flip-flop CLK is to prime flip-flop SYNC, to prime the basic timing pulse TCP and to prime the data bus and address bus of the computer central processor. The function of the flip-flop SYNC is to act as a primer for the basic timing pulse TCP, and as such is controlled by feedback from the main memory system by the register-sender memory system.

The basic timing pulses on lead TCP are normally supplied from one of the AND gates 413 or 414, but may also be supplied via the lead PULSE from the third party circuit. These three sources are gated via OR gate 415 to the lead TCP. The train of clock pulses from gate 411 is supplied as an input to both gates 413 and 414 as well as the three flip-flops previously mentioned. If the two processors are operating in a synchronization a signal on lead CYSYNC enables gate 414, whereas if the processors are not operating in synchronization the zero level signal on this lead via inverter 412 enables gate 413. If the processors are not in synchronization the coincidence of signals from flip-flops CLK and SYNC along with the signal from gate 412 enables gate 413 to gate the clock pulses via gate 415 to lead TCP; whereas if the processors are operating in synchronization it is required in addition that the duplicated processor have its synchronization flip-flop set to supply a signal on lead SYNC B, enabling gate 414 to supply the pulses via gate 415 to lead TCP.

The pulse counter shown as a single block 416 comprises five JK flip-flops, not shown, whose outputs are respectively P1 through P5. These five flip-flops are connected as a ring counter with the one and zero outputs of each connected respectively to the J and K inputs of the following flip-flop, the P5 outputs being connected to the P1 inputs; and the clock inputs are supplied from lead TCP for all five flip-flops. The counter is advanced on the trailing edge of each clock pulse, thus the outputs appear for 100 nanoseconds on each of the output leads in turn.

The level counter comprises four JK flip-flops L1 through L4. The clock inputs of these four flip-flops are supplied from lead P5, so that the level counter may advance once each 500 nanoseconds on the trailing edge of pulse P5. The output of a gate 450 is connected to the J and K inputs of flip-flops L1 and L2, while the output of a gate 460 is connected to the J and K inputs of flip-flops L3 and L4. In addition flip-flop L1 has another J input from L4, and the flip-flops L2, L3 and L4 have J inputs from leads SET L2, SET L3 and SET L4 respectively.

The cycle counter comprises JK flip-flops C1, C2 and C3. The lead L4 is connected to the clock as well as the J and K inputs of all three of these flip-flops so that the cycle counter may be advanced once each two microseconds on the trailing edge of the pulse on lead L4. In addition the flip-flops have J inputs connected respectively to leads GOC1, GOC2 and GOC3, and a K input of flip-flop C1 is connected to lead GOC2, a K input of flip-flop C2 is connected to an OR gate having inputs from leads GOC1 and GOC3, and a K input of flip-flop C3 is connected to lead GOC1. The signal on lead -CLR is used to set flip-flops P5, L4 and C3 and to reset the other flip-flops.

There are a number of JK flip-flops not shown which are a part of the timing generator, that are combinations of cycles, levels and pulses. It is necessary to supply these signals from storage devices, because if they were implemented with AND gates providing AND and OR functions their outputs would not be stable during the intended interval. Unless otherwise stated the clock inputs for these flip-flops are from lead TCP. The first has J inputs from leads L1, P2, and a lead -C2(MUL + DIV); and K inputs from leads L2 and P5; and provides an output L1(P3 + P4 + P5) + L2. The next flip-flop has J inputs from leads -C2(MUL + DIV), P4 and L2, and K inputs from leads P5 and the output of a gate providing the function (L3 + L4); and has an output providing the function (L2.P5 + L3). The next flip-flop has J inputs from leads L1, P4 and the lead -C2(MUL + DIV), and K inputs from leads (L3 + L4) and P1; and provides the output function (L1.P5 + L2 + L3.L1). The next flip-flop has J inputs from leads (L3 + L4, P3) and -C2(MUL + DIV), and J inputs from leads L4 and P5; providing an output L3(P4 + P5) the next flip-flop has a clock input from lead P4 so that it changes state on the trailing edge of pulse interval P4, a J input from lead L1, and a K input from lead L4; providing the output function (L2 + L3). The next flip-flop has a clock input from lead P5, a J input from lead L2, providing the output function (L1 + L2). The last flip-flop has a J input from lead P2 and a K input from lead P5; providing the output function (P3 + P4 + P5).

The length of instructions for the time required to process an instruction can vary with the type of instructions. Some instructions require only one cycle to process while others require two cycles. One instruction and traps require three cycles. Certain instructions although only two cycles circulate within a cycle as in shift instructions. Because of these differences controls are provided that allow the timing generator to go from cycle 1 to cycle 2 to cycle 3; or to set level 2, or to set level 3 or set level 4. Since some instructions require the contents of memory and cannot continue processing until the memory has retrieved the contents, or some instructions write into memory, and cannot continue until the write function is complete, a wait control is implemented to reset the flip-flop SYNC which in turn suspends the timing generator from proceeding until a feedback is received from memory. The feedback signals from the main memory via memory control include DAP7 and DLP7 designating respectively data available and data loaded at port 7; while the feedback signals from the register-sender subsystem are RSDAL and RSDLL for data available and data loaded respectively. The timing generator control logic is given by the following equations.

______________________________________ GOC1 =DAP7[IR23+PC-ASO(C2'+ZELO1')+XEC] +PREGOC1 GOC2 =C24INST.C1.L4.DAP7 +C1.L4.DAP7.C23INST.CCA'.SMP'.BSP'. (PRA+CPD.TSTCPD)' +(BSP+STC).MMDLL +C1.(CCA+SMP) +C1.(DIV+TRAP) +RSDAL.(PRA+CPD.TSTCPD) GOC3 =(DIV+ZELO1).C2.L4 RS DLL =RSSEL'.CRS1.RS1DLL +RSSEL.CRS2.RS2DLL +RSSEL'.CRS1'.RS1DLL +RSSEL.CRS2'.RS2DLL RS DAL =RSSEL'.CRS1.RS1DAL +RSSEL'.CRS1'.RS1DAL +RSSEL.CRS2.RS2DAL +RSSEL.CRS2'.RS2DAL SET L2 =C2.L3.MUL.SC3.phi.'(MODE.Q.phi.'+MODE'.Q.phi.)+ C2.L3.DIV.SC31'+L1(C2'+Q.phi.+MUL') SET L3 =C1.L1.MUL.Q.phi.'+L2(C1'+(SMP'+A23')(ENDCT'+ (CCA+SFTA+SFTL)') SET L4 =L3(C2'+SC3.phi.)(C2'+DIV1+SC31)+C1.L2 (SMP.A23+ENDCNT(CCA+SFTA+SFTL) START =TP POWER ON(RUN+INC+STEP+EXP B)+TP INC+ TP STEP+TP RUN STP CLK =P3(INC+TP INC)+P3.PC-ASO.L4.((TP POWER ON) (STEP+ADDRESS MATCH+EXPB)+HLT+TP STEP) WAIT STATE =C1.(STX+STA+STQ).MMDLL' +L3' +C1.PAR.RSDLL' +C2.MMDLL'(ADM+AOM+XAM+RPA+SOM) ______________________________________

BUS SOURCES

The data bus sources for the bit in position .phi. is shown in FIG. 5, while the sources for all bit positions are shown in FIG. 6. For each bit position of each source there is a two input AND gate with one input being the signal source for that bit position and the other input being an enabling control signal. For example AND gate 501 has a signal source lead DB.phi. and an enabling control signal lead LATCH DB. In each bit position the outputs of all these AND gates are combined through OR gate circuitry to the single bit position lead for the bus. FIG. 5 shows some of the sources combined by OR gate 530 to lead DBA.phi. and other sources combined through OR gate 531 to lead DBB.phi.. The outputs of these two OR gates and the other AND gates are combined by circuits represented by the symbol 540 to lead DB.phi.. Symbol 540 in actual practice of course comprises a plurality of gates combined to provide the OR function. To show signal sources received from other subsystems on different frames via cables, cable receivers such as 521 are shown in FIG. 5, with the subsystem designated by a mnemonic preceding a bracket. For example the signal on lead DRP7-0 is received from the computer memory control unit CMC. Signals received from the B units of the two register sender subsystems are received via cable receivers of unit CCP-B and supplied to both units CCP-A and CCP-B. Similarly the signals received from the A units of the register sender subsystems following the cable receivers of unit CCP-A are supplied to both the A and B units of the computer central processor CCP.

In FIG. 6 and in several of the other figures, rectangular blocks designated AND are used to represent a set of AND gates having signal sources from the respective bit positions and a common enabling signal; and blocks designated OR are used to represent the set of OR logic for the several bit positions combining signals from the AND blocks. The arrangement of the gates within these blocks is shown at the bottom of FIG. 11 with block 1150 representing an AND block and 1170 representing an OR block. In some cases the bit positions are subdivided into groups with different enabling signals; for example in the block 604 the control signal A(.phi. - 5) - DSO enables bit positions .phi. - 5, the control signal A(6 - 7) - DSO enables the gates for bit positions 6 and 7, etc. The signal source leads for block 604 are all from the A register; but in some cases the signal sources for different bit positions will be from different registers or other sources. For example in block 607 the control lead SC-DSO enables bit positions .phi.-13 to gate the signals from bit position .phi.-5 from the shift counter SC with ones into bit positions 6-13, while the signal on lead PC-DSO enables bit positions 12-21 to gate a 0 into bit position 14, the signals from the page register PR in the bit positions 15-20, and a 0 into bit position 21. In bit positions 22 and 23 both the enable signal and the source leads are 0's so that the output from these positions is always 0. The signal ONES is derived from an electronic ground via an inverter. For 0's electronic ground is used directly. The OR gating corresponding to block 540 in FIG. 5 is represented in FIG. 6 by OR blocks 637, 638 and 639 feeding OR block 640 for convenience. The OR function gating corresponding to gates 530 and 531 is shown in FIG. 7 by blocks 730 and 731 respectively. The block 730 has only 15 bit positions for sources from the index registers and program counter which likewise have only 15 bit positions. The other signals for leads DBA15-DBA23 are derived from OR gates having four inputs each from control pulse directive CPD sources except that the last input of the gate for bit position DBA23 is the signal C STROBE.

As shown by AND gate 501 which is a part of the AND logic 601, the Data Bus leads DB-.phi. to DB-23 are connected back as input data sources. These AND gates are enabled by the signal LATCH DB, so that any ones appearing on the data bus are latched as long as the signal LATCH DB is true. However, it is possible to enable another source to gate additional 1's onto the data bus.

The sources for the address bus AB are shown in FIG. 8 with the actual logic for bit .phi., and in FIG. 9 for fifteen bit positions via the OR logic 940 plus two additional bit positions from the page register. Latching of the address bus is provided via AND logic 901 with bits AB.phi. to AB14 as sources enabled by the signal LATCH AB. This latter signal is provided by a latch which is shown along with its setting and resetting logic.

The program counter is used as a source when the enabling signal GPC-ASO is true, and the S register is used as a source when the enabling signal S-ASO is true.

For interrupts the AND logic 904 is enabled by signal IA-ASO. Four of the five octal digits for the address source are provided by hardwired inputs so that the address is 7371X, where the value of X is determined by the three inputs 1A0, 1A1 and 1A2 which are received from the computer line processor CLP. For traps the address is provided by AND logic 905 enabled by a signal TA-ASO to provide a wired address 737.phi.X, where the value of X depends on signals TA0 and TA1 derived from the computer third party CPT.

The paging bits of the address are supplied via OR gates 906 and 907 for bit positions AB15 and AB16 respectively, with the logic providing inputs from the page register as shown.

REGISTERS OF THE COMPUTER CENTRAL PROCESSOR

The registers shown in the block diagram of FIG. 1 are shown in more detail in FIGS. 10-15.

The instruction register IR comprises 24 storage devices in the form of latches. Each of the latches comprises an integrated circuit chip comprising two four-input AND gates such as 1011 and 1012 feeding a NOR gate such as 1013. The output from gate 1013 via an inverter 1014 supplies the output signal IR.phi., while the output from gate 1013 is the negative signal -IR.phi.. Both the true and inverted signals may be taken from each of the latches. The instruction register is loaded from the data bus bits DB.phi.-DB23. The load signal to the latches is supplied in inverted form shown as an input to the latches for positions IR.phi.-IR11 as -LOAD. The loading of these latches depends on a time delay achieved in the inverters such as 1010. For example when the signal LOAD becomes true (-LOAD false) then via inverter 1010 the upper input of AND gate 1012 is enabled and if the source signal DB.phi. is also true then the output of the latch becomes true. This output is fed back to the upper input of AND gate 1011. When LOAD goes false (-LOAD true) then gate 1011 is enabled to maintain the latch

TABLE A __________________________________________________________________________ OP00 -- OP20 ADX OP40 ADD OP60 PRA 01 ADI 21 SBX 41 SUB 61 PAR 02 SBI 22 CAX 42 MUL 62 BSP 03 HWL 23 CSX 43 DIV 63 -- 04 HWS 24 IBP 44 AOM 64 LDQ 05 SEL 25 IBN 45 SOM 65 STQ 06 LSGA 26 STX 46 ADM 66 LPR 07 SSNT 27 -- 47 XEC 67 HLT 10 RTN 30 BPX 50 ANA 70 SMNT 11 BUN 31 BNX 51 ORA 71 SMNZ 12 SFTL 32 BZX 52 ERA 72 SANE 13 BZA 33 CCA 53 XAM 73 SANG 14 BNA 34 SFTA 54 LDA 74 LDC 15 BPA 35 BAO 55 STA 75 STC 16 BRR 36 RTR 56 CSA 76 SAMQ 17 CPD 37 MIS 57 RPA 77 SMNN __________________________________________________________________________

set before the upper input of gate 1012 becomes false. The signal on lead -CLR is normally true, and when it goes false it clears all of the latches to zero. The LOAD IR logic is shown in simplified form within block 1000. During normal operation the AND gate 1001 is enabled in response to the condition C1.L1.P3, which normally is the necessary condition for loading all bit positions. The loading of bit positions IR12, IR13 and IR14 may be inhibited at gate 1002 by the signal EXT OP PROTECT, the loading of bit positions IR15-IR2.phi. may be inhibited at gate 1003 by the signal INOP, and the loading of bit positions IR21 and IR22 may be inhibited at gate 1004 by the signal INX. All bit positions may alternatively be loaded by the third party signal TP LOAD IR. FIG. 10 also shows the OP code decoder 1020 for the instruction set, and a control pulse directive decoder 1030. The control pulse directive decoder 1030 is enabled by the signal on lead C STROBE which is true in response to the condition CPD.L3. It decodes the value of the control pulse directive from the six bit positions IR9-IR14 which provide the output octal codes .phi..phi. to 77. These outputs are supplied to the data bus as shown in FIG. 7, and also to the various subsystems to which they apply.

The outputs of the OP Code decoder 1020 represent the decoding of the six instruction register bits IR2.phi.-IR15 along with the signal INHIBIT'. The six IR bits are expressed as two octal digits. For example ADM = OP46 = IR20.IR19'.IR18'. IR17.IR16.IR15'.INHIBIT. The full decoding is shown in Table A. Note that codes OP.phi..phi., OP27 and OP63 are invalid codes which via an OR function gating provide the signal IOP.

The Y register shown at the top of FIG. 11 comprises 24 latches similar to those used in the instruction output from all of the odd positions is in true form while that from even positions is an inverted form. With this arrangement the carry is propogated through all of the bit positions via only the single integrated circuit chip for each position, thus minimizing the propogation time.

When the signal ARITH is true the output is the sum of the contents of the Y register and data bus. When the signal EXO is true the output is the exclusive OR function of the Y register and data bus. When the signal on lead AND is true the output is the AND function of the Y register and data bus. To provide the OR function the signals on leads AND and EXO are supplied simultaneously. To provide the subtract function with 2's complement arithmetic the signals on lead INVERT and the carry input on lead C.phi. are provided. To simply invert a number in 2's complement form it is supplied into the Y register, with the data bus all zeros, and the signals INVERT and C.phi. are provided.

The A register and Q register are shown in FIG. 13. These registers each comprise twenty-four JK flip-flops. These registers are loaded by supplying a load signal to the clock inputs and supplying the data to be loaded to the J inputs and inverted to the K inputs. The clock input for the Q register is LOAD Q, while for the A register the flip-flops are divided into four groups with separate load signals to the clock inputs as shown. Both registers may be set to all zeros by a signal on lead -CLR at zero level. Register A may be loaded from the arithmetic logic unit bits AD.phi.-AD23 with an enabling signal ADA, may be the sink for the data bus bits DB0-DB23 with the enabling signal A-DSK, may be loaded from its own output shifted one bit position to the right and register. This register is also loaded from the data bus bit positions DB.phi.-DB23 in response to an LOAD Y signal. The S register shown at the bottom of FIG. 11 also comprises twenty-four latches similar to those of the IR register, except that the AND gates have only two inputs. This register may be loaded from either the data bus or the arithmetic logic unit in response to a signal LOAD S. It is loaded from the data bus via AND logic 1150 when the signal on lead S-DSK is true indicating that the S register is the data sink. It is loaded from the arithmetic logic unit bits AD.phi.-AD23 via AND logic 1160 in response to an enabling signal on lead ADS, which is true whenever the signal on lead S-DSK is false. The bit positions 15-23 are inhibited when the signal on lead XH is true to prevent loading from bits AD15-AD23. The outputs from the AND logic 1150 and 1160 are passed through OR logic 1170 to the data inputs of the S register. The arrangement of the gates within the blocks 1150, 1160 and 1170 is shown here, whereas in other figures only the blocks are shown to represent the same form of logic.

The arithmetic logic unit ALU is shown in FIG. 12. This is a 24 bit parallel adder. The circuit for bit positions AD1 and AD2 is shown in detail. The data inputs to the register are from the Y register and the data bus, and the output on leads AD.phi.-AD23 is the result of the arithmetic operation. A feature of the adder is that the carry output from each bit position is from an integrated circuit chip which as shown for bit position AD1 comprises a two-input AND gates 1201, 1202 and 1203 feeding an NOR gate 1204. The chip actually contains four AND gates but one of them has its inputs connected to ground. The arrangement is such that the carry supplying the signal A23IN for the twenty-third bit with an enabling signal STR, and may be loaded from itself shifted one bit to the left and supplying the signal A.phi.IN for bit position zero with an enabling signal STL. Similarly the Q register may act as a data sink for the data bus with an enabling signal Q-DSK, may be loaded from itself shifted one bit position right and a signal Q23IN in the twenty-third bit position with an enabling signal STR, and may be loaded from itself shifted one bit position left with a signal Q.phi.IN in bit position zero with an enabling signal STL. The flip-flop Q.phi. may also be set by a zero level signal on lead -Q.phi.(S).

The program counter PC and last program count register LPC are shown in FIG. 14. The program counter PC comprises fifteen JK flip-flops connected as a binary counter, advancing one count each time a trailing edge of a pulse appears on lead COUNT PC connected to the clock inputs. The counter may also be loaded from the data bus in response to a signal on lead LOAD PC, the loading being effective via the asynchronous inputs S and R. The counter may also be cleared by a zero level signal on lead -CLR to the second reset input of each flip-flop. The first seven flip-flops and the last one have been shown in order to illustrate the binary counting logic at the J and K inputs. The logic is arranged in groups of three flip-flops which with each having an AND gate supplying J and K inputs of all three, for example gate 1423 supplies J and K inputs of flip-flops PC3, PC4 and PC5 with the inputs of gate 1423 being from the preceding three flip-flops PC/, PC1 and PC2, and one input from the AND gate of the preceding three flip-flops. The second flip-flop of each group, for example flip-flop PC4 also has J and K inputs from the preceding flip-flop, namely, PC3, while the third flip-flop of each group such as PC5 has J and K inputs from both of the other flip-flops, namely PC3 and PC4. The output of gate 1423 is then supplied as an input to gate 1426 for the next group of three, etc. For the first group of three instead of an AND gate an inverter 1420 with input from ground is substituted.

The last program count register comprises fifteen latches of the type each comprising two NAND gates. AND gates are provided to load the output of the program counter PC into the last program count register LPC in response to a signal on lead LOAD LPC.

The three index registers X1, X2 and X3 shown in FIG. 15 each comprise fifteen latches similar to those used in the instruction register and Y register. Each of these registers may be loaded in response to each individual load command from the fifteen low order bits of the data bus.

The shift counter SC shown at the bottom of FIG. 15 is a six-bit counter with JK flip-flops generally similar to the program counter PC. The count is advanced once upon each occurrence of a trailing edge on lead COUNT SC. The counter may be loaded via AND logic from the inverted six low order bits of the data bus in response to the command LOAD SC. The output of the counter is decoded for certain values as shown, SC = 0 for the state in which all the flip-flops are set to zero, SC27, SC30 and SC31 for corresponding octal values, and ENDCT for the octal value 77.

CONTROL LOGIC FOR THE COMPUTER CENTRAL PROCESSOR

The control unit logic block CPC in FIG. 1 represents the logic for supplying the control signals for transferring data and address information among the registers and buses. The definitions of the various signals, and the Boolean equations follow.

__________________________________________________________________________ Definitions ACKN ACKNOWLEDGED RECEIPT OF DATA FROM I/O ADA = OUTPUT OF ADDER TO RA ADD1 INDICATION THAT A CORRECTIVE ADDITION OF ONE MUST TACKED ON TO THE QUOTIENT ADZ = OUTPUT OF ADDER EQUALS ALL ZEROS. AND = LOGICAL AND A-DSO = REGISTER "A" AS A DATA SOURCE A23IN = DATA INTO BIT 23 OF REG.A BCHI = A STORED BRANCH INDICATOR BDIS PRCF BUTTON DISPLAY ENABLE C STROBE SIGNAL USED TO STROBE DATA BUS DURING CPD CAR (S) = CARRY,OUT OF BIT 23 OF ADDER,STORED CCX-DSO = CHANNEL MULTIPLEX AS A DATA SOURCE CLR = CLEARS TO AN INITIAL STATE THE FOLLOWING: RA,RO,Y,IR,X1,X2,X3,PC.SC,TP TRAP, START CLK,CLK,SYNC,MMREAD,MMWRITE LOCKOUT, CARRY,OVF,EVEN PARITY TEST STORAGE,LATCH AB, TST CPD,WMPB,PCINH,RSSEL,TRAP DISABLE, XH,LOAD LPC INHIBIT,BRH,INST,SW TO STDBY RT CLK,QZ,MADD,ADDI,INX,INTIN,INOP,SREJECT, 6 C.phi. = CARRY INTO BIT 0 OF ADDER COUNT SC COUNT SHIFT COUNTER CRS1 SELECT REGISTER SENDER 1 UNIT A WHEN SET, AND RS 1 UNIT 1B WHEN RESET C13 INST = INDICATES AN INSTRUCTION THAT ACCESS MEMORY DURING CYCLE 1 LEVEL 3 C23 INST = INDICATES AN INSTRUCTION THAT ACCESS MEMORY DURING CYCLE 2 LEVEL 3 DEPE = DATA EVEN PARITY ERROR DIVZ INDICATES A DIVISION BY ZERO DSTROBE DATA STOBE TO CCX DS-DSO = PRCF DATA SWITCH REGISTER AS A DATA SOURCE ENWD = ENABLE WATCHDOG TIMER EXO = EXCLUSIVE"OR" IEPE = INSTRUCTION EVEN PARITY ERROR INHIBIT = INHIBIT OF OP CODE INVERT = INVERTS THE OUTPUT OF Y REG. 1'S COMPL. INOP INHIBITS LOADING OF OPERATION FIELD IN IR INVOP ERROR INDICATING AN INVALID OP CODE INX INDICATION OF A NON INDEXABLE INSTRUCTION IRL-DSO = INSTRUCTION REG BITS(12-23) AS A DATA SOURCE IS SYNC SYNC PULSE SENT TO THE CLP LATCH AB = LATCH ADDRESS BUS LBF LOAD BRANCH FIELD OF PAGE REGISTER LDF LOAD DATA FIELD OF PAGE REGISTER LOAD AL LOAD RA BITS 12-23 LOAD AR LOAD RA BITS 0-11 LOAD LPC LOAD LAST PROGRAM COUNT REGISTER LOAD SC = LOAD SHIFT COUNTER LPC-DSO = LAST PROGRAM COUNT AS DATA SOURCE MADD INDICATES THAT AN ADDITION PROCESS DURING MULTIPLICATION MODE INDICATES SUCCESSIONS OF '1'S"OR"0"S"IN MUL OFV = OVERFLOW PBRM PROTECT BIT OF REFERENCED MEMORY PCINH INHIBITS COUNTING OF PROGRAM COUNTER PC = PROGRAM COUNTER PC-DSO = PROGRAM COUNTER AS A DATA SOURCE PEP7 = PORT 7 ERROR THAT INDICATES AN ERROR HAS OCCURRED IN THE COMPUTER MEMORY CONTROL CIRCUIT RELATIVE TO PORT 7 WHICH IS ASSIGNED TO THE CENTRAL PROCESSOR. THE ERROR IS CAUSED WHEN THE CCP ADDRESSES A LOCATION OUTSIDE THE RANGE OF MEMORY, OR WHEN THE CCP ATTEMPS TO WRITE INTO READ ONLY MEMORY QOIN = DATA INTO BIT O OF RQ Q23IN = DATA INPUT TO REG.Q BIT 23 DURING A SHIFT REI = RESET ERROR INDICATORS RS1B-DSO = REGISTER SENDER 1 UNIT B AS DATA SOURCE RS1A-DSO = REGISTER SENDER 1 UNIT A AS DATA SOURCE RS2A-DSO = REGISTER SENDER 2 UNIT A AS DATA SOURCE RSSEL SELECTS REGISTER SENDER 2 WHEN SET AND REGISTER SENDER 1 WHEN RESET AS A SINK RST MEM REQ RESETS A MEMORY REQUEST FROM THIRD PARTY RWD = RESET WATCHDOG TIMER SC(R) = RESET SHIFT COUNTER SC-DSO = SHIFT COUNTER AS A DATA SOURCE SET L2 SET LEVEL 2 SG-DSO = SENSE GROUP AS A DATA SOURCE SKIP ON SANG = A LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO EA. SANG SMP = SHIFT AND MARK POSITION INSTRUCTION SREJECT = STORED REJECT INDICATING A REJECTION OF AN ARITHMETIC PROCESS DURING DIV. START START THE TIMING GENERATOR STP CLK STOP THE TIMING GENERATOR STR = SHIFT RIGHT GATING SW TO STDBY RT = SWITCH TO STANDBY REAL TIME CLOCK S(0-14)-DSO = REGISTER S BITS 0 THRU 14 AS A DATA SOURCE TID TRANSFER INSTRUCTION FIELD TO DATA FIELD TOVF = TEMPORARY OVERFLOW OF PARTIAL PRODUCTS DURING MULTIPLICATION. TP DSTROBE DATA STROBE TO THIRD PARTY TST CPD A MAINTENANCE SIGNAL THAT ALLOWS A CHECK FOR A LATENT FAULT ON THE INPUT TO THE CPD DECODE CIRCUIT WMPB STORED SIGNAL TO WRITE MEMORY PROTECT BIT XHQ INDICATION THAT AN INDEX IS BEING PROCESSED ZELO1 = TP TRAP + ERR TRAP __________________________________________________________________________ ##SPC1## ##SPC2## ##SPC3## ##SPC4## ##SPC5## ##SPC6## ##SPC7## ##SPC8## ##SPC9## ##SPC10## ##SPC11## ##SPC12##

ADM (ADD TO MEMORY) OPERATION

To illustrate latching of the buses, the operation for an ADM instruction will be described. The timing chart is FIG. 16. An octal representation is used in the following description for all data and addresses in the registers and on the buses.

Assume initially that toward the end of the preceding instruction PC-ASO and therefore GPC-ASO become true along with MM read. The program counter PC (FIG. 14) contains some address, for example (13257), which is gated onto the address bus AB (FIG. 9).

During the last cycle, which may be any one of C1, C2 or C3 depending on the instruction, the signal GO from gate 422 becomes false. Therefore at P4, L4, input K of flip-flop SYNC becomes true. The next clock pulse advances the pulse counter to P5 and also resets SYNC. This blocks further pulses from lead TCP and thus prevents the timing generator from advancing further.

In the meantime the memory control circuit causes the data word to be read from the main memory and placed in a data register having outputs on the cable leads DRP7-.phi. to 23. A signal DAP7 becomes true indicating data available at port 7.

The signal GOC1 becomes true in response to the condition (DAP7.PC - ASO.ZELO1'). The element ZELO1 relates to a trap condition and is normally false. GOC1 via gate 422 along with CLK makes the J input of SYNC true so that the next clock pulse sets it. When SYNC-B from the duplicate processor is also true, gate 414 is enabled to supply pulses to lead TCP. The next clock pulse then sets the timing to C1.L1.P1. The signal PC-ASO becomes false as the timing is set to L1.

To use the memory data register as a data source, the signal MDR-DSO becomes true in response to the signal condition [C1.L1.P5'(EXPB+XH)'CLK]. The data from leads DRP7-.phi. to 23 is then gated onto the data bus (FIG. 6) during pulses P1-P4 of cycle C1 level L1.

During the second pulse MM READ is reset in response to DAP7.L1.P2.CLK.

During the third pulse the condition (C1.L1.P3) is used to LOAD IR, LOAD Y and COUNT PC. In the equation for COUNT PC, EXPB and PCINH will usually be false. (The signal PCINH may be true in certain instances in which the program counter has already been advanced with indirect addressing indexing, an interrupt or a trap and should not be advanced again.)

The situation now is that the program counter has advanced to (1326.phi.), and the contents of the word at address (13257) have been placed via the data bus into registers IR and Y. Assume this word to be (14621372). The (1) corresponding to bits 23, 22, 21 indicates indexing with register X1, the (46) is the OP code for ADM and (21372) is the operand address.

INDEX is true in response to (IR21.IR19'). During the fifth pulse MDR-DSO becomes false, and index register X1 becomes the data bus, source by X1 - DSO = (X1.C1.L1.P5.INDEX), where X1 = (IR22'.IR21). The signal ADS is normally true during cycle C1 unless RTR is true.

As shown in FIG. 11, the input for register S is normally from the adder of FIG. 12, via AND logic 1160 enabled by signal ADS which is normally true except when S-DSK is true. The signal LOAD S is true with (ADX IN1.C1.L2.P5) where ADX INI is true with INDEX true. LOAD S causes register S to be loaded with the output of the adder, which is the sum of the operand address instruction which has been loaded into register Y and the contents of register X1 which appears on the data bus. Assuming for example a value (.phi..phi..phi.12) from the index register, the address in register S is now (21404).

On the first pulse of the thid leve., MMREAD latch is set on (C1.L3.MRI.PRA'); where MRI is true with bit IR20 true, this bit being true for the ADM code OP46. The signal S-ASO is also true with (CLK.MMDLL'.C1.L3.MRI). The main memory is now accessed via memory control CMC to read the data from the word at address (21404). In the meantime the processor continues other operations.

During level L4 the signal A-DSO becomes true with C1.L4.ADM. During pulse P3 the signal LOAD Y is true with (ADM.C1.L4.P3), and LATCH AB is also set on the same condition. Therefore data from register A via the data bus is placed in register Y, and the address from register S is latched on the address bus. Assume data from A into Y is (.phi..phi..phi..phi..phi.132).

It is now necessary to wait for the data to be available from the main memory, indicated by the signal DAP7. ADM is a C24 instruction so GOC2 becomes true on the condition C1.L4.C24INST.DAP7. This initiates the cycle C2.

The signal MDR-DSO becomes true on C2.L1.P5'(C2,MDR-DSO Inhibit)'CLK, which gates the data from the memory onto the data bus. Assume data is (23512562).

The latch MMREAD is reset on (DAP7.L1.C2.CLK).

The signal LATCH DB becomes true on (ADM.C2[L1(P3 + P4 + P5) + L2]) so that the data from memory is latched on the data bus during the last three pulses of level L1 and all of level L2.

During pulse P4 of level L2, LOAD S becomes true on ADM.C2.L2.P4. therefore the sum from the adder is placed in register S. This sum is (.phi..phi..phi..phi..phi.132) + (23512562) = (23512724).

During level L3 the signal S-DSO is true on (C2.L3.ADM); and MMWRITE is true on (C2.L3.ADM.MMDLL'.LATCH AB). This signal along with LATCH AB remains true during all of level L3. Therefore a command is given to memory control to write the data from register S at the address of the data word which is latched on the address bus.

The timing stops at C2.L3.P5 while awaiting a signal from the memory control that the data is loaded in memory. This is accomplished by the signal WAIT STATE on the condition (C2.MMDLL'.ADM).

The latch MMDLL is set in response to the signal DLP7 from memory control indicating data loaded at port 7. LATCH AB is reset in response to MMDLL. With MMDLL true, WAIT STATE becomes false and makes GO from gate 422 true. Flip-flop SYNC sets on the next clock pulse, and along with SYNC-B enables gate 414 to provide clock pulses on lead TCP and advance the timing to level L4. MMWRITE becomes false and the latch MMDLL is reset (DLP7 becomes false to remove the set signal). The signal S-DSO becomes false when the level goes to L4.

The last level of the cycle is used to initiate reading the next instruction, whose address is in the program counter, now at 13260. MMREAD sets and PC-ASO becomes true on (C2.L4.C24INST), and GPC-ASO then becomes true. The timing stops at C2.L4.P5 while waiting for the data available signal DAP7.

OTHER INSTRUCTIONS WITH BUS LATCHING

As seen in the equations for LATCH AB(S) and LATCH DB, the instructions AOM for add one to memory and SOM for subtract one from memory, use latching of both the address bus and the data bus; the instructions XAM for exchange contents of register A and memory, and RPA for replace address, use address bus latching; and the instructions SANG for skip an instruction if contents of register A is not greater than memory contents at the effective address, SANE for skip if contents of register A not equal to memory contents, and PRA for place contents of register-sender memory into register A, use data bus latching.

The operation for instructions AOM and SOM is very similar to ADM. Both omit A-DSO during C1.L4 so that the data bus has all zeros when register Y is loaded during C1.L4.P3. For AOM the carry into bit .phi. signal C.phi. is true on (C2.AOM), while for SOM a negative one is effectively added by INVERT = C2.SOM.

The instructions XAM and RPA use latching of the address bus to keep the address available while using the S register for other purposes.

The instructions SANG and SANE use latching of the data bus to retain information read from memory to do arithmetic operations (subtract contents of register A from the data read from memory) during cycle C2, levels L1 and L2.

COMPUTER USER MANUAL

SECTION 1.0 Computer Central Processor

1.1 Introduction to Computer Organization

An understanding of the Computer Central Processor will aid the user to manipulate, maintain and to analyze the system.

1.1.1 Word Formats

The memory data word is represented in octal format as follows: ##SPC13##

e.g., a number represented as octal 24176653 has a corresponding binary representation of:

010100001111110110101011

The instruction word format for the central processor is: ##SPC14##

Bits .phi. - 14 contain the address for memory reference instruction or micro-instructions for non-memory reference operations.

Bits 15 - 20 contain the code representing the operation to be performed.

Bits 21 & 22 are coded to represent any of three index registers to be used in address modification.

______________________________________ Bits Specify ______________________________________ 22 21 0 0 No Index 0 1 Index 1 1 0 Index 2 1 1 Index 3 ______________________________________

Bit 23 is the indirect address bit.

(Bits 15 - 23 are referred to as the instruction field.)

The single precixion fixed point data word format (24 bits) is represented as an 8 octal digit number with the highest order bit denoting a positive or negative quantity: ##SPC15##

The word format for a double precision data word (48 bits) is represented by two separate single precision words with the highest order bit in the word of most significance denoting a positive or negative quantity. ##SPC16##

Fixed point numbers are stored in memory in two's (radix) complement form. Thus, magnitudes of negative numbers are not directly available but must be recomplemented. The Clear A and Subtract instruction has been provided to facilitate this operation.

1.1.2 Main Memory (CMM)

The Main memory is a high speed random access store capable of a complete read or write cycle time 1 microsecond and a read-modify-write cycle time of 1.6 microseconds. (Slower memories may be substituted with the only penalty being a derating in processing speeds and Drum Transfer rates). Main Memory is expandable in 4096, 8192, 16384 or 32768 word modules to a maximum of 131,072 words or four modules, whichever occurs first.

Each memory module contains its own address register, data register, and read-write control circuitry. A set of margin switches is provided with each memory module that can be manually changed to improve fault localization resolution and run preventive maintenance routines. An amber lamp is provided on the memory module front panel to indicate that any one or more of these switches is off-normal.

Each word in Main Memory contains 26 bits: 24 bits are used for storing data, 1 bit is used for storing the parity of the complete word, and 1 bit is used for storing the "protect" status of the word.

A 17 bit address bus allows any word in main memory to be directly addressable. Each word can be read out of or "written" into, or both. However a memory protect system is utilized to protect specified locations in core from being altered. A hard wired section of memory of 512 or 1024 words, within the first 1024 locations, cannot be written unless the memory protect system is inactivated. The memory protect system can only be inactivated by depressing the memory protect inhibit switch, on the Maintenance control center panel. With the memory protect system active, other locations in memory are protected by the setting of a read only memory storage element in the CMC and that particular word having bit 25 set. This read only memory storage element is programmed controlled by a CPD instruction.

A parity check feature is provided for all memory transfer operations (both reading and writing). The parity generation and checking is provided in the CMC and extends over the complete memory word, including the memory protect bit, for additional security.

1.1.3 Addressing Alternates

For most instructions, which reference memory from the operand, the following addressing modes are available.

Paging

the core memory of the Central Processor is organized into pages. The maximum number of pages is four, with the maximum number of location or addresses assigned to a page being 32,768. This totals a maximum of 131,072 words of memory.

Addressing a page is via the hardware page register. Bits 15 and 16 (the 16th and 17th bits of the address bus) are taken from the instruction field or the data field of the Page Register whenever a memory reference occurs. The Page Register can be altered via programmed instructions (refer to section 1.3.3 Paging).

Direct addressing

the operand or address field of an instruction specifies an address within a page on a memory reference instruction. A maximum of 32,768 words of core within any one of four pages is directly addressable.

Indexing

the contents of any one of the three 15 bit index registers is added to the contents of the instruction address field to form a new operand address. Indexing does not carry over into a new page, rather a wrap around effect will occur. Indexing does not affect the page register.

Indirect addressing

the address field of an instruction, after modification by indexing if required, specifies a memory location which will contain a new address for the operand. The indirect addressing is multilevel with indexing allowed at each level.

The indexing operations always precede indirect referencing operations. Indirect references proceed until the indirect address bit is false. Instructions which are used to specify index operations are themselves not indexable.

1.1.4 ARITHMETIC

Parallel, binary, fixed point arithmetic is provided in the No. 1 EAX computer. Single precision numbers are stored in memory as 23 bit integers (i.e., binary point at extreme right) with the highest order (leftmost) 24th Bit considered as a sign.

Negative numbers are held in memory in two's complement form and are operated on in the arithmetic unit in a two's complement number system.

Provisions for double length products and dividend are made by using two registers in the multiply and divide operations. The two registers may be shifted logically or arithmetically and may be logically rotated (circular shift).

1.1.5 INPUT/OUTPUT

The EAX processor input/output system is made up of two distinct sections; the Computer Channel Multiplex and Channel Buffers.

The Channel Multiplex (CCX) provides a unique communication path between the Central Processor and the Channel Buffer. The CCX can accommodate a maximum of 16 Channel Buffers.

Standard Channel Buffers provided with a EAX Office Switching Unit are: (1) Computer Channel Device Buffer. This buffer provides an interface to the peripheral adapters which provide control features for the operation of the Teletype Model 35ASR, Teletype Model 35KSR, Paper Tape Punch and Paper Tape Reader. (2) Computer Communications Register. This shift register provides the serial communication link between the Central Processor and the Originating or Terminating Markers. (3) Maintenance Device Buffer. This buffer provides a store and forward interface between the Central Processor and the Maintenance and Control Center. (4) Automatic Toll Ticketer. A channel buffer provides the interface between the central Processor and the Automatic Toll Ticketer.

1.1.6 PRIORITY INTERRUPT

Since the operation of the No. 1 EAX system is dictated by events occurring external to the Central Processor, provision is made to alert the CP to these external occurrences; this provision is called the Priority Interrupt system.

The interrupt system is a true multi-level system, 8 levels of interrupt are available, and the program of highest active priority is always being processed.

The eight general categories of interrupts and their priorities are listed below.

1. Manual Requests and Power Failures

2. Major Alarm Errors

3. Real Time Clock

4. Communication Register and Drum Control Unit Ready Interrupts

5. Register-Sender Requests for Translation

6. Minor Alarm Errors

7. Input/Output and Originating Marker Interrupts

8. Clock Errors and Register-Sender Minor Errors.

Additional program control is provided by separate instructions which either DISABLE the interrupt system or ENABLE the interrupt system.

1.1.7 TRAPS

Failures that could disrupt the No. 1 EAX system require immediate attention. The priority interrupt system has a time lag of at least one cycle time before recognition for service can be processed, also a program disable feature can delay recognition for any length of time. Because of these features, a trap system is used to accommodate failure recognition. There are two trap levels, and both have a higher priority than the interrupt system but only at the time of failure. Once the trap has been recognized, and the BSP instruction at the trap address has been processed, an interrupt can occur. The recognition of the interrupt can be delayed, however, by processing a disable interrupt (DSI) instruction.

Trap level 1 has a higher priority than trap level 2. Trap level 1 is called the third party trap. It is triggered whenever the duplicated central processors, while running in sync, do not agree with each other. Recognition of this trap is immediate. However, the instruction in process is allowed to be completed before a force is made to the trap location. (Refer to section 1.6 for further detail).

Trap level 2 is called the computer error trap. It is triggered when an error, internal to a central processor or its associated computer memory control, occurs. Recognition of this trap is immediate, and the instruction in process is aborted. (Refer to section 1.6 for further detail).

1.1.8 COMPUTER REGISTERS

In addition to the registers shown in FIG. 3A, the computer operates in conjunction with Memory Registers. Each memory module contains its own data, or information register and its own address register. Data registers are 26 bits (one parity and one protect bit). Address registers may be 12 to 14 bits for module sizes of 4096 to 16,384 respectively. These registers are time multiplexed as required between the central processor and a direct access I/O device (optional). The memory registers are not accessible for program control. 1.1.8.8 Register "PR" is a 6 bit register used to specify bits 15 and 16 of the address bus. The 6 bits are assigned to a data field (2 bits); a branch field (2 bits); and an instruction field (2 bits). Program access to this register is via the instruction set.

SECTION 1.2 Central Processor Instruction Set

1.2.1 Introduction

This section contains the description of the Central Processor Circuit instructions. The descriptions are separated into functional groupings.

All instruction execution times are expressed in terms of memory cycles unless otherwise noted. The timing indicated includes instruction access time and address modification time. Where indirect addressing is specified, one additional memory cycle is required.

Indexing and indirect addressing apply to every instruction unless otherwise noted.

A timing cycle is equal to 2 .mu.sec plus time for memory reference in some instructions. Refer to section 8.12.

The term "effective address," EA, is used to describe the final operand field of the instruction after all indirect references and modification. For memory reference instructions, the effective address denotes the location of the memory cell containing the actual operand. For non-memory reference instructions, the effective address is used literally as the operand.

(EA) = Contents of Main Memory at the Effective Address within a memory page.

(A) = Contents of Register A.

Ea = effective Address -- Indicates Direct or Literal Operation Using Modified Address Field.

: = Colon Defined as Notation "if: then."

(nn) = Octal representation of Op code.

1.2.2 Arithmetic Group

Add (40) add Memory to A (A).sub.0.sub.-23 + (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(A).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of the memory location at the effective address are added to the contents of Register A. The sum replaces the contents of the A register. If an overflow occurs, the overflow indication will be set. A carry out of bit position 23 will be recorded by setting the carry indicator.

Register affected: A

Timing: 2 cycles

Sub (41) subract Memory From A (A).sub.0.sub.-23 -(EA).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(A).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of the memory location at the effective address are subtracted from the contents of Register A. The difference replaces the contents of the A register. If an overflow occurs, the overflow indicator will be set. A carry out of bit position 23 will be recorded by setting the carry indicator.

Register affected: A

Timing: 2 cycles

Mul (42) multiply Memory by Register Q (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 .times. (Q).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(AQ).sub.0.sub.-47

register A is reset, the contents of the memory location at the effective address are multiplied by the contents of register Q. The product will replace the contents of the double precision registers A-Q, bits 0-47.

Register affected: A and Q

Timing: 7.5 cycles min., 10.5 cycles max. ##SPC17##

The contents of the double precision registers A and Q are divided by the contents of memory at the effective address. The quotient will replace the contents of Register A. The remainder will replace the contents of register Q and will be signed as dividend. If a division overflow occurs, the overflow indicator will be set. Division by zero will result in a computer error TRAP (LEVEL 2).

Registers affected: A and Q

Timing: 15 cycles

Adi (.phi.1) add Immediate (A).sub.0.sub.-23 + EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(A).sub.0.sub.-23

the effective address is added directly to the contents of register A. If indirect addressing is specified, only bits .phi. thru 14 at the indirect address are added to register A. A carry out of bit position 14 will propagate. If an overflow occurs, the overflow indicator will be set. A carry out of bit position 23 will be recorded by setting the carry indicator.

Register affected: A

Timing: 1 cycle; 2 cycles if Indexed

Sbi (.phi.2) subract Immediate (A).sub.0.sub.-23 - EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(A).sub.0.sub.-23

the effective address is subtracted directly from the contents of register A. If indirect addressing is specified, bits .phi. thru 14 at the indirect address take part in the subtraction process. Borrows from bit positions of higher order than 14 will propagate. If an overflow occurs, the overflow indicator will be set. A carry out of bit position 23 will be recorded by setting the carry indicator.

Register affected: A

Timing: 1 cycle; 2 cycles if Indexed

Aom (44) add One to Memory (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 + 1.fwdarw.(EA).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of the memory at the effective address are incremented and stored back in memory at the same address. Overflow and carry indicators are not affected.

Register affected: None

Timing: 2 cycles

Som (45) subtract One from Memory (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 - 1.fwdarw.(EA).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of the memory at the effective address are decremented, and stored back in memory at the same address. Overflow and carry indicators are not affected.

Register affected: None

Timing: 2 cycles

Adm (46) add A Register to Memory (A).sub.0.sub.-23 + (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(EA).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of the A register are added to the contents of the memory at the effective address. The result is stored back in memory at the same address. Overflow and carry indicators are not affected.

Registers Affected: None

Timing: 2 cycles

1.2.3 Indexing Operations

(Multilevel Indirect Addressing is allowed but the loading of the index bits of the tag field is suppressed)

Adx (2.phi.) add to Index (XR).sub.0.sub.-14 + EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(XR).sub.0.sub.-14

(not Indexable). Add the effective address directly to the specified index register. If no index register is specified, ADX will be treated as a no-op. Overflow not affected.

Register affected: XR.sub.n

Timing: 1 cycle

Sbx (21) subtract from Index (XR).sub.0.sub.-14 - EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(XR).sub.0.sub.-14

(not Indexable). Subtract the effective address directly from the index register specified in the tag field of the instruction. If no index register is specified, SBX will be treated as a no-op. Overflow is not affected.

Registers affected: XR.sub.n

Timing: 1 cycle

Cax (22) clear and Add Index EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(XR).sub.0.sub.-14

(not Indexable). Load the effective address bits 0 thru 14, directly into the specified index register. If no index register is specified, the CAX will be treated as a no-op.

Register affected: XR.sub.n

Timing: 1 cycle

Csx (23) clear and Subtract Index 2.sup.15 - EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(XR).sub.0.sub.-14

(not Indexable). The effective address is loaded in two's complement form into the specified index register. If indirect addressing is specified, the effective address portion of the memory word at the indirect address is loaded in two's complement form to the specified index register. If no index register is specified, the CSX will be treated as a no-op.

Register affected: XR.sub.n

Timing: 1 cycle

STX (26) Store Index (XR).sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(EA).sub.0.sub.-14 0 .fwdarw.(EA).sub.15.sub.-23

(Not Indexable). Store the contents of the specified index register in the memory location at the effective address.

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

IBP (24) Increment Branch Positive (XR).sub.0.sub.-14 +1.fwdarw.(XR).sub.0.sub.-14 (XR).sub.14 =0:EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(PC).sub.0.sub.- 14

(Not Indexable). The contents of the specified index register are incremented. If bit 14 of that index register is zero, a branch to the effective address will be executed.

Register affected: XR.sub.n :PC if Branch Occurs

Timing: 1 cycle

IBN (25) Increment Branch Negative (XR).sub.0.sub.-14 +1.fwdarw.(XR).sub.0.sub.-14 (XR).sub.14 =1:EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(PC).sub.0.sub.- 14

(Not Indexable). The contents of the specified index register are incremented. If bit 14 of that index register is not zero, a branch to the effective address will be executed.

Register affected: XR.sub.n ; PC if Branch Occurs

Timing: 1 cycle

Bpx (3.phi.) branch Positive Index (XR).sub.14 = 0:EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(PC).sub.0.sub.-14

(Not Indexable). A branch to the effective address will be executed if bit 14 of the specified index register is zero.

Register affected: PC if Branch Occurs

Timing: 1 cycle

Bnx (31) branch Negative Index (XR).sub.14 = 1:EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(PC).sub.0.sub.-14

(not Indexable). A branch to the effective address will be executed if bit 14 of the specified index register is not zero. If no index register is specified, or if the test fails, the BNX will be treated as a no-op.

Register affected: PC if Branch Occurs

Timing: 1 cycle

Bzx (32) branch Zero Index (XR).sub.0.sub.-14 = O:EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(PC).sub.0.sub.-14

(not Indexable). A branch to the effective address will be executed if the contents of the specified index register are equal to zero.

Register affected: PC if Branch Occurs

Timing: 1 cycle

1.2.4 Load and Store Group

Csa (56) clear and Subtract A 2.sup.24 - (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(A).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of the memory at the effective address are loaded in two's complement form into the A register. Overflow and carry indicator are not reset.

Register affected: A

Timing: 2 cycles

RPA (57) Replace Address (EA).sub.15.sub.-23 .fwdarw. (EA).sub.15.sub.-23 (A).sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw. (EA).sub.0.sub.-14

The address portion of register A (bits 0 thru 14) replaces the address portion of the memory word at the effective address. Bits 15 thru 23 of the memory word at the effective address are not affected.

Register affected: None

Timing: 2 cycles

Lda (54) load A (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(A).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of memory at the effective address are loaded into the A register. The overflow and carry indicators are not reset.

Register affected: A

Timing: 2 cycles

Sta (55) store A (A).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(EA).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of register A are stored in memory at the effective address.

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Ldq (64) load Q (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(Q).sub.0.sub.-23

interrupt ignored during instruction. The contents of the memory at the effective address are loaded into the Q register.

Register affected: Q

Timing: 2 cycles

Stq (65) store Q (Q).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(EA).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of the Q register are stored in memory at the effective address.

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Pra (60) place RS Memory into "A" Register

(Register Sender (EA)).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(A).sub.0.sub.-23

The contents of the register Sender Memory at the effective address are loaded into the A register of the CP. The overflow and carry indicators are not reset.

Register affected: A

Timing: 2 cycles

Par(61) place "A" Register into RS Memory

(A).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(Register Sender (EA)).sub.0.sub.-23

The contents of register A are stored in the Register Sender Memory at the effective address.

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Lpr (66) load Page Register

Interrupts Ignored During Instruction

This Op-Code with its extended field allows the loading of the data field and branch field of the page register. This instruction is indexable. A zero extended OP code will be treated as a no-op.

Lpd (661) load Data Field EA.sub.3,4 .fwdarw.(PR).sub.4,5

(not Indexable)

The effective address bits 3 and 4 are loaded directly and respectively into bits 4 and 5 of the Page Register.

(DATA FIELD).

Register affected: Page Register

Timing: 1 cycle

Lpb (662) load Branch Field EA.sub.0,1 .fwdarw.(PR).sub.2,3

(not Indexable)

The effective address bits 0 and 1 are loaded directly and respectively into bits 2 and 3 of the Page Register.

(BRANCH FIELD).

Register affected: Page Register

Timing: 1 cycle

Lpdb (663) load Data and Branch Fields

(Not Indexable) EA.sub.3,4 & 0,1 .fwdarw.(PR).sub.4,5 & 2,3

the effective address bits 3,4,0 and 1 are loaded directly and respectively into the Page Register bits 4,5 (DATA FIELD) and 0,1 (BRANCH FIELD).

Register affected: Page Register

Timing: 1 cycle

Tid (664) transfer Instruction Field to Data Field

(Not Indexable) (PR).sub.0,1 .fwdarw.(PR).sub.4,5

this instruction will allow data storage reference within the memory page of the running program.

Register Affected: Page Register

Timing: 1 cycle

Ldc (74) load Output Channel (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(OC).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of the memory at the effective address are loaded on the output channel. A separate sampling level is extended to external devices to indicate when data is stable.

Register affected: None

Timing: 2 cycles

Stc (75) store Input Channel (IC).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(EA).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of the input channel are stored in memory at the effective address. A separate sampling level is extended to the external devices to acknowledge storage.

Register affected: None

Timing: 2 cycles

1.2.5 Miscellaneous Control Group (37) (Non-Indexable) DSI Disable Interrupt (SET INIT) (3700001)

Interrupts are accepted into the WAIT STATE. Interrupts will not be scanned and therefore not acknowledged by the Central Processor, while in this state.

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

ENI Enable Interrupt (RESET INIT) (3700002)

All interrupts are acepted into a WAIT STATE and interrupt break will be acknowledged during the next sequential instruction providing it allows interrupt recognition. Thus this instruction resets the DSI storage and will allow the interrupt system access at the end of next processed instruction if that instruction allows it.

Registers affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Ecr enable CPD Routine (Refer to Section 8.5 Maintenance)

(3700004)

This instruction sets a storage element, the output of which will allow loading of the data bus into the "A" register of the Central Processor during level 3 of a CPD instruction. The format of the "A" register after loading is as follows: ##SPC18##

Bit 15 = cpd00 + cpd11 + cpd22 + cpd33

bit 16 = cpd01 + cpd12 + cpd23 + cpd34

bit 17 = cpd02 + cpd13 + cpd24 + cpd35

bit 18 = cpd03 + cpd14 + cpd25 + cpd36

bit 19 = cpd04 + cpd15 + cpd26 + cpd37

bit 20 = cpd05 + cpd16 + cpd27 + cpd30

bit 21 = cpd06 + cpd17 + cpd20 + cpd31

bit 22 = cpd07 + cpd10 + cpd21 + cpd32

register affected: RA

Timing: 1 cycle

Dcr disable CPD Routine

(3700010)

This instruction resets the storage element set by ECR. Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Rei reset Error Indicators

(3700020)

All internal Central Processing Unit stored error indicators will be cleared. These include: Memory Even Parity Error, Invalid OP Error, Division by Zero Error, Error Trap and

Cmc errors.

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Mps memory Protect Set

(3700040)

The WMPB indicator is set. This becomes bit 25 of the data bus.

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Mpr memory Protect Reset

(3700100)

The WMPB indicator is reset.

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Bps set Bad Parity

(3700200)

This instruction generates bad parity to main memory in the following manner.

Whenever this storage element is set by the above execution, the succeeding memory reference instructions will generate bad parity. The Store Register A (STA) instruction or Place A in Register-Sender (PAR) instruction or character copy out (CCO) instruction or load channel (LDC) will generate bad data parity to either Main memory (STA) or Register-Sender memory (PAR) or to the channel multiplexor (CCO or LDC). Any other memory reference instruction will generate bad address parity. PRA will generate bad address parity to the Register-Sender memory while all the others (Operation Code = 26 or 40 through 77 except 55 (STA) and 61 (PAR) will generate bad address parity to the Main Memory. Indirect addressing will also cause bad address parity.

Registers affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Bpr reset Bad Parity

(3700400)

Resets the Bad Parity Storage element.

Registers affected: None

Timing 1 cycle

Ssrtc switch to standby real time clock

(3701000)

this instruction sets a storage element, the output of which switches the MAIN REAL TIME CLOCK output off thus allowing the STANDBY REAL TIME CLOCK to run. A simulated MAIN REAL TIME CLOCK ERROR is created causing a level 8 interrupt.

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Smrtc switch to main real time clock

(3702000)

this instruction resets the above storage element. The MAIN REAL TIME CLOCK takes over and the error indication caused by the previous action (SSRTC) is removed.

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Enwd enable Watch Dog Timer

(3704000)

This instruction enables the Watch Dog Timer so that it can reset. (See 8.6)

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Riw reset Interrupt Waits

(3720000)

This instruction resets the Wait States of the eight Interrupt Levels.

Register affected None

Timing: 1 cycle

Note: simultaneous selection of separate operators is allowed, e.g., 3700021 will effect the DSI and the REI operation. Ambiguous selections attempting to specify two states of a single operator (e.g. 3700014) result in unpredictable operation.

Rwd reset Watch Dog Timer

(3710000)

This instruction resets the Watch Dog Timer.

(See 8.6)

Register Affected: None

Timing 1 cycle

Sync resync Watch Dog Timer

(3740000)

This instruction resynchronizes the Watch Dog Timer. (See 8.6 for operation).

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

1.2.6 Branch and Skip Group

Rtn (10) branch Unconditional EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(PC).sub.0.sub.-14

the next instruction in program sequence is at the effective address in the page specified by the instruction field of the Page Register.

INDIRECT ADDRESSING of this instruction will load the Page Register from the contents of the effective address as follows. When returning the data contents of the locations specified by the operand bits 0-14 will be loaded into the IR register in the normal manner and then loaded into the program counter; bits 15 thru 18 will be loaded into the branch and data fields of the Page Register. Thus return linkage to a different page other than the one where the RTN resides is possible. (refer to section 1.3.3 Paging).

Register affected: PC; PR if indirect

Timing: 1 cycle; 2 cycles if indirect

Bun (11) branch Unconditional EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(PC).sub.0.sub.-14

the next instruction in program sequence is at the effective address in the page specified by the instruction field of the Page Register.

Register affected: PC

Timing: 1 cycle

Bao (35) branch A Register Overflow OVF = 1:EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(PC)

(not Indexable)

If the A register overflow indicator is set, the next instruction is taken from the location specified by the effective address. The overflow indicator is reset.

Register affected: PC if Branch Occurs

Timing: 1 cycle

BZA (13) Branch if A Register Zero (A).sub.0.sub.-23 = 0:EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(PC)

the next instruction is taken from the location specified by the effective address if the A register contents are zero.

Register affected: PC if Branch Occurs

Timing: 1 cycle; 2 if Indexed

Bna (14) branch if A Register Negative A.sub.23 = 1:EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw. (PC)

the next instruction is taken from the location specified by the effective address if the contents of register A are negative.

Register affected: PC if Branch Occurs

Timing: 1 cycle; 2 if Indexed

Bpa (15) branch if A Register Positive A.sub.23 = O:EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(PC)

the next instruction is taken from the location specified by the effective address if the contents of register A are positive.

Register affected: PC if Branch Occurs

Timing: 1 cycle; 2 if Indexed

Bsp (62) branch and Store Program Linkage

OVF.fwdarw.(EA).sub.20, CARRY.fwdarw.(EA).sub.19, (LPR).sub.0.sub.-3 .fwdarw.(EA).sub.15.sub.-18, (LPC).sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(EA) .sub.0.sub.-14

The current contents of the program counter and the page register as stored in the last program count register and the last page reference register and the overflow indicator and the carry indicator, replaces the contents of the memory word at the effective address. The next instruction is taken from the effective address plus one. This instruction will delay an interrupt by one instruction.

This instruction facilitates real time sub-routine linkages. The interrupt dealy feature provides a safeguard against inadvertent sub-routine re-entry; the interrupt system may be disabled by the first instruction in the sub-routine.

Register affected: PC

Timing: 2 cycles

Brr (16) branch Return Reset EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.PC: 0.fwdarw.INT. ACTIVE

if indirect

(EA).sub.20 V OVF .fwdarw.OVF, (EA).sub.19 V CARRY .fwdarw.CARRY

(EA).sub.15.sub.-18 .fwdarw.(PR).sub.2.sub.-5 (EA).sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(IR).sub.0.sub.-14

the next instruction is executed at the effective address. The highest active interrupt is reset.

Register affected: PC

Timing: 1 cycle; 2 if Indexed

This instruction is used to exit from an interrupt subroutine and should be an indirect reference to the subroutine link location to properly restore the interrupted program. SMNT (7.phi.) Skip Memory Not True, i.e., if A and Memory Do not Compare Ones.

(A).sub.0.sub.-23.sup.. (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 .noteq.0: (PC) + 1 .fwdarw.(PC)

Contents of the memory at the effective address are compared with register A. If they do not match in positions that contain a one in register A, skip one instruction.

Register affected: PC if Skip

Timing: 2 cycles

Smnz (71) skip if A and Memory Do Not compare Zeros

(A).sub.0.sub.-23.sup.. (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 .noteq.0: (PC) + 1 .fwdarw.(PC)

Contents of the memory at the effective address are compared with register A. If the memory operand does not contain zeros in bit positions corresponding to "ones" in register A, skip one instruction.

Register affected: PC if Skip

Timing: 2 cycles

Smnn(77) skip if Memory Not Negative

(EA).sub.23 = 0: PC + 1 .fwdarw.(PC)

If Bit 23 of the memory location at the effective address is a zero, skip one instruction.

Register affected: PC if Skip

Timing: 2 cycles

Ssnt (.phi.7) skip if Sense Group Not True

(SG.sub.n) .sup.. EA.sub.0.sub.-7 .noteq. 0: (PC) + 1 .fwdarw.(PC)

A portion of the effective address (bits 9 thru 7) form a mask. This mask is compared to 8 sense line inputs in any of 128 possible groups as specifed by bits 8 thru 14 of the effective address. If the selected sense line group and the mask do not compare one's, skip one instruction.

Register affected: PC if Skip

Timing: 1 cycle; 2 cycles if Indexed

The word format of the SSNT is as follows: ##SPC19##

The SSNT instruction can be used to test the condition of a maximum of 1024 individual input lines.

The sense group numbering, by nature of the position in the computer instruction follows the sequence (000, 010, 020, . . . 760, 770, 004, 014, 024, . . . 764, 774).

See Section 1.5.3 for explanation of sense lines. See Section 8.3 for sense line assignments.

Sane (72) skip if A Register Not Equal to Memory

(EA).sub.0.sub.-23 - (A).sub.0.sub.-23 .noteq. 0:(PC) + 1 .fwdarw.(PC)

The contents of the memory at the effective address are compared with the A register. If the A register is not algebraically equal to the contents of the memory location at the effective operand address, skip one instruction.

Register affected: PC if Skip

Timing: 2 cycles

Lsga (.phi.6) load Sense Group into "A" Register

0 .fwdarw.(A).sub.8.sub.-23

Selected SG .fwdarw.(A).sub.0.sub.-7

The upper seven bits of the effective address defines the desired sense group. The assignment of sense group numbers for the seventy-one (71) standard sense groups given in the SSNT instruction also applies to this instruction. The contents of the selected sense group is placed in the lower eight bit position of the A register.

Register affected: A

Timing: 1 cycle

Samg (76) skip if Register A and Memory Do Not Compare

Equal as Masked by Register Q ##SPC20##

Register A and the contents of memory at the effective address are compared in positions extracted by the mask bits of Register Q. If they do not compare identically, skip one instruction.

Example:

Register A 6 7 4 0 6 1 5 3 (EA) 1 2 7 3 6 0 1 2 Register Q 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 (A).sub.0.sub.-23 .sym. (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 7 5 3 3 0 1 4 1 ##SPC21##

Registers affected: PC if Skip

Timing: 2 cycles

Half Word Skips (.phi.4) Indexing will not affect extended Op code

This is an extended operation provided for half word immediate (or literal) tests of the A Register. The effective address field bits 12, 13 and 14 are used to specify the following skip tests: The execution time is 1 cycle.

Slnt (.phi.4.phi.) skip Left Not True (A).sub.12.sub.-23.sup.. EA.sub.0.sub.-11 .noteq.0:(PC) + 1 .fwdarw.(PC)

skip one instruction if bits 12-23 of register A do not compare one's as masked by bits 0-11 of the effective address.

Srnt (.phi.41) skip Right Not True (A).sub.0.sub.-11.sup.. EA.sub.0.sub.-11 .noteq.0: (PC) + 1 (PC)

skip one instruction if bits 0-11 of register A do not compare one's as masked by bits 0-11 of the effective address.

Slnz (.phi.44) skip Left Not Zeros (A).sub.12.sub.-23.sup.. EA.sub.0.sub.-11 .noteq.0: (PC) + 1 (PC)

skip one instruction if bits 12-23 of Register A do not contain zeros as masked by bits 0-11 of the effective address.

Srnz (.phi.45) skip Right Not Zeros (A).sub.0.sub.-11.sup.. EA.sub.0.sub.-11 .noteq.0: (PC) + 1 (PC)

skip one instruction if bits 0-11 of register A do not contain zeros as masked by bits 0-11 of the effective address.

Slne (.phi.42) skip Left Not Equal (A).sub.12.sub.-23 - EA.sub.0.sub.-11 .noteq.0: (PC) + 1 (PC)

skip one instruction if bits 0-11 of the effective address and bits 12-23 of register A are not equal.

Srne (.phi.43) skip Right Not Equal (A).sub.0.sub.-11 - EA.sub.0.sub.-11 .noteq.0: (PC) + 1 (PC)

skip one instruction if bits 0-11 of the effective address and bits 0-11 of register A are not equal.

1.2.7 Shift Group

The execution time for all shift instructions is N + 3/4 cycles; N is specified in the effective address of the instruction.

The notation convention utilized in the following descriptions are iteration formulas. Termination occurs after N iterations unless otherwise specified.

Sal (34.phi.) shift Register A Left Arithmetic

(A).sub.i .fwdarw.(A).sub.i + 1

0.fwdarw.(A).sub.0

(a).sub.22 .sym. (a).sub.23 :1 .fwdarw.ovf

(not Indexable) the A register is shifted left N bit positions. Zeros are placed in the N least significant bits of Register A (open end shift). An overflow occurs if the register is shifted when bit 23 does not equal bit 22. N shifts will be completed regardless of overflow.

Registers affected: A

Sar (341) shift Register A Right Arithmetic

(A).sub.i .sub..sym. 1 .fwdarw.(A).sub.i

(A).sub.23 .fwdarw.(A).sub.22

(a).sub.23 .fwdarw.(a).sub.23

(not Indexable) the A Register is shifted right N positions. Bit 23 is not changed and is shifted to bit 22 for each specifed shift.

Registers affected: A

Lsl (342) long Shift Left Arithmetic

(A).sub.i 43 (A).sub.i .sub.+ .sub.1 ; (Q).sub.23 .fwdarw.(A).sub.0 ; (Q).sub.i .fwdarw.(Q).sub.i .sub.+ .sub.1 ; 0.fwdarw.(Q).sub.0 ; (A).sub.22 .sym. (A).sub.23 :1 .fwdarw. OV

(Not Indexable) the double precision register A-Q is shifted left N bit position. Zeros are entered into the least significant N bits of A-Q. An overflow will occur if the double register is shifted when A.sub.23 does not equal A.sub.22. Bit 23 of Register Q is shifted. N shifts will be completed regardless of overflow.

Registers affected: A-Q

Lsr (343) long Shift Right Arithmetic

(A).sub.i.sub.+1 .fwdarw.(A).sub.i ; (A).sub.0 .fwdarw.(Q).sub.23 ; (Q).sub.i.sub.+1 .fwdarw.(Q).sub.i ; (A).sub.23 .fwdarw.(A).sub.22 ; (A).sub.23 .fwdarw.(A).sub.23

Not Indexable. The double precision register A-Q is shifted right N bit position. Bit A.sub.23 is not changed, however, its value is copied into Bit A.sub.22. Bit Q.sub.23 is shifted. Bits shifted beyond Q.sub.0 are lost.

Registers affected: A-Q

Smp (344) shift and Mark Position

(A).sub.23 =1 Termination 0.fwdarw.(Q).sub.0 ; (Q).sub.i .fwdarw.(Q).sub.i.sub.+1 ; (Q).sub.23 .fwdarw.(A).sub. 0 ; (A).sub.i.fwdarw.(A).sub.i.sub.+1

(Not Indexable) A.sub.23 is tested to see if it equals one. If A.sub.23 .noteq.1, A-Q registers are shifted left until A.sub.23 32 1 or the number of shifts equal the maximum field length has been tested, the number of shifts is placed in the index register specified by the TAG field.

Registers affected: A, Q, X

Llr (120) long Left Rotate

(A).sub.i .fwdarw.(A).sub.i.sub.+1 ; (Q).sub.23 .fwdarw.(A).sub.0 ;

(q).sub.i .fwdarw.(Q).sub.i.sub.+1 ; (A).sub.23 .fwdarw.(Q).sub.0

the double precision register A-Q is shifted right N bit positions. Bit Q.sub.0 is shifted to bit A.sub.23 ; and bit A.sub.0 is shifted to bit Q.sub.23.

Registers affected: A-Q

Lrr (121) long Right Rotate

(A).sub.i.sub.+1 .fwdarw.(A).sub.i ; (A).sub.0 .fwdarw.(Q).sub.23 ;

(q).sub.i.sub.+1 .fwdarw.(Q).sub.i ; (Q).sub.0 .fwdarw.(A).sub.23

the double precision register A-Q is shifted right N bit positions. Bit Q.sub.0 is shifted to bit A.sub.23 ; and bit A.sub.0 is shifted to bit Q.sub.23.

Registers affected: A-Q

Lla (122) left Shift A Logical

(A).sub.i .fwdarw.(A).sub.i.sub.+1 ; 0.fwdarw.(A).sub.0

the contents of register A are shifted left N bit positions. Zeros are entered in the least significant N Bits of register A. Bits shifted out of position A.sub.23 are lost. No overflow is recorded.

Register affected: A

Llq (124) left Shift Q Logical

(Q).sub.i .fwdarw.(Q).sub.i.sub.+1 ; 0.fwdarw.(Q).sub.0

the contents of register Q are shifted left N bit positions. Zeros are entered in the N least significant bits. Bits shifted out of Q.sub.23 are lost. No overflow is recorded.

Register affected: Q

Lra (123) right Shift A Logical

(A).sub.i.sub.+1 .fwdarw.(A).sub.i ; 0.fwdarw.(A).sub.23

the contents of register A are shifted right N bit positions. Zeros are entered in the N most significant bits of register A. Bits shifted out of position A.sub.0 are lost.

Register affected: A

Lrq (125) right Shift Q Logical

(Q).sub.i.sub.+1 .fwdarw.(Q).sub.i ; 0.fwdarw.(Q).sub.23

the contents of register Q are shifted right N bit positions. Zeros are entered into the N most significant bits of Register Q. Bits shifted out of Q.sub.0 are lost.

Register affected: Q

1.2.8 logical Operator Group

Ana (5.phi.) and a with Memory (A).sub.0.sub.-23 .sup.. (EA).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(A).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of memory at the effective address and Register A are compared bit by bit. Register A will contain a one where corresponding bits in both register A and the memory word are one's. The result remains in A.

Register affected: A

Timing: 2 cycles

Ora (51) or (Merge) Memory with A

(a).sub.0.sub.-23 v (ea).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(a).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of the memory at the effective address and Register A are compared bit by bit. Register A will contain a one in bit positions corresponding to those in which either Register A or the memory word contain a one. The result remains in A.

Register affected: A

Timing: 2 cycles

Era (52) exclusive-Or Memory with A

(a).sub.0.sub.-23 .sym. (ea).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(a).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of the memory location at the effective address and Register A are compared bit by bit. Register A will contain a one where either register A or the memory word, but not both, contain a one in corresponding bit positions. The result remains in A.

Registers affected: A

Timing: 2 cycles

Half Word Logicals (HWL)

This is an extended operation provided for half word immediate logical operation on Register A. Three bits (12, 13 and 14) of the effective address field are used to specify the following logical operations.

Timing: 1 cycle, 2 if Indexed.

Anl (.phi.3.phi.) and Left (A).sub.i.sub.+12 .sup.. EA.sub.i .fwdarw.(A).sub.i.sub.+12 ; 11 .gtoreq. i .gtoreq. 0

The effective address bits 0-11 are compared bit by bit with register A bits 12-23. Register A bits 12-23 will contain a one where corresponding bits in both register A and the effective address contain a one.

Register affected: A

anr (.phi.31) and Right (A).sub.i.sup.. EA.sub.i .fwdarw.(A).sub.i ; 11 .gtoreq. i .gtoreq. 0

The effective address bits 0-11 are compared bit by bit with register A bits 0-11. Register A bits 0-11 will contain a one where corresponding bits in both Register A and the effective address contain a one.

Register affected: A

orl (.phi.32) or Left (A).sub.i.sub.+12 V EA.sub.i .fwdarw.(A).sub.i.sub.+12 ; 11 .gtoreq. i .gtoreq. 0

The effective address bits 0-11 are compared bit by bit with Register A bit 12-23. Register A will contain a one where corresponding bits in either effective address bits 0-11 or register A bits 12-23 contain a one.

Register affected: A

Orr (.phi.33) or Right (A) V EA.sub.i .fwdarw.(A).sub.i 11 .gtoreq. i .gtoreq. 0

The effective address bits 0-11 are compared bit by bit with Register A bit 0-11. Register A will contain a one where corresponding bits in either the effective address bits 0-11 or Register A bits 0-11 contain a one.

Register affected: A

Erl (.phi.36) exclusive Or Left

(A).sub.i.sub.+12 .sym. EA.fwdarw.(A).sub.i.sub.+12 ; 11 .gtoreq. i .gtoreq. 0

The effective address bits 0-11 are compared bit by bit with register A bits 12-23. Reigster A will contain a one where corresponding bits in either the effective address bits 0-11 or Register A bits 12-23, but not both, contain a one.

Register affected: A

Err (037) exclusive Or Right

(A).sub.i .sym. EA.sub.i .fwdarw.(A).sub.i ; 11 .gtoreq. i .gtoreq. 0

The effective address bits 0-11 are compared bit by bit with Register A bits 0-11. Register A will contain a one where corresponding bits in either the effective address bits O-11 or Register A bits 0-11 but not both, contain a one.

Register affected: A

Adl (034) add Immediate Left

Ea.sub.0.sub.-11 + (a).sub.12.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(a).sub.12.sub.-23

the effective address bits 0-11 are added to register A bits 12-23. Register A bits 0-11 are not affected. Overflow and carry indicators are not affected.

Register affected: A

Adr (035) add Immediate Right

Ea.sub.0.sub.-11 + (a).sub.0.sub.-11 .fwdarw.(a).sub.0.sub.-11

the effective address bits 0-11 are added to register A bits 0-11. Register A bits 12-23 are not affected. Overflow and carry indicators are not affected.

Register affected: A

1.2.9 program Control Group

Hlt (67) halt EA.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.PC

processing this instruction will cause the central processor to stop. If the processor is on-line, a timer, after a delay of 1 microsecond, will cause the processor to run. If not on-line, then a signal from the computer programming console or the computer third party, will be required before the processor can start.

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Xec (47) execute

The instruction at the effective address will be executed. The next instruction will be taken from the location specified by the program counter. Thus, a branch or a skip could change the program counter. The instruction at the effective address may be indexable or indirectly addressable.

Register affected: Refer to appropriate instruction being executed.

Timing: 1 cycle plus Execution Time of Instruction

1.2.10 Input/Output Group

Sel (05) select Input Output Operation

The effective address is interpreted to select an input/ output Channel Controller, Peripheral Adapter device and function at the device for subsequent data transfer operations. Bit 14 of the effective address is used to arm the Channel Ready Interrupt. A Channel Controller disconnect function will disarm the interrupt. The Priority Interrupt System will be disabled for one instruction execution time. This instruction is also used in selecting third party functions.

Register affected: None

Timing: 1 cycle

Cpd (17) control Pulse Directive

The effective address of this instruction is interpreted by external functions as follows: ##SPC22##

Register affected: None

timing: 1 cycle

See Section 8.5 for CPD explanation.

Cca character Copy I/O Register A (33)

This is an extended operation provided for versatile input and output word assembly and disassembly under program control. Three bits (12, 13, and 14) of the effective address are interpreted as an operation code extension field to determine register format control. The N field is used in a manner similar to the shift instructions to determine the number of binary positions for rotation. This instruction is not indexable.

Cco character Copy Output

(33.phi..phi..phi..phi.6)

Rotate Register A left six binary digit positions

(N = 6) and copy bits 0-5 to the output channel.

(331 .phi..phi.1.phi.)

Rotate Register A left eight binary digit positions

(N - 10.sub.8 ) and copy bits 0-7 to the output channel.

(332 .phi..phi.14)

Rotate Register A left twelve binary digit positions

(N = 14.sub.8) and copy 0-11 to the output channel.

(333.phi..phi..phi..phi.)

Copy Register A bits 0-23 to the output channel.

Cci character Copy Input

(334 .phi..phi..phi.6)

Rotate Register A left 6 binary digit positions (N = 6)

and copy bits 0-5 of the input channel into bits 0-5

of Register A.

(335.phi..phi.1.phi.)

rotate Register A left 8 binary digit positions

(N = 10.sub.8) and copy bits 0-7 of the input channel into

bits 0-7 of Register A.

(336.phi..phi.14)

rotate register A left twelve binary digit positions

(N = 14.sub.8) and copy bits 0-11 of the input channel into

bits 0-11 of Register A.

(337 .phi..phi..phi..phi.)

copy bits 0-23 of the input channel into bits 0-23

of Register A.

Register affected: A

Timing: N + 7/4 cycles

1.2.11 Transfer and Exchange Group

Xam (53) exchange Register A and Memory

(EA).sub.0.sub.-23 .fwdarw.(A).sub.0.sub.-23

the contents of memory at the effective address are exchanged with the contents of Register A.

Register affected: A

Timing: 3 cycles

Rtr (36x) register to Register

This is a non-indexable extended operation provided for operations between registers. Three bits (12, 13, and 14) of the effective address field are interpreted as an operation code extension (OPE) field. The instruction word format for this instruction is as follows: Single cycle. ##SPC23##

Crr copy Register to Register

Ope 000 (so) .fwdarw.(sk)

copy selected source register into sink register Source register in uneffected. Multiple sources selection results in logical "OR" copies. Multiple sink selection results in simultaneous copy to all selected registers.

Ccr copy then Clear Register

Ope 001 (so).fwdarw.(sk); 0.fwdarw.(so)

copy selected source register to sink register. Source register is cleared to zeros except PC which remains unaffected. Multiple source selection results in a logical "OR" copies and cleared. Multiple sink selection is allowed.

Exr exchange Registers

Ope 010 (so) (sk); (sk) (so)

exchange selected source register with selected sink register. Multiple selection of source or sink will result in logical "OR" of source or sink registers participating in the exchange For exchange involving a small register and a large register, non-corresponding bits are zeroed or lost as the case may be.

______________________________________ Bit 0 Reg A is the Sink 1 Reg Q is the Sink 2 Reg X1 is the Sink 3 Reg X2 is the Sink 4 Reg X3 is the Sink 5 Reg Diag is the Source 6 Reg A is the Source 7 Reg Q is the Source 8 Reg X1 is the Source 9 Reg X2 is the Source 10 Reg X3 is the Source 11 Reg PC and PR is the Source ______________________________________

See section 8.2 for register to register operation map.

Section 1.3 address Modification

Address modification in the No. 1 EAX computer is accomplished by: Indexing, Indirect Addressing, Paging.

Indexing and Indirect addressing operate directly with the operand portion of the instruction.

Indirect addressing in specific instructions operates also on the Page Register.

Paging operates only on the Page Register.

Indexing and indirect addressing are operators to an instruction while paging in an instruction itself. Indexing and indirect addressing can be used by themselves or in combination. If both are specified, indexing is done first and then indirect addressing. The instructions upon which the address modification is performed is retained in memory in its unaltered form.

1.3.1 Address Modification Using Index Registers

Three hardware index registers are provided in the basic standard mainframe for address modification. Any of the three registers (X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3) can be specified by the programmer by encoding the appropriate bits in the tag field of the instruction. The instruction is then executed as if its address field contained the specified address of the instructions plus the contents of the index register (additive indexing).

EXAMPLE

Instruction = ADD 47631,2 (Note: 2 specifies index register No. 2)

Contents of X.sub.2 = 00135

Address of Data = 47766

Address modification is accomplished by using binary radix complement (2's complement) arithmetic modulo 2.sup.15. The algorithm may be stated as follows:

EA = (Y + X.sub.n) modulo 2.sup.15 EA = Effective Address Y = Specified Instruction Address X.sub.n = Specified Index Register

A powerful set of instructions is provided for index register modification. These instructions operate on the index registers using 2's complement arithmetic modulo 2.sup.14. Thus, the index registers may be incremented or decremented and tested for terminal condition by examination of the highest order bit. The incrementing and decrementing operations may be explained as follows:

1. Index register in "positive" range -- Index register may be incremented or decremented and terminal test is for a "one" in the 15th bit position (negative index).

2. Index Register in the "negative" number range. -- Index register may be incremented or decremented in this range and the terminal test is for a "zero" in the 15th bit position (positive index).

This method of indexing allows the programmer complete flexibility in his choice of address manipulation.

Literal Add (ADX) and Subtract (SBX) operations on the specified index registers, coupled with individual conditional Branch instructions provide yet another degree of programming freedom.

Programming flexibility is further enhanced by the provision of literal clear and subtract index (CSX) and the clear and add index (CAX) instructions. By the use of these instructions, an index register is easily initialized. The literal index operator instructions are unique in the use of the indirect reference bit. These instructions are normally used to load the index register directly from the operand field of the instruction, however, if the indirect addressing bit is set, the index register is loaded from memory at an effective address specified by the address field of the instruction.

Register transfer instructions (RTR) provide the capability of transferring the index registers to any other operating register and conversely, from the operating registers to the index registers.

1.3.2 Indirect Addressing

The concept of providing alternatives for addressing is extended by the use of indirect addressing. In very much the same manner as the index registers are specified by 2 bits in the tag field, indirect addressing also is specified by a separate bit in the tag field; thus allowing an instruction to have index modification and indirect addressing by a single tag field specification.

If an instruction operation calls for an operand to be retrieved from memory, and if that same instruction has its indirect addressing tag bit set, the address field of the instruction after modification by the indexing operations refers to the memory location at which the address of the operand will be found. Further, if that location also has the indirect tag bit set, the contents of that location after modification by indexing, is interpreted as the address at which the address of the operand will be found. Thus, the indirect addressing and indexing process is iterative. Instruction execution time is increased by one cycle for each level of indirect addressing. The following example will further illustrate the concept of indirect addressing (*will be used to indicate the indirect address tag field bit):

LOCATION CONTENTS REMARKS ______________________________________ 00345 *ANA 43217 Instruction to be executed. 43217 * 0037416 Location of next indirect address. 37416 00037500 Location of operand address. 37500 77777777 Operand location. ______________________________________

1.3. Paging

In order to increase the memory addressing capabilities of the Central Processor beyond the 32K of directly-addressable core memory that is possible with its 15 bit address field, a paging technique is employed. A page consists of no more than 32K of core memory. No more than 4 pages are to be implemented under present design. This limits the size of core memory to 131K. To implement paging, a page register, a last page reference, and paging instructions are described as follows.

1.3.3.1 The Page Register will be a six-bit storage register:

The Page Register is sectioned into three fields:

a. The DATA FIELD is bits 4 and 5,

b. The BRANCH FIELD is bits 2 and 3.

c. The INSTRUCTION FIELD is bits 0 and 1.

The format for the Page Register is as follows: ##SPC24##

1.3.3.2 Last Page Reference

The Last Page Reference is a four-bit storage register, sectioned into two two-bit fields, called the LAST DATA FIELD, and the LAST INSTRUCTION FIELD.

The format for the Last Page Reference is as follows: ##SPC25##

The LAST DATA FIELD is loaded during every Cycle One, Level Two, except when a trap occurs. The LAST DATA FIELD is loaded from the DATA FIELD of the Page Register.

The LAST INSTRUCTION FIELD is loaded during every Cycle One, Level Two (except when a trap occurs), from the INSTRUCTION FIELD of the Page Register.

1.3.3.3 The Paging instructions are as follows:

LOAD PAGE REGISTER GROUP (66)

(Not indexable)

This is an extended operation, provided for the loading of the Page Register.

The effective address field, bits 12 and 13, is used to specify which field of the Page Register is to be loaded. Bit 14 of the effective address is used to specify a transfer of INSTRUCTION FIELD information bits into the DATA FIELD.

Bits 0, 1, 3, and 4 of the operand will specify the page number to be loaded into the selected field, except during a transfer of the INSTRUCTION FIELD into the DATA FIELD. In this latter case bits 0, 1, 3 and 4 are ignored.

Simultaneous selection of the extended OP codes is allowed. E.g. 06630011 will load both the BRANCH FIELD and the DATA FIELD of the Page Register with page 01.

This is a single-cycle instruction.

Interrupts will be ignored during this instruction.

(Refer to Section 1.5.2.2)

Lpd (661): load data field ea.sub.3,4 .fwdarw.(pr).sub.4,5

(not Indexable)

The effective address, bits 3 and 4, is loaded directly and respectively into bits 4 and 5 of the Page Register (DATA FIELD).

Register affected: Page Register

Timing: 1 cycle

Lpb (662): load branch field ea.sub.0,1 .fwdarw.(pr).sub.2,3

(not Indexable)

The effective address, bits 0 and 1, is loaded directly and respectively into bits 2 and 3 of the Page Register (BRANCH FIELD).

Register affected: Page Register

Timing: 1 cycle

Lpdb (663): load data and branch field ea.sub.3,4 & 0,1 .fwdarw.(pr).sub.4,5 & 2,3

(not Indexable)

The effective address, bits 3, 4, 0 and 1 is loaded directly and respectively into bits 4, 5 (DATA FIELD) and 2, 3 (BRANCH FIELD) of the Page Register.

Register affected: Page Register

Timing: 1 cycle

Tid (664): transfer instruction field to data field

(not indexable) (PR).sub.0,1 .fwdarw.(PR).sub.4,5

this instruction will allow referencing data storage within the instruction storage references of the running program.

Register affected: Page Register

Timing: 1 cycle

Rtn (10)..return ea.sub.0.sub.-14 .fwdarw.(pc)

(indexable)

This instruction is an unconditional branch, the same as BUN with the following exception:

When RTN is processed indirect, bits 15 thru 18 of the indirect location will be loaded into the BRANCH FIELD and the DATA FIELD of the Page Register, bits 2 through 5 respectively.

Brr (16) branch return reset

when this instruction is processed indirect it will load bits 15 thru 18 of the indirect location into the branch field and the data field, bits 2 thru 5 respectively, of the Page Register. (Refer to instruction set section 1.2 for further information on this instruction).

Bsp (62) branch and store program linkage

bsp will store the LAST DATA FIELD and the LAST INSTRUCTION FIELD of the Last Page Reference Register into bits 18 and 17 and bits 16 and 15 of the location referenced by the operand. Bits 0 through 14 therefore, contain the Last Program Count Register (LPC); bits 15 and 16 contain the LAST INSTRUCTION FIELD: and bits 17 and 18 contain the LAST DATA FIELD. Bits 19 and 20 will contain the carry and overflow indicators.

When processed indirect, BSP will inhibit loading of address bits 15 and 16 onto the Address Bus, thus forcing the memory reference to page 00. The data word read from the indirect location is stored in the processor's logic and appears at the output of the Adder. Adder bits 15 and 16 are loaded into the BRANCH FIELD of the Page Register. The BRANCH FIELD becomes the address source and specifies the page where the Last Page Reference Register and Last Program Count Register is to be stored.

The Exact location within that page is specified by the "S" register. After storage of the information, the Adder output, bits 17 and 18, are loaded into the DATA FIELD of the Page Register, and the BRANCH FIELD is transferred to the INSTRUCTION FIELD of the Page Register.

Rtr.. register-to-register transfer

the Page Register will become a source whenever the Program Counter becomes a source. Thus when used in this way with Register A or Register Q, the address plus the six bits of the Page Register can be transferred to these programmable registers so that the Page Register can be interrogated for maintenance purposes. PRO-5 to (A+Q) 15-20.

1.3.3.4

the Address bus of the Central Processor contains the 15 bits of the "S" register or the program counter, depending whether a data reference or an instruction reference is in process, and two bits from the output of the Page Register. These two bits, (15 and 16) are the controlled "OR"(ed) output of the DATA FIELD, BRANCH FIELD and INSTRUCTION FIELD of the Page Register.

1.3.3.5

Definition of DATA AND INSTRUCTION storage

1.3.3.5.1

DATA storage is defined as those locations of memory where references are made for the purpose of:

1.3.3.5.1.1

Loading information into programmable registers Instructions that do this are: ADD (40), SUB (41), MUL (42), DIV (43), CSA (56), LDA (54), LDQ (64), ANA (50), ORA (51), ERA (52), XAM (53), PRA (60).

1.3.3.5.1.2

modifying locations: Instructions that do this are: AOM (44), SOM (45), ADM (46), STX (26), RPA (57), STA (55), STQ (65), STC (75).

1.3.3.5.1.3

executing an instruction out of sequence with the running program. Such an instruction is XEC (47).

1.3.3.5.1.4

comparing such storage. Instructions that do this are SMNT (70), SMNZ (71), SANE (72), SANG (73), SAMQ (76), SMNN (77).

1.3.3.5.1.5

distributing data to the input-output path. Instructions that do this are LDC (74) and PAR (61).

1.3.3.5.1.6

modifying the address or operand of any instruction, except BUN (11), BSP (62), HLT (67) and RTN (10), BRR (16).

1.3.3.5.2

instruction storage is defined as those locations of memory where references are made for the purpose of:

1.3.3.5.2.1

Obtaining the next instruction to be processed, except XEC (47)

1.3.3.5.2.2

modifying the address of a BUN (11), HLT (67), RTN (10), BRR (16) instruction.

1.3.3.5.2.3

Storing the Last Page Register and LPC (Last Program Count) Register, and then branching to the following location, where the storage took place. The instruction that does this is a BSP (62). In this case the BRANCH FIELD will be the page source.

1.3.3.6

Address Modification

1.3.3.6.1

Indexing is accomplished over the 15-bit operand field of the instruction. Indexing will not be extended to the Page Register. Thus, if indexing modifies the operand beyond the 15-bit capacity, a "wrap-around" effect will occur within the page referenced.

1.3.3.6.2

Indirect modification of the operand of an instruction will be via the DATA FIELD of the Page Register, except in the BRR, BUN, HLT, and RTN instructions. These instructions will use the Instruction Field as memory references. An additional exception will be the BSP instruction. BSP indirect will inhibit the output of the Page Register, forcing the indirect reference to page .phi..phi.. The location referenced will point to the page and location where the Last Page Reference Register and LPC are to be stored. During the BSP instruction the Page Reference Register LAST DATA FIELD and LAST INSTRUCTION FIELD are stored at the location specified, and the Page Register is loaded with the data and branch information that was stored in the indirect reference.

1.3.3.7

Features of Page Register and Last Page Reference Register Operation

1.3.3.7.1

Whenever any branch instruction is executed, the BRANCH FIELD of the Page Register will transfer its contents into the INSTRUCTION FIELD.

1.3.3.7.2

during data storage references, the DATA FIELD of the Page Register will be gated onto the Address Bus of the CCP.

1.3.3.7.3

during instruction storage references, the INSTRUCTION FIELD of the Page Register will be gated onto the Address Bus of the CCP, except during the BSP instruction. For this instruction the BRANCH FIELD is used as the page source.

1.3.3.7.4

During each Cycle One, Level Two, Pulse Three, the LAST DATA FIELD and the LAST INSTRUCTION FIELD of the Last Page Reference Register will be loaded from the DATA FIELD and INSTRUCTION of the Page Register, except when a trap occurs. 1.3.3.8 Example of Page Register Operation

Page 00 ______________________________________ LOCATION MACHINE LANGUAGE ASSEMBLER LANGUAGE ______________________________________ 00100 00000104 A NDS 00000000+E 00101 00102 00103 00104 00100106 E NDS 00105 06610010 LPD 01 00106 05400112 LDA K 00107 41000104 RTN*E (=RTN G) 00110 00111 00000005 NDS 05 00112 05400111 L NDS 05400111 ______________________________________

Contents of Page 01 ______________________________________ LOCATION MACHINE LANGUAGE ASSEMBLER LANGUAGE ______________________________________ 00100 06200102 A BSP C 00101 01100105 B BUN F 00102 00100101 C NDS 00103 04700112 D XEC L 00104 41000102 E RTN*C (=RTN B) 00105 46200100 F BSP*A (=BSP E) 00106 41100112 G BUN*K (-BUN J) 00107 00110 00111 06700111 J HLT $ 00112 00000111 K NDS 0111 ______________________________________

Initial Conditions for the Example

The initial condition of the Page Register is DATA FIELD = 00, BRANCH FIELD = 01, INSTRUCTION FIELD = 01, and the Program Counter of the CCP = 00100.

This initial condition allows the processing of the instruction located in page 01, address 00100. The BSP to location C references instruction storage. The BRANCH FIELD of the Page Register indicates the page in which location C resides. The BSP instruction will store contents of the DATA FIELD and the INSTRUCTION FIELD of the Page Register into location C (Bits 18 thru 15). Condition of the Page Register after this instruction is: ##SPC26##

Since the INSTRUCTION FIELD of the Page Register is set to 01, and the Program Counter of the CCP now equals 00103, the next instruction to be processed will be XEC. XEC references data storage and since the DATA FIELD of the Page Register is set to 00, the data in location L (00112) in page 00, will be processed as an instruction, and will in this case, load Register A of the CCP from location 00111 in page 00. This is because the LDA instruction references data storage and the DATA Field still is set to 00. Condition of the Page Register after this instruction is: ##SPC27##

The INSTRUCTION FIELD is at 01 and the Program Counter of the CCP is at 00104, therefore the next instruction to be processed resides in page 01 location 00102. RTN*C references instruction storage. Location C (00102) is in page 01 as indicated by the INSTRUCTION FIELD of the Page Register, and contains the return location (00101) and the stored DATA FIELD and INSTRUCTION FIELD. The stored values for DATA FIELD and INSTRUCTION FIELD are loaded respectively into the DATA FIELD and the BRANCH FIELD of the Page Register. The BRANCH FIELD's contents are then transferred into the INSTRUCTION FIELD, so that the return can be complete. Condition of the Page Register after this instruction is: ##SPC28##

The Progam Counter of the CCP now reads 00101, and the INSTRUCTION FIELD of the Page Register reads 01. The next instruction is read from page 01, location 00101. The BUN F is processed as an instruction storage. No changes are made to the Page Register and the next instruction is read from Page 01, location F (00105).

The instruction BSP*A inhibits the output of the Page Register, so that location A (00100) in page 00 will be referenced. The BSP instruction will temporarily store not only bits 9 through 14 of the referenced location, but also, bits 15 through 18. These bits will contain information for the BRANCH FIELD and the DATA FIELD of the Page Register respectively. Before loading the information into the Page Register, however, the DATA FIELD and the INSTRUCTION FIELD contents of the Page Register will be stored. After storage, the Page Register will be loaded, and then the BRANCH FIELD will transfer its contents to the INSTRUCTION FIELD. Processing of the instruction has now changed the Page Register so that the INSTRUCTION FIELD is now 00 or pointed to page 00. The next instruction therefore will be read out of Page 00, location 00105. These changes in the Page Register occur during the BSP* instruction: ##SPC29##

The next instruction to be processed is in Page 00, location 00105. An LPD (Load Data Field) instruction is inserted at this point, because the next instruction to be processed references data storage in page 01. (LDA K requires data from page 01 location K (00112). The LPD 01 will load the Page Register's DATA FIELD = 01. There will be no change in the other fields. The next instruction processed, then, would be the LDA K. Since LDA K references data storage and the DATA FIELD is equal to 01, Register A will be loaded with 00000111. Since the next instruction to be processed, RTN*E, does not use the DATA FIELD for memory references, and since the RTN*E will pick up new DATA FIELD information, it is not necessary to use a LPD to alter the DATA FIELD of the Page Register.

RTN*E references instruction storage. Location E (00104) is in page 00 as indicated by the INSTRUCTION FIELD of the Page Register. This storage contains the return location (00106) and the stored DATA FIELD and INSTRUCTION FIELD. The stored DATA FIELD and INSTRUCTION FIELD are loaded into the DATA FIELD and BRANCH FIELD of the Page Register. The BRANCH FIELD contents are then transferred into the INSTRUCTION FIELD, so that the return can be complete.

Conditions of the Page Register during this instruction are: ##SPC30##

The INSTRUCTION FIELD points to page 01 and the Program Counter of the CCP reads 00106. The BUN*K references instruction storage and goes to location K, (00112) in page 01 for the address where the next instruction resides. The Page Register is not changed at this time. Condition of the Page Register after this instruction is: ##SPC31##

Page 01 and location 00111 hold the instruction HLT $. This is an instruction storage reference. The address of the next instruction is in Page 01, location 00111. No change to the Page Register.

1.4 ARITHMETIC

The Computer performs binary, fixed point, arithmetic computations on basic single precision (24 bits) data words. For certain arithmetic operations, (e.g. MUL. DIV. SHIFT) register Q is provided for some degree of extended precision. The extended register Q facilitates double precision operations but it is emphasized that the basic accumulation of an arithmetic process is single precision only. Extensive shifting and exchange operations on registers A and Q are provided to simplify programmed multiple precision subroutines. Extended precision is provided for multiply operations in that the product of two single precision numbers can result in a double precision product which in turn appears in registers A and Q as if they were a single register. Division on the other hand, is basically an inverse of multiplication and register A-Q is now used for a double precision divident; the resultant remainder appears in register Q and the quotient in register A.

Negative numbers are represented in 2's complement form. The arithmetic shifting operations are consistent with this notation ##SPC32##

An overflow indicator is provided for the following:

a. a Sum or a difference (resulting from ADD, ADI, SUB or SBI operations) that cannot be contained within the A register.

b. A Division operation which would result in a quotient exceeding the capacity of the A register (Division by zero is a special case resulting in a trap level 2)

c. The results of arithmetic left shift operations (SAL, LSL,) which would exceed the number range of the original data words (for example a negative number that is shifted into a positive number range).

A CAR storage element is set whenever a carry out of bit 23 of the adder is true during an ADD, SUB ADI or SBI instruction. The storage element is reset when a carry is not true out of bit 23 of the adder during an ADD, SUB, ADI or SBI instruction.

The CAR storage element is also set during a BRR instruction indirect, if the indirect location contained bit 19 true.

Section 1.5 priority Interrupt and Sense Line System

1.5.1 Introduction

The Computer Central Processor is equipped, with a real time, priority Interrupt and Sense Line System, to handle external requests and abnormal conditions.

All external signals that require immediate service are assigned to one of the eight levels of interrupt priority. Each of these signals are also assigned to a unique Sense Line as are other external signals not requiring immediate attention. Some internal indicators of the Central Processor are also assigned to Sense Lines.

1.5.2 Interrupt System

1.5.2.1 Description

There are eight levels of Interrupt. Priority is hard wired and the highest level is assigned to Interrupt One, the next highest level of priority is assigned to Interrupt No. two and so on down to the lowest level which is assigned to Interrupt No. eight.

The Interrupt System is scanned each instruction cycle to see if a signal, with a higher priority than the program running, requires servicing. If such a signal exists the Central Processor is forced to execute an instruction from the dedicated location of the interrupt involved. If linkage to the interrupt program is to be saved a BSP instruction should reside in the dedicated location. After processing the signal, the use of a BRR instruction indirect will take you back into the program where the interrupt occurred, and into the next sequence of instructions. The BRR will have also reset the highest Active Interrupt.

1.5.2.2 Interrupt Control: Enable and Disable

There are two control instructions which allow the programmer to exercise some influence over the interrupt system. The enable Interrupt (ENI) is provided to allow interrupts to break into the running program. The disable interrupt (DSI) is provided, so that the running program will not be bothered with an Interrupt Break.

Certain instructions will ignore interrupt requests during their process time. This will enable at least one more instruction to be processed before being forced to an interrupt address. These instructions are the, BSP (Branch and Store Last Program Count), thus protecting the loss of its re-entry capability. ENI (enable Interrupts), thus allowing programming to enable the interrupts, and to process at least one more instruction without interrupt. LDQ (Load Register Q), thus allowing the program time to process a sense line instruction (SSNT or LSGA) for the purpose of interrogating the sense line indication of the 25th bit of the memory location referenced by the LDQ. An interrupt between the processing of these two instructions can lose the indication. LPR (Load Page Register), thus allowing the Last Page Register to reflect the updated Page Register and maintain correct linkage. SEL (Select an I/O Channel or Third Party), thus allowing a subsequent data transfer.

1.5.2.3 Priority Interrupt Assignments to levels and their unique Sense Lines (See Section 8.4).

1.5.2.4 Priority Interrupt Operation

Any given priority interrupt level may be in one of three states: Inactive, Wait, Active.

The inactive state is completely neutral; no interrupts are awaiting service and none are being serviced.

The wait state stores the fact that an external signal requires servicing. The wait state will persist until all higher level interrupts which are waiting or are active, have been processed. When all higher level interrupts have been serviced the wait condition will be transferred to the active state.

The active state indicates that the Central Processor has recognized that level of interrupt, has caused an automatic transfer to the levels dedicated location and is being processed. Interruptions by higher level interrupts, or traps will not change this state, but will defer the completion of the processing associated with it. The active state is reset by the execution of a BRR instruction when no other interrupt of higher priority is active.

Disabling the Interrupt system does not affect the state of any level. New signals will be allowed into wait states, Active interrupts could be reset with BRR instructions. During a Disable period no interrupt breaks will be formed.

The active state of each level can be interrogated via the Sense Line group 52 the individual assignments are as follows:

64001 INTERRUPT 1 ACTIVE

64002 interrupt 2 active

64004 interrupt 3 active

64010 interrupt 4 active

64020 interrupt 5 active

64040 interrupt 6 active

64100 interrupt 7 active

64200 interrupt 8 active

1.5.3 sense Line System

1.5.3.1 Description

Certain conditions within the Central Processor and within the subsystems external to the Central Processor must be available for immediate decision making. The Sense Line system is the concentration point of these signals and its output is controlled by the Two Sense Line Instructions SSNT (Skip Sense Line not true) and LSGA (Load Sense Group into Register A).

These two instructions present the following format: ##SPC33##

The tag field is for indirect addressing or indexing as explained in section 1.3. Both SSNT and LSGA, instrucions can be indexed and are capable of indirect addressing.

The op code field specifies the instruction.

The octal numeral representation for LSGA is 06.

The octal numeral representation for SSNT is 07.

The group specifies one of a possible 128 sense groups. Each group contains 8 Sense Lines. All groups are not implemented. Some groups are specified for maintenance use, others are for furture expansion.

The group field, (numeral representation,) by nature of it's bit position in the instruction follows the sequence (000, 010, 020, . . . , 760, 770, 004, 014, 024, . . . , 764, 774). Each group is assigned a decimal numeral. The decimal numeral is not directly translatable to the octal representation of it's associated group, however a translation is obtainable by the following algorithm.

1. Convert the decimal to three octal digits.

2. Rotate answer left one octal digit.

3. Multiply the right most digit by 4.

Examples

decimal 52 converts to octal 064

rotate left one equals 640

multiply right most digit by 4 equals 640

decimal 71 converts to octal 107

rotate left one equals 071

multiply right most digit by 4 equals 074

The Sense Line Field is useful only with the SSNT instruction. During the SSNT instruction the 8 bits of the field are used as a mask, to indicate which of the sense lines, are to be tested. The LSGA instruction ignores the Sense Line Field.

1.5.3.2 Operation

When the condition of a sense line is required, a SSNT or a LSGA instruction must be used. The SSNT instruction, via its group field, selects a group of 8 sense lines and signals the sense line system to invert their output. The mask of the SSNT instruction is then "and" (ed) with the eight sense lines, and the results checked.

If the results are all zeros, then the Sense lines that were true corresponded with bits of the mask that were true. No action will take place and the program will proceed to the next instruction.

If the result is not zero then the masked and true bits of the sense lines did not match and the program counter will be incremented by one. This will result in the program skipping the next sequential instruction.

The LSGA instruction like the SSNT instruction selects a group of eight sense lines, however, it does not want the 8 lines inverted. Instead it loads the eight lines, as is, into the "A" register of the Central Processor. The eight lines can then be processed in whatever manner the program chooses.

1.5.3.3 Sense Line Assignments

As stated previously Sense lines are assigned to groups, and that certain groups are specified for maintenance. The reason for the maintenance assignment is for routining Sense Group Cards (See section 1.5.4).

The assignments of all implemented signals are as follows:

Maintenance Groups

______________________________________ NUMERIC REPRESENTATION DECIMAL OCTAL ______________________________________ 0 000 8 100 16 200 24 300 32 400 40 500 48 600 56 700 64 004 72 104 80 204 88 304 96 404 104 504 112 604 120 704 ______________________________________

1.5.4 maintenance

1.5.4.1 Tools (Hardware and Software)

For efficiency in routining, 16 CPD instructions were implemented for the Computer Line Processor system.

The CPD instruction for the CLP has the following format. ##SPC34##

The tag field defines address modification (Indexing and indirect addressing are allowed).

The Directive field and a description is as follows. (Octal representation).

000 -- LOCKOUT ALL EXTERNAL SIGNALS

Inhibits all external signals from entering system.

001 -- RESET LOCKOUT

002 -- set test signals true

this simulates a true condition on all external signals that normally enter the system. It does not simulate the signals from the CCP.

003 -- set test signals false

this simulates a false condition on all external signals that normally enter the system. It does not simulate the signals from the CCP.

004 -- reset: control signal errors, pseudo clp cpd signals, gate group signals and gate card signals.

control Signals Errors are:

Cpd clp err 1 sense line 04420

cpd clp err 2 sense line 04440

sync err 1 sense line 04404

sync err 2 sense line 04410

cls cont err 1 sense line 04500

cls cont err 2 sense line 04600

005 -- cls clear:

this signal clears all Sync Hold Storage Elements.

006 -- INHIBIT IS SYNC 1

This CPD will not allow a sync pulse into unit 1 of the CLP. The affect will be a CLS CONT ERR 1 and 2 (sense lines 04500 & 04600).

007 -- INHIBIT IS SYNC 2

This CPD will not allow a sync pulse into unit 2 of the CLP. The affect will be a CLS CONT ERR 2 and 1. (sense lines 04600 & 04500).

010 -- PSEUDO IS SYNC 1 (from CCPA)

This CPD will extend the normally 100 nanosecond IS Sync Pulse into a 500 nanosecond pulse. This will simulate a stuck true condition. The affect will be a SYNC ERR 2 (SENSE LINE 04410) and an inhibit of the IS SYNC 1 signal.

011 -- PSEUDO IS SYNC 2 (from CCPB)

This CPD will extend the normally 100 nanosecond IS SYNC Pulse into a 500 nanosecond pulse. This will simulate a stuck true condition. The affect will be SYNC 2 signal.

012 -- PSEUDO p1 1

This CPD will expand the normal 100 nanosecond P1, from CCPA, to 500 nanoseconds. This will result in a simulated stuck true condition for P1. The affect will be to set SYNC ERR 2 (sense line 04410). The possibility also exists that one or both of the CLS CONT ERR flops will set (sense lines 04500 and 04600).

014 -- SET PSEUDO CLP CPD 1

This storage element will provide a signal that will create a CPD CLP ERR 2 on the next non CPD instruction. It simulates a stuck true condition. The affect will inhibit the CLP CPD 1 signal.

015 -- SET PSEUDO CLP CPD 2

This storage element will provide a signal that will create a CPD CLP ERR 1 on the next non CPD instruction. It simulates a stuck true condition. The affect will inhibit the CLP CPD 2 signal.

016 -- GATE GROUPS

This CPD will set a storage element that will gate the decode of the 7 groups assigned to each card and card 9 onto the sense line bus for use by the CCP during an SSNT or LSGA instruction. The groups are to be selected during the selection of card 16 and card 9 is selected with group 1. This storage element is reset with 004.

017 -- GATE CARDS

This CPD will set a storage element that will gate the decode of the first 8 cards onto the sense line bus for use by the CCP during an SSNT or LSGA instruction. The cards are to be selected along with group 1. This storage element is reset with 004.

1.5.4.2 Operation

1.5.4.2.1 Routining of the Sense Line System requires either both CCP(s) on line or both CCP(s) off line. So that routining will not be interrupted the Interrupt System must be disabled, and all external signals locked out via CCP, 01, 0. A CPD, 01, 02 will place a true signal on all sense lines in all groups except the following Groups 1, 2, 52, 60, 67, 68, 69, 70 and 71. A true signal will be placed on lines 1 thru 6 of group 60, and on lines 1, 2 and 5 and 6 of group 67; by selecting each group via an LSGA or SSNT instruction it can be verified whether the intended result exist. After exercising as stated above the simulated signal can be set to a false condition (CPD, 01, 03) and again the results can be verified as above. Those Sense lines not included in the above test are to be routined individually.

1.5.4.2.2 Routining of the Interrupt System.

With the Interrupt System Disabled, the MIS Instruction RIW (reset interrupt waits) is executed along with 8 BRR (branch return reset) instructions to initialize the interrupt system. The external signals are locked out (CPD, 01, 00) and simulated to a true condition (CPD 01, 02). The MIS instruction ENI (enable interrupts) is executed. Only the Highest Priority level should request servicing. Upon acknowledging the request and with the issue of a BRR instruction the Highest level will be reset and the next highest will request service and this will continue until all interrupts have been serviced in succession. Any deviation indicates a fault, and this fault can be isolated and localized.

1.5.4.2.3 Routining of the Control Circuitry

The CLP receives its control signals from the duplicated CCP(S). The signals are "OR"(ed) together only when the two CCP(S) are on-line. When this condition does not exist then only the on line CCP(S) signals are used. A failure in three of these control signals at point where they are common to both halves of the CLP system could bring the system down therefore hardware to detect such an error is implemented. Hardware controlled by software (CPD instructions) has also been implemented to exercise the error detection circuitry. When such an error occurs (control signal fault) the error detection hardware will lock out the signal from bringing down the system and will set a storage element. A latent fault could also exist in the control signal IS sync within a CLP Power Module that would lock out all external signals to that half of the system. Hardware will detect such a fault and the hardware is exercised via a CPD instruction.

Test one would inhibit a sync pulse in one half of the system and then the other half. (CPD 01, 06 and CPD 01, 07) an error should occur in each instance (CLS CONT ERR 1 and CLS CONT ERR 2).

Test two would simulate the IS sync pulse stuck true first from one CCP and then the other (CPD 010 and CPD 011) in each case the storage elements SYNC ERR 1 and SYNC ERR 2 will be set.

Test three would set storage elements in both halves of the CLP. (CPD 01, 014; CPD 01, 015). These storage elements would simulate the CLP CPD signal stuck true and would be programmed such that first one would be set and tested and then the other. In each case subsequent instruction executions which were other than CPD would set the error storage elements. CPD CLP ERR1 and then CPD CLP ERR 2.

Test four would gate the group decode circuitry outputs on to the Sense Line Bus for monitoring. (CPD, 01, 016). This is necessary to catch a latent fault on the input to the decode circuitry. The use of an LSGA or SSNT instruction can then determine if the correct group is being selected and that only one group is being selected. Group 1 does not exist on a card. SL 1 = group 2; SL2 = group 3; SL3 = Group 4; SL4 = group 5; SL5 = group 6; SL6 = group 7; SL7 = group 8; SL8 = CARD 9.

Test five would gate the Card decode circuitry outputs on to the Sense line bus for monitoring. (CPD 01, 017) As in the case of the group decode, this method is used to catch a latent fault. The LSGA and SSNT instructions can determine if the correct card is being selected and that only one card is selected. SL1 = Card 1; SL2 = Card 2; CL3 = Card 3; SL4 = Card 4; SL5 = Card 5; SL6 = Card 6; SL7 = Card 7; SL8 = Card 8.

Card 9 was placed in group SENSE LINE 8. All faults in the system can be isolated with the tools provided.

The block diagram of FIG. 17 shows the interfacing of the computer line processor CLP with other subsystems for processing of sense line and interrupt signals, for a duplicated system. The computer line processor comprises duplicate units CLP-A and CLP-B. The principal inputs are data sense lines in cables designated DSL. The data sense lines from drum control units DCU-1, DCU-3 and DCU-5 are routed via computer memory control CMC-A to line processor CLP-A; while the data sense lines from drum control units DCU-2, DCU-4 and DCU-6 are routed via computer memory control CMC-B to line processor CLP-B. The data sense lines from the channel multiplex units CCX-A and CCX-B are routed to their respective line processor units CLP-B and CLP-B. The register-senders RS1-A and RS-1B have data sense lines to line processor CLP-A, while RS-1B and RS-2B data sense lines go to CLP-B. There are up to four pairs of originating markers OM-A1 to OM-A4 and OM-B1 to OM-B4. The terminating markers have a pair TM-A1 and TM-B1 for office section 1, a pair TM-A2 and TM-B2 for office section 2, and a pair TM-AS and TM-BS for a selector section. The data sense lines from the markers are cabled through the communication registers CCR-A and CCR-B as shown to the respective line processors CLP-A and CLP-B. There are also data sense lines from the computer central processors CCP-A and CCP-B to the respective line processors CLP-A and CLP-B. Control signal lines from the central processors CCP-A and CCP-B are supplied to the line processors CLP-A and CLP-B. There are also data sense lines from the maintenance routine logic MRL to both line processors CLP-A and CLP-B. The eight merged sense line leads SL.phi.-7 and address signals are supplied from the line processors CLP-A and CLP-B to the computer central processors CCP-A and CCP-B. Since the computer line processor receives many external signals, and many of these signals are required by the maintenance and control circuit, the specified signals are cabled directly to the maintenance display and control circuit MDC.

Section 1.6 Trap System of the Computer Central Processor

1.6.1 Introduction

The trap system for the Computer Central Processor was devised to handle those events that directly affect the internal operation of the Processor, and to facilitate recovery from programming errors There are two trap levels.

Trap level one third party trap

trap level two computer internal errors

1.6.2 traps: Description, Operation

1.6.2.1 Trap Level One (Third Party Trap)

1.6.2.1.1 Description:

Should a mismatch occur between the duplicated Central Processors, while they are in sync, a Third Trap signal will be initiated by the Third Party Circuitry.

This event is given the highest priority of any event associated with the Central Processor and is assigned to trap level one.

1.6.2.1.2 Operation:

When a Third Party Trap signal is initiated the Central Processor will allow the instruction in process to finish and then process the trap. The Central Processor's timing generator will proceed to cycle three where the trap address will be formed, and used, as an address source. Thus the next instruction read from memory will be located in the address specified. The address of where this trap occurred plus one has been stored in the Last Program count register and last page register. To Store this information a BSP (Branch and Store Last Program Count) instruction must reside in the trap address. No other trap can break in to a program while the Third Party Trap is true. However Interrupts can occur from the Interrupt system, unless a DSI (Disable Interrupt) Instruction is implemented as the first instruction in the trap program.

1.6.2.2 Trap Level Two (Computer Internal Error Trap)

1.6.2.2.1 Description:

Should one of the following events occur in one or both of the duplicated Central Processors, that Processor will initiate an error trap signal.

1.6.2.2.1.1 Instruction Even Parity Error is true when even parity is detected while reading a new instruction from memory.

1.6.2.2.1.2 Data Even Parity Error is true when even parity is detected during the transfer of data from main memory, the Register-Sender or the Channel Multiplexor.

1.6.2.2.1.3 Division by zero is true when during a division instruction the divisor is detected as being all zeros.

1.6.2.2.1.4 Invalid Operation Code is true when the decode of the Instruction operation field detects one of the following invalid Codes. 00; 27; 63.

1.6.2.2.1.5 Memory Reference Time Out is true when one of the memory reference signals remain true for more than 140 microseconds. Memory reference signals are Main Memory read, Main Memory Write; Register-Sender, Read or Register-Sender Write. Reason for failure is signal failure or lack of a feedback from the Main Memory or Register-Sender.

1.6.2.2.1.6 Port 7 error is true when the Central Processor attempts to access memory out of range, or when it attempts to write into "Read Only" memory.

1.6.2.2.2 Operation

When an error trap signal is initiated the Central Processor will abort the instruction in process, from the point of recognition. If a read or write signal to memory is true the abort will be delayed until the signals are removed.

The Central Processors timing generator will proceed to cycle three where the error trap address will be formed and used as the address source.

Note the error trap signal will be ignored if a Third Party trap signal is present.

The address of where this trap occurred plus one has been stored in the Last Program Count register and last page register. To store this information a BSP (Branch and Store Last Program Count) instruction must reside in the trap address.

Interrupts can occur from the interrupt system, unless a DSI (Disable Interrupt) instruction is implemented as the first instruction in the trap program.

The errors that caused the error trap signal as well as the error trap signal itself can be reset by a REI instruction or a master clear. An indication of which error caused the trap resides in the Sense Line system under groups 1 and 2. Refer to section 8.3 for Sense Line Assignments. Should an error signal that would usually initiate an error trap occur, while in the error trap program, the sense line associated with that signal will be the only indication of it being active. Unless, therefore, that signal is scanned after it becomes true, it is possible to lose it when an REI instruction is executed.

Section 1.7 memory protect system

1.7.1 introduction

the Program Protect System of the computer provides hardware protection for Computer Main Memory (CMM). The Program Protect System is activated by releasing the INHIBIT MEMORY PROTECT switch on the Maintenance Display and Control Panel (MDCF). All memory protection is disabled when the Inhibit Memory Protect pushbutton is operated.

Hardware in the Computer Memory Controller (CMC) allows four types of protection for the main memory. The four are: Switch-Protected Read Only Memory, Software- Protected Read Only Memory, Initialization Table Protection and Block Transfer Area (Non-Resident Area) Protection.

1.7.2 Switch-Protected Read Only Memory

This block of words in core may only be written into when the INHIBIT MEMORY PROTECT pushbutton on the MCC is operated (Inhibit position). Protection is in effect both for the Drum Control Units (DCU's) and the computer Central Processor (CCP), regardless of their status.

Bit 25 of each word in this block may be written into when the INHIBIT MEMORY PROTECT pushbutton on the MDCF is operated and the PCROM flip-flop is reset (CPD 012, 066). Bit 25 will be written true if the MIS instruction MPS (03700040) has set the Write Memory Protect Bit (WMPB) storage element. Bit 25 will be written False if the MIS instruction MPR (03700100) has reset the WMPB storage element.

Switch-Protected Read Only Memory is strappable to 512 or 1024 words and may start at location 0 or 512 but does not extend beyond location 1023.

1.7.3 Software-Protected Read Only Memory

Program protection of individual words is available via the 26th bit (Bit 25) of the word as written in core. This protection is in effect for the Central Processor only. Drum Control Units may overwrite Software-Protected Read Only Memory.

The Computer Maintenance Panel (PNL) or the Computer Programming Console (PRC) write through the Central Processor and therefore protection is in effect for these units. Software Protection, Bit 25 written True in core, may be applied to any location in core. Protection however is redundant in Switch-Protected Read Only Memory. A Software Read Only Memory Error will be generated when trying to write into a software-protected location in Switch-Protected Read Only Memory.

When the Program-Controlled Read Only Memory (PCROM) Active FF is set and the INHIBIT MEMORY PROTECT pushbutton has not been operated (Memory Protect System "ACTIVE" state) the Central Processor, PNL or PRC can write into all core locations except Switch Protected Read Only Memory. Bit 25 will be written into Core as a One if the WMPB flip-flop is set or as a Zero if WMPB flip-flop is reset. If the PCROM Active flip-flop is reset and INHIBIT MEMORY PROTECT pushbutton has been operated (Memory Protect System `INHIBITED` state) the CCP, PNL or PRC can write into any core location.

When the INHIBIT MEMORY PROTECT pushbutton has been operated (Memory Protect System "Inhibited" state) the CCP can write into any core location. However if the PCROM Active flip-flop is set and the Central Processor writes into core, Bit 25 in core will always be written as Zero regardless of the state of WMPB and correct parity will be provided by CMC.

The PCROM Active flip-flop is a S/R latch located in the Computer Memory Controller. The state of this latch is controlled by CPD instructions and can be interrogated via sense line. The PCROM Active latch is reset ("inactive state") by CLEAR.

1.7.4 initialization Table Protection

A 64-word block of main memory is dedicated to each DCU as its initialization table. When a DCU is being initialized (Init lead to CMC True) it may access only its own initialization table. Otherwise a DRUM TABLE ERROR occurs and write operation is aborted.

A DCU may write into another DCU's initialization table only when it is "privileged," i.e., its PT lead to the CMC is true.

In summary, a DCU may access only its own initialization table when it is in the initialization sequence and a DCU may not write outside of its own initialization table or the Block Transfer Area unless it is privileged or the INHIBIT MEMORY PROTECT pushbutton is operated. All DCU initialization tables are contiguous within a 512-word block of main memory. The starting location of the first DCU (DCU1) Initialization Table is strapped to the last word (word 511) of the 512-word initialization tables block minus (n + 1) .times. 64, where n = 2,4,6 is the TOTAL number of DCU's attached to the CMC. In this way the DCU Initialization Tables occupy the highest-numbered addresses in the 512-word block leaving the last 64 words at the end of the block for other usage (trap and interrupt addresses). The 512-word block may be strapped in increments of 512 words to any location in core. However the trap and Interrupt addresses generated by CCP are not relocatable.

1.7.5 Block Transfer Area Check

With initialization Table Protection this check may be considered to be `Bound Checking` on DCU access to main memory. A DCU may not write outside of its own initialization table or the Block Transfer Area ("non-resident" Area) unless it is privileged. If a DCU attempts to write outside these areas a DRUM TABLE ERROR will be generated and write operation will be aborted. A DCU which is privileged may write in any core location except Switch Protected ROM. When the INHIBIT MEMORY PROTECT button is operated any DCU may write in any location in core.

Section 2.0 main Memory and Drum Control

2.1 Main Memory

2.1.1 Introduction

The CMC (Computer Memory Control) can best be thought of as a bi-directional multiplex - distributor such that any of the units at the ports can transfer data to any memory bank in main memory and data from any memory bank can be transferred to any port on a one-transfer-at-a-time basis. FIG. 18 shows the maximum configuration of Drum Control Units, Central Processors and CMC's in a No. 1 EAX office. Smaller offices may have only 2 or 4 DCU's (Drum Control Units). DCU's are supplied in redundant pairs.

2.1.3 Operational Description

The CMC operates on a request acknowledge basis. If no requests are presented by the Drum Control Units or the Central Processor the CMC and the core memories are idle. The Central Processor is pre-selected as the Address Bus Source at the end of each memory request and remains pre-selected if no requests are presented to the CMC. This enables accelerated access to main memory by the CCP. If a DCU request is presented to CMC a 350 ns timer is started to allow selection of the port making the request and to allow the address to propagate to the bank selection circuitry and to the memory banks. At the end of the 350 ns delay if all main memories have finished their previous requests a Start Read command is issued to the main memory bank specified by the address bits supplied by the requesting port.

The memory bank will return a Memory Busy signal and after the word at the address specified has been read it will return a Data Available signal and the data read at the address. On a read request, a data available signal and the data, will be returned to the port within 1.0 microseconds after the request was received. On a read request, the CMC will send a Restore Control signal to the memory and the word read from memory will be written back in. On a write request at the end of the data available signal the CMC will send to the memory bank the data to be written into the location.

After the data is written into the data register of the memory it will return a Data Loaded signal to the CMC and the CMC will return a Data Loaded signal to a port having a write request. After the data word has been written into memory and another memory cycle can be initiated the Memory Busy signal will go false. The memory will also return an END of Cycle signal which is used for timing in the CMC.

The CMC has seven ports of which up to six DCU's and the CP will be connected. Simultaneous memory requests are resolved by a predetermined priority assignment to each port. Port 1 has the highest priority, port 2 has the next highest and so on to port 7. The Central Processor is assigned to port 7 due to the inability of the DCU's to wait for any extended period. Service of one memory request is always completed before another is started. The next request to be serviced is always the one of highest priority in the queue.

The port selection to determine which request will be answered can be made while the previous request is being completed.

Failure of a port to remove a read request or write request after it is answered will result in a Port Request Time-Out Error. Any error which occurs while a port is accessing the memory will cause the port to be locked out except for the CP, which is never lockout. Also a read request or write request must be removed before the next memory request from that port can be recognized.

The time required for the Data Available signal to be sent to a port after a read request is received varies from 0.8 microseconds to (1.0 + 1.8N) microseconds where N is the number of the port in the queue. The Data Loaded signal is sent to port N1.4 to (1.6 + 1.8N) microseconds after the write request is received.

A word is read from the magnetic drum of the Drum Memory system once every 1.5 to 1.63 microseconds and since the words on the drum have an interlace of five this means that the maximum time the DCU can wait for a Data Loaded signal after a write request goes out is 7.5 microseconds. If four DCU's present read requests or write requests to the CMC at a time when the CMC is answering a memory request from the CP, then one of the DCU's may not have its request answered in the time necessary and its CORE ACCESS TROUBLE sense line to Computer Line Processor will go true. The DCU will remove its write or read request and if it does not receive a malfunction indication from the CMC a DCU TIME OUT interrupt will be generated 8 drum revolutions (approximately 136 milliseconds) after a request was first sent to the DCU.

When the CMC's are running in sync the port selections of the two CMC's must agree before a port can be selected. When a memory request appears a 350 ns delay, Delay 1, will be started to allow port selection to take place. At the end of Delay 1 a comparison will be made to see if the port selections agree. If another memory request was being answered when the memory request appeared, Delay 1 will not start until 150 ns after the fall of the Data Available signal from the first request.

If two ports presented read requests at the same time it would be possible for the two CMC's to select different ports. When at the end of Delay 1, the port selections did not agree, a second delay, Delay 2, of 150 nanoseconds would be started and at the end of it a retry at port selection can be made. After the third retry a port will be selected regardless of whether the port selections compare. If three retries have been made and the port selections do not agree an error interrupt will be generated and the PORT SELECT RETRY ERROR sense line will go to the one state. Any write operations will be aborted to a read operation and the Abort write sense line will become true. Each retry adds a maximum of 614 ns to the time required for port selection so that if three retries are made, the third DCU will receive a Data Loaded signal within 7042 ns which is within the 7500 ns maximum required to guarantee that the DCU does not encounter port blockage.

2.1.3 Status Indicators and Interrupts

Besides the data return leads the following outputs from the CMC are connected directly to the CP to indicate the status of the CP's read requests and write requests.

______________________________________ LEAD DESCRIPTION REMARKS AND TIMING ______________________________________ DATA AVAILABLE Indicates that data is being read from main memory. Becomes true 0.8 to (1.0 +1,8N) .mu.s after read request becomes true and remains true for as long as read request is true. DATA LOADED Indicates that data has been written into main memory. Becomes true 1.4 to (1.6+1.8N) .about.s after write request becomes true and remains true for as long as write request is true. PROGRAM ERROR Indicates that the CP caused an Address Out of Range, attempted Read Only Memory Write or Protected Location Write malfunction during main memory access. Becomes true 0.3 to (2.2+1.8N) .mu.s after read request or write request becomes true. Reset by REI or CLR. Causes a CP level 2 trap. COMPARE ERROR Indicates that a mismatch was detected between the two CMC's. Causes a Computer Third Party trap. ______________________________________

The only interrupts assigned to the CMC's are CMC 1 Error and CMC 2 Error in interrupt level 2 with octal sense line numbers 73002 and 73020 respectively. The following sense lines are assigned to the CMC's:

COMPUTER MEMORY CONTROL: GROUP 53 ______________________________________ OCTAL SENSE LINE NO. SENSE LINE NAME SENSE LINE DESCRIPTION ______________________________________ 65001 PAICEST 1 Port Address In Compare Error Stored. The Addresses supplied by the port are different in the two CMC's. 65002 PDICEST 1 Port Data In Compare Error Stored. The Data words supplied by the port are different in the two CMC's 65004 PAIPEST 1 Port Address in Parity Error Stored The address supplied by the Port has even parity. 65010 PDIPEST 1 Port Data In Parity Error Stored The data word supplied by the port has even parity. 65020 PINVCIEST 1 Port Invalid Control In Error Stored The port has made an invalid request for service. 65040 RTRYEST 1 Retry Error Stored The CMC's have made 3 port select retries and the port selections still do not match. 65100 PTOEST 1 Port Time Out Error Stored The port has not removed its read or write request after it was answered. 65200 CMC PROT SYSTEM ACT 1 The memory protection system has not been disabled by the switch on the control panel. COMPUTER MEMORY CONTROL: GROUP 54 ______________________________________ 66001 SYNCTOST 1 Sync Time Out Stored The two CMC's have fallen more than 800 nanoseconds out of synchronization. 66002 MARCEST 1 Memory Address Return Compared Error Stored The addresses returned from the memories associated with the two CMC's do not compare. 66004 MDRRCEST 1 Memory Data Return Read Compare Error Stored The words read from the two memories do not compare. 66010 MDRWCEST 1 Memory Data Return Write Compare Error Stored The data words returned from the memories on the write portion of the cycle do not compare. 66020 MARPEST 1 Memory Address Return Parity Error Stored The address returned by the memory has even parity. 66040 MDRWPEST 1 Memory Data Return Write Parity Error Stored The data returned from memory on the write portion of the cycle has even parity. 66100 MINVCREST 1 Memory Invalid Control Return Error Stored The control signals returned from memory are invalid. 66200 BSRCEST 1 Bank Select Register Compare Error Stored The bank selections of the two CMC's do not agree. COMPUTER MEMORY CONTROL: GROUP 55 ______________________________________ 67001 BSMR[0]1 Bank Select Malf Reg. These leads indicate the bank which was selected when the first error occurred. 67002 BSMR[1] 1 67004 ABORT WRITE 1 A core write transfer has been aborted to a READ/MODIFY/WRITE or core read operation. 67010 PCIMR[RR] 1 Port Control in Malf Reg. These leads contain the state of the Port Control In leads when the first error occurred. 67020 PCIMR[WR] 1 67040 PCIMR[RMPB] 1 67100 PCIMR[PT] 1 67200 PCIMR[INIT] COMPUTER MEMORY CONTROL: GROUP 57 ______________________________________ 71001 AOREST 1 Address Out of Range Error Stored The address exceeds the range of memory used. 71002 ROMEST 1 Read Only Memory Error Stored The port has tried to write into read only memory. 71004 CROSS WRITE ACTIVE FF SET Cross Write configuration has been achieved. 71010 DTEST 1 Drum Table Error Stored A DCU has tried to read or write outside of its initialization table while in the initialization sequence or write outside of its initialization table and outside of the block transfer area while it was not privileged. 71020 PSMR[0] 1 Port Select Malf Reg. These leads carry the binary-encoded number of the port selected when the first error occurred. 71040 PSMR[1] 1 71100 PSMR[2] 1 71200 PSMR[3] 1 COMPUTER MEMORY CONTROL: GROUP 58 ______________________________________ 72001 PMALFR[1] 1 Port Malfunction Register 72002 PMALFR[2] 1 An error has occurred while 72004 PMALFR[3] 1 this port was selected. 72010 PMALFR[4] 1 72020 PMALFR[5] 1 72040 PMALFR[6] 1 72100 CCP PMALFR 1 72200 PMALFR[8] COMPUTER MEMORY CONTROL: GROUP 59 ______________________________________ 73001 PC ROMEST 1 Program Controlled Read Only Memory Error Stored. The CCP has tried to write into program controlled read only memory. 73002 CMC ERR ST 1 The CMC has detected one of the errors listed here. 73004 MDRRPEST 1 Memory Data Return Read Parity Error Stored. The data word read from memory has even parity. 73010 PC ROMACT 1 Program Controlled Read Only Memory Active Read only memory protection is in effect for the program controlled read only memory selection. 73020 PC ROMEST 2 Same as 73001 73040 CMC ERR ST 2 Same as 73002 73100 MDRRPEST 2 Same as 73004 73200 PC ROM ACT 2 Same as 73010 COMPUTER MEMORY CONTROL: GROUP 61 ______________________________________ 75001 PAICEST 2 75002 PDICEST 2 Similar to Group 53 75004 PAIPEST 2 75010 PDIPEST 2 75020 PINVCIEST 2 75040 RTRYEST 2 75100 PTOEST 2 75200 CMC PROT SYST ACT 2 COMPUTER MEMORY CONTROL: GROUP 62 ______________________________________ 76001 SYNCTOST 76002 MARCEST 2 Similar to Group 54 76004 MDRRCEST 2 76010 MDRWCEST 2 76020 MARPEST 2 76040 MDRWPEST 2 76100 MINVCREST 2 76200 BSRCEST 2 COMPUTER MEMORY CONTROL: GROUP 63 ______________________________________ 77001 BSMR[0] 2 77002 BSMR[1] 2 Similar to Group 55 77004 ABORT WRITE 2 77010 PCIMR [RR] 77020 PCIMR[WR] 2 77040 PCIMR[RMPB] 2 77100 PCIMR[PT] 2 77200 PCIMR[INIT] 2 COMPUTER MEMORY CONTROL: GROUP 65 ______________________________________ 01401 AOREST 2 01402 ROMEST 2 Similar to Group 57 01404 CROSS WRITE ACTIVE 2 01410 DTEST 2 01420 PSMR[0] 2 01440 PSMR[1] 2 01500 PSMR[2] 2 01600 PSMR[3] 2 COMPUTER MEMORY CONTROL: GROUP 66 ______________________________________ 02401 PMALFR [1] 2 02402 PMALFR [2] 2 Similar to Group 58 02404 PMALFR [3] 2 02410 PMALFR [4] 2 02420 PMALFR [5] 2 20440 PMALFR [6] 2 02500 CCP PMALFR 2 02600 PMALFR [8] 2 ______________________________________

2.1.4 data and Instruction Formats

Besides the data bus and address bus the following inputs are provided to the CMC from the CP.

______________________________________ Input Description ______________________________________ READ REQUEST Becomes true to read main memory. WRITE REQUEST Becomes true to write into main memory. SYSTEM MEMORY MP STAT is alway true unless the Disable PROTEST STATUS Memory Protect Switch on the Maintenance Control Panel is operated. RESET ERROR INDICATORS REI becomes true during the execution of an REI instruction. MASTER CLEAR CLR is always false unless the computer test panel is plugged in and the MASTER CLEAR Push button is depressed or the THIRD PARTY CLEAR signal becomes true to clear a CCP. CONTROL PULSE DIRECTIVE Control Pulse Directive is a signal for CMC to interpret data bus bits 0 to 8. CCP ON LINE The CP is on-line. ______________________________________

Control pulse directives from the CP are used to set or reset Maintenance registers in the CMC. Which register receives a pulse is determined by data bus bits 0 to 8 and the register is set if bit 0 is a one and reset if it is a zero. The registers which are set or reset by a control pulse directive and the various combinations of bits 0-8 on the data bus are given in the following list.

CMC Control Pulse Directive __________________________________________________________________________ Data Bus Octal No. Action Description of Register __________________________________________________________________________ 000 MCLTR{MB}-RST Memory Control Logic 001 MCLTR{MB}-SET Test Register {Memory Busy} MCLTR simulates a memory request from a port and the control signals returned from the memory to test CMC control logic. 002 MCLTR{DA} RST MCLTR {Data Available} 003 do. SET 004 MCLTR{DL} RST MCLTR {Data Loaded} 005 do. SET 006 MCLTR{EOC}RST MCLTR {End of Cycle } 007 do. SET 010 MCLTR {MREQ}RST MCLTR {Memory Request} 011 do. SET 012 MMDBSOCR{1}RST Maintenance Memory 013 do. SET Data Bus Source 014 MMDBSOCR{2}RST Control Register 015 do. SET By setting MMDBSOCR{1} 016 MMDBSOCR{3}RST {2} {3} the test points 017 do. SET previously listed will be connected to the data bus if the CP is off-line 020 PENTR{1} RST Port Enable Test Register 021 " SET {1 - 6} 022 PENTR{2} RST PENTR enables the CMC 023 " SET to answer a memory 024 PENTR{3 } RST request from an off-line port 025 do. SET if the CP is off-line 026 PENTR{4} RST 027 do. SET 030 PENTR{5} RST 031 do. SET 032 PENTR{6} RST 033 do. SET 034 POLR{1} RST Port On Line Register {1 - 6} 035 do. SET POLR controls the on-line 036 POLR{2} RST status of the six DCU's 037 do. SET attached to ports 1 to 6. 040 POLR{3} RST The POLR's of a DCU must be 041 do. SET reset in both CMC's before 042 POLR{4} RST an off-line indication is 043 do. SET given to that DCU. POLR is 044 POLR{5} RST also reset by the MASTER 045 do. SET CLEAR button on the computer 046 POLR{6} RST test panel. 047 do. SET 050 INPUT TEST Input Test Register {1-6} REG {1} RST 051 INPUT TEST REG {1} SET 052 INPUT TEST used to test the signal paths REG {2} RST from the DCU's to the CMC's 053 INPUT TEST When an input test register REG {2} SET is set all the inputs to the 054 INPUT TEST CMC's from that DCU should REG {3} RST be true. 055 INPUT TEST REG {3} SET 056 INPUT TEST REG {4} RST 057 INPUT TEST REG {4} SET 060 INPUT TEST REG {5} RST 061 INPUT TEST REG {5} SET 062 INPUT TEST REG {6} RST 063 INPUT TEST REG {6} SET 064 MCLTR{LCH-MDB}RST Memory Control 065 do. SET Logic Test Register {Latch Memory Data Bus} If the CP is off-line setting MCLTR{LCH-MDB} latches the data bus so that a one applied to the data bus remains on the data bus after the input is removed. 066 PC ROM ACT-RST Program Controlled 067 PC ROM ACT-SET Read Only Memory Active. Setting this register enables the program controlled read only memory protection. 076 CROSS WRITE-RST 077 CROSS WRITE-SET Cross write enables an on-line CCP to write into its own memory and the duplex memory which must be off __________________________________________________________________________ line.

2.1.5 Configuration

The configuration of ports enables to access main memory is software controlled. Two registers are provided in the CMC for control of the ports. One bit in each register is assigned to each port. For a DCU to access an `On Line` main memory (i.e CCP ON LINE signal from CCP to CMC true) its associated bit in the Port On Line Register (POLR 1-6) must be true. For the port to access an Off Line main memory (the CCP ON LINE signal from CCP to CMC false) its associated bit in the Port Enable Test Register (PENTR 1-6) must be true. Bits of the POLR and PENTR are individually set by CPD instructions. Bits of the POLR and PENTR are individually reset by CPD instructions and both registers are reset to all zeros by CLEAR. The status of the POLR and PENTR are available for interrogation on Maintenance Memory Data Bus Source word 3. See Section 2.1.4.

The status of Port 7 and Port 8 is under control of the Cross Write feature, refer to section 2.1.6.

2.1.6 Maintenance Features

2.1.6.1 Error Detection

A list of errors detected by the CMC and their description appears under CMC sense lines. Certain of these errors cause the CMC to take immediate action.

All errors will cause the following actions. The port which was accessing main memory will be blocked from any further access until REI or CLEAR is received from the CCP. The CCP (PORT 7) is only blocked if it does not remove its memory request after the request is answered. Other errors do not block Port 7.

The Port Selected Malfunction Register (PSMR) is set indicating via sense line which port was accessing memory when the error occurred. The Bank Selected Malfunction Register (BSMR) set indicating via sense line which bank of main memory was selected when the error occurred. The Error Stored Flop and Disable Error Load Flop (ESF and DERLF) are set. DERLF will prevent any subsequent errors from changing the value of PSMR or BSMR and will prevent any subsequent errors from changing the error indicators to the CLP. DERLF will cause subsequent errors to be ignored by the CLP until the first error is reset by REI or CLEAR from CCP.

If DERLF (disable error load flop) is set, a THIRD PARTY TRAP can be caused by Synchronism Time Out (SYNCTOF) only, and an ERROR TRAP can be generated.

In addition to the above any error will cause its associated sense line to become true if DERLF was not previously set and to remain true until REI or CLEAR is issued to CMC by CCP.

The following errors will cause an Error Trap if they occur while the CCP is accessing main memory:

Read Only Memory Error (Switch protected)

Address Out of Range Error

Program Controlled Read Only Memory Error (25th bit protected words).

The following errors will cause a Third Party Party Trap when both CCP's are On Line only:

Bank Selection Comparison Error

Memory Address Returned Comparison Error

Memory Data Returned Read Comparison Error

Memory Data Returned Write Comparison Error

Port Address In Comparison Error

Port Data In Comparison Error

Retry Error (Port selection does not compare after three retries)

Synchronism Time Out Error

A Third Party Trap is not generated by a miscomparison during Cross Write. The associated sense line to CLP does become true.

To protect the integrity of information in memory the following errors will generate a Restore Control Signal to Main Memory and thus abort a write operation. If these errors occur during a write operation a sense line to CLP, Abort Write, will become true:

Read Only Memory Error (Switch Protected)

Port Invalid Control In Error

Bank Select Comparison Error

Port Address In Compare Error

Port Address in Parity Error

Address Out of Range Error

Retry Error

Drum Table Error

Software Protected Read Only Memory Error.

2.1.6.2 Program Controlled Read Only Memory

A set-reset latch in CMC is provided to activate 25th bit read only memory protection. (See section 1.7.3, Software Protected Read Only Memory for the operational description of this latch.)

2.6.3 Maintenance Data Bus Source

The status of internal points in the CMC may be interrogated by returning these points to the CCP on the Data Bus. When a CCP is OFF LINE it is connected as a sink to the CMC Data Bus. (This is also true during Cross Write).

By execution of the associated CPD instruction in the ON LINE CCP the following three words describing the status of control points may be placed on the Data Bus of the off line CMC and thus onto the Data Bus of the off line CCP.

Mmdbsocr{1}

__________________________________________________________________________ data Bus Bits Test Point Description __________________________________________________________________________ 0-17 MAB (0-17) MEMORY ADDRESS BUS (0-17) The address bus of the CMC may be the address in from port or the address returned for the last Memory Bank accessed. 18-23 POLR (1-6) PORT ON LINE REGISTER (1-6) The on-line status of the DCU's. 24 DATA BUS (0-25) causes MMDBSOCR{1} to be EVEN PARITY sent to CCP with odd parity 25 EG Logic 0 MMDBSOCR {2} 0 EG Logic 0 1 ROMF READ ONLY MEMORY FLIP-FLOP The last Address in accessed Switch Protected Read Only Memory 2 DIIITF DRUM IN ITS INITIALIZATION TABLE FLIP-FLOP The last request was from a DCU for a word in its initialization table. 3 DOBTAF DRUM OUTSIDE BLOCK TRANSFER AREA FLIP-FLOP The last request was from a DCU which accessed a location outside of the Non-Resident area. 4 PCIR{RMPB} PORT CONTROL IN REGISTER {RETAIN MEMORY PROTECT BIT} The last request was from CCP and Software Read Only Memory Pro- tection was in effect. 5 PCIMR{RMPB} PORT CONTROL IN MALFUNCTION REGISTER {RETAIN MEMORY PROTECT BIT} Same as above when an error occurred. 6 MARGIN SW OFF NOR MARGIN SWITCH OFF NORMAL One of the Power Supply Level switches on one of the Main Memories is oper- ated to the `high` or `low` position. 7 MDRREPF MEMORY DATA RETURNED READ EVEN PARITY FLIP FLOP Even parity on the word returned from Main Memory during a ready cycle. 8 MDIEPF MEMORY DATA IN EVEN PARITY FLIP FLOP Even Parity on the word supplied by the port during a write cycle. 9 MDRWEPF MEMORY DATA RETURN WRITE EVEN PARITY FLIP FLOP Even parity on the word returned from Main Memory during a write cycle (will also become ture if MDRREPF is true) 10 DERLF DISABLE ERROR LOAD FLIP FLOP No further errors will be stored until REI or CLEAR is issued by CCP. 11 RTRY3F RETRY 3 FLIP FLOP 3 attempts have been made at port selection and port selection does not compare. 12 MDF{25}F MEMORY DATA BIT {25} STORED The status of bit 25 in the last core location accessed. 13 -PH0 PHASE 0 (inverted) A CMC internal timing pulse occurring while CMC is idle. 14 -PH1 PHASE 1 (inverted) A CMC internal timing pulse occurring where a memory request is received and before a Start Read is issued to Main Memory. 15 PH2 PHASE 2 A CMC internal timing pulse occurring while Start Read to Main Memory is true. 16 PH3 PHASE 3 A CMC internal timing pulse occurring after Start Read to Main Memory is issued and before Data Available is returned. 17 PH4 PHASE 4 A CMC internal timing pulse occurring while Data Available returned from Main Memory is true. 18 -PH5 PHASE 5 (inverted) A CMC internal timing pulse occurring during a 150 ns monopulser which is triggered at the falling edge of the Data Available signal returned from Main Memory. 19 -PH6 PHASE 6 (inverted) A CMC internal timing pulse occurring from the end of Phase 5 until the Data Loaded signal is returned from Main Memory 20 PH7 PHASE 7 A CMC internal timing pulse occurring while the Data Loaded signal is returned from Main Memory. 21 -PH8 PHASE 8 (inverted) A CMC internal timing pulse occurring from the fall of the Data Loaded signal until the End of Cycle signal returned from main memory. 22 -PH3 & PH4 PHASE 3 or PHASE 4 (inverted) 23 -PH5 & PH6 PHASE 5 or PHASE 6 (inverted) 24 Data Bus (0-25) Causes MMDBSOCR (2) Even Parity to be returned to CCP with odd parity 25 EG LOGIC 0 MMDBSOCR {3} 0 PCIR{RR} PORT CONTROL IN REGISTER {READ REQUEST} The last memory request presented by a port was a read request. 1 PCIR{WR} PORT CONTROL IN REGISTER {WRITE REQUEST} The last memory request presented by a port was a write request. 2 PCIR{PT} PORT CONTROL IN REGISTER {PRIVILEGED TRANSFER} a. The last request was from a DCU which was allowed to access a location outside of its initiali- cation table and outside of the block transfer area, because the Privileged Transfer lead from that DCU was true at the time of the request. b. The last request was from the CCP and Program Controlled read only memory protection was disabled. 3 PCIR{INIT} PORT CONTROL IN REGISTER {IN INITIALIZATION TABLE} The DCU INIT lead from the last DCU to make a memory request was true indicating that the DCU was attempting to access its initiali- zation table. 4 START READ The START READ command to Main (11,12) Memory Bank one from CMC (inverted) 5 START READ The START READ command to Main (21,22) Memory Bank two from CMC (inverted) 6 START READ The START READ command to Main (31, 32) Memory Bank three from CMC (inverted) 7 START READ The START READ command to Main (41,42) Memory Bank four from CMC (inverted) 8-13 PENTR (1-6) PORT ENABLE TEST REGISTER (1-6) The associated port is enabled to access CMC when the CCP is off line. 14 ACKR{1}+ACKR{2} ACKNOWLEDGE REGISTER 1 or 2 or 3. + ACKR{3} A Data Available signal has been returned to a port and that port's memory request remains true. 15 ACKR{4}+ ACKR{5} ACKNOWLEDGE REGISTER 4 or 5 + ACKR{6} or 6. 16 ACKR{7}+ ACKR{8} ACKNOWLEDGE REGISTER 7 or 8 + ACKR{9} 9 17 MAR EPF MEMORY ADDRESS RETURNED EVEN PARITY FLIP FLOP The address stored in the address return buffer register has even parity. 18 AORF ADDRESS OUT OF RANGE FLIP FLOP The address supplied with the memory request was for a location outside of the available core. 19 PAIEPF PORT ADDRESS IN EVEN PARITY FLIP FLOP The address supplied with a memory request had even parity 20 PAICF PORT ADDRESS IN COMPARISON FLIP FLOP The address supplied by a port to both CMC's while running in synchro- nism did not compare. 21 MEM ADD RTRN MEMORY ADDRESS RETURN COMPARE FLOP COMPARISON FLIP FLOP The address stored in the address return buffer registers of Main Memory attached to CMC-A and that attached to CMC-B did not compare. 22 PAI{17} PORT ADDRESS IN BIT 17 FLIP FLOP Indicates the parity bit of the address supplied with the last memory request. 23 RESTORE RESTORE CONTROL signal instructing CONTROL Main Memory to change from a R/M/W to a R/M/W cycle. 24 DATA-BUS {0-25} CAUSES MMDBSOCR{3}to be sent to EVEN PARITY CCP with odd parity. 25 EG LOGIC 0 __________________________________________________________________________

2.1.6.4 memory Control Logic Test Register

An OFF LINE CMC may be stepped through a simulated memory cycle by executing CPD instructions in the ON LINE CCP. In this manner the ON LINE CCP may simulate:

1. A Memory Request via the MCLTR{MREQ} set CPD

2. memory Busy signal from Main Memory via the MCLTR{MB} set CPD

3. data Available signal, MCLTR{DA}

4. data Loaded signal, MCLTR{DL}

5. end of Cycle signal, MCLTR{EOC}

If the proper sequence of set and reset CPD's are executed the CMC will simulate a complete memory cycle. Note that the CMC under test must be OFF LINE and the other CCP which executes the test must be ON LINE.

2.1.6.5 input Test Register

A bit set `true` in the Input TEST REGISTER, INPTR{1-6} will cause the inputs from the associated DCU to CMC to become true. This does not include the eight DCU sense lines which are passed through CMC.

INPTR{1-6} are set and reset in CMC by CPD instructions executed in the CCP associated with that CMC. All bits of INPTR are reset by CLEAR.

2.1.6.6 cross Write

A maintenance feature is incorporated into the CMC's which enables an on line CCP to refresh an off line core main memory directly from the on line copy of main memory. Once the CMC's are in the Cross Write Active configuration one CCP may independently refresh all locations in main memory by merely repeating a two instruction loop; LOAD A, STORE A. Note that all memory protection features remain in effect in the on-line CMC during a cross write operation. During cross write Program Controlled Read Only Memory protection is disabled in the off-line CMC. Thus the on line CCP will write over 25th bit protected words in the off line memory. (ref. sect. 1.7).

Cross Write may only be employed by an on-line CCP and the memory being refeshed must have its associated CCP off line. If both CCP's become either on line or the configuration is reversed by the Third Party, Cross Write Configuration is immediately lost and must be entirely reinitiated. If both CCP's become off-line Cross Write remains Active.

During Cross Write, the DCU's may be active when Cross Write is initiated and during cross write. Since the DCU's can access the on line, main memory it is necessary to also allow them access to the off-line memory. This insures that the off-line memory is updated by any DCU to main memory transfer which occurs during a cross write.

The duplex CMC's are configured to Cross Write Active state by means of master-slave storage elements. The master is loaded at the time the on-line CCP issues the SET CROSS WRITE CPD.

The slave is not set until both CMC's become idle. Note that setting CROSS WRITE ACTIVE requires a re-synchronization of the CMC's. If 3 DCU's request access to the on line main memory at the time CCP tries to set Cross Write a worst case maximum of 7.0 .mu.sec. could elapse between the SET CROSS WRITE CPD and the achievement of Cross Write Active configuration. A sense line is provided indicating CROSS WRITE ACTIVE.

Once Cross Write Active configuration is achieved the on line CCP is enabled by the Cross Write Active Flop to access the off line CMC through Port 8 (Port 8 is connected to Port 7 of the duplex CMC unit via backplane wiring). In the off line CMC Port 7 is blocked to insure that the off line CCP can not interfere with actions of the on line CCP. CPD instructions from the off line CCP are allowed access to the off line CMC during Cross Write. To insure that both CMC's will be available for transfers during Cross Write Active the CMC's are run in synchronism. Because they are in sync the following comparisons are made:

i. Port Address in

ii. Port Data in

iii. Memory Address returned

iv. Synchronism Time Out

v. Bank selection Comparison

vi. Port Selection Retry Error

The memory data returned is not compared as it is not expected to compare during Cross Write. The above mismatches are available on sense lines for interrogation. The CMC MISMATCH signal however is DISABLED during cross write as this signal is used to generate a THIRD PARTY trap.

Data and control signals are returned to the CCP from the on-line main memory (via CMC) only during CROSS WRITE. DATA LOADED is returned to the on-line CCP by the on-line CMC only after DL is returned to the CMC by BOTH memories. Control signals are returned to the DCU's from both CMC's but DATA is returned to the DCU's only from the on-line CMC.

All error detection circuitry in both CMC's with the exception of Memory DATA (READ and WRITE) RETURNED COMPARISON ERROR remains active during CROSS WRITE.

Two means of exit (other than system master CLEAR) from cross write are available:

1. Execution of RESET CROSS WRITE CPD. In this case the same sequence of events occurs as does when entering cross write. The CROSS WRITE ACTIVE (SLAVE) latch is not reset until both CMC's are idle. When Cross Write Active flop becomes reset the DCU's will not have access to the off line CMC unless their associated PENTR's are set.

2. Bring the off-line CCP back on line. This causes immediate resetting of Cross Write Active Flop. The DCU's will now be enabled to both CMC's by the CCP ON LINE signal if their associated POLR's are set.

In summary the steps required to enter CROSS WRITE ACTIVE configuration are:

1. One CCP must be on-line, one CCP must be off-line.

2. The Port On Line Register (POLR 1-6) of the off-line CMC must be equal to the POLR of the on-line CMC.

3. Issue SET CROSS WRITE CPD to the on-line CMC by execution of the associated CPD instruction in the on-line CCP.

4. Sense for CROSS WRITE ACTIVE sense line true.

5. When CROSS WRITE ACTIVE sense line is true begin reading the on-line core main memory and writing both memories with the STA, STQ, etc. instruction executed in the on-line CCP only.

To exit from Cross Write

1. System Clear in the off-line CCP. Subsequent DCU transfers will not effect the off-line CMM.

2. Issue Reset Cross Write CPD and sense for Cross Write Active sense line false. DCU transfers will now be lost unless the Port Enable Test Register (PENTR 1-6) in the off-line CMC is equal to the POLR of the on-line CMC.

3. Bring the off-line CCP back on-line. No DCU transfers will be lost as long as the POLR in the off-line CMC has been left set.

Section 2.2 drum memory

2.2.1 introduction

drum memory is used as storage area for the programs and data that do not require "immediate" access by the central processor. Drum Memory information is readout of and written into main memory under control of a Drum Control Unit (DCU) via the Computer Memory Control (CMC) circuit. Each DCU is assigned a specific port, in the CMC. These ports are numbered 1 through 6 and are assigned a priority. Port 1 having a higher priority than port 2 and so on down to port 6 with the lowest priority of DCU's. The central Processor has port 7 assigned to it and attains the least priority. Each DCU can control an entire drum of 18 segments or one half a drum (9 segments). Thus a maximum of 6 drums could be handled. Each drum segment contains 10,999 words of 27 bits each.

The writing into and reading out of drum must be accomplished when the Drum is ready. Failure to do so will create an error. A word can be read out of, or written into memory every 1.6 microseconds. If more than one Drum, or a Drum and the CCP wished to access memory, transactions in the Drum area would be lost, or the CCP would not get a change to access memory. In order to avoid this the drums are handled at an interlace rate of 5. This means that successive Drum locations to be read or written into are actually spaced every five locations. Thus when a drum reads from memory, it will not be ready to read again until 8 microseconds later. Thus one Drum will not hog memory. With this interlace, three Drums and a CCP can be running simultaneously without loosing drum and yet allowing the processor to access memory at least once for every three separate Drum transactions. If a fourth Drum is accessed, the CCP may get locked out for a longer length of time or conceivably until one of the drums stops processing. As a Fifth Drum is added the possibility of locking out the CCP becomes more prevalent. The loss of transactions on a drum are also possible. Simultaneous use of a sixth drum exaggerates the problem.

2.2.2 OPERATIONAL DESCRIPTION (HARDWARE)

2.2.2.1 modes of processing

there are three basic modes of processing the Drum Memory System (DMS). Initialization, search and transfer, and termination.

2.2.2.1.1 INITIALIZATION

Initialization involves loading the various registers in the DMS from the initialization table located in main core memory.

2.2.2.1.1.1 The even numbered locations (0-16) of the initialization table are loaded by the Central Processor's running program. All information necessary for a Drum Control Unit (DCU) to fulfill an assigned task is present in these nine locations.

2.2.2.1.1.2 The odd numbered locations are used by the DCU, to write into them, the data contained in the proceeding even numbered locations, so that a check can be made, that the information in those locations are correct.

2.2.2.1.1.3 Location 18 thru 24 will contain other data that will be explained further on in the article.

2.2.2.1.1.4 Initialization is accomplished by the issuance of a CPD instruction from the CCP to a selected DCU.

2.2.2.1.2 search and transfer

two methods of search are available. Single Level Counter Start (SLCS) or associative search. The SLCS mode of operation is used in transferring program and tables between core memory and drum. Large blocks of data may be transferred, the limit being defined by the Limit Register (LR). Blocks of 2048 words are reserved in core as SLCS (block transfer) areas.

A search is made in the DAC for address coincidence. The address in the Drum Address Register (DAR) of the DAC is compared with the binary or BCD counter. When match is found, the words are transferred on interlace until the number of words defined by the contents of the LR are read (from core or drum). Associative Search

The associative search module of the DCU is a read drum write core data transfer sequence, where the data is located by searching for data coincidence between the drum data and the specified search register (SR). There is an associated mask register (MR) that specifies which of the SR bits are to be involved in the associative coincidence. There are two associative search sequences, single and multilevel. Associative Search (MLS) can perform one to three levels of search and read.

2.2.2.1.3 Termination

After the required number of words have been transferred, the termination cycle is entered. This cycle dumps the contents of the Core Address Register (CAR) of the DCU into the initialization table of core. This information aids the program in accessing retrieved data. Following this, the DCU interrupts the CCP with a DCU Ready Interrupt indicating the process is complete.

2.2.2.2 HARDWARD DESCRIPTION

The following section will present the Drum, the Drum Access Circuits (DAC) and the Drum Control Unit (DCU) from a hardware point of view.

2.2.2.2.1 Drum Characteristics

The magnetic drum used in the EAX system is a Bryant Computer Products Model 10512. It operates at 3600 rpm and has a hard plated nickel-cobalt surface. The drum comes equipped with 504 data recording heads and 6 clock track recording heads.

2.2.2.2.1.1 Storage Characteristics

The drum is divided into 18 segments. Each segment contains 27 active recording heads and one spare recording head. There are 10,999 locations around the peripheral of the drum, thus, each segment is capable of recording 10,999, 27 bit parallel words. The total storage per drum is then 18 .times. 10,999 or 197,982 words.

Depending upon the system application, the drum can be arranged in one of two configurations. One configuration treats the drum as a single storage area of 18 segments. The other divides the drum into two independent storage areas of nine segments each. The two areas can be accessed simultaneously without electrical interaction. Each drum unit, whether nine or 18 segments, will have 3 sets of clock tracks. Each set consists of two tracks; one has a single bit recorded at drum location .phi. and the other is a continuous closed track with a bit recorded at every drum location.

There is one master set and two auxiliary sets for each drum unit. The auxiliary tracks provide redundant clock sources for the Drum Memory System. One set will be active and the other will be on standby. The master tracks provide backup for re-recording auxiliary tracks.

The drum is equipped with Bryant AH-020 recording heads. A modified return-to-bias recording method is used at a recording frequency of 660 KHz (350 bits per inch). The write current pulse width is 400 nsec. and the pulse amplitude is 80 ma. For reading, a playback voltage of 60 mv is obtained across a 1K ohm read amplifier input.

2.2.2.2.1.2 Power Distribution and Control

The distribution and control of power to the Drum Memory System refers to the circuits and equipment necessary to run the drum motor and apply the D-C voltages to the Drum Memory System circuit.

2.2.2.2.1.2.1 Drum Motor Power

The drum motor operates on 117 volts, 60 Hz A-C. The motor starts on commercial power and after a preset time delay, a DC-AC inverter is switched in to provide motor power. If the inverter output fails, the motor will be switched back to commercial power with no other discontinuities in the system. The failure will cause an alarm signal to be sent to the Maintenance Control Center (MCC) and a lamp to come on at the A-C power control panel to the DMS.

The starting current requirements of the motor are about three times the run current requirements, e.g., the measured start and run currents for the Bryant drum are 15 and 5 amps respectively. A special circuit, the Drum Motor Start Circuit, is used to provide a high starting current and yet permit the use of a smaller, more economical and more reliable inverter. Basically, the circuit holds start capacitors in the motor power circuit until the motor has been on for a few minutes, at which time it switches the capacitors out. A short time after the capacitors have been switched out, the power source will be switched from the commercial line to the DC-AC inverter.

A thermal overload switch which is preadjusted by the manufacturer for maximum allowable internal temperature of the drum, is supplied with the drum. When a thermal overload occurs, power is removed from the drum, an alarm signal is sent to the MCC and a lamp at the A-C power control panel of the DMS provides a local indication of the thermal overload condition.

2.2.2.2.1.2.2 D-C Power Sequencing

Three D-C supply voltage levels are used in the Drum Access Circuits (DAC). These are the -5V off-bias voltage, the +5V logic voltage, and the +24V write/read voltage. In order to protect the information on the drum, the sequence of power application and removal must be defined. The Power Sequencing Circuit provides this function automatically when -50V is applied to the circuit by depressing the D-C power sequencing switch on the D-C control panel of the DMS. The sequence of application is -5V and +5V together and then +24V. In removing power, the opposite sequence must be used, i.e., +24V is removed first, then +5V and -5V. The DCU has a separate supply which is not sequenced with the DAC supplies.

2.2.2.2.1.2.3 Power Supply Monitor

The output of each power supply in the DMS is connected to an inlet of a voltage monitor. There is one voltage monitor per DMS frame. Whenver the output voltage of a power supply drifts beyond a predetermined allowable tolerance, the voltage monitor board indicates which supply is in trouble, and an alarm signal will be sent to the MCC indicating that the DMS subsystem has power supply trouble.

2.2.2.2.1.3 DMS Power Panel

The power panel is mounted on the DMS frame and is equipped as follows.

1. A-C Power

1. Lighted POWER-ON Switch

2. Lighted POWER-OFF Switch

3. Inverter Failure lamp

4. Thermal overload lamp

5. Lamp check pushbutton

2. DC Power

1. D-C power sequencing lighted switch

2. +24 volt lighted switch

3. Lamp check pushbutton

2.2.2.2.2 Drum Access Circuits (DAC)

FIGS. 19 and 19A illustrate the three major sections of the DAC. They are the Recording Circuits, the Clock Circuits and the Peripheral Adapter (PA). The recording circuits are those circuits including their drivers, monitors and protect circuits which communicate directly with the magnetic drum. The clock circuits provide clock pulses for referencing drum locations and for timing logical functions in the DAC and DCU. The PA contains the storage and control circuits necessary for interfacing the DCU and the recording circuits.

2.2.2.2.2.1 Recording Circuits

The functional blocks of the recording circuits are shown in FIG. 19A. These include the Write/Read Circuits; the Head Select Circuit; the Write/Read Control Circuit; the Head Select Monitor Circuit; and the Memory Protect Circuit.

2.2.2.2.2.1.1 Write/Read and Select Circuits

Write/Read Circuits and Head Select Circuits FIG. 20 illustrates the organization of recording heads and their write circuits -- the Head Select Circuit and the Write/Read Amplifiers. The Head Select Circuit selects the heads in the horizontal direction defined as a segment. Each segment contains 27 heads (number of bits per word). Corresponding heads (same bit number) are connected together as shown and are driven by one write amplifier. For a write operation, one segment is selected and all write amplifiers are energized. Data will be recorded only at the drum location related to the selected segment. Each write amplifier has a corresponding read amplifier to sense the information recorded on a particular bit and segment. The input to the read amp is the playback voltage developed across the recording head.

1. Head Select

The Head Select Circuit receives its inputs from a circuit in the PA that decodes the segment portion of the drum address. Only one segment decode input will be true at a time. The Head Select Circuit will place +24V on the center tap of all heads of the selected segment; all other center taps will be grounded. Write current for the 27 heads, approximately 2.5 amperes, is applied to the heads in this manner.

2. Write Amplifiers

The write amplifiers switch current directly to the heads previously selected by the Head Select Circuit. Control comes from the DAC Write/Read Control Circuit which receives write commands from a PA control circuit. Each amplifier has two outputs; they are connected to opposite endtaps of the same head via shielded twisted pair leads.

3. Read Amplifiers

The read amps read the playback voltage across the recording heads and output a logic 1 for a recorded logic 1 and a logic 0 for a recorded logic 0. The physical connection between the read amp inputs and the recording heads is via the same shielded twisted pair that connects the write amp to the head. The shield is grounded at both ends. The read amps have a differential input stage. This, along with the twisted pair, provides a high degree of balance. The differential input has a relatively high common mode rejection which is necessary because of the noisy environment that may exist around the cable between head and read amp input. The output of the read amplifier is a 800 nsec pulse from a standard NAND gate.

2.2.2.2.2.1.2 Write/Read Control Circuit

The Write/Read Control Circuit develops the pulses and levels necessary to control and drive the 27 Write/Read Circuits. Since the timing of the write pulses to the amplifiers is critical, the circuit contains precision timing and checking circuits. To write informatiion on the drum, an enable signal (WRITE LEVEL) and write pulses (WRITE PULSE) are sent from the PA to the Write/Read Control Circuit. Timing is not critical at the WRITE PULSE input level since the critical delay and shaper circuits are on the Write/Read Control Circuit itself. To read information from the drum, the PA sends an enable signal. Data to be recorded on the drum is sent from the DCU to the Drum Buffer Register in the PA and then to the write amplifiers. Data read from the drum is sent from the read amplifiers to the Drum Buffer Register and to the DCU. Two error detectors, the Access Circuit Err and Write Control Err, check the integrity of control signals to the write/read circuits.

2.2.2.2.2.1.3 Head Select Monitor Circuit

The Head Select Monitor Circuit detects a selection of none or more than one segment. There are two one-out-of-18 circuits on each monitor card. One monitors the decoded segment select information at the input to the Head Select Circuit; the other monitors the output of the Head Select Circuit. The error signals sent to the PA are Head Select Input Fault and Head Select Output Fault respectively. Either one will cause a DCU interrupt.

2.2.2.2.2.1.4 Memory Protect Circuit

The DAC contains a Memory Protect Circuit which acts to protect drum recording information in the event of a power supply or drum speed failure. This circuit also acts to protect drum and reset the DMS when power is turned on or off. (See DMS-PDR document). A power supply failure is indicated by a lamp on the power supply monitor panel as well as bits 22 and 19, word 20 and bit 19, word 22 (refer to sections 4.1 and 4.2 on error status indicator words) of ITE if the Error Termination Sequence is at all possible. A drum speed error will set bits 19, 22 and 13 of word 20 and bit 19, word 22 of ITE.

The Memory Protect Circuit is independent of the +5 logic power supply. It utilizes an on-the-card DC-DC converter powered by redundant +24V power supplies. A failure on this card causes a DCU error interrupt indicated by bits 19 and 23 word 20, and bit 19 word 22 of the ITE.

Problems within the drum may cause the thermal overload contacts to open and release A-C power to the drum motor. This condition will cause the drum speed detection circuits to set and trigger an error termination sequence setting the same bits as mentioned for a Drum speed failure.

2.2.2.2.2.2 Clock Circuits

The Clock Circuits will provide the Drum Reset Pulses (DRP) and the Drum Index Pulses (DIP) for referencing the angular index of the drum. A clock track, called Master Reset Pulse (MRP), will be recorded with one bit. This bit develops the DRP which marks the start location on the drum perimeter.

A second clock track, called Drum Index Pulse, will be recorded with 10,999 bits. This will be a continuous closed track and each bit will reference a word location on drum.

For reliability reasons, it was decided there would be three sets of clock tracks, one set called master (MRP and DIP) and two sets called auxiliary tracks (1 and 2). The master tracks will provide backup for re-recording auxiliary tracks. The two sets of auxiliary tracks provide backup for each other. If an auxiliary track which is on-line failed, the Clock Circuit would automatically switch the respective standby track on line and indicate a clock track error. The responsibility of the Clock Circuits is to record clock tracks, transfer tracks, and indicate clock track errors. These functions are shown on the DAC Block Diagram; FIG. 19 and 19A.

2.2.2.2.2.2.1 recording Clock Tracks

The Clock Track Control (CTC) is a panel which contains all the controls for writing clock tracks. Each clock track has its own write/read amplifier. The mode of recording tracks is return-to-bias (RB).

The manual procedure for writing a clock track is as follows:

1. Select the track to recorded

2. Enable the write amplifier

3. Depress the erase button. This will bias the associated clock track.

4. Depress the write button. This will start the Clock Track Writer (CTW) recording sequence.

When recording Master MRP, the CTW will generate one pulse which will record one bit on the associated MRP track. When recording Master DIP, the CTW in conjunction with the Binary Counter (BC) will generate a train of 10,999 pulses which will record the associated DIP track. The frequency of these pulses will have to be adjusted to obtain a closed track. It may take several attempts to record a perfect DIP track. The CTW will have the capability of recording 10,500 to 11,500 bit tracks. The BC is a standard 15 bit counter programmable from 0 to 16,383.

When recording the auxiliary tracks, the CTW will record the associated master track data (read amp. output) on to the selected auxiliary clock track. There will be a delay adjustment to minimize the skew between auxiliary DIP tracks. After all clock tracks have been recorded the Clock Track Control Panel may be removed. However, it is necessary to strap the Write Inhibit lead of the Write/Read amplifier to ground before removing the CTC. This strapping is accomplised on the CTW card where jacks are provided.

2.2.2.2.2.2.2 Transfer and Error Check

The Transfer Circuit will switch on-line the alternate axuiliary track either automatically (due to a clock pulse error), or manually from the CTC, or on command from the PA. The MRP on-line develops the Drum Reset Pulse (DRP) which will be in coincidence with one DIP. DRP and DIP are the clock timing pulses for the Drum Memory System.

There are five error checks for Clock Circuit Faults. Error detectors will set latches which will retain the error indication for diagnostics.

1. Master Track Error Detector -- this detects coincidence between MRP and DIP bit 10,998.

2. DIP Track Skew Detector -- This detects the skew between the auxiliary DIP tracks.

3. Drum Speed Detector -- This detects the speed of the drum by timing the DIP pulses.

4. DRP Error Detector -- This detects the absence of DRP pulses.

5. DIP Error Detector -- This detects the absence of DIP pulses.

2.2.2.2.2.3 DAC Peripheral Adapter (PA)

The PA contains the circuitry necessary for locating drum addresses; drum interlacing; temporary storage of drum data; timing of drum write/read control signals; and detection of hardware and software errors.

2.2.2.2.2.3.1 Locating Drum Addresses

The PA locates drum addresses by finding coincidence between the contents of an address register and the count of a counter which is advanced one count for every Drum Index Pulse (DIP). The following information is required to find a drum address: (1) the segment number, (2) whether the drum location is specified in binary or BCD, and (3) the address of the word relative to DRP (location 0). This information is loaded into the Drum Address Register (DAR) at the beginning of a transfer. The segment number (bits 16-20) is decoded and sent to the Head Select Circuit, which in turn, energizes the appropriate segment. DAR bits 0-15 contain the drum address (relative to DRP). DAR bit 22 specifies which counter will be compared with the address bits. Two counters, one binary and one modified BCD, continuously count DIP pulses. Each count up to the equivalent of decimal 10,998 and then are reset to zero by DRP. Thus, each count in the counters is related to a specific drum location or drum location references in this manner is called a drum index value.

The search for coincidence starts upon command from the DCU (START COUNTER SEARCH).

2.2.2.2.2.3.2 drum Interlacing

A maximum of 6 DCU's will be interfaced with two CMC's working in sync. Words can be read from each drum at a 1.6 microsec. rate and the core memory cycle time is 1 to 2 microsec. Thus, since several DCU's might request access to core simultaneously, it is not possible to transfer successive words from drum to core. A drum interlace, whereby one word every five locations is read (written) from drum and written (read) into core, is used. The interlace rate of five was selected so six DCU's and the CCP would access core with the probability of a request going unanswered minimized. The interlace rate is not variable, but could be increased to 6, 7 or 8 if required.

Interlacing is controlled by a 3 stage counter on the PAD sequence Control Circuit. The counter starts when coincidence is found in either the PA (counter coin) or in the DCU (assoc. coin) and outputs one pulse (MI-DCP2) for every 5 drum locations. MI-DCP2 will effectively skip ahead one location for every complete drum revolution. For example if drum locations 0, 5, 15 etc. were read on the first drum revolution, locations 1, 6, 16, etc. would be read on the second revolution.

2.2.2.2.2.3.3 Temporary Data Storage

One register, the Drum Buffer Register (DBR) is used as temporary storage for both writing and reading operations. The register contains 26 bits including a parity bit and a memory protect bit. Another bit, The Block Mark Bit, is treated as the 27th bit of the DBR. This bit is located on the PAD Data Control circuit. Parity is checked across all bits except Block Mark for both read and write operations.

The use of DRB in transferring data is described in detail in section 2.2.2.2.2.3.5.

2.2.2.2.2.3.4 Timing and Write/Read Control

The PAD Sequence Control Circuit and the PAD Data Control Circuit are the PA circuits that provide timing and write/read control.

The DIP clock track is the source for all DAC write/read timing signals. For some applications, DIP is used directly; for others timing pulses are generated by pulse circuits on the PAD Data Control Circuit. These pulses are sent to the other DAC circuits for write/read control and to the DCU (refer to section 2.3.1.4 and FIG. 24, for additional DMS timing details). Write/read control signals are developed on the PAD Sequence Control Circuits. For both writing and reading, an enable signal and pulse are developed. These are WRITE LEVEL and WRITE PULSE for writing, and PA READ ENABLE and STROBE DBR for reading. The write/read control interface with the DCU is described in detail in section 2.2.2.2.2.3.5.

2.2.2.2.2.3.5. Operational Explanation of the PA

The operational explanation of the PA will be divided into read and write categories.

2.2.2.2.2.3.5.1 Read Transfer (drum to core).

Refer to the flow chart of FIG. 21. A data transfer is started when the Drum Address Register (DAR) is loaded during the initialization cycle of the DCU. Bits 16 thru 20 of the DAR contains the segment address of the first word to the transfer. If the specified segment is valid (within range of implemented segments), the number of the specified segment is decoded and sent to the Head Select Circuits. The Head Select Circuit then notifies the PA that one and only one segment has been selected and the PA sends the ONE SEGMENT SELECTED (ISS) signal to the DCU. When the DCU acknowledges the ISS signal, it initiates an enable signal (in this case READ ENABLE) and either a CONTINUOUS READ or a START COUNTER SEARCH signal.

Assume that the DCU sent a CONTINUOUS READ signal. If there have been no DAC errors up to this point, the PAD sequence Control Circuit sends the PA READ ENABLE signal to the recording circuits. Data is transferred from the Drum to the Drum Buffer Register under control of the PA. After each word is loaded into the DBR, its parity is checked. If parity is correct, the DCU, by sending a DIPLAY DBR signal transfers the data from the DBR to the PA Output Bus and thus to the DCU. In this manner, the DMS presents a continuous stream of data, and the contents of a register in the Associative Search Module of the DCU. When coincidence is found, the contents of the specified counter is stored in the address bits of the DAR and the PAD Sequence Control Circuit switches the PA to interlaced control. The count stored in the DAR will be the address of the coincidence word +8.

If, instead of a CONTINUOUS READ signal the DCU had sent a START COUNTER SEARCH signal (refer to the CR decision box on the flow chart), the address search would have been performed in the Address Coincidence circuit of the PA. Bit 22 of the DAR specifies which counter (binary or BCD) will be compared with the address bits of the DAR. When coincidence is found, the PAD Sequence Control Circuit sends the PA READ ENABLE signal to the recording circuits and switches the PA to interlaced control. With the PA in the interlaced control mode, every fifth drum word (for interlace of 5) will be loaded into the DBR, checked for correct parity and sent to the DCU. Control of the data transfer will handled in the same manner as for a continuous read operation.

The transfer continues until the READ ENABLE signal from the DCU is removed. During the transfer, the count of the specified counter is transferred to the address bits of the DAR once for every 5 DIP pulses. At the end of transfer, the DAR will contain the address of the last word transferred +8.

2.2.2.2.2.3.5.1 Write Transfer (Core to Drum)

The DCU Associative Search Mode is not used for drum write operations. Therefore, PA operation for write transfers is less complex than that of read transfers. Refer to the flow chart of FIG. 22. The sequence of operation through initial loading of the DAR, segment decode, segment select and ONE SEGMENT SELECTED signal is identical to that of the read operation. If no errors have been detected, the DCU sends the START COUNTER SEARCH signal. The specified counter (binary or BCD) will be compared with the address bits of the DAR to locate the angular index value for the beginning of the transfer. When the angular index value is found the Z COUNTER signal is sent to the DCU and to the PAD Sequence Control Circuit. The DCU controls transfer of data to the DBR and the PAD Sequence Control Circuit sends the WRITE LEVEL and WRITE PULSE to the recording circuits. WRITE PULSES cause data to be written on the drum at the specified interlace rate. The transfer will continue until the WRITE ENABLE (from DCU) signal is removed, terminating the transfer. The count of the specified counter is stored in the address bits of the DAR. The stored count will be the address of the last word written +8.

2.2.2.2.2.3.6 Error Detection

Whenever an error occurs in any circuit of the DAC, the following actions are taken in the PA.

1. if a data transfer is in progress, it will be halted; the contents of the DBR and the 10 higher order bits of the DAR will be held intact for diagnostic purposes.

2. The contents of the binary or BCD counter, at the time of the trouble indication, is stored in the address field of the DAR. For most PA errors, this stored count is meaningless. However, for parity errors, it can be used to identify the bad word. Since binary numbers should be simpler to handle in diagnostic routines, parity errors will cause the binary count to be stored.

3. The error indication will be stored in a flip-flop or latch type of storage element, the output of which can be displayed on the PA Output Bus for diagnostics.

4. The DCU will be notified of the detected error. All DAC error indications will be OR'ed together and a single error signal, DAC ERROR, will be sent to the DCU.

Diagnostic routines, which simulate error conditions in the DAC, will be written so that DAC error detection circuitry is exercised periodically.

2.2.2.2.3 Drum Control Unit (DCU)

The DCU provides the control and data path for the transfer of information between the CMC and DAC. The DCU contains buses (I/O and internal), registers, error detectors, and control circuitry as depicted in the DCU Block Diagram, FIG. 23.

2.2.2.2.3.1 block Diagram Description

FIG. 23 illustrates the organization of the DCU, and aids in understanding the following sections.

2.2.2.2.3.1.1 Bus Structure

1. Data Bus A (Input)

Data to the DCU (25 bits and 1 parity) from the CMC or DAC is received via bus A. Parity at bus A is checked by the Bus A parity circuit.

2. Data Bus C (Output)

Data from the DCU (25 bits and 1 parity) to the CMC or DAC is sent via bus C. Parity is checked (Bus C parity) and corrected if necessary before data is sent to the CMC or DAC, i.e. bad parity will never be written in core or on drum.

3. Address Bus D

Addressing core (15 bits and 1 parity) is accomplished directly over bus D from the DCU. Correct parity is generated at bus D (Bus D parity circuit).

2.2.2.2.3.1.2 Registers

Each register in the DMS except the IAR contains parity and memory protect information in bits 24 and 25 respectively. The following is a description of the registers in the DCU. More detailed description of each DMS register is found in Appendix I of this section.

1. Instruction Register/Limit Register (IR/LR).

The IR portion (10 bits) will contain the directive to be executed by the DMS. The IR portion (14 bits) will contain the number of words to be transferred in the case of single level counter search or the number of words to be skipped (indexed) in the case of single level associative search.

2. Initialization Address Register (IAR)

The IAR is a 15 bit address register used to address core during certain DCU sequences. The low order 5 bits are preset and incremented during these sequences. The high order 10 bits are strapped internally whose value is determined by bound checks to be made in core.

3. Core Address Register (CAR)

This 26 bit register is used to address core during any of the data transfer modes. Bits 15 thru 20 are not programmable.

4. Core Buffer Register (CBR)

The 26 bit CBR is used as a temporary store of data being transferred.

5. Search Registers (SR1-SR3)

The Search Registers (26 bits) contain information that specifies the drum address or data coincidence to be encountered before entering the respective levels of associative search.

6. Mask Registers (MR1-MR3)

The Mask Registers (26 bits) contain information that specify which bits of their respective SR are to be involved.

2.2.2.2.3.1.3 Associative Search Match Circuit

This circuit decodes coincidence between bus A information from drum and the search register screened by the mask register.

2.2.2.2.3.1.4 Common Control

The Common Control contains the DMS timing, coincidence circuit, pulse distributor, and the directive decode circuit.

The DMS timing is illustrated in FIG. 24. DCP2 and DCP1 are generated in the PA of the DAC from the drum clock tracks (DIP). FRI-DCP2 (also generated in the PA) is a free running DCP2 whose period is 1 drum interlace time of 7.5 microsec. DCU TIMING CP (TCP) is generated from DCP2 by a pulse shaper on the Bus D Multiplex circuit of the DCU. The coincidence circuit recognizes the specified coincidence (counter or information) and enables the pulse distributor at the approximate time. The pulse distributor (PD) is a three stage counter which is synchronized with the interlace counter of the DAC and clocked by DCP2 pulses. The PD is strapped at the connector for an interlace rate of five. The strapping can be changed if a higher interlace rate of six, seven or eight is required. The DCU timing is dependent on the control pulses of the pulse distributor.

There are five control pulses, P1 through P5. The P1 pulses of the PD are synchronized with each MI-DCP2 of the DAC. The starting of the PD counter is different for the various DCU sequences.

During the write sequence, the PD counter will be set to P1 and started by Z counter (counter coincidence). For any read-drum write-core counter search sequence, the PD counter will be set to P1 and started by MI-DCP2.

When searching for associative coincidence, the PD will be set to P3 and started on match strobed by DCP2.

Regardless of what the PD counter is set to or which signal started the PD, the control pulses will not be enabled until the counter has been started and the count reaches P3 time.

The directive decode circuit will decode the instruction register bits 20-23 and determine the operation to be performed that is, read sequence (SLCS), write sequence (SLCS), single or multi level associative search DAC maintenance, or invalid operation.

2.2.2.2.3.1.5 Block Transfer

The Block Transfer module controls SLCS read drum, SLCS write drum, initialization, termination, error termination, spills, and the error detection associated with these functions. All of the CMC interface control, as well as the sense line circuitry is under the control of the SLCS module.

2.2.2.2.3.1.6 Associative Search Control

This module controls the multi level and the single level associative search sequences and provides enabling control to the SLCS module which interfaces with the CMC and DAC.

2.2.2.2.3.2 initialization

FIG. 25 is a detailed picture of the Block Transfer Module of the DCU block diagram. The Register/bus structure and some control are retained on FIG. 25 (from FIG. 23) for clarity.

Before data transfers between core and drum (or DAC maintenance) can be made, the DCU must be initialized.

Initialization is the process initiated by a CPD, by which information is read from fixed locations in core (Initialization Table) into the registers of the DMS. This information contains directives and associated data necessary for execution of the DMS request. A copy of the Initialization Table is shown in the left column in DMS Appendix III. These locations are addressed by the IAR via bus D and the information is controlled by the initialization control and register control multiplex (see FIG. 25).

2.2.2.2.3.3 single Level Counter Start (SLCS)

The following operation description will refer to the SLCS flow chart, FIG. 25 and FIG. 23.

2.2.2.2.3.3.1 drum Write (SLCS-write)

For the SLCS drum write IR directive (see DMS Appendix II for IR format); the IR/LR, DAR, and CAR are loaded in the DMS during initialization. When complete, the DCU mode control circuit (FIG. 25) sets the write sequence circuits. The Write Sequence bit of the Error/Status register (bit 2, word 22) is set. For detailed sequential circuit conditions see the flow chart on FIG. 26. The notes along side of the functions on the flow chart indicate the timing of the hardware functions.

A core read request is issued (FIG. 25). The CMC responds with a "Data Available" pulse indicating that the word at the core location defined by the CAR is available on bus A. The word is then loaded into the CBR. The CAR is advanced (1) to address the next core location, and the LR is stepped (decremented because LR contains 2's complement) to indicate a word was transferred to the DCU. The command to "Start Counter Search" is given to the DMS. The address search continues on interlace 1 until match between the address field of the DAR and the particular angular index counter in the PA is found. If there are no errors the DBR is loaded from the CBR and the word is written on drum where address match was found. The above functions of "Core Read Request," "Data Available," load CBR, load DBR, step CAR and LR, and check for errors are continued on interlace 5 until the LR contains all zeros. At this point the Write Sequence status bit is reset and the Termination Sequence is triggered. The Termination Sequence circuits control the necessary functions for storing the present contents of the CAR (core address of last word read) into core memory, and setting the DCU Ready interrupt (see FIG. 25).

A CPD spill after this directive reveals

1. the original contents of the IR/LR

2. final Drum address

3. final core address

4. last word transferred in CBR

5. last word transferred in DBR

2.2.2.2.3.3.2 drum Write-Block Mark

If the DCU was placed in the Block Mark Mode (set bit 18 in IR), the last word written on drum will set its block mark bit, i.e. bit 26 of the last word will record a 1.

2.2.2.2.3.3.3 Drum Read (SLCS-read)

For the read drum (write core) drective (see Appendix II for IR format; the same DMS registers are loaded as for Drum Write. In other words initialization is similar, but when complete, the DCU mode control circuit sets the read sequence circuits. The Read Sequence bit of the Error/Status register (bit 3, word 22) is set. For detailed sequential circuit functions see Read Sequence on flow chart FIG. 26. The notes along the flow chart functions indicate which DCU timing pulses cause the action. After the read sequence circuits set up the buses required to receive data from drum, the command to the PA to "start counter search" between the address field of the DAR and the particular angular index counter in the PA is found.

The data at the coincidence address is sent to the DCU via bus A and held in the CBR and placed on the output bus (bus C). A "write request" is issued to core. After the word is stored in core at the location defined by the CAR, the CMC responds with a "Data Loaded" pulse. The CAR is advanced (1) to address the next core location, and the IR is stepped (decremented) to indicate a word was transferred to the CMC.

The DAC continually places words from drum into the DBR at an interlace 5 rate. The DCU loads the DBR word into the CBR, issues a "write request" to core and steps the CAR and LR after the "Data Loaded" response from core. Parity is checked at the DBR, on bus A as the data enters the DCU, and at bus C just before the "write request" is issued to the CMC. This process continues until the LR contains all zeroes in which case a block mark bit is checked (if block mark mode), the Read Sequence status bit is reset and the Termination Sequence begins. The DCU Ready interrupt (see FIG. 25) indicates the completion of the Termination Sequence.

2.2.2.2.3.3.4 Drum Read -- Block Mark

If the DCU was placed in the Block Mark mode (IR Bit 26-1). The last word to be transferred is defined by the state of the LR = all zeroes.

If these two conditions

1. LR = 0 2. DBR bit 26 = 1

do not occur simultaneously an error interrupt occurs. A CPD spill following a read sequence reveals

1. the original contents of the IR/LR

2. final drum address

3. final core address

4. last word transferred in CBR

2.2.2.2.3.4 associative Search

The associative search function of the DCU is basically a read drum write core operation where the data to be transferred is located by associatively searching the drum. There are two associative search sequences multilevel and single level associative search.

The multilevel associative search (MLS) provides for three levels of search and transfer, however, a fourth level of search can be obtained by having a counter search prior to the first associative search. The normal three levels of search can be either a search for counter or associative coincidence. Indirect addressing on drum is possible because of the overwrite feature of the MLS. This feature is the capability of drum data to specify the location of coincidence for the next level of search. From the time the MLS has entered the first level until termination, the DCU is controlled by the drum data.

The single level associative search (SLAS) provides for only one level of associative searching which may or may not be preceded by a counter search. The number of words to be skipped after associative coincidence is specified by the limit register and the number of words to be transferred is specified by the instruction register. Therefore, the number of words transferred is under the control of the initialization table (refer to DMS Appendix III) in core.

When the first associative coincidence is preceded by a counter search, the Block Mark (BM) bit will be checked. If the BM bit comes true while searching for this first associative coincidence, the level end flag will be set and cause an interrupt.

2.2.2.2.3.4.1 MLS Description

The operation or control of the MLS sequence is for the most part data driven. During the Initialization sequence all the control registers are loaded with data pertinent to MLS transfer. That is, the Instruction Register (IR) has the MLS directive and specifies the type of coincidence (counter of associative) to be encountered for each level of search. If all levels of search are not to be used, the unused levels must be specified counter coincidence. The Drum Address Register (DAR) contains the drum address if a counter search and the specified drum segment to be searched. The Core Address Register (CAR) contains the location in core where the first data word is to be written. All the Search Registers (SR) are loaded with information that specifies the drum address or data coincidence to be encountered before entering their respective levels of MLS. The Mask Register (MR) contains information that specifies which bits of their respective SR will be involved.

Upon completing the Initialization sequence, the DCU will enter the MLS sequence as specified by the directive in the Instruction Register. Other than the Search Register specifying the drum address or information coincidence at which the DCU should enter the next level of associative search, the control bits (21, 33 and 23) of the data read from drum will direct the DCU through the MLS sequence word by word until directed to enter the termination sequence.

There are nine possible control actions the DCU can follow as each word is read from drum during the MLS sequence. The action taken is determined by the control bits of the previous (CBR) and present (DBR) word read from drum, the present level of associative search, the present state of the DCU (read or search), and if the present word is a coincidence word (address or information coincidence). Refer to the MLS decision table for more detail information of the MLS control actions, FIG. 33 and MLS flow diagram FIG. 29.

2.2.2.2.3.4.1.1 mls operation

After completing the Initialization Sequence the MLS sequence is set. This will display the Drum Buffer Register (DBR) on the DAC data bus, enable the drum data on bus A, display the Core Buffer Register (CBR) on bus C, and display the appropriate SR and MR on the match bus and bus B, (refer to DCU Block Transfer and Associative Search Control diagrams FIGS. 25 and 28). The Read Enable latch and EN CAR CBR CTL latch will be set for the MLS sequence. The Read Enable lead will condition the DAC to respond to DCU control. The EN CAR CBR CTL lead will ready the Block Transfer Read Sequence circuitry necessary to transfer the DBR data via CBR into core.

If the MLS Transfer is a counter start, the Start Counter Search will be set and the DAC will look for coincidence between the specified counter and the DAR. When coincidence is found the DAC will go active; this will send Z counter to the DCU, start the DAC interlace counter, and load the word associated with counter coincidence in the DBR. There will be an MI-DCP2 Pulse at the interlace rate which will start the Pulse Distributor in sync with the interlace counter of the DAC. The DCU will start searching the data at the interlace rate and associative match will be tested every P3 of the Pulse Distributor.

If the MLS Transfer is not a counter start, the Start Search circuit will send a Continuous Read to the DAC. The DAC will start reading drum and loading the DBR every DCP1, and every DCP2 associative match will be tested. When associative coincidence is found, the Pulse Distributor will be started at P3 time and Z associative will synchronously start the DAC interlace counter. The DMS will now transfer data at the normal interlace rate.

At this point, the operation of the MLS sequence is controlled by the MLS decision table FIG. 33. The MLS Sequence Decode circuit will decode the control action to be taken for each word transferred. This action will be decoded and loaded in the action register every P3 time. The Action Encode Multiplex initiates the appropriate control at the proper P time, refer to the control action flow charts of FIGS. 31 and 32.

The following is a description of the nine actions which control the MLS transfer until entering the termination sequence.

These actions are decoded by the MLS Sequence Decode circuit and executed by the Action Encode Multiplex. The following is a list of the associative search control actions:

1. Enter Next Level (ENL)

2. read Present Word (RPW)

3. drum Modify Search Word (DMSW)

4. drum Modify Mask Word (DMMW)

5. reset Read Latch (RRL)

6. previous Word Interrupt (PVWI)

7. present Word Interrupt (PSWI)

8. level End Interrupt (LEI)

9. invalid Action Interrupt (IAI)

ENTER NEXT LEVEL, every new level is started by an ENL action at P3 time. This Decoded action will set the ENL latch refer to the ENL flow chart (FIG. 31). At P4 time the Read latch will be set. This will send a Core Write Request, via DCU Block Transfer Control, to write each succeeding word from drum into core. The Level Register will be advanced to n + 1 (P4 trailing edge). The DAR, which will contain the address +8 of the word now in the DBR, will be displayed on bus A. Then at P5 time the DAR address will be loaded into SR (n), and at P1 time the DBR will be redisplayed on bus A. P2 will load the DBR into the CBR and set the Write Request latch. The modified search or mask register flag bits (23 and 22) will be enabled, so at P4 + 1 time the flag bits will be loaded in the MR along with the Core address of the coincidence word being written into Core. Bit 23 set indicates this level search register had been overwritten by the drum prior to ENL however, the drum can only overwrite level two and three search and mask registers. Bit 22 set indicates this level mask register has been overwritten prior to ENL control action. At P3 + 1 time a new action latch will be set and at P4 + 1 the MR will be loaded, as previously described and at P5 + 1 the ENL will be reset.

READ PRESENT WORD, there is no decode for the RPW action. If the read latch was set by the previous word control action and there is no present action decoded, the next P2 will set a write request and the present word will be written into core. DRUM MODIFY SEARCH WORD. This action is the search word overwrite feature of the DCU. At P3 time the decoded action sets the DMSW action latch. At P4 time the next level search register is reset and the Read Latch is set. At P5 the modifying drum word is loaded into the next level SR with the proper control bit corrections. That is, if the next level search is a counter search the control bits of the drum word will not be altered (000), if (n) is level 1 and searching associatively the control bits will be changed to 100, and if (n) is level 2 and searching associatively the control bits will be altered to 110. At this time the DMSW flag bit will be set to be used for the next ENL action. P2 time a core write request will be set to write the modifying drum word into core. The control bits of this word will not be altered (000).

DRUM MODIFY MASK WORD. This action is similar to the DMSW with the exception of modifying the Mask Register and the control bits load into the MR will always be altered to 110.

RESET READ LATCH. This action will stop the transfer of data from drum to core and continue searching if the next level is associative coincidence. If the next level is to be entered via counter coincidence, this action must load the new drum address into the DAR and start the counter search on interlace one.

At P3 the RRL action is set. At P4 the Read latch is reset to stop transferring to core; also the Read Control Bits latch is reset, this is to avoid decoding any control action until detecting a coincidence word. If entering the next level is via associative coincidence, detecting Z assoc (coincidence) will set the ENL latch. This will complete the RRL action. If a counter search, P4 will reset Read Enable thus deactivating the DAC. After receiving Data Loaded from core and stepping CAR, Parity C AS will be set. This will permit checking bus C parity while loading the new DAR address during P2. At P5+1 time, the pulse distributor will be reset for interlace one searching. When the DAC has selected the new segment a Start Counter Search will be sent and the next level will be entered on Z counter.

PREVIOUS WORD INTERRUPT. This action will reset the Read latch, Read Enable, EN CAR CBR CTL, and Read Control Bits latch at P4 time. Resetting Read Enable will capture in the DAR the drum address +13 of the last word written into core. Resetting EN CAR CBR CTL will capture in the CBR the last word written in core. Then, P2 will activate the SET END SEQ AS lead and the DCU will enter the normal termination sequence.

PRESENT WORD INTERRUPT. This action will reset Read Enable on P4 which will capture in the DAR the drum address +8 of the last word to be written. This will also capture in the DBR the last word to be written in core. At P2 time the Read Control Bits latch will be reset and a write request will be issued to write this last word in core. During P4+1 the Read latch will be reset to halt issuing any further write requests also EN CAR CBR CTL will be reset which will capture in the CAR the core address of the last word in core and hold in the CBR the last word written in core. At P2+1 the DCU will enter the normal termination sequence.

LEVEL END INTERRUPT. This action is identical to PSWI control action mentioned above with the exceptions, at P4 time the Read latch is set and a level end flag is set in the Error/Status Word 18 bit 14. The Read Latch is set to write the present word (the DBR word) into core.

INVALID ACTION INTERRUPT. This control action will not reset the Read latch, but will inhibit initiating any further write request. The Read latch is an indicator bit in the Error/Status word 18 bit 20 which will indicate the status of transfer when the interrupt occurred. The DAR will capture the drum address +8 of the word held in the DBR. If interrupt occurred while writing core, the CBR will contain the word being written and the CAR will contain the address of the same word. If the DCU was searching at the time of interrupt, the CBR would not contain intuitively meaningful information, however the CAR will contain the location at which the next word would have been put into core. At P2 time the DCU will enter the Error Termination sequence.

2.2.2.2.3.4.2 SLAS Description.

The SLAS is a single level transfer in which the data is located via information coincidence and the size of transfer is specified by the initialization table in core.

During the Initialization Sequence, the control registers are loaded with information necessary to perform a Single Level Associative Search (SLAS). The Instruction Register (IR) will contain the SLAS directive with or without a counter start (CS) and the WCT field which will specify the number of words to be transferred. The Limit Register will contain the complement of the number of words to be skipped (indexed) before transferring data. The first level Search and Mask registers will be loaded with the search information. The Core Address Register (CAR) will specify the address in core to start loading data. The Drum Address Register (DAR) will specify the segment to search and, if a counter start, specify the drum address to start associative searching, refer the SLAS flow diagram FIG. 30.

2.2.2.2.3.4.2.1 slas operation

After the Initialization Sequence is completed, the SLAS sequence will be set. This will display the DBR on the DAC data bus, enable the drum data on bus A, display the CBR on bus C, and display the level one SR and MR on the match bus B, (refer to DCU Block Transfer and Associative Search Control diagrams FIGS. 25 and 28). This will also set the Read Enable and EN CAR CBR CTL latches.

If the SLAS is not a counter start (CS) sequence, the DCU will associatively search the data from drum, on interlace one. If a CS sequence, the DAC will search for the drum address specified by the DAR. Upon counter coincidence, the DCU will begin searching associatively on interlace five.

Upon obtaining information coincidence, the ENL control action (refer to FIG. 31) will be set. This will cause the coincidence word to be written into core and will step (increment) the limit register. Each word read from drum will now increment the LR. When the LR equals zero, the Read Latch will be set and all successive words will be written into core. This will continue until the LR equals the WCT field of the instruction register. LR, WCT coincidence will reset Read Enable, Read Latch, and the EN CAR CBR CTL latch, thus capturing the last word in core in the DBR and CBR. The DAR will capture the drum address +8 and the CAR will capture the core address of the last word in core. The SLAS sequence will then relinquish control to the normal termination sequence.

There is a Block Mark (BM) check for the SLAS sequence without CS. If bit 26 (BM bit) of bus A is true for the associative coincidence word or any succeeding word prior to the last word transferred, the SLAS BM error will be set. This will relinquish control to the Error Termination sequence and will cause an error interrupt.

2.2.2.2.3.5 Termination Sequence (TS)

The Termination Sequence is an automatic sequence of the DCU which occurs at the completion of a DCU process. The contents of the CAR are dumped into location 24 (bits 0 thru 14) of the Initialization Table (FIG. A of Appendix III).

After the dump, a DCU interrupt is set. If the DMS process was completed with no errors, the DCU Ready interrupt follows the Termination Sequence.

FIG. 25 shows the input control to the Termination Sequence as outputs from the End Sequence. The End Sequence is a transient state providing the hardware link between drum-core transfers and Termination.

It should be noted that a Termination Sequence which follows an Error Termination Sequence will also dump the low order bits of the IAR.

2.2.2.2.3.6 error Termination Sequence (ETS)

When an error is detected the three error/status indicator words (E/S words) will be dumped into locations 18, 20, and 22 of the table giving details of the error and status of the DMS at the time of the error. The 5 low order bits of the LAR are captured into bits 15-19 of the CAR at the time of the error and are dumped into core by the normal termination sequence. A DCU Error Interrupt follows, and the DCU ERR/STATUS IN CORE sense line is set indicating a successful transfer of the error status indicator words in core.

(See FIG. 25). The status of the captured IAR bits in the CAR may be important for diagnostics depending upon when the error occurred. For example, the TS which follows an ETS from an error that occurred during initialization would reveal the last location of the table that was loaded into the DMS. An error during the execution of one of the data transfer directives causing the IAR to be captured would reveal the last entry read during initialization.

During a CPD Spill (see section 2.2.3.1.3), the captured IAR bits should display the state of the IAR just as the Error Termination Sequence is entered or 18 (10010), providing another check.

A hardware description of the TS and ETS is contained in the flow chart (FIG. 27). The notes along the flow chart functions indicate which DCU timing pulses cause the action in the boxes.

2.2.2.2.3.7 Forced Errors

The DCU has the hardware capability of checking some of its error detecting circuits. Certain bits of the E/S words will be set (1) if the particular detectors are working properly. This forced error routining of the DCU is possible thru the CPD Maintenance command which is discussed fully in section 2.2.3.1.4.

2.2.2.2.3.8 Spill

Under the control of CPD (CPD Spill) the DCU can dump all registers (including E/S words) of the DMS into the initialization table -- see the spill format shown in the right hand column of DMS, Appendix III.

2.2.3 interface

the following section will present the DMS from an interface point of view. The CPD control (interface with CCP) will be discussed in detail. Since sense lines reveal the states of the DCU, these states and a thorough analysis of the DCU sense and interrupt lines will be considered. The memory protect system and finally the core access characteristics of the DCU will be deliberated. Refer to FIG. 34 for access-response characteristics of the DCU.

2.2.3.1 cpd directives (Control Pulse Directives)

The CPD lines interface with the CCP thru the CMC. There are four CPD commands. Two data and one CPD line sent to the DMS. The CPD clears or begins processing in the DMS.

2.2.3.1.1 cpd clear (DLO = 0, DL1 = 0)

This CPD completely clears the DMS. All registers except for the IAR, all error latches, all control and sequence circuits are reset. If the machine has successfully cleared, the DCU IDLE sense line will be set. No interrupt will occur. When the CPD pulse is removed, the machine will be cleared and the IDLE sense line may be checked.

Under normal conditions (no error) the CPD Clear should be issued when either the DCU READY or DCU ERROR sense line is set. The directive may, however, be issued while the DCU is active. In this event, the job will be aborted after the completion of the present core request. An Error Termination Sequence will follow and bit 21 word 22 in the ITE will be set. Termination will set the DCU ERROR interrupt. A CPD Clear may now be issued to clear the DMS. If the double CPD is used to abort DCU processing and the interrupt is not desired, the following sequence of instructions must be used:

1. Set Input Test Register -- Cause Port Malfunction

2. Reset Input Test Register -- Restore Port

3. Reset Port on Line Register -- Since the REI below will initiate DCU requests (ETS), the CMC must ignore the requests.

4. REI -- Removes Port Malfunction

5. LLR 48 -- Wait 24 microsec. for DCU Core Access Trouble to be set. Inhibits DCU Interrupt.

6. DMS CPD Clear -- Reset DMS

7. set Port on Line Register -- Restore POLR.

2.2.3.1.2 cpd initialize (DLO = 1, DL1 = 0)

This CPD command begins initialization which is the process of loading the various registers in the DMS from an area in core called the Initialization Table (ITE, DMS, Appendix III). Each word is alternately copied back in core for parity checks. The even locations (left hand side of DMS, Appendix III) are read into the DMS registers and the odd locations are filled with a copy of the registers by writing back into core from the corresponding register of the DMS. The process follows an alternate read core-write core pattern.

Referring to FIGS. 23 and 25, the data is received over bus A, loaded in a register and placed on bus C (via bus B is required) and sent back to core. For the DAR, the cross transfer of bus A to bus B to bus C (see FIG. 25) is used to go from core to drum or from drum to core. In this manner, the integrity of the data, the DMS registers, and the DMS buses is checked by parity checking schemes in the DMS and CMC. If a parity error is detected in the DMS, the word is still copied back into core, but an attempt is made to correct the parity via (bit 24) at the output bus as it is written back in core. This way the core will always see correct parity, but a comparison between adjacent entries of the Initialization Table can be made in core to locate the erroneous bit if required.

During initialization, the complement of the core data is loaded into the LR; however, the actual uncomplemented value is copied back into core. The complement is loaded into the LR because this register will be decremented by the input clock pulses. The number of words read into the DMS registers (initialized) from the Initialization Table (ITE) and the time involved depends upon the directive in the IR as illustrated in the table below with reference to the ITE figure (DMS, Appendix III).

__________________________________________________________________________ Locations Locations Execution Register read from Written in Directive Time Loaded ITE (DMS ITE (DMS in LR (DMS micro- in DMS Appendix III) Appendix III) Appendix II) seconds __________________________________________________________________________ A IR/LR 0 1 DAC Maint 15 B A+DAR+CAR 0,2,4 1,3,5 Block Trans 45 Write or Read C B+SR1+MR1 B+6+8 B+7+9 SLAS 90 D C+SR2+MR2 C+10+12 C+11+13 MLS 135 +SR3+MR3 +14+16 +15+17 __________________________________________________________________________

During this sequence the Initialization Sequence status bit of the error/status register of the DCU (Bit 0, word 22 in ITE) is set until the last register is loaded.

2.2.3.1.3 CPD Spill (DL0 = 0, DL1 = 1)

When this CPD is issued all DCU and DAC registers are dumped into the odd locations of the initialization table, and the three error status indicator words are dumped into locations 18, 20 and 22. The CPD Spill command utilizes the Initialization Sequence with dummy reads, Error Termination Sequence, and the Termination Sequence. The CPD Spill format is shown in the right hand column of DMS Appendix III.

Location 23 should contain all zeros if there are no faults, indicating the quiescent state of busses B and C. When the CAR is dumped in location 24, bits 15-19 will contain the low order bits of the IAR. If the spill is successful, these bits should display 18 or

Location 24 1 0 0 1 0 CAR in ITE 25 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 0

indicating the state of this register just as the Error Termination portion of the spill is entered. These bits have a different meaning when the CAR is dumped in location during the termination sequence of an error interrupt on DCU interrupts.

The meaning of the data dumped in the other locations is shown in the right hand column of DMS Appendix III. The CPD Spill takes 25 drum interlace periods or about 188 microsec.

2.2.3.1.4 CPD Maintenance (DL0=1, DL=1)

This CPD command can be used to check certain error detecting circuits of the DCU. When issued, the DMS will proceed as though a normal Initialize CPD was issued. After initialization, the instruction in the IR will be executed followed by normal termination.

The difference, however, is the DCU will be forced to detect certain errors. The error detectors will be set at the proper time during the CPD Maintenance Sequence but an Error Termination Sequence will not begin when the error occurs as would begin when an error occurs during any normal data transfer processing. This means that the indiciator bits of the particular error detecting circuits being checked will not be automatically dumped into core as they normally are following an error. A CPD spill request is necessary to dump into core the words containing the error/status indicator bits (words 18, 20, and 22 of the Initialization Table). If the error detecting circuits are working, ones should be present for certain indicator bits depending upon which directive was in the IR when CPD Maintenance was issued. If at least one of the error detecting circuits has detected the simulated error, the spill will be followed by a DCU Error interrupt.

1. CPD Maintenance -- Write Drum directive in IR. When CPD Maintenance is issued with a drum write directive in the IR, six indicator bits and one sense line should be set. The set indicator bits should be:

1. DAC ERROR -- bit 19 word 22 in ITE

2. dac parity -- bit 5 word 20 in ITE

3. bus a parity -- bit 22 word 22 in ITE

4. bus c parity -- bit 23 word 22 in ITE

5. pd skew -- bit 22 word 18 in ITE

6. read time out error -- bit 12 word 22 in ITE

The CORE ACCESS TRBL sense line will also be set because of the READ TIME OUT ERROR.

2. cpd maintenance-Read Drum Directive in IR. With a read drum directive in the IR, the same error bits except for 1 and 2 above should be set.

3. CPD Maintenance -- Other directive in IR. The CORE ACCESS TRBL sense line and READ TIME OUT ERROR (bit 12 word 22 in ITE) may be set by issuing a CPD Maintenance with a directive other than Read Drum or Write Drum in the IR.

The parity errors are detected by a technique of inhibiting three bits (21, 22 and 23) at the input bus (bus A). i.e., a word with correct parity from drum (core) may be used because the bad parity simulation takes place at the Data Bus A Multiplex circuit (FIG. 25). This approach eliminated the need to write bad parity in core or on drum since the bus A control for bits 21, 22 and 23 are handled separately because of Associative Search Requirements. It must be remembered; however; that bits 21, 22, and 23 of the known word as it exists in core or on drum must contain odd parity. Inhibiting them therefore causes even (bad parity in the DCU).

The execution time of CPD Maintenance is determined by the directive in the IR.

2.2.3.2 sense Lines and Interrupts

The DMS contains 10 sense lines to interface with the CCP (thru the CMC). Two of these sense lines are interrupts. The DMS sense lines provide indications of the present state of the machine. They are used; 1) as an aid in diagnostics when the E/S words are not available and 2) to indicate present states of the DMS which could be necessary information to the CCP before and/or after certain action is taken involving the DMS.

2.2.3.2.1 dcu interrupts

The two sense lines that interrupt the CCP are DCU READY AND DCU ERROR. The DCU Termination Sequence is followed by a DCU READY Interrupt if processing was successful (errorless). The DCU ERROR Interrupt is set indicating that an error or a CPD violation has been detected. A special case of the DCU ERROR interrupt is DCU TIME OUT detection.

The interrupts may be inhibited by the DCU ON LINE interface control from the CMC. In other words, the DMS may be accessed for normal processing but the interrupts will not be set.

2.2.3.2.2 DCU STATES

Table 1 below contains a summary of the basic states of the DMS. State (1) is the only state from which a data transfer directive may be issued. Tables 2 and 3 show other DMS States and are discussed in the sections on memory protect and core access problems.

TABLE 1 -- DCU STATES __________________________________________________________________________ DCU State Sense Lines Description DCU DCU DCU RDY ERR IDLE __________________________________________________________________________ (1) 0 0 1 DMS is IDLE and READY for any CPD (2) 0 0 0 MS is ACTIVE or QUIESCENT (see TABLE 2) (3) 1 0 0 DMS has completed task. Waiting See (B) of FIG. 34. (4) 0 1 0 An error was detected. Waiting See (B) of FIG. __________________________________________________________________________ 34.

TABLE 2 -- DCU STATES FROM CORE ACCESS PROBLEM __________________________________________________________________________ PORT MAL- PORT MAL- CORE DCU FUNCTION FUNCTION ACCESS DCU INTERRUPT DCU CMC TIME (ONE CMC) (OTHER CMC) TRBL STATE SET BY TRBL TRBL OUT __________________________________________________________________________ 1 1 0 QUIESCENT CMC 1 0 0 1 0 0 QUIESCENT CMC 0 1 0 0 1 0 QUIESCENT CMC 0 1 0 0 0 1 QUIESCENT DCU 1 0 1 then INTERRUPT 1 0 1 QUIESCENT CMC 0 1 0 0 1 1 QUIESCENT CMC 0 1 0 1 1 1 QUIESCENT CMD 1 0 0 DCU-CMC SENSE LINE MP BIT AREAS IN CORE CONTROL Privileged Working Memory Prot Block Init Elsewhere Transfer With Table Bit 25 Trans 0 0 0 Yes Yes No 0 0 1 DCU ERROR 0 1 0 No Yes No 0 1 1 DCU ERROR 1 0 0 Yes Yes Yes 1 0 1 Yes Yes Yes 1* 1* 0 No Yes No) Impossible 1* 1* 1 No Yes No) __________________________________________________________________________ *NOTE -- last two entries are normally impossible

2.2.3.3 Memory Protect Scheme

Bit 25 of all the registers in the DMS is the memory protect bit defining protected or unprotected locations in core (bit set or not set respectively). Bit 1 of the IR sets the DCU in the privileged transfer mode.

In writing drum the memory protect bit 25 will be recorded as it comes from core. In reading the drum, when the privileged transfer bit (bit 19 = 0 in IR) is not set, an error will be detected when the drum word being read has a memory protect bit set. An Error Termination Sequence and a DCU ERROR interrupt will follow. The word will not be written into core. When the DCU is not privileged, only words with bit 25-0 may be written into core. In reading drum when the DCU is privileged, words will be written into core regardless of the status of the memory protect bit 25. Memory protection is extended further by the "WORKING WITH TABLE" sense line. This line is set when the DCU is reading or writing into the initialization table. The two areas in core reserved for data transfers from the DMS are the Initialization Table Area (32 or 64 words) and the Block Transfer Area 2000 words). Table 3 in section 3.2.2 shows the locations in core that may be written for the various combinations of the "Privileged Transfer" control line, "WORKING WITH TABLE" sense line and Memory Protect bit 25. The "NO" entries in Table 3 imply that if an attempt is made to write in these core areas under these conditions, the error will be detected by the CMC.

The drum address of the last word transferred when a memory protect error occurs may be calculated. The word containing the memory protect violation will not be written into core.

Drum address of last word transferred =

dar.sub.initial + 5(lr.sub.initial - lr.sub.final - 2)

where

Dar.sub.initial = location 2 of ITE

Lr.sub.initial = location 0 of ITE (bits 0-14)

Lr.sub.final = location 1 of ITE (bits 0-14) after CPD Spill

2.2.3.4 Core Interface

The DMS is placed on line by the DCU ON LINE control signal from the CMC. This signal enables the DCU READY and DCU ERROR interrupt gates. To test the interface cables and cards all outputs to the CMC may be set to a logic 1 by the TEST CMC INPUTS control from the CMC. Core Address (15 bits and 1 parity) is provided over DCU bus D (FIG. 25). 26 data bits are received from core via bus A and sent to core via bus C.

To read core, the DCU sets a CORE READ REQUEST. Within one interlace period the CMC will select the identifying DCU port and fetch the word at the location defined by the address on bus D of the DCU. When the data is available to the DCU, the CMC sends a DATA AVAILABLE PULSE.

To write core, the DCU sets a CORE WRITE REQUEST. Within one interlace period the CMC will write the data present on DCU bus C at the core location defined by the address on DCU bus D. When complete, the CMC responds with a DATA LOADED PULSE.

2.2.3.5 maintenance

2.2.3.5.1 DCU Error Status Indicators (E/S words).

The following section describes each bit of the three E/S words. The description indicates when each bit is set and reset, drum location and other register status when applicable.

2.2.3.5.1.1 DCU E/S Indicator Word 22

The following is a description of the error/status indicator bits of the DCU indicator word 22.

Bit 0 -- Initialization Sequence (Init. Seq. Ind). Bit 0 is set in the DCU only when the DCU is in its initialization sequence, Bit 0 set in the initialization table indicates an error was detected during the initialization sequence.

Bit 1 -- Error Initialization Sequence (Err Init Seq Status). Bit 1 is set in the DCU when it has been issued a CPD initialize command while in an error interrupt state (DCU ERROR interrupt set). Bit 1 is reset when the ets begins. It must always be reset in the ITE.

Bit 2 -- Write Sequence (Write Seq Ind). Bit 2 is set in the DCU is reading from core and writing on drum. Bit 2 set in the initialization table indicates an error was detected during the Write Sequence for these conditions the LR contains the number of words -2 remaining to be written on drum.

Bit 3 -- Read Sequence (Read Seq Ind). Bit 3 is set in the DCU when it is reading from drum and writing into core. If set in the initialization table, an error was detected during the Read Sequence. The LR contains the number of words -1 remaining to be written into core.

Bit 4 -- Single Level Associative Search (SLAS Ind). Bit 4 is set in the DCU when it is in the SLAS sequence. If an error occurs during this sequence bit 4 will be set in the initialization table in core.

Bit 5 -- Multi Level Associative Search (MLS Ind) Bit 5 is set in the DCU when it is in the MLS sequence. If an error occurs during this sequence, bit 5 will be set in the initialization table in core.

Bit 6 -- Termination Sequence (Term Seq Ind). Bit 6 is set in the DCU during the Termination Sequence. This bit must always be reset in the ITE.

Bit 7 -- Error Termination Sequence (ETS Ind) This bit is set in the DCU, when the machine is dumping the three E/S words into locations 18, 20 and 22 of the initialization table. The bit should be set in the core table.

Bit 8 -- CPD Spill (CPD Spill Ind) The CPD Spill bit is set when CPD requests a dump of all registers and E/S words of the DMS into core. This bit is provided to inform the operator that a CPD spill was requested.

Bit 9 -- CPD Maintenance (CPD Maint Ind). Bit 9 is set in the DCU when the CPD Maintenance Directive is issued. This bit remains set until the next CPD clear is issued. In other words this bit will be set (written) in core by a CPD spill following CPD Maintenance.

Bit 10 -- Maintenance Sequence (Maint Seq Ind). Bit 10 is set in the DCU when it begins executing the DAC Maintenance directive specified in the IR.

Bit 11 -- Write Block Mark. (Write BM Ind). This bit is set in the DCU during the Write Sequence when the last word is written on drum. This bit must always be reset in the ITE.

Bit 12 -- Read Time Out Error (RTOE Err). This bit indicates that response to a CORE READ REQUEST was not received in the proper time.

Bit 13 -- Begin Error Termination Sequence (BETS Ind). This bit is set in the DCU whenever an error is detected. The bit is set in the initialization table if the E/S word dump was preceded by a detected error, as opposed to a CPD spill request and no existing errors.

Bit 14 -- ( - ) En A/D to Core. When bit 14 is reset in the DCU, bus A, C, and D are enabled for a drum read. This bit should always be set in the E/S words of the initialization table.

Bit 15 -- ( - ) En A/D to Drum. When this bit is reset in the DCU, bus A, C, and D are enabled for a drum write. See bit 14.

Bit 16 -- DCU Time Out (DCU Time Out Ind). Bit 16 indicates that a 23 drum revolution time period (approx. 385 ms) has elapsed between a CPD command and a DCU interrupt. The Selected Counter in the PA is captured and loaded into the DAR when the time out occurs.

Bit 17 -- Memory Protect Error (MP Err Ind). Bit 17 is set in the initialization table when an unprivileged DCU attempts to transfer (read a protected word from drum to core). The word causing the error is frozen in the DBR and does not get written into core. The number of words transferred =

LR.sub.I - LR.sub.f - 1

The drum address of the word containing the error may be found by

DA + 5 (LR.sub.I - LR.sub.f - 1)

where

Da = initial drum address

Lr.sub.i = initial contents of LR

Lr.sub.f = final contents of LR

The CAR contains the core address or core +1 of the last word written in core.

Bit 18 -- Block Mark Error -- SLCS (BM Err SLCS Ind) Bit 18 is set in the initialization table when the conditions below do not occur simultaneously during a read drum sequence:

1. LR = 0

2. block Mark Bit = 1

The word in the CBR when the error is detected is frozen and written into core. The drum address of this word may be found:

DA + 5 (LR.sub.I - LR.sub.f - 2)

The number of words transferred =

LR.sub.I - LR.sub.f - 1

(See bit 17 for definition of terms)

The CAR contains the core address or core address +1 of the last word written in core.

Bit 19 -- DAC Error (DAC Error (DAC Err Ind) The Drum Access Circuit Error Indicator is set in the initialization table when an error is detected in the PA or drum access circuits. (See E/S word 20)

Bit 20 -- Initialization Error (Init Err Ind). Bit 20 is set of the DCU is initialized with a data transfer directive in the IR and the DCU is in the READY or ERROR interrupt state.

Bit 21 -- CPD Error (CPD Err Ind) CPD Error is set in the initialization table when the DCU receives a CPD during a DCU active mode (processing). Where the LR is used the number of words transferred may be found by:

LR.sub.I - LR.sub.f - 1

Bit 22 -- Bus A Parity (Bus A Par Err Ind). Bit 22 is set when even parity is detected at Bus A (input bus). During a SLCS drum read, bus A parity error will freeze the word in the DBR and its drum address + 12 will be loaded into the DAR. The word will be parity corrected at bus C and written into core. The CAR contains the core address or core address + 1 of the word written into core. The number of words transferred may be found by:

LR.sub.I - LR.sub.f - 1

When writing drum, bus A parity checks the word from core. An error will freeze the word in the CBR and the word will not be written on drum. The CAR contains the address + 1 of the error detected word. The number of words transferred to drum may be found by:

LR.sub.I - LR.sub.f - 2

Bit 23 -- Bus C Parity (Bus C Par Err Ind). Bit 23 is set when even parity is detected at Bus C (output bus). During a SLCS drum read, bus C parity error will freeze the word in the DBR and its drum address + 12 will be loaded into the DAR. The word is parity corrected at bus C and written into core. The CAR contains the core address or the core address + 1 of the word written into core. The number of words transferred may be found by:

LR.sub.I - LR.sub.f - 1

When writing drum, bus C parity error freezes the word in the CBR, and the word will not be written on drum. The CAR contains the core address + 1 of the error detected word. The number of words transferred to drum may be found by:

LR.sub.I - LR.sub.f - 2

2.2.3.5.1.2 DCU E/S Indicator Word 18

The following is a description of the error/status indicator bits of the DCU indicator word 18.

Bit 0 -- The Previous Word Interrupt bit (PVWI STAT) is set during the PVWI action for the MLS sequence. If an error occurs at this time bit 0 will be set in the initialization table (ITE).

Bit 1 -- The Present Word Interrupt bit (PSWI STAT) is set for one interlace cycle (P.sub.3 to P.sub.3 + 1) during the PSWI action of the MLS sequence. If an error occurs at this time bit 1 will be set in the initialization table (ITE).

Bit 2 -- The Level End Interrupt Bit (LEI STAT) is for one interlace cycle (P.sub.3 to P.sub.3 + 1) during the LEI action of the MLS sequence. If an error occurs at this time bit 2 will be set in the initialization table (ITE).

Bit 3 -- The Invalid Action Interrupt bit (LAI STAT) is set during the IAI action of the MLS sequence. This action is an error condition, and the DCU will enter the Error Termination Sequence (ETS) and bit 3 will be set in the ITE.

Bit 4 -- The Enter Next Level bit (ENL STAT) is set for one interlace cycle (P.sub.3 to P.sub.3 + 1) during the ENL action of the MLS sequence. If an error occurs at this time bit 4 will be set in the ITE.

Bit 5 -- The drum Modify Mark Register bit (DMMR STAT) is set during the DMMW action of the MLS sequence. If an error occurs at this time bit 5 will be set in the ITE.

Bit 6 -- The Drum Modify Search Register Bit (DMSR STAT) is set during the DMSW action of the MLS sequence. If an error occurs at this time bit 5 will be set in the ITE.

Bit 7 -- The Reset Read Latch bit (RRL STAT) is set for one interlace cycle (P.sub.3 to P.sub.3 + 1) of the RRL action of the MLS sequence. If an error occurs at this time bit 7 will be set in the ITE.

Bit 8 -- Level 2 or level 3 bit (L.sub.2 + L.sub.3), this bit is set when the DCU is in level 2 or level 3 of the MLS Sequence. If an error occurs while in either level bit 8 will be set in the ITE. If a CPD spill is initiated after an MLS sequence and this bit becomes set in the ITE, the MLS sequence terminated in level 2 or level 3. To determine which level, it is necessary to refer also to bit 9 of E/S word 18.

Bit 9 -- Level 1 or Level 3 bit (L.sub.1 + L.sub.3), this bit functions the same as the preceding bit 8 except, bit 9 indicates the MLS sequence terminated in level 1 or 3.

Bit 10 -- The drum Modify Mask Word bit (DMMW BIT) is set if the drum has overwritten the mask register, and will remain set until the DCU enters the next level of MLS sequence. If an error occurred during this time bit 11 will be set in the ITE.

Bit 11 -- The drum Modify Mask Word bit (DMMW BIT) is set if the drum has overwritten the mask register, and will remain set until the DCU enters the next level of MLS sequence. If an error occurred during this time bit 11 will be set in the ITE.

Bit 12 -- The Drum Modify Search Word bit (DMSW BIT) is set if the drum has overwritten the search register, and will remain set until the DCU enters the next level of MLS sequence. If an error occurred during this time bit 12 will be set in the ITE.

Bit 13 -- The Read Control Bits bit (READ CTL BITS) is set when the MLS sequence is scanning the CBR and DBR control bits (21-23). The scanning of control bits starts with coincidence to enter a level and continues until a reset read latch or interrupt action is entered. This bit 13 must always be 0 in the ITE.

Bit 14 -- The Level End Interrupt Flag bit (LEIF) is set when level 1 or 2 coincidence cannot be found for a MLS sequence. This bit will also be set if, for a SLAS or MLS sequence with a counter start, a block mark is detected after counter coincidence (Z counter) and prior to associative coincidence (Z assoc.).

Bit 15 -- The Pulse Distributor Bit 1 (PAD BIT 1) is set for the counts of P.sub.2 and P.sub.4 but must always be 0 in the ITE.

Bit 16 -- The Pulse Distributor Bit 2 (INTERL STRAP 6) is set for the counts of P.sub.3 and P.sub.4, but must always be 0 in the ITE.

Bit 17 -- The Pulse Distributor Bit 3 (PD BIT 3) is set for the count of P.sub.5, but must always be 0 in the ITE.

Bit 18 -- The Associative Search Sequence bit (ASSEQ) is set when the DCU is in a SLAS or MLS sequence, but bit 18 must always be 0 in the ITE.

Bit 19 -- The Distributor Enable bit (DIST EN) is set when the Pulse Distributor is enabled, but bit 19 must always be 0 in the ITE.

Bit 20 -- The Invalid Action Interrupt Error bit (IAI ERROR) is set if there is an invalid combination of control bits, read latch status, coincidence status, and MLS sequence level. This invalid combination will cause an error interrupt and bit 20 in the ITE will be set.

Bit 21 -- The Block Mark Error bit (BM ERROR BIT) is set if the DCU is performing a SLAS counter start sequence and a block mark is detected after associative coincidence and before the last word of the transfer. This error will cause an error interrupt and bit 21 in the ITE will be set.

Bit 22 -- The Pulse Distributor Skew bit (PD SKEW) is set when the pulse distributor and the DAC interlace counter are not in synchronization. This will cause an error interrupt and bit 22 in the ITE will be set.

Bit 23 -- The Invalid Operation Code bit (INVALID OP) is true when the OP Code field of the instruction register is invalid. This will cause an error interrupt and bit 23 in the ITE will be set.

2.2.3.5.2 DAC Error/Status Indicators

A 24 bit word for storing a record of the operational status of the DAC circuitry has been assigned to the DAC. This word will be stored at address 20 of the Initialization Table as a result of a DCU error termination sequence or a CPD spill. These 24 bits indicate the status of 19 error detectors and 5 status monitoring points in the DAC. A bit set to 1 denotes the true condition in all cases. Bits 0 through 8 are assigned to Peripheral Adapter; bits 9 through 15 are assigned to the Clock Circuits; bit 16 indicates Block Mark status for the word currently in the DBR; and bits 17 through 23 are assigned to the Recording Circuits. A description of each indicator bit follows.

2.2.3.5.2.1 DAC Error Detector and Status Indicator Descriptions

Bit 0 -- Mode Error - Indicates a discrepancy between the RWI bit of the Drum Address Register (DAR) and the directive in the instruction register, the error latch will be set on the trailing edge of the first DCP1 after READ ENABLE or WRITE ENABLE (from DCU becomes true).

Bit 1 -- Invalid Segment Error -- Indicates that an attempt has been made to select a segment that is not assigned to that particular DCU. The error latch will be set when ROUTE TO DAR is sent from the DCU to the PA. DAC ERROR will not be enabled until READ ENABLE or WRITE ENABLE becomes true.

Bit 2 -- Protected Segment Error -- Indicates that an attempt has been made to write in a read only segment. The error latch will be set when WRITE ENABLE becomes true. This error indication can be inhibited by operating a manual switch which is mounted on the Segment Decode card.

Bit 3 -- Binary Counter Error -- Detects a binary counter failure or the absence of counter clock or reset pulses. The error latch will be set on the first Drum Reset Pulse (DRP) after the error occurs. DAC ERROR will not be enabled until READ ENABLE or WRITE ENABLE becomes true.

Bit 4 -- BCD Counter Error -- Detects a BCD counter failure or the absence of counter clock or reset pulses. The error latch will be set on the first Drum Reset Pulse (DRP) after the error occurs. DAC ERROR will not be enabled until READ ENABLE or WRITE ENABLE becomes true.

Bit 5 -- DAC Parity Error -- Detects a parity error in the data in the Drum Buffer Register (DBR). The error latch will be set appr. 450 ns after the word is loaded into the DBR. The count sent to the Drum Address Register (DAR) when the error occurs will be the data words address + 8 for a write operation.

Bit 6 -- Route Error -- The error occurs if

1. a Route to DAR is sent while the PA is active

2. a Route to DBR is sent while the PA is inactive.

The error latch will be set on one of these two signals depending upon the fault location:

Bit 7 -- PA Active -- PA Active is a storage element which is set when the PA is transferring data to or from the Drum. It is set by either counter coincidence (Z COUNTER) or associative search coincidence (Z ASSOC) and is reset at the end of a transfer when the DCU drops READ ENABLE or WRITE ENABLE.

Bit 8 -- Enable Binary Capture - This storage element indicates which counter is transferred to the address bits of the DAR. If set, the binary count is sent to the DAR at the appropriate times; if reset, the BCD count will be sent to the DAR. It is set by ROUTE TO DAR .sup.. DAR22 or a DAC Parity Error. It is reset by ROUTE TO DAR .sup.. DAR22.

Bit 9 -- Auxiliary MRP 1 Error - Detects an absence of DRP pulses. The error latch which is set during a master MRP, enables DMS Clock Track Error which causes an immediate DCU Error Interrupt.

Bit 10 -- Auxiliary MRP 2 Error -- same as Aux. MRP 1 Error.

Bit 11 -- Auxiliary DIP 1 Error -- Detects the absence of Drum Index Pulses (DIP). The error can occur randomly. The latch will be set immediately, enabling DMS Clock Track Error.

Bit 12 -- Auxiliary DIP 2 Error -- Same as Aux. DIP 1 Error.

Bit 13 -- Drum Speed Error -- Detects when the drum speed drops below an operable level. The latch will set immediately, enabling DMS Clock Track Error.

Bit 14 -- Master Track Error -- Detects the absence of master MRP. The detector circuitry checks for the presence of an MRP for each auxiliary DRP. This detector will also be set by the absence of a DIP. This Error does not cause DMS Clock Track Error.

Bit 15 -- DIP Skew Error -- Detects skew between the auxiliary DIP tracks. The error can occur randomly and does not cause a DMS Clock Track Error.

Bit 16 -- BM 26 DCU/WR -- This indicator denotes the status of the Block Mark bit of the word currently in the DBR. A 1 specifies that the BM bit is set. The indicator is set or reset each time a word is loaded into the DBR.

Bit 17 -- Head Select Input Error -- This detector is set by a 1 - out - of - 18 circuit which monitors the segment select input to the Memory Protect Circuit and is set if none or more than one segment has been selected. The error latch will be set appr. 15 microsec after ROUTE TO DAR and before READ ENABLE or WRITE ENABLE becomes true.

Bit 18 -- Head Select Output Error -- Same as Head Select Input Error except the monitor point is at the output of the Memory Protect Circuit.

Bit 19 -- Access Circuit Error - The error is detected on the DAC Write/Read Control Circuit and is gated in the PA so that DAC ERROR is not enabled until READ ENABLE becomes true.

Bit 20 -- Write Control Error -- Checks the integrity of write control signals to the write/read circuits. The error signal is gated in the PA.

Bit 21 -- MPC Write Inhibit -- This detector does not cause DAC ERROR directly. The signal sent to the DAC ERROR gate is MPC ERROR which cannot become true until either READ ENABLE or WRITE ENABLE becomes true.

Bit 22 -- Power Supply or Drum Speed Error -- Gated in the PA so DAC ERROR does not become true until READ ENABLE or WRITE ENABLE becomes true.

Bit 23 -- + 5V Redund Error -- Monitors the redundant power supply of the Memory Protect Circuit. The error signal is gated in the PA.

2.2.3.5.2.2 dac forced Error Checks

Simulated faults are forced into the DAC via an instruction register directive called DAC Maintenance. Ten simulated faults and a clock transfer feature are initiated by the same directive. The simulated faults provide a means of checking DAC error detectors that cannot be checked by forcing software errors. The clock transfer causes the alternate auxiliary clock track to be switched on-line and does not cause an error.

The first entry in the Initialization Table provides all the control and data information required for DAC maintenance. The format is shown below. ##SPC35##

Bits 0 through 15, except for the clock transfer bit (10), are error simulator bits. They are divided into three groups, the peripheral adapter, the clock circuits and the recording circuits. A logic 1 in bit 16, 17 or 18 will cause the circuitry to enable the appropriate group of simulator bits. It is possible to enable more than one group simultaneously or more than one error simulator within a group simultaneously. When writing programs, care will have to be taken to insure that only those bits associated with the fault to be simulated are set to logic 1. All others should be at logic 0. Bits 20 through 23 form the instruction word directive which sets up the DCU circuitry for a DAC maintenance operation.

The DAC maintenance directive is initiated by DCU Initialization CPD. After the first entry in the Initialization Table has been written into the Instruction Register of the DCU, bits 20 through 23 are decoded.

After recognizing the decoded directive as DAC maintenance, the DCU sends Instruction Register bits 0 through 18 and an enabling pulse (ROUTE ERR SIM) to the Error Simulator Circuit of the DAC. If bit 16, 17 or 18 is at logic 1 and one of the error simulator bits is also at logic 1, the Error Simulator Circuit will force a simulated fault in the appropriate circuit. For example, if bits 16 and 0 are at logic 1, the INHIBIT DRP error simulator signal will inhibit the resetting of the address counters after the maximum count (10,998) has been reached. This will cause the counter error detectors to be set. An error detector being set will cause DAC Error to be sent to the DCU, resulting in a DCU error interrupt. The DCU will go through its error termination sequence. Word 20 of the Initialization Table, the DAC error indicators, will be checked to see if the appropriate indicators were set. If so, it can be assumed that the detectors functioned properly.

The signal that forces the simulated fault will remain at a constant level until reset by the CPD CLEAR. If more than one error detector is to be checked in sequence, the DCU will be reinitialized for each individual test.

Error simulator signals, instruction register bits that must be set for each, and the word 20 indicator bits that will be set as a result of the simulated fault are listed on the next page.

DAC MAINTENANCE ERROR SIMULATOR __________________________________________________________________________ LISTING FAULT SIMULATOR INSTRUCTION ERROR DETECTORS SET LEAD NAME REGISTER BITS AS RESULT OF SET TO LOGIC 1 SIMULATED FAULT COMMENTS __________________________________________________________________________ INHIBIT DRB 16, 0 DAC ERR 3 -- BIN CTR ERR INHIBITS RESET OF PA DAC ERR 4 -- BCD CTR ERR ADDRESS COUNTERS. HOLD CTR RST 16, 1 DAC ERR 3 -- BIN CTR ERR HOLDS PA ADDRESS DAC ERR 4 -- BCD CTR ERR COUNTERS IN A RESET STATE. ADVANCE COUNT 16, 2 DAC ERR 3 -- BIN CTR ERR FORCES ADDRESS COUNTERS DAC ERR 4 -- BCD CTR ERR TO REACH MAX. COUNT EARLY. DECODE INHIBIT 16, 3 DAC ERR 3 -- BIN CTR ERR SIMULATES THE EFFECT OF DAC ERR 4 -- BCD CTR ERR MISSING COUNTER CLOCK PULSES. MRP ERR SIM 17, 6 DAC ERR 14 -- MASTER TRK ERR ERROR WILL BE FORCED ON WHICHEVER (DAC ERR 9 -- AUX MRP 1 ERR + TRACK IS ON-LINE THE FORCED ERROR DAC ERR 10 -- AUX MRP 2 ERR) WILL CAUSE A CLOCK TRANSFER. DIP ERR SIM 17, 7 DAC ERR 14 -- MASTER TRK ERR ERROR WILL BE FORCED ON WHICHEVER (DAC ERR 11 -- AUX DIP 1 ERR + TRACK IS ON-LINE. THE FORCED ERROR DAC ERR 12 -- AUX DIP 2 ERR) WILL CAUSE A CLOCK TRANSFER. SPEED/SKEW SIM 17, 8 DAC ERR 13 -- DRUM SPEED ERR DAC ERR 15 -- DIP SKEW ERR DAC ERR 22 -- PS DRUM SPD ERR TRANSFER CLOCK 17, 10 none 500 NSEC. TRANSFER CLOCK PULSE. FAIL TEST INPUT 18, 11 DAC ERR 17 -- HS INPUT ERR FORCES ERROR IN 1 OUT OF 18 DETECTOR MONITORING SEGMENT SELECT CKT OUTPUTS. FAIL TEST OUT 18, 12 DAC ERR 18 -- HS OUTPUT ERR FORCES ERROR IN 1 OUT OF 18 DETECTOR DAC ERR 19 -- ACCESS CKT ERR MONITORING HEAD SELECT CKT OUTPUTS. MPC FAIL SIM 18, 13 DAC ERR 22 -- PS DRUM SPD ERR DAC ERR 19 -- ACCESS CKT ERR __________________________________________________________________________

2.2.3.5.3 dcu time Out

The DCU Time Out sense line causes the DCU ERROR interrupt and indicates that DMS processing cannot continue because of a hardware or software error not covered by the detection circuits. In other words, the DMS is stuck somewhere, and the E/S words may indicate where. There are some cases, however, where E/S words are not available for analysis (such as core access or ETS difficulties) in which case the sense lines must be used. Certain core access troubles cause DCU TIME OUT indications -- see section 4.4 for complete coverage of core access problems and related sense line status.

After the DCU TIME OUT is detected (DCU ERROR interrupt set) a period of eight interlace periods (approx. 60 .mu.s on interlace 5) must elapse before error/status indicators may be used. In other words a software wait may be used by checking the DCU ERROR/STATUS IN CORE sense line. When set the E/S words are available in core for diagnostics.

2.2.3.5.4 Core Access Problems

Unique problems may arise which cause core access difficulties. The CORE ACCESS TRBL sense line is a monitor of the core request time out circuits. Certain core access trouble conditions could cause the CMC to set its CMC PORT MALFUNCTION in both CMC's. When this occurs, and the CORE ACCESS TRBL line is set or not set, the DCU will enter a state of quiescence (not idle, not ready, and not active). The DCU will sit in this state (without sending an interrupt) until another CPD is issued. The interrupt is sent by the CMC. In all cases (except for a certain prot malfunction) it may be concluded that the DMS contains the fault. The DMS may be accessed via CPD for diagnostics. Localization can be accomplished by running routines based on possible DMS error conditions.

If the PORT MALFUNCTION sense line of one CMC is set and the CORE ACCESS TRBL line of the DCU is set or not set, the DCU again enters the quiescent state, but the fault is in the CMC. The interrupt in this case is set by the CMC.

In the final case where the DCU has trouble accessing core (CORE ACCESS TRBL Set) and the PORT MALFUNCTION line is not set, the DCU will enter its quiescent state until a DCU ERROR interrupt is set by the DCU time out circuits (about .5 sec.).

These decisions are shown in the lower right of the flow chart in FIG. 34 beginning at D. Table 2 in section 2.2.3.2.2 shows at a glance the states of the DCU in the event of core access difficulties. This approach is used to insure that interface errors of this nature will not cause more than one interrupt to the CCP.

DMS APPENDIX I

FORMAT OF DMS REGISTERS

1. initialization Address Register -- IAR (15 bits)

This register consists of a 5 bit binary counter and a strapping field for the high order 10 bits. It is used to form the address for accessing the Initiation table entry (ITE) in main core memory during the initiation cycle or during the storage of all DMS registers into the ITE (caused by a spill CPD). When an Initialize CPD is issued, the low order 5 bits will be set to 0. This requires the ITE to begin at a location divisible by 32.

2. Core Address Register -- CAR (26 bits)

The low order 15 bits of this counter and storage register are used to access main core memory during all active processes other than the processes for which the Initialization Address Register is used. This address, loaded during initialization, is used to specify the starting core address where the data transfer between core and the drum will take place. Bits 15-20 are not programmable. The tag field (bits 21, 22, 23) are not used by the DCU and may be used to aid programs. When the DCU executes the error termination sequence, bits 15 through 19 will contain the low order 5 bits of the LAR.

3. limit Register (14 bits)

This is a 14 bit binary counter and storage register. For single level counter start, the number of words to be transferred is loaded into this register during the initialization cycle. The limit register is also used for indexing in the SLAS mode refer to DMS Appendix II.

4. instruction Register (12 bits)

This is a 12 bit storage register used to hold the DCU directive (4 bits) and the directive extension (6 bits); refer to DMS Appendix II.

5. core Buffer Register -- CBR (26 bits)

This is a 26 bit storage register used to buffer words which are written or read into core memory.

6,7,8. Information Search Register - ISR1, 2, 3 (26 bits)

These storage registers (one for each level of search) specify the drum address or data coincidence to be encountered to enter their respective levels of associative search. These registers are normally loaded during the initialization sequence however, the second and third can be modified with information on drum when specified by the control bits. When coincidence is found these registers will be loaded with the drum address +8 of the level 1,2,3 coincidence word respectively.

9,10,11. Information Mask Register -- IMR (26 bits)

These storage registers (one for each level of search) are provided to facilitate a masked associative search. These registers are loaded at initialization time similar to the Information Search registers. When each level of coincidence is found IMR1, 2, 3 respectively, will be loaded with the Core address register which contains the location of the coincidence word in core. The high order bit (23) of IMR 2 and 3 will be set if the corresponding search register was overwritten with a word from drum. Bit 22 will be set if the mask word was overwritten after initialization.

12. Drum Buffer Register -- DBR (27 bits)

This is a 27 bit register used to buffer words read from (written onto) Drum.

13. Drum Address Register -- DAR (26 bits)

This 26 bit register has the following format:

______________________________________ RWI CS Space Segment ADD ______________________________________ 23 22 20 16 15 0 ______________________________________

Address field -- this field is used to specify a location on the drum. The value of this field will vary from 0 to 10,998 (Binary or BCD).

Segment -- This field is used to specify a segment for a read (write) operation. Its value can vary from 0 to 18 depending on the number of DCU's assigned to a drum.

Counter select (CS) bit (bit 22)

This bit is used to select the counter BCD or Binary, to be used in accessing the drum via the angular index value. It also specifies which counter should be retrieved in the associative search mode.

Cs = 1 use modified BCD

Cs = 0 use Binary

Read/Write instruction (RWI) bit -- (bit 23) this bit must be set if the DCU is to write on drum.

Rwi = 1 write

Rwi = 0 read

14. Angular Index Counters

A standard binary and modified BCD counter is required for each DAC peripheral Adapter. The range of this counter is from 0 to 10,998. This counter will be reset by the drum reset pulse. This is not a standard BCD counter because of the requirements that the high order 4 bit stage count from 1 to 9 to 0 rather than 0 to 9. Also 0 in base 10 is represented by the bit pattern 1010. This counter is also reset by the drum reset pulse. The relationship between the values of each counter is illustrated in DMS Appendix III.

DAC ANGULAR INDEX COUNTERS ______________________________________ INTERLACE DECIMAL ADDRESS BINARY COUNTER BCD COUNTER ______________________________________ 0 5 00000000000000 0001101010101010 1 1 1 0001 2 2 10 0010 3 3 11 0011 4 4 100 0100 5 5 101 0101 6 1 110 0110 7 2 111 0111 8 3 1000 1000 9 4 1001 1001 10 5 1010 00011010 100 5 00000001100100 000110101010 1000 5 00001111101000 0010101010101010 9000 5 10001100101000 1010101010101010 10000 5 10011100010000 1011101010101010 10998 3 10101011110110 1011101010101000 0 4 00000000000000 0001101010101010 1 5 00000000000001 0001101010100001 ______________________________________

DMS APPENDIX II

DMS INSTRUCTION REGISTER AND CPD DIRECTIVES ##SPC36##

OP = Bits 23 thru 20 = 7 = (0111).sub.2 PT = In WRITE DRUM Sequence, the PT is meaningless. BM = Bit 18 -- if bit 18 is true a block mark will be written on the drum along with the last word transferred. LIMIT = Bits 0 thru 13 the limit portion of the directives specifies the number of words to be read from core and written on the drum. Bits = 14 thru 17 are not decoded or used during this operation. Cycles = I + S + N (T) + ES + TERM/CORE CYCLE TIME I = 45.4 .mu.sec = Initialize A = 0 to 16666 .mu.sec = SEARCH N = number of words written/read T = 7.56 .mu.sec = TRANSFER TIME PER WORD ES = 0 to 7.56 .mu.sec = END SEQUENCE TERM = 7.56 .mu.sec = TERMINATION

DRUM READ SINGLE LEVEL COUNTER START ##SPC37##

OP = Bits 23 thru 20 = 6 (0110).sub.2 PT = Bit 19 -- if bit 19 is true the controller will assume a privileged transfer status for the entire transfer. BM = Bit 18 -- if bit 18 is true the controller will make a check for a block mark when the last word is read from drum. If the bit is false this check will be bypassed. It will check if BM comes true before LR = 0, or if LR = 0 and BM not true. LIMIT = Bits 0 thru 13 the limit portion of the directive specifies the number of words to be read from drum and transferred to core. Bits 14 thru 17 are not decoded or used during this operation Note: If PT is not set, the words may be transferred only to an unprotected area in core. Any attempt to write a word from drum to core when bit 25 of that word is a "1", will cause an error and being error sequence. Refer to Drum Write for calculating core cycle per task.

DRUM READ ROUTINE (SLCS) ##SPC38##

OP = Bits 23 thru 20 = 16.sub.8 = (1110).sub.2 BM = Bit 18 -- if bit 18 is true the controller will make a check for a block mark when the last word is read from drum. It will check if BM comes true before LR = 0. If the bit is false this check will be bypassed. LIMIT = Bits 0 thru 13 the limit portion of the directive specifies the number of words to be read from drum and checked for proper parity. Bits = 14 thru 17 are not decoded or used during this operation. Note: Refer to Drum Write for calculating core cycles per task.

SINGLE LEVEL ASSOCIATIVE SEARCH ##SPC39##

OP = Bits 23 thru 20 = 5 = (0101).sub.2 PT = Bit 19 -- if bit 19 is true the controller will assume a privileged transfer status for the entire transfer. INDEX = Bits 0 thru 13 the index portion of the directive specifies the number of words to SKIP after information coincidence until a transfer to core memory will begin. LIMIT = Bits 14 thru 18 the limit portion of the directive specifies the total number of words to be read from drum and written into core. NOTE* Associative searching is performed in interlace 1, every word is examined. After information coincidence indexing and transfer will take place at the DCU interface rate. CYCLES = I + S + T (N + 1) + ES + TERM/CORE CYCLE TIME I = 75.6 .mu.sec S = 0 to 16666 .mu.sec T = 7.56 .mu.sec N + 1 = Number of words read + coincidence word ES = 0 to 7.56 .mu.sec TERM = 7.56 .mu.sec

SINGLE LEVEL ASSOCIATIVE SEARCH ROUTINE ##SPC40##

OP = Bits 23 thru 20 = (15).sub.8 = (1101).sub.2 INDEX = Bits 0 thru 13 the index portion of the directive specifies the number of words to skip after information coincidence before the read latch is set. LIMIT = Bits 14 thru 18 the limit portion of the directive specifies the number of words to be read from drum with the read latch set. NOTE: Refer to Single Level Associative Search for calculating core cycles per task.

SINGLE LEVEL ASSOCIATIVE SEARCH COUNTER START ##SPC41##

OP = Bits 23 thru 20 = 4 = (0100).sub.2

Bit 23 = Routine all operations will be performed with the exception of writing into core memory. NOTE* After counter coincidence associative search will be performed at the DCU interlace rate. CYCLES = I + S + 5 (S) + T (N + 1) + ES + TERM I = 75.6 .mu.sec. = INITIALIZE S = 0 to 16666 .mu.sec -- SEARCH N + 1 = Number of words read + associative coincidence word. T = 7.56 .mu.sec = TRANSFER TIME PER WORD ES = 0 to 7.56 .mu.sec = END SEQUENCE TERM = 7.56 .mu.sec = TERMINATION

MULTI-LEVEL ASSOCIATIVE SEARCH AND ROUTINE ##SPC42##

OP = Bits 23 thru 20 = 3 = (0011).sub.2 PT = Bit 19 -- if bit 19 is true the controller will assume a protected status for the entire transfer. A = Bit 14 -- if bit 14 is true the first level of search will be a counter coincidence. If false it will be associative with MR1 and SR1. B = Bit 15 -- if bit 15 is true the second level of search will be a counter search. If false the search will be associative with MR2 and SR2. C = Bit 16 --if bit 16 is true the third level of search will be a counter search. If false the search will be associative with MR3 and SR3. CS = Counter Start. If OP code OP = 2 - (0010).sub.2 is true the first level of associative search will begin after counter coincidence. Bits = 0-13 are not used and not decoded. Bit 23 = Routine: All operations will be performed with the exception of writing into core memory. NOTE* Once the first coincidence is found all succeeding associative searches and transfers take place at the DCU interlace rate. All counter searches will be on interlace 1. CYCLES = LEV1 + LEV2 + LEV3 + ES + TERM LEV 1 = I + S + N (T) if level 1 is a counter start add the term 5(S) for searching an interlace five LEV 2&3 = if searching for associative coincidence = LD + W + S + N (T) ES = - to 7.56 .mu.sec = END SEQUENCE TERM = 7.56 .mu.sec = TERMINATION I = 136.2 .mu.sec = INITIALIZE S = 0 to 16666 .mu.sec -- SEARCH N = number of words read T = 7.56 .mu.sec = TRANSFER TIME PER WORD LD = 7.56 .mu.sec = LOAD DAR W = 0 to 15.0 .mu.sec = WAIT FOR SEGMENT SELECTION

DCU DIRECTIVES AND FORMATS

The binary codes for the directives are summarized below. A more elaborate description is found within.

INSTRUCTION REGISTER BITS 23 22 21 20 DIRECTIVE DESCRIPTION ______________________________________ 0 0 0 0 INVALID OP CODE 0 0 0 1 INVALID OP CODE 0 0 1 0 MULTI LEVEL ASSOCIATIVE SEARCH- COUNTER START 0 0 1 1 MULTI LEVEL ASSOCIATIVE SEARCH 0 1 0 0 SINGLE LEVEL ASSOCIATIVE SEARCH-COUNTER START 0 1 0 1 SINGLE LEVEL ASSOCIATIVE SEARCH 0 1 1 0 READ DRUM -- BLOCK TRANSFER 0 1 1 1 WRITE DRUM -- BLOCK TRANSFER 1 0 0 0 INVALID OP CODE 1 0 0 1 DAC MAINTENANCE 1 0 1 0 MULTI LEVEL ASSOCIATIVE SEARCH- COUNTER START -- ROUTINE 1 0 1 1 MULTI LEVEL ASSOCIATIVE SEARCH -- ROUTINE 1 1 0 0 SINGLE LEVEL ASSOCIATIVE SEARCH- COUNTER START --ROUTINE 1 1 0 1 SINGLE LEVEL ASSOCIATIVE SEARCH-- ROUTINE 1 1 1 0 READ DRUM ROUTINE 1 1 1 1 INVALID OP CODE ______________________________________

DAC MAINTENANCE CONTROL ##SPC43##

Op = bits 23 thru 20 = 11 = (1001).sub.11

This code will routine the error checking circuits of the DAC. For example, to check the PA circuits, bit 16 is set and any or all of bits 0-4 are set to check the circuits which correspond to each bit.

CPD CONTROL

The control between the CPU and DCU is as follows:

1. CPD Clear (DLO=0, DL1=0) 2. CPD Initialize (DL0=1, DL1=0) 3. CPD Spill* (DL0=0, DL1=1) 4. CPD Maintenance** (DL0=1, DL1=1)

The DCU must receive a CPD Clear before any data transfer may be executed via initialization.

At the completion of a data transfer or the completion of an Error Termination Sequence, the DCU will interrupt the DCU with a READY or ERROR interrupt respectively.

With the READY or ERROR interrupt set, the DCU may be called to execute a CPD Spill, a DMS Maintenance Sequence, or a CPD Maintenance The DCU will reset the interrupt upon execution of the command, and then set the previous interrupt. Any attempt to initialize for a data transfer (Block Transfer or Associative Search) will begin an Error Termination sequence and cause an ERROR interrupt. The DCU may be initialized for Maintenance, however.

This flow of DCU sequences is made clear by the attached flow chart, FIG. 34. The chart shows the normal sequential flow of the DCU for data transfers and errors. It also makes clear the consequences of a programming violation.

*CPD Spill. The CPD spill directive dumps all the registers of the DCU and CMS, and the error/status bits of the DMS.

The DAC error checking circuits may be routined by the DAC Maintenance word via initialization.

**The DCU error checking circuits and the parity circuits may be routined by the CPD Maintenance. This command causes the instruction in the IR to be routined.

APPENDIX III

INITIALIZATION TABLE FORMAT

The initialization format is a map of the initialization area in core. Each DCU has its own assigned initialization area in core. The even numbered location 0-16 contain all the pertinent information necessary to specify a drum task, refer to the following table. After the DCU has completed initialization the odd numbered location 1-17 will contain the image of their preceding even location. This is to verify that the information was accurately loaded into the DMS registers. If the drum task was completed successfully, location 24 will contain the last CAR address. If an error occurred, the error termination sequence will load the DAC and DCU error/status words in locations 18, 20 and 22.

After a CPD spill directive the odd numbered loications 1-23 and locations 18, 20, 22 and 24 will be updated with CPD spill format, refer to the following table. ##SPC44## ##SPC45##

3.0 CHANNEL MULTIPLEXOR

3.1 introduction

3.1.1 operational Description

The Computer Channel Multiplex (CCX) provides communication paths for I/O buses of the two CCP(S) up to sixteen controllers. Its functions are:

A. route output data and control data from either CCP to any one of sixteen controllers.

B. route input data from any one of the controllers to both CCP I/O buses so that both CCP's may operate synchronously.

C. check and verify that output and control data is received by the controllers and that controller parity checks are satisfied.

D. route I/O device controller interrupts and sense line data to the Interrupt and Sense Line Circuits.

E. decode and store I/O controller selected.

F. check that only one Controller is selected at a time.

G. interpret Channel Multiplex CPD instructions such that maintenance and reconfiguration may be performed on the CCX.

Except for the interface between the CCX and Controllers, the CCX may be considered to have two identical halves. Each half is associated with a CCP. The CCX operates on ACTIVE/STANDBY basis, only half can be active at a time. Either half may be made active only when its associated CCP is on line. Thus for synchronous CCP(s) operations, either half, but not both, may be active. For simplex CCP operations only the half associated with the on line CCP can be active.

The interface between the CCX and the Controllers are powered by two separate power modules: the odd numbered Controllers by one and the even numbered Controllers by the other, such that a failure in either power supply will not cause loss of all Controllers. (Note that duplicated Controllers are assigned odd and even identities).

3.1.2 Data and Instruction Format

There are three categories of instructions related to the CCX operations:

1. SEL Directives

2. Data Transfer Instructions (LDC, CCD, STL, CCI)

3. ccx cpd instructions.

3.1.3.1 SEL Directives: (Refer to section 1.2 page 1.2-28)

These are I/O Command Words for assigning a Controller to the CCX and/or a Device to the Controller. They are also used for sending control codes to the Controller/Device assigned. Once a Controller is assigned to the CCX, it will remain so until another Controller is assigned to the CCX by a subsequent SEL instruction, a Disconnect SEL instruction for that particular Controller, or a CPDCX7 is executed.

The format of the I/O Command Word (which is the effective address of the SEL instruction) is as follows: ##SPC46##

I -- arm I/O Ready Interrupt

C -- channel Controller Identity -- There can be a maximum of 16 controllers. The lower order bit of the C field (bit number 9) will be used to specify the odd or even controller.

X -- x field -- The X field is used in conjunction with the Y & Z fields to form a directive for the controller or peripheral adapter. A value of zero for the X field specifies that the Y & Z fields should be interpreted as controller directives. Non zero values of the X field are used to specify a particular peripheral adapter on a controller or as a directive extension. The X field is only used for directive extension, when the Y & Z field directives are exhausted or for maintenance.

Y -- y field -- The Y field is used as a directive modifier to the Z field directive for both controller and peripheral adapter directives.

Z --z field -- The Z field is used as a general directive field for controllers and specific directive field for peripheral adapters.

The Controller Codes are as follows:

C Field CONTROLLER NAME CONTROLLER NO. ______________________________________ 00 Channel Device Buffer A 1 01 Channel Device Buffer B 2 02 Ticketing Device Buffer A 3 03 Ticketing Device Buffer B 4 04 Maintenance Device Buffer 5 05 Channel Device Buffer 6 06 Communication Register A 7 07 Communication Register B 8 ______________________________________

3.1.2.3 data Transfer Instructions: (Refer to section 1.2)

There are a total of nine CPD instructions related to the CCX:

Cpdcxo -- put CCXA On-line (017 00001)

Cpdcx1 -- put CCXB On-line (017 00002)

Cpdcx2 -- put CCXA Off-line (017 00004)

Cpdcx3 -- put CCXB Off-line (017 00010)

Cpdcx4 -- make CCXA Active and CCXB Standby (017 00020)

Cpdcx5 -- make CCXB Active and CCXA Standby (017 00040)

Cpdcx6 -- reset CCX Errors (017 00100)

Cpdcx7 -- initiate Select Storage Check Routine (017 00200)

Cpdcx8 -- end Select Storage Check Routine (017 00400)

CPDCX0 through CPDCX3 are for removing a faulty half of the CCX off line for repair or putting a repaired half back to service.

CPDCX4 and CPDCX5 are for selecting which half of the CCX should be active.

CPDCX6 is for resetting all CCX error conditions.

CPDCX7 and CPDCX8 are for routining the error checking circuitry in the CCX. CPDCX7 informs the CCX that the following data transmission should be gated to the Select Storage in the CCX. This instruction will also disconnect any Controller from the CCX. DPCDX8 terminates data output to be gated to the Select Storage.

3.1.3 Status Indicators and Interrupt Stimuli

3.1.3.1 Select Error Check

This is a one out of sixteen check. It monitors the output of the Channel Select Storage, which contains the Selected Channel Controller Identity. Thus on a Select Instruction, if none or more than one, controller is selected, this Select Error Check will flag an error, (Sense Lines 74100 and/or 74200). This error will abort the affect of the SEL instruction and the channel buffers will not be initialized. In addition to the above, sense lines 07100 and/or 07200 will also be true.

The Channel Select Storage output is displayed on sense lines. (See Section 3.1.4 for Group and Line Number). The error can be reset by the execution of a RESET CCX ERROR (CPDCX6) instruction.

3.1.3.2 Time Out Error

This is used to check proper instruction and output data transfer from the CCP through the CCX to the selected controller. Specifically, upon receiving a select instruction or a data output instruction, the selected controller will check the parity of the information received. A Verify Strobe will be sent back to the CCX signifying all is well. Failure to receive this Verify Strobe by CCP timing period C1L2P2 of the next instruction will cause the CCX to indicate an error (Sense Lines 07100 and/or 07200). The identity of the selected controller that failed to return the Verify Strobe is stored in the CXX and is available through the sense line. (See Section 3.1.4 for Group & Line Number). All errors are reset by CPDCX6 instruction.

______________________________________ 3.1.4 SENSE LINES Channel Time Out (Group 47) ______________________________________ 57001 SCTOERR 1 Channel 1 Time Out Error 57002 SCTOERR 3 Channel 3 Time Out Error 57004 SCTOERR 5 Channel 5 Time Out Error 57010 SCTOERR 7 Channel 7 Time Out Error 57020 SCTOERR 9 Channel 9 Time Out Error 57040 SCTOERR 11 Channel 11 Time Out Error 57100 SCTOERR 13 Channel 13 Time Out Error 57200 SCTOERR 15 Channel 15 Time Out Error Channel Time Out (Group 49) ______________________________________ 61001 SCTOERR 2 Channel 2 Time Out Error 61002 SCTOERR 4 Channel 4 Time Out Error 61004 SCTOERR 6 Channel 6 Time Out Error 61010 SCTOERR 8 Channel 8 Time Out Error 61020 SCTOERR 10 Channel 10 Time Out Error 61040 SCTOERR 12 Channel 12 Time Out Error 61100 SCTOERR 14 Channel 14 Time Out Error Channel Selected (Group 50) ______________________________________ 62001 SCSELCT 1 1 Selected 62003 SCSELCT 3 3 Selected 62004 SCSELCT 5 5 Selected 62010 SCSELCT 7 7 Selected 62020 SCSELCT 9 9 Selected 62040 SCSELCT 11 11 Selected 62100 SCSELCT 13 13 Selected 62200 SCSELCT 15 15 Selected Channel Selected (Group 51) ______________________________________ 63001 SCSELCT 2 2 Selected 63002 SCSELCT 4 4 Selected 63004 SCSELCT 6 6 Selected 63010 SCSELCT 8 8 Selected 63020 SCSELCT 10 10 Selected 63040 SCSELCT 12 12 Selected 63100 SCSELCT 14 14 Selected 63200 SCSELCT 16 16 Selected ______________________________________

3.2 CHANNEL DEVICE BUFFER (CDB)

3.2.1 introduction

Maintenance and Support I/O Equipment is assigned to the CDB(s), and consist of the Teletypewriters, Paper Tape Reader, Paper Tape Punch, Line Printer and Card Reader. This equipment will have a configuration as shown in Intro FIG. 7, in the EAX Engineering Model. As seen in the figure, Controllers 1 & 2 are used as duplicated Channel Device Buffers, that handle the teletypewriters, a single Paper Tape Reader, and a Paper Tape Punch. The Line Printer and Card Reader are assigned to a single controller (6). The Maintenace TTY is equipped with Printing and Keyboard Entry facilities only. Backup for the readers and punch is provided by the Office Administration Teletypewriter which contains a low speed reader and punch.

The primary purpose of the Channel Device Buffers (CDB) is to function as a store and forward center for data and control between the Central Processor and the external devices. The CP communicates with the CDB and it subsequently communicates with the external device through a Peripheral Adapter. A unique Peripheral Adapter is provided for each I/O device. Its function is to provide an interface between the CDB and the device. Each CDB can control a maximum of four Peripheral Adapters.

With the configuration shown in FIG. 35 simultaneous operation of the Channel Buffers can be accomplished. Example, the CP can initiate a typeout on the Maintenance Typewriter and read tape from the High Speed Reader.

3.2.2 Operational Description

3.2.2.1 Channel Device Buffer

The CDB stores and forwards information between the Central Processor and the External devices. Thus all I/O "wait" operations are between the CDB and its associated devices. The Central Processor sends a command word via the Channel Multiplexer which assigns the CDB to the I/O Channel and a device to the CDB. The Channel Device Buffer then proceeds to perform the operation specified by the command word.

3.2.2.2 Input/Output Command Word is the effective address of a SEL instruction and is interpreted as follows: ##SPC47##

I = arm I/O Ready Interrupt (Refer to Section 3.2.2.5)

C = channel Buffer (function is performed by CCX, it defines which Channel Buffer is being selected).

X = x field (defines which Peripheral Adapter has been selected)

Y = y field (directive extension of the Z field)

Z = z field (directive to be performed)

3.2.2.3 Channel Device Buffer Directives

The C Field of the I/O Command Word is 00 when addressing the Maintenance Teletypewriter or High Speed Punch. It is 01 when addressing the Office Administration Teletypewriter or High Speed Reader. The directives are stored and routed to the appropriate Peripheral Adapter.

When the Channel Device Buffer is addressed, X Field -- 0.sub.8, the Y and Z Fields are interpreted by the CDB as follows:

X Y Z DIRECTIVE ______________________________________ 0 0 0 Load CDB Status --Places the CDB Status Lines into the CDB buffer. The CP can now load the status into the CP by executing a STC or CCI instruction. This directive does not destroy the previous status of the X, Y and Z Fields. 0 0 1 Display Buffer -- Places the contents of the CDB buffer register onto the I/O bus. This directive does not destroy the previous selection stored in the X, Y and Z Fields. This directive stays true until it is cleared by a CLEAR directive. 0 0 2 Not Used 0 0 3 Check 1 of 8 Circuits -- (Maintenance Directive) Gates register bits 0-15 into the two 1 out of 8 circuits. During the following data output, a routining field is loaded in the Buffer Register and a 1 out of 8 check is made on the two circuits. If an error is detected the appropriate error flip-flop is set. 0 0 4 Reset Errors -- All errors in the CDB and its associated Peripheral Adapters are reset. 0 0 5 Off Line -- Places the CDB off-line 0 0 6 On Line -- Places the CDB on-line. This is the only directive that will be recognized by the CDB when it is off-line. 0 0 7 Clear and Disconnect -- Clears the CDB and its associated Peripheral Adapters. In addition it disconnects itself from the I/O bus. 0 1 7 Clear -- Clears the CDB and its associated peripheral adapters. 0 2 7 Disconnect -- Disconnects the CDB from the I/O bus. Contents of CDB and PA's are not cleared. ______________________________________

3.2.2.4 Status Lines

When the directive, Load CDB Status (000), is executed the following status lines will be loaded into CDB buffer register. The CP can then load them into the CP by executing a STC or CCI instruction.

______________________________________ Buffer Bit STATUS LINE ______________________________________ 0 Loading Error -- If the CP or the I/O Device attempts to transfer new data to the buffer register before the old data has been removed, this error indicator will be set. The old data in the buffer will not be changed. This results in an Error Interrupt. 2 X Field One out of N Error None or more than one Peripheral Adapter has recognized the last SEL instruction or data transfer. 1 Z Field One out of N Error -- Either no directive or more than one has been decoded during the last SEL instruction. 1 Z Field One out of N Error -- Either no directive or more than one has been decoded during the last SEL instruction. 3 Interrupt Armed -- Channel Device Buffer is armed for Ready Interrupt. 7 Active -- The CDB Active flip-flop is set. 5 Device Error -- One of the 4 Peripheral Adapters has detected an error. The PA Status Lines must be examined to determine what caused the Device Error. This results in an Error Interrupt. 6 Parity Error -- If a parity error (even parity) exists on the data transfer (SEL, LDC, or CCO), the Parity Error is set. If a parity error exists, neither the directive or data will be forwarded to the Peripheral Adapters. This results in a Channel Time Out Error from the Channel Multiplexer. 4 GO Flip-Flop -- Indicates the condition of the GO flip-flop. This indicator determines whether or not directives and data are forwarded to the peripheral adapters. 8 Z Field=0 9 Z Field=1 10 Z Field=2 11 Z Field=3 12 Z Field=4 13 Z Field=5 14 Z Field=6 15 Z Field=7 16 X Field=0 17 Z Field Ackn 1 -- The Acknowledge flip-flop in Peripheral Adapter No. 1. 18 X Field Ackn 2 -- The Acknowledge flip-flop in Peripheral Adapter No. 2. 19 X Field Ackn 3 -- The Acknowledge flip-flop in Peripheral Adapter No. 3. 20 X Field Ackn 4 -- The Acknowledge flip-flop in Peripheral Adapter No. 4. 21 Y Field Bit 0 22 Y Field Bit 1 23 Y Field Bit 2 ______________________________________

3.2.2.5 Channel Ready Signalling

The Channel Device Buffer Ready signal is the means used by the Peripheral Adapters to indicate that they have completed the task assigned to it by the CCP. It is specifically used to indicate that the CDB buffer register is loaded or the peripheral adapter no longer needs the data in the buffer register. This signal is automatically reset during a Store, Load or Select (except CDB 1 out of n check) Channel operations.

The CDB Ready indicator is connected to the CCP via the Sense Line inputs, Group 41 Line 0 for CDB-A and Group 42 Line 0 for CDB-B.

The CDB Ready indicator may be armed for interrupt via bit 14 of the effective operand of the SEL instruction. Once armed, the Ready signals from the CDB's will create an interrupt, Level 7. When armed for interrupt, only the CLEAR directives, 007 or 017, will disarm the Ready interrupt.

3.2.2.6 CDB Error Signalling

The CDB Error indicator can be set by the CDB or by any selected malfunction at any Peripheral Adapters. Errors which cause the indicator are:

Loading Errors

X Field 1 out of N Error

Z Field 1 out of N Error

PA Device Error

Any one of the above errors will result in a Level 6 interrupt. The error can be sensed via Sense Line inputs, Group 43 Line 0 for CDB-A and Group 44 Line 0 for CDB-B.

Errors originating at the peripheral devices, PA Device Error, are combined and transmitted to CDB by the respective Peripheral Adapters. Appropriate status calls are executed to locate the offending device. The offending CDB error; Loading Error, X Field 1 out of N Error or 2 Field 1 out of N Error; is determined by executing the CDB directive, Load CDB Status (0,0,0) and testing the appropriate bits.

If a Parity Error is detected in the CDB on a transmission from the CCP (LDC, CCO or SEL) the Parity Error indicator is set. This does not result in a CDB Error however, it will result in a Channel Time Out Error. The Channel Time Out Error can be sensed via Group 47 Line 0 for CDB-A and Group 48 Line 0 for CDB-B. To determine if the fault was a Parity Error the Status Lines of the CDB (Line 6) must be examined.

All error signals; Loading Error, X Field 1 out of N Error, Z Field 1 out of N Error, PA Device Error and all errors originating at the peripheral devices are reset either by a Reset Error directive (004) or the Clear directive (007 or 017).

3.2.2 Teletypewriter Operation

3.2.3.1 Introduction

The System contains two teletypewriters, Maintenance (LMT) and Office Administration (LOAT). The LMT is a Teletype Model 35 KSR (Keyboard and Printer C Field = 00) while the LOAT is a Teletype Model 35 ASR (Keyboard, Printer, Punch and Reader C Field = 01). These devices operate at a maximum speed of 10 characters per second. They accept and transmit ASCII code with even parity.

To operate the TTY with the CCP, the LINE LOCAL switch must be turned to the ON LINE position. If the switch is in the LOC position, the TTY will neither accept or transmit data to and from the CP.

All data sent to and received from the TTY has the eighth channel as an even parity bit. Only in the case where the mode Switch is in the TTS or TTR positions can binary information be sent or received.

3.2.3.2 Modes of Operation for Model 35 ASR

The Mode of Operation may be set up by operating the rotary mode switch to the left of keyboard. The modes available are:

K Keyboard KT Keyboard Tape T Tape TTS Tape-Tape Send TTR Tape-Tape Receive

3.2.3.2.1 K -- (Keyboard) Operation

The keyboard and typing unit are connected to the computer. Transmission is provided from the keyboard to the CP and is printed. The reader is disabled and the punch is placed in the local circuit.

3.2.3.2.2 KT (Keyboard Tape) Operation

The keyboard, typing unit, reader and punch are connected to the computer. When the reader is transmitting to the computer, the information is copied by the typing unit and a duplicate tape is punched. The keyboard should not be operated when the reader is sending. When the keyboard is sending to the computer, the information is copied by the typing unit and tape is punched. In this case the reader should not be operated. LOC (local) operation is the same except the unit is not connected to the computer.

3.2.3.2.3 T (Tape) Operation

The reader and typing unit are connected to the computer. The typing unit copies what is being transmitted from the reader or from the computer. The keyboard and punch are on the local circuit. Tape can be prepared on the punch from the keyboard without interfering with transmission to the computer. LOC operation will be the same except the reader and typing unit are connected to the local circuit.

3.2.3.2.4 TTS (Tape-Tape Send) Operation

The reader transmits data other than ASCII coded data to the computer. The typing unit is blinded to outgoing and incoming information. The keyboard and punch are connected to the local circuit and can be used to prepare tape. This mode provides no functional use in the LOC operation.

3.2.3.2.5 TTR (Tape-Tape Receive) Operation

The punch is connected to computer and can receive from it data other than ASCII coded. The reader is disabled, the typing unit is blinded and the keyboard is in the local circuit. This mode provides no functional use in the LOC operation.

3.2.3.3 Modes of Operation For Model 35 KSR

The Teletype Model 35 KSR does not have any of the above (3.2.3.2) modes of operation. To operate the KSR with the CP the LINE LOCAL switch must be turned to the ON LINE position. This connects the TTY to the computer. When the switch is in the LOCAL position, the TTY is blinded from the computer however, the keyboard is connected to the typing unit for local use.

3.2.3.4 TTY Interrupt Pushbutton

On each Teletype machine there is a Request for Input pushbutton. This pushbutton is used to notify the computer program that the CP should accept data from the keyboard. This pushbutton should be kept depressed until the Ready to Receive Message lamp is lit. Once the keyboard is enabled, the TTY peripheral adapter will accept all information sent to it via the keyboard.

3.2.3.5 Teletype Directives

The effective address portion of the SEL instruction indicates the Peripheral Adapter, X Field = 1 for both typewriters, and the directive, Z Field.

______________________________________ X Y Z Field TTY Directive ______________________________________ 1 0 0 Present TTY Status -- Places the status lines from TTY Peripheral Adapter into the CDB buffer. The CCP can now load them into the CCP executing a STC or CCI instruction. 1 0 1 TTY Receive -- Alerts the Peripheral Adapter that the next data transmission, LDC or CCO, is to be sent to the Teletypewriter. 1 0 2 TTY Send -- Alerts the Peripheral Adapter to send the next data transmission, LDC or CCO, to the TTY and then monitor the incoming line and receives any characters sent via the TTY keyboard or reader. ______________________________________

3.2.3.6 Status Lines

When the directive, Load TTY Status (100) is executed, the following status lines will be loaded into the CDB buffer register. The CCP can then load them into the CCP by executing a STC or CCI instruction

Buffer Bit Status Line ______________________________________ 0 Shift Register Bit 2 1 do. Bit 3 2 do. Bit 4 3 do. Bit 5 4 do. Bit 6 5 do. Bit 7 6 do. Bit 8 7 do. Bit 9 8 do. Bit 10 9 do. Bit 11 10 do. Bit 0 11 do. Bit 1 12 Counter Decode = 0 13 do. =1 14 do. = 9 15 do. = 10 16 do. = 11 17 Record Start Pulse 18 Clock Enable 19 Counter Bit 3 20 Start Clock 21 Break Key 22 False Start 23 Paper Alarm ______________________________________

Bits 21, 22 and 23 are error indicators; all the other status lines are used for maintenance purposes.

3.2.3.7 Operation

The AC power to the Teletypewriter is turned on by placing the Line/Local switch into the Line position. This switch should be kept in this position as long as the TTY is on-line. The following explanation assumes the Mode Switch is in the K position.

3.2.3.7.1 Print One Character

To print one character on the TTY a SEL instruction (X = 1, Y = 0, Z = 1) must be executed. This directive alerts the TTY Peripheral Adapter that the next computer data transfer to its associated channel buffer (bits 0-7) will be printed on the Teletypewriter. Once the TTY Adapter has been alerted, it need not be reinitialized for each succeeding data transfer. When the character has been printed, the Channel Device Buffer is notified and a Ready signal (section 3.2.2.5) is sent to the computer. In order to keep the TTY operating at its maximum speed of 10 characters per second, the computer program must execute the next data transfer within 9 ms.

3.2.3.7.2 Punch One Character

To punch one character on tape the following sequence must be followed:

Sel -- tty receive (101)

Ldc or CCO-DATA = TAPE ON -- 00000022

Wait for Ready

Ldc or CCO -- DATA = Data to be punched

The remaining characters to be punched can be outputted without reselecting the TTY punch. When punching in the K position, the information will also be printed on the TTY. To punch and not print the mode switch must be in the TTR position. To turn the punch off, the following sequence must be followed: SEL TTY RECEIVE (101)

Ldc or CCO -- DATA = TAPE OFF = 00000024

3.2.3.7.3 keyboard Entry

To enter information into the computer from the TTY keyboard, the following procedure should be followed. The operator should notify the computer program via the Request for Service pushbutton on the TTY panel that he wishes to input from the keyboard. The program will then execute the next sequence of instructions.

Sel tty send (102)

ldc or CCO -- DATA = LAMP ON 0000005

This data transfer lights the Ready to Receive Message lamp thus notifying the operator that the keyboard information will now be forwarded to the computer. This transfer of information is ASCII coded with the 8th channel being the even parity bit. Whenever the keyboard is used, a printed copy of the information is made on the TTY.

When the keyboard operation is complete, the computer program must reset the selection and extinguish the Ready to Receive Message lamp by executing the following sequence of instructions:

Sel tty receive (101)

ldc or CCO -- DATA = LAMP OFF = 0000006

3.2.3.7.4 read Tape

The TTY paper tape reader has only one mode of operation that is read slew. Reading tape in the slew mode allows the tape to run until a stop character is recognized on tape. To initiate the reading of tape, the following programming sequence must be used.

Sel tty send (102)

ldc or CCO -- READER ON -- 00000021

The perper reader on the TTY will then read tape until the stop character on the tape is recognized by TTY. This character is TTY CODE DC1 (00000223). Following the tape off character, the TTY will read a maximum of two additional characters. Thus if successive records are on tape, a minimum of two delete characters should separate them. These delete characters as long as the TTY SEND directives is present.

3.2.3.8 Teletype Error Signalling

The TTY Peripheral Adapater recognizes three types of errors which result in a PA1 Device Error. This device error ultimately results in a CDB Error which notifies the computer of the error (see Section 3.2.2.6).

3.2.3.8.1 Paper Error

When the TTY detects either of the two signals, out of print paper or print paper jammed, the PA Device Error Signal is sent to the CDB. This error does not detect an outage or jamming of the paper tape. This error will stay set until paper error is corrected. Its status can be determined via status line No. 23.

3.2.3.8.2 Break Key

This error is detected whenever the Break Key is depressed or when an open line exists between the adapter and the teletype machine. In the case of the break key, the error can be reset by either the CLEAR or RESET ERROR directives. In the case of an open line, the error will be reset by the above directives but will reappear after a TTY SEND directive sequence is executed. The status of this error can be sampled via status line No. 21.

3.2.3.8.3 False Start

When the adapter receives a short start pulse, this error will be set. This results in a CDB Device Error. This error along with the CDB Device Error will remain set until a CLEAR or RESET ERROR directive is issued. This error can be sampled via status line No. 22.

3.2.4 PAPER TAPE READER

The High Speed Paper Tape Reader used in the EAX System is a photoelectric reader capable of reading at rates up to 400 characters per second. Reading is in the 8 bit binary mode in which all eight channels of the tape enter the computer as data bits. At all times blank tape (leader) and rub outs (deletions) are read into the computer. Prior to reading tape the AC power to the reader must be manually turned on via a switch on the front of the reader panel.

3.2.4.1 High Speed Paper Tape Reader Directives

The Controller Field (C Field) of the I/O Command Word is 01 when addressing the High Speed Reader. The X, Y and Z Fields are stored and decoded by the Channel Device Buffer (CDB) and routed to Paper Tape Adapter number 2 (X field = 2). When Channel Device Buffer 01 is addressed, the X, Y and Z Fields are interpreted by the Paper Tape Adapter for High Speed Reader as follows: X Y Z DIRECTIVE ______________________________________ 2 0 0 Load Paper Tape Adapter Status -- Places the Paper Tape Status Lines into the CDB Buffer. The CCP by executing a STC or CCI instruction. 2 0 4 Read Slew -- Reads Tape continuously at a rate of 400 characters per second. Stops when any other directive is selected on CDB 01 except CDB directives 0 and 1. When stopping, there is a record gap between records. 2 0 5 Read Step -- Reads one character from tape and automatically resets the selection. ______________________________________

3.2.4.2 Status Lines

When the directive, Load Paper Tape Status (200) is executed the following status line is loaded into the CDB buffer register. The CCP can then load it into the CCP by executing a STC or CCI instruction.

______________________________________ BUFFER BIT STATUS LINE 3 Reader On -- Indicates that the manual switch on the reader panel is the LOAD or RUN position. ______________________________________

3.2.4.3 Operation

The Power switch located on the reader panel must be turned on manually. This is a three position switch and its operation is as follows:

Off -- This position indicates that the power is turned off in the unit.

Load -- Indicates that the power is turned on however, the computer cannot access the reader. This position should be used when loading a new tape.

Run -- This position indicates the power is turned on and the unit is capable of reading tape.

3.2.4.3.1 Read Slew

A paper tape read slew operation is initiated by a SEL instruction (X = 2, Y = 0, Z = 4). Execution of this instruction causes the tape to start moving. When the first character is read, it is loaded into the CDB buffer register and the Ready indicator is set. If the Ready Interrupt is armed, an interrupt is sent to the computer. The tape will continue to advance until the directive is removed (either by executing another SEL or by executing the Clear directive).

The computer program has approximately 2 ms to remove the data from the CDB buffer. If it is not removed the next character from tape will be lost and a Loading Error signal will be generated by the CDB.

When the reader is stopped (either by executing a different SEL or by executing the Clear directive), the next character on tape is a record gap. (One character will not be read.)

3.2.4.3.2 Read Step

A paper tape read step operation is initiated by a SEL instruction (X = 2, Y = 0, Z = 5). Execution of this instruction causes the reader to advance one character and stop. The character is loaded into the CDB buffer and the signaling to computer is the same as explained in Section 3.2.4.3.1.

3.2.5 HIGH SPEED PAPER TAPE PUNCH

The paper tape punch is capable of punching at rates up to 120 characters per second in either binary or parity check modes. The C Field of the I/O Command Word is 00 when addressing the high speed punch.

3.2.5.1 High Speed Paper Tape Punch Directives

When the C Field equals 00, the X, Y and Z Fields are stored and decoded by the Channel Device Buffer and routed to Paper Tape Adapter number 2 (X Field = 2). When CDB 00 is addressed, the X, Y and Z fields are interpreted by the Paper Tape Adapter for the High Speed Punch as follows.

______________________________________ X Y Z Directives ______________________________________ 2 0 0 Load Paper Tape Adapter Status -- Places the Paper Tape Status Lines into the CDB Buffer the CCP can now load the status into the CCP by executing a STC or CCI instruction. 2 0 1 Turn Punch On -- this directive applies the AC power to the punch. The Computer program should allow 1 second for the motor to obtain its running speed. 2 0 6 Punch Binary -- Punches eight data bits from the computer into tape. 2 0 7 Punch with Parity Check -- Punches seven data bits and one parity bit from the computer into tape and checks them for even ______________________________________ parity.

3.2.5.2 Punch Status Lines

When the directive, Load Paper Tape Status (200) is executed the following status lines are loaded into the CDB buffer register. The CCP can then load it into the CCP by executing a STC or CCI instruction.

______________________________________ Buffer Bit Status Line ______________________________________ 0 Parity Error -- An odd number of holes was punched into the tape during a Punch with Parity Check operation. 1 Low Tape -- The low tape signal will give an indication when there is 50 feet .+-.20 feet of tape reamaining on the supply reel. This will result in a PA2 Device Error thus a CDB 00 Error. 2 Punch On -- Indicates that the AC power to the punch has been applied. 4 DTL Stored -- This signal indicates that the Data Transfer Level Stored Flip-Flop is set. (Used for Maintenance). 5 End of Tape -- When there is less than inches of tape remaining ahead of the punch head, this indicator will be ______________________________________ given.

3.2.5.3 Operation

The AC power must be turned on by executing a SEL instruction (X = 2, Y = 0, Z = 1). After waiting approximately 1 second for the motor to obtain its rated speed, a delete character (all holes punched) should be put on tape. Once the punch has been selected, bits 0 through 7 of the I/O bus will be put on tape whenever a LDC or CCO instruction is executed.

The AC power to the punch must be turned off via a Clear directive.

3.2.5.3.1 Punch Binary

A paper tape punch binary operation is initiated by the execution of a SEL instruction (X = 2, Y = 0, Z = 6). This directive alerts the paper tape Peripheral Adapter that the next computer data transfer (bits 0-7) will be punched into tape. Once the Peripheral Adapter has been alerted, it need not be reinitialized for each succeeding data transfer. When the character has been punched, the Channel Device Buffer is notified and a Ready signal (see section 3.2.2.5) is sent to the computer. In order to keep the punch operating at its maximum speed of 120 characters per second, the computer program must execute the next data transfer within approximately 8.33 ms.

3.2.5.3.2 Punch with Parity Check

To punch with a Parity Check a SEL instruction (X = 2, Y = 0, Z = 7) must be executed. The operation of this directive is identical with that of section 3.2.5.3.1 with the following additions.

When punching with parity check, the eights bits transferred from the CCP are checked for even parity after they are punched, an error indicator, Parity Error, will cause a CDB error, Device Error. When this error occurs, the tape is not advanced in the punch. This error can then be rectified by deleting (punch all holes) the character and repunching it. The error can be reset by either the execution of a Clear directive a Reset Error directive.

3.2.5.4 High Speed Punch Error Signalling

The high speed punch has three Device Errors (parity, low tape, end of tape).

3.2.5.4.1 Parity Error

When punching with parity check (X = 2, Y = 0, Z = 7) and an odd number of holes are punched into the tape, the Parity Error will be set. This results in a CDB Device Error. This error will stay set, along with Device Errors in the CDB, until a Clear or Reset Error directive is executed.

3.2.5.4.2 Low Tape

When there is 50 feet .+-. 20 feet of tape remaining on the supply reel, a low tape error signal will be generated that results in a CDB Device Error. This error signal will only interrupt when the AC power is turned on to the punch. However, it will always be available as a status line (bit 1). It can only be reset by placing a new role of tape on the supply reel.

3.2.5.4.3 End of Tape

An end of tape signal will be given when there is less than 2 inches of tape remaining ahead of the punch head. This error results in a CDB Device Error whenever the AC power is turned on to the punch. It will always be available as a Status line (bit 5). It can only be reset by rethreading the tape through the punch head.

Section 3.3 communication registers

3.3.1 introduction

the Communication Registers provide the media by which the Central Processors can communicate with the Originating and Terminating markers. For normal Call processing, the Originating marker transmits the equipment identity of junctors selected by the OM to the Central Processor. This is one way communication. The communication between the Central Processor and the Terminating Marker is two way in that the CCP sends the routing information to the TM and the TM responds with the results of the termination attempt.

Each originating and Terminating Marker is equipped with a single Communication Register (MCR) for communicating with the Data Processor. The Data Processor is equipped with a pair of CRs operated in an active -- standby configuration. The single CR in each marker and the active CR in the DP will be used to transfer call processing, metering, routining, and maintenance information between these subsystems.

The maximum system configuration, two office sections and a selector section, utilize a maximum of 14 markers. The constraints on the maximum number of Markers in an office section or selector section are as follows:

Each Office Section 2 OM Pairs (2 Sections) 1 TM Pair Selector Section 3 OM Pairs 1 TM Pair

The constraint on the number of TM pairs for a maximum size system is three, one pair for each section. The constraint on the number of OM pairs for a maximum size system is four pairs. This amounts to a maximum of eight individual Originating Markers and 6 individual Terminating Markers. Each Originating Marker and its duplicate can process different calls simultaneously as long as the calls are in different line or trunk register group matrices. The Termination Marker cannot be operated simultaneously because of a common data bus between a pair of TMs and the trunk and junctor they control. Therefore, each TM of a pair will be operating on an alternating basis. Based on the above the maximum number of markers that can be in operation at any one time is 11 (8 OMs and 3 TMs).

The on-line - standby status (configuration) of the two CRs in the Data Processor is under program control. Either CR can be put into either status by means of Select Directives (see section 3.3.2). An on-line CR in the CP scans all the markers in the office for calls for service for transmission to the DP. It is up to the program to determine which DR is on-line when a transmission to one of the markers is required.

3.3.2 COMMUNICATION REGISTER OPERATIONAL/DESCRIPTION

3.3.2.1 description of CR Data Register Formal

The format of each of the four data registers in the CR controller is as follows: ##SPC48##

Data -- This 24 bit field is used to hold the data for a transmission.

P -- parity bit -- This bit contains the parity of the data field and the CB field. The parity for the 26 bit word is odd.

Mp -- memory Protect bit - This bit is used to provide an even number of bits for the register. This bit is set = 0 by the CR controller on sending and set = 0 at the MCR when it is sending.

The order of the registers to provide a 106 bit shift register is as follows: ##SPC49##

3.3.2.2 Communication Register Control Directives

1. Select Command Format --

The DPU will use a Select (SEL) instruction with its associated I/O Command Word (effective address of SEL instruction) for directing the functions of the Communication Register (CR). The CR will use the standard controller I/O Command Word format as described below: ##SPC50##

I -- arm I/O Ready Interrupt

C -- channel Controller Identity -- This field is used to specify one of 16 controllers to be addressed.

Communication Register A = 06, Communication Register = 07

X -- - x field -- This field will not be used for the CR controller and should always be set equal to zero.

Y -- y field -- The Y field is used as a directive modifier to the Z field.

Z -- z field -- The Z field is used as a general directive.

2. Description of Directives

The Y & Z field directive codes for the CR controller are defined below:

Z = 0 display Status - Causes the status group specified by Y to be gated to the I/O bus. If this directive is followed by a STC or CCI instruction, the status word will be stored in memory or the A register.

Y = 0 standard Status Word & Arm Scanner Loading

Y = 1 error Status Word 1

Y = 2 error Status Word 2

Y = 3 - 7 spare

This directive also causes the CR to "lock" in its present status. If sending or receiving it will continue to do so. If scanning, the CR will stop scanning and will not recognize any call for service while the status is selected. The status will be "unlocked" by a Disconnect or Clear Controller directive (Z = 7, Y = 0 or 2) or a Send Directive (Z = 2, Y = 0, 1, 2, or 3).

Z = 1 display Buffer - Causes the buffer specified by the Y field to be gated to the I/O bus. This directive also causes the buffer specified by the Y field to be primed for loading. Therefore if this directive is followed by a STC or CCI instruction, the contents of the specified controller buffer will be stored in memory or the A register. If this directive is followed by a LDC or CCO instruction, the buffer in the controller will be loaded from memory or the A register.

Y = 0 data Register 0

Y = 1 data Register 1

Y = 2 data Register 2

Y = 3 data Register 3

Y = 4 - 7 spare

Z = 2 interrupt Control -- Based on the value of the Y field the CR can be directed to either interrupt or go into the "Idle and Scanning State" after a successful send operation. The CR will always interrupt if the send operation is unsuccessful.

Y = 0 -- interrupt after Sending -- The CR will maintain this state until an Inhibit Interrupt direction (Z = 2, Y = 1) is received.

Y = 1 -- inhibit Interrupts (after sending), -- The CR will maintain this state until an Interrupt after Sending directive (Z = 2, Y = 0) is received.

Z = 3 send Control -- Causes the CR to send the message stored in the shift register over the link whose address is stored in the Address Register in one of four modes, send two or four words normally or send two or four words in a special mode where the message is returned as sent. Each Send directive will reset the CR interrupt if set.

Y = 0 -- send 2 -- causes two words to be sent in the normal mode.

Y = 1 -- send 4 -- causes four words to be sent in the normal mode.

Y = 2 -- send 2 prime -- causes two words to be sent in the special mode that causes the message to be returned as sent.

Y = 3 -- send 4 prime -- causes four words to be sent in the special mode that causes the message to be returned as sent.

Z = 4 reset I/O Errors -- Causes the CR Controller to reset all errors and the controller error interrupt.

Z = 5 take Controller Off-Line or Enable Automatic Reset on Time Out Error on Receiving.

Y = 0 -- take Controller Off-Line -- Causes the Controller to be taken off line and inhibits the controller from any further access of the DP, namely, error and ready interrupts and gating to the I/O bus.

Y = 1 -- enable Automatic Reset on Time Out state where it will automatically reset itself and return to the idle and scanning state without causing an error interrupt if a time out error occurs while receiving. The controller will retain this state until a Z6 - Y3 directive is issued.

Z = 6 -- put Controller On-Line or Inhibit Automatic Reset on Time Out Errors in Receive Mode - Causes the Controller to be put in an on-line (active or standby) condition or in a state where time out errors during receiving will cause an error interrupt. The action to be taken is based on the Y value.

Y = 0 -- operative Active -- Causes the CR to scan all data links for calls for service. The CR will maintain this state until an Operate Standby (Z = 6, Y = 1) or a Take Controller Off-Line directive is received.

Y = 1 -- operate Standby -- Causes the CR to scan only the data link call for service from the other CR. While in this state, the CR can be directed to send a message over any idle data link. The CR will maintain this state until an Operate Active (Z = 6, Y = 0) or Take Controller Off-Line directive is received.

Y = 2 -- inhibit Automatic Reset on Time Out Errors while receiving -- causes CCR to be put in state where it will cause an error interrupt if a time out error occurs while in the receiving mode. In this state the CCR will not reset itself. It will remain in this state until a Z5-Y1 directive is issued.

Z = 7 controller Disconnect and Clear Based on the Y field, this directive either clears or disconnect the controller or does both.

Y = 0 -- disconnect and Clear the Controller - Resets and clears all stored directives, errors, and interrupts at the CR controller. The CR controller is also disconnected from the I/O bus. If the CR controller is in the On-line, Active state, this directive puts the controller in the "Idle and Scanning State".

Y = 1 -- clear Controller - Resets and clears all stored directives, errors, and interrupts at the CR controller. The CR remains in a Selected state.

Y = 2 -- disconnect Controller - Disconnect the CR controller from the I/O bus. Except for resetting the Selected Status State, and disconnection from the I/O bus, this directive has no other affect on the controller.

Y = 3 -- master Reset -- Reset shift register and serial transmission control, initialize scanner, and perform functions associated with "Clear Controller" (Z = 7, Y = 1).

3.3.2.3 status and Address Word Format and Description

The format and definition of each bit or field in the two status words and the address word are given below.

______________________________________ 1) Controller Status Word Bit Position Mnemonic Description ______________________________________ 0-4 ASO Address Scanner output -- indicates data link being scanned, 0 to 31. 5 IAS A 1 indicates that the state of the CR is Idle and Scanning. 6 SEN A 1 indicates that the CR is sending a message. 7 REC A 1 indicates that the CR is receiving a message. 8 SES A 1 indicates that the CR has sent a message successfully. 9 RES A 1 indicates that the CR has received a message successfully. 10 ERS A 1 indicates that the CR has sent a message with an error being detected. 11 ERR A 1 indicates that the CR has received a message with an error being detected. 12 SST A 1 indicates that the CR is in the Operating Full Scan state. A 0 indicates that the CR is in the Operate Standby state. 13 INS A 1 indicates that the CR will interrupt the DP after each message is sent successfully. A 0 indicates that the CR will not interrupt the DP after each message is sent successfully. 14 MGT A 1 indicates that the data link being scanned requires a four word message. A 0 indicates that the data link being scanned requires a two word message. 15 CRI A 1 indicates the CR interrupt flip-flop is set. 16 DB0 A 1 indicates that the 25th data bit of word 0 is a 1. 17 DB1 A 1 indicates that the 25th data bit of word 1 is a 1. 18 DB2 A 1 indicates that the 25th data bit of word 2 is a 1. 19 DB3 A 1 indicates that the 25th data bit of word 3 is a 1. 20-23 Spare = 0 2) Error Status Word 0 RPO A 1 indicates that word 0 was received with bad parity. (By either the CR or the MCR). 1 RP1 A 1 indicates that word 1 was received with bad parity. 2 RP2 A 1 indicates that word 2 was received with bad parity. 3 RP3 A 1 indicates that word 3 was received with bad parity. 4 ES0 A 1 indicates that bad shifting was detected in word 0's shift register. 5 ES1 A 1 indicates that bad shifting was detected in word 1's shift register. 6 ES2 A 1 indicates that bad shifting was detected in word 2's shift register. 7 ES3 A 1 indicates that bad shifting was detected in word 3's shift register. 8 SP0 A 1 indicates that the CR detected bad parity while sending word 0. 9 SP1 A 1 indicates that the CR detected bad parity while sending word 1. 10 SP2 A 1 indicates that the CR detected bad parity while sending word 2. 11 SP3 A 1 indicates that the CR detected bad parity while sending word 3. 12 PER A 1 indicates that a message was received by either the CR or an MCR with bad parity. 13 SER A 1 indicates that a message was received by either the CR or an MCR and bad shifting was detected. 14 PES A 1 indicates that the CR detected bad parity while sending a message. 15 DLE A 1 indicates improper responses over data link. 16 PB1 Indicates the status of the 1st prefix bit register. 17 PE2 Indicates the status of the 2nd prefix bit register. 18 LSC This bit indicates the current status of the "data" lead of the data link. 19 LSC This bit indicates the current status of the "clock" lead of the data link. 20-22 DLS These three coded bits indicate the status of three remaining status leads of the data line. DLS is coded as follows: DLS = 0 Idle 1 Spare 2 Good Message Received 3 Acknowledge 4 Bad Message Received 5 Call for service prime 6 Call for service 7 Spare 23 LOS A 1 indicates the link for the unit whose address is stored in the address register in the lockout condition. 3) The Address Word (from the DP to the CR) 0-4 ASI Input to the Address Scanner -- Indicates data link to be scanned, O-31. 5 PF1 A 0 causes a 1 to be the first bit of the prefix bit. A 1 causes a 0 to be the first of prefix bits. 6 PF2 A 0 causes a 0 to be the second bit of the prefix bits. A 1 causes a 1 to be the second prefix bit. 7-23 Spare = 0 ______________________________________

3.3.2.4 Scanning, DP Selection of the CR, and CR interrupts. The CR can be put in one of three major states listed below by means of the Select instructions described in section 3.3.2.2.

Off-Line -- State in which the CR is not in a condition to be put in service due to a fault or other maintenance reasons.

On-Line, Standby -- State in which the CR is ready to be put into service. In this state, the CR is scanning only the call for service request from the duplicate (active CR).

On-Line, Active -- State in which the CR is scanning the call for service leads from the Markers or is in the process of being used for a transmission (to or from the Marker).

When the CR is in this last state, it can be seized by the Markers for a transmission to the DP. Since the on-line active CR can also be seized by the DP for a transmission to the Markers, a scanning interlock is required. This interlock is achieved by stopping the scanner in the CR and inhibiting all Marker call for service requests from being recognized whenever the CR receives a select (SEL) instruction with a Display Status directive, from the DP. The CR will maintain this state until a Disconnect, Disconnect and Clear, or one of the four Send directives is received. Since the CR can be in the process of causing an interrupt (receive or send complete), the interrupt should be disabled when the CR is selected to determine its idle/busy status. If the CR is found idle, the interrupts can be enabled and the loading process can be initiated. If the CR is found busy the CR should be "unlocked" via a Disconnect directive prior to enabling the interrupts. The use of the above procedure for obtaining an idle CR for sending a frame to an Originating or Terminating Marker is described below.

1. Sending a Frame to the Originating Marker

The communication between the OM and the DP is normally a one way transmission from the OM to the DP. Communication from the DP to the OM is only needed for equipment routining (junctors, lines, etc.), marker routining and diagnostics, and marker directives (on line/off line, etc.). To communicate with a particular OM, the DP must select the CR when the CR is idle and the OM is either idle or in trouble. If the marker is in trouble and the CR is idle when selected, the CR loading process can be started. If the marker is in trouble and the CR is busy when selected, the next CR interrupt (send or receive complete) can be used to initiate the CR loading process for sending. If however, the marker is idle or busy (non trouble condition), the CPD directive STANDBY (Refer to section 8.5-10) can be processed. This directive will place a selected marker in the standby condition when it enters the idle state. In the standby condition the OM will not assign a CFS from a matrix, and will set the standby interrupt/sense line true to alert the Central Processor.

2. Sending a Communication Frame to the Terminating Marker.

The Terminating Marker differs from the Originating Marker in the way it receives a task to perform. The TM only performs tasks conveyed to it by the DP via the CR i.e. it never goes out of idle on its own. Also since the TM returns the results of the termination attempt (just prior to going idle) to the DP via the CR, the DP always has an indication of when the TM goes idle. Therefore the DP can use the interrupt from the CR to service the Terminating Marker queue(s). However if the TM and CR are both idle the frame for the TM can be loaded into the CR without waiting for the CR interrupt.

The above procedure can be used for all types of communication frames i.e. call processing, maintenance, routining, etc.

3.3.2.5 Receiving Sequence

The CR in the DPU is put into the receiving mode whenever the scanner stops on a call for service signal from one of the markers. The steps in the sequence after a request has been observed are as follows:

1. The CR returns an "acknowledge" signal to the marker.

2. When the MCR in the marker observes the "acknowledge" signal, it starts sending the information using serial transmission.

3. As each 26 bit word is shifted out of the MCR, a parity bit is generated and added to the frame of information to make up the 26th bit.

4. As each 26 bit word is shifted into the CR in the DPU, the word is checked for correct parity.

5. After two or four words (frames from OM and TM respectively) are received and the parity is correct for each word, the CR interrupts the DPU for unloading. The CR also returns a "Good Message Received" signal to the MCR.

6. after the DPU acknowledges the interrupt, the call processing status word and two or four data words are stored in core memory via Select and Store Channel Commands.

7. When the data is stored in memory, the DPU can either disconnect the CR and put it into the "idle and scanning" state or reset the CR and go into the loading sequence for sending a frame to one of the markers.

8. If in sequence 6, the call processing status word indicated trouble, the error status word would be retrieved via Select and Store Channel Commands. The CR will automatically return a "bad message receive" signal to the MCR. The MCR upon observing the signal, will make a second "call for service" to the CR.

9. the DPU must put the CR in an idle and scanning state (via Select command) to enable the scanner to observe the second call for service signal from the Marker. By loading the address word with the correct address (Add-1) prior to disconnecting the CR, the DPU can force the CR to observe the second call for service signal from the original marker before scanning any other MCR requests.

10. If the second transmission is error free, the original problem will be considered an error and the operation will proceed to sequence (6).

11. If the second transmission also has error(s), the CR will again send a "bad message received" signal to the MCR. This time, however, the MCR will not make another call for service to the CR.

3.3.2.6 sending Sequence

The sending sequence can be entered from the receive sequence or by selecting the CR and finding it in the idle and scanning state. If the CR is not in the idle and scanning state when selected, the DPU must wait for the next interrupt (receive or send complete) before entering the sending sequence. Once entered, the sending sequence is as follows.

1. The address word and two or four data words (depending on whether the frame is for the OM or TM respectively) are loading into the registers of the CR via Select and Load Channel commands.

2. Following a Select Command (Send), the CR will make a "call for service" to the MCR specified by the address word.

3. The MCR will return an "Acknowledge" signal and the CR will begin the serial transmission. As each 26 bit word, is shifted out of the shift register, the parity for the word is checked against the parity generated by the DPU. Any errors detected during the transmission will be stored and the transmission will be allowed to continue until completion. Following the transmission, the DPU will be interrupt if an error is stored.

4. As the information is received in the MCR, each 26 bit word is checked for correct parity. If parity is correct for all words received, and no other errors have occurred, the MCR will return a "Good Message Received" signal to the CR. If errors are detected in the MCR, it will return a "Bad Message Received" signal to the CR. For the second case see sequence 7.

5. the Following a "Good Message Received" signal from the MCR the CR will either go into the "Idle and Scanning" state or interrupt the DPU. The DPU can control the action taken by the CR with a Select Command (Interrupt After Sending directive).

6. If the CR is set to interrupt after successful sending, the DPU can either disconnect the CR or reenter the sending sequence.

7. If errors are detected in sequence 3 or 4, the DPU can initiate a retrial. This consists of resetting the CR with a Select Command before going to sequence 1.

8. If the retrial is successful, the original problem is considered an error. If the retrial is not successful the Communication Register fault isolation program will be called.

3.3.2.7 Holding Time of the CR

The holding time for the Communication Register includes the loading or unloading time in the DP, the send transmission time, and the overhaul time in the marker. The holding time will differ based on whether the transmission is involved with an Originating or Terminating Marker. Since the communication frame for the OM is one half the size of the frame for the TM, the holding time for the CR involving the OM is one-half that involving the T. The holding time for these cases is given below:

A) Transmission with OM 1) DP load or unload commands 50 .mu.s 2) Transmission Time: 208 .mu.s 52 bits at 250 KC 3) Marker & Signaling 20 .mu.s Overhead B) Transmission with TM 1) DP load or unload 70 .mu.s Commands 2) Transmission Time 416 .mu.s 104 bits at 250 KC 3) Marker & Signaling 20 .mu.s Overhead Total 506 .mu.s

The loading or unloading time stated for the DP assumes no interrupts during the loading or unloading sequence. Also for loading the CR, it is assumed that the three or five words to be loaded into the CR are preformatted and are stored in a three or five word table prior to selecting the CR.

3.3.2.8 communication Register Maintenance

A. cr error Detection -- There are two error interrupts which are directly associated with the CR. The first is the error interrupt from the Channel Multiplex circuit. This interrupt will indicate a parity error on loading the CR or any other failure which would cause the CR not to return an acknowledge to the Channel Multiplex. The second type of error is that received from the CR controller. The different types of errors which are included in CR controller error are listed in section 3.3.2 under Controller and Error Status Words. A summary of these errors is given below:

1. Parity error indication for each word for both sending and receiving.

2. Shifting error indication for each word.

3. Data link-error.

4. Parity Error indication from the source or sink of the transmission.

B. cr routining -- There are two dynamic routines provided for CR fault isolation and localization. The first routine consists of sending a frame to a marker and instructing the MCR in the marker to return the message as received. This can be accomplished in one of two ways.

1. Issue a Send 2 Prime or Send 4 Prime directive rather than the normal Send 2 or Send 4 directive.

2. Set the instruction field (INT or INO) of word 0 of either the terminating or originating frame to zero.

Method 1 involves only the CR in the DP and the MCR in the Marker whereas the second method involves the instruction decoding and sending sequence control of the marker.

The second type of CR routine consists of sending a two or four word frame from the on-line active CR in the DP to the duplicate on-line standby CR. The two CRs in the DP can be put into the above state with Select directives. The routine is set up by loading the address scanner in the on-line CR with the address of the standby CR. Based on whether the routine is for checking a two or four word transmission, one of two procedures will be followed:

1. Two Word Transmission Routine

a. Two Words are loaded into data register 0 & 1.

b. A Send 2 Prime directive is given.

2. Four Word Transmission Routine

a. Four Words are loaded into the 4 data registers.

b. A Send 4 directive is given.

3.3.3 MARKER OPERATION

3.3.3.1 data Interface with Originating Marker

A. description of Originating Marker Communication Frames.

The frame of information which is transmitted via the CR between the Data Processor and the Originating Marker consist of two data words (48 data bits) two parity bits, and two other error detection bits. Included in the two data words are the following groups of data.

Line Group Originations

1. Control Data and Marker Identity

2. Line Number Identity

3. Matrix Identity of Originating Junctor (OJ)

4. matrix Identity of Register Junctor (RJ)

Trunk Group Originating

1. Control Data and Marker Identity

2. Trunk Number Identity

3. Matrix Identity of RJ

As described in section 3.3.2 the interface with the OM for call processing and metering consists of a single two word transmission from the OM to the DP. There is no response to the OM other than the "message received OK" signal returned by the hardware. The only case where the DP transmits a message to the OM (Via the CR) is for maintenance or routining. Given below are the format and description of the Originating Marker Communication Frame.

1. Data Word 0 -- Data word zero is the control and Marker identity word for the total frame of information. The format of this word is similar to the format of data word 0 for the Terminating Marker communication frame. ##SPC51##

Sbs -- subsection

1. Bit Position -- 2-3

2. Valid Range -- 0-3

3. Description -- This field specifies the type of marker and if there is more than one marker in a section, the subsection. This field, along with SEC & MID specifies a unique marker.

4. Value

Sbs = 0 terminating Subsection

Sbs = 1,2,3 originating Subsection 1, 2, 3 respectively

Mid -- marker Identity

1. Bit Position -- 4

2. Valid Range -- 0-1

3. Description -- This bit indicates which marker of a given pair specified by SEC & SBS) is involved in the origination.

4. Value

Mid = 0 marker A

Mid = 1 marker B

Mtn - maintenance Call

1. Bit Position -- 5

2. Valid Range -- 0-1

3. Description -- This bit indicates whether the frame should be interpreted as call processing or maintenance information.

4. Value

Mtn = 0 -- call Processing or test call

Mtn = 1 -- maintenance request or command

Tcl - test Call

1. Bit Position -- 6

2. Valid Range -- 0-1

3. Description -- This bit is used to indicate a test call on the return frame from the OM.

4. value

Tcl = 0 standard Call

Tcl = 1 test Call

Ino - instruction (Originating Marker)

1. Bit Position -- 7-11

2. Valid Range -- 0-31

3. Description -- When MTN = 0, this field is used by the DP to specify the type of action to be taken in the processing of test origination.

4. Value -- When MTN = 1, this field is used for maintenance instruction (See Section VI). The values below one for the normal case with MTN = 0.

Ino = 0 mcr test -- no call processing is performed, but the MCR will immediately return the data frame exactly as received.

Ino = 1 no pull -- this is a special call in which an inlet CFS is simulated and the selected or requested matrix path is not pulled, but a multiple path check is made. The test call is stopped at this point and a special call status is returned indicating the test call was successful. The TCL byte must always be set for this call.

Ino = 2 pull -- this special call simulates an inlet CFS and completes the test call to the selected or requested matrix outlet. On response will be returned at end of call was successfully completed. The TCL byte must always be set for this call.

Ino = 3 wire chief origination -- the path is completed from a specific matrix inlet even if the line is busy.

Ino = 4-31 spare

Bun - b unit

1. Bit Position -- 16-19

2. Valid Range -- 0-10

3. Description -- This field specifies which of 10 matrix B units for a given AB group was involved in the origination.

4. Value -- BUN = 0 Used for test calls only. As blank BUN field indicates that no specific B unit is required for the test call.

BUN - 1 - 10 Regular B units

Cso - call Status (originating)

1. Bit Position -- 20-23

2. Valid Range -- 1-15

3. Description -- This field is used to indicate the outcome of an originating marker attempt to process on origination.

4. Value

Ocs = 1 normal LN1 or TN 1 message

Ocs = 2 all AB Link busy

Ocs = 3 all RJ's busy

Ocs = 4 path busy

Sec - office Section

1. Bit Position -- 0-1

2. Valid Range -- 1-3

3. Description -- This field of the LNI or TNI specifies which office section was involved in the origination. LNIs can only be associated with office sections 1 and 2 while TNIs can be associated with all three sections.

4. Value

Sec = 1 office Section No. 1

Sec = 2 office Section No. 2

2. Data Word 1 - Data Word 1 contains the line or trunk number identification (LNI or TNI) and matrix information for identifying the selected Originating Junctor (Line originations only) and Register Junctor. The LNI or TNI includes all the fields from bit position 6 to 23 of Data Word 1.

MTX ABG AUN AUI RUO BUO 23 22 21 18 17 15 14 11 10 6 5 3 2 0

Buo -- b unit Outlet

1. Bit Position -- 0-2

2. Valid Range -- 0-4

3. Description -- This field specifies the outlet at the B unit that was selected for the origination.

4. Value -- BUO = 0 Used only for test calls. BUO = 0 indicates that no B unit outlet is being specified.

BUO = 1 - 4 Regular B Unit outlets

Ruo - line Matrix R Unit Outlet

1. Bit Position -- 3-5

2. Valid Range -- 0-6

3. Description -- For line originations, this field specifies which outlet on the Line Matrix R unit was selected. The R unit is not specified in the frame directly because it is identical to the B Unit Outlet (BUO). For trunk originations this field is blank.

4. Value -- RUO = 0 For test calls, it indicates that no R unit outlet is specified. For a RUO = 1-5 Regular Line Matrix R unit Outlets

Aui - a unit Inlet

1. Bit Position -- 6-10

2. Valid Range -- 1-20

3. Description -- The AUI field of the LNI or TNI specifies which of the 20 inlets of the A unit was identified in the origination.

4. Value

Aui = 0 invalid AUI = 1-20 Regular A Unit inlet

Aun - a unit

2. Bit Position -- 11-14

2. Valid Range -- 1-10

3. Description -- This field of the LNI or TNI specifies which of the 10 A Units of the Line Matrix was identified during the origination.

4. Value -- AUN = 1-10 Regular A Units

Abg - ab group

1. Bit Bosition -- 15-17

2. Valid Range -- 1-6

3. Description -- This field of the LNI or TNI specifies which of the 200 line AB group was identified during the origination. This field also indicates if the origination is associated with a line or trunk B register matrix.

4. Value -- ABG -- 1-5 Regular Line AB groups (LNI)

6 indicates a Trunk Register Matrix Identity (TNI)

7 invalid

Mtx - matrix (Line Group or Trunk Register)

1. Bit Position -- 18-21

2. Valid Range -- 1-11

3. Description -- This field of the LNI or TNI specifies which of the 10 Line Group Matrices or 5 Trunk Register Matrices was identified in the origination.

4. Value MTX = 1-10 Regular Line Group Matrices For Trunk Register Matrices the range is 1-5. MTX = 6 is the trunk test matrix.

B) Description of the Control for Setting the Fields of the Originating Marker Communication Frame

The control for setting the fields described above will vary based on whether the frame corresponds to a normal call or a test call. Table IV-A illustrates the 12 possible call processing and test call frames and indicates the control for each field. (Table IV-A).

The entry in the table have the following meaning:

M -- indicates the field is set by the OM.

D -- indicates the field is set by the DP.

M' -- indicates the field is set by the OM based on what was sent by the DP. The OM resets these fields and loads them from the internal hardware (scanners). Comparison of what was sent to the OM against what was received is one of the fault detection methods for the interface.

U -- indicates the field is returned to the DP unaltered.

Dc -- indicates the value of the field is a don't care because it will be overwritten by the OM. However for consistency, this field should either be set to zero or to the value that the OM will set it to.

Specific Values -- Some of the entries in the table have specific values. This is to indicate the required value of the field for the particular frame. Those entries where the value is not specified can take on any reasonable value.

1. Call Processing Frames. The first two frames No. 1 and No. 2 are the normal call processing frame received from an OM for a line and trunk origination respectively. Since the OM sets all fields on these two frames, these two frames are quite simple.

2. Test Call Frames. Frames 3 to 12 illustrate the setting control (Data Processor Originating Marker) for selecting certain lines and junctors during a test call. These frames are as follows:

Frame No.

3 -- Frame sent to OM to request the OM to cause an origination from the line specified (LNI) using any OJ or RJ.

4 -- frame returned from OM (to DP) as a result of frame No. 3.

5 -- Frame sent to OM to request the OM to cause an origination from an inlet on the Trunk Register Matrix as specified by the TN1 using any RJ.

6 -- frame returned from OM as a result of frame No. 5.

7 -- Frame sent to OM to cause an origination from the line specified (LN1) using the OJ specified and any RJ in specified R unit.

8 -- Frame returned from OM as a result of frame No. 7.

9 -- Frame sent to OM to cause an origination from the line specified (LN1) using the specified OJ and RJ.

10 -- frame returned from OM as a result of frame No. 9.

11 -- Frame sent to the OM to cause an origination from the inlet of the Trunk Register Matrix specified by TNI using the RJ specified.

12 -- Frame returned from OM as a result of frame No. 11.

3. Metering Frames. When blockage occurs in the Originating Marker, it will transmit a frame with the same information content and format as frames No. 1 or 2 based on whether the blockage occurred during a line or trunk origination respectively. The frame will always contain the correct LNI or TNI however if blockage occurs the matrix identities for the junctors will be whatever the marker scanner indicates when the blockage was detected.

4. Maintenance Frames. These frames are described in section 3.3.3.3.

TABLE IV A __________________________________________________________________________ ORIGINATING MARKER COMMUNICATION FRAMES FRAME* CSO BUN INO TCL MTN MIO SBS SEC MTX ABG AUN AUI RUD BUO __________________________________________________________________________ 1 M M M=0 M=0 M=0 M M M M 1-11 M 1-5 M M M M 2 M M M=0 M=0 M=0 M M M M 1-5 M 6 M M M M 3 D=0 D=0 D D=1 D=0 DC DC DC D D 1-5 D D D=0 D=0 4 M M U U U M M M M' M' M' M' M M 5 D=0 D=0 D D=1 D=0 DC DC DC D D=6 D D D=0 D=0 6 M M U U U M M M M' M'=6 M' M' M M 7 D=0 D D D=1 D=0 DC DC DC D D 1-5 D D D=0 D 8 M M' U U U M M M M M' 1-5 M' M' M M' 9 D=0 D D D=1 D=0 DC DC DC D D 1-5 D D D D 10 M M' U U U M M M M' M' 1-5 M M' M' M' 11 D=0 D D D=1 D=0 DC DC DC D 1-5 D=6 D D D=0 D 12 M M' U U U M M M M' 1-5 M'=6 M' M' M' M' __________________________________________________________________________

3.3.3.2 data interface with terminating marker

a. description of Terminating Marker Communication Frames

The frame of information which is transmitted via the CR between the data Processor and the Terminating Marker consists of 4 data words (96 bit), 4 parity bits, and 4 error detection bits. The four data words contain the following groups of data

Word 0 -- Control data and Marker identity

Word 1 -- Selector Group Inlet Identity and Trunk control.

Word 2 -- Selector Group Outlet information.

Word 3 -- Terminating line identity.

The normal call processing interface with the TM consist of a 4 word (104 bit) transmission followed by a 4 word response from the TM indicating the result of the termination attempt. The format of the four data words is given below:

1. Data Word 0 -- Data word zero is the control and marker identity word for the total frame of information. The format of this word is similar to the format of data word 0 for the Originating Marker. ##SPC52##

Sbs - subsection

1. Bit Position -- 2-3

2. Valid Range -- 0-3

3. Description -- This field specifies the type of marker and if there is more than one marker in a section, the subsection. This field, along with SEC & MID specifies a unique marker.

4) Value

Sbs = 0 terminating Subsection

Sbs = 1, 2, 3 originating Subsection 1, 2, 3 respectively

Mid - marker Identity

1. Bit Position -- 4

2. Valid Range -- 0-1

3. Description -- This bit indicates which marker of a given pair (specified by SEC & SBS) is involved in the origination.

4. Value

Mid = 0 marker A

Mid = 1 marker B

Mtn - maintenance Call

1. Bit Position -- 5

2. Valid Range -- 0-1

3. Description -- This bit indicates whether the frame should be interpreted as call processing or maintenance information.

4. Value

Mtn = 0 -- call Processing or test call

Mtn = 1 -- maintenance request or command

Tcl - test Call

1. Bit Position -- 6

2. Valid Range -- 0-1

3. Description -- This bit is used to indicate a test call on the return frame from the OM.

4. value

Tcl = 0 standard Call

Tcl = 1 test Call

Int - instruction Terminating

1. Bit Position -- 7-11

2. Valid Range -- 0-31

3. Description -- When MTN = 0 this field is used to specify the type of termination required. This mode is used for normal call processing, routining, and test calls. When MTN - 1 the INT field will be used for maintenance instructions (see Section 3.3.3.3.)

4. Value -- When MTN = 0, the INT field will have the following interpretation.

Int = 0 -- mcr test -- no call processing is performed, but the MCR will immediately return the data frame exactly as received.

1. Normal Call, No Test -- Normal call process with no continuity test to the RJ.

2. normal Call with Test -- Normal call processing with a continuity test to the RJ. This test is specified by the DPU when the call is being processed through the final selector matrix and the call is not terminating to a local line matrix.

3. No Pull -- This is a special call in which the inlet potential is not checked and the path is not pulled, but a multiple path check is made. This call is used only as a test call and the TCL bit must always be set.

4. Busy Override -- The path is completed even if the line is busy. The BO instruction is only used to complete to lines and always uses an X-TJ. The BO instruction should never be used in conjunction with a specified matrix path. A continuity test to the RJ is made.

5. Wire Chief -- The path is completed even if the line tests busy and a line circuit test is performed. In addition the call is completed even with the detection of either foreign potential or power cross. If either of these conditions is detected, the TCS byte will indicate one of the line circuit fault codes.

6. Line Routine - This special call performs a line circuit test but does not override line busy or override any other check or test. ITN = 7 - 31 Spare

Cst - call Status Terminating

1. Bit Position -- 20-23

2. Valid Range -- 0-15

3. Description -- This field is used by the TM to inform the DP on the outcome of the Termination attempt. Table V-A illustrates the possible CST replies for each Terminating instruction (INT).

4. value -- CST = 0 Marker malfunction -- call not complete

1. Completed call -- line or outlet idle -- no line circuit fault.

2. Call not completed -- line busy.

3. All LX AB links busy

4. All TJ-LX paths busy or all outlets busy.

5. Special feature busy.

6. Path Busy

7. Call completed -- line or outlet busy - no line circuit fault.

8. Call completed -- line idle, -- line circuit fault.

9. Call completed -- line busy -- line circuit fault.

10. Marker Trouble -- call completed -- line idle -- no line circuit fault

11. Marker trouble -- call completed -- line busy -- no line circuit fault

12. Marker Trouble -- call completed -- line idle -- line circuit fault

13. Marker Trouble -- call completed -- line busy -- line circuit fault

14-15. Spare

In some codes where "no line circuit fault" is indicated, a line circuit test was not made. A line circuit test is only made when a Wire Chief or Line Routine instruction is received.

Sec - section

1. Bit Position -- 0-1

2. Valid Range -- 1-3

3. Description -- This field is used in the return frame from the TM to indicate the section in which the transmission was sent.

4. Value

Sec = 1 office Section No. 1 SEC = 2 Office Section No. 2 SEC = 3 Selector section

B. Data Word 1 - Data word 1 contains the 16 bit Selector Group inlet identity and the Trunk and junctor control field. ##SPC53##

Tkc - trunk control

1. bit Position -- 0-5

2. Valid Range -- 2.sup.6

3. Description -- The bit TKC field is a control field for controlling the Terminating Junctor or Trunk. The 6 bit field is transferred to the trunk or junctor via a 6 bit bus.

4. Value -- The value of the TKC field for specifying ringing frequency for TJs is as follows:

Tck = 16 frequency 1 to the R lead

Tck = 17 frequency 1 to the T lead

Tck = 18 frequency 2 to the R lead

Tck = 19 frequency 2 to the T lead

Tck = 20-25 spare ringing codes

Sau - selector Matrix A Unit

4. Value

Sau = 1 selector A Unit No. 1

Sau = 5 selector A Unit No. 10

Sab - selector Matrix AB Group

1. Bit Position -- 15-17

2. Valid Range -- 1-6

3. Description -- The SAB field defines one of the 6 AB group of the Selector Matrix in the total Selector Group inlet identity.

4. Value

Sab = 1 selector AB Group No. 1

Sab = 6 selector Ab Group No. 6

Smx - selector Matrix

1. Bit Position -- 18-21

2. Valid Range -- 1-11

3. Description -- The SMX field defines one of the 10 Selector Matrices in a Selector Group in the total Selector Group inlet identity.

4. Value

Smx = 1 selector Matrix No. 1

Smx = 10 selector Matrix No. 10

Smx = 11 selector Test Matrix

C. Data Word 2 -- Data Word 2 contains the fields for specifying a group of outlets of the Selector Group Matrices. It also contains the fields for retrieving the identity of the trunk or junctor selected by the Terminating Marker. ##SPC54##

Sut -- selector Units

1. Bit Position -- 0-3

2. Valid Range -- 0-10

3. Description -- On communication frames from the TM to the DP, this field and the STN field specified which outlet in the group was selected. On frames to the TM this field, in conjunction with the STN field, can instruct the TM to select any idle unit (SUT = 0) of a particular outlet specified by SUT & STN (both not equal to zero)

4. Value -- SUT = 0 In the transmission to the TM, this indicates that a scan is to be made.

1 In the transmission to the TM, this indicates that the path is specified and that Units No. 1 is to be used.

10 This indicates that the path is specified and that Units No. 10 is to be used.

In the return transmission to the DPU, the Units No. used in the call (1-10) is sent.

Stn -- selector Tens

1. Bit Position -- 4-7

2. Valid Range -- 0-8

3. Description -- See SUT

4. value -- STN = 0 In the transmission to the TM, this indicates that a scan is to be made.

1 In the transmission to the TM, this indicates that the path is specified and that Tens No. 1 is to be used.

8 In the transmission to the TM, this indicates that the path is specified and that Tens No. 8 is to be used.

In the return transmission to the DPU, the Tens No. used in the call (1-8) is sent.

Sqs - sequential Scan

1. Bit Position -- 8

2. Valid Range -- 0, 1

3. Description -- This field specifies the type of scan the TM should use in selecting in idle unit.

4. Value

-- SQS - 0 Random Scan

Sws = 1 sequential Scan

Pls -- plus

1. Bit Position -- 9-11

2. Valid Range -- 0-7

3. Description -- The PLS field is used to specify the size of the outlet group to be scanned. The PLS field specific how many arrays (10 outlets) should be scanned in addition to the array specified by the ARR field.

4. Value -- PLS = 0 Only the array indicated by ARR is to be scanned.

1 One Array (array ARR + 1) is addition to that specified by ARR is to be scanned.

6 Six Arrays in addition to that specified by ARR are to be scanned.

6 Six Arrays in addition to that specified by ARR are to be scanned.

7 Scan all Arrays on Horizontal specified.

Arr - array

1. Bit Position -- 12-15

2. Valid Range -- 1-8

3. Description -- The ARR Field is used to specify one of 8 outlet groups. An array consists of 10 outlets on the same horizontal. ##SPC55##

Ccg -- c card Group

1. Bit Position -- 16

2. Valid Range -- 0,1

3. Description -- The CCG field is used to indicate which group of C cards should be involved in the scan. Each C card group consists of 800 outlets maximum.

4. Value

Ccg - 0 c card Group A

(hor = 1, 10)

ccg - 1 c card group B

(hor = 1, 10 is interpreted as horizontal 11 to 20).

Hor -- horizontal

1. Bit Position -- 17-20

2. Valid Range -- 1-10

3. Description -- In conjunction with the CCG field, the HOR field specifies one of the 20 horizontal upon which the scan or selector should take place.

4. Value -- For CCG = 0, HOR has the following interpretation:

Hor = 1 horizontal No. 1

Hor = 10 horizontal No. 10

For CCG = 1, HOR has the following interpretation:

Hor = 1 horizontal No. 11

Hor = 10 horizontal No. 20

D. Data Word 3 -- Data word 3 contains the information required to specify a line equipment for a local termination. This word also contains information for termination to PBXs on the line matrix. For trunk terminations, data word 3 is blank.

______________________________________ L LMX LAB LAU LAI P X 23 22 21 18 17 15 14 11 10 6 5 4 0 ______________________________________

Lpx -- line Matrix PBX

1. bit Position -- 5

2. Valid Range -- 0-1

3. Description -- The LPX field is used to indicate a PBX line matrix termination. When LPX is a one, the interpretation of the remaining fields will differ from that of a normal line Termination (LPX = 0).

4. value

Lpx = 0 normal Line Termination (not PBX)

Lpx = 1 line Matrix PBX termination

Lai - line A Inlet

1. Bit Position -- 6-10

2. Valid Range -- 1-20

3. Description -- The LAI field, which is analogous to the AUI on originating, is used to specify the particular inlet in the A unit for terminating a local call.

4. Value -- The interpretation of LAI for LPX = 0 is as follows:

Lai = 1 line inlet No. 1

Lai = 20 line Inlet No. 20

When LPX = 1, the LAI field should be set = 0 by the DP. For this case, the TM will insert the particular inlet selected into the LAI field for the terminating response.

Lau - line Matrix A Unit

1. Bit Position -- 11-14

2. Valid Range -- 0-10

3. Description -- This field, which is analogous to SUN an originations, is used to specify one of 10 A units for terminating a local call. For a PBX call (LPX = 1), the LAU field is used to specify the scan group and the particular set of PBX inlets. For LPX = 0, LAU has the following interpretation

LAU - 0 Indicates that no Line A Unit is being used. ##SPC56##

4. Value -- For LPX = 1, LAU has the following interpretation:

Lau = 0xxx indicates inlets 1 and 6 of every A unit.

Lau = 1xxx indicates inlets 11 and 16 of every A unit ##SPC57##

If the LPX bit is a 1, the LAU field is broken into two pieces of data.

The most significant bit indicates whether inlets 1 and 6 or inlets 11 and 16 are to be used. The 3 least significant bits indicate the scan group.

Lab -- line AB Group

1. Bit Positions -- 15-17

2. Valid Range -- 0-6

3. Description -- This field, which is analogous to the ABG on originating, specifies which of five AB groups are involved in the local termination.

4. Value -- The interpretation of the LAB group is independent of the LPX field.

Lab = 0 indicates that no line matrix is being used. ##SPC58##

Lmx -- line Matrix

1. Bit Position -- 18-21

2. Valid Range -- 0-11

3. Description -- This field, which is analogous to MTX on originating, is used to specify 1 of 10 line matrices for a local termination.

4. Value -- The interpretation of LMX is independent of the LPX field.

Lmx - 0 indicates that no line matrix is being used ##SPC59##

B. Description of the Control for Setting the Fields of the Terminating Marker Communication Frame

The control for setting the fields described in section 3.3.2.8 will vary based on whether the frame correspond to a line, trunk, or PBX termination and whether the termination is a normal call or a test call. Table V-A illustrates the 10 call processing and test call frames and indicates the setting control for each field. The entries in the table have the same meaning as for Table IV A (Section 3.3.3.1). The 10 frames are as follows:

Frame No.

1 -- Frame sent to TM for a line termination.

2 -- Frame returned from TM as a result of frame No. 1.

3 -- Frame to TM for a line termination specifying a particular Terminating Junctor.

4 -- Frame returned from TM as a result of frame No. 3.

5 -- Frame sent to TM for a trunk termination on the Selector Group Matrix.

6 -- Frame returned from TM as a result of frame No. 5.

7 -- Frame sent to TM for a trunk termination specifying a particular trunk (particular Selector Group outlet).

8 -- Frame returned from TM as a result of frame No. 7.

9 -- Frame sent to TM for a PBX line termination.

10 -- Frame returned from TM as a result of frame No. 9.

When blockage or trouble occurs on a termination attempt the TM will convey this condition via the status field (CST) on the return frame.

The maintenance frames (MTN = 1) are described in section 3.3.3.3.

TABLE V-A __________________________________________________________________________ TERMINATING MARKER COMMUNICATION FRAMES CST INT TCL MTN MID SBS SEC SGI* TKC SGO* STN SUT TLN* LPX __________________________________________________________________________ 1 DC D D=0 D=0 DC DC DC D D D D=0 D=0 D D=0 2 M U U U M M M U U U M M U U 3 DC D D=1 D=0 DC DC DC D D D D D D D=0 4 M U U U M M M U U U M' M' U U 5 DC D D=0 D=0 DC DC DC D D D D=0 D=0 D=0 D=0 6 M U U U M M M U U U M M U U 7 DC D D=1 D=0 DC DC DC D D D D D D=0 D=0 8 M U U U M M M U U U M' M' U U 9 DC D D=0 D=0 DC DC DC D D D D=0 D=0 D.sup.t D=1 10 M U U U M M M U U U M M U.sup.t U M __________________________________________________________________________ *SGI -- Selector Group Inlet Includes SMX, SAB, SAU, +SAI *SGO -- Selector Group Outlet Includes HOR, CCG, ARR, PLS, +SQS *TLN -- Terminating LNI includes LMX, LAB, LAU, LAI t -- The LAI Field Should be Set = 0 by DP + -- The Marker will Write LAI but return the Remainder of TLN unaltered

3.3.3.3 Marker Maintenance Frames

A. Retrieval of Marker Diagnostic Data

The transfer of all diagnostic information including error indication, Marker sequence state in which the error occurred, and marker status data (states of logic elements) to the DP will be via the Communication Register. The CR is presently planned to be used also for all maintenance directives such as on line/off line control, resetting error interrupts, etc. Word of either the Originating or Terminating frame will be used for both requesting the marker to return diagnostic data and for maintenance commands. Word one of either the Originating or Terminating frame will be used to transfer 24 bits of diagnostic information. The format of these two words are as follows: ##SPC60##

Tcl, & sec -- these fields have the same meaning as described in section 3.3.2 and 3.3.3.1. TCL should be set = 0 for the maintenance retrieval.

Mtn -- this field indicates the frame should be interpreted as a maintenance retrieval or command. It should be set = 1 for the maintenance mode.

In(x) -- the Instruction field, INO and INT for originating and terminating respectively, is used to specify which group of 24 status or indication points are to be returned to the DP.

Dg(x) -- the Data Group field, DGO and DGT for originating and terminating respectively, is used to specify which group of 24 status or indication points are to be returned to the DP.

Md(x) -- the Maintenance Data, MDO and MDT field for originating and terminating respectively, contains the 24 bits of status or indication points in the Marker. MD(X) should be set = 0 by the DP on the transmission to the Marker.

The additional two words of the frame on terminating communication frames will not be used for the maintenance transmissions and should be set = 0 by the DP.

The Marker (originating or terminating) will always attempt to return a communication frame to either a maintenance data retrieval command or a maintenance command. The only time this would not be possible would be the occurrence of trouble in the MCR sending operation.

3.3.3.4 CPD DIRECTIVES:

Both Originating and Terminating Markers can be controlled via CPD directives (refer to section 8.5-10) in the following manner.

Cpd n*, 001: RESET ENABLE:

This directive resets all error indicators in the markers and sets it to an idle state.

Cpd n*, 002: RESET INTERRUPTS

This directive resets only the malfunction alarm interrupts. It does not change the state or condition of the marker.

Cpd n*, 004: SEND SR DATA

This directive is used to unload the shift register in the MCR and transmit its contents to the CCP via the CR for analysis.

Cpd n*, 010: STANDBY

This directive will place the associated Originating Marker in a standby condition when that marker enters the idle state. The standby condition will inhibit the OM from assigning a CFS from a matrix and will set the standby interrupt/sense line true in order to alert the CCP of its condition.

Cpd z*, 020: report blockage:

after receiving this directive the OM will report (via the CR) to the CCP, the conditions of, all AB lines busy, All RJ(s) busy and path busy, whenever they are encountered. (With this directive true the initial (or same) CFS could cause redundant reports to be transmitted.)

Cpd z*, 040: do not report blockage

this directive cancels the preceding directive.

Cpd n*, 100: DO NOT PERFORM LINE TEST

This directive resets a latch in the markers that would test the conditions of the marker line.

Cpd n*, 200: PERFORM LINE TEST:

This directive sets the latch as described in CPD n, 100.

Cpd n*, 400: RESET SEND SR DATA

This directive cancels the directive CPD n, 004.

Section 4.0 register sender

4.1 introduction

a brief description is given here of the major hardware elements of the Register-Sender and their relationship to the Data Processing Unit (DPU.) A fully-equipped Control Section has one DPU and two Register-Senders.

Each Register-Sender (RS) has two identical Common Logic Units (CLU-A and CLU-B) and each CLU has an associated RS Core Memory (abbreviated as RCM-A or RCM-B). Each Register-Sender also has its own multiplex equipment and space-divided hardware.

Space-divided hardware is electromechanical in nature and provides interfaces with the system's network equipment. The multiplex equipment provides the interface between the space-divided electro-mechanical hardware and the time-shared electronic hardware of the CLU's.

A minimally-equipped EAX Control Section includes at least one RS (in addition to the Always-required DPU). Within the RS, both CLU's must be equipped but space-divided hardware and its associated multiplex equipment will be equipped to the extent called for by individual office requirements. The two CLU's within an RS normally operate in synchronism, simultaneously servicing each call. They are provided as a pair for reliability so that a single fault in the hardware will not put an RS out of service. The two Register-Senders in a fully-equipped EAX control Section operate independent of each other, never servicing the same call.

4.2 Interface

FIG. 36 shows the major elements involved in the interface between the RS and the DPU. The groupings involve signals from RS Core Memory (RCM) to the DPU, from the DPU to RCM (including parity signals not associated with RCM), RS/DPU configuration sense lines, RS multiplex configuration sense lines, and RS interrupt-associated Sense lines.

4.2.1 Signals from RCM to DPU

A group of 24 data bits, (Data Bits 0-23) and a parity bit (Data Bit 24) are sent to the DPU from the RCM. The DPU detects parity over all 25 leads as a check on the transmissions. This 25 lead grouping is used for the PRA instruction execution by the CCP.

4.2.2 signals from the DPU to RCM

A group of 24 data bits, is sent to the RS from the DPU. The RS generates parity on Data Bits 0-23 and stores this parity bit in the RCM. The 24 lead grouping is controlled by execution of the PAR instruction.

A group of 13 address bits is sent from the DPU to the RS. This 13 lead grouping is used for both the PAR and PRA instruction executions.

4.2.3 RS/DPU Configuration Sense Lines

Three sense lines from the RS give a partial status indication to the DPU of the configuration between the RS and DPU. The three lines are: (a) CCP-A Selected: indicates that this Register-Sender Common Logic Unit (CLU) is accepting read/write commands and data from CCP-A. (b) CCP-B Selected: indicates that this CLU is accepting read/write commands and data from CCP-B. (c) Run Simplex: indicates that this CLU will not attempt to sync read/write commands with its CLU mate before execution of such commands. This operation feature will typically be used when the other CLU has been configured off line with respect to its space-divided equipment.

These sense lines are assigned to groups 20-23 as shown in section 8.3 of this document.

4.2.4 RS Multiplex Configuration Sense Lines

Four sense lines from the RS indicate to the DPU the status of the configuration between the CLU's and their associated multiplex equipment. The multiplex circuits and CLU's have two sets of signals between them. One set, the scan leads, carry signals from the multiplex to the CLU's. The other set, the distribution set, carries signals from the CLU's to the multiplex.

Normally both CLU's scan multiplexed signals from all space-divided equipment but each CLU distributes signals (via the multiplex) only to the half of the space-divided equipment to which it is configured for distribution. CLU-A normally distributes signals to RJM Groups 0, 2, 4 and 6, and RSM Files 1, 3, 5, and 7. CLU-B normally distributes signals to RJM Groups 1, 3, 5, and 7 and RSM Files 2, 4, 6, and 8. The CLU-Multiplex configuration is controlled by means of Direct Control Pulses; see section 8.5. In the case of a Register Timing Generator (RTG) "Y" or "Z." Generator failure, the CLU-Multiplex scan configuration is automatically changed, via hardware, to a simplex mode in which the CLU's scan configuration is the same as the normal distribution configuration.

The four sense lines are:

a. Normal RJM Scan (RJM being the multiplex circuitry dealing with Register Junctors).

b. Normal RSM Scan (RSM being multiplex circuitry dealing with senders and receivers).

c. Normal RJM Distribution

d. Normal RSM Distribution

All four of these sense line types are assigned to each of groups 25, and 26 as shown in section 8.3 of this document.

4.2.5 RS Interrupt Associated Sense Lines

Three sense lines from the RS cause the DPU to be interrupted. The three are associated with maintenance; the RS Fault Interrupt Sense Line, the RS Error Count Interrupt, and the RS System Trouble Interrupt Sense Line. They are associated with interrupt levels 2 and 8.

These sense lines are assigned to groups 18 and 19 as shown in section 8.3.

The interrupt level assignments are given in section 8.4. 4.3 General RS Core Memory Accessing & Layout

FIG. 37 shows a sketch of the layout of the RCM. It is conceptually divided into five sections: normal call processing Register Junctor Memory slots which are associated with Register Junctor units, maintenance Register Junctor memory slots which are not associated with any physical Register Junctor units, miscellaneous RCM data words, the fault snapshot area, and a section of unassigned words.

4.3.1 Normal & Maintenance RJ Memory Slots

The first two sections of the RCM lie within the 10 millisecond operating scan of the RS. These areas are divided into 202 sixteen-word blocks. The layout of the first 201 blocks are defined in the REGISTER-SENDER patent application to which the reader is referred for full definition of the 16-word call processing blocks. The 202 word block controls the RS Direct Control Pulse and Latch hardware of the RS Maintenance Control Unit (RMU) which is described in section 4.4.5.

The first 192 blocks have a one-for-one fixed assignment to 192 space-divided Register Junctor circuits which may be equipped in a Register-Sender. Even though only part of the 192 Register Junctors may be equipped in a Register-Sender, all 202 RJ memory blocks are always dedicated and are scanned during each 10-millisecond scan cycle. Normally the Register-Sender executes the RJ memory block scan in one of two modes described below, starting with the memory block dedicated to the first Register Junctor circuit.

The RJ time slot is known as a Z time. There are 202 Z times, all of them occurring sequentially during the 10-msec cycle. Each Z time is normally divided into 9 intervals to allow successive appearances of 9 of 11 possible Y times, which are numbered Y1 to Y11. Each Y time represents operation by the Register-Sender on a pair of memory words within an R memory block.

A Y time is divided into five X times numbered X1 to X5. During X1 and X2 the RS successively reads two 26-bit words from the RCM into a 52-bit buffer. The combined contents of this buffer are referred to as a row. During X3 the call processing circuitry of the RS common logic acts on the contents of this buffer and on information from space-divided equipment associated with the call being serviced by the common logic during this Z time.

During X3 the RCM itself can be used for three purposes depending on the Y time. During Y1-X3 the RS always writes the RJ Scan Position Word (see section 4.3.2). During Y2-X3, if the associated RJ requires DPU data, the RS writes the Translation Interrupt Word (see section 4.3.2). If during Y2-X3 the associated RJ does not require DPU data, X3 may be used by the DPU for reading or writing at any location in RCM except at a location in the RJ Memory block (Z slot) which the RS is presently servicing (see writeup on the RJ Scan Position Word in section 4.3.2). During the X3 times of Y3 through Y11 the DPU is allowed access with only one restriction: the DPU may not access any word in the Z slot presently activated by the RS common logic.

The difference between the two normal scans is that: in one rows 5 & 6 are scanned and in the other rows 7 & 8. The selection is made by call processing hardware.

Maintenance hardware overrides the above given conditions at certain times. The maintenance sequences are covered in section 4.4.

4.3.2 Miscellaneous RCM Data Words

In the 203rd memory block, four words have been assigned as miscellaneous RCM data words. The RJ Scan Position Word contains the address of the RJ memory block currently being addressed by the RS. It is changed each time the Z time changes. This data is used by call processing software to prevent interference which would arise by both the RS and call processing software simultaneously altering the data within an RJ slot. If software finds the RS is serving or is about to serve the slot that it wants to access, software will delay its access until the RS is finished with that RRJ slot.

The Translation Word is written at the request of RS call processing circuitry. It contains the identity of an RJ which requires a translation. This data is used by call processing software to determine which RJ slot requests a Translation.

The System Trouble Interrupt Word is written under the control of RS maintenance hardware. It contains the RJI and the identity of the row and RJ memory slot during which a System Trouble Interrupt was set. This data is used by maintenance software to identify the cause of the interrupt. The Error Count Interrupt Word contains the same data and performs the same function as the System Trouble Interrupt Word except it is used when the Error Count Interrupt is set by RS maintenance hardware.

4.3.3 Fault Snapshot Area

Block number 203 is allotted for a Fault Snapshot of 16 words. The layout of the block is given in Section 8.2 of the MSSS. This block is loaded by RS maintenance hardware at the time of the detection of a fault or when requested by the DPU (see section 4.4.3). This data is used by maintenance software to determine the cause of the RS Fault Interrupt which is set by RS maintenance hardware after the fault snapshot is stored.

4.3.4 Unused RCM

The portion of RCM which is not used by the RS may be addressed by the DPU. One instance where this is done is when maintenance software attempts to localize faults associated with the RCM. This software must access certain words of RCM within this area in order to accomplish its tasks. DPU access of words in this area is executed in the same manner as for words in any other area.

4.4 RS Maintenance Functions

From a DPU point of view, there are two important features of RS maintenance. First, RS maintenance hardware can change the status of RS sense lines, RS interrupts, and RCM contents upon the detection of a fault. Second, certain functions of RS maintenance hardware are directly controlled by outputs of the DPU both by the altering of RCM and by the use of CPD's.

RS maintenance hardware is composed of three main elements all under the general heading of the RS Maintenance Circuit (RMN). The first element is the RS Maintenance Control Unit (RMU) which controls overall maintenance functions within a CLU. There are two RMU circuits (A and B) within the RMN, one unit associated with each common logic unit of an RS. The second element, RS Maintenance Data Selector and Parity Generator (RSP), gates data to be compared into comparison gates or maintenance signals to be stored into memory under the control of the RMU. It also generates parity on the data stored into RCM and the address signals sent to RCM. The RSP is duplicated in the same manner as the RMU, one RSP associated with each common logic unit.

The third element is the RS Maintenance Comparitor (RCP) which compares the signals gated to it from each RSP. This element is not duplicated within a Register-Sender.

Within each 16-word memory block associated with Register Junctor circuits there are certain bits dedicated for maintenance.

The FB Bit (Freeze Bit) is located in word 1B position K1. When set, it instructs the RMU to prevent alteration by the CLU of any word of that RJ memory block. The DCY Field (Data Collection Y Time Field) contains four bits and is located in word 4B positions L1 to L4. The contents of DCY are used by the RMU during Data Collection (see section 4.4.3). The DCX Field (Data Collection X Time Field) contains two bits and is located in word 4B positions K2 & K3. The contents of DCX also are used by RMU during data collection. The SB Bit (System Trouble Service Bit) is located in word 4B position K1. When set it indicates to the RMU that the System Trouble Interrupt generated by this RJ Memory block has been serviced by the DPU.

4.4.1 generation of an Error Count Interrupt or Fault Interrupt

The primary hardware fault detection method used by the RS in comparisons between certain signals of the synchronously running CLU's. When a non-comparison occurs or when a secondary detector (parity circuit for example) indicates a failure the RS initiates a recycle of the operations that have just been performed. If the recycle is successful, the Error Count Word (see section 4.3.2) is written and the Error Count Interrupt is set.

If the recycle is unsuccessful the RMU sets the FB bit to 1 in the appropriate memory word of this RJ memory block, a fault snapshot is taken under the control of the RMU (see section 4.3.3), and the Fault Interrupt is set.

The RMU will ignore all further fault detections in this and other RJ slots until the Fault Interrupt is reset by a CPD.

4.4.2 generation of a System Trouble Interrupt

Synchronously-operating RCC (RS Central Control) hardware in the CLU continuously monitors several conditions during the processing of a call. The reader is referred to the REGISTER-SENDER MAINTENANCE patent applications for a discussion of the conditions which result in the setting of the System Trouble Bit (TRB) in RJ-associated memory. The CLU's will detect a system trouble during Y1 to Y4 and will each set an associated common logic flip-flop. During Y5 each RMU senses this flip-flop set and examines the system trouble interrupt status flip-flop and the system trouble Service Bit (SB) flip-flop in the RMU. If neither of these latter flip-flops is set the RMU will store the System Trouble word with the proper information from this RJ memory slot (see section 4.3.2) and set the System Trouble Interrupt. If either the interrupt or SB is set, indicating that this or another system trouble is being serviced or that this system trouble has already been serviced, no action is taken. During Y9, the Freeze Bit (FB) in RJ memory is set as well as the TRB bit whether or not the interrupt was set in Y5. The Freeze Bit prevents alteration of the contents of the Z slot until reset.

If an RJ slot is entered and the FB and TRB memory bits are set but the SB bit is not set, the RMU knows that the System Trouble for that slot has not yet been serviced. An attempt to serve it will be made in Y5 in the same manner as the initial attempt. The RMU will continue to attempt to service the Trouble until successful.

After servicing the System Trouble the processing of the RJ can be allowed to continue in the presence of the trouble by resetting the FB bit and leaving the SB bit set. This capability allows for the clearing down of the call.

4.4.3 Data Collection

The RMU has the capability for the taking of a data collection snapshot under software control. This function is controlled by the DCX and DCY fields (see section 4.4). Two adjacent RRJ slots are required in order to collect data. The first contains the instructions DCX and DCY giving the XY times of the next RRJ slot at which time the data is to be collected, and the second RRJ slot contains the data which is to drive the hardware to be exercised for the diagnosis of faults that might exist in it.

The general sequence is as follows:

a. Freeze the RJ slot from which data is to be collected, the 2nd RJ slot.

b. Load the frozen RJ slot with the data to be acted on by the CLU.

c. The DCX and DCY fields in the first RJ slot must now be loaded. The CDY field indicates the Y time during which the data is to be collected in the following RJ slot, DCY = 0 to 10 for Y slots 1 to 11 and the DCX field determines the X time, DCX = 1 to 3 for X3 to X5.

d. If it is desired that the snapshot be taken with the 2nd RJ slot unfrozen the FB bit in that RJ is reset at this point. If the FB bit is to be reset both c. and this item must be carried out before the normal RS scan begins to service the RJ slot prior to the RJ slot in which the data collection snapshot is to be taken.

The data collection snapshot will be available in RJ memory block number 203 (see section 4.3.3). As is the case with a fault snapshot, the FB bit is automatically written whenever a data collection snapshot is taken. If it is desired to return the RJ to normal call processing after a fault or data collection snapshot has been taken, the FB bit will have to be reset.

4.4.4 Control Pulse Directives

The CPD's defined for the RS are given in section 8.5. The numbers given are the octal numbers associated with the CPD's.

Octal no. directive description

005: rpi-a select CCP-A

Clu-a will take read/write commands from CCP-A and the data to be written into RCM-A will be that data sent by CCP-A

006: rpi-b select CCP-A

The same as 005 except for CLU-B and RCM-B

007: rpi-a&b select CCP-A

The same as 005 exept for both CLU's and RCM's.

011: RPI-A Select CCP-B

Clu-a will take read/write commands from CCP-B and the data to be written into RCM-A will be that data sent by CCP-B

012: rpi-b select CCP-B

The same as 011 except for CLU-B and RCM-B

013: rpi-a&b select CCP-B

The same as 011 except for both CLU's and RCM's

015: RCM Clear -- CLU-A

This initializes hardware in RCM-A.

016: rcm clear -- CLU-B

This initializes hardware in RCM-B.

017: rcm clear -- CLU-A&B

This initializes hardware in both RCM-A&B

021: rpi-a select No CCP

Clu-a will not accept read/write commands from either CCP.

022: rpi-b select No CCP

Clu-b will not accept read/write commands from either CCP.

023: rpi-a&b select No CCP

Both CLU's will not accept read/write commands from either CCP.

025: rtg trouble Reset CLU-A

Resets RTG (RS Timing Generator) trouble and error detecting logic in CLU-A

026: rtg trouble Reset CLU-B

Resets RTG trouble and error detecting logic in CLU-B

027: rtg trouble Reset CLU-A&B

Resets RTG trouble and error detecting logic in both CLU's.

031: RTG Reset CLU-A

Resets all RTG timing functions in CLU-A to an initial state.

032: RTG Reset CLU-B

Same as 031 except for CLU-B

033: rtg reset CLU-A&B

Same as 031 except for both CLU's

101: RMU-A Control Pulse Enable

Enables the generation of pulses in CLU-A (see section 4.4.5)

102: RMU-B Control Pulse Enable

Enables the generation of pulses in CLU-B (see section 4.4.5)

103: Both RMU's Control Pulse Enable

Enables the generation of pulses in both CLU's (see section 4.4.5)

201: RMU-A Control Latch Enable

Enables the setting or resetting of latches in CLU-A (see section 4.4.5)

202: RMU-B Control Latch Enable

Enables the setting of resetting or latches in CLU-B (see section 4.4.5)

203: Both RMU's Control Latch Enable

Enables the setting or resetting of latches in both CLU's (see section 4.4.5)

401: RPI-A SELECT NO CCP

Same as 021 but must be used when CCP-A is off line instead of 021

402: RPI-B SELECT No CCP

Same as 022 but must be used when CCP-B is off line instead of 022

414: Reset Request for Translation Interrupt

Resets the flip-flop associated with the request for translation interrupt sense line in both CLU's

421: RPI-A SELECT NO CCP

Same as 021. May be used instead of 021 whether one or both CCP's are on line.

422: RPI-B SELECT NO CCP

Same as 022. May be used instead of 022 whether one or both CCP's are on line.

423: RPI-A & B SELECT NO CCP

Same as 023. Must be used instead of 023 when one CCP is off-line.

424: Reset RS Fault Interrupt

Resets the flip-flop associated with the RS fault interrupt sense line in both CLU's.

430: Reset System Trouble Interrupt

Resets the flip-flop associated with the RS system trouble interrupt sense line in both CLU's.

454: Run In Sync

Instructs the CLU's to sync commands from both CCP's before ackowledging either.

464: Run Simplex

Instructs the CLU's not to attempt to sync commands from both CCP's before ackowledging each one.

470: Reset Error Count

Resets the flip-flop associated with the RS error count interrupt sense line in both CLU's.

4.4.5 Direct Control Pulses and Latches

Pulses controlling certain RS conditions can be generated and certain latches within the RS set or reset under software control. The following is a list of the direct control pulse assignments by bit:

A1: enable RJM Group O

If this is executed in CLU-A, Group 0 of the RJM is configured to CLU-A, or conversely for CLU-B. The RJM Common Group enable pulse (FI) must also be specified.

A2: enable RJM Group 1

As A1 Except for RJM Group 1

A3: enable RJM Group 2

As A1 except for RJM Group 2

A4: enable RJM Group 3

As A1 except for RJM Group 3

B1: enable RJM Group 4

As A1 except for RJM Group 4

B2: enable RJM Group 5

As A1 except for RJM Group 5

B3: enable RJM Group 6

As A1 except for RJM Group 6

B4: enable RJM Group 7

As A1 except for RJM Group 7

C1: enable RSM File 1

If this is executed in CLU-A, file 1 of the RSM is configured to CLU-A, or conversely for CLU-B. The RSM Common Group Enable pulse (F2) must also be specified

C2: enable RSM File 2

As C1 except for file 2

C3: enable RSM File 3

As C1 except for file 3

C4: enable RSM File 4

As C1 except for file 4

D1: enable RSM File 5

As C1 except for file 5

D2: enable RSM File 6

As C1 except for file 6

D3: enable RSM File 7

As C1 except for file 7

D4: enable RSM File 8

As C1 except for file 8

E1: reset BY Flip-Flop in RCB

Resets the BY (S/R a-signment function BUSY) Flip-Flop which normally is set when the RCC is in process of connecting a sender or receiver to a Register Junctor

E2: unassigned

E3: ccp inhibit retrial

When this latch is set, the RMU initiates a Fault Interrupt on the initial detection of a malfunction rather than initiate a retrial. This latch is automatically reset from the RMU after the next snapshot is taken.

E4: set DMC latch in RMU

This pulse is used to set the Disable Matrix Connection (DMC) latch in the RMU. The DMC latch when set prevents the CLU within which it is set from initiating a S/R matric connection.

F1: rjm common Group Enable

This pulse enables the eight RJM reconfiguration pulses.

F2: rsm common Group Enable

This pulse enables the eight RMS reconfiguration pulses.

F3: cross RTG Reset

This pulse is used to resync the Y, Z, 100 MS, and 1 SEC counters in the RTG. This pulse resets the 100 MS and the 1 SEC counter in the CLU in which it is executed. If the Cross RTG Enable latch is set in the other CLU, all four counters will also be reset in that CLU at time Y1 in RRJ slot O, therefore resyncing the two RTG's.

F4: reset DMC latch in RMU

This pulse is used to reset the Disable Matrix Connection (DMC) latch in the RMU. See E4.

The following is a list of direct control latch assignments by bit:

G 1 to G 4: Unassigned

H1: monitor High State 1

Used for clock routining.

H2: monitor Low State 1

See H1

H3: monitor High State 2

See H1

H4: monitor Low State 2

See H1

I1 to I3 Unassigned

I4 cross RTG RST Enable

This latch enables the cross write reset function from the other CLU to reset the Y, Z, 100 MS, and 1 SEC counters in the RTG in order to sync the TWO CLU's. This enable is required in order to avoid a fault in one CLU affecting the other CLU. This latch must be set prior to executing the Cross RTG RESET DIR. CON. pulse, in the other CLU.

J1: select Even RJM Groups

For the CLU within which this latch is set, scanned signals from the even-numbered RJM Groups (0,2,4,&6) are gated into the RCC logic.

J2: select Odd RJM Groups

As J1 except for Odd-numbered RJM Groups (1, 3, 5 & 7)

J3: select Even RSM Files

For the CLU within which this latch is set, scanned signals from the even numbered RSM files (2,4,6, & 8) are gated into the RCC logic.

J4: select Odd RSM Files

As J3 except for odd-numbered files (1, 3, 5 & 7)

K1: busy Out RRJ Group (0, 4)

Setting this latch in CLU-A forces RRJ Group 0 to appear busy to the Markers; setting it in CLU-B, RRJ Group 4 appears busy.

K2: busy Out RRJ Group (1,5)

As K1 except relates to RRJ Groups 1 and 5.

K3: unassigned

K4: busy out RRJ Group (2, 6)

As K1 except relates to RRJ Groups 2 and 6.

L1: busy Out RRJ Group (3, 7)

As K1 except relates to RRJ Groups 3 and 7.

L2: routine W Generator

This latch is used to routine error and fault detection circuitry of the W generator in the RTG.

L3: routine X Generator.

As L2 except for X generator.

L4: unassigned

The 202nd RRJ slot is treated in a special way by the RMU in order to control these pulse and latch signals. The ninth & tenth words, 5A and 5B, of this slot are directly associated with the pulse and latch assignments given above, the letter number designation for each assignment referring to the bit position in the fifth memory row.

Any combination of pulses can be generated in the following way:

1. The bit positions corresponding to the pulses to be generated are set to 1 and all other pulse associated bits are set to 0.

2. The desired CPD, 101, 102, 103, is generated when the RS is in a slot other than the 202nd.

During the RS's next scan of the fifth row of the 202nd RRJ slot, the RMU will generate pulses corresponding to the 1 found in memory.

Any combination of latches may be set or reset in the following way:

1. All bit positions corresponding to the latches are put into the 1 state if the desired final state of the latch is to be set or into the 0 state if the desired final state is to be reset. All bits must be appropriately set.

2. The desired CPD, 201, 202, or 203, is generated when the RS is in a slot other than the 202nd.

During the RS's next scan of the fifth row of the 202nd RRJ slot, the RMU will set or reset the latches as given by the state of the associated bits.

From an RS hardware point of view, contradictory commands should not be given simultaneously; for example, executing the A1 bit command in both CLU's.

Section 5.0 computer third party

the computer third party will be described in a separate patent application.

Section 6.0 computer programing console

6.1 introduction

The Computer Programing Console (PRC) is a modified version of the PNL (Computer Maintenance Panel) and is designed for use in the field for the initial debug of a Central Processor and for the localization of Faults or errors that cannot be handled through diagnostic routines. Except for the DDT features, the PRC is designed primarily to be used on the OFF LINE CCP. The PRC is cabled to both central processors but being a simplex unit, it monitors only one CCP, hence, the CCP to be monitored and/or controlled is dictated by the settings of the Directional Switches. All signals leaving the PRC are primed when the PRC is enabled and the Directional Switch is pointing to an OFF LINE Central Processor. If the Directional Switch is pointing to an ON LINE CCP, these signals are automatically locked out of, and cannot enter, the ON LINE CCP.

The Data Bus and Address Bus is displayed and the bus source is controlled via panel switches. Internal indicators of the Central Processor being monitored are displayed whenever the Programing Console is powered up. Entry into and display of, the memory can be executed via panel switches. Loading of the Program Counter and Page Register can be executed via panel switches. Instructions may be processed in increments of Levels (500 n.s.) or "Stepped" thru complete instructions.

The Timing Generator may be pulsed in 100 n.s. increments. A match address stop feature can be implemented via the thumb-wheel switches. A LEVEL ONE INTERRUPT on addressmatch can also be generated via the Dynamics Debug Tool (DDT) circuitry and the thumbwheel switches.

6.2 Panel and Operational Description

6.2.1 Panel Display Lamps and Indicators:

All lamps used in the PRC are pre-heated via a resistor to ground to reduce the switched inrush current and prolong the lamp's life. When lit, the lamps indicate the "true" condition.

6.2.1.1 Data Bus Lamps

There are 26 Data Bus Lamps, each one mirroring the 24 bits of the Data Bus, plus the Parity Bit and the Memory Protect Bit associated with the Data Bus. The Lamps are arranged in 8 columns of 3 bits each, weighted 4,2,1 from top to bottom. A ninth column consists of 2 bits representing the Parity Bit and the Memory Protect bit.

6.2.1.2 Address Bus Lamps

There are 18 Address Bus Lamps. Each are mirroring the 17 bits of the Address Bus plus a parity bit associated with the Address Bus. There are 5 columns of 3 bits each, weighted 4,2,1 from top to bottom. A sixth row contains 2 bits weighted 2,1 from top to bottom and a seventh row contains the parity bit.

6.2.1.3 COMPUTER ERROR: Indicates one of the following errors has occurred.

6.2.1.3.1 Instruction Even Parity Error

6.2.1.3.2 Data Even Parity Error

6.2.1.3.3 Division by Zero

6.2.1.3.4 Invalid Operation Code

6.2.1.3.5 Memory Reference Time Out

6.2.1.3.6 Port 7 Error

6.2.1.4 CCPA ON LINE: Indicates on line status of CCPA.

6.2.1.5 ccpa clk: indicates condition of the Interval Timing Generator of Central Processor "A".

6.2.1.6 ccpb on line: indicates on line status of CCPB.

6.2.1.7 ccpb clk: indicates condition of the Internal Timing Generator of Central Processor "B".

6.2.1.8 ctp on line: indicates on line status of the Computer Third Party.

6.2.1.9 HALT: Indicates when true, that a Halt Instruction has just been processed.

6.2.1.10 INT. DISABLE: Indicates that no Interrupts will be recognized during this interval.

6.2.1.11 PULSE 1: This indicator, when lit, defines the progress of the timing generator through PULSE 1.

6.2.1.12 pulse 2: this indicator, when lit, defines the progress of the timing generator through PULSE 2.

6.2.1.13 pulse 3: this indicator, when lit, defines the progress of the timing generator thru PULSE 3.

6.2.1.14 pulse 4: this indicator, when lit, defines the progress of the timing generator thru PULSE 4.

6.2.1.15 pulse 5: this indicator, when lit, defines the progress of the timing generator thru PULSE 5.

6.2.1.16 level 1: this indicator, when lit, defines the progress of the timing generator thru LEVEL 1.

6.2.1.17 level 2: this indicator, when lit, defines the progress of the timing generator thru LEVEL 2.

6.2.1.18 level 3: this indicator, when lit, defines progress of the timing generator thru LEVEL 3.

6.2.1.19 level 4: this indicator, when lit, defines progress of the timing generator thru LEVEL 4.

6.2.1.20 cycle 1: this indicator, when lit, defines the progress of the timing generator thru CYCLE 1.

6.2.1.21 cycle 2: this indicator, when lit, defines progress of the timing generator thru CYCLE 2.

6.2.1.22 cycle 3: this indicator, when lit, defines progress of the timing generators thru CYCLE 3.

6.2.1.23 latch db: this indicator, when lit, indicates that the data bus is primed to latch up. Each bit of the Data Bus that is true will remain true during this interval. Therefore care must be taken during a pulse or increment operation. Should the DATA SOURCE SWITCH be activated while the lamp is lit, an "OR" ing effect will take place and additional bits other than the instruction intended will be set and latched up.

6.2.1.24 LATCH AB: This indicator when lit, indicates that the address Bus is primed to latch up. Each bit of the Address Bus that is true will remain true during this interval. Therefore care must be taken. Should the ADDRESS SOURCE SWITCH be activated while the lamp is lit, an "OR"ing effect will take place and additional bits other than the instruction intended will be set and latched up.

6.2.1.25 WMPB: This indicator when lit indicates that the storage element WMPB is set. (Refer to Section 1.2 MPS)

6.2.1.26 page register lamps: there are 6 Page Register Lamps arranged in a single row. Each lamp represents a bit in the Page Register.

6.2.2 Display Source Swtiches: The following switches are alternate action push buttons. They are backlighted when depressed.

6.2.2.1 BUS: When depressed, these switches will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow whatever has been logically selected by the CCP hardware, on to the Data Bus and/or the Address Bus.

6.2.2.2 DR: When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow the Data Register of the selected memory on to the Data Bus.

6.2.2.3 IR: When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow the Instruction Register of the Central Processor on to the Data Bus.

6.2.2.4 "A": When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow the "A" Register of the Central Processor on to the Data Bus.

6.2.2.5 "Q": When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow the "Q" Register of the the Central Processor on to the Data Bus.

6.2.2.6 "X1": When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow the "XL" (Index Register 1) of the Central Processor on to the Data Bus.

6.2.2.7 "X2": When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow "X2" (Index Register 2) of the Central Processor on to the Data Bus.

6.2.2.8 "X3": When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow the "X3" (Index Register 3) on to the Data Bus.

6.2.2.9 "DS": When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow "DS" (Data Switch Register) of the Computer Programing Console on to the Data Bus.

6.2.2.10 "SG" When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow the "SG" (Sense Group Selected) of the Central Processor on to the Data Bus. The group to be displayed must be entered into the Data Switch Register bits 9 through 14. (Should the IR register's OP Code contain a SSNT instruction (07), the sense lines of the group selected will be inverted).

6.2.2.11 "S": When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow the "S" (Sum Register) of the Central Processor on to the Data Bus.

6.2.2.12 "CCX": When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow the "CCX" Computer Channel Matrix of the Central Processor on to the Data Bus.

6.2.2.13 "DIAG": When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow the "DIAG" (Diagnostic Register) of the Third Party on to the Data Bus.

6.2.2.14 "SC": When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow the "SC" (Shift Counter -- 6 bits) of the Central Processor on to the Data Bus.

6.2.2.15 "PC": When depressed, this switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor to allow the "PC" (Program Counter) and the instruction field of the Page Register, of the Central Processor on to the Address Bus.

6.2.3 Panel Control

6.2.3.1 The following switches are alternate action push buttons and are backlighted when depressed.

6.2.3.1.1 "LAMPTEST": When depressed, this switch will activate all display lamps on the panel.

6.2.3.1.2 "ENABLE" When depressed, this switch will prime all outgoing signals of the Computer Programing Console. When not depressed, all signals leaving the Computer Programing Console are inhibited.

6.2.3.1.3 "MATCH A" When depressed, this switch will enable the address matching circuitry of the PRC. When an address on the Address Bus coincides with the address dialed into Address Switch A during an instruction fetch, a stop clock is effected.

6.2.3.1.4 "MATCH B" Function is identical to item 6.2.3.1.3 but uses Address Switch B.

6.2.3.1.5 "match c" function is identical to item 6.2.3.1.3 but uses Address Switch C.

6.2.3.1.6 "breakpoint a" when depressed this switch will prime the matching circuitry of the PRC. If the DDT circuitry in the PRC is enabled via CPD instructions and a match occurs between the Address Bus and the address dialed into Address Switch A during an instruction fetch, an interrupt Level One is generated.

6.2.3.1.7 "BREAKPOINT B" Function is identical to item 6.2.3.1.6 but uses address switch B.

6.2.3.1.8 "breakpoint c" function is identical to item 6.2.3.1.6 but uses Address Switch C.

6.2.3.1.9 "s-match" when depressed, this switch will prime the matching circuitry of the PRC. If the DDT circuitry of the PRC is enabled via CPD instructions and a match occurs between the "S" Register and the address dialed into "Address Switch C" when the S Register contained the final effective address, an Interrupt Level One is generated.

6.2.4 Instruction and Memory Manipulation Control. The following named switches are momentary action and are not backlighted.

6.2.4.1 PULSE: This switch will guide the timing generator thru its paces one pulse at a time.

6.2.4.2 INCREMENT: This switch will guide an instruction thru its paces one level at a time. 1 level = 5 pulses.

6.2.4.3 STEP: This switch will guide a program thru its paces one instruction at a time. It also acts as a STOP pushbutton when the CCP is in the RUN MODE.

6.2.4.4 run: this switch will allow a normal flow of instructions at the maximum rate.

6.2.4.5 MASTER CLEAR: This switch will prime a signal to the Central Processor that will clear all necessary storage elements and logic.

6.2.4.6 EXECUTE: This switch will execute from the Panel any instruction that has been dialed up on the Data Switch Register Buttons (DSR).

6.2.4.7 display: this switch will display memory locations as selected by the program counter. The program counter will be incremented once for each display so that a consecutive number of locations can be viewed without selecting a new address.

6.2.5.8 ENTER: This switch will enter data dialed up into the DSR into the memory location specified by the program counter and will increment the program counter by one for each entry. Thus, successive locations of memory can be entered without selecting a new address.

6.2.5.9. LOAD PC: This switch will enter the 15 least significant bits of the DSR into the Program Counter, and will load bits 15 thru 18 into the Page Register.

6.2.5.10 DATA CLEAR: This switch resets the DSR to all zeros.

6.2.5.11 DATA SWITCH REGISTER (DSR) SWITCHES: These eight switches will generate a 3 bit BCD code which is fed into the DSR. Depressing any of the eight buttons (0 thru 7) will enter that number into the last significant digit of the DSR after shifting all digits to the next highest significant digit.

6.2.6 "DIRECTIONAL SWITCHES": Two lever key switches are used to dictate the CCP to be monitored and/or controlled. It is possible to output to and receive from either CCP, or output to both and receive from one CCP.

6.2.7 address Switches: The following are thumbwheel switches. Each wheel within a module is registered 0-7 and will generate a BCD code for the digit selected.

6.2.7.1 "ADDRESS SWITCH A" This thumbwheel module contains six wheels and is used for MATCH A and BREAKPOINT A functions.

6.2.7.2 "ADDRESS SWITCH B" Same as item 6.2.7.1 but used for MATCH B and BREAKPOINT B functions.

6.2.7.3 "ADDRESS SWITCH C" Same as item 6.2.7.1 but used for MATCH C and BREAKPOINT C and S-MATCH functions.

7.0 COMPUTER LINE SYNCHRONIZER

7.1 introduction

The transferring of information between the Central Processor and the systems with which it communicates, is done either directly (as with the Register Senders) or via control interfaces (such as the communication register via the channel multiplexor or the drum system via the Computer Memory Control). When these systems require services, such as transferring data, they alert the central processor to their need via the Interrupt and/or Sense Line System. Although the Central Processors are in sync with each other and the other duplicated systems may be in sync with themselves, there is no synchronization between the systems. Because of this, the Computer Line Synchronizer circuit was implemented in order to sync up all request signals that are external to the Central Processor.

7.2 Operational Description

7.2.1 Normal

Each external signal that is to be sensed by the Central Processor is assigned to a sync hold circuit. These signals are considered "hot" and under the direct control of the system which stimulates them. The Central Processor has no direct control over them and they are subject to change at any time. Since they are a single source signal, and the signal, once received by the CLS must be distributed over two separate paths to the duplicated Sense Lines and/or Interrupts, the possibility exists that one Sense line system may "see" a signal at a "point in time," while the other system has not yet received the signal. If during that "Point in time," the Central Processor Monitors the sense line system a mismatch may occur, placing the CCP(s) out of sync. The purpose of the sync hold circuit therefore, is to freeze, or temporarily store the "Hot" signal for a period of time. This period of time allows for propagation to the duplicated Sense Lines, thus a mismatch will not occur due to a changing signal. This storage takes place every 500 nano seconds.

The Sync Hold circuit distributes the stored signals to the duplicated Interrupt and Sense Line system.

7.2.2 Control

As stated previously, the CLS is a simplex unit, but must be controlled, by a duplexed CCP. If both CCP(s) are on line (running in sync) the control signals are "or(ed)" together in both halves of the simplex CLS. If only one CCP is on line, only the signals from that CCP will be used to control both halves of the CLS. If both CCP(s) are off line then the "A" half of the CLS is controlled by CCPA and the "B" half is controlled by CCPB.

7.2.3 error Detection

The signal IS SYNC from each CCP is commoned to both halves of the CLS. Where this signal is faulted true, the hardware of one of the CLS units would recognize the fact, set a storage element SYNC ERR and lockout the faulted signals from both halves of the CLS. The storage element SYNC ERR1 is assigned to sense line 04404 and when true indicates that the IS SYNC or P1 signal from CCPB is faulted true. The storage element SYNC ERR 2 is assigned to sense line 04410 and when true indicates that the IS SYNC or P1 signal from CCPA is faulted true.

The signal Pulse 1 (P1) is used to detect the IS SYNC fault. If it should fault true the same events will occur as in the case of IS SYNC fault. Also, as a side effect, which is not predictable another storage element CLS CONT ERR may be set. The sense lines associated with this condition are 04500 and 04600.

The CPD CPL STROBE to the CLP is checked for a stuck-at-one condition. Should it occur a storage element is set called CPD CLR ERR 1 and/or 2. The sense lines associated with these storage elements are 04420 and 04440 respectively. The offending signal will also be locked out of both halves of the CLS.

The fourth detection occurs where an IS SYNC signal does not function within a unit of the CLS. The signal may be faulted true or false.

In either case the ability to monitor the external systems associated with that unit of the CLS has been lost. Should this case occur the storage elements CLS CONT ERR 1 and 2 will be set. The sense lines associated with these storage elements are 04500 and 04600.

These faults having been processed by the detection hardware are now considered latent and will be recognized by the CCP(s) via Interrupt level 8. They are considered latent because the system is not down without them. 7.2.3 Hardware maintenance is via CPD instructions that are decoded in each half of the CLS simplex circuit. The maintenance possible covers not only the CLS but the Interrupt and Sense Line system as well add is explained in section 1.5.4.

Section 8.6 watchdog timer operation

in every computing system there exists the possibility of the system entering a closed loop and not exiting. This may be due to a hardware or software fault. In the No. 1 EAX system this problem is overcome through the use of a watchdog timer. The watchdog or interval timer employed in the EAX Central Processor contains two separate time intervals.

The two timing intervals have the following relation: Operation

The normal operation of the watchdog timer consists of the following sequence of steps. The timer is running only when its associated CCP is on-line.

1. The watchdog must be enabled, via the MIS instruction, Enable Watchdog (ENWD) 3704000), and then disabled via the MIS INSTRUCTION reset watchdog (RWD) (3710000), after the minimum time of T1 (1.4 seconds). To insure that time T1 has been completed, the sense lines WDT2 from CCPA and CCPB must be tested (07404 and 07410). When both are true, the CCP's watchdog timer are in time interval T2.

When the CCP's are not in sync (one or both off line), the WDT2 sense line from the off-line CCP will appear true.

This was implemented so that the method of checking for a WDT2 signal need not vary because of configuration. The off-line CCP's WDT2 signal will not reflect the actual condition that exists in the watchdog.

Errors

If the above sequence is violated, a watchdog time out is initiated. The conditions which cause a violation are:

1. Interval T2 times out.

2. An attempt to enable or reset during T1.

3. resetting the timer before it has been enabled.

4. Enabling the timer after it has been previously enabled and before it has been reset.

Resynchronizing Duplex Watch Dog Timers

When the CCP's are to be returned to duplex operation the following procedure must be followed.

The on-line CCP must either clear the off-line computer (accomplished via the Diagnostic access, (see section 5.0), or it must initiate the off-line machine to execute the Resync Watch Dog instruction (SYNC) (3740000). After this has been accomplished, the on-line CCP must execute the same (SYNC) instruction immediately prior to resynchronizing both CCP's with the Resync CPD instruction (SYNC CPD) (01732122).

______________________________________ SECTION 8.3 Sense Line Assignments An asterisk(*) indicates undefined sense lines Computer Internal Indicators (Group 1) 81001 BTR SHC Branch Trace Indication (a branch has occurred) 01002 BKP SHC Break Point Indication (an address, as dialed up on the break point switch, has been referenced during an instruction access) 01004 S MATCH SHC Register S Match Indication (An address as dialed up on the S break print switch has been referenced during a data access) 01010 PEP 7 Port 7 Error or CP, CMC port error 01020 IEPE Instruction Parity Error 01040 DEPE Data Parity Error 01100 RS25 Register-Sender Bit 25 01200 WMPB Write Memory Protect Bit Computer Internal Indicators (Group 2) 02001 T1 Storage Element for 2MS Timer T1 in 3rd. Party 02002 DDT ON LINE MODE DDT Panel Sw. Mode 02004 INVOP Invalid Operation Code 02010 DIVZ Division by Zero 02020 MRTO Main Memory Request Time Out 02040 RSTO Register-sender Request Time Out 02100 WDTO Watch Dog Timer Out 02200 CAR Carry Out of Adder Bit 23 Stored Maintenance Control Console (Group 3) 03001 SRECON Configuration Panel Interrupt 03002 SMAJ PALM Major Power Alarm 03004 SMIN PALM Minor Power Alarm 03010 STTY1 Maintenance Teletypewriter Input Request Interrupt 03020 STTY2 Office Administration Teletypewriter Input Request Interrupt 03040 WK AREA INT Request for a Programed Work Area Audit 03100 MDB CONF Maintenance Device Buffer Configuration 03200 MDCF CONF Maintenance Display and Control Frame Power Failure Terminating Markers 1 and 2 (Group 4) 04001 SSTTMON On Line 04002 SSTTMOL1 Off Line 04004 SSTTMSLI1 Initiate Send or MR LATCH 04010 SSTTMCA1 Clock Alarm 04020 SSTTMON2 On Line 04040 SSTTMOL2 Off Line 04100 SSTTMSLI2 INITIATE SEND or MR LATCH 04200 SSTTMCA2 Clock Alarm Terminating Marker 3 and 4 (Group 5) 05001 SSTTMON3 On Line 05002 SSTTMOL3 Off Line 05004 SSTTMSLI3 INITIATE SEND or MR LATCH 05010 SSTTMCA3 Clock Alarm 05020 SSTTMON4 On line 05040 SSTTMOL4 Off Line 05100 SSTTMSLI4 INITIATE SEND or MR LATCH 05200 SSTTMCA4 Clock Alarm Terminating Marker 5 and 6 (Group 6) 06001 SSTTMON5 On Line 06002 SSTTMOL5 Off Line 06004 SSTTMSLI5 INITIATE SEND or MR LATCH 06010 SSTTMCA5 Clock Alarm 06020 SSTTMON6 On Line 06040 SSTTMOL6 Off Line 06100 SSTTMSLI6 INITIATE SEND or MR LATCH 06200 SSTTMCA6 Clock Alarm Terminating Marker Malfunction Alarms and CCX ERROR Group 7 07001 SSTTMAL1 07002 SSTTMAL2 07004 SSTTMAL3 07010 SSTTMAL4 07020 SSTTMAL5 07040 SSTTMAL6 07100 CCX ERR1 07200 CCX ERR2 Originating Marker 1 and 2 (Group 9) 11001 SSTOMON1 On Line 11002 SSTOMOL1 Off Line 11004 SSTOMSLI1 INITIATE SEND or MR LATCH 11010 SSTOMCA1 Clock Alarm 11020 SSTOMON2 On Line 11040 SSTOMOL2 Off Line 11100 SSTOMSLI2 INITIATE SEND or MR LATCH 11200 SSTOMCA2 Clock Alarm Originating Marker 3 and 4 (Group 10) 12001 SSTOMON3 On Line 12002 SSTOMOL3 Off Line 12010 SSTOMSLI3 INITIATE SEND or MR LATCH 12004 SSTOMCA3 Clock Alarm 12020 SSTOMON4 On Line 12040 SSTOMOL4 Off Line 12100 SSTOMSLI4 INITIATE SEND or MR LATCH 12200 SSTOMCA4 Clock Alarm Originating Marker 5 and 6 (Group 11) 13001 SSTOMON5 On Line 13002 SSTOMOL5 Off Line 13004 SSTOMSLI5 INITIATE SEND or LATCH 13010 SSTOMCA5 Clock Alarm 13020 SSTOMON6 On Line 13040 SSTOMOL6 Off Line 13100 SSTOMSLI6 INITIATE SEND or MR LATCH 13200 SSTOMCA6 Clock Alarm Originating Marker 7 and 8 (Group 12) 14001 SSTOMON7 On Line 14002 SSTOMOL7 Off Line 14004 SSTOMSLI7 INITIATE SEND or MR LATCH 14010 SSTOMCA7 Clock Alarm 14020 SSTOMON8 On Line 14040 SSTOMOL8 Off Line 14100 SSTOMSLI8 INITIATE SEND or MR LATCH 14200 SSTOMCA8 Clock Alarm Originating Marker Malfunction Alarms (Group 13) 15001 SSTOMAL1 15002 SSTOMAL2 15004 SSTOMAL3 15010 SSTOMAL4 15020 SSTOMAL5 15040 SSTOMAL6 15100 SSTOMAL7 15200 SSTOMAL8 Originating Marker Stand By (Group 14) 16001 SSTOMSB1 16002 SSTOMSB2 16004 SSTOMSB3 16010 SSTOMSB4 16020 SSTOMSB5 16040 SSTOMSB6 16100 SSTOMSB7 16200 SSTOMSB8 Originating Marker Idle/Busy (Group 15) 17001 SSTOMIB1 17002 SSTOMIB2 17004 SSTOMIB3 17010 SSTOMIB4 17020 SSTOMIB5 17040 SSTOMIB6 17100 SSTOMIB7 17200 SSTOMIB8 Terminating Marker Idle/Busy (Group 17) 21001 SSTTMIB1 21002 SSTTMIB2 21004 SSTTMIB3 21010 SSTTMIB4 21020 SSTTMIB5 21040 SSTTMIB6 21100 * 21200 * Register Sender: Fault and RFT (Group 18) 22001 SRS FAULT Register-Sender Fault 1A 22002 STS FAULT 2 Register-Sender Fault 1B 22004 SRS FAULT 3 Register-Sender Fault 2A 22010 SRS FAULT 4 Register-Sender Fault 2B 22020 SRS RFT 1 Register-Sender RFT 1A Request for Translation 22040 SRS FRT 2 Register-Sender RFT 1B 22100 SRS FRT 3 Register-Sender RFT 2A 22200 SRS RFT 4 Register-Sender RFT 2B Register Sender System Trouble and Error Count (Group 19) 23001 SRS SYTTRB1 Register-Sender 1A System Trouble 23002 SRS SYTTRB2 Register-Sender 1B System Trouble 23004 SRS SYTTRB3 Register-Sender 2A System Trouble 23010 SRS SYTTRB4 Register-Sender 2B System Trouble 23020 SRS ERRCNT1 Register-Sender 1A Error Count 23040 SRS ERRCNT2 Register-Sender 1B Error Count 23100 SRS ERRCNT3 Register-Sender 2A Error Count 23200 SRS ERRCNT4 Register-Sender 2B Error Count Register Sender 1A (Group 20) 24001 SCCPA SELECTED1 CONFIGURED TO CCP-A 24002 SCCPB SELECTED1 CONFIGURED TO CCP-B 24004 RUN SIMPLEX SELECTED1 NOT SYNCING CLP SIGNALS WITH RS 1B 24020 SRS SL41 * 24010 SRS SL31* * 24040 SRS SL51 24100 SRS SL61 * 24200 SRS SL71 Register Sender 1B (Group 21) 25001 SCCPA SELECTED2 25002 SCCPB SELECTED2 SIMILAR TO GROUP 20 25004 RUN SIMPLEX SELECTED 2 25010 SRS SL32 * 25020 SRS SL42 * 25040 SRS SL52 * 25100 SRS SL62 * 25200 SRS SL72 * Register Sender 2A (Group 22) 26001 SCCPA SELECTED 3 26002 SCCBP SELECTED 3 SIMILAR TO GROUP 20 26004 SRUN SIMPLEX SELECTED3 26010 SRS SL33 * 26020 SRS SL43 * 26040 SRS SL53 * 26100 SRS SL63 * 26200 SRS SL73 * Register Sender 2B (Group 23) 27001 SCCPA SELECTED 4 27002 SCCPB SELECTED 4 SIMILAR TO GROUP 20 27004 SRUN SIMPLEX SELECTED4 27010 SRS SL34 * 27020 SRS SL44 * 27040 SRS SL54 * 27100 SRS SL64 * 27200 SRS SL74 * Register-Sender 1A & 2A (Group 25) 31001 RJM NORM SCAN CONFIG 1 31002 RSM NORM SCAN CONFIG 1 31004 RJM NORM DIST CONFIG 1 REFER TO SECTION 4.0 FOR EXPLANATION 31010 RSM NORM DIST CONFIG 1 31020 RJM NORM SCAN CONFIG 3 31040 RSM NORM SCAN CONFIG 3 31100 RJM NORM DIST CONFIG 3 31200 RSM NORM DIST CONFIG 3 Register-Sender 1B & 2B (Group 26) 32001 RJM NORM SCAN CONFIG 2 32002 RSM NORM SCAN CONFIG 2 32004 RJM NORM DIST CONFIG 2 32010 RSM NORM DIST CONFIG 2 REFER TO SECTION 4.0 FOR EXPLANATION 32020 RJM NORM SCAN CONFIG 4 32040 RSM NORM SCAN CONFIG 4 32100 RJM NORM DIST CONFIG 4 32200 RSM NORM DIST CONFIG 4 Register-Sender 1B & 2B (Group 27) 33001 * 33002 * 33004 * 33010 * 33020 * 33040 * 33100 * 33200 * Register-Sender 1B & 2B (Group 28) 34001 BAD PARITY SET 34002 CLP POWER DOWN 34004 * 34010 * 34020 * 34040 * 34100 * 34200 *

CCR & DCU ERR INT. (Group 29) 35001 SCR ERR1 COMMUNICATION REGISTER A ERROR INTERRUPT 35002 SCRA ERR2 COMMUNICATION REGISTER B ERROR INTERRUPT 35004 SDCUERROR1 DCU ERROR INT 1 35010 SDCUERROR2 DCU ERROR INT 2 35020 SDCUERROR3 DCU ERROR INT 3 35040 SDCUERROR4 DCU ERROR INT 4 35100 SDCUERROR5 DCU ERROR INT 5 35200 SDCUERROR6 DCU ERROR INT 6 DCU 1 Sense Lines (Group 30) 36001 SDCU IDLE1 All DCU and DMS registers are reset and both the DCU and DMS are otherwise ready to accept an initialize command from the CCP. 36002 SDCU ON LINE1 The DCU is on-line. Set and reset by CPD. 36004 SDCU CORE ACC1 The DCU had trouble accessing the CMC. 36010 SDMS RDY1 The Drum power sequencing is complete and Drum speed is within operating range. 36020 SDMS CLK TRACK ERROR 1 The Drum clock track circuits have detected an error. This is one of the error conditions that causes ERROR to become true. 36040 SDCU INIT1 DCU is using the Initialization Table in Core. 36100 SDCU TIME OUT1 Begins on Spill or Initialize CPD. Time out in 23 drum revolutions if no READY or ERROR interrupt occurs and if no MALFUNCTION is received from the CMC. 36200 SCDU ERR-STATUS Error termination sequence WAS IN CORE1 completed. DCU 2 Sense Lines (Group 31) 37001 SDCU IDLE2 37002 SDCU ON LINE2 37004 SDCU CORE ACC2 Similar to Group 30 37010 SDMS RDY2 37020 SDMS CLK TRACK ERROR 2 37040 SDCU INIT2 37100 SDCU TIME OUT 2 37200 SDCU SL72 DCU 3 Sense Lines (Group 33) 41001 SDCU IDLE3 41002 SDCU ON LINE3 41004 SDCU CORE ACC3 41010 SDMS RDY3 Similar to Group 30 41020 SDMS CLK TRACK ERROR 3 41040 SDCU INIT3 41100 SDCU TIME OUT3 41200 SDCU ERR-STATUS IN CORE3 DCU 4 Sense Lines (Group 34) 42001 SDCU IDLE4 42002 SDCU ON LINE4 42004 SDCU CORE ACC4 42010 SDMS RDY4 Similar to Group 30 42020 SDMS CLK TRACK ERROR 4 42040 SDCU INIT4 42100 SDCU TIME OUT4 42200 SDCU ERR STATUS IN CORE 4 DCU 5 Sense Lines (Group 35) 43001 SDCU IDLES 43002 SDCU ON LINE 5 43004 SDCU CORE ACC5 43010 SDMS RDY5 Similar to Group 30 43020 SDMS CLK TRACK ERROR 5 43040 SDCU INIT5 43100 SDCU TIME OUT5 43200 SDCU ERR STATUS IN CORE 5 DCU 6 Lines (Group 36) 44001 SDCU IDLE6 44002 SDCU ON LINE6 44004 SDCU CORE ACC6 44010 SDMS RDY6 Similar to Group 30 44020 SDMS CLK TRACK ERROR 6 44040 SDCU INIT6 44100 SDCU TIME OUT 6 44200 SDCU ERR STATUS IN CORE 6 CCR and DCU RDY (Group 37) 45001 SCR RDY SL 1 CCRA RDY 45002 SCR RDY SL 2 CCRB RDY 45004 SDCU RDY 1 DCU1 RDY 45010 SDCU RDY 2 DCU 2 RDY 45020 SDCU RDY 3 DCU 3 RDY 45040 SDCU RDY 4 DCU 4 RDY 45100 SDCU RDY 5 DCU 5 RDY 45200 SDCU RDY 6 DCU 6 RDY CCR 1 Sense Lines (Group 38) 46001 SCCR SL01 CCR Initialized 46002 SCCR SL11 SEL STRB 2 LATCH 46004 SCCR SL Parity OK LATCH 46010 SCCR SL31 Error Sense 46020 SCCR SL41 CCR Connected 46040 SCCR SL51 On Line Active 46100 SCCR SL61 On Line Standby 46200 SCCR SL71 * CCR 2 Sense Lines (Group 39) 47001 SCCR SL02 47002 SCCR SL12 47004 SCCR SL22 47010 SCCR SL32 Similar to Group 38 47020 SCCR SL42 47040 SCCR SL52 47100 SCCR SL62 47200 SCCR SL72 Channel Ready (Group 41) 51001 SC RDY SL01 Channel 1 Ready 51002 SC RDY SL13 Channel 3 Ready 51004 SC RDY SL25 Channel 5 Ready 51010 * 51020 SC RDY SL49 Channel 9 Ready 51040 SC RDY SL511 Channel 11 Ready 51100 SC RDY SL613 Channel 13 Ready 51200 SC RDY SL715 Channel 15 Ready Channel Ready (Group 42) 52001 SC RDY SL02 Channel 2 Ready 52002 SC RDY SL14 Channel 4 Ready 52004 SC RDY SL26 Channel 6 Ready 52010 * 52020 SC RDY SL410 Channel 10 Ready 52040 SC RDY SL512 Channel 12 Ready 52100 SC RDY SL614 Channel 14 Ready 52200 SC RDY SL716 Channel 16 Ready Channel Error (Group 43) 53001 SC ERR1 Channel 1 Error 53002 SC ERR3 Channel 3 Error 53004 SC ERR5 Channel 5 Error 53010 * 53020 SC ERR9 Channel 9 Error 53040 SC ERR11 Channel 11 Error 53100 SC ERR13 Channel 13 Error 53200 SC ERR15 Channel 15 Error Channel Error (Group 44) 54001 SC ERR2 Channel 2 Error 54002 SC ERR4 Channel 4 Error 54004 SC ERR6 Channel 6 Error 54010 * 54020 SC ERR10 Channel 10 Error 54040 SC ERR12 Channel 12 Error 54100 SC ERR14 Channel 14 Error 54200 SC ERR16 Channel 16 Error Channel ON/OFF LINE (Group 45) 5501 SC ON LINE1 Channel 1 ON LINE 55002 SC ON LINE3 Channel 3 ON LINE 55004 SC ON LINE5 Channel 5 ON LINE 55010 SC ON LINE7 Channel 7 ON LINE 55020 SC ON LINE9 Channel 9 ON LINE 55040 SC ON LINE11 Channel 11 ON LINE 55100 SC ON LINE13 Channel 13 ON LINE 55200 SC ON LINE15 Channel 15 ON LINE Channel ON/OFF LINE (Group 46) 56001 SC ON LINE2 Channel 2 ON LINE 56002 SC ON LINE4 Channel 4 ON LINE 56004 SC ON LINE6 Channel 6 ON LINE 56010 SC ON LINE8 Channel 8 ON LINE 56020 SC ON LINE10 Channel 10 ON LINE 56040 SC ON LINE12 Channel 12 ON LINE 56100 SC ON LINE14 Channel 14 ON LINE 56200 SC ON LINE16 Channel 16 ON LINE Channel Time Out (Group 47) 57001 STOERR 1 Channel 1 Time Out Error 57002 SCTOERR 3 Channel 3 Time Out Error 57004 SCTOERR 5 Channel 5 Time Out Error 57010 SCTOERR 7 Channel 7 Time Out Error 57020 SCTOERR 9 Channel 9 Time Out Error 57040 SCTOERR 11 Channel 11 Time Out Error 57100 SCTOERR 13 Channel 13 Time Out Error 57200 SCTOERR 15 Channel 15 Time Out Error Channel Time Out (Group 49) 61001 SCTOERR 2 Channel 2 Time Out Error 61002 SCTOERR 4 Channel 4 Time Out Error 61004 SCTOERR 6 Channel 6 Time Out Error 61010 SCTOERR 8 Channel 8 Time Out Error 61020 SCTOERR 10 Channel 10 Time Out Error 61040 SCTOERR 12 Channel 12 Time Out Error 61100 SCTOERR 14 Channel 14 Time Out Error 61200 SCTOERR 16 Channel 16 Time Out Error Channel Selected (Group 50) 62001 SCSELCT 1 1 Selected 62002 SCSELCT 3 3 Selected 62004 SCSELCT 5 5 Selected 62010 SCSELCT 7 7 Selected 62020 SCSELCT 9 9 Selected 62040 SCSELCT 11 11 Selected 62100 SCSELCT 13 13 Selected 62200 SCSELCT 15 15 Selected Channel Selected (Group 51) 63001 SCSELCT 2 2 Selected 63002 SCSELCT 4 4 Selected 63004 SCSELCT 6 6 Selected 63010 SCSELCT 8 8 Selected 63020 SCSELCT 10 10 Selected 63040 SCSELCT 12 12 Selected 63100 SCSELCT 14 14 Selected 63200 SCSELCT 16 16 Selected Interrupt 1 Thru 8 (Group 52) 64001 ACTIVE 1 Interrupt 1 Active 64002 ACTIVE 2 Interrupt 2 Active 64004 ACTIVE 3 Interrupt 3 Active 64010 ACTIVE 4 Interrupt 4 Active 64020 ACTIVE 5 Interrupt 5 Active 64040 ACTIVE 6 Interrupt 6 Active 64100 ACTIVE 7 Interrupt 7 Active 64200 ACTIVE 8 Interrupt 8 Active Computer Memory Control (Group 53) 65001 PAICEST 1 Port Address In Compare Error Stored. The addresses supplied to the memories are different in the two CMC's 65002 PDICEST 1 Port Data In Compare Error Stored The data words supplied to the memories are different in the two CMC's. -65004 PAIPEST 1 Port Address In Parity Error Stored The address supplied by the Port has even parity. 65010 PDIPEST 1 Port Data In Parity Error Stored The data word supplied by the port has even parity. 65020 PINVCIEST 1 Port Invalid Control In Error Stored The port has made an invalid requst for service. 65040 RTRYEST 1 Retry Error ST The CMC's have made 3 port select retries and the port selections still do not match. 65100 PTOEST 1 Port Time Out Error Stored The port has not removed its read or write request after it was answered 65200 CMS PROT SYSTEM ACT 1 The memory protection system has not been disabled by the switch on the control panel. Computer Memory Control (Group 54) 66001 SYNCTOST 1 Sync Time Out Stored The two CMC's have fallen more than 800 nanoseconds out of synchronization. 66002 MARCEST 1 Memory Address Return Compare Error Stored The addresses returned from the memories associated with the two CMC's do not compare 66004 MDRRCEST 1 Memory Data Return Read Compare Error Stored The words read from the two memories do not compare. 66010 MDRWCEST 1 Memory Data Return Write Compare Error Stored The data words returned from the memories on the write portion of the cycle do not compare. 66020 MARPEST 1 Memory Address Return Parity Error Stored The address returned by the memory has even parity. 66040 MDRWPEST 1 Memory Data Return Write Parity Error Stored The data returned from memory on the write portion

of the cycle has even parity. 66100 MINVCREST L Memory Invalid Control Return Error Stored The control signals returned from memory are invalid. 66200 BSRCEST 1 Bank Select Register Compare Error Stored The bank selections of the two CMC's do not agree. Computer Memory Control (Group 55) 67001 BSMR[1] 1 Bank Select Malf Reg. These leads indicate the bank which was selected when the first error occurred. 67002 BSMR[2] 1 67004 ABORT WRITE 1 67010 PCIMR[RR] 1 Port Control in Malf Reg These leads contain the state of the Port Control In leads when the first error occurred. 67020 PCIMR[RW] 1 67040 PCIMR[RMPB] 1 67100 PCIMR[PT] 1 67200 PCIMR[INIT] 1 Computer Memory Control (Group 57) 71001 AOREST 1 Address Out of Range Error Stored The address exceeds the range of memory used. 71002 ROMEST 1 Read Only Memory Error Stored The port has tried to write into read only memory. 71004 CROSS WRITE ACTIVE 1 71010 DTEST 1 Drum Table Error Stored A DCU has tried to read or write outside of its initialization table while in the initialization sequence or write outside of its initialization table and outside of the block transfer area while it was not privileged. 71020 PSMR[0] 1 Port Select Malf Reg These leads carry the binary -- encoded number of the port selected when the first error occurred. 71040 PSMR[1] 1 71100 PSMR[2] 1 71200 PSMR[3] 1 Computer Memory Control (Group 58) 72001 PMALFR[1] 1 72002 PMALFR[2] 1 Port Malfunction Register 72004 PMALFR[3] 1 An error has occurred while this port was selected. 72010 PMALFR[4] 1 72020 PMALFR[5] 1 72040 PMALFR[6] 1 72100 PMALFR[7] 1 72200 PMALFR[8] 1 Computer Memory Control (Group 59) 73001 PC ROMEST 1 Program Controlled Read Only Memory Error Stored. 73002 CMC ERR ST1 The CMC has detected one of the errors listed here. 73004 MDRRPEST 1 Memory Data Return Read Parity Error Stored The data word read from memory has even parity. 73010 PC ROM ACT 1 Program Controlled Read Only Memory Active. 73020 PC ROMEST 2 Same as 73001 73040 CMC ERR ST 2 Same as 73002 73100 MDRRPEST 2 Same as 73004 73200 PC ROM ACT 2 Same as 73010 CCX, MCC & CCP MISC. (Group 60) 74001 CCX A P FAIL CCX "A" Power Failure 74002 MCC P A FAIL MRLF "A" Power Failure 74004 CCX ACTIVE 1 74010 CCX ACTIVE 2 74020 CCX ON LINE 1 74040 CCX ON LINE 2 74100 CCX SEL ERR 1 74200 CCX SEL ERR 2 Computer Memory Control (Group 61) 75001 PAICEST 2 75002 PDICEST 2 Similar to Group 53 75004 PAIPEST 2 75010 PDIPEST 2 75020 PINVCIEST 2 75040 RTRYEST 2 75100 PTOEST 2 75200 CMC PROT SYST ACT 2 Computer Memory Control (Group 62) 76001 SYNCTOST 76002 MARCEST 2 Similar to Group 54 76004 MDRRCEST 2 76010 MDRCEST 2 76020 MARPEST 2 76040 MDRWPEST 2 76100 MINVCREST 2 76200 BSRCEST 2 Computer Memory Control (Group 63) 77001 BSMR[0] 2 77002 BSMR[1] 2 Similar to Group 55 77004 ABORT WRITE 2 77010 PCIMR[RR] 77020 PCIMR[WR] 2 77040 PCIMR[RMPB] 2 77100 PCIMR[PT] 2 77200 PCIMR[INIT] 2 Computer Memory Control (Group 65) 01401 AOREST 2 01402 ROMEST 2 Similar to Group 57 01404 CROSS WRITE ACTIVE 2 01410 DTEST 2 01420 PSMR[1] 2 01440 PSMR[2] 2 01500 PSMR[3] 2 01600 PSMR[4] 2 Computer Memory Control (Group 66) 02401 PMALFR [1] 2 02402 PMALFR [2] 2 02404 PMALFR [3] 2 Similar to Group 58 02410 PMALFR [4] 2 02420 PMALFR [5] 2 02440 PMALFR [6] 2 02500 PMALFR [7] 2 02600 PMALFR [8] 2 Int. Level 8 Misc. (Group 67) 03401 SMAIN CLK ALARM MAIN CLOCK ALARM 03402 SSTDBY CLK ALARM STANDBY CLOCK ALARM 03404 SMAIN RT CLK ALARM MAIN REAL TIME CLOCK ALARM 03410 SSTDBY RT CLK ALARM STANDBY REAL TIME CLOCK ALARM 03420 STEST TRUNK TEST TRUNK 03440 SMRS INT AUTOMATIC ROUTINER INT 03500 SCLP TRBL 1 AN ERROR HAS OCCURRED IN 03600 SCLP TRBL 2 THE CONTROL OF THE CLP CLP Status Group (Group 68) 04401 RT CLK 1 (MAIN) REAL TIME CLOCK THIS SIGNAL WILL 04402 RT CLK 2 (STANDBY) OCCUR EVERY 16.6 MIL SEC 04404 SYNC ERR 1 common sync control 04410 SYNC ERR 2 SIGNAL FAULTED 04420 CPD CLP ERR 1 COMMON CPD CONTROL 04440 CPD CLP ERR 2 SIGNAL FAULTED 04500 CLS CONT ERR 1 CONTROL SIGNAL UNIQUE TO UNIT 1 OR 2 FAULTED 04600 CLS CONT ERR 2 Third Party Status (Group 69) 05401 TRAP SENSE A TRAP SIGNAL TO CCPA 05402 CCPA ON LINE CONFIGURATION STATUS 05404 CPGA GOOD FLOP ISOLATION CKT RESULT 05410 CPT ON LINE CONFIGURATION STATUS 05420 TRAP SENSE B TRAP SIGNAL TO CCPB 05440 CCPB ON LINE CONFIGURATION STATUS 05500 CPGB GOOD FLOP ISOLATION CKT RESULT 05600 DCU/DMS 1A DRUM CONFIGURATION Miscellaneous (Group 70) -- (CAUTION: If this group is selected while system is in sync, a TP TRAP will occur) 06401 TP OFFTOF BOTH CCP(S) OFF LINE AN EXCESSIVE TIME 06402 DIAG ACCESS READY D ALERT, THAT DIAGNOSTIC ACCESS CIRCUIT HAS COMPLETED ITS CHORES (THE CLOCK IN A CCP HAS STOPPED) 06404 THIS IS CCPA 06410 THIS IS CCPB 06420 *CPD DECODE ENG (1,1) 06440 *CPD DECODE ENG (2,2) 06500 * 06600 * Miscellaneous (Group 71) 07401 PROT BIT OF Bit 25 of the Location of REF MEM the Address Referenced. 07402 INT IN Interrupt of Associated CCP in Inhibited 07404 WDT 2-A WATCH DOG TIMER: TIME T2 FROM CCPA 07410 WDT 2-B WATCH DOG TIMER: TIME T2 FROM CCPA 07420 SCRS1-1 RSIA IS DATA SOURCE FOR CCPA 07440 SCRS1-2 RSIA IS DATA SOURCE FOR CCPB 07500 SCRS2-1 RS2A IS DATA SOURCE FOR CCPA 07600 SCRS2-2 RS2A IS DATA SOURCE FOR CCPB SECTION 8.4 Interrupt Level 1 (Sense Group 3 and 69) Sense Line Octal Description 03001 Configuration Panel Interrupt 03002 Major Power Alarm 03004 Minor Power Alarm 03010 Teletypewriter 1 Input Request Interrupt 03020 Teletypewriter 2 Input Request Interrupt 03040 Repair Verify Request Int. -05402 CCPA ON LINE 05440 CCPB ON LINE 05410 CTP ON LINE The condition of 05402, 05440 and 05410 have to be compared to stored conditions to determine if a change occurred. A change of configuration stimulates Interrupt level 1. Interrupt Level 2 (Sense Groups 7; 13; 18; 29; 59) Sense Line Octal Description 15001 15002 15004 15010 Originating Markers 15020 1 thru 8 15040 Malfunction Alarm 15100 15200 73002 CMC 1 Error 73020 CMC 2 Error 07001 07002 07004 Terminating Marker 07010 1 thru 6 07020 Malfunction Alarm 07040 22001 Register-Sender 1A Fault 22002 Register-Sender 1B Fault 22004 Register-Sender 2A Fault 22010 Register-Sender 2B Fault 53002 Ticketing Device Buffers 54002 Channels 3 and 4 reset. 35004 35010 35020 Drum Control Units 35040 1 thru 6 35100 error 35200 35001 Communication Register 35002 1 and 2 Error Interrupt Level 3 (Group 68) 04401 (main) Real Time Clock 04402 (standby) This signal will occur every 16.6 mil. sec. 51002 Ticketing Device Buffer RDY Int. 52002 channels 3 and 4 Interrupt Level 4 (Sense Group 37) Mnemonic Description 45001 Communication Registers 1 & 2 45002 Ready Interrupt Interrupt Level 5 (Sense Group 18) 45004 45010 Drum Control Units 45020 1 thru 6 45040 Ready Interrupts 45100 45200 Interrupt Level 6 (Sense Groups 43; 44) 53001 54001 Channel Device 54004 Buffers 1, 2 and 6 53020 and 9 thru 16 54020 error 53040 54040 53100 54100 53200 54200 Interrupt Level 7 (Sense Group 14; 41; 42) 16001 Originating Markers 16002 1 thru 8 16004 standby Interrupt 16010 16020 16040 16100 16200

51001 Channel Device Buffers 52001 1, 2, 5, 6, and 9 thru 16 51004 Ready Interrupt 52004 51020 52020 51040 52040 51100 52100 51200 52200 03440 Automatic Routiner Int. Interrupt Level 8 (Sense Group 19; 67) 23001 Register-Senders 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B 23002 respectively 23004 System Trouble 23010 23020 Register-Senders 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B 23040 respectively 23100 Error Count 23200 03401 MAIN CLOCK ALARM 03402 STANDBY CLOCK ALARM 03404 MAIN REAL TIME CLOCK ALARM 13410 STANDBY REAL TIME CLOCK ALARM 03420 TEST TRUNK 03500 CLP ERR INT 1 03600 CLP ERR INT 2 ______________________________________

Section 8.5

control pulse directive, assignments and functions

assignments have been made to 38 Control Pulse Directive requests. Functions have been defined on all CPD assignments.

______________________________________ CPD Instruction Code Format ______________________________________ 23 21 20 15 14 9 8 0 TAG INSTRUCTION SUBSYSTEM DIRECTIVE FIELD CODE CODE ______________________________________ The TAG FIELD defines address modification (Indexing and indirect INSTRUCTION CODE defines CPD (17)

Subsystem code defines 1 of 64 possible subsystems. DIRECTIVE is used to define the function to be performed.

The 38 CPD, their octal representation in the SUBSYSTEM CODE portion of the format, and the functions of their directives are as follows.

______________________________________ DIRECTIVES SUBSYSTEM CODE OCTAL DESCRIPTION ______________________________________ 000 CPD CX (Channel Multiplex) 001 Put CCXA On-Line 002 Put CCXB ON-line 004 Put CCXA Off-line 010 Put CCXB Off-line 020 Make CCXA Active and CCXB Standby 040 Make CCXB Active and CCXA Standby 100 Reset CCX Error 200 Initiate Select Storage Check Routine 400 End Select Storage Check Routine 001 CPD CLP 000 Lockout All External (Computer Line Signals Processor) 001 Reset Lockout 002 Set Test Signals True 003 Set Test Signals False 004 Reset: CPD CLP ERR1; CPD CLP ERR 2; SYNC ERR1; SYNC ERR 2; CLS CONT ERR 1; CLS CONT ERR 2; PSEUDO CLP CPD 1; PSEUDO CCP CPD 2; GATE Groups and Gate Cards. 005 CLS CLEAR (Clears all External Signal Synchronizers) 006 INHIBIT IS SYNC 1 This CPD will not allow a sync pulse into unit 1 of the CLP. The affect will be a CLS CONT ERR 1 & 2 (SENSE LINE 04500 & 04600) 007 INHIBIT IS SYNC 2 This CPD will not allow a sync pulse into unit 2 of the CLP. The affect will be a CLS CONT ERR 2 & 1 (SENSE LINE 04600 & 04500) 010 PSEUDO IS SYNC 1 This CPD will extend the normally 100 nanosecond IS Sync Pulse into a 500 nanosecond pulse. This will simulate a stuck true condition. The affect will be a SYNC ERR 2 (SENSE LINE 04410) and an inhibit of the IS SYNC 1 signal. 011 PSEUDO IS SYNC 2 This CPD will extend the normally 100 nanosecond IS Sync Pulse into a 500 nanosecond pulse. This will simulate a stuck true condition. The affect will be a SYNC ERR 1 (SENSE LINE 04404) and an inhibit of the IS SYNC 2 signal. 012 PSEUDO P5 1 This CPD will expand the normal 100 nanosecond P51 to 500 nanoseconds. This will result in a simulated stuck true condition for P51. The affect will be to set to SYNC ERR 2. (SENSE LINE 04410). The possibility also exist that one or both of the CLS CONT ERR flops will be set (sense lines 04500 & 04600). 013 PSEUDO P5 2 This CPD will expand the normal 100 nanosecond P52 to 500 nanoseconds. This will result in a simulated stuck true condition for P52. The affect will be to set the SYNC ERR 1 (sense line 04404). The possibility also exist that one or both of the CLS CONT ERR flops will be set. (Sense line 04500 & 04600). 014 SET PSEUDO CLP CPD 1 This storage element will provide a signal that will create a CPD CLP ERR 2 on the next non CPD instruction. It simulates a stuck true condition. The affect will inhibit the CLP CPD L SIGNAL. 015 SET PSEUDO CLP CPD 2 This storage element will provide a signal that will create a CPD CLP ERR 1 on the next non CPD instruction. It simulates a stuck true condition. The affect will inhibit the CLP CPD 2 signal. 016 GATE GROUPS This CPD will set a storage element that will gate the decod of the 7 groups assigned to each card and card 9 on to the sense line bus for use by the CCP during an SSNT or LSGA instruction. The groups are to be selected during the selection of card 16 and card 9 is selected with group 1. This storage element is reset with 004. 017 GATE Cards The CPD will set a storage element that will gate the decode of the first 8 cards onto the sense line bus for use by the CCP during an SSNT or LSGA instruction. The cards are to be selected along with group 1. This storage element is reset with 004. 020 Enable Branch trace 021 Disable Branch trace 024 Reset Branch trace flop 022 Prime break point 023 Disable break point 025 Reset break point flop 026 Prime S-match 027 Disable S-match 030 Reset S-match flop 037 Lockout RT CLK sense lines 002 CPD RS1 Register-Sender 1 005 RPI-A Select CCP-A CLU-A will take read/write commands from CCP-A and the data to be written into RCM-A will be that data sent by CCP-A. 006 RPI-B Select CCP-A The same as 005 except for CLU-B and RCM-B 007 RPI-A&B Select CCP-A The same as 005 except for both CLU's and RCM's. 011 RPI-A Select CCP-B CLU-A will take read/write commands from CCP-B and the data to be written into RCM-A will be that data sent by CCP-B. 012 RPI-B Select CCP-B The same as 011 except for CLU-B and RCM-B 013 RPI-A&B Select CCP-B The same as 011 except for both CLU's and RCM's. 015 RCM Clear -CLU-A This initializes hardware in RCM-A. 016 RCM Clear -CLU-B This initializes hardware in RCM-B. 017 RCM Clear -CLU-A&B This initializes hardware in both RCM-A&B. 021 RPI-A Select No CCP CLU-A will not accept read/write commands from either CCP. 022 RPI-B Select No CCP CLU-B will not accept read/write commands from either CCP. 023 RPI-A&B Select No CCP Both CLU's will not accept read/write commands from either CCP. 025 RTG Trouble Reset CLU-A Resets RTG (RS Timing Generator) trouble and error detecting logic in CLU-A 026 RTG Trouble Reset CLU-B Resets RTG trouble and error detecting logic in CLU-B. 027 RTG Trouble Reset CLU-A&B Resets RTG trouble and error detecting logic in both CLU's. 031 RTG Reset CLU-A Resets all RTG timing functions in CLU-A to an initial state. 032 RTG Reset CLU-B Same as 031 except for CLU-B. 033 RTG Reset CLU-A&B Same as 031 except for both CLU's. 101 RMU-A Control Pulse Enable Enables the generation of pulses in CLU-A. 102 RMU-B Control Pulse Enable Enables the generation of pulses in CLU-B. 103 Both RMU's Control Pulse Enable Enables the generation of pulses in both CLU's. 201 RMU-A Control Latch Enable Enables the setting or resetting of latches in CLU-A. 202 RMU-B Control Latch Enable Enables the setting or resetting of latches in CLU-B. 203 Both RMU's Control Latch Enable Enables the setting or resetting of latches in both CLU's. 414 Reset Request for Translation Interrupt Resets the flip-flop associated with the request for translation interrupt sense line in both CLU's. 424 Reset RS Fault Interrupt Resets the flip-flop associated with the RS fault interrupt sense line in both CLU's. 430 Reset System Trouble Interrupt Resets the flip-flop associated with the RS system trouble interrupt sense line in both CLU's. 454 Run In Sync Instructs the CLU's to sync commands from both CCP's before acknowledging either. 464 Run Simplex Instructs the CLU's not to attempt to sync commands from both CCP's before acknowledging each one. 470 Reset Error Count Resets the flip-flop associated with the RS error count interrupt sense line in both CLU's. 003 CPD RS2 Register-Sender 2 Same as CPD RSI 004 CPD DCU1 000 Reset DCU and DMS Drum Control Unit 1 001 Initialize DCU 002 Spill Directive 003 Initialize Maintenance 005 CPD DCU2 Same as CPD DCU 1 Drum Control Unit 2 006 CPD DCU3 Same as CPD DCU 1 Drum Control Unit 3 007 CPD DCU4 Same as CPD DCU 1 Drum Control Unit 4 010 CPD DCU5 Same as CPD DCU 1 Drum Control Unit 5 011 CPD DCU 6 Same as CPD DCU 1 Drum Control Unit 6 012 CPD CMC 000 MCLTR MB -RST Computer Memory Control Memory Control Logic 001 MCLTR MB -SET Test Register Memory Busy MCLTR simulates a memory request from a port and the control signals returned from the memory to test CMC control logic. 002 MCLTR {DA}RST MCLTR {Data Available} 003 MCLTR {DA} SET 004 MCLTR {DL} RST {Data loaded} 005 MCLTR {DL} SET {Data Loaded} RST 006 MCLTR {EOC} MCLTR {End of Cycle} 007 MCLTR {EOC}-SET 010 MCLTR {MREQ}RST MCLRT {Memory Request} 011 MCLTR {MREQ}RST 012 MMDBSOCR{1}-RST Maintenance Memory 013 MMDBSOCR{1}-SET Data Bus Source 014 MMDBSOCR{2}RST Control Register 015 MMDBSOCR{2}SET By setting MMDBSOCR{1} 016 MMDBSOCR{3}RST {2} {3} the test points 017 MMDBSOCR{3}SET previously listed will be connected to the data bus if the CP is off-line 020 PENTR{1}-RST Port Enable Test Register 021 PENTR{1} SET {1-6} 022 PENTR{1}-RST PENTR enables the CMC to answer a memory request from an off-line port if the CP is off-line. 023 PENTR{1} SET 024 PENTR{3}-RST 025 do. SET 026 PENTR{4} RST 027 do. SET 030 PENTR{5} RST 031 do. SET 032 PENTR{6}-RST 033 do. SET 034 POLR{1}-RST Port On Line Register {1-6} 035 POLR{1}SET POLR controls the on-line status of the six DCU's

attached to ports 1 to 6. The POLR's of a DCU must be reset in both CMC's before an off-line indication is given to that DCU. POLR is also reset by the MASTER CLEAR button on the computer test panel. 036 POLR{2}-RST 037 do. SET 040 POLR{3}-RST 041 do. SET 042 POLR{4} RST 043 do. SET 044 POLR{5} RST 045 do. SET 046 POLR{6}-RST 047 do. SET 050 INPUT TEST REG{1}-RST Input Test Register {1-6} 051 INPUT TEST REG{1}-SET 052 INPUT TEST Used to test the REG{2}-RST signal paths from 053 INPUT TEST the DCU's to the CMC's REG{2}-SET When an input test 054 INPUT TEST register is set all REG{3}-RST the inputs to the CMC's from that DCU Should be true. 055 INPUT TEST REG{3}-SET 056 INPUT TEST REG{4}-RST 057 INPUT TEST REG{4}-SET 060 INPUT TEST REG{5}-RST 061 INPUT TEST REG{5}-SET 062 INPUT TEST REG{6}-RST 063 INPUT TEST REG{6}-SET 064 MCLTR{LCH.sup.. . MDB}-RST Memory Control 065 MCLTR{LCH.sup.. . MDB}-SET Logic Test Register Latch Memory Data Bus If the CP is off-line setting MCLTR{LCH MDB} latches the data bus so that a one applied to the data bus remains on the data bus after the input is removed. 066 PC ROM ACT-RST Program Controlled 067 PC ROM ACT-SET Read Only Memory Active Setting this register enables the program controlled read only memory protection. 076 CROSS WRITE-RST 077 CROSS WRITE-SET Cross write enables an on-lineCCP to write into its own memory and the duplex memory which must be off line. 013 CPD CP SETS OR RESETS CRS 1 AND/OR CRS 2 TO DETERMINE WHICH REGISTER-SENDER WILL BECOME A DATA SOURCE CRS1 = REGISTER-SENDER 1A CRS1' = REGISTER-SENDER 1B CRS2 = REGISTER-SENDER 2A CRS2' - REGISTER-SENDER 2B 001 Set CRS1 in CPA 002 Reset CRS1 in CPA 004 Set CRS1 in CPB 010 Reset CRS1 in CPB 020 Set CRS2 in CPA 040 Reset CRS2 in CPA 100 Set CRS2 in CPB 200 Reset CRS2 in CPB 014 CPD OM1 001 Reset Enable (Originating Marker 1 002 Reset Interrupts 004 Send SR Data 010 Standby 020 Report Blockage 040 Do not Report Blockage 100 Do not Perform Line Test 200 Perform Line Test 400 Reset Send SR data 015 CPD OM 2 Same as CPD OM1 (Originating Marker 2) 016 CPD OM 3 Same as CPD OM1 (Originating Marker 3) 017 CPD OM 4 Same as CPD OM1 (Originating Marker 4) 020 CPD OM 5 Same as CPD OM1 (Originating Marker 5) 021 CPD OM 6 Same as CPD OM1 (Originating Marker 6) 022 CPD OM 7 Same as CPD OM1 (Originating Marker 7) 023 CPD OM 8 Same as CPD OM1 (Originating Marker 8) 024 CPD TM 1 001 Reset Enable (Terminating Marker 1) 002 Reset Interrupt 004 Send SR Data 100 Do not Perform Line Test 200 Perform Line Test 400 Reset, Send SR Data 025 CPD TM 2 Same as CPD TM 1 (Terminating Marker 2) 026 CPD TM 3 Same as CPD TM 1 (Terminating Marker 3) 027 CPD TM 4 Same as CPD TM 1 (Terminating Marker 4) 030 CPD TM 5 Same as CPD TM 1 (Terminating Marker 5) 031 CPD TM 6 Same as CPD TM 1 (Terminating Marker 6) 032 CPD CTP (Third Party 000 SET TEST FLOP 1 (CPDTSTF1) This signal is used by the control circuit in conjunction with CPDTSTF2; CPDTSTF3 and CPDTSTF4 plus CPDTST 1 thru 9, to form up the MTST signals used in routining the detection circuit. (see Sec. 5.6.1.4) 001 RESET CPDTSTF1 002 SET TEST FLOP 2 (CPDTSTF2) Refer to Directive 000 for comments. 003 RESET TEST FLOP 2 (CPDTSTF2) Refer to Directive 000 for comments. 004 SET TEST FLOP 3 (CPDTSTF3) Refer to Directive 000 for comments. 005 RESET TEST FLOP 3 (CPDTSTF3) Refer to Directive 000 for comments. 006 SET TEST FLOP 4 (CPDTSTF4) Refer to Directive 000 for comments. 007 RESET TEST FLOP 4 (CPDTSTF4) Refer to directive 000 for comments. 010 SET TEST FLOP 5 This signal is used to simulate both CCP (s) on line for use in Detection Circuit Maintenance 011 RESET TEST FLOP 5 Refer to Directive 010 for comments. 012 SET TEST FLOP 6 This signal is used to simulate the signal P3 and P4 stuck at 1 in CCPB for use in detection circuit maintenance. 013 RESET TEST FLOP 6 Refer to Directive 012 for comments. 014 SET TEST FLOP 7 This signal is used to simulate the signal P3 and P4 stuck at 1 in CCPA for use in detection circuit maintenance. 031 RESET TEST FLOP 13 Refer to Directive 030 for comments. 032 SET TEST FLOP 14 This signal simulates all zeros on both sets of inputs to the matchers of the detection circuit. 033 RESET TEST FLOP 14 Refer to directive 032 for comments. 034 SET TEST FLOP 15 Not assigned 035 RESET TEST FLOP 15 Refer to directive 034 for comments. 036 SET TEST FLOP 16 Not assigned 037 RESET TEST FLOP 16 Refer to directive 036 for comments. 040 CPDTST 1 This signal is a 500 nano second pulse. When CPDTSTF 1 (only) is set the CPD CTP signal from CCPA will be inhibited. MTST3A. When CPDTSTF 2 (only) is set the CPD CTP signal from CCPB will be inhibited (MTST3B). This is a partial inhibit, but is in effect at the time that the detection circuit is monitoring for a match. This results in an expected mismatch and is used in routining that particular matcher. 042 CPDTST 2 This signal is a 500 nano second pulse. When CPDTSTF1 (only) is set, the CCPA on line Signal will be inhibited (MTST4A). When CPDTSTF 2 (only) is set, the CCPB on line signal will be inhibited (MTST4B). This is a partial inhibit, but is in effect at the time the detection circuit is monitoring for a match. This results in an expected mismatch and is used in routining that particular detection matcher. 015 RESET TEST FLOP 7 Refer to directive 014 for comments. 016 SET TEST FLOP 8 This signal allows the loading, of the result, of the matcher gates, in the Isolation Circuit, into the Routine Match Flops for use in maintenance of the Isolation Circuit. 017 RESET TEST FLOP 8 Refer to directive 016 for comments. 020 SET TEST FLOP 9 This signal inhibits all data bus signals from CCPA to the isolation and detection circuit, for maintenance. 021 RESET TEST FLOP 9 Refer to directive 020 for comments. 022 SET TEST FLOP 10 This signal inhibits all data bus signals from CCPB to the isolation and detection circuit, for maintenance. 023 RESET TEST FLOP 10 Refer to directive 022 for comments. 024 SET TEST FLOP 11 This signal inhibits the place BOTH CCP(S) ON LINE signal in the synchronizer circuit of the control circuit during Maintenance routining. 025 RESET TEST FLOP 11 Refer to directive 024 for comments. 026 SET TEST FLOP 12 This signal simulates both CCP(S) on line for the stuck at X (Sax) circuit only. 027 RESET TEST FLOP 12 Refer to Directive 026 for comments. 030 SET TEST FLOP 13 This signal simulates all ones on both sets of inputs to the matchers of the detection circuit. 044 CPDTST 3 This signal is a 500 nano second pulse. When CPDTSTF1 (only) is set, the CCPA MPSTAT signal will be inhibited (TST5A). When CPDTSTF 2 (only) is set the CCPB MPSTAT signal will be inhibited (MTST5B). This is a partial inhibit, but is in effect at the time the detection circuit is monitoring for a match. This results in an expected mismatch and is used in routining that particular detection matcher. 046 CPDTST 4 This signal is not assigned. 050 CPDTST 5 This signal is a 500 nano second pulse. When CPDTSTF 1 (only) is set the CCPA MMREAD signal is inhibited (MTST7A). When CPDTSTF 2 (only) is set the CCPB MMREAD signal is inhibited (MTST7B). This is a partial inhibit, but is in effect at the time the detection circuit is monitoring for a match. This results in an expected mismatch, and is used in routining that particular detection matcher. 052 CPDTST 6 This signal is a 500 nano second pulse When CPDTSTF 1 (only) is set, the CCPA MM Write will be simulated to the detection matcher (MTST8A). When CPDTSTF 2 (only) is set the CCPB MM WRITE will be simulated to the detection matcher (MTST8B). This is a partial simulation, but is in effect at the time the detection circuit is monitoring for a match. This results in an expected mismatch, and is used in routining that particular detection matcher. 054 CPDTST 7

This signal is not assigned. 056 CPDTST 8 This is a 500 nano second pulse. When CPDTSTF 1 (only) is set, the CCXA ENABLE signal to the detection circuit will be inhibited (MTST10A). When CPDTSTF2 (only) is set, the CCXB ENABLE signal to the detection circuit will be inhibited (MTST10B). This is a partial inhibit, but is in effect at the time the detection circuit is monitoring for a match. This results in an expected mismatch, and is used in routining that particular detection matcher. 060 CPDTST 9 This is a 500 nano second pulse. When CPDTSTF 1 (only) is set, the CCPA signal C1 L2 P2 is simulated (MTST11A). When CPDTSTF2 (only) is set the CCPB signal C1 L2 P2 is simulated (MTST11B). This simulation appears during level 3 and creates an expected mismatch, and is used in routining that particular matcher. 062 CPDTST 10 This signal is used to inhibit P3 + P4 from CCPB, creating the effect stuck at zero. It is used in maintenance of the detection circuit. 064 CPDTST 11 This signal is used to inhibit P3 + P4 from CCPA creating the effect stuck at zero. It is used in maintenance of the detection circuit. 066 CPDTST 12 This signal is used to increment counter C1 in the isolation circuit for maintenance. 070 CPDTST 13 This signal is used to preset counter C1 (ROM address register) of the isolation circuit, to an address that contains all ones for maintenance. 072 CPDTST 14 This signal is used to preset counter C1 (ROM address register) of the isolation circuit, to an address that contains all zero's, for maintenance. 074 CPDTST 15 This signal is used to reset storage element T1 in the isolation circuit. 076 CPDTST 16 This signal is used by the clear and start circuit to reset the "CLEAR" and the "CP OFF" flops that are set during the routining of the clear and start circuits associated with CCPB. 0100 CPDTST 17 This signal is used by the clear and start circuit to reset the "CLEAR" and the "CP OFF" flops that are set during the routining of the clear and start circuitry associated with CCPA. 0102 CCPDTST 18 This signal is used to set the routine flop in the clear and start circuit associated with CCPB. 0104 CPDTST 19 This signal is used to set the routine flop in the clear and start circuit associated with CCPA. 0106 CPDTST 20 This signal is used to reset the routine flop described in 0102. 0110 CPDTST 21 This signal is used to reset the routine flop described in 0104. 0112 CPDTST 22 This signal is used to create a clear and start signal in the circuitry associated with CCPB, when the routine flop in that circuitry is set. Because of intended design, the clear and start circuitry associated with CCPA will also be activated. If the intent of this clear and start is to, only, routine the circuitry and to ignore its effect on the overall configuration, then the routine flop for the clear and start circuits associated with CCPA must also be set. (CPD032, 0102). 0114 CPDTST 23 This signal is used to create a clear and start in the circuitry associated with CCPA, the routine flop in that circuitry is set. Due to intended design, the clear and start associated with CCPB will also be activated. If the intent of this clear and start is to, only, routine the circuitry, and to ignore the normal effect on the overall system, then the routine flop of the clear and start circuits associated with CCPB must also be set. (CPD032, 0104) 0116 CPDTST 24 This signal is used to create a clear and start under program control in the circuitry associated with CCPB. This signal is inhibited if a third party trap does not exist or if CCPF is off Line. Once initiated the clear and start circuitry associated with CCPA will also be initiated without restriction. 0120 CPDTST 25 This signal is used to create a clear and start under program control in the circuitry associated with CCPA. This signal is inhibited if a third party trap does not exist, or if CCPA is off line. Once initiated the clear and start circuitry associated with CCPB will also be initiated with out restriction. 0122 CPDTST 26 (SYNC CPD) This signal is used to initiate synchronous operation of the duplicated CCP(S) and the computer third party. The signal sets the synchronizer flop in the central circuit, when both clocks of the duplicated CCP(S) have stopped, a PLACE BOTH CCP(S) ON LINE SIGNAL is sent to the configuration circuit. Placing of both CCP(S) on line resets the sync flop. 0124 CPDTST 27 (CPD OFF F) This signal resets the (TP OFF TO F) storage element in the isolation circuit that stores the fact that both CCP(S) were off line an excessive length of time. 0126 CPDTST 28 This signal is not assigned. - 0130 CPDTST 29 This signal is not assigned. 0132 CPDTST 30 This signal is not assigned. 0134 CPDTST 31 This signal is not assigned. 0136 CPDTST 33 This signal is not assigned. 0140 CPDTST 33 This signal is not assigned. 0142 CPDTST 34 This signal is not assigned. 0144 CPDTST 35 This signal is not assigned. 0146 CPDTST 36 This signal is not assigned. 0150 CPDTST 37 This signal is not assigned. 0152 CPDTST 38 This signal is not assigned. 0154 CPDTST 39 This signal is not assigned. 0156 CPDTST 40 This signal is not assigned. 0160 CPDTST 41 This signal is not assigned. 0162 CPDTST 42 This signal is not assigned. 0164 CPDTST 43 This signal is not assigned. 0166 CPDTST 44 This signal is not assigned. 0170 CPDTST 45 This signal is not assigned. 0172 CPDTST 46 This signal is not assigned. 0174 CPDTST 47 This signal is not assigned. 0176 CPDTST 48 This signal is not assigned. 033 CPD CTP CLR RESETS ALL CTP CIRCUITS (Third Party) (only if by ON LINE CCP) -034 CPD TRAP 001 SET TP TRAP DISABLE (Third Party) Disables trap signal from entering CCP(s) 002 RESET TP TRAP DISABLE 004 RESET TRAP SIGNALS TO CCP(s) 035 CPD CP OFF TAKES CCPA OFF LINE 036 CPD CP OFF TAKES CCPB OFF LINE 037 CPD CTP ON-OFF 000 PLACE CTP ON-LINE 001 TAKE CTP OFF-LINE ______________________________________

CALL HISTORY TABLE

The system has the capability of processing as many as 384 calls at one time. Any call that originates into the system must have a signaling path from the originating inlet to the common control (the register sender (RS) and the central processor unit (CPU)). The register junctor is the component which provides this signaling path between the network and the common control equipment. Since the maximum number of register junctors in the system is 384, the maximum number of calls that the software can process is 384.

The software is structured in such a manner that it identifies the calls which it is processing by the register junctor identities which are being used to supply the signaling path for the call. Since the software must be able to process several calls at one time, it cannot work on one call continuously from the time of origination to the time it is connected through the network. Thus, the software performs several small tasks on a call when it is not doing other work in the system (i.e., ticketing, processing other calls, maintenance).

This implies that the software must have an area to save information about the call when it is performing other work. Since the software must be capable of processing 384 calls at one time, there exist 384 areas in core to save intermediate data for each call. The area in core which is used to save intermediate data for calls that are being processed is the call history table.

The call history table contains 384 entries. Each entry consists of a twelve word buffer to store intermediate data about the call which is associated with a particular register junctor. Each entry in the call history table is associated with one of the 384 register junctors in the system. Thus, an entry in the call history table is accessed by using the register junctor identity associated with the call being processed. A register junctor identity is defined as follows:

Register Junctor Identity = Register Sender Section in which the register junctor is part of (0,1) + Register Junctor Identity relative to the Register Sender Section that is part of (0-191)

Examples of information that is saved in the call history table are:

1. Originating class of service data

2. Digit translation data

3. Data which is internally generated by the software that is to be used for later processing of the call.

4. Data which will be sent to the ticketing software so that the call can be billed properly.

Another important item of information which is stored in the call history table is a pointer to the work area which is being used to perform a task for the call. Thus, it is easy to retrieve the work area associated with a call by knowing the register junctor identity associated with the call. It is worth mentioning that a work area is not always linked to the call history table. A work area is linked to the call history table when the software is performing a task to process the call (i.e., there is no work area linked to the call history table during the reception of digits).

A diagram of the call history table is shown in FIG. 39. It comprises 4608 words (384 entries .times. 12 entries/word). FIGS. 40-46 are diagrams of one entry of 12 words, which show what information is in a call history table entry during various stages of processing a call, identified as time frames .phi.-6. Note that there are groups of data (overlays) identified as CHA, CHC, CHE, CHG, CHH, CHL, CHM, CHQ, CHT, and CJA. Individual items in each group are identified by the three letters of the group followed by three additional letters. In some cases sets of items within the same word also have a common identity comprising the same group identity followed by three other letters, not shown in FIGS. 40-46. The entire word is also identified by the three group letters followed by W and a pair of digits .phi..phi.-11 for the word; for example the first word of group CHA is identified as CHAW.phi..phi., and is located in word three of the entry. Note that the items of a group may appear in an entry during one or more of the time frames of FIGS. 40-46, and that the same location in an entry is used for different items during the progress of a call through the time frames. The information for the various items of the groups is defined below. The tables at right are references for definitions and values.

Group CHA comprises six words .phi.-5 located in the entry in rods 3-8. This group is used to schedule program module C.phi.1 (class-of-service initialization) and by the F32 (CCR handler) module. Table CHA is also used by program module C.phi.1 in the process of obtaining a work area. The fifth and sixth words contain status information which is used for scheduling purposes.

______________________________________ Word CHAW.phi..phi. in entry word 3 Item Bits Description Table LKC .phi.-14 Linkage control FWALKC TYP 15-20 Work area type indicator FWATYP BK.phi. 21-23 Constant value .phi. Word CHAW.phi.1 in entry word 4 NPG .phi.14 Next program identity FWANPG ELN 15-17 Entry line number FWAELN PRI 18-20 Priority PWAPRI BK1 21-23 Constant value .phi. Word CHAW.phi.2 in entry word 5 TPF .phi.14 Identity of program in control of work area FWATPF ADI 23 Audit indicator used by the work area audit routine (WARAUD) which determines is the call history table can be found in a queue or not. BK2 15-22 Constant value .phi. Word CHAW.phi.3 in entry word 5 FEP .phi.-14 Forced exit program identity FWAFEP ERP .phi.-14 Error program identity FWAERP FEL 15-17 Entry line number in forced exit program FWAFEL FPR 18-20 Priority of forced exit program FWAFPR HPB 23 Hitching post indicator indicates whether or not the call history table slot is being used as a hitching post for a work area. BK3 22-23 Constant value .phi. Word CHAW.phi.4 in entry word 6 RJI .phi.-14 Register-junctor identity FWARJI RJN 4-11 Register-junctor number FWARJN SEC 12 Register-sender section EIO 15-20 Error indicators from the I/O programs of the FWAEIOive BK4 21-23 Constant value .phi. Word CHAW.phi.5 in entry word 7 WAA .phi.-14 Work area address indicates the address of the work area that is being used for the call. CCM 15-20 call condition modified indicates the call abandoned, a time out, or an interrupt has occurred. Field CCM contains the fields TIO, CAB and XTO. TRI 15-18 Translation interrupt FWBTRI CAB 19 Call abandon FWBCAB XTO 20 Time-out FWBXTO BK5 21-23 Constant value .phi. ______________________________________

Group CHC is used to store the originating marker data frames, which are the equipment information for originating calls. This information from the originating marker is used by call processing in the identification and processing of the call. CHC is accessed by the call history address assigned by the executive. It consists of two 24 bit words with a bias of 10 so that they appear in words 10 and 11.

______________________________________ Word CHCW.phi..phi. in entry word 10 SEC .phi.-1 Office section CTNSEC SBS 2-3 Subsection indicates orig. marker pair CTNSBS SSB .phi.-3 Section and subsection SEC + SBS MID 4 Marker identity FWCMID MTN 5 Test call FWCTCL INO 7-11 Instructions originating FWDINO-A,B BUN 16-19 B unit FWDBUN-A CSO 20-23 Call status originating FWDSCO-A Word CHCW.phi.1 in entry word 11 BUN .phi.-2 B unit outlet FWDBUO-A RUO .phi.-5 R unit outlet FWDRUO-A AUI 6-10 A unit inlet FWDAUI-A AUN 11-14 A unit FWDAUN-A ABG 15-17 AB group FWDABG-A MTX 18-21 Matrix FWDMTX ABX 15-21 Consists of ABG and MTX LMI 6-21 Line matrix inlet, defines the matrix and unique inlet of the matrix for a line or trunk. Consists of MTX, ABG, AUN and AUI. RBO .phi.-5 R unit, B unit combination. Consists of RUO and BUO. ______________________________________

CHE contains data used by the non-local pre-translator to access drum table CPD via a 1, 2 or 3 digit translation. CPD in turn contains data used to instruct the register sender to collect more digit or to standardized a non-standard digit pattern. The table consists of three words, with a bias of 0 so that they fall in words .phi.-2 shown in FIG. 42.

______________________________________ Word CHEW.phi..phi. in entry word .phi. XD6 .phi.-3 Sixth called number digit -- obtained from FWBXD6 XD5 4-7 Fifth called number digit -- obtained from FWBXD5 XD4 8-11 Fourth called number digit -- obtained from FWBXD4 XD3 12-15 Third called number digit -- obtained from FWBXD3 XD2 16-19 Second called number digit -- obtained from FWBXD2 XD1 20-23 First called number digit -- obtained from FWBXD1 X13 12-23 Consists of XD1, XD2 and XD3 -- Part of the search key used to access table CPD. See CHESID. X23 12-19 Consists of XD2 and XD3 CD1 .phi.-23 Consists of XD1-XD6. Word CHEW.phi.1 in entry word 1 FTP .phi.-1 Fast time out digit position TIP 2-3 Translation interrupt digit position Specifies the digit position CHEXD1, XD2 or XD3 in the search key the FWBIDC value is to be placed when a TRI = 1 interrupt has occurred and CHESID = 1. UID .phi.-3 Use incoming digit counter. Specifies the digit position CHEXD1, XD2 or XD3 in the search key the FWBIDC value is table placed if CHESIO-1. SID 20 Search on incoming digit counter. Indicates whether or not to place the FWBIDC value in the digit portion of the search key. Part of the search key used for the table CPD. Word CHEW.phi.2 in entry word 2 AUI .phi.-4 A unit inlet AUN 5-8 A unit ABG 9-11 AB group MTX 12-15 Matrix SEC 16-17 Section LNI .phi.-17 Consists of AUI, AUN, ABG, MTX, SEC. ______________________________________

Group CHG is used to store code translation data from work area CXD which defines the routing information necessary to terminate a call. The table consists of four words with a bias of .phi. so that they fall in words .phi.-3 as shown in FIG. 43

______________________________________ Word CHGW.phi..phi. in entry word .phi. RTN .phi.-11 Route number CTTRTN TTN 12-15 Traffic type number CTTTTT TSR 16 Tandem selective routing CTTTSR LSR 17 Local selective routing CTTLSR RPV 18-19 Route plan value CTTRPV CDR 20 Coin deposit required CTTCDR DNT 21 Directory number translation CTTDNT Word CHGW.phi.1 in entry word 1 NJR .phi.-3 Next job to run CTTNJR CID 4-8 Code identification CTTCID AOS 9 Allowed on six CTTAOS EOP 10 Early outpulsing CTTEOP ECP 11 Elacs code protection CTTECP STR 12-14 Separate toll routing CTTSTR ZNC 17-19 Zone of charge CTTZNC ZTS 20-22 Tandem screening zone CTTZTS Word CHGW.phi.2 in entry word 2 OSV .phi.-3 Outpulsing start value CTTOSV FTO 4-7 Fast time out CTTFTO XTL 8-11 Totals CTTXTL Word CHGW.phi.3 in entry word 3 PJR .phi.-3 Previous job run by digit analysis OJR 4-7 Old job run. Used for ambiguous code processing. TAT 8 Translation action taken. ______________________________________

Group CHH is used to store routing information which may be used to retrace a call. CHH consists of one entry type format (format A) and a general format (format B). Table CHH consists of six words falling in words .phi., 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7, shown in FIGS. 44, 45 and 46.

______________________________________ Word CHHW.phi..phi. in entry word .phi. RTN .phi.-11 Route number being processed if a route - number or alternate route number translation was the last translation performed. (CHHDNX = .phi.) Word CHHW.phi.1 in entry word 2 SU1 .phi.-3 Selector units of the first loop through the selector matrix FWCSUT-A SN1 4-7 Selector tens of the first loop FWCSTN-A ST1 .phi.-7 Comprises SUI and SNI. Word CHHW.phi.2 in entry word 4 SU3 16-19 Selector units of the third loop FWCSUT-A SN3 20-23 Selector tens of the third loop FWCSTN-A ST3 16-23 Comprises SU3 and SN3. Word CHHW.phi.3 in entry word 5 SU2 .phi.-3 Selector units of the second loop FWCSUT-A SN2 4-7 Selector tens of the second loop FWCSTN-A ST2 .phi.-7 Comprises SU2 and SN2. Word CHHW.phi.4 in entry word 6 SAI .phi.-2 Selector matrix A inlet FWCSAI-A SAU 3-6 Selector matrix A unit FWCSAU-A SAB 7-9 Selector matrix AB group FWCSAB-A SMX 10-13 Selector matrix SGI .phi.-13 Comprises SAI, SAU, SAB, SMX. Word CHHW.phi.5 in entry word 7 ARN .phi.-11 Alternate route number if route number being processed cannot be terminated and CHHARI = 1. CRNARN LXT 13 Line matrix termination if = .phi.. or selector matrix if = 1. ART 14 Alternate route translation was last translation performed. REP 15 Previous route early outpulsing ARI 16 Alternate route exists, in CHHARN RTL 17 Retrial DAT 18 Delayed alternate route translation ______________________________________

Group CHL is for ticketing information, including the normalized called number, the calling director number, and the ticketing scan point. See FIG. 45.

______________________________________ Word CHLW.phi..phi. in entry word .phi. TCT 14-18 Terminating call type FNA 19 Foreign numbering area CL2 20-23 Calling directory number 7th digit NO7 20-23 Calling directory number 7th digit Word CHLW.phi.1 in entry word 1 CL1 0-23 Calling directory number first six digits NO6-NO1. Also CL4 for 6th-3rd digits, and for 2nd and 1st digits. Word CHLW.phi.2 in entry word 2 CD2 8-23 Called number 7th-10th digits comprising XD10-XD7. Word CHLW.phi.3 in entry word 3 CD1 0-23 Called digits XD6-XD1 Word CHLW.phi.4 in entry word 6 TSG 15-22 Ticketing scanpoint comprising TSY and TSX. Word CHLW.phi.5 in entry word 7 TSB 19-23 Ticketing scanpoint -- 3rd field. ______________________________________

Group CHM is used by maintenance to store data which is to be used by call processing modules C32. This data indicates to C32 whether or not to take a sender/receiver and/or register junctor off line. The table consists of one word with a bias of 4 so that it falls in word four.

______________________________________ Word CHMW.phi..phi. in entry word 4 SRS 22 Maintenance -- take sender/receiver off line RJS 23 Maintenance -- take register junctor off ______________________________________ line

Table CHQ is used to store the program generated indicators which are generated by call processing programs during the processing of a call for use later on in the processing of the call. The table consists of four words with a bias of 8 so that they fall in words 8-11.

______________________________________ Word CHQW.phi..phi. in entry word 8 TMF 21-23 Time frame field. The value of which provides the means to identify the relative progression of the call through the call processing program and thus indicates how the data and the call table shall be interpreted. The value TMF = .phi. for time frame .phi. of FIG. 40, during which program modules F32 and C.phi.1 are run. The value TMD = 1, FIG. 41, has programs F51, C.phi.2, C.phi.3, C.phi.6, C.phi.7 and C.phi.9. The value TMF = 2, FIG. 42, is the time during which program modules F51, C.phi.4, and C.phi.5 are run. The programs that are run during time frame TMF = 3, FIG. 43, are C.phi.7, C.phi.8, C10, C12, C13 and C15A. The programs that are run during time frame TMF = 4, FIG. 44, are C14, C15B, C16, C17, C19, C20, C21 and C24. The programs that are run during time frame TMF = 4, FIG. 45, are C24, C26, and retrial programs. Program C26 sets TMF = 6 before instructing the register sender to clear its memory. Time frame 6 is the register junctor idle time frame and is succeeded by time frame .phi. when the register junctor beings to process a new call. Word CHQW.phi.1 in entry word 9 TIE .phi.-3 Translation instruction expected, contains the value of the translation instruction which is expected from the register sender during a TRI interrupt. The definitions of the various values of TRI are given in the REGISTER/SENDER patent application TOV 4-7 Index into table FTT for program to run in case of fast interdigital time out. LWA 8-11 Leave word area. An index for accessing entries in table FTE for program to be run for an expected register-sender interrupt. IPS 12 Inhibit program scheduling WAL 13 Work area linked. Indicates that a work area is associated with the register junctor and is to be used when scheduling a program as a result of an RS interrupt. TST 14 Maintenance is using the RJ. ROL 15 Off line RJ. RJB 16 Busy RJ ADR 17 Indicates no more digits expected. RSA 18 Sender/receiver assigned to call. TRS 19 Unused CRJ 20 Maintenance is attempting to clear the RJ. DNP 21 Used by C32 to clear if no job is scheduled. ABC 22 Abort the call. EOP 23 Early outpulsing. Word CHQW.phi.2 in entry word 10 DNR 5 Directory number retrieved. SBM 6 Switch bit for maintenance used in C19. TPI 8-9 Type of print out RCC 10 Revertive call VPD 11-12 Value of prefix digit dialed RTO 13-14 Recorded time out LPI 15 Loop pulled in selector PGI 5-15 Comprises DNR, SBM, TPI, RCC, VPD, RTO and LPI TNo. 20 Traffic service observation for ticketing TSS 21 Traffic sampling -- ticketing MRR 22 Message rate service CHA 23 The call is chargeable TKR 20-23 Comprises TSO, TSS, MRR and CHA Word CHQW.phi.3 in entry word 11 PDL 3-5 Number of called digits previously deleted -- used to restore deleted digits for alternate routing OJT 22 Originating junctor translation NCB 23 New call bit, used by CCR handler only gradual transition is in effect to indicate use of a specific copy of drum memory. ______________________________________

Group CHT is a table which contains general information about a call and its status while it is being processed. It consists of twelve words.

Group CJA is used to store the originating class-of-service data for a line or trunk which has originated. This information is obtained from a drum table CLN or drum table CTN, depending on whether the origination is a line or a trunk, and is placed in CJA. Group CJA is accessed via the address assigned by the executive. The table consists of two entry formats. Format type A is for trunk originations and format type B is for line originations. There is also a general format, format type C. The table consists of four words, with a bias of three so that it falls in words 3, 4, 5 and 6.

______________________________________ Word CJAW.phi..phi. in entry word 3 AUN 0-3 A unit identified during origination CLNAUN ABG 4-6 AB group identified during origination CLNABG MTX 7-10 Matrix identified during origination CLNMTX SEC 11-12 Section identified during origination SBS 13-14 Subsection identified during origination CTMSBS Word CJAW.phi.1 in entry word 4 TGI .phi.-7 Trunk group incoming OSN 8-10 Originating service number ACO 11 Annoyance call originating TCN 12-13 Terminating control DS1 14 Disconnect status 1 DS2 15 Disconnect status 2 PDG 17-21 Published directory number billing group DN1 18-22 Directory number 1 location Word CJAW.phi.2 in entry word 5 RCI .phi.-4 Receiving control index SCA 6 Special code allowed ZCL 7-9 Zone associated with class of service. FWS 10 Foreign WATS state MRS 11 Message rate service MRT 12-17 Modified routing type IDC 18-21 Incoming digit count INT 18-22 Intest circuit identity DN2 18-22 Directory number 2 location Word CJAW.phi.3 in entry word 6 SAI .phi.-2 Selector A inlet SAU 3-6 Selector A unit SAB 7-9 Selector AB group SMX 10-13 Selector Matrix SGI .phi.-3 Comprises SAI, SAU, SAB and SMX TXS 14-15 Trunk matrix section ETN 16-18 Equipment type and number MTP 19-21 Manual Test panel PTS 22 Pretranslator standardization required ______________________________________

FIELD PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

General

this section describes the "Field Program," the name given to the collection of programs that make up the software system. The purposes of this section are to:

1. Identify the generic programs that make up the software system.

2. Describe the functions each program performs in the system.

Field program

the "Field Program" is divided into five major divisions. They are:

a. Executive program.

b. Application programs.

c. Maintenance programs.

d. Data Base.

e. Debugging Technique program.

The executive program provides centralized supervision over the operation of the data processor unit hardware, and control of the execution of the maintenance and application program software. The application programs are responsible for providing the operational characteristics of the system; e.g., call processing, ticketing, metering, etc.

The maintenance programs provide system and subsystem level maintenance functions; reconfiguration, scheduling of subsystem diagnostic programs, special handling of interrupts that occur during diagnostic operations, etc. The data base contains all of the table data that is stored in the system by means of the data processor unit's ferrite core and magnetic drum memories. The debugging techniques program is used to locate troubles within the software programs.

Refer to FIG. 47 for a block diagram of the field program flowchart.

Executive program

the executive program is responsible for the scheduling of application and maintenance programs. The executive program's major objective is to provide an orderly and efficient means of utilizing system hardware for these programs. The executive program provides the following major system functions:

a. Scheduling of central processor time on a priority basis.

b. Distributing interrupts to the appropriate interrupt processors.

c. Providing for the detection and handling of level two traps.

d. Scheduling and handling input/output device operations.

e. Providing the ability to time programs and events.

Central Processor Control

Both central processor time and the used non-resident areas in core main memory are scheduled by the executive program. The allocation of central processor unit time is accomplished by eight level priority scheduling for the system software.

The eight levels are referred to as levels zero through seven. Priority level zero is the highest level and level seven is the lowest. The executive will attempt to service all central processor time requests for programs waiting in priority zero before handling priority one requests. Similarly, priority one requests will be handled before those on priority level two, etc. Any one of the eight priority levels may be used to request execution of core and drum resident programs. Since only one program can be running at any instant, the eight levels provide the executive with the program priorities needed to properly schedule their processing. For example, "catastrophic situation processing" programs are given the highest level priority (level 0), and "routining maintenance" programs are given the lowest priority (levels 5, 6, and 7). Call processing, ticketing, and metering programs are scheduled on levels 3 and 4.

The data processor unit scheduler module is part of the executive program. Its function, as previously mentioned, is to schedule other program modules on a priority basis. If the program selected to run is core resident, it is merely started. If the selected program is drum resident, it must first be brought into core memory before execution can start. There is only one area available in core for the execution of drum resident programs. This area is called the "non-resident area" (NRA). The NRA consists of 2048 locations of core storage.

Interrupt and Trap Control

Processing interrupts received by the computer complex is a function accomplished by the executive program through the use of its interrupt processor modules. These modules analyze the cause of an interrupt and initiate the appropriate software action.

There are eight hardware priority interrupt levels associated with the computer central processor. These eight interrupt levels are of a higher priority than the executive's eight software priority levels. This means that the lowest hardware priority interrupt level is higher than the highest software priority level.

In addition to the interrupt system there are two levels of hardware traps, the traps are of a higher priority than the interrupt levels. These hardware priority trap levels provide for a "third party trap"(Level one), and a "central processor errors trap" (Level two). The executive only "controls" trap level two. The activation of any traps immediately suspends the running of the current program. If this occurs, the trap program modules are initiated and run before resuming execution of the suspended program.

I/o device Control

The executive program also has control of the following input/output devices:

a. High speed paper tape punch and reader.

b. Teletypewriters.

c. Marker communications registers.

d. Magnetic drums.

e. Magnetic tape units.

f. Maintenance and control center.

The executive schedules the input/output devices so that they may be used with maximum efficiency. It performs all actions required to operate the various input/output devices, thereby releasing the application programs, etc., from the necessity of having to perform these functions.

The executive interprets input messages from the teletypewriters and schedules the correct program module, as determined by the message control routine. The output data is made available in specific formats with headers as required.

Timing Control

The executive maintains a real time clock which keeps track of seconds, minutes, hours, days of the month, and months of the year. The clock is normally read by an applications program when it requires the date and time of day. Also provided, is an interval timer which provides timing functions required by some application programs.

The application program timing requests are timed by the interval timer module in multiples of 16.67ms. For example, if a program is run every minute, it will be called when a total of 3620 time intervals have elapsed. (3620 .times. 16.67 ms. = approximately 60 sec.)

Call processing program

the call processing program controls hardware and analyzes data to enable the system to perform its primary function which is to process calls. The modules of the call processing program analyze the data received from the markers and the register-sender subsystems.

Origination and Digit Reception

Data is transferred between the markers, data processor unit, and the register-sender subsystems. These subsystems are directed to perform their functions of interfacing with the network and completing the call via the call processing program. The primary call processing modules that process an origination and prepare the register-sender to receive digits are referred to as follows:

a. Class of service initialization.

b. Class of service analysis.

c. Non-dial line store.

The class of service initialization module performs the task of obtaining a work area (spaces reserved in core memory) from the executive program. Also, parameters are collected so that a class of service drum translation for the originating line or trunk may be made.

The originating class of service analysis module obtains the class of service drum translation information, analyzes it, and writes it into the register-sender core memory. The information received from the drum translation is analyzed and the program determines if a DTMF or MF receiver must be connected in order to receive digits. Additional class of service information is obtained from core tables and is then written into register-sender core memory by the executive program as directed by the call processing class of service analysis module.

The non-dial line store module formats the non-dial line digits retrieved from drum storage so that they may be written into the register-sender memory. This module updates register-sender memory with the formatted digits and instructs the register-sender to examine its memory for these digits.

Digit Analysis

The call processing program modules primarily responsible for analyzing data supplied by the customer for determining the call's destination are the following:

a. Pattern recognition handler.

b. Local and non-local pretranslators.

c. Digit translation initialization.

d. Digit translation analyzer.

The pattern recognition handler module is used when the register-sender has recognized certain dialed digit patterns. Specifically, the module initiates the routing of the call to an operator when a single zero has been dialed in an office not arranged for 0+ dialing. It also decreases the digits totals field of the register-sender core memory, upon recognition of 1+ dialing in an office so arranged.

The non-local pretranslator is scheduled by the call processing program when the origination is from a foreign office. The pretranslator is designed to add and/or delete digits as required. For example, if the call is from a direct control office to a local termination in this office, up to three (office code) digits may have to be added.

The translation portion of call processing begins with a local pretranslation of the incoming digits. The local pretranslator first determines if a 1 or a 0 prefix digit has been dialed. If so, the digit is deleted from register-sender core memory. Indicators (bits set in core) are then set to indicate that a prefix digit was dialed and what its value was (one or zero). If the register-sender has not accumulated three digits (excluding the 1+ or 0+ prefix digits), the digits total field in register-sender memory is updated to a value of three. This indicates to the register-sender that three digits are to be collected before a translation can be performed.

Digit translation initialization takes place and first initiates a three, then a four, five or six digit translation if required. The type of translation initiated will depend on the call destination which is usually apparent with the first three digits received.

The digit translation analyzer is responsible for deleting certain three digit prefix codes such as those associated with ticketing codes, reverting call access codes, and home numbering plan area codes and determining whether translations other than the normal three digit translation are required.

Routing

The routing function is controlled by a route translation initialization module which initiates the correct drum translation so that all of the information needed for the termination of a call is available.

A directory number translation is usually initiated if the call terminates locally, and a route number translation is usually performed if the termination is to a foreign office. A selective routing translation will be made in cases indicated by the originating route type attached to the originators class of service and by the prefix digits dialed.

Termination

The terminating cycle of call processing involves five major modules to accomplish the task; they are referred to as follows:

a. Route number and directory number translation analyzer.

b. Selector matrix routing.

c. Sender-receiver assigner.

d. Sending patterns and format control.

e. Termination cycle.

The route and directory number translation analyzer provides a preliminary analysis of data taken from drum after a route number or directory number translation. This module makes the following route checks:

a. Route for a permanent signal trunk.

b. Route for reorder tone or line busy tone application.

c. Route for intercept.

d. Alternate route indicators to access the alternate route control module.

The selector matrix routine module provides a means to determine the routing from a selector group inlet to a selector group outlet based on the type or types of equipment required to complete the call.

The sender-receiver assigner maintains a check on the busy-idle status of senders and receivers. It also maintains a check of the on-line/off-line status of senders and receivers. The sender-receiver assigner provides a map which shows the assignment of all senders and receivers to register junctors.

The sending pattern and format control module prepares the called number, calling number, and prefix digit storage cells to meet the sending pattern requirements of the receiving office. The register-sender memory is prepared by loading in register-sender memory the sending data contained in the route number expansion table. This module also gives the sending control information from the route number expansion table to register-sender.

The termination cycle acquires terminating information for the register-sender and the terminating marker. The terminating marker uses this information to connect a terminating path through the network. The register-sender uses this information for timing the termination process.

The termination cycle module determines most of the terminating requirements for the terminating marker and the register-sender. More specifically it accomplishes the following:

a. Readies the routing and control information to be used by the terminating marker and the data processor unit's communication register.

b. Acquires the calling directory number and determines if sending is required.

c. Schedules the succeeding call processing modules, if required.

Alternate Routing

The alternate route control module is called for whenever an alternate route termination is being processed. The primary purpose of the module is the determination of whether the conditions set up by the preceeding termination attempt require any modification.

To meet the requirements of an office, several types of alternate routing are provided. The types provided are as follows:

a. Route number alternate routing for lines or trunks.

b. Alternate routing for PBX lines.

c. Trunk group alternate routing for trunk groups with an availability greater than 80 (maximum scanning capability per group) and sequential selection of groups.

d. Alternate routing for oversize trunk groups providing a balance by random selection of one of two trunk groups for even traffic distribution.

Ticketing program

the primary purpose of the ticketing program is the collection, formating, and recording of toll data for future processing. The ticketing program consists of 16 modules to perform the necessary ticketing functions. The software operates in conjunction with the automatic toll ticketing subsystem hardware to provide ticketing data for Local Automatic Message Accounting (LAMA) operation.

The ticketing subsystem tickets subscriber dialed automatic number identification traffic. It tickets direct distance dialed (DDD) toll traffic as "timed" calls while ticketing message rate service (MRS) local traffic as "pegged" calls (calls recorded for answer only, not timed). Only calls originating within the local office are ticketed.

Ddd call

The brief description that follows illustrates the way in which the ticketing software handles a DDD call.

When a DDD call is originated, the call processing program determines the identity of the trunk that was seized. At this point, the call processing program stores the identity of the seized trunk for this call, and transfers control to the ticketing seizure module.

The seizure module checks the activity bit table to assure that the associated trunk activity bit is 0. This (activity bit 0) will inhibit the scanner from looking at the trunk supervisory contacts during outpulsing. Control is then returned to the call processing program.

If the last call of this trunk was incomplete, the activity bit will still be a 1 when checked by the seizure module. In this case, the seizure module would reset the activity bit to 0 and schedule the recording of the "incomplete call" information on magnetic tape (if traffic observation is being conducted).

Assuming a normal call, after cut-through (register-sender outpulsing completed) has occurred, the call processing program passes the equipment number of the trunk, the called number, and the calling number to the ticketing call completion module. The call completion module formats this information, and schedules its writing in a table on the drum. The call completion routine then sets an indicator causing the scan interrupt routine to begin interrogating this trunk for an answer condition. At this point the call completion module returns control to the call processing program.

The scan interrupt handler interrogates the trunk for an answer condition until an answer condition is found. When answer is first detected, the scan interrupt routine begins timing a 2.4 second charge delay interval. If the answer state remains true for the 2.4 second interval, the time of answer is recorded and is scheduled to be written into the drum cell associated with this trunk.

The scan interrupt handler continues to interrogate the trunk, looking for a disconnect condition. If a false disconnect is detected (called party on-hook, calling party off-hook), the disconnect time is stored in a table on drum and the associated trunk bit is set in the disconnect recorded table. The scanner will continue monitoring the trunk for as long as the calling party remains off-hook. If, while the calling party is still off-hook, the called party again goes off-hook, the trunk bit in the disconnect recorded table will be reset (0). This nullifies the disconnect time previously recorded. The scanner always continues its supervision until both parties have gone on-hook, indicating a true disconnect. When a true disconnect occurs, a request is generated to move the call data associated with the trunk from the drum cell to a work area in the computer core main memory. The scan interrupt handler also requests the scheduling of the output format module, after the call record has been read off of the drum.

The output format module is responsible for arranging call data into a useable format for magnetic tape output. On completion of its assigned task, it indicates that the call record buffer format module should be scheduled.

The call record buffer format module is responsible for moving the formatted call record into a buffer work area, determining where the call data should be stored, and when the buffer becomes full, indicating to the magnetic tape 1/0 scheduler that the buffer contents should be outputted on magnetic tape.

Mrs call

An MRS (message rate service) call is handled in a fashion similar to that of the DDD call, except that those operations necessary to time the call and detect disconnect conditions are not used. The MRS calls are recorded when the scanner detects a true answer condition. The record contains the calling number and the answer time.

Miscellaneous Functions

In addition to its normal recording tasks, the ticketing program also provides instructions for checking certain hardware malfunctions. The ticketing program provides for detecting trunks with scan contacts that remained in an open or closed state for more than a 24 hour period. It also provides for detection of any trunk on which a call was in progress for more than one hour. Such malfunctions are identified by TTY output messages.

Metering program

the metering program provides a means to measure traffic density through the office. Also measured is the application of reorder tone when such application is due to a system malfunction. The various metering modules are driven by the call processing and executive programs.

The metering program provides the following types of metering:

a. Overflow metering.

b. Call routing metering.

c. Call event metering.

d. Grade of service metering.

e. Reorder tone application metering.

Overflow Metering

Overflow metering measures the number of times a line busy condition exists from a selected group of local directory numbers. The count is taken each time a call termination attempt is made to one of these numbers.

Call Routing Metering

This function provides a count of the number of times specified traffic originations have been connected to specific traffic terminations. Lines and/or trunks may be counted.

Call Event Metering

The purpose of this metering is to count the number of times a given set of conditions occurs in the processing of a call through the system. The call event metering is driven by various call processing modules. Some of the events counted are:

a. Blocked call in the line matrix.

b. Call blocked by all register junctors busy.

c. Successful connection to register junctors.

d. Blocked calls in the selector group matrix.

Grade of Service Metering

Grade of service metering or, dial office administration, counts the ability of the system to switch calls through the network. A count is made of calls blocked in the switching matrices caused by all AB links busy. The grade of service metering module interfaces with the call processing program to acquire information necessary to perform this metering function.

Reorder Tone Application Metering

This metering function counts the number of times reorder tone is applied when caused by a system malfunction. The reorder tone metering function is driven by the call processing software so that various fault conditions resulting in reorder tone application initiate the count.

Input-Output Devices

The normal output of the metering program is via the high speed paper tape punch. The adminstrative teletypewriter may be used to output metering messages in response to an appropriate input request. The metering modules that require input parameters receive them via the high speed paper tape reader.

Maintenance program

the overall maintenance program consists of two major sections, having the capability of performing maintenance operations on the system and/or subsystem level. The maintenance program is composed of program modules and tables which are stored both in core and on drum.

This extensive maintenance software system is necessary to insure that the No. 1 EAX system meets its design goal of a maximum downtime of 1.5 hours in a 30 year period. The maintenance software needed to accomplish this goal makes up approximately 65 percent of the total software package.

That group of modules concerned with the overall control and service of system level maintenance functions is called common maintenance. Common maintenance programs have functions useful to most subsystem diagnostic programs but are not peculiar to any specific one. They provide centralized control to minimize interference among subsystem diagnostic functions.

The subsystem diagnostic program modules allow the hardware system to operate in the presence of faults and errors. They provide the following functions:

a. Malfunction detection.

b. Fault isolation (of a faulty unit).

c. Malfunction recovery and restart (after disturbances due to diagnostic testing or repairs).

d. Fault localization (to a location within a few circuit boards).

e. Repair verification (checking a "repaired" unit before placing it in service).

f. Routining (testing the capability of a subsystem or unit to perform certain tasks).

Common Maintenance

The major functions of the common maintenance are as follows:

a. Scheduling of subsystem diagnostics.

b. Reconfiguration of the system or subsystem.

c. Audits.

d. Power monitor scan of power failure detectors.

e. Central control of error counters.

f. Display lamp control.

g. Special analysis of TTY input messages.

The common maintenance programs have the capability of interfacing with each other and to the diagnostic subsystem programs. These common maintenance programs also interface with the executive program and the maintenance personnel in the office.

The common maintenance programs interface with each other and the subsystem maintenance programs via the normal interfaces of the executive, and the diagnostic control program (DIACON). When maintenance programs call DIACON (a common maintenance module) it will schedule these programs via the executive. DIACON uses a special indicator attached to the front of each of the executive's queues that permits control to be transferred from the executive to DIACON. This enables DIACON to gain control without the requirement of first having a work area. After DIACON receives control, it acquires a work area and schedules the requested program by using the executive's scheduler module.

The interface with the maintenance personnel is accomplished via requests from the MMC controls, TTY input messages, etc. This interface causes various common maintenance programs to be scheduled and effectively gives the maintenance man control of the system.

Part of the common maintenance software is a configuration control program (CONFIG) that exercises control over system status and configuration. This program performs the following major functions:

a. It receives requests for configuration changes. The requests come via TTY input, MCC pushbutton demands, diagnostic software, and power monitor scan software.

b. It determines if a configuration change can be made without affecting system availability.

c. It maintains a record of current system status in the system status table.

d. It performs all legal configuration changes that are requested, or calls the appropriate program to effect the change.

e. It provides for the appropriate TTY output which contains the configuration change information.

The maintenance interrupt and access program (MANIAC) and its associated tables provide centralized control over special processing of interrupts. This requirement is necessary because, during diagnostic functions, inadvertent or deliberate interrupts may occur. These interrupts must not be allowed to affect normal processing, therefore, the MANIAC program is used to provide the maintenance feature of allowing these interrupts to have special handling.

The system clear and start program (SYSCLR) provides centralized control for initializing or re-initializing the system/subsystem(s). The SYSCLR program is used initially (at cutover) to place the system into operation. It is also used to re-initialize the system on demand, and to recover the system (or subsystems) from malfunctions for which there are no other means of recovery and then return the system to normal processing.

The "audit" programs perform checks on significant software areas. The following are the areas checked:

a. The specially protected areas of read only core memory.

b. The linking of work areas to queues, call history tables, and hitching posts. (Hitching posts are one entry queues reserved for a particular system function.) All lost work areas will be returned to the appropriate size spare work area queue.

c. The MF sender and MF receiver assignment tables to compare the on-line/off-line, busy/idle software status to the actual hardware status.

d. the MANIAC tables to insure that they are being correctly used by the programs accessing them.

e. The system status table to insure that all data within the table is correct and that no illegal entries have been made.

f. The call history tables to verify that the software indication of each register junctor's off-line and busy status is consistent with its actual hardware status.

The audit programs also perform the following two timing checks:

a. The non-resident area audit of core memory to insure that a program does not maintain continuous control of the NRA. This software "time-out" feature allows a program to only occupy the NRA for a certain predetermined time. If this time is exceeded and certain other conditions are met, the system clear and start program will be called.

b. The input/output handler time-out audit to provide a software time-out check for each 1/0 device. This time-out check is required so that an 1/0 device does not hold up normal processing. If a device does not respond within a predetermined time, the appropriate 1/0 handler abort program is notified.

The power monitor scan program (PMSCAN) is used to reconfigure the system around any power failure that may occur. PMSCAN monitors the output lines from the office power alarm circuits via the power monitor adapter to ensure that all power conditions are reported to the system. If a power fault is detected in a particular unit, that unit is placed off-line by the configuration control program (CONFIG). CONFIG will update the system status table so that it will represent the current status of all units in the system.

The error count program (ERRCNT) provides centralized control over incrementing, reading out, or resetting of certain software counters. These "error" counters are used for reasons other than error counting. ERRCNT provides the requesting program with the ability of having their respective counters reset, read and printed out via TTY, or incremented and printed out via TTY upon overflow.

The lamplighter program (LMPLTR) provides software control over the lighting and extinguishing of the lamps associated with the maintenance display adapter of the maintenance display adapter of the maintenance control center (MCC). LMPLTR maintains the status of these lamps in a table in core memory. When a lamp is to be turned on or off, LMPLTR calls the MCC 1/0 handler program to perform this function. When a certain predetermined number of work area overload lamps are lit, the work area audit program (WARAUD) is scheduled via DIACON. WARAUD may call the system clear and start program under certain work area overload conditions.

The configuration pushbutton handler program (CNFPBH) provides the maintenance personnel with the capability of requesting reconfiguration of any of the subsystems from the maintenance and control center. Activating the applicable MCC pushbuttons will accomplish the reconfiguration via CONFIG. The CONFIG program will insure that both units of a pair are not taken out of service.

Subsystem Maintenance

The subsystem diagnostic programs that handle the faults and errors that occur in the system, and which permit the system to function in spite of these malfunctions are as follows:

a. Processor configuration group (PCG) diagnostic program.

b. Register-sender diagnostic program.

c. Markers and network diagnostic program.

d. Drum memory system diagnostic program.

e. 1/0 peripheral apparatus diagnostic programs.

f. Space divided equipment routining program.

In addition to the primary subsystem maintenance programs (malfunction detection, fault isolation, etc.) there are the routining and auditing programs. The malfunction detection, fault isolation, and fault recovery programs are handled quickly because call processing is inhibited during their execution. All the other subsystem maintenance programs are deferrable and are normally run intermixed with the call processing programs.

The malfunction detection programs respond to hardware detectors and provide for separation of faults and or errors, routining of seldomly used circuits, routining of malfunction detectors, and routining of space divided equipment. The fault isolation programs are used to determine which one of a pair of redundant units is faulty and to separate (isolate) the faulty unit from the rest of the system.

The malfunction recovery and restart program will return the hardware/software to normal operation after disturbances due to diagnostic testing or repairs. Fault localization programs are used to narrow down the location of the fault to a few circuit boards and provide a trouble report printout on the maintenance teletypewriter. The repair verification programs utilize combined diagnostic processes and are executed before returning a "repaired" unit to service.

A processor configuration group (PCG), consists of one each of the following computer complex units: central processor (CCP), memory control (CMC), core memory (CMM), and the priority interrupt and sense line circuits of the line processor (CLP). The PCG diagnostic program operates in response to hardware detected malfunctions. These malfunctions are primarily detected by the specially designed hardware of the computer third party circuit (CTP) which is used to insure the matching integrity of the duplexed PCG's.

When a PCG mismatch occurs, an isolation program will determine whether the malfunction was due to a fault or a transient error. The PCG mismatch caused what is known as a third party trap (level one). Both CCP's will be taken off-line, and therefore out of sync, when a level one trap occurs. The isolation program used to determine the fault (if a transient error was not the cause) will run both CCP's independent of one another through a set of the same diagnostic detection programs. These programs exercise all logic elements that could have caused the mismatch. The programs will return periodically with intermediate results to the CTP. A faulty unit is determined if an incorrect result occurs or if a diagnostic program fails to return for a check in either CCP.

The register-sender's isolation modules wll also be initiated by a hardware detected malfunction. The synchronized common logic units of the register-sender are compared by special hardware matching circuits to determine the faulty unit. Isolation is accomplished by analysis of data collected at the time of the non-comparison, by a RCC logic simulator (stored in the drum memory system) used as a third party element, or by exercising RS functions under software control. The fault localization software will find the general location of the fault and will then initiate a TTY trouble report output to inform the maintenance man at the MCC. The register-sender diagnostic program also includes special software used for monitoring troubles in space divided apparatus outside of the RS common control equipment (e.g., MF senders and receivers, RJ's, etc.). This special software contains system trouble monitors and busy/idle and configuration status indicators for the space divided apparatus.

The marker and network malfunctions are detected primarily by hardware contained within the markers. Hardware circuits take the affected marker out of service and an interrupt is generated which will cause the executive program to schedule the appropriate diagnostic program. The localization diagnostics are used to analyze faults in the markers.

The drum memory system diagnostic program operates in response to hardware detected malfunctions and software generated requests. It provides basis malfunction detection of parity checks, special drum timing checks, and special program segment marks. Isolation is performed via task retrys on the duplexed units. The fault localizing software finds the general location of the fault and will provide a TTY trouble report output. The DMS maintenance program also provides for data transfers and comparison checks between drums. Repair verification and routining software is also included in this program.

The I/O peripheral apparatus diagnostic programs are initiated by various hardware detected malfunctions. The I/O maintenance program includes diagnostics on the computer channel multiplexor and its associated controllers (TDB, MDB, CDB AND CCR). Special diagnostic software is provided for the unique features of the peripherals. This software is used with the automatic peripherals (ticketing scanner unit and magnetic tape unit) and the manual interactive peripherals (teletypewriter, paper tape reader and punch, and the maintenance and control center displays and pushbuttons).

The space divider equipment routining provides test connections to space divided equipment (lines, outgoing trunks, junctors, senders, and receivers) to allow for manual testing. It also provides for automatic routining of this space divided equipment. Another feature of the space divided routining program is to provide for a metallic path for testing via an incoming remote test trunk. Routining requests from remote locations are provided for via a special incoming line.

The manual testing of space divided equipment is accomplished by a testman via controls on the MCC.

The automatic routining of space divided equipment is primarily performed by the maintenance routining logic (MRL) hardware of the MCC and its associated software. During and/or after testing, the MRL sends data (such as test status and test results) to the CCP. The diagnostics performed on the space divided equipment can be initiated by detection of an error, a request via the TTY to perform a specified routine, or the routine may be periodically scheduled by the timed routine scheduler module (L18).

Testing from a remote location (via additional testing equipment) can provide the following features in addition to manual and automatic routining:

a. Initiate single shot and repetitive automatic tests.

b. Initiate requests for system status or configuration reports.

c. Receive teletypewriter printouts of maintenance test data, system status, etc.

d. Perform manual tests on customer lines.

Data base

the data base contains all of the stored table data used by the system such as specific office data, translation data, etc. The data is stored in data processing unit core memory and on the drum memory.

The data base contains all of the stored table data used by the system such as specific office data, translationdata, etc. The data is stored in data processing unit core memory and on the drum memory.

Office data is stored in tables and may be core or drum resident. The tables consist of a field or fields of data which are retrieved together and are contained in a single physical table. The following represents the types of data contained within the data base:

a. A series of data tables which contain variable data peculiar to each office (directory numbers, code translations, routing instructions, etc.).

b. Engineerable data concerning hardware configurations (i.e. line and selector matrix grading).

The following represents the type of variable data needed for an office. This type of information is normally supplied by the operating telephone company.

a. Line number identity.

b. Incoming trunk group identity.

c. Terminating classification.

d. Originating routing types.

e. Foreign numbering plan area.

f. Directory numbers.

g. Ringing mode (Frequency and line side).

h. Type of station apparatus (dial or DTMF).

i. Blocking of supervision on answer.

Organization

The data that appears on the drum and in core is arranged in a logical pattern. A drum layout typical arrangement has the drum divided into 18 segments. The core image (a duplication of the information in certain areas of core for reliability reasons) is found in the first 31/2 segments. The remaining 31/2 segments contains programs. Variable data, such as information pertaining to ticketing, is contained in segment 8. Segments 10 to 18 contain the translation data. A portion of segment 7 and segment 9 are spare areas.

FIG. 48 illustrates a typical organization of core memory. The patch areas shown are used in debugging operations. The constant data, is data that remains unchanged during the life of the program. The parameter data provides input to various programs so they may be properly run. The variable data consists of data that is held temporarily during processing; this information is held in a work area. The drum control unit initialization area contains tables of data that are used to enable transfer of other data between the drum and the core memory and between the core memory and the drum.

System update program.

the purpose of the system update program is to allow the permanent data associated with the system to be modified, when required, and to provide a means to add new information to the stored data. Whenever a hardware change is made to an office, usually the data base will require an update; also, the addition of new customer's lines to the office and any changes in service require an update. These changes are accomplished by means of the system update program. The office administration program permits the following changes:

a. Adding new information to the system.

b. Modifying information already in the system.

c. Deleting information in the system.

To make any required modifications or changes to the system, the system update program is activated by an input via the:

a. High speed paper tape reader (HSPTR)

b. Low speed paper tape reader (LSPTR)

c. Office administrative teletypewriter (LOAT)

The system update program consists of 10 modules to accomplish its required task, that is, keeping all stored office information current.

In updating the office, various checks are required on the data supplied, such as limit checks on numeric data and reasonability checks on alphabetic data. Also checked is the quantity of data received to see that it is sufficient to program a successful update.

When the data is loaded into the system (via tape or teletypewriter) for the update, the program initializes this data, or converts it in form, so that it may be interpreted by the program. The data is then checked and analyzed, as mentioned previously, for errors and quantity of information provided.

If new information is being loaded, the program checks to see that the required number of storage locations are available for the data. If it is desired to remove information already in storage, a program module will zero all information existing in the location specified by the update request.

The program is capable of changing information in storage as indicated by the update request. The data is transferred to one drum for both core and drum resident data. A drum-to-drum transfer is then made to equalize the data between drums, and also to equalize the core data.

A punched paper tape of the new data is supplied by a module for office back up purposes. The tape may also be used to remove the update entered, via an input device.

Debugging techniques program

the debugging techniques program provides a means to locate troubles within the software programs. The program is not run automatically, but must be activated by office personnel.

The program has the ability to provide selective dumps of information existing in core, drum, register-sender or sense lines. The information is outputted on the administrative teletypewriter and analyzed to see that the information present is as it should be. Any program, at any point in the program, may be selected for dumping.

The program is enabled by an input set instruction, which specifies what is to be dumped and under what conditions it is to be provided. At specified points in the field program called breakpoints, which are variable and defined by the input instructions, the debugging techniques subprogram checks for the previously mentioned conditions and produces an information dump when the conditions are satisfied. Two types of breakpoints are available, hardware or software.

A computer programming console (PRCF) provides thumbwheel type switches for setting the address of the breakpoints. The hardware will now give control to the debugging techniques subprogram via an interrupt when the instruction at the address specified by the thumbwheel switches is executed. Software breakpoints are inserted into the program by the debugging techniques subprogram; this subprogram gains control when the instruction at the specified address is to be executed. The input set instruction is inputted via the teletypewriter.

EXECUTIVE PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

General

this section describes the Executive Program, the program used to provide centralized supervision and control over the operation of the Data Processor Unit (DPU) hardware and over the execution of maintenance and application programs. The Executive Program is a part of the Field Program and is a major portion of the system software.

The purposes of this section are:

1. To identify the generic programs and tables that make up the Executive Program.

2. To describe the major functions of the "executive" and the individual functions of the associated program modules and tables.

Organization

the Executive Program (executive) provides a proper operating environment for execution of the ticketing, metering, and call processing application programs and for the maintenance programs. To accomplish this, the executive schedules the use of the central processor and its associated memory, and utilizes a priority interrupt system for efficient hardware operation.

The executive is used as a means of linking application programs. The executive contains program modules that are used to communicate with input/output (I/O) devices such as the teletypewriters, paper tape devices, magnetic drums, etc. These program modules schedule the operation of the devices and perform various I/O functions upon request from the application programs. The I/O devices associated with the system are shown in FIG. 35.

Most real time systems have a scheduling routine which looks at the groups of programs waiting in line (in queues) to be run, and decides, according to a priority system, which program will be processed next. This scheduling routine obtains control whenever the program currently running relinquishes its control of the computer. In this system, the program module which performs this function is called the DPU Scheduler (E/1).

A "queue scan" routine is entered whenever an application program ends and the decision of which program to run next has to be made. By interrogating the queues, the queue scan routine determines the application program having the highest software priority, and passes control to this program. The scanning of queues is another function of the DPU Checuler (E.phi.1).

The Executive Program consists of a group of modules which exercise software control over the Data Processor Unit and its associated I/O equipment, and also over execution of the application and maintenance programs. To provide this capability, the executive schedules DPU time, the use of various areas of core memory (work areas), and the processing of interrupt signals from the I/0 devices. These interrupt signals control the introduction of new tasks into the system via the I/0 devices.

The Executives Program modules access various tables in core memory and drum memory. Some of these tables (FIT, FII, FMA, etc.) are considered part of the executive, while others such as the Call History Table (CHT) and the Program Locator Table (PLT) are accessed by several other programs, and are not considered part of the executive.

Queuing

As part of a basic understanding of the Executive Program scheduling process, a knowledge of queue structure is necessary. The queue structure consists of two parts: the entries in the queue and the queue root. The queue entries are work areas which are assigned to specific programs. Each queue has a unique queue root associated with it. This queue root consists of a six word table located in computer core memory.

A standard queue root format is shown in FIG. 49. An explanation of the information contained in each queue root word follows:

a. Word .phi. (Bits 0-14) contains the address of the first word of the first entry in the queue. If there are no entries in the queue at this time, these bits will be set to zeroes.

b. Word 1 (Bits 0-14) contains the address of the first word of the last entry in the queue. If there are no entries in the queue, these bits indicate the address of the first word of the next queue root.

c. Word 2 (Bits 0-23) contains the number of entries currently remaining in the queue.

d. Word 3 (Bits 0-23) contains the total number of entries that have even been linked to the queue.

e. Word 4 (Bits 0-23) contains the total number of times that entries were linked to the queue after it was emptied.

f. Word 5 (Bits 0-23) contains the maximum number of entries that the current queue length attained.

For this discussion of the operation of the executive, the first three entries are the most important. Words .phi. and 1 are used to link the queue root to the first and last entries in the queue. Word 2 represents the number of work area linked to the queue. Words 3 through 5 contain statistics used to determine how well the queue is performing.

FIG. 50 shows how work areas can be linked to each other in a queue. The method of linking uses the least significant fifteen bits of the first word of each entry. The first word of the queue root points to the address of the first entry in the queue, and the first word of the first entry points to the address of the second entry, the second entry points to the third, etc. The last entry, since it has no work area to point to, will contain all zeroes in its first word.

Work Areas

Work areas are sections of computer core memory used for intermediate storage of data during the processing of application programs. These work areas are divided into six sizes, which are 8, 16, 26, 38, 64, and 100 words in length. The quantity provided of each size is determined by the size of the system. Work areas are said to be residing in their "spare queues" when they are not assigned to any particular program.

Before the executive can schedule an application program module to be run, the program must request and obtain a work area. When the work area is assigned to the program, it will remain so until the required task is completed. When it is no longer needed, the work area is released. This action effectively places the work area back into its appropriate spare queue.

When requesting a work area, the caller (requesting program) must specify the proper size. The Executive Program then assigns a work area of the proper size (if available) to the requesting program.

The queue size data is placed in the Work Area Type indicator field of word .phi. (FIG. 4). Bits 0-14 of this same word contain the core address of the next program on that priority level to be processed.

Word 1 indicates the next program to schedule and its priority. Word 2 contains the identity of the program presently using the work area. Word 3 contains the identity and priority of the program to be run in case the program presently using the work area encounters trouble. Word 4 is used to indicate a particular RS pair and RJ identity. Bits 15-20 of word 4 are error indicators related to the various I/0 programs. Word 5 contains the address of the Call History Table entry associated with the RJ specified in word 4.

See FIG. 51, which shows the following fields in the first six words of a work area:

Lkc -- linkage control used to link the work areas to queues

Typ -- work area type (size) indicator indicating the proper work area queue to which the spare work area is to be returned

Npg -- identifies the next program module to be scheduled

Eln -- indicates the entry line number of the program specified in bits 0-14

Pri -- indicates the absolute priority in which to run the task identified in bits 0-14

Tpf -- identifies the program presently using the work area

Tel -- indicates the entry line number of the program specified in the TPF field

Fep -- identifies the program to be scheduled for forced exits (Error Program)

Fel -- indicates the entry line number of the Error Program

Fpr -- indicates the absolute priority in which to run the Error Program

Rji -- indicates the particular RJ associated with a call (when the work area is used for call processing)

Cht -- indicates the address of the entry in the Call History Table associated with a particular RJ

Software Priority Structure

The allocation of central processor (CP) time to various application programs is accomplished by eight software priority levels. These levels are 0 through 7, with level 0 the highest and level 7 the lowest. The executive attempts to service all CP time requests in priority level 0 before servicing those on level 1. Similarly, priority level 1 requests are handled before those on level 2, etc.

Any one of the eight levels of priority may be assigned to a program. Since only one program can be running at any instant, the eight priority levels provide the executive with the ability to schedule the processing of the most important programs first. For example, isolation programs for major system malfunctions are given the highest priority (level 0), and the routining maintenance programs are given the lowest priorities (levels 5 6, and 7).

Certain guidelines have been formulated to generalize the assignment of programs to specific priority levels. These priority allocations are as follows:

a. Level 0 -- castastrophic situation processing.

b. Levels 1 and 2 -- general maintenance programs.

c. Levels 3 and 4 -- call processing, ticketing, and metering programs. The Watch Dog Timer Manipulator Module (L4.phi.) is scheduled on Level 4.

d. Levels 5, 6, and 7 -- routining and miscellaneous programs.

Priority Interrupt Levels

There are eight hardware priority interrupt levels associated with the central processor. These eight interrupt levels are of a higher priority than the eight software priority levels. Therefore, the lowest hardware interrupt level is higher than the highest software priority level.

The executive has the ability to identify any interrupt causes and transfer control to modules which service these causes. The eight hardware interrupt levels and their primary causes are listed below:

a. Level 1 -- manual input requests from the attention key of the teletypewriters, power failure indications from the voltage monitors and power alarms, status and configuration control panel inputs, CCP/CTP configuration changes, and DDT matches.

b. Level 2 -- drum control unit, computer memory control, computer communication register, and ticketing device buffer (TDB) errors; register-sender faults; and originating marker and terminating marker malfunction alarm indicators.

c. Level 3 -- timed interrupts from the main and standby real time clocks every 16.67 milliseconds, and ready interrupts from the TDB's.

d. Level 4 -- ready interrupts from the computer communication registers.

e. Level 5 -- ready interrupts from the drum control units.

f. Level 6 -- 1/0 error interrupts from the computer device buffers (CDB's).

h. Level 8 -- register-sender error count and system trouble interrupts, general alarm errors (main clock, standby clock, etc.), and computer line processor errors.

The executive controls the cause identification and the processing of multiple simultaneous interrupts that occur, regardless of the interrupt levels involved. The executive provides for returning control to the interrupted program after all interrupt processing is complete.

When an interrupt occurs, the executive Register Stacking Module (F13) saves the contents of the computer central processors index registers (X1, X2, and X3), the contents of the A and Q registers, and that of the four pseudo registers (in core memory). When interrupt processing is completed, the F13 module restores the contents of the registers and returns control to the interrupted program at the calling location plus one.

Traps

In addition to the eight level interrupt system, there are two levels of hardware priority traps. These trap levels have a higher priority than any of the interrupt levels.

The level 1 or third party trap occurs when there is a mismatch between the duplexed central processors or the memory control units during synchronous operation. When a third party trap occurs, the instruction in process is completed, and the active CCP is forced to a dedicated location (address) in main memory. A third party trap program located at this address is used to determine the cause of the trap. The Executive Program does not become involved with third party traps.

Level 2 trap identification and processing is controlled by the Executive Program. Such traps are caused by internal errors that occur in one central processor during simplex operation, or simultaneously in both central processors during synchronous operation. A level 2 trap signal will be generated by one or both CCP's by any of the following:

a. Data even parity error -- occurs when even parity (rather than odd) is detected from computer core main memory, the register-sender, or the channel multiplexor.

b. Instruction even parity error -- occurs when even parity is detected while reading a new instruction from memory.

c. Division by zero -- occurs during a division instruction when the divisior is detected as being all zeros.

d. Invalid operation code -- occurs when the decode of the instruction operation field detects one of the following invalid codes: 00, 27, or 63.

e. Memory reference time-out -- occurs when one of the memory reference signals (main or register-sender memories) remains true for more than 140 microseconds.

f. Port seven error -- occurs when the central processor attempts to access memory out of range, or when it attempts to write into "read only memory."

Note: if, during synchronous operation, an error occurs causing a level 2 trap signal to be generated by only one CCP, the Computer Third Party Circuit (CTP) will generate a third party trap and the level 2 trap signal will be ignored.

Level 2 trap causes (a) and (i b) result in a retry of the instruction. Causes (c), (d),(e), and (f), or failure of an (a) and (b) retry, result in a transfer to the System Clear and Start Program.

Program Linkage

The program modules of the executive, and also those modules associated with other programs, contain one or more entry lines. These lines serve as entry points into a program module. They are selected for the various functions they provide. Each module may have a maximum of eight entry lines. Linkage between application programs is via these entry lines and by the use of branch instructions (BUN, BSP, etc.).

The linking mechanism involves two vector tables, The Program Locator Table (PLT), and the Entry Line Locator Table (ELT). PLT is used as a pointer to an address in the ELT associated with the first entry of a specified core resident program.

PLT is also used to locate entry lines for drum resident programs. In such cases, the ELT is actually part of the program rather than a separate table in the core memory. The ELT is located at the beginning of each program read from drum and is referenced by the executive at this location.

When a program is coded, it is not necessary to know whether the program is core or drum resident because linkage from one program to another can be established by using a macro. A macro is a group of instructions which takes the identity of the requested program and its entry line address, and transfers directly to the requested program providing both the requesting and requested programs are core resident. If either program is not core resident the macro schedules the linkage through the DPU Scheduler Module.

Functional description

this part briefly describes the five major functions of the executive and the major program modules associated with these functions. Some program modules are common to more than one major function such as those that "link" and "unlink" the work areas from the spare queues. Refer to Table EX1 as a reference to the titles of the major executive modules.

The primary objective of the Executive Program is to provide an orderly and efficient means of utilizing system hardware for processing application and maintenance programs. To accomplish this, the executive provides control over the following system functions:

a. Scheduling of central processor time on a priority basis.

b. Distribution of interrupt requests to the appropriate interrupt processors.

c. Detection and handling of level 2 traps.

TABLE EX1 ______________________________________ MAJOR EXECUTIVE MODULES GROUPED ACCORDING TO FUNCTION MODULE FUNCTION NUMBER MODULE NAME ______________________________________ E.phi.1 DPU SCHEDULER CENTRAL E.phi.6 QUEUE INTERROGATION PROCESSOR F.phi.2 LINK TO QUEUE CONTROL F.phi.3 UNLINK FROM QUEUE F.phi.4 WORK AREA ASSIGNMENT F.phi.5 WORK AREA RETURN E1.phi. TRAP 2 CAUSE ANALYSIS F13 REGISTER STACKING INTERRUPT F34 OM STANDBY INTERRUPT PROCESSOR AND TRAP E21-28 INTERRUPT CAUSE AND ANALYSIS CONTROL F51 RS INTERRUPT PROCESSOR F52 MARKER MALFUNCTION INTERRUPT HANDLER F58 TTY USE REQUEST INTERRUPT PROCESSOR E2.phi. HOT SENSE LINE FINDER F32B CCR READY INTERRUPT HANDLER E.phi.2 INTERVAL TIMER REQUEST ACCEPTOR E.phi.3 INTERVAL TIMER HANDLER TIMING E.phi.4 INTERVAL TIMER INTERRUPT PROCESSOR CONTROL E.phi.5 REAL TIME CLOCK E.phi.8 REAL TIME CLOCK INITIATE AND UPDATE E.phi.9 MINUTES TIMER F.phi.1 RS TIMING INTERLOCK DRUM F35 MANIPULATOR INPUT/OUTPUT F29 DRUM SCHEDULER DEVICE F30 DRUM HANDLER CONTROL F40 DRUM HANDLER SUBROUTINE F41 DRUM HANDLER SUBROUTINE E07 BLOCK LOAD/STORE COMPUTER COMMUNICATION REGISTER F31 CCR SCHEDULER F32A CCR HANDLER F36 CCR SUBROUTINE 1 F38 CCR SUBROUTINE 2 F14 CHT ADDRESS CALCULATOR F33 RJ TRANSLATOR F37 CCR ERROR ISOLATION AND RECOVERY F39 CCR LOAD/UNLOAD TTY/PAPER TAPE AND TICKETING EQUIPMENT F.phi.6 INPUT MESSAGE ANALYSIS F.phi.7 OUTPUT FORMAT F.phi.8 RS ACCESS F1.phi. PRINTOUT INHIBIT F22 PAPER TAPE IDENTIFICATION F25 I/O INTERRUPT DISTRIBUTOR F26 I/O SCHEDULER F27 I/O HANDLER F28 TAPE CONTROL F23 HOURLY PRINTOUT F15 INTERNAL TO ASCII F16 PARITY CALCULATOR F17 CHARACTER PACKING AND DELETION F18 CHARACTER UNPACKING F19 ASCII TO INTERNAL F2.phi. NUMERICA CONVERSION F21 COMMON NUMERIC CONVERSION F72 TICKETER SCANNER I/O HANDLER F73 MAGNETIC TAPE SCHEDULER F74 MAGNETIC TAPE HANDLER F.phi.9 MATRIX GROUP IDENTIFICATION F11 INDIVIDUAL MATRIX IDENTIFICATION F6.phi. CHT AUDIT F61 SENDER/RECEIVER AUDIT F7.phi. PRIVILEDGED INSTRUCTION WRITER ______________________________________

d. Timing of system programs and events.

e. Scheduling and handling of input/output device operations.

Central Processor Control

To fulfill its function of controlling the central processor, the executive schedules the execution of programs within the confines of an eight level software system. It also provides the ability for application programs to schedule other programs.

If a program scheduled to be run is core resident, it is simply started. If the program selected is drum resident, it must be brought into core memory before it can be run. The area of core memory available for the execution of drum resident programs is called the Non-Resident Area (NRA). Because there is only one such area available, a second drum resident program cannot be processed until the one currently being executed is completed, and control of the NRA has been relinquished.

The scheduling philosphy is:

a. Give the most important job in the system to the computer.

b. Once a task is begun, allow it to be completed, (excluding processing interrupt and trap causes).

c. Once the NRA is loaded, place the drum program residing in it into the first position in the highest priority queue (.phi.).

The scheduling duties of the executive are primarily handled by the DPU Scheduler Module (E.phi.1) (see FIGS. 52a-52e). There are five major functional sections or entry lines associated with the DPU Scheduler. These entry lines and their applications are as follows:

a. ACCEPT -- Schedules program modules that require control to be passed back to the requesting program.

b. RELEAS -- This section is used by programs that have completed their processing and want to return control to the central processor so that it can perform other scheduled duties.

c. RESKED -- This section is used if a group of modules are scheduled consecutively using the same work area at the same priority. RESKED is also used when a work area overload occurs and it is necessary to reschedule a work area request.

d. RELOAD -- This section is used by two-part programs, where both parts are drum resident. It permits the program to be run without being broken. The first part of a two part NRA program is read off the drum, placed into NRA, and executed. When this part has been processed (at priority .phi.), the second half of the program is scheduled at the same priority, and control of the NRA is retained. This eliminates the possibility of interleaving the parts of several non-resident programs of the same priority.

e. TIME -- This section is entered any time a program relinquishes control of the central processor. TIME scans the eight software queues and gives control to a program according to the highest priority. In addition, this entry line is used to schedule drum resident programs to be read into the NRA. TIME calls the Data Manipulator Module (F35) to perform a drum to NRA transfer.

Supplementary program modules are used in conjunction with the DPU Scheduler. These modules perform functions such as linking and unlinking the programs contained in the priority queues. Other modules assign work areas from the spare queues and return them to spare status when they are no longer needed. See FIG. 53.

A work area (WA) is assigned to a requesting program by the Work Area Assignment Module (F.phi.4). The work area address is then passed to the DPU Scheduler to be placed into a queue at a specific numeric priority. If the desired size work area is not available in the spare WA queue, a maintenance program lights a WORK AREA OVERFLOW lamp on the maintenance and control console as an indication of a work area overload. The WA assignment program then looks for the next larger size WA. If again, none is available, another overflow lamp lights and this procedure continues until an available WA is found. If there are none available, control is passed to the RESKED entry line of E.phi.1, or back to the calling program. This choice is a programming consideration and is determined by the calling program.

If a program is to relinquish control of the central processor, it must pass control to the RELEAS section of the DPU Scheduler. RELEAS then returns the work area to the appropriate spare work area queue using the Work Area Return and the Link to Queue supplementary program modules (F.phi.5 and F.phi.2, respectively).

If a work area has to be removed from other than the front or the back of a queue, the Queue Interrogation Module (E.phi.6) is used. This module (FIG. 54) can locate and/or remove any entry from a specified queue. Since this module functions as a closed subroutine, it always returns control to the calling program.

Interrupt Control

Each of the eight hardware interrupt levels is associated with certain interrupt processors, such as the RS Interrupt Processor (F51), are part of the executive, while others, such as the maintenance interrupt processors, are not.

The Interrupt Cause and Analysis Program (ICAP) modules, E21 through E28, act as an interface between the interrupts and the interrupt processors. The processors schedule the appropriate program to handle the cause of the interrupt.

The ICAP modules receive and process the eight levels of interrupts; module E21 receives level 1 interrupts, E22 receives level 2 interrupts, and so on to E28. FIG. 55 shows a level 1 interrupt (Maintenance Teletypewriter Input Request) being processed by E21. The E21 module stores the address of the interrupted program. The Register Stacking Module (F13) saves the contents of the central processor registers. Its function is to prevent loss of the data contains within the A and Q registers, the index registers (X1, X2, and X3), and the four pseudo registers.

The E21 module obtains the sense group image of the sense lines that cause a level 1 interrupt. It uses closed subroutine E2.phi. (Hot Sense Line Finder) to determine the identity of the "hot" sense line in the group. This sense line identifies the hardware system causing the interrupt (in this case, the maintenance TTY).

ICAP module E21 then calls the Maintenance Interrupt Access Program (MANIAC) to see if the interrupt was caused by a maintenance routining program. If this is the case, MANIAC instructs ICAP to ignore the interrupt since it was not valid, and control is returned to the interrupted program.

Assuming that the interrupt is valid, E21 passes control to the TTY Use Request Interrupt Processor (F58). F58 determines the identity of the TTY making the request, schedules the Input Message Analysis Program (F.phi.6) to initiate the I/O operation (via the ACCEPT entry line of E.phi.1), and then passes control back to ICAP. The Register Stacking Module restores the registers to their original state and returns to the interrupted program. Before exiting to the requesting program, ICAP resets the interrupt (sense line) that was just processed.

A variety of interrupt processors and handlers are used by ICAP to process the different types of hardware interrupts. In addition, there are various supplimentary modules used to accomplish interrupt processing. These modules are called as closed subroutines and must return control to the calling interrupt processor or handler after performing their required tasks. The processor then returns control to ICAP which passes control to the interrupted program at the point of interruption.

The subroutines used by the interrupt processors must be core resident, as the time required to read them from the drum (8 ms. average) would be too long. In addition, the non-resident area of core may be busy at the time of the interrupt, thus preventing the program from being brought in from drum.

The F32x/3 entry line of the CCR Ready Interrupt Handler Module (F32B) is used when a ready interrupt is generated by the Computer Communication Register (CCR) after two words are received from an Originating Marker (OM). A CCR ready interrupt (level 4) causes the ICAP module E24 to call F32x/3. FIG. 56 shows a diagram of F32B and its major subroutines.

The CCR Ready Interrupt Handler:

a. determines if the interrupt came from the A or B unit (CCR A or CCR B),

b. determines the work area associated with the interrupt request,

c. determines if the interrupt request was sent successfully,

d. schedules maintenance routines (if necessary) via ACCEPT,

e. determines if the message was received successfully, and

f. determines if the request is for an originating or terminating marker.

The RRJ Translation Module (F33) is used by F32x.phi.3 during line or trunk call originations to determine the register junctor handling the call. F33x.phi.1 is entered to perform the translation of the data frame sent by the OM to the CCR when a line or trunk call origination occurs. This module translates the line matrix R outlet identity (LRO) for line call originations, or trunk register matrix B outlet identity (TBO) for trunk call originations into the corresponding register junctor identity (RJI).

The Call History Table Address Calculator Module (F14) is called by F32x.phi.3 (if the translation by F33 was successful) to calculate the CHT address from the RRJ identity. F32x.phi.3 calls F.phi.1x01 to access the RRJ slot and will then use ACCEPT to schedule call processing module C.phi.1x.phi.1 (the first call processing module to be run).

To complete the interrupt handling procedure and to disconnect the CCR from the marker, F32B calls the CCR Handler (F32A). The F32A module returns to F32B when completed and control is then returned to ICAP (E24). ICAP restores the registers and returns control to the interrupted program.

Trap Control

The Executive Program handles only level 2 traps, as shown in FIG. 57. The Trap Two Cause Analysis Module (E1.phi.) is the computer's internal error processing program. A level 2 trap is caused by any one of the errors listed under the heading Traps, paragraph on level 2. Recognition of this trap is immediate and the instruction in process is aborted.

The Trap Two Cause Analysis Module (E1.phi.) passes control for nearly all trap two causes to the System Clear and Start (L16) maintenance program. For instruction even parity errors (IEPE) and data even parity errors (DEPE), E1.phi. will call the Parity Recovery Program (S3.phi.), a maintenance program) to determine if the trap was caused by a transient error. If so, the system will return to normal processing. If the parity error was definitely caused by a fault, the System Clear and Start Program will be called to reinitialize the system. This program is run when any unrecoverable system errors occur.

When System Clear and Start is called, it clears out all sybsystems and places them in an idle state, and clears out all interrupts stored by the central processors. To return the system to normal processing again, the L16 module reinitializes core main memory (CMM), enables the interrupt system, and restores the subsystems to an operational condition.

Timing Control

The information contained in paragraphs below describes the timing control functions of the executive modules. These modules allow the application and maintenance programs to time certain functions, schedule other programs at various time intervals, and be executed themselves at specified time intervals.

Timing control provides the capability of timing various events that are requested to be run at specific times. An example of this is the scheduling of the Non-Resident Area Audit Program (L39), which is run every minute to verify that a program is not improperly occupying the non-resident area of core main memory. The timing control modules provide interval timing and the initiation of requested actions when the intervals elapse.

The Interval Timer Request Acceptor Module (E02) accepts timing requests by placing them into a general timer queue. Of the time interval requests in the general timer queue, the first interval in the queue is the one being timed at that particular moment. There is a 40 year software clock in the main memory that provides current time. This clock is initiated at cutover and provides current time which is used as a basis for placing interval timer requests into the general timer queue.

Timing control maintains a software clock called the real time clock. The real time clock (RTC) is used by application and maintenance programs to provide the time of day in hours, minutes, and seconds. It also provides the year, month, day of the month, and day of the week. The Real Time Clock Program Module (E/5) maintains the five counters that comprise the RTC, which is in a binary coded decimal (BCD) format. E05 updates the RTC and resets its counters at the appropriate times (FIG. 58).

A level 3 interrupt is received by ICAP module E23 every 16.67 ms. which causes E23 to call the Interval Timer Interrupt Processor Module (E/4). See FIG. 59. This action provides a standard time interval that is used to produce other intervals required by various timing programs. These intervals are all multiples of 16.67 ms. The following are some of the programs initiated by E/4:

a. The Diagnostic Control (DIACON) Maintenance Program Timer Module (L22X.phi.7) every 16.67 ms.

b. The Real Time Clock Program (E.phi.5) every second (60 - 16.67 ms. intervals).

c. The Minutes Timer Program (E/9) every minute (3620 - 16.67 ms. intervals).

d. The Non-Resident Area Audit Program (L39) every minute (3620 - 16.67 ms. intervals).

e. The I/O Time-Out Audit Program (L52) every 167 ms. (10 - 16.67 ms. (10 - 16.67 ms. intervals).

f. The Interval Timer Handler Program (E.phi.3) which is called by E.phi.4 at the expiration of a requested time interval (a variable number of 16.67 ms. intervals).

g. The Ticketing Hardware Validation Program (W.phi.1) every 2.4 seconds (144 - 16.67 ms. intervals).

In FIG. 59, which shows the primary timing modules, the Interval Timer Interrupt Processor (E.phi.4) is shown as the heart of the timing functions. After the required number of 16.67 ms. intervals have elapsed, E.phi.4 calls the appropriate program. When E.phi.4 has completed its functions, it returns control to E23.

E.phi.4 calls the Real Time Clock Program after every one second interval has elapsed in order to update the system real time clock. This update is performed to provide the application programs with an accurate indication of the time.

As shown in FIG. 58, the Real Time Clock Module calls the Timed Routine Scheduler (TRS) maintenance program (L18) every hour. One of the modules that the TRS controls is the Hourly Printout Routine (F23). This module permits the time of day and the date to be outputted on both the maintenance and office administration teletypewriters.

The Interval Timer Request Acceptor (E.phi.2) is used to place timing requests from application programs into the general timer queue. If a program is to be run at a specified time, it calls E.phi.2. This module places the shortest interval requests at the front of the timer queue so that they may be processed first (FIG. 60). If a request is to be placed on the front or rear of the queue, the Link to Queue Module (F.phi.2) is used. For any timing requests that are to be placed somewhere between the first and last entries, E.phi.2 will not require F.phi.2.

If entry line E.phi.2X.phi.1 is entered, the exit will be back to the caller. If entry line E.phi.2X.phi.3 was used, the exit will be to the executive's TIME routine. E.phi.1X.phi.4 will then scan the CPU queues for the next task.

The interval Timer Handler's E.phi.3X.phi.1 entry line is entered from E.phi.4 at the expiration of the general interval timer (FIG. 61). The general interval timer is a counter that can be set to any requested time. For example, if a program is to be run in two minutes, the request is placed on the timer queue and when the two minute interval has expired, E.phi.4 will call E.phi.3X.phi.1 to handle the request. E.phi.3X.phi.1 will use F.phi.3X.phi.1 to remove the entry from the timer queue. This entry indicates to set a specified flag in memory, to transfer control direct to a specified entry line, or to schedule a program by using the ACCEPT entry line of E.phi.1. After the requested action has been taken, F.phi.5X.phi.1 is called to return the work area to the spare queue. E.phi.3X.phi.1 will then calculate the next interval to be timed. It will also set the timer to idle if no intervals are to be timed.

The E.phi.3X.phi.2 entry line is called from a program that wants to remove a request for a time interval before that interval has expired. E.phi.3X.phi.2 uses routine E.phi.6X.phi.3 to locate the entry to be removed from the timer queue. E.phi.6X.phi.5 is used to perform the entry removal before timer expiration. The Queue Interrogation Module (E.phi.6) is shown in FIG. 54.

Both E.phi.3X.phi.1 and E.phi.3X.phi.2 are called as closed subroutines. E.phi.4 receives control again after routine E.phi.3X.phi.1 has completed, and control is returned to the caller of routine E.phi.3X.phi.2 after the requested entry has been removed from the timer queue. The work area used for a timing request regardless of whether action was taken or the interval was aborted, will be returned to the spare queues by F.phi.5X.phi.1 (FIG. 53).

A timing function used to provide an interlock when accessing register-sender memory is accomplished by modules F.phi.8 and F.phi.1 (see FIGS. 62 and 63). F.phi.8 (the Register-Sender Access Module) and F.phi.1 (the Register-Sender Timing Interlock Module) are used to provide access to RS memory so that accidental alteration of the memory data cannot occur.

The F.phi.8 module is called by the call processing programs via entry line F.phi.8X.phi.1 to permit writing into RS memory. It uses F.phi.1X.phi.1 to provide an interlock between the DPU and the RS memory. Any data in a register junctor (RRJ) memory slot is protected against alteration by the DPU as a function of the F.phi.1X.phi.1 entry line.

When an RRJ slot is to be accessed by the CPU, F.phi.1X.phi.1 determines the amount of time remaining before the RS will scan the slot. From the input parameters received from the calling program, it knows the number of time slots required to modify the data within a particular RRJ (approximately 50 microseconds per slot). If enough time remains before the RS scan reaches the RRJ, control will be returned to F.phi.8 to permit the DPU to access the slot. The interrupts to the computer central processor (CCP) are disabled upon return to F.phi.8 to insure that F.phi.8 has the full time interval for its update.

If insufficient time is available to update, control is retained by F.phi.1 until the scan has passed the slot. At this time, the F.phi.1 Time Interlock Module will try again. Retries will continue until an interlock is obtained (600 tries are maximum).

The F.phi.8 .phi.2 entry line (FIG. 62 is used by maintenance programs for read and write requests. There are three functions performed by this routine. The first is to write from the work area into the RS memory, the second is to write from RS memory into the work area, and the third is a read/modify/write RS memory operation. This entry line also used F.phi.1 to prevent interference with the RS scan of the RRJ's. The exits of F.phi.8 are either back to the caller or to the Call Condition Analysis Program (C29).

As shown in FIG. 63, the exit points for F.phi.1X.phi.1 are either back to the caller for normal operations, or to the caller's error return in the case of an RS fault or RRJ trouble. The exit point for all programs calling F.phi.1X.phi.2 is back to the caller.

The watch dog timer (WDT) prevents software looping. If a program has control of the central processor for over 882 ms., the watch dog timer times out and a system clear and start is initiated by the Computer Third Party Circuit (CTP).

The TIME entry line of the DPU Scheduler (E.phi.1X.phi.4) permits scanning of the eight queues (0-7) associated with the central processor unit (CPU queues). If there are no entries in the queues, a watch dog time-out will occur (unless the WDT is reset). A time-out is not desirable at this time since there is no software looping involved. To prevent the time-out, E.phi.1X.phi.4 schedules a maintenance module called the Watch Dog Timer Manipulator (L4.phi.). The main function of this module is to reset the WDT.

If TIME scans the eight CPU queues and finds no work areas attached to any of the levels, it obtains a work area to schedule L4.phi.X.phi.1 (see FIG. 64). The work area is obtained by F.phi.4X.phi.1 and F.phi.3X.phi.1. The ACCEPT entry line (E.phi.1X.phi.1) places the work area containing the necessary parameters required by L4.phi. on the front of the priority 4 queue.

ACCEPT returns control to TIME which will then rescan the queues. The work area for L4.phi. is removed from the queue by F.phi.3X.phi.1, and L4.phi.X.phi.1 is then initiated. When processing of L4.phi. is complete, control will pass to RELEAS (E.phi.1X.phi.3). RELEAS returns the work area used by L4.phi. to the proper spare queue and passes control to TIME to rescan the eight CPU queues. If there are still no tasks in the queues. L4.phi.X.phi.1 is rescheduled and the manipulation of the watch dog timer is repeated.

Input/Output Device Control

The executive has control over the operation of the following I/O devices:

a. High speed paper tape punch and reader.

b. Teletypewriters (maintenance and office adminstrative).

c. Low speed paper tape punch and reader.

d. Marker communication registers (located within the originating and terminating markers).

e. Magnetic drums.

f. Ticketing magnetic tape unit.

g. Ticketing scanner unit.

The executive schedules the use of the I/O devices so that they may be utilized with maximum efficiency. The executive performs all actions required to operate the various I/O devices. This releases the application and maintenance programs from having to perform these functions.

If a request is made for an I/O operation, the operation is initiated immediately if the requested device is idle and a path to it is free. If the device or the path are not idle, the I/O requests are placed in the appropriate queue. The major queues used by the I/O programs are shown in Table EX2.

When a device becomes idle, its associated queue (or queues) is scanned in a present pattern. All tasks of the highest priority (first queue scanned), associated with the specified device, are processed before the next lower priority queue is scanned. Table EX2 defines the queues associated with each device, the order in which the queues are scanned, and the maximum length each queue may attain. Maximum queue length is equal to the number of work areas large enough to accomodate an I/O request for a specified device.

A normal request is one that does not require special attention or a particularly rapid response (most call processing I/O requests are normal requests). The high priority requests must be executed in a relatively short period of time as normal processing may depend upon these requests (e.g., maintenance requests used to isolate and diagnose malfunctions in the I/O devices).

The drum memory I/O operations are accomplished in much the same manner as operations for other I/O devices. The drum memory contains data needed by the system, and the programs used to access this data are the I/O schedulers, I/O handlers, and their associated subroutines.

The programs that access the drum are shown in FIG. 65 as users of the Data Manipulator Module (F35X.phi.1). This module is used by resident and non-resident programs and provides centralized control of all drum accesses. F35X.phi.1 obtains the required parameters needed for drum access and functions as a drum directory by locating the proper drum, drum segment, and start address required by the requesting program. The work area specified in index register one is used to process the request.

When a drum access request is received, F35X.phi.1 goes to its control tables in the core memory to obtain the parameter data needed to accomplish the access. This is unusual because most modules have the parameter data passed to them. The collected parameters are passed to the Drum Scheduler Module (F29) for scheduling the drum access operation.

The Drum Scheduler (F29X.phi.1) then schedules a drum read or write operation from the parameters it has received. It places the requester's work area into a queue associated with the desired drum control unit (DCU) pair. The work area is placed on the queue by the Link to Queue Routine (F/2X.phi.1) according to its assigned priority. Since there can be a maximum configuration of six DCU's, a maximum of three queues are used (one for each DCU pair). Each of these queues has three priority levels, as shown in Table EX2.

The F29 module exits to TIME when it cannot branch to the Drum Handler. At this time, an exit can also be made back to the requester; however, this action must have been previously specified in the requester's work area. If a software error occurs during F29X.phi.1 (e.g., the request number of the drum is invalid or the work area is too small for the I/O request), F29 will use ACCEPT (E.phi.1X.phi.1) to schedule an error return to the requester.

The Drum Handler MODULE (F3.phi.) performs the drum access. The Drum Scheduler calls F3.phi.X.phi.1 when it determines that the drum and DCU are not busy and that the request from F35 is valid. The Drum Handler uses the Drum Handler Subroutine Module (F4.phi.) to interrogate the request's work area data in order to obtain the required indications. F3.phi. and the subroutines it calls are used to:

a. Remove the tasks from the appropriate queue.

b. Check request validity.

c. Initiate the DCU initialization.

d. Notify the requester if the request cannot be handled.

e. Disconnect the DCU after a request has been serviced.

Note: drum maintenance programs may also enter entry line F3.phi.X.phi.1.

The exit to TIME from F3.phi.X.phi.1 occurs when the DCU's are busy. TIME will then scan the queues for another task that the central processor can perform until the drum access

TABLE EX.2 __________________________________________________________________________ Queue Structure of I/O Devices CONTROLLER I/O ORDER OF MAXIMUM (CBD OR DCU) DEVICE ASSOCIATED QUEUES QUEUE SCAN QUEUE LENGTH __________________________________________________________________________ Channel Maintenance Input (Keyboard) 1 1 Device TTY High Priority Output 2 N Buffer .phi. Normal Output 3 N HSPT Punch Output 4 N Input Keyboard or LSPT 1 2 Channel Office (Reader) Device Administrative High Priority Output Buffer TTY (Printer) 2 N 1 Normal Output (Printer or LSPT Punch) 3 N HSPT Reader Input 4 N High Priority (For Maintenance) 1 N (One Queue/DCU Pair) Drum Magnetic Block Transfer Control Drums (Program Read) Units (One Queue/DCU Pair) 2 N ,Normal (One Queue/DCU Pair) 3 N Computer Marker Communication Communication Communication Register (CCR Maintenance) 1 N Registers Registers High Priority Marker (One Queue for all Markers 2 N Terminating Marker Normal (One Queue/TM Pair) 3 N Ticketing Magnetic Maintenance 1 N Device Tape Unit A Normal 2 N Buffer A Ticketing Magnetic Maintenance 1 N Device Tape Unit B Normal 2 N Buffer B __________________________________________________________________________ is retried. The Drum Handler normally returns to F29X.phi.1 which will check a bit in the requester's work area to determine whether to pass control back to the calling program, or to exit to TIME. The TIME exit is the most common.

The ACCEPT entry line of E.phi.1 is entered from I3.phi.X.phi.1 to schedule the following routines:

a. The requester's error return if a request cannot be serviced.

b. The next requested task when a DCU task has been successfully completed.

c. DCU maintenance when a DCU error occurs.

Ticketing write requests get special treatment by being attached to the front of the second drum queue by F.phi.2X.phi.2. The Drum Handler also uses F.phi.2X.phi.2 to link the non-resident programs that have not completed processing to the front of a zero priority CPU queue, thereby permitting these programs to be run first, and freeing the non-resident area of core as quickly as possible.

The F.phi.3X.phi.1 subroutine is used to remove the indicated requests from the appropriate queue. DROP (F.phi.5X.phi.1) is used by F3.phi. to release a work area when a task is completed after an I/O operation.

The CCR/Marker I/O operations are accomplished by the CCR Scheduler (F31) and the CCR Handler (F32A) programs and their associated subroutines (FIG. 66). Various call processing and maintenance programs are the users of these modules.

The CCR Scheduler's F31X.phi.1 entry line accepts all requests for data transfers between the markers and the DPU via the CCR. F31X.phi.1 provides its users (calling programs) with the means of instructing the CCR to perform an input or output operation.

Entry line F31X.phi.1 takes the parameters in the requester's work area, determines if they are valid, and if they are, places the request into a CCR queue. The three types of queues used by the CCR Scheduler are listed in Table EX2. The work area size is also checked to see if it is large enough to accommodate the request. If the parameters are not valid or if the work area is not proper, the appropriate error routine is scheduled by F38. The CCR Scheduler exits to F32X.phi.1 when F31 finds that the appropriate marker (pair) and the CCR are in the idle state.

If an error occurs during the running of F31X.phi.1 (e.g., the work area obtained was not large enough for the task, a marker was checked in preparation for a data transfer and was found to be unequipped, etc.) F38X.phi.3 will schedule an error program. The LINK entry line (F.phi.2X.phi.1) is used to place entries on the back of the CCR I/O queue.

Entry line F31X.phi.2 is used to schedule CCR status dumps. A status dump includes such information as the scanner address, status of the CCR (idle scanning, sending, or receiving), if the message was sent or received successfully between the CCR and the marker, etc. The status is stored in the user's work area by F36X.phi.6. Control will be returned to the caller of F31X.phi.2 if requested. If no return was specified, F38X.phi.1 will act as an interface between F31X.phi.2 and E.phi.1X.phi.1 to schedule the next program. An exit from

The CCR Handler (F32A) uses two entry lines F32X.phi.1 and F32X.phi.5. F32X.phi.1 is used to perform operations necessary to prepare the markers and CCR for operation. It will initiate data transfers between the CPU and the CCR, and between the CCR and the markers. Entry line F32X.phi.5 is entered from the CCR Error Isolation and Recovery Module (F37) to retransmit the data transmission after an error has occurred.

The tasks placed in the CCR I/O queue by F31 are removed (via F.phi.3X.phi.1) so that they may be handled by F32A. F32X.phi.1 prepares the CCR and the appropriate marker pair for operation, and controls the data frame transmission by the CCR. The data frames consist of two 26-bit words for the originating markers (OM) or four 26-bit words for the terminating markers (TM). Data frame transmission to the OM is only performed for maintenance purposes.

If the requested marker is not available, F32X.phi.1 notifies the calling program. This is known as the requester's error return. Other subroutines used with F32X.phi.1 are F.phi.2X.phi.3 (LINK), which is used to add an unfinished non-resident task to the front of a CPU priority queue; F.phi.3X.phi.1 (UNLINK), which is used to remove entries from the CCR queues; and F.phi.1X.phi.1 (RS TIME), which is used for TM requests in order to perform an interlock with the register-sender.

The CCR Subroutines 1 Module (F36) handles common tasks required by the CCR I/O programs. F36 may be used to set up maintenance requests, unload the CCR data and status words, reconfigure the CCR, etc.

The CCR Subroutines 2 Module (F38) is also used for common CCR tasks. This module contains routines that provide an interface between the CCR Handler and the DPU Scheduler for scheduling of the next program to be run or of an error program. In addition, F38 can place a CCR maintenance-out-of-service (MOS) and schedule an isolation program, abort a task, etc.

The TTY and paper tape I/O devices are scheduled and controlled by the I/O Scheduler (F26) and the I/O Handler (F27) modules, respectively, and their associated subroutines (FIG. 20). The I/O Scheduler accepts requests for and schedules the use of the following I/O devices:

a. Local maintenance teletypewriter (LMT)

b. Local office administrative teletypewriter (LOAT)

c. Low-speed paper tape reader (LSPTR)

d. Low-speed paper tape punch (LSPTP)

e. High-speed paper tape reader (HSPTR)

f. High-speed paper tape punch (HSPTP)

Entry line F26X.phi.1 is used to transfer I/O data via one of the peripheral devices listed above. F26X.phi.1 checks the parameters located in the requesters work area. The work area parameters include the work area size, name and priority of the requester's program, the next program to schedule in case of errors, etc. If errors are encountered, ACCEPT (E.phi.1X.phi.1) is called to schedule an error routine and will either pass control to E.phi.1X.phi.4 to permit scanning the queues for a new task, or will return to the calling program.

From the work area parameters, the I/O Scheduler determines the I/O device to be used and then checks to see if the device and its associated controller is available. (The controllers used with the TTY's and the paper tape devices are the channel device buffers -- CDB's). F26X.phi.1 will check a table located in the core memory to determine if the requested device and its associated controller are available. If a device is not available, the I/O Scheduler can assign the request to an alternate device. If a request cannot be serviced because of hardware unavailability, the caller is notified via an error return.

The I/O Scheduler places each I/O device request into its appropriate queue by using the Link to Queue Module (F.phi.2X.phi.1). The I/O Scheduler exits to the I/O Handler (F27) when the I/O device is idle, the path to it is free via the channel device buffer, and the request is determined to be valid.

The I/O Handler Program (F27) performs all operations necessary to prepare each device for operation and affects the data transfer between the CPU and and selected device. Data manipulations, code conversions, parity checking requirements, etc., are provided by the various subroutines used by F27.

Upon entry, F27X.phi.1 unlinks the work area from the I/O queue via F.phi.3X.phi.1 and then stores the work area address into a table in the core memory. It also checks the availability of the peripheral adapter (PA) and channel device buffer (CDB), determines if the I/O request is an input or an output, and determines which device is to be used (LMT, HSPTR, etc.). The Interval Timer Request Acceptor (E.phi.2X.phi.1) is called when a TTY input request is initiated. This routine allows 120 seconds maximum to input the message.

The CCS Recovery Module (S31) is used by F27X.phi.1 to check for any channel multiplex errors and to reset a CCX error counter. Another subroutine shown in FIG. 67 which is used by F27 is the Stop Time (E/3X.phi.2). This entry line is used when the I/O Handler wants to remove a task from a timer queue before the requested interval has expired. The entries are located and removed from the queue by the Queue Interrogation Module (E/6).

The Input Message Analysis Module (F/6) is primarily used to prepare the I/O system to receive a TTY input message, F/6 is accessed once for each TTY input, and at least once for each paper tape that is read. All TTY inputs are in ASCII code. ASCII code is converted to the computer's internal code and vice-versa by the F19 and F15 modules, respectively.

A TTY message consists of the ACTION CODE (the first four characters containing the identity of the program designated to receive the input data), and the inputted data. Each character in ASCII code will be converted to six binary bits by F19. The message length cannot exceed 72 characters, and the time required to input cannot exceed two minutes. Violations of either limit will cause the input message to be aborted and an error output message to be printed on the TTY.

The Paper Tape Control Module (F28) enables the paper tape to be read by the computer via a paper tape reader. It receives control when a maintenance man at a TTY types in the required ACTION CODE, or when an application program wants to read tape. The maintenance man placing the paper tape on the reader and typing in the proper ACTION CODE initiates the reading of the paper tape data into the system.

The data read into the DPU is placed into a 100 word work area. Input from either of the paper tape readers is limited to 70 words per request.

The inputted tape may be completely in ASCII code or it may only contain an ASCII code leader followed by binary data (core image).

Note: the first example is known as "ASCII paper tape" and the second is called "binary paper tape."

An application program or a maintenance program wishing to initiate a paper tape message output calls F26X.phi.1. The I/O Scheduler places the output request on the HSPTP queue (Table EX2). When the hardware necessary to service the request is available, the I/O Handler turns-on the device motor, allows the motor to reach operating speed, and initiates the paper tape output. Each paper tape punch output (high or low speed) is limited to 512 characters. Character packing, code conversion, parity checking, and other miscellaneous functions are performed by subroutine modules used by F27.

The magnetic tape transport (MTT) operations are scheduled by the Magnetic Tape Scheduler Module (F73). The magnetic tape transports (the MTT is duplexed) are controlled and operated by the Magnetic Tape Handler Module (F74). See FIG. 68 for a magnetic tape software diagram.

The F73 scheduler module places the MTT access requests into an MTT queue according to priority via the Link to Queue Module, (F.phi.2) and the ACCEPT (E.phi.1X.phi.1) entry line of the DPU Scheduler. When F74 is entered at F74X.phi.1, these requests are removed from the queue and are processed by the Ticketing Magnetic Tape Unit (TMU). The MTT, its associated peripheral adapter, and the necessary read/write electronics comprise the TMU. This is a dual channel configuration used for ticketing purposes.

The Ticketing Output Format Module (T.phi.4) calls the Magnetic Tape Scheduler via F73X.phi.1 when the core resident Call Record Buffer Table is filled (when it contains a maximum of 15 call records). The Magnetic Tape Scheduler accepts the magnetic tape output request and schedules a call record data block which is formatted and transferred to tape by the Magnetic Tape Handler. If errors are encountered, ACCEPT is called to schedule an error routine and control is either passed to TIME or returned to the requester of F73.

Entry line F73X.phi.2 is called by the Magnetic Tape Label Routine (F75) in order to write a header label on tape. F73X.phi.3 is used to place a particular channel (A or B) of the ticketing subsystem on-line o off-line.

The F74X.phi.1 entry line of the Magnetic Tape Handler is the normal entry from the Magnetic Tape Scheduler. This program removes the requests from the MTT queue and initiates the tape output.

The F74A.phi.1 subroutine is used by F74 to output four data words on magnetic tape. F74T.phi.1 is a subroutine used by F74 as a 32 millisecond timer. DIACON and CONFIG are used by the Magnetic Tape Handler to schedule maintenance programs and to reconfigure the ticketing system hardware, respectively. DIACON schedules ticketing device buffer (TDB) localization routines and CONFIG is used to place the appropriate TDB maintenance-out-of-service (MOS).

The Ticketing Scanner Unit (ITSU) Handler Program (F72) permits the ticketing operations to be accomplished (FIG. 69). The Ticketing Scan Interrupt Module (T.phi.3), at 600 ms. intervals, calls F72 to enable the TSU to successfully interrogate all incoming trunks and OJ's. The busy/idle condition of local lines and trunks as well as the duration holding time of the trunk circuits is passed by F72 to the calling programs for analysis.

The requests for ticketing scanner unit operation from the TSU Handler's calling programs do not have to be scheduled by a scheduler program because of the high speed of TSU operations which permits a TSU to be effectively accessed on a continuous basis. F72 functions as an I/O program for ticketing and maintenance programs, enabling them to store information within the ticketing device buffer (TDB) and to interrogate and control the TSU.

Entry line F72X.phi.1 is always entered as a closed subroutine. In the event of a TSU fault condition, F72 schedules a fault localization routine (via DIACON) to attempt to rectify the condition. CONFIG is used to reconfigure a TDB/TSU channel to its alternate TDB/TSU channel.

The TSU Handler uses module L26 to count TSU errors in a given length of time. Thus, the error rate can be used to indicate a faulty TSU.

Simplified operation of the executive during a local-to-local call

the simplified block diagram shown in FIG. 70 illustrates a local-to-local call including the executive and call processing program modules that are involved. Some of the basic modules that are required for this operation, such as the LINK or UNLINK from queue modules, are not shown.

The following definitions apply to FIG. 70:

Cfsv -- call For Service Voltage

Cht -- call History Table

Cos -- class of Service

Ccr -- computer Communication Register

Icap -- interrupt Cause Analysis Program

Om -- originating Marker

Dpu -- data Processor Unit

Rj -- register Junctor

Rs -- register-Sender

Rft -- request For Translation

Tm -- terminating Marker

When the originating marker (OM) senses a call for service voltage (CFSV) caused by the customer going off-hook, the OM sends a two word data frame to the computer communication register (CCR). This data frame contains the originating junctor identity, the customer's equipment identity, and the line matrix outlet identity. An interrupt is sent to the data processor unit (DPU) by the CCR which causes ICAP to pass control to the CCR Ready Interrupt Handler (F32). F32 analyzes and processes the data and then requests F33 to perform a register junctor (RJ) translation.

The F33 module translates the R-matrix outlet identity into a register junctor identity. The data frame is then stored in the call history table (CHT) in main memory (addressed by the register junctor time slot). The register-sender memory is updated to record the call origination in order for the register-sender (RS) to take over control of the originating path and allow the originating marker to drop control.

After the register junctor translation has been performed, F32 schedules a class-of-service (COS) translation to be performed by call processing module C/1. This translation consists of retrieving from drum, via Data Manipulator Module F35, the unique characteristics of the customer, which are recorded with his line equipment number identity. F35 schedules C/2 via the DPU Scheduler. C/2 then analyzes the COS information (e.g., billing information, type of receiver required, total number of digits required before requesting a translation, etc.). Part of the COS data is placed in the Call History Table in main memory and part is stored in register-sender memory. The data placed in register-sender memory is used to control the receipt and analysis of the dialed digits and to supervise the network via the register junctor.

The register-sender returns dial tone to the calling line and prepares to receive digits. The RS collects the first three digits and then program control is passed from the Call Processing Program to the Executive Program by a request-for-translation (RFT) from the RS. The RFT signal causes control to be transferred to F51, the Register-Sender Interrupt Processor. When F51 is completed, control is passed back to the Call Processing Program (module C.phi.6) for the three digit translation analysis. This is done to determine the type of call being analyzed, and is accomplished by accessing the three digit translation table on the drum.

As a result of the three digit analysis, call processing module C.phi.8 is scheduled and seven digits are accumulated in register-sender memory before another translation is requested. After collecting seven digits, the register-sender again generates a request-for-translation (RFT). The Register-Sender Interrupt Processor Module (F51) initiates a read-out from register-sender memory, stores the read-out in computer main memory, and then schedules Call Processing Program C.phi.6 to perform the seven digit translation.

Since this is a final translation, the Call Processing Program requests a directory number translation. This initiates a request to the F35 module for a drum look-up of the local directory number table which provides the line equipment number of the called line, the proper ringing code, and any special called line features.

The Call Processing Program analyzes the data retrieved from the drum and obtains the originating line matrix identity, which defines the selector matrix inlet. The data needed to instruct the terminating marker to establish a path from the selector matrix inlet to the called local line, together with other control data, is loaded into four 26-bit words to be sent serially by the computer communication register to an idle terminating marker. This data transfer is scheduled by the CCR Scheduler (F31) and processed by the CCR Handler (F32A).

The terminating marker sets up the terminating condition and upon successful completion, communicates this result to the CCR. The CCR sends a ready interrupt to the central processor which is processed by E24 and the CCR Ready Interrupt Handler (F32B). The RS, upon instruction that the termination operation was successful, performs its terminating phase functions. Call processing module C26 returns the call history address to idle, and a cut-through and register junctor disconnect is initiated. Program control is then returned to the Executive Program for scheduling of the next task in the system via TIME (E.phi.1X.phi.4).

CALL PROCESSING PROGRAM MODULES

C.phi.1 -- fig. 71

1. name -- class Of Service (COS) Initialization module.

2. PURPOSE -- The COS Initialization module C.phi.1 initiates the appropriate COS drum translation for the originating line or trunk.

3. FUNCTIONS -- Module C.phi.1 performs the following functions:

a. Requests WASPAR module (F04) to obtain a Work Area (WA). If a WA is not available, F.phi.4 will reschedule module C.phi.1. This process continues until a WA is obtained.

b. Zeroes out Register Sender (RS) memory image words in the WA; included are words FWBX1A, FWBX2A, FWBX4A, FWBX5A, FWBX6A, and FWBX6B.

c. Initializes the zero items CHQTKR, CHQOJT, AND CHQPG1 of the Call History Table (CHT).

d. Stores the following information in the WA:

Fwacht = cht address.

Fwarj1 = register Juctor (RJ) identity plus RS section number.

e. Stores the following information in the CHT:

Chawaa = wa address.

Chqwal = 1, indicates that a WA is linked to the CHT.

f. Checks a maintenance indicator to see if a call should be placed on a timer queue for 100 milliseconds. Entry point C.phi.1X.phi.2 is scheduled if maintenance does not clear down the RJ.

b. Requests MANIP module (F35) to perform a COS drum translation for the originating line (CLN) or trunk (CTN) and, if successful, schedules the Originating COS Analysis module (C.phi.2). I unsuccessful, schedules the Local Call Processing Maintenance Program (LCPMP) module (C31).

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cha -- scheduling Information.

Chc -- originating Marker Data Frame Received.

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

4.1.3 Registers

None

4.2 HARDWARE

None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

5.1.3 Registers

None.

5.2 HARDWARE

None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points C.phi.1X.phi.1 Scheduled by the Communications Control Register (CCR) Handler module (F32) upon recognition of an Originating Marker (OM) origination. Module C.phi.1 also reschedules itself when no WA is available. C.phi.1X.phi.2 Scheduled as a special entry line and is not part of normal C.phi.1 processing. C.phi.1X.phi.2 is scheduled from within C.phi.1 itself as part of the solution to the constant call for service problem, e.g. a line which appears as a constant origination to the OM, and the OM is unable to pull a path due to a malfunction. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points E.phi.2X.phi.3 Interval Timer Request Program: Used to cause requests for timing of specified time intervals to be added to the Executive's timer queue. F35X.phi.1 Data Manipulator (MANIP) Program: Used by resident and non-resident programs to access drum memory. After MANIP is entered the user loses control of his WA. To regain control, the user must request another WA. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F.phi.4X.phi.1 WASPAR -- Work Area Assignment.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

when a subscriber originates a call, i.e., goes off-hook, it is necessary to perform a drum translation in order to retrieve the subscriber's Originating COS data. Module C.phi.1 begins the originating process of determining if the originator is a local subscriber or an incoming trunk circuit. After the identification of the origination, module C.phi.1 initiates the appropriate COS translation.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Upon entry, module C.phi.1 has the call-associated call history table CHT. To be consistent with the call processing entry philosophy module C.phi.1 uses the CHT as a WA until a WA is obtained. To accomplish this task, a CHT offset address is created to index the CHT by its address, relative to the first WA address. This procedure allows overlays, normally associated with the WA, to be used in modifying the CHT.

The CHT offset address may be symbolically represented as '.vertline.a - b .vertline. + c' where:

a = The original start location of the table of WA's.

b = The start location of the table of CHT's.

c = The relative depth of the RJ into the CHT.

*notes to fig. 71

1. scheduled by ccr handler (f32) upon recognition of an origination. cht offset addr in xr1 cht offset addr=diff. between cht addr and first wa addr.

2. obtain 26 word call processing work area.

3. manip (f35) initiates retrieval of cos drum info and places it in cja and schedules c.phi.2x.phi.1. for error, f35 will schedule c31x.phi.1.

4. place call on timer queue and schedule c.phi.1x.phi.2 after 100 msec. ccr handler indicates that call should be put on timer queue when it expects om maintenance to clear down the call (remove from queue and idle the rj). if maintenance does not clear down call the c.phi.1x.phi.2 is entered and call processing continues normally.

c.phi.2 -- figs. 72-72c

1. name

originating Class of Service Module.

2. PURPOSE

The Originating Class of Service (COS) module (C.phi.2) retrieves and analyzes each originator's common COS information. As a function of this analysis, module C.phi.2 routes the data to the appropriate Call Processing module. Module C.phi.2 also obtains Multifrequency (MF) or Touch Call Multifrequency (TCMF) receivers for any call requiring receivers.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C.phi.2 performs the following functions:

a. Zeroes out the CHQPDL data from the previous call.

b. Sets the Time Frame (CHQTMF) to 1.

c. Calls the Event Metering program module (M.phi.5) to update successful Register Junctor (RJ) count.

d. Calls the Call Condition Analysis program module (C29) to check if a call abandon, timeout, or translation request interrupt has occurred. If an interrupt has occurred, module C29 will process the call according to the trouble condition. If no interrupt occurred, module C29 will return to module C.phi.2.

e. Obtains common COS data (ZTO, PRF, ZOC, and XTL) from core table CCE. This data is placed in the work area FWB) in order to be written into Register Sender (RS) Memory.

f. Sets up the Call History Table (CHT) to run the Pretranslator Initialization program module (C.phi.4), on an expected interrupt of 11 (TIE = 11), for the Trunk Test Access Circuit/Communications Line (TTA/CL).

g. Sets up the CHT to run Local Pretranslator program module (C.phi.7) on an expected interrupt of 1 (TIE = 1), for local originations (CCELOR = 1).

h. Sets up the CHT to run module C.phi.4 on an expected interrupt of 1 (TIE = 1), for non-local originations (CCELOR = 0).

i. Obtains the receiving control data (DST, XCB, PTT, PTR, SDS, and MDR) from core table CRC. This data is placed in the work area (FWB) in order to be written into RS Memory.

j. Requests the MANIP program module (F35) to perform a Non-Dial Line Digit Translation on non-dial switched direct lines (CCEOCT = 5). Schedules the Non-Dial Line Store program module (C.phi.3) when the Non-Dial line Digit Translation is successful. Schedules the Local Call Process Maintenance Program (module C31) when the translation is unsuccessful.

k. Sets the first digit in RS Memory (XD1) to 0 (10) for operator assistance non-dial common battery lines (CCEOCT = 4).

l. Sets the Instruction Field (IN) equal to 2 and Complete Translation Request (CTR) equal to 1 for a translation complete indication.

m. Attempts to obtain a receiver, when required, by using the Sender/Receiver Assigner program module (C27). If the first attempt of obtaining a receiver fails, module C.phi.2 initiates Sender/Receiver (S/R) timing in the RS. Module C27 is used to search for an idle, assigned, and on-line receiver until either one is found or until the timer runs out (the RS goes into system trouble).

n. Sets the totals instruction (XTL) equal to 0, and the expected interrupt instruction to 3 (TIE = 3) when an MP receiver is obtained (AOG = 2). No interrupt will occur until all the required digits are received.

o. Has the RS Access program module (F.phi.8) write the required data into RS Memory and releases the work area, with or without an attached receiver.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Dep -- engineered Office Parameters.

Cja -- original Class Data.

Crc -- call Processing Receiver Control.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

4.1.3 Registers

None.

4.2 HARDWARE

None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cwa -- sender Receiver Assigner Interface.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

5.1.3 Registers

None.

5.2 HARDWARE

None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points C.phi.2X.phi.1 The normal entry is scheduled by the COS Initialization program, module C.phi.1, following the initial COS translation. Additional translation requirements are determined from the COS data. S/R requirements are processed through module C27. C.phi.2X.phi.2 This entry point is scheduled by module C27 when an idle assigned receiver is obtained during S/R timing. The RS is instructed to connect the receiver; then control is released until the required number of digits are received. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points C31X.phi.3 Local Call Process Maintenance Program (LCPMP): This exit point is called when module C.phi.2 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate Teletypewriter (TTY) message. For module C.phi.2, the subscriber is given lockout via C26X.phi.4, thus returning control to the calling program. F.phi.8X.phi.1 RS Access Program: This exit point is used for writing in RS Memory. It also has the capability to write and to read-modify-write. F35X.phi.1 Data Manipulator (MMANIP) Program: This exit point is used by resident and non-resident programs to access drum memory. After MANIP is entered, the user loses control of his WA. To regain control, the user must request another WA. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points C27X.phi.1 Sender/Receiver Assigner. C29X.phi.1 Call Condition Analysis. F.phi.8X.phi.1 Register-Sender Access. - M.phi.5X.phi.1 Call Event Metering: Successful RJ Connections. M.phi.9X.phi.1 Call Event Metering: Sender/Receiver Connection.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

the COS data is common to a large group of subscribers and it is stored in core tables CCE and CRC. Module C.phi.2 retrieves and analyzes the common COS data for each origination to determine the type of call (local, non-local, etc.). Then module C.phi.2 routes this data to the appropriate Call Processing module for further processing.

Module C.phi.2 is also responsible for obtaining the required MF or TCMF receivers. This is accomplished by utilizing module C27.

8.2 technique

two unique techniques are employed by module C.phi.2. The first technique employed by module C.phi.2 is in retrieving the required common COS data. Module C.phi.2 utilizes index values obtained from the initial COS translation (tables CLN or CTN) to access tables CCE and CRC. The data obtained is written into RS Memory and is utilized to further process the call.

The second technique employs the use of module C27 to obtain an idle, assigned, and on-line receiver. A receiver must be connected in the call path of MF and TCMF originations in order to receive the input information. This must be accomplished prior to any further call processing. Module C.phi.2 utilizes module C27 in making a single attempt to obtain a receiver. If the attempt fails, a S/R timing mechanism in RS Memory is initialized. Module C.phi.2 then returns to module C27 where it continuously attempts to obtain a receiver. This procedure continues until either a receiver is obtained or a timeout occurs. Utilizing this technique each origination is given the maximum opportunity in obtaining the required receiver.

Notes to figs. 72-72c.

1. f.phi.8 will transfer to release (e.phi.1) to release wa. if trouble, in rs, f.phi.8 will schedule c31x.phi.2. in updating 1a, 2a, 4a, 6a, 6b, f.phi.8 will protect fd, edp, trb, tas, rsf, trj, trc, p2, to, cab, trj, of rs and place their imaof in fwb.

2. manip will place non-dial line xtrans in cxa and schedule c.phi.3x.phi.1. for error, f35 will schedule c31x.phi.1.

c.phi.3 -- fig. 73

1. name

non-Dial Line Store module.

2. PURPOSE

The Non-Dial Store program (module C.phi.3) formats the Non-Dial Digits, which were retrieved from drum translation table CND, to enable the writing of the digits into Register-Sender (RS) Memory. A software All-Ditis Received indicator (ADR) is set and RS Memory is updated via a request to the RS Access program, (module F.phi.8). The originating Class Of Service (COS) data formatted by the originating COS Analysis program (module C.phi.2) is written into RS Memory concurrently.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C.phi.3 performs the following functions:

a. Formats the non-dial digits in order to write them into RS Memory.

b. Indicates in the Call History Table (CHT) that all required digits have been received (CHQADR = 1).

c. Prepares information to be written into RS memory Indicating the digit count.

d. Directs the RS Access program to write into RS Memory the data formatted in module C.phi.3' and the COS data formatted in module C.phi.2.

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cja -- originator's Class of Service Data.

Cxa -- drum Table CND Data.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

4.1.3 Registers

None.

4.2 HARDWARE

None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

5.1.3 Registers

None.

5.2 HARDWARE

None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points C.phi.3X.phi.1 Scheduled by module C.phi.2 after drum table CND translation is successfully completed. C.phi.3X.phi.1 properly formats the non-dial digits in the RS and sets up the RS and the CHT for continuation of normal call processing. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points F.phi.8X.phi.1 RS Access Program: This exit point is used for writing in RS Memory. It also has the capability to write and to read-modify-write. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points None.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

one of the many possible features a subscriber may request is to have his telephone used as a "hot-line"; i.e., all the calls terminate to a predetermined destination without inputting any digits. An example of this type of service is the hotel reservation phones available at airports. Here, the subscriber can pick up a telephone handset and immediately be connected to a particular hotel's reservation desk. This feature can be implemented in one of two ways. Either the subscriber is directly wired to the destination (this would be impractical over long distances) or, as in EAX, the digits required for termination are internally generated by the switching system. The call processing software determines if an originating subscriber has the non-dial switched-digit (hot line) feature. If so, the required unique dialed digits are retrieved from drum table CND. Module C.phi.3 is utilized in inputting these unique dialed digits into the RS Memory. Call Processing will now terminate the call normally.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Not applicable.

*NOTES TO FIG. 73

1. fwbx2a, fwbx4a also contains cos xtrans done by c.phi.2. f.phi.8 will transfer to releas (e.phi.1) to release wa. if trouble in rs, f.phi.8 will schedule c31x.phi.2 in updating 1a, 2a, 4a, 6a, 6b. f.phi.8 will protect fd, eop, trb, tas, rsf, trj, trc, p2, to, cab, tri of rs and place their image in fwb.

c.phi.4 -- fig. 74

1. name

pretranslator Initialization Module.

2. PURPOSE

The Pretranslator Initialization program (module C.phi.4) is scheduled for all non-local originations. For Multifrequency (MF) calls, the Key Pulse (KP) and Start (ST) digits are removed from the Register-Sender (RS) Memory, and the receiver busy indicator is reset. Module C.phi.4 determines if the Non-Local Pretranslator program (module C.phi.5) or the Digit Analysis program (module C.phi.6) is required as the next step in call processing.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C.phi.4 performs the following functions:

a. Resets the receiver busy indicator by calling the Sender/Receiver Assigner subroutine (C27X.phi.1) when the call is 2/6 MF and the Conditional Matrix Disconnect (CMD) bit is set in RS Memory.

b. Deletes the ST and KP digits, when the call is 2/6 MF using the RS Write program (module F08). Also sets All Digits Received (ADR) in the Call History Table (CHT).

c. Uses the Pretranslator Standardization Required (PTS) field from the originating Class of Service (COS) translation to determine if the Non-Local Pretranslator program is required. If non-local pretranslation is required, control is transferred to module C05.

d. Determines if sufficient digits were received, when module C05 is not required, in order to continue with digit analysis. If sufficient digits have been received, control is transferred to module C06. If insufficient digits have been received, the RS totals field (XTL) is set to 3 via module F08. Module C06 is scheduled after the reception of three digits.

e. Freezes the Register Junctor (RJ) and schedules module V99 when the originator is either a Trunk Test Access circuit (TTA) or a Communications Line (CL).

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Cja -- originating Class of Service Data.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register-Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

4.1.3 Registers

None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chg -- code Translation Information.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register-Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

Control

6.1 entry points entry Reasons for Entry Points C04X01 The Originating COS Analysis Program (module C02) determines if the originator is non-local, then it schedules module C04 to receive control on a Translation Interrupt (TRI) from the RS. Normally TRI=1; however, for Multifrequency reception TRI=3. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points C05X01 Non-Local Pretranslation program: C05X01 is branched to from module C04 for non-local originators whose digits are in non-standard form. C06X01 Digit Translation Initialization program: C06X01 is exited to or scheduled when additional digit translations are required. C06X01 schedules drum table CTT or CGT translations and/or program modules as required. E01X06 Data Processing Unit (DPU) Scheduler (RESKED) program: Exit line E01X06 is used to cause the DPU Scheduler to add a run request to a queue. E01X06 can be used by any application program not executed in the interrupt mode. C31X03 Local Call Process Maintenance Program (LCPMP): This exit point is called when C04 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate Teletypewriter (TTY) message. For module C04 the subscriber is given lockout via C26X04. F08X01 RS Access Program: This exit point is used for writing in RS Memory. It also has the capability to write and to read-modity-write. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points C27X01 Sender/Receiver Assigner. F08X01 RS Access Program. V75X04 Maintenance Control Center. (MCC) Maintenance String. 8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

the non-local traffic coming into EAX may utilize Dial Pulse or 2/6 MF signalling. The digit trains of this non-local traffic may optionally require digit standardization via the non-local pretranslator. The above characteristics are determined by the incoming trunk circuit and the sending office.

When MF signalling is required, the KP and ST digits are received but not used in routing the call. The KP and ST digits indicate the beginning and the end of the digit train, respectively and have no other function when received in a Class 5 Office. The KP and ST digits are deleted from the digit train prior to digit analysis. Module CO4 is responsible for deleting the KP and ST digits and determining if digit standardization is required for the incoming digit train.

8.2 TECHNIQUE -- Not applicable.

C.phi.5

1. name -- non-Local Pretranslator Module.

2. PURPOSE

The Non-Local Pretranslator program (module C05) is utilized for non-local originations only, and therefore must be able to uniquely identify an incoming trunk digit train to determine if standardization procedures are required. When standardization is required, module C05 deletes and/or adds the necessary digits prior to passing control to the Digit Translation Initialization program (module C06) for the initiation of the appropriate three-digit translation.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C05 performs the following functions:

a. Performs a one-, two-, or three-digit translation, depending upon the value of the totals field (XTL). (XTL can equal 1, 2, or 3. ) The translation is performed utilizing the called digits as input.

b. When the one-, two-, or three-digit translation indicates a final translation (FPX = 1), module C05 can attempt to delete and/or add the required digits.

1. When the Register Sender (RS) has insufficient digits to delete, module C05 waits until the RS obtains sufficient digits; then begins its process again.

2. After digits are deleted and/or added (added digits are obtained in the translation process), module C05 updates the RS Memory with the standardized digits.

3. The translation also indicates if the Modified Routing Type (MRT) of the originator is to be changed.

4. The Time Frame (TMF) is set to 2 and the call History Table (CHT) is initialized (CHGNJR = CHGPJR = 3 where NJR is the Next Job to Run and PJR is Previous Job Run) to enable module C06 to perform a three-digit translation.

5. If at least three digits are obtained, control is passed to module C06.

6. for all other conditions, the RS waits for additional digits, then schedules module C06.

c. When the one-, two-, or three-digit translation does not indicate a final translation (FPX = 0), module C05 performs additional translations.

1. When the Incoming Digit Counter (IDC) is not utilized as part of a search key, and there are sufficient digits, module C05 initiates either a two- or three-digit translation, then reschedules module C05.

2. if IDC is not utilized as part of the search key, and there are insufficient digits, module C05 instructs the RS to obtain the required number of digits, and reschedules module C05 (where function (1 above will be performed).

3. When IDC is utilized as part of the search key, and there are sufficient digits for the additional translation, module C05 places IDC in the first, second, or third digit position (search key); initiates a one-, two- or three-digit translation; and reschedules module C05.

4. if IDC is utilized as part of the search key, and there are insufficient digits, module C05 instructs the RS to obtain the required number of digits, and reschedules module C05 (where function (3) above will be performed).

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Che -- pretranslator Access Store Data.

Cja -- originating Class of Service Data.

Cxb -- pretranslator Drum Table CPD.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Che -- pretranslator Access Store Data.

Chg -- code Translation Information

Cja -- originating Clas of Service Data.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb --call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points C05X01 C05X01 is branched to from the Non-Local Pretranslator Initialization program (module C04) for non-local originators whose digits are in non-standard form. C05X01 may also be scheduled when C05X02 is processing a final pretranslation and finds that more digits must be collected. C05X02 C05X02 is always scheduled upon the successful completion of a Pretranslator Data (CPD) translation Since entry lines C05X01, C05X02 and C05X03 can initiate a CPD translation, they all can schedule C05X02. C05X03 C05X03 is scheduled by C05X02 after sufficient digits are received and either a Translation Interrupt (TRI=1) or a Fast Timeout (FTO) has occurred. C05X03 initiates a CPD translation and C05X02 is scheduled upon completion of the translation. -6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points C05X01 Digit Translation Initialization Program: C06X01 is called when additional digit translations are required. C06X01 schedules drum table (CTT or CGT) translations and/or program modules as required. F08X01 RS Access Program: This exit point is used for writing in RS Memory. It also has the capability to write and to read-modify-write. F35X10 Data Manipulator (MANIP) Program: Used by resident and non-resident programs to access drum memory. V73X01 Maintenance Control Center (MCC): - Maintenance String Program: V73X01 is used by module C05 in order to perform the digit analysis function for the Incoming Remote Test Trunk (IRTT)/Line Test Access (LTA) originations, when a nine-digit Line Number Identity (LNI) was dialed instead of a directory number. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Cunctional Names Points F08X01 RS Access.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

common control systems, as well as progressive control systems, must be able to interface with EAX. Common control switching systems have the capability of using 2/6 Multifrequency (MF) sending, and normally are engineered to properly format the digit train. This formatting eliminates the need for digit standardization. Progressive control systems absorb several dialed digits in determining the interoffice routing thus causing EAX to receive an incomplete set of digits. The EAX then standardizes the incomplete digit train by restoring any absorbed digits.

An example of a subscriber in a progressive controlled Step-by-Step (SXS) office placing a call to a subscriber in an EAX office. When 863-1234 is dialed and 863 is the home office code of the EAX, the SXS office absorbs the 863 digits and routes the last four digits to the EAX office. The EAX, therefore, must restore the 863 digits before processing the call. Standardizing the incoming digit trains, by the adding and/or deleting digits, is performed by module C05. Once digit standardization is performed, digit analysis begins processing the call.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Module C05 employs a technique uniquely identifying the incoming trunk digit train enabling the appropriate digits to be added and/or deleted.

Associated with every incoming trunk is a unique Trunk Group Incoming (TGI) value. The TNI value is obtained from the originating Class of Service (COS) data in drum table CTN and it allows module C05 to individually standardize incoming trunk digit trains. A simplified example, illustrating the necessity of the TGI value, is shown in FIG. 2. Two home office codes (452 and 932) are associated with the EAX office. Two SXS offices are directly trunked into the EAX office. When a subscriber in SXS office 1 dials 452-5678, the SXS office absorbs the first two digits; therefore EAX only receives 25678. This digit train arrives on TGI equal to 22, and the EAX office restores the digits (4,5) absorbed by the SXS office. If a subscriber in SXS office 2 dials 932-532-5678, the EAX office again receives 25678; however, this time on TGI equals 31. This illustrates that the TGI value is necessary in determining which prefix digits (45 or 93) are associated with the digit train.

Digit standardization patterns are unique to a particular office; i.e., an engineerable item on a per office basis. All data necessary for the pretranslator process is therefore contained in the engineerable Pretranslator Data table (CPD). Module C05 performs digit standardization by searching drum table CPD, and analyzing the retrieved data.

There are five items which constitute a CPD translation request search key. These items are listed below:

ITEM DESCRIPTION TGI Trunk Group Incoming: Uniquely identifies the incoming trunk group. SID Search on Incoming Digit Count Indication: SID=1 indicates that one of the incoming digit values (XD1 through XD3) is the total number of digits received (not counting the Key Pulse (KP) and Start (ST) digits) from the incoming call SID=0 indicates that XD1 through XD3 only contain digit values. XD1 Digit value of the first digit received: can represent IDC value if SID=1. XD2 Digit value of the second digit received: Can represent IDC value if SID=1. XD3 Digit value of the third digit received: Can represent the IDC value if SID=1.

Utilizing the TGI value, the items allow the incoming trunk to be uniquely specified. Utilizing combinations of SID, XD1, XD2, and XD3, the incoming trunk digits train is uniquely identified.

Two or more CPD translations may be required prior to performing digit standardization. When obtaining data contained in table CPD, one of two formats is utilized. The CPD translation requirement is utilized as the basis of format selection. The data formats are described as follows:

Format A (FPX =0) ITEM DESCRIPTION -FPX Final Pretranslator Indicator: FPX = 0 indicated that standardization of an incoming digit train is not yet possible, and at least one more pretranslation is required. FPX =1 (See Format B). XTL Totals Field: Indicates total number of digits to be collected before initiating the next pretranslation. FTO Fast Timeout Field: specifies number of digits to be received before fast timing is initiated. Fast timing will then begin on the arrival of the next digit. TIP Translation Interrupt Digit Position: Specifies XD1, XD2, or XD3 digit position into which the IDC value from RS Memory is placed. This is accomplished when a response to the XTL request is received from the RS. FTP Fast Timeout Digit Position: Same as TIP, except response to a FTO request. Format B (FPX =1) ITEM Description FPX Final Pretranslator Indicator: FPX =1 indicates that standardization of an incoming digit train is possible. The remainder of Format B contains standardization data. DDF Delete Digit Field: Specifies number of digits to delete from the incoming digit train. DPF PDF Prefix Digit Dield: Specifies number of digits (RD1 through RD6) prefixing the incoming digit train. RD1-RD6 Replacement Digit Values: Each field specifies the value of the digits prefixing the incoming digit train. ORT Originating Routing Type: ORT = 0 indicates that ORT obtained from table CTN must be used in processing the call in process. If ORT is not equal to 0, this value should replace the ORT

An example of digit standardization is: An incoming trunk, from a SXS office (TGI = 27), can send three distinct digit patterns (a, b, and c) to the EAX office. Module C05 uniquely identifies each of the digit patterns, then prefixes the necessary digits. If the first digit is a 4, pattern a is immediately identified. Patterns b and c, however, can only be differentiated by examining the total number of digits received (either 4 or 5). Table CPD is engineered to immediately standardize the digit train when a 4 is recognized as the first digit. If, however, a 5 is the first digit, another translation is required after all the digits are received.

The technique employed in engineering table CPD is flexible, thus allowing EAX to interface with any existing or presently conceived type of adjoining switching systems. C.phi.6 -- FIG. 75-76A

1. name -- digit Translation Initialization module.

2. PURPOSE

The Digit Translation Initialization module (C.phi.6) utilizes the Next Job to Run (NJR) field in determining which additional jobs are required (drum translations and/or program modules) for continued call analysis. Module C.phi.6 Idles Touch Call Multifrequency (TCMF) receivers by utilizing the Conditional Matrix Disconnect (CMD) field. Module C.phi.6 also attempts to resolve ambiguous Number Plan Area (NPA) codes. When the attempt is unsuccessful, the subscriber is given reorder tone via the Final Processor program (module C26).

3. functions -- Module C.phi.6 performs the following functions:

a. Idles the assigned TCMF receiver, via the Sender/Receiver (SR) Assigner program (module C27), when CMD = 1 and module C.phi.6 is not entered as the result of a fast timeout (FWBXTO). The Register-Sender (RS) Memory is updated and control is returned to module C.phi.6 for further analysis.

b. Determines which additional translations and/or program modules are required by utilizing the NJR field, NJR field descriptions are as follows:

NJR Job Description 0 No More Translations Required: Module C.phi.6 transfers control to the Digit Translation Analyzer program (module C08) to wait for reception of all the digits. Allowed on Six (AOS) Check: Performs a three-digit translation (drum table CTT) using the fourth, fifth, and sixth dialed digits (XD4, XD5, and XD6) to determine if these digits are allowed with an NPA code. Schedules C08X01 after a successful MANIP access. 2 Office code in the Home Number Plan Area (HNPA) which is also an Extended Local Area Calling Service (ELACS) Office code of a Foreign Number Plan Area (FNPA): Performs a three-digit translation (table CGT) using the first, second, and third dialed digits (XD1, XD2, and XD3) to determine the routing information pertaining to the HNPA. Schedules C08X01 after a successful MANIP access. 3 Three Digit Translation: Accesses table CTT using XD1, XD2, and XD3. Schedules C08X01 after a successful MANIP access. Every call processed by call processing will perform this translation at least once. 4 Four Digit Translation: Accesses table CGT using XD1, XD2, XD3, and XD4. Schedules C08X01 after a successful MANIP access. This type of translation would be required when the first three digits are a split office code and therefore a fourth digit is required for routing information. 5 Five Digit Translation: Accesses table CGT using XD1, XD2, XD3, XD4, and XD5. Schedules C08X01 after a successful MANIP access. This type of translation would be required when the first three digits can be an Indial Private Automatic Branch Exchange (PABX) of 100 or less numbers. Five digits are necessary to route this type of call. 6 Six Digit Translation: Accesses table CGT using XD1 through XD6. Schedules C08X01 after a successful MANIP access. This type of translation would be required when a direct trunk exists from EAX to an office in a Foreign NPA. EAX requires a total of six digits to determine if a direct trunk is to be used. 7 Ambiguous NPA Code: Module C06 attempts to determine whether the code dialed is an office code or a FNPA code. When a FNPA code is dialed EAX determines if the number is a directory number call, an information call, or a special code. 8 Initiate a Route Number Translation: Module C06 transfers control to C10X02 and a Route Number Translation if performed. 9 Collect More Digits: Module C06 transfers control to C08X02 when a code is dialed which requires Early Outpulsing (EOP) after a certain number of digits. The software must wait for the reception of these digits before outpulsing occurs.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Chg -- code Translation Information.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register/Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables - None.

4.1.3 Registers - None.

4.2 HARDWARE - None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chg -- code Translation Information.

Dhl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

5.1.2 Drum Tables - None.

5.1.3 Registers - None.

5.2 HARDWARE - None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C06X01 C06X01 is scheduled when additional digit translations are required. C06X01 also schedules drum table translations (CTT or CGT) and/or program modules as required. If an ambiguous code is dialed (NJR=7) C06X01 attempts to resolve whether the dialed code is an office or an NPA code. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C08X02 Digit Translation Analyzer program C08X02 is scheduled by module C06 when the Previous Job Run (PJR) does not entail additional drum translations (PJR=0, 8, or 9). C10X02 Route Translations Initialization program: C10X02 is entered only to initiate route number translation. It initiates the drum translation (CRN) then schedules the Route Number and Directory Number Translation program (module C15). program (module C15). C26X02 Final Processor program: C26X02 terminates the call by returning reorder tone from the Register Junctor (RJ). C31X03 Local Call Process Maintenance Program (LCPMP): This exit point is called when module C06 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate Teletypewriter (TTY) message. For module C06 the subscriber is given lockout via C26X04. F35X01 Data Manipulator (MANIP) program: Used by resident and non-resident programs to access drum memory. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C27X01 Sender-Receiver Assigner. F05X01 Register-Sender Write.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

module C06 is the overall controller of the digit analysis process. Mudule C06 performs two major functions: (1) it determines the next job to perform via the NJR field, (2) it resolves certain dialed code ambiguities. Module C06 also accomplishes the software idling of dropped TCMF receivers via the CMD field mechanism.

The primary responsibility of module C06 is to determine which additional jobs, drum translations, and/or program modules are required to complete the digit analysis portion of call processing. This is accomplshed by utilizing the NJR field as defined below:

NJR Job Description 0 No More Translations Required. 1 AOS Procedure. 2 ELACS Protected Office Code. 4 Four Digit translation. 5 Five Digit Translation. 6 Six Digit Translation. 7 Ambiguous Code. 8 Route Number Translation. 9 EOP -- Wait for Digits.

Module C06 attempts to resolve existing ambiguities between NPA and office codes (NJR = 7). This is accomplished utilizing the Incoming Digit Count (IDC) and the values of the dialed digits. Most of the time the RS is given a Totals (XTL) value of 10, and a Fast Timeout (FTO) value of 7. In this case, when FTO occurs, a total of only seven digits were dialed (IDC = 7), thus indicating an office code was dialed. No more translations are required and the routing information for the call is contained in table CTT. When IDC = 10, an NPA code is indicated and a CGT translation is required in order to retrieve the routing data. This occurs when a RS Translation Interrupt (TRI = 1) is indicated (IDC = XTL).

When an office has ambiguous codes and if it also allows certain special codes (e.g. toll operator NPA + 411), FTO must then be engineered so that it equals 15. This enables the RS to perform fast timing after each digit. Fast timing after each digit is necessary since it is impossible to determine the total number of digits to be received (XTL = 7,XTL = 6, XTL = 10). When a FTO interrupt with a IDC equal to 6 occurs, the specific values of the dialed digits are checked to determine which special code was dialed. When IDC = 7 or 10, processing is performed as previously discussed. When the ambiguity cannot be resolved, the subscriber is given reorder tone because he is not following the dialing plan.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Module C06 utilizes the CMD mechanism to software idle receivers via the Sender/Receiver Assigner Routine (module C27). In the following two situations the CMD mechanism is set during Digit Analysis by the Digit Translation Analyzer program (module C08).

For the first situation, module C08 determines that all digits will be received prior to the next scheduling of module C06, thus CMD is set and written into RS Memory. When the RS finds a Totals-Incoming Digit Count match (XTL = IDC), the attached receiver is dropped. Module C06 is then given control on a TRI equal to 1 interrupt (IDC = XTL). With TRI = 1and CMD = 1, module C06 accesses module C27 in order to software idle the particular receiver dropped by the RS. If a FTO occurs with CMD = 1, the second mechanism is then used to idle the receiver.

For the second situation, module C08 determines that all digits are received and then issues an Instruction Field instruction (IN = 14) along with a CMD=1 indication to the RS. The RS then drops the receiver (TRI = 7) and module C06 gains control. Module C06 discovers the CMD = 1 indication and utilizes module C27 to software idle the assigned receiver.

C.phi.7 -- fig. 77

1. name --c.phi.7 -- local Pretranslator module.

2. PURPOSE

The Local Pretranslator program (module C07) prepares the local subscribers digit trains for the digit analysis process. Any prefix digits must be deleted from the Register-Sender (RS) Memory in order to standardize all digit trains input for digit analysis.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module CO7 performs the following functions;

a. Indicates a 0 prefix dialed (CHQVPD= 3); deletes the 0 prefix digit from RS Memory; and exits to the digit analysis program by setting NJR = PJR = 3, where NJR is the Next Job to Run and PJR is the Previous Job Run. This procedure is followed when 0+ dialing is in effect (CEPZPD = 1), and the first digit dialed is a 0.

b. Indicates a 1 prefix dialed (CHQVPD = 2); deletes the 1 prefix digit from RS Memory; sets up transfer control parameters (NJR = PJR = 3); and exits to the digit analysis program. This procedure is followed when 1+ dialing is in effect (CEPOPD = 1), and the first digit dialed is a 1, and the second digit dialed is not a 1.

c. Indicates no prefix operation required (CHQVPD = 1); sets up translation control parameters, and exits to the digit analysis program for all other digit inputs.

d. Schedules the digit analysis program, after the RS collects three digits. When insufficient digits (less than three) are collected, an error message indicating a problem in the data base is output on the Teletypewriter (TTY).

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cep -- engineered Office Parameters.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register-Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chg -- code Translation Information.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry. C07X01 Scheduled by the Originating Class Of Service Analysis program (module C02) after the RS receives three digits (actually four digits are received when 0+ or 1+ dialing is in use). The dialing plan of the office, the first, and possibly the second dialed digit determine if the subscriber dialed a valid prefix. When a prefix is dialed, its value is saved in a core table and the digit is deleted from RS Memory. Digit Analysis therefore is given control, with the proper first three digits, to perform a translation. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C06X01 Digit Translation Initialization program: C06X01 is scheduled when additional digit translations are required. C31X03 Local Call Process Maintenance Program (LCPMP): This exit point is called when module C07 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate TTY message, the Work Area (WA) is released. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names F08X01 Register-Sender Write.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

digit analysis is necessary in processing all calls; therefore, an input format which is common to both local and non-local originations is required. Under the 0+ and/or 1+ dialing option, deletion of valid prefix digits is performed before initiating a three digit translation. The local subscriber's pretranslation process is performed by module C07. Module C07 also ensures that at least three dialed digits are delivered to digit analysis.

8.2 TECHNIQUE -- Not applicable.

* NOTES TO FIG. 77

1. if a one has been dialed a check will be made for special codes 11x in which case the one is not considered a prefix.

2. probable error in initial digit reception instructions (xtl, prf, zoc) when issufficient digits

c.phi.8 -- figs. 78-78b

1. name -- digit Translation Module.

2. PURPOSE

The Digit Translation Analyzer program (module C08) is responsible for analyzing data retrieved from drum table translations (CCT/CGT) initiated by the Digit Translation Initialization program (module C06). The specific functions performed by module C08 depend upon the job previously done by module C06 as indicated by the Previous Job Run (PJR) field. The PJR field equals the Next Job Run (NJR) field (NJR value prior to last translation) and is completely internal to Digit Analysis.

Module C08 performs certain functions which are common to all calls. These common functions include processing of Early Outpulsing (EOP), disconnecting Touch Call Multifrequency (TCMF) receivers, and restricting the allowable (engineerable) values of NJR.

Module C08 sets up for additional digit analysis, exits to the terminating process, or routes the call to intercept depending upon the analysis of each call.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C08 performs the following functions:

a. Indicates an error and schedules the Local Call Process Maintenance Program (module C31) for a Teletypewriter (TTY) error message when, upon entry to module C08, the PJR value is out of its allowable range (PJR greater than or equal to 8).

b. Sets NJR equal to 0 to restrict further translations when no coincidence is found on drum and module C08 is scheduled after a drum translation is performed by module C06. Module C08 returns to module CO6 only when insufficient digits are received (CHQADR = 0).

c. Performs the Allowed On Six (AOS) check when PJR=1 and coincidence is found on the drum, if code is AOS, check the fourth through sixth dialed digits (XD4-XD6) for a special code. If the code is not AOS, route the call to intercept.

1. For Number Plan Area (NPA) + 411 toll information (XD4 through XD6 equal 411 respectively) set the All Digits Received (ADR) indicator to 1. When information calls are free (CEPFCI = 1) reset the Coin Deposit Required (CDR) indicator and set NJR t0 0 to restrict further translations.

2. For NPA + 555 + 1212 toll information (XD4 through XD6 equal 555 respectively), set the Register-Sender (RS) Totals to 10. When information calls are free (CEPFCI = 1) reset the CDR indicator and set NJR to 0 to restrict further translations.

d. Performs the same functions for PJR = 2 (ELACS Protected Office) as for PJR = 3 when the first three digits are identified as an office code.

e. Retrieves the Code Identification (CID) field and proceeds as a function of its value when PJR = 3 and coincidence is found on the drum:

1. For Strowger Automatic Toll Ticketing (SATT) Access codes (CDI = 1), set the Value Prefix Digit (VPD) to 2 to indicate 1 + dialing, delete the first three digits, and set NJR = 3 for a three-digit translation; then return to module C06.

2. for Reverting Call Access code (CID = 2) in an office arranged for option "A" dialing (119--XY) set the XTL field to 2, set NJR to 0 for no more translations required indication, set the Reverting Call Circuit (RCC), when equipped, to 1 to delete the first three digits (119) from RS Memory and initialize the RS Memory for reception of additional digits.

3. For Reverting Call Access code (CID = 2) in an office arranged for option "E" dialing (119-NXX-XXXX), delete the first three digits (119) set NJR = 3 for a three-digit translation (drum Table CTT) on NXX, and set the XTL field in RS Memory to 3 to enable the collection of additional digits.

4. For Home NPA (HNPA) code (CDI = 3) determine whether HNPA dialing is allowed (CEPHCA). If allowed (CEPHCA = 1), delete the first three digits and set NJR = 3 for a three-digit translation on the next three digits. If not allowed (CEPHCA = 0), retrieve the route number for the invalid code intercept.

5. For Unused or Service Codes (CID = 4), set the ADR indicator to 1 CHQADR = 1) and pass control to the Route Translation Initialization program (module C10) for retrieval of routing information. When a receiver is attached (CHQRSA = 1), issue an IN instruction (IN = 14) and a Conditional Matrix Disconnect (CMD) value equal to 1 in order to drop the receiver. Set NJR = 8 so module C06 can schedule module C10 after processing the CMD = 1.

6. for Terminating Toll Center (TTC) or Operator Codes (CID = 5), check the Special Code Allowed (SCA) indicator. If TTC or Operator Codes are allowed (SCA = 1) the RS is instructed to continue normal processing. If TTC or Operator Codes are not allowed (SCA = 0) retrieve the route number for invalid code intercept and route the call appropriately.

7. For INWATS Access Code (CDI = 6), continue processing. If NJR is not equal to 0 a data base error exists and the Local Call Process Maintenance Program (module C31) is scheduled to output a Teletypewriter (TTY) message.

8. For Office Codes (CDI = 7), determine if the code is Extended Local Area Calling Service (ELACS) protected (CHGECP = 1) with a prefix digit dialed (1 + : CHQVPD = 2). If so, set NJR = 2 for an ELACS translation. For NJR values of 4, 5, or 0 continue processing. For all other NJR values indicate a data base error and schedule module C31 to output an error message.

9. For Foreign NPA (FNPA) codes (CID = 8), continue processing if NJR equals 1 or 6. Perform an Allowed On Six check or a six-digit translation respectively. For all other NJR values, schedule module C31 for an error message output.

10. For Special Codes (CDI = 9), continue processing as a function of the NJR value.

11. For Ambiguous Codes (CDI = 10), save the NJR value from the translation table, set NJB to 7 for ambiguous code processing in module CO6, and initialize the RS according to the translation data.

f. For four-digit translations (PJR = 4) when coincidence is found on the drum and NJR = 0 or 5, continue processing, otherwise schedule module C31 for an error message output.

g. For five-digit translations (PJR = 5) when coincidence is found on the drum and NJR - 0 (no more translations required), continue processing; otherwise schedule module C31 for an error message output.

h. For six-digit translations (PJR = 6) when coincidence is found on the drum and NJR = 0 (no more translations required), continue processing, and perform the AOS check (AOS = 1); otherwise schedule module C31 for an error message output.

i. For FNPA codes (PJR = 7) when coincidence is found on the drum and the first three digits are identified as a FNPA code, perform an AOS check or six-digit translation when NJR = 1 or 6 respectively. For all other values of NRJ schedule module C31 for an error message output.

j. Module C08 utilizes an IN = 14 instruction and/or the CMD mechanism in disconnecting any TCMF receivers before terminating digit analysis.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion,

Cdp -- call Processing Engineered Parameters Table.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Chg -- code Translation Information.

Cja -- originators Class of Service Data.

Cxd -- drum Tables CTT and CGT.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chg -- program Generated Indicators.

Chq -- code Translation Information

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C08X01 Scheduled by module CO6 after a successful CTT or CGT drum translation. C08X01 is responsible for completely analyzing the retrieved information. It determines whether to schedule module C06 for additional data collection (e.g. collect additional digits and/or perform another drum translation) or to schedule some other module for continuing call processing or processing an error condition. C08X02 Scheduled by module C06 when the PJR entailed no additional drum translations (PJR = 0, 8, or 9). C08X02 ensures that all digits are received, drops any TCMF receivers which might be connected, and schedules the Tandem Screening Check program (module C12). 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C06X01 Digit Translation Initialization program: C06X01 is scheduled when additional digit translations are required. C10X02 Route Translation Initialization prgram: C10X02 is called by module C08 when a special three-digit code is dialed which does not require charge analysis. It is also called by module C08 when the call is to be terminated to an intercept route. C12X01 Tandem Screening Check program: C12X01 is given control by module C08 to determine if a call initiated by a non-local subscriber is allowed by EAX. C31X03 Local Call Processing Maintenance Program (LCPMP): This exit point is called when module C08 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate TTY message. For module C08 the subscriber is given lockout via C26X04. F08X01 RS Access program: This exit point is used for writing in RS memory. It also has the capability to write and to read-modify-write.

7. SUBROUTINES USED -- None

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

module CO8 is responsible for analyzing the data retrieved from drum (tables CTT/CGT) by module CO6. The functions performed by module CO8 depend upon the PJR field. The PJR field is an indicator of the last job run by module CO6.

Module CO8 sets up all the requirements for additional digit analysis (schedules module CO6), or terminates digit analysis by either routing to intercept or exiting to module C12. The above is accomplished as a function of CID when PJR = 3. When module CO8 determines that additional analysis is required the RS is initialized by setting the XTL and Fast Timeout (FTO) fields as required. Module CO6 is then scheduled to run on a RS translation interrupt and the NJR field can be set to a new value. Module CO8 also also performs special code checks on the inputting digits. These checks include instructions to route call to intercept when necessary. Certain digits may be deleted from the RS module CO8. Data base checks are made on the PJR, NJR, and CID values. When any of the values are invalid, module C31 is scheduled.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

When, during the analysis of CID, it is determined that all digits were received (ADR = 1) and when no more translations are required (NJR = 0), module CO8 terminates digit analysis by scheduling module C12. However, if a TCMF receiver is attached to the call, it must first be disconnected. This accomplished by giving the RS an IN instructions (IN = 14) and setting CMD to 1. The Translation Interrupt (TRI) issued by the RS (TRI = 7) causes the scheduling of module CO6. Module CO6 uses the CMD = 1 instruction as an indication to software idle the receiver then returns to module CO8 to conclude digit analysis. C.phi.9

1. name -- pattern Recognition Handler module.

2. PURPOSE

The Pattern Recognition Handler program (module CO9) is scheduled to analyze and handle Register Sender (RS) translation interrupts caused by the detection of specific digit patterns. Two digit patters (0 and 11) are recognized by the RS and handled by module CO9. A 9 pattern implies that the call is to be routed immediately to an operator. A 11 pattern implies that a special three digit service code is being dialed.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module CO9 performs the following functions:

a. Sets CHQRTO to equal to 3 and exits to the Route Translation Initialization program (module C10) when Q+ dialing is not in effect (CEPZPD = 0) and the first dialed digit is zero. This routes the call to an operator trunk.

b. Outputs a warning message (data base error) on the Office Teletypewriter (TTY) then routes the call as in function (a) when 0+ dialing is in effect (CEPZPD = 1) and the first dialed digit is a zero. Module CO9 should not be entered under the above conditions.

c. Schedules the Local Pretranslator program (module CO7) on a TRI = 1 interrupt after three digits are received with 1+ dialing is in effect (CEPOPD = 1) and the first two digits are ones. This pattern specifics that a special code was dialed.

d. Outputs a warning message (data base error) on the office TTY and routes the call as in function (c) for all other digit patterns.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Cep -- engineered Office Parameters.

Cja -- original Class Data.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Imate

4.1.2 Drum Tables - None.

4.1.3 Registers - None.

4.2 HARDWARE - None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core tables

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables - None.

5.1.3 Registers - None.

5.2 HARDWARE - None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C09X01 C09X01 is scheduled by the RS Translation Interrupt Analysis program (module C11) when a Translation Interrupt (TRI=2) is detected in RS Memory and the Pattern Recognition Field (PRF) is non-zero (i.e. a valid TRI due to a desired digit pattern being recognized by the RS). Upon entry CO9XO1 must have an image of RS Memory (i.e. the dialed digits) in the Work Area (FWB). 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C10X03 Route Translation Initialization programs. C01X03 is called from module C09 when the call is to be selectively routed to an operator (subscriber dialed 0). F08X01 RS Access program: F08X01 is used for writing in RS Memory. This exit point has the capability to write and to read-modify-write. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C31X03 Local Call Process Maintenance Program (LCPMP-A). F08X01 Register Sender Write.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

eax is designed to start processing a call as soon as the Originating Marker (OM) detects an origination. After the originating process (e.g. dial tone) call processing normally ceases until three digits are received. Therefore, call processing relinquishes control to the RS, expecting to regain control after three digits are received. (XTL = IDC = 3 where XTL is the Totals Instruction and IDC is the Incoming Digit Count).

However if a subscriber dials a 0 only (operator assistance), the XTL = IDC mechanism does not function (XTL = 3, IDC = 1). This situation may be handled by using the Fast Timeout (FTO) or Zero Timeout (ZTO) mechanism of the RS. Using the timeout mechanism, however, may cause an unnecessary four second delay. Therefore the RS PRF mechanism is utilized in recognizing a first dialed digit of 0. The PRF is not to be used to recognize a 0 in an office allowing 0+ dialing. The ZTO mechanism is utilized for this situation. Upon recognition of a desired pattern, the PRF mechanism generates an immediate interrupt (TRI = 2), thus no time delay is encountered.

Another situation requiring the use of the PRF mechanism is when the office allows 1+ dialing and a subscriber dials a special service code in the form 11X, where X is any number between 1 and 0. Upon recognition of 1 as the first digit (1+ dialing), the RA Zero-One Code (ZOC) mechanism increments the XTL from three to four. However a 11X code is not part of 1+ dialing and therefore XTL should remain equal to 3. The RS PRF mechanism is therefore utilized to inform call processing that 11 was dialed call processing will set XTL back to three. Both of these situations utilize the PRF mechanism to generate a TRI = 2 interrupt. This interrupt is initiated while call processing waits for a TRI = 1 interrupt, and therefore module CO9 is required for processing TRI=2 interrupts.

8.2 TECHNIQUE -- Not applicable.

C1.phi. -- figs. 80-80a

1. name -- route Translation Initialization Module.

2. PURPOSE

The Route Translation Initialization program (module C10) is responsible for initiating the proper drum translation to retrieve the information required for terminating a call.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C10 performs the following functions:

a. Initiates a directory number translation when the call terminates locally.

b. Initiates a route number translation when a directory number translation is not required, and selective routing is not indicated.

c. Performs selective routing when required for proper termination. A Traffic Type Number (TTN) field is either passed to or constructed by C10 for use in accessing the drum to perform selective routing translations.

4 INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cep -- engineering Office Parameters.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Chg -- code Translation Information.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chg -- code Translation Information.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C10X01 C10X01 is entered to perform a directory, route, or selective route number translation. The data which indicates which translation to perform must be contained in overlay CHG of the Call History Table (CHT), and normally would be set up by the digit analysis process. C10X01 determines which translation is required, initiates that translation and schedules the Route Number and Directory Number Translation program (module C15). C10X02 C10X02 is entered only to initiate a route number translation. It initiates the drum translation (table CRN), then schedules module C15. C10X03 C10X03 is called by the Tandem Screening Check program (module C12) when an allowed extended Area Service (EAS) tandem call is being processed and selective routing is being used. It is also called by the Final Processor program (module C26) and the Pattern Recognition Handler program (module C09) when the call is selectively routed to an operator (subscriber dialed 0). C10X03 uses data contained in CHT tables CHG and CHQ to set up its search key. Then it initiates a drum translation of table CSR via the Data Manipulator program (module F35). Module C15 is scheduled upon a successful translation. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit F35X01 Data Manipulator (MANIP) program: Used by resident and non-resident program to access drum memory.

7. SUBROUTINES USED -- None.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

to successfully process a call, Call Processing software must first retrieve termination information. This termination information is required to instruct the terminating marker to complete the call. The software retrieves this information using one of three different methods.

Method 1 employs a Directory Number Translation, method 2 employs a Route Number translation, and method 3 employs a Selective Route Number translation. Logic is required in determining which one of these methods to utilize when retrieving the termination information.

Logic required to select the proper translation and initiate any one of the three translations is grouped together. Since every call must be terminated to some destination, it must pass through this combined logic. The logic acts as an interface between the modules which analyze the received digits and the modules which are responsible for terminating the call. This logic is incorporated in module C10.

C11 -- fig. 81

1. name -- register Sender Translation Interrupt Analysis Module.

2. PURPOSE

The Register Sender Translation Interrupt Analysis program (module C11) analyzes unexpected Register Sender (RS) Translation Interrupts (TRI). When the unexpected interrupt definitely is an error, the Local Call Processing Maintenance Program (module C31) is scheduled to handle the error condition. All other interrupts are either processed by module C11 directly, or transferred to another Call Processing module for additional analysis.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C11 performs the following functions:

a. The RS Access program (module F08) writes into RS Memory to enable interrupts (CTR = 1) and releases the Work Area (WA) when the RS is in the process of disconnecting the Register Junctor (RJ). A CHQTIE of 6 indication implies that Call Processing is waiting for a TRI of 6 response from the RS.

b. Branches to the Pattern Recognition Handler program (module C09) to process a TRI = 2 interrupt when the digit pattern indicated by the Pattern Recognition Field (PRF) in RS memory is recognized.

c. Utilizes the Sender Receiver Assigner program (module C27) to idle the receiver and branches to module F08 when a TRI = 7 interrupt (sender or receiver has been disconnected) occurs and a receiver is assigned to the call (CHQRSA = 1). Module F08 will enable interrupts and release the work area.

d. Branches to module C31 for all other unexpected TRI interrupts or when an error is encountered during the C27 access.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C11X01 C11X01 is scheduled by the RS Interrupt Handler program (module F51) or called by the Call Condition Analysis program (module C29) when the TRI generated by the RS does not match the expected interrupt indicated in CHQTIE. C11X01 handles the three non-error situations described above by properly interfacing with the Pattern Recognition Handler program (module C09) and module F08. When the unexpected interrupt is an error condition, C11X01 passes control to module C31 to format an error message on the Teletypewriter (TTY) and provide lockout for the subscriber. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C09X01 Pattern Recognition Handler program: C09X01 is called by module C11 when a TRI of 2 is detected in RS Memory and the PRF is not zero (i.e. a valid TRI due to a desired digit pattern being recognized by the RS). C31X03 Local Call Process Maintenance Program (LCPMP): This exit point is called when module C11 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate TTY message. For module C11 the subscriber is given lockout via C26X04. F08X01 RS Access Program: This exit point is used for writing in RS Memory. It also has the capability to write and to read-modify-write. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C27X01 Sender/Receiver Assigner.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

call Processing (CP) has a well defined interface with the RS subsystem in order to permit CP to perform a variety of tasks. The interface is designed to allow straightforward normal processing of a call. This interface enables CP to instruct the RS to perform a specific task, and when the task is completed, the RS returns a unique indication to CP. CP can instruct the RS to perform two separate tasks, such as instructions for returning to CP after three digits are collected or if a 0 is the first dialed digit (operator assistance).

For the above two tasks, CP sets up to expect the response of the three digits dialed; therefore, when a 0 is the first digit dialed, the response from the RS would be unexpected by CP. Module C11 was designed specifically to handle unexpected responses from the RS subsystem. Some unexpected RS responses are analyzed as legitimate so CP can continue. However, some unexpected RS responses are categorized and treated as errors.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

The only technique employed by module C11 is its ability to distinguish between valid interrupts and definite error conditions. Thus it is necessary to know which valid translation interrupts are detected and/or processed by module C11 to fully understand how unexpected RS responses are handled.

The CP originating process is set up to expect a TRI of 1 interrupt. This TRI occurs when the Incoming Digit Counter (IDC) equals the Totals (XTL) value. A TRI of 2 interrupt, due to the detection of a specified PRF digit pattern, is unexpected in normal call processing. Two situations where a TRI=2 interrupt occurs are when a 0 is detected as the first dialed digit (operator assistance), or when a 11 is detected as the first and second dialed digits (special service code form 11X, where X is any number from 1 to 0). Module C11 transfers control to module C09 where valid TRI = 2 interrupts are handled. A mixed line subscriber may input either Dial Pulses (DP) or Touch Call Multifrequency (TCMF). A TCMF receiver is therefore assigned to the call by the originating process and the RS is instructed to accept either DP or TCMF inputs. On detection of the first dialed digit from a rotary dial handset, the RS drops the TCMF receiver and generates a TRI = 7 interrupt. The TRI = 7 interrupt informs CP that a receiver was dropped. CP is expecting a TRI = 1 interrupt (XTL = IDC); therefore, the TRI = 7 interrupt is unexpected. Module C11 processes the TRI = 7 interrupt by idling the receiver and enabling the RS to generate another interrupt.

When module C11 determines that the unexpected interrupt occured while the RS was disconnecting the RJ (expecting a TRI=6 interrupt), it will ignore the interrupt, thus enabling the RS to complete disconnection of the RJ.

C12 -- fig. 82

1. name -- tandem Screening Check Module.

2. PURPOSE

The Tandem Screening Check program (module C12) determines if a call from a non-local originator is to be routed to the dialed destination or to intercept.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C12 performs the following functions:

a. Exits to the Charge and Coin Box Analysis program (module C13) when the call originates locally.

b. Accesses the Tandem Screening Matrix Table (CTS), for nonlocal originations, to determine if the originator's dialed destination is allowed. Table CTA is accessed using the Zone Associated With the Class of Service field (ZCL) of the Originating Class of Service table (CTN) and the Tandem Screening Zone field (ZTS) associated with the dialed destination (tables CTT or CGT).

c. Exits to the Route Translation Initialization program (module C10) with the Tandem Screening Intercept Route Number (CEPTSI) when the originator's dialed destination is not allowed.

d. Exits to module C10 to perform the correct routing translation when the dialed destination is allowed and Tandem Selective Routing is not required (CHGTSR = 0).

e. Exits to module C10 to perform a selective route translation when the dialed destination is allowed and Tandem Selective Routing is required (CHGTSR = 0).

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Cep -- engineering Office Parameters.

Cts -- tandem Screening Check.

Fjb -- base Level Junk Storage.

Chg -- code Translation Information.

Cja -- originating Class of Service Data.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chg -- code Translation Information.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C12X01 C12X01 is entered after the completion of digit analysis to determine if a non-local originator is allowed to terminate through the EAX. If the origination is local, control of the call is passed to charge analysis. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C10X01 Route Translation Initialization program: This exit point is used when a directory, route, or selective route number translation is to be performed. C10X02 Route Translation Initialization program: This exit point is used only to initiate a route number translation. C10X03 Route Translation Initialization program: This exit point is called by module C12 when an allowed Extended Area Service (EAS) tandem call is being processed and selective routing is being used. C13X01 Charge and Coin Box Analysis program: This exit point is used by module C12 when the origination is determined to be local.

7. SUBROUTINES USED -- None.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

when neither the origination nor the termination is local to the EAX, the call is said to be tandeming through the EAX. Toll tandeming traffic is not allowed by No. 1 EAX; only EAS tandem traffic is permitted. EAS traffic is defined as local (free) or Message Rate Service (MRS) calls origintaing within an EAS zone. EAS traffic is different from toll traffic in that toll traffic can only be switched through the toll network.

Module C12 is assigned the task of determining if the tandem calls are allowed, by screening out all toll tandem calls.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Call processing employs a matrix table (CTS) in performing the tandem screening function. Table CTS is accessed utilizing two indices (ZCL and ZTS). ZCL is used to categorize any non-local originator into one of eight possible groups of originators (toll and up to seven possible EAS zones). ZTS is used to categorize any possible destination into one of eight possible groups of destinations (local, toll, and up to six possible EAS zones).

Module C12 is designed to allow the call when the table CTS entry for a given non-local originator (ZCL) and destination (ZTS) is 0. When the entry is 1, the call is blocked (i.e. routed to intercept).

As an example of how table CTS is engineered. Assume the EAX (office code 859) is assigned a ZTS value of 0 (local destinations). Assume that all toll originations and destinations are assigned a ZCL value of 5 and a ZTS value of 6 respectively. Finally, assume that two EAS offices are allowed to tandem calls to one another through EAX. Office 673 is assigned values of 2 and 3 to ZCL and ZTS respectively. Office 492 is assigned values of 3 and 2 to ZCL and ZTS respectively.

In the above example it is noted that all non-local originations attempting to terminate locally (ZTS = 0) are allowed. Also, all toll tandem traffic is blocked (ZCL = 5 and ZTS = 6).

Office 492 is allowed to tandem to 673 and vice-versa; however, office 492 is blocked from tandeming back to itself. This also applies to office 673.

C13 -- figs. 83-83b

1. name -- charge and Coin Box Analysis Module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Charge and Coin Box Analysis program (module C13) performs additional analysis for all locally originated calls. More specifically, module C13 determines if a call is toll and if a coin was deposited for paystation originations.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C13 performs the following functions:

a. Determines if a call is toll by comparing the Zone Associated with the Originator (ZCL) to the Zone Associated with the Destination (ZNC) via the Check Zone Table (CCZ).

b. If the call is toll:

1. Determines if the office has a Local Automatic Message Accounting (LAMA) ticketer.

2. Determines if the call is to be ticketed by LAMA via the Toll Check Table (CTC).

3. sets a flag indicating that selective routing should be employed when a call is to be ticketed by a non-EAX ticketing system.

4. Inhibits Early Outpulsing (EOP) when the call is to be ticketed by Centralized Automatic Message Accounting (CAMA), Strowger Automatic Toll Ticketing (SATT), or Traffic Service Position System (TSPS).

5. interfaces with the Sender/Receiver Assigner program (module C27) to software idle a receiver when one has been dropped, usually after all the digits are received. This situation arises when EOP is inhibited.

6. Determines if Incoming Wide Area Telephone Service (INWATS) is being used, and if so, indicates that the call is to be traffic sampled.

7. Retrieves the Foreign WATS state route number (CEPRNI) for INWATS calls which have originated in the foreign WATS state.

8. Retrieves a route number, via the Separate Toll Routing Table (CDR), for calls which are ticketed by EAX and are to be routed differently than non-toll calls.

c. If the call is non-toll:

1. Routes the call to an intercept route number when the subscriber is not following the prescribed dialing plan (1+ prefix). The check for 1+ is made via the Extended Local Area Calling Service (ELACS) Check Table (CEC) and is optional within the office.

2. Determines if the originator has Message Rate Service (MRS) when an EAX ticketer is present.

3. Determines if the origination is a paystation.

4. Determines if paystation originators have deposited the proper coin when a coin deposit is required.

5. Routes the call to an intercept when a paystation originator fails to deposit the required coin.

6. Schedules C1OXO1 if a route number translation is to be performed.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Ccz -- check Zone.

Cdr -- toll Destination Route.

Cec -- elacs check.

Cep -- engineering Office Parameters.

Chg -- code Translation Information.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cja -- originating Class of Service Data.

Ctc -- toll Check Table.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chg -- code Translation Information.

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C13X01 C13X01 is entered by the Tandem Screening Check program (module C12) after Digit Analysis determines the route (as per dialed destination) and determines if the call was locally originated. C13X01 performs all the functions involved in determining if the call is toll, if a LAMA ticketer is present, and for paystation originations, if a coin was deposited. C13X02 C13X02 is scheduled internally by module C13 through an interface with the Register Sender (RS). The RS will reschedule C13 via this entry line when all digits have been received. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C10X01 Route Translation Initialization program: C10X01 is used to perform a directory, route, or selective route number translation. C10X02 Route Translation Initialization program: C10X02 is only used to initiate a route number translation. C31X01 Local Call Process Maintenance Program (LCPMP): This exit point is called when module C13 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate Teletypewriter (TTY) message. For module C13, the subscriber is given lockout via C26X04.

Notes to FIGS. 83-83B.

1. chqlwa is still set up from previous c13xo2 entry.

2. prepare to drop receivers:

fwbxin .fwdarw. 14

fwbcmd .fwdarw.1

fwbxtl .fwdarw. 0

fwbctr .fwdarw. 1

chqtie .fwdarw. 7

xr2 .fwdarw. 9

c14 -- fig. 84

1. name -- directory Number Retrieval Module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Directory Number Retrieval Program (module C14) retrieves the directory number of an originator, from drum memory.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C14 performs the following functions:

a. Determines if a directory number if available for a particular origination by accessing the Directory Number Availablility Table (CDA).

b. Determines whether or not the origination is from a Private Automatic Branch Exchange (PABX), when a directory number is available.

c. Determines what type of PABX billing is in effect, when a directory number is available and origination is from a PABX.

d. Initiates a Line Number Identity (LNI) or a Trunk Number Identity (TNI) to a directory number translation (table CDN or CTD), when individual line or trunk directory billing is in effect for the PABX, and a directory number is available.

e. Initiates a Published Directory Number Billing Group (PDG) to directory number translation (table CGD), when published directory number billing is in effect for the PABX and a directory number is available.

f. Initiates a LNI to directory number translation (table CDN), when the origination is not a PABX and a directory number is available.

g. Places zeros in the calling directory number field when directory numbers are not available for local originations. Directory numbers will never be available for non-local originations.

h. Sets a flag indicating that an attempt was made to retrieve a directory number for a particular call. This flag ensures that module C14 is entered no more than once for any given origination.

i. Sets a flag indicating if the directory number is associated with a Home Number Plan Area (HNPA) or a Foreign Number Plan Area (FNPA).

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class Of Service Expansion.

Chc -- originating Marker Data Frame Received.

Cja -- originating Class of Service Data.

Cxk -- drum Tables CTD, CDN, and CGD.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C14X01 C14X01 is called from the Termination cycle program (module C19) when the directory number of the calling party is required for ticketing purposes. C14X02 C14X02 is scheduled by module C14 upon a successful completion of the drum translation to retrieve the calling party's directory number. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C19X03 Termination Cycle program: C19X03 is used as the return point into module C19 after module C14 has retrieved the calling party'directory number. F35X01 Data Manipulator (MANIP) program: Used by resident and non-resident programs to access drum memory. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C29X01 Call Condition Analysis.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

A toll or software controlled Message Rate Service (MRS) call requires the unique identification of the originator for proper ticketing. Without this identification, the operating company would be unable to properly bill its customers. This unique identification is the originator's directory number. EAX calls may be ticketed by EAX or they may be sent to another office for ticketing. In either case the directory number of the calling party is required. EAX is designed for Automatic Number Identification (ANI); therefore, operator intervention for retrieving the originator's directory number normally is not required. However, EAX cannot uniquely identify the originator if from a four-party line; therefore, Operator Number Identification (ONI) is required for this case.

Module C14 is assigned the task of retrieving the calling party's directory number when it is available.

8.2 TECHNIQUE -- Not applicable.

C15 - figs. 85-85d

1. name -- route Number and Directory Number Translation Module.

2. PURPOSE

The Route Number and Directory Number Translation program (module C15) provides for the preliminary analysis of data retrieved from drum memory after a route or directory number translation.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C15 performs the following functions:

a. The following functions are performed for directory number translations:

1. Routes calls to vacant terminal intercept (CEPVTI) when no coincidence is found on drum or when the invalidity bit is set.

2. Initiates a route number translation when the data from drum is not in line matrix format.

b. The following functions are performed for selective route number translations:

1. Ensures that all digits are received before continuing the termination process if the dialed code had indicated Early Outpulsing (EOP) and the terminating data did not indicate EOP.

2. initiates the outputting of a warning (possible permanent condition) message on the Teletypewriter (TTY) when selective routing was due to a permanent or interdigital timeout, and the call is not being routed to a permanent signal trunk.

c. The following functions are performed for alternate route translations:

1. Ensures that all digits are received before continuing the terminating process (delayed alternate route), of the alternate route data indicates no EOP and the primary route indicates EOP.

2. ensures that the alternate route does not point to reorder tone, busy tone, or lockout (no need to wait for all digits) prior to collecting any more digits.

d. Passes control to the appropriate module for processing when the route number points to reorder tone, busy tone, or lockout for route number, alternate route number and selective route number translations.

e. The following functions are performed for all translations:

1. Places the called number and all pertinent termination data into the Call History Table (CHT).

2. performs a blocking check to ensure the originator is allowed to access the dialed destination. Routes the call to intercept when the dialed destination is not allowed.

3. Formats the alternate route indicator (so it may be used at a later time) when an alternate route is available to the desired termination, the originator is allowed to use the alternate termination route, and the alternate route is not cancelled (overload condition).

4. Accesses the Alternate Route Control program (module C21) when an alternate route timeout or retrial attempt is being processed.

5. Initiates a routing translation to the reverting call circuit (when required).

6. Passes control to the Selector Matrix Routing program (module C16).

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Car -- line Alternate Route.

Cbc -- blocked Call Route.

Cbm -- blocking Matrix.

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Cdc -- digit to Ringing Code.

Cep -- engineering Office Parameters.

Chc -- originating Marker Frame Received.

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chl -- ticketing and Interface Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cja -- originating Class of Service Data.

Cox -- (where X = A, B, I or O) -- Trunk Expansion Table.

Cra -- recorded Announcement.

Cxf -- drum Tables CRN and CDN.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cwb -- pretranslator Drum Table CPD.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C15X01 Scheduled upon successful completion of all route number translations. C15X02 Scheduled upon successful completion of all directory number translations. C15X03 Scheduled upon successful completion of a selective routing translation. C15X04 Scheduled after successful completion of an alternate route number translation. C15X05 Scheduled upon successful completion of a retrial or delayed alternate route number translation. C15X06 Scheduled internally by module C15 when a delayed alternate route is being processed and it becomes necessary to drop all existing paths while waiting for all digits to be received. C15X06 will be scheduled after the Register Sender (RS) successfully drops all paths. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C16X01 Selector Matrix Routing program: C16X01 is used by each call on its initial attempt to establish selector matrix routing. C21X01 Alternate Route Control program: C21X01 is used by module C15 after it determines that the route it is processing is an alternate route, timeout or retrial. C26X02 Final Processor program: C26X02 is used when a call is terminated by sending the subscriber reorder tone. C26X03 Final Processor program: C26X03 is used when a call is terminated by sending the subscriber busy tone. C26X04 Final Processor program: C26X04 is used when a call is terminated by sending the subscriber lockout reorder tone. C29X03 Call Condition Analysis program: C29X03 is used to release the Work Area (WA) from the call, and check if there are any unprocessed RS interrupts. C31X03 Local Call Process Maintenance Program: This exit point is called when module C15 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate TTY message. For module C15 the subscriber is given lockout via C26X04. E01X06 DPU Scheduler (RESKED) program: E01X06 is used to cause the DPU Scheduler to add a run request to a queue. F08X01 RS Access program: F08X01 is used for writing in RS Memory. This exit point has the capability to write and to read-modify-write. F35X01 Data Manipulator (MANIP) program: F35X01 is used by resident and non-resident programs to access drum memory.

7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C16X06 Selector Matrix Routing. C28X01 Call Processing Printout Control. F08X01 RS Access.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

the following discussion covers both modules C15A and C15B. EAX routing capabilities are extremely complex: therefore it is inconceivable to have all the termination data under one format and in a common translation table. The termination data is therefore stored in several different translation tables. Call Processing accesses these translation tables for any of the following situations:

a. Directory Number Translations (normal).

b. Route Number Translations (normal).

c. Selective Route Number Translations (normal).

d. Alternate Route Number Translations.

e. Delayed Alternate Route Number Translations.

f. Selective Route Number Translation due to a permanent or an interdigital timeout.

g. Retrial Attempt -- Directory Number Translation.

i. Retrial Attempt -- Route Number Translation.

A slight difference in processing is required for each the above situations.

Module C15 is designed to perform an initial analysis of the termination data and prepare for the common processing of the terminating process.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

One of the many functions of module C15 is to determine if the originator is permitted to terminate to the dialed destination. If termination is not permitted, the call is routed to an intercept.

Module C15 employs the Blocking Matrix (CBM) table in determining if a given call is allowed. The CBM table is accessed utilizing the Originating Blocking Type (OBT) and Terminating Blocking Type (TBT) as indices. OBT is associated with an originator and is obtained from the originating common Class Of Service (COS) data. TBT is associated with the dialed destination and is obtained from the routing translation (termination) data.

Both OBT and TBT may range in value from 0 to 31, making table CBM a 32 by 32 matrix. Each entry within CBM may range in value from 0 to 7. When the entry is CBM at the desired intersection of OBT and TBT is 0, the call is allowed. When the CBM entry is non-zero, the call is blocked.

In order that blocked calls be given the flexibility of being routed to several different intercept routes, blocked entries in CBM may specify values from 1 to 7. This value is then utilized as an index in the Blocked Call Route (CBC) table. Table CBD is then used to retrieve one of seven possible intercept routes.

An example of the OBT-TBT blocking mechanism in use is when a Private Automatic Branch Exchange (PABX) subscriber wants all non-local calls blocked. For this particular situation a unique OBT value is assigned to the PABX inlets. Table CBM is engineered to block all calls whose TBT values indicate a non-local termination. The intercept route can be to an operator or special recorded announcement.

C16 -- figs. 86-86b

1. name -- selector Matrix Routing Module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Selector Matrix Routing program (module C16) provides a means for systematically determining paths from the Selector Group Inlet 7 (SGI) to the Selector Group Outlet (SGO). The paths are chosen on the basis of the number of Terminating Marker (TM) accesses required in the termination of the call.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C16 performs the following functions:

a. Determines if an insertion junctor (annoyance call, block answer supervision or section) is required.

b. Limits the total number of junctor hook-ups and restricts the order in which the junctors are connected when insertion junctors are required.

c. Determines the SGO for each unique insertion junctor and final path required to complete the call.

1. Accesses table CTI to select a unique insertion junctor and Terminating Trunk Group Number (TGN). The final path TGN value is obtained from the routing data (tables CRN and CDN).

2. accesses table COX utilizing the TGN value to select the appropriate SGO in order to complete the loop through the Selector Matrix (SMX).

d. Establishes the final path through the SMX for alternate routes when only the final loop is required.

e. Initiates an Originating junctor (OJ) translation (table CLO) for all calls which originate on Line Matrix (LMX) equipment. This determines the SGI for the first loop. This translation is performed only once for a given call.

f. Passes the SGI of the origination and the SGO information of each path to be pulled through the SMX to the Termination Cycle program (module C19) to provide interface with the TM.

g. Initiates a trunk Message Rate Service (MRS) scan point translation (table CSM) for all incoming MRS), Private Branch Exchange (PBX), or Private Automatic Branch Exchange (PABX) trunks. This translation is performed only once for a given call.

h. Informs the ticketing subsystem of new originations and passes the OJ or trunk ticketing scan point to ticketing.

i. Determines if the trunk groups selected are Balanced Oversized Trunk Groups (BOT). When BOT equals 1 it allows selection of a TGN group based on a random indicator.

j. Transfers control (after performing OJ or trunk translations) to module C19 for all line terminations (CXFLXT = 1), and to the Route Number Expansion Analysis program (module C17) for all trunk terminations (CXFLXT = 0).

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Cep -- engineering Office Parameters.

Chc -- originating Marker Data Frame Received.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cox (=a,b,i,o) -- trunk Expansion Tables.

Cja -- originating Class of Service Data.

Cta -- trunk Group Number Access.

Cti -- trunk Group Number for Insertion Junctors.

Cwb -- termination Set-Up and Control Work Area.

Cxj -- drum Table CSM.

Cxh -- drum Table CLO.

Cxf -- drum Tables CRN and CDN.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cwb -- termination Set-up and Control Work Area.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register/Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C16X01 is used by each call on its initial attempt to establish SMX routing. C16X02 is entered on alternate routes when only the final SMX path needs to be pulled. C16X03 is scheduled by the Data manipulator program (module F35) after a successful return from a CLO drum translation for retrieval of OJ SGI and MRS information. C16X04 is entered on alternate routes when a path is already pulled and an insertion junctor might be required. C16X05 is scheduled by module F35 after a successful return from a CSM drum translation of MRS scan point information. C16X06 is used to access core table COX for retrieval of SGO data for each path pulled through the SMX. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C17X01 Route Number Expansion Analysis program: C17X01 is branched to upon exit from module C16 when the call is to terminate on a selector matrix outlet. C19X01 Termination Cycle program: C19X01 is used when the TM is required to pull a path through the network. C31X03 Local Call Process Maintenance Program: C31X03 is called when module C16 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate Teletypewriter (TTY) message. For module C16 the subscriber is given lockout via C26X04. F35X01 Data Manipulator (MANIP) program: F35X01 is used by resident and nonresident programs to access drum memory. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C16X06 Selector Matrix Routing. F08X01 Register Sender Access. T01X01 Ticketing Strings.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

as a part of the terminating process, Call Processing must establish certain paths or loops through the SMX. This provides intermediate distribution of the traffic from various trunks and junctors on the SMX inlets, to various trunks and junctors on the SMX outlets. The paths pulled through the SMX provide access to one of a group of outlet equipment.

Module C16 is designed to set up these paths through the SMX. Module C16 first must determine the type and quantity of insertion junctors required. The three types of insertion junctors are:

1. Block Answer Supervision (BASJ).

2. annoyance Call Junctor (ACJ).

3. section Junctor (SJ).

No more than two insertion junctors are allowed on any one call; thus no more than three paths can be pulled through the SMX (two insertion junctor paths plus the final path to the Terminating Junctor (TJ) or outgoing trunk). Because of the various functions performed by insertion junctors, the order of their hook-up is restricted. Following is a list of insertion junctors in the order of hook-up (when two junctors are required):

CALL TYPE A CALL TYPE B CALL TYPE C (1) SJ (1) BASJ (1) ACJ (2) BASJ (2) ACJ (2) SJ

To select an appropriate junctor and retrieve its TGN value, table CTI is accessed when it is determined that an insertion junctor is required. This TGN value is then used to access table COX (where X = A,B,0, or 1) in order to obtains the SGO information. The SGO data defines a subset of outlets on the C-matrix which the TM may use to pull a path through the SMX. One of the many functions of module C16 is in the order of insertion junctor hook-up.

Module C16 establishes the SGO information for all paths (including the final path which connects to a TJ or outgoing trunk) required for a particular call. Data defining the SGI for the first loop of line originations is retrieved from drum translation table CLO. For trunks there is a one to one relationship between incoming trunks and selector matrix inlets thus requiring no drum translation in C16 for SGI data. All of this data (SGI and SGO) is then passed to the TM enabling the actual paths to be pulled by the hardware.

When the origination is a MRS trunk, module C16 performs a CSM drum table translation in order to retrieve the MRS scan point for the ticketing subsystem. The ticketing subsystem is also passed scan point data from all OJ's which have MRS scan points.

For line terminations module C16 passes control to module C19 to allow the pulling of the paths via the TM. For trunk terminations control is passed to module C17 where sending requirements are processed.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Module C16 uses a special technique in its selection of trunk groups when the TGN is set up as Balanced Oversize. Normally each TGN has access of up to 80 outlets of the SMX. In some instances it is desirable to provide access to additional SMX outlets. For illustration purposes assume an office experiences a large amount of traffic between office sections 1 and 2, thus requiring more than 80 SJ's to handle the load.

One solution to the above problem is to use BOT alternate routing. Using BOT, the SJ's are equally divided into two separate trunk groups. When a SJ is required, the associated TGN is indicated as BOT and module C16 randomly selects one of the two SJ groups. If the first selection cannot be accessed, the second trunk group is accessed via the internal alternate routing feature.

When module C16 performs a COX table access to retrieve SGO information, it checks to see if the trunk group is BOT, then it selects one of the trunk groups based on a random indicator.

Notes to fig. 86

1. this is an alternate route with a path already pulled. a bas, acj, dr sj may be needed.

2. ir(x) .fwdarw. 0 bits 0-1

ir(x) .fwdarw. chcsec bits 2-3.

3. ir(x) .fwdarw. chcsec bits 0-1

ir(x) .fwdarw. cwbtsc bits 2-3.

4. ir(x) .fwdarw. chcsec bits 0-1

ir(x) .fwdarw. chcsec bits 2-3.

notes to fig. 86a

1. indicate last loop switching digits have been set up.

2. ir(x) .fwdarw. 0 bits 0-1

ir(x) .fwdarw. cwbtsc bits 2-3.

c17 -- fig. 87 - 87a

1. name -- route Number Expansion Analysis Module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Route Number Expansion Analysis program (module C17) analyzes the termination routing data, for Selector Matrix termination, to determine if the Register Sender (RS) is to be initialized to allow Early Outpulsing (EOP) or Multifrequency (MF) sending.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C17 performs the following functions:

a. Ensures that the RS stopped collecting digits (XFD = 1) and exits to the Termination Cycle program (module C19) when sending is not required for the termination.

b. Ensures that the RS stopped collecting digits (XFD = 1) and exits to module C19 when Dial Pulse (DP) sending is required and EOP is not required.

c. Initializes the RS for EOP and exits to module C19 when DP sending in the EOP mode is required. However, if an alternate route is being processed such that the RS has already been set up for EOP, C17 simply exits to module C19.

d. Attaches a MF Sender, when required, and schedules module C19 to be run after the RS successfully completes the connection. However, if an alternate route is being processed such that a MF sender is already attached, simply exits to module C19.

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cwa -- sender/Receiver Assigner Interface.

Cwb -- termination Set-up and Control Work Area.

Cxf -- drum Tables CRN and CDN.

Fwa -- executve Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE

5. outputs

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cwa -- sender/Receiver Assigner Interface.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C17X01 Branched to upon exit from the Selector Matrix Routing program (module C16) when the call is to terminate on the Selector Matrix. C17X02 Entered after the Sender/Receiver Assigner program (module C27) obtains an idle, on-line, assigned MF sender. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C19X01 Termination Cycle program: C19X01 is called by module C17 when the Terminating Marker (TM) is required to pull a path through the Selector Matrix. C29X04 Call Condition Analysis program: C29X04 is used to check for unprocessed RS interrupts; control is released to the Exec; however, the Work Area (WA) is attached to the Call History Table (CHT) to allow it to be available for later use. C31X03 Local Call Process Maintenance Program: C31X03 is called when module C17 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate Teletypewriter (TTY) message. For module C17, the subscriber is given lockout via C26X04. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C27X01 Sender/Receiver Assigner. F08X01 Register Sender Access. M09X01 Call Event Metering.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

information sent to another office from an EAX office may be in one of four different possible sending modes. These modes are listed as follows:

1. DP without EOP.

2. dp with EOP.

3. mf.

4. a combination of DP and MF.

The EOP and MF modes require special considerations in the Register Sender (RS) subsystem.

Module C17 was designed to analyze the termination data associated with Selector Matrix Terminations to enable proper initialization of the RS.

8.2 technique

module C17 employs a technique which is similar to the Originating Class of Service program (Module C02). Module C17 utilizes module C27 to obtain an idle, assigned, and on-line MF sender. A MF sender must be connected to the call before proceeding with call processing when non-local terminations require MF sensing. Module C17 utilizes module C27 in making a single attempt to obtain a MF sender. If an attempt fails, module C17 initiates a Sender/Receiver timing mechanism in RS Memory and returns control to module C27 where continuous attempts are made to obtain a MF sender. If a MF sender is obtained, module C17 continues its processing. However, if a sender cannot be obtained, the timer runs out causing a RS system trouble interrupt. Thus each call is given the greatest possible opportunity to obtain the required MF sender.

Notes to fig. 87

1. this program gets control only on selector matrix outlet termination (cxflxt .noteq. 1) and when all digits are received except with eop and all recvrs disconnected.

2. fwbeop .fwdarw. 1; fwbctr .fwdarw. 1; chhrep .fwdarw. 1; chqtov .fwdarw. 3 (c26x06); chqtie .fwdarw. 0; chqlwa .fwdarw. 0; ir2 .fwdarw. 16.

3. return address +0

4. return address +1

sender - assigned.

notes to fig. 87a

1. rst = 0 -- rtf is illegal or rst = 2 -- r/s is invalid.

2. attempt cont. until a sender is found. if a sender is not found, a time-out will occur.

c19 -- figs. 88-89

1. name -- termination Cycle Module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Termination Cycle program (module C19) prepares terminating information for the Register Sender (RS) and Terminating Marker (TM). The TM utilizes the termination information to establish connections through the network (selector and line matrices). The RS utilizes the termination information to time the terminating opertion.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C19 performs the following functions:

a. Prepares routing and control information used by the Communications Control Register (CCR) and the TM.

b. Retrieves the calling party's directory number, when required.

c. Determines if a ticketing study is to be performed.

d. Determines sending requirements when sending is required.

e. Indicates that the TM Response Analysis program (module C24) is to be scheduled by the CCR interrupt processor after the TM operation is completed.

f. Indicates that the TM Response Analysis program (module C24) is to be scheduled by the CCR interrupt processor after the TM operation is completed.

g. Initiates scheduling a TM time via the CCR Handler program (F32).

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Ccp -- corrector and Pad Control.

Cct -- cut-Through Table.

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cha -- originating Class of Service Data.

Cox -- (where X = A, B, I, or 0) -- Trunk Expansion Table.

Cwb -- termination Set-Up and Control Work Area.

Cxf -- drum Tables CRN and CDN.

Cxn -- drum Table CSX.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwd -- terminating Marker Sent Information.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C19X01 Entered when a path is to be pulled through the Selector Matrix (SMX). C19X01 may be entered from the Selector Matrix Routing program (module C16) for pulling the first path, or from the TM Call Complete Process program (module C25) for pulling the second and third paths. The Route Number Expansion Analysis program (module C17) schedules C19X01 after connecting a sender. Module C24 calls C29X01 when using internal alternate routing. C19X02 The return point into module C19 after the Sending Patterns and Format Control program (module C20) has completely initialized the RS for any sending requirements. C19X03 The return point into module C19 after the Directory Number Retrieval program (module C14) retrieves the calling party's directory number. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C14X01 Directory Number Retrieval program: C14X01 is called from module C19 when the directory number of the calling party is required for ticketing purposes. C20X01 Sending Pattern and Format Control program: C20X01 is used when the final loop of the call is ready to be pulled and sending is required for the termination. C31X03 Local Call Process Maintenance Program (LCPMP): C31X03 is called when module C19 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate Teletypewriter (TTY) message. For module C19 the subscriber is given lockout via C26X04. E01X06 Data Processor (DPC) Scheduler (RESKED) program: E01X06 is used to cause the DPU Scheduler to add a run request to a queue. F31X01 CCR Scheduler (MARKER) program: F31X01 is used by any program desiring communication with any party of the Communication Register/Marker subsystem. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C16X06 Selector Matrix Routing. C29X01 Call Condition Analysis. F08X01 RS Access.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

eax requires a minimum of one end and a maximum of three paths through the network to process any call. Characteristics of the origination and termination are utilized in determining the actual number of paths required. There is a maximum of three loops per call: one loop for the destination and two intermediate loops. The intermediate loops consist of circuits which are inserted into the call path. These circuits are listed below:

1. Annoyance Call Junctor (ACJ).

2. block Answer Supervision Junctor (BASJ).

3. section Junctor (SJ).

Module C19 was designed to interface with the TM to allow the pulling of paths through the SMX. Module C19 pulls only one path at a time and is re-entered until all the required paths are pulled (initial analysis of the termination data has determined which paths are necessary).

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Module C19 must prepare the Trunk Control (TKC) field for passage to the TM via the TM data frame. The TKC field is utilized by the TM to control the switching of outgoing trunk corrector and pad circuits. Corrector circuits are a part of all trunk circuits and are used to match impedance between switching equipment (e.g. match line originations to trunk terminations). Pad circuits may optionally be a part of a trunk circuit and are used to control the quality of trunk transmission. Origination and termination characteristics determine which circuit (pad or corrector) is to be switched into a call.

The Originating Corrector Indicator (OCI) and the Originating Pad Indicator (OPI), defined by the originators class of service data, indicate whether a corrector or pad is to be associated with the origination (e.g. incoming trunk circuit). Similarly, the Terminating Corrector Indicator (TCI) and the Terminating Pad Indicator (TPI), defined by the terminating class of service data, indicate whether a corrector or pad is to be associated with the termination (e.g. outgoing trunk circuit). Module C19 combines these four one-bit indicators together to form an index into core table CCP. This index is used to retrieve the appropriate TKC value.

C20 -- fig. 90

1. name -- sending Patterns and Format Control.

2. PURPOSE -- The Sending Pattern and Format Control program (module C20) prepares the called number, calling number, and prefix digit storage cells in Register Sender (RS) Memory to meet the requirements of the receiving office. The call termination sending data, contained in the Route Number Expansion Table, is used to prepare the prefix digit storage cells. RS sending control information, contained in the termination data, is passed to the RS.

3. functions

module C20 performs the following functions:

a. Deletes from RS Memory the number of called digits specified by the termination data.

b. Modifies the Incoming Digit Count (IDC), Totals (XTL), and Fast Timeout (FTO) fields in RS memory when the called digits are deleted from RS Memory in the Early Outpulsing (EOP) mode.

c. Inserts the Key Pulse (KP), Start (ST), and Class of Service (CSD) digits as specified by the termination data.

d. Inserts the calling directory number and prefix digits as specified by the termination data.

e. Passes to the RS the sending control information as specified by the termination data.

f. Transfers control to the Termination Cycle program (module C19) when all processing is complete.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Cxf -- drum Tables CRN and CSR.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C20X01 Entered by module C19 when the final loop is ready to be pulled and it is determined that sending to the termination is required. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C19X02 Termination Cycle program: C19X02 is the return point into module C19 when module C20completely initializes the RS for any sending requirements. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names F08X01 RS Write

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

eax must be able to interface with all types of offices; therefore, the sending patterns of EAX must conform to the receiving requirements of the particular receiving office. To satisfy these sending requirements, the RS subsystem provides three digit bins for storage of digits which are to be outpulsed (e.g. called number, calling number, and prefix digit bins). Each of these bins may be sent in Dial Pulse (DP) or Multifrequency (MF) mode. Any combination of 1, 2, or 3 of these bins may be outpulsed on any given call. This feature of the RS, in conjunction with software manipulation of digits in the bins, makes EAX completely flexible in its sending capabilities.

The route number expansion data associated with a termination uniquely specifies the sending requirements since each non-local termination may require different sending requirements from EAX. Module C20 performs an analysis of the termination data in order to initialize the RS for sending to the desired termination.

8.2 TECHNIQUE -- Not applicable.

Notes to fig. 90

1. initialize digit formatting fields.

2. store st digit and do not update idc.

3. f08 deletes and adds digits in rs, modifying idc according to del and adg values.

c21 -- figs. 91 - 91d

1. name -- alternate Route Control (ARC).

Notes to fig. 91a

1. fwbxin .fwdarw. 6; fwbctr .fwdarw. 1;

ir2 .fwdarw. 15; chqtie .fwdarw. 7;

chqlwa .fwdarw. 8 (c21x02);

fwbeop .fwdarw. 0.

2. fwbxin .fwdarw. 5; fwbctr .fwdarw. 1;

ir2 .fwdarw. 15; chqtie .fwdarw. 8;

chqlwa .fwdarw. 10 (c16x01);

fwbeop .fwdarw. 0. 3. fwbxin .fwdarw.6; fwbctr .fwdarw.1;

ir2 .fwdarw. 15; chqtie .fwdarw. 8;

chqlwa .fwdarw. 10 (c16x01);

fwbeop .fwdarw. 0.

notes to fig. 91b

1. ir2.fwdarw.15;chqtie.fwdarw.7;

chqlwa.fwdarw.5(<21x04).

2. three loops were to be pulled in one of three junctor configurations:

acj-sj: or BASJ-ACJ: OR SJ-BASJ.

3. only the first junctor was pulled in one of the three configurations above.

4. sj-basj were to be pulled.

5. basj-acj were to be pulled.

6. acj-sj were to be pulled.

notes to fig. 91c

1. two junctors were pulled in one of the three following configurations: acj-sj; or basj-acj; or sj-basj.

2. sj-bas was pulled.

3. bas-acj was pulled.

4. acj-sj was pulled.

notes to fig. 91d

1. do not reset xin = 6.

rs will reset.

c24 -- figs. 92-94

1. name -- terminating Marker Response Analysis Module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Terminating Marker (TM) Response Analysis program (module C24) determines the next course of action to be taken by Call Processing upon analyzing the call-status-response. The call-status-response is sent to the Data Processor by the TM.

3. functions

module C24 performs the following functions:

a. Turns control over to the Call Condition Analysis program (module C29) if an unprocessed Register Sender (RS) interrupt has occurred.

b. Determines if the TM termination effort was successful.

c. Stops RS timing of the TM operation for all unsuccessful termination attempts and successful terminations to intermediate loops (insertion junctors).

d. Initiates a drum translation to retrieve the Selector Group inlet (SGI) identify of the junctor and schedules the TM Call Complete Process program (module C25) upon successful termination to an insertion junctor.

e. Passes control to module C25 upon successful termination to the final loop of a call.

f. Performs the following functions for unsuccessful TM termination attempts:

1. Interfaces with the metering subsystem.

2. Determines if there is an alternate trunk group or an alternate route associated with the termination. If so, prepares to access the alternate termination.

3. Passes control to the Final Processor program (module C26) when an alternate route is not available or when the alternate termination is not to a Selector Matrix (SMX) termination (i.e. reorder tone).

4. Interfaces with the Call Processing Printout Control program (module C28) when an attempt was made to terminate to a permanent signal trunk.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Cep -- engineering Office Parameters.

Cha -- scheduling Information.

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Cja -- originating Class Of Service Data.

Cox -- (where X = A, B, I, or 0) -- Trunk Expansion Table.

Cwb -- termination Set-Up and Control Work Area.

Cxn -- drum Table CSX.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwc -- terminating Marker Received Information.

Fwd -- terminating Marker Sent Information.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cwb -- termination Set-Up and Control Work Area.

Cxn -- drum Table CSX.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables - None.

5.1.3 Registers - None.

5.2 HARDWARE - None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C24X01 Scheduled by the Communications Control Register (CCR) Handler program (module F32) upon completion of a TM operation requested by Call Processing. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C19X01 Termination Cycle program: C19X01 is used when a path is pulled through the SMX. Module C24 calls C19X01 when using internal alternate routing. C25X01 Terminating Marker Call Complete Process program: C25X01 is called by module C24 after the final loop of the call is set-up. C26X02 Final Processor Program: C26X02 is called by module C24 when reorder tone is to be returned to the originator. C26X03 Final Processor program: C26X03 is called by module C24 when busy tone is to be returned to the originator. C26X04 Final Processor program: C26X04 is called by module C24 when lockout is to be returned to the originator. C31X03 Local Call Processing Maintenance program (LCPMP): C31X03 is called when module C24 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate Teletypewriter (TTY) message. For module C24 the subscriber is given lockout via C26X04. F35X01 Data Manipulator (MANIP) program: F35X01 is used by resident and nonresident programs to access drum memory. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C16X06 SMX Routing. C28X01 Call Processing Printout Control. C29X01 Call Condition Analysis. C31X03 LCPMP. F08X01 RS Write. M03X01 Overflow Metering. M05X04 Call Event Metering -- Termination to Busy Lines. M05X05 Call Event Metering -- Busy Paths -- Selector Group Outlets and Called Line. M05X06 Call Event Metering -- Busy Paths -- Selector Group Outlets and Terminating Junctor. M05X08 Call Event Metering -- Blocked Selector Group Matrix Connections. M06X01 Grade of Service Metering. M06X02 Grade of Service Metering. M09X03 Call Event Metering -- Blocked Terminations to Trunk Group.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

when the call processing software requests the TM to pull a path through the switching network, an idle network path existing to the desired termination cannot be guaranteed. The TM will inform the call processing software of the status of the attempted network path. There are only four network conditions belonging to Call Processing. These conditions are listed as follows:

1. The network path was successfully connected.

2. The network path was not set-up because the called line is busy.

3. The network path was not set-up because a blockage condition exists (all paths busy) in the network.

4. A line circuit fault was encountered while connecting a path to a line.

Module C24 analyzes the TM response data and determines the next job Call Processing should perform. For network condition (1), Call Processing continues the normal process of the call. For network condition (2), an attempt to terminate to an alternate line (if one is available) is initiated. For network condition (3), an attempt to terminate to either an alternate trunk group or an alternate termination (if either is available) is initiated. For network condition (4) a warning message is output on the TTY for office maintenance use, then the termination process continues normally.

Due to metering subsystem requirements, the TM not only informs Call Processing about a blockage, it also isolates the location of the blockage to a specific area of the network. Module C24 therefore acts as a task dispenser to the appropriate metering modules, depending upon the area of the network where the blockage occurred.

8.2 TECHNIQUE -- Not applicable.

C25 -- figs. 95-95a

1. name -- terminating Marker (TM) Call Complete Process module.

2. PURPOSE -- The TM Call Complete Process program (module C25) determines the correct cut-through to be performed for the call, then initiates the Register Sender (RS) cut-through function. Upon completion of every call, the RS cuts-through the incoming trunk or Originating Junctor (OJ) circuit to release RS control of the call. For line terminations the Terminating Junctor (TJ) takes control of the call. For trunk terminations the RS performs sending, allowing another office to take control of the call.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C25 performs the following functions:

a. Determines the appropriate cut-through type for the call, then initiates the RS cut-through function when all required Selector Matrix (SMX) loops are set up.

b. Resets the Message Rate Service (MRS) indicator when the termination is free, to prevent ticketing of the call.

c. Initiates a Teletypewriter (TTY) warning message when the call is terminated to a permanent signal trunk.

d. Performs a translation to retrieve the ticketing scan points associated with a trunk when termination is to a ticketable trunk. Also informs the ticketing subsystem of the trunk seizure.

e. Returns to the Termination Cycle program (module C19) to pull another path through the SMX when only an intermediate loop was connected.

f. Interfaces with the metering subsystem for all completed loops and terminations.

g. Initiates the appropriate routing translation to begin the terminating process for retrial and delayed alternate route processing.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Ccp -- corrector and Pad Control.

Cct -- cut-Through Table.

Cep -- engineering Office Parameters.

Chc -- originating Marker Data Frame Received.

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chl -- ticketing and Interface Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cha -- originating Class of Service Data.

Cox -- (where X = A,B,I, or 0) -- Trunk Expansion Table.

Cwb -- termination Set-Up and Control Work Area.

Cxf -- drum Tables CRN and CDN.

Cxn -- drum Table CSX.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

Fwc -- terminating Marker Received Information.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chl -- ticketing and Interface Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cwb -- termination Set-Up and Control Work Area.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

Fwc -- terminating Marker Received Information.

Hti -- in Test Table.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C25X01 C25X01 is called by the TM Response Analysis program (module C24) after the final loop is set up. C25X01 also interfaces with the ticketing and metering subsystems. C25X02 C25X02 is scheduled by module C24 when an insertion junctor is successfully connected and a CSX translation was performed. C25X03 C25X03 is scheduled internally by module C25 upon completion of a drum translation (table CSX). C25X04 C25X04 is entered when a call processing retrial is to be performed or scheduled after all digits are collected on a delayed alternate route. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C19X01 Termination Cycle program: C19X01 is used when a path is to be pulled through the SMX. - C29X03 Call Condition Analysis program: C29X03 is used to release the Work Area (WA) when there are no unprocessed RS interrupts. C31X03 Local Call Process Maintenance Program (LCPMP): C31X03 is called when module C25 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate TTY message. For module C25 the subscriber is given lockout via C26X04. F35X01 F35X01 is used by resident and non-resident programs to access drum memory. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C16X06 SMX Routing. C28X01 Call Processing Printout Control. F08X01 RS Access During Normal Processing. M04X01 Call Routing Metering. M05X03 Call Event Metering -- Termination to Idle Lines. M05X07 Call Event Metering -- Successful Selector Group Matrix Connections. M09X02 Call Event Metering -- Successful Terminations to Trunk Group. T01X02 Ticketing Strings.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

upon detection of an origination, the Originating Marker (OM) connects the call to the RS subsystem. The RS then acts as an interface between the originator and the call processing software. Call Processing informs the RS that it is ready to receive digits; then the RS returns dial tone to the subscriber. The RS collects digits dialed by the subscriber; then passes them to call processing for analysis. This two-way communication is necessary while Call Processing is analyzing the dialed digits and attempting to terminate the call to the intended destination. After the terminating paths are set up by Call Processing, the RS equipment is no longer required to control the call.

To drop the RS equipment from a call the RS performs a cut-through function on the incoming trunk circuit or originating junctor. This cut-through function connects the call through the SMX paths set up by call processing; then the RS is dropped from the call path. When the call terminates locally, control is given to the Terminating Junctor (TJ). The TJ provides ringing of the called subscriber and ringback tone to the calling subscriber. When the call terminates to a trunk, the RS performs sending over the trunk before being disconnected; then control is given to another office.

The cut-through function also controls the switching of pad and corrector circuits in the incoming trunk circuits, controls coin collection of paystations (OJ's only), and controls pegging of MRS hardware meters (OJ's only).

Module C25 determines the particular cut-through function which is appropriate for the call in progress, then initiates RS processing of the cut-through function. For completed terminations module C25 interfaces with the metering subsystem.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

The cut-through function, denoted by the software as a Cut-Through Type (CCT), controls the switching of pad and corrector circuits on incoming trunk circuits. Pad circuits are used to control the quantity of a trunk's transmission and optionally may be part of a trunk circuit. Corrector circuits are used to match impedance between switching equipment, and are part of all trunk circuits (e.g. match trunk origination to line termination). Origination and termination characteristics determine which circuit (pad or corrector) is to be switched into a call.

The Originating Corrector Indicator (OCI) and the Originating Pad Indicator (OPI), defined by the originator's class of service data, indicate whether a corrector or pad is to be associated with the origination (e.g. incoming trunk circuit). Similarly, the Terminating Corrector Indicator (TCI) and the Terminating Pad Indicator (TPI), defined by the terminating class of service data, indicate whether a corrector or pad is to be associated with the termination (e.g. outgoing trunk circuit). Module C25 combines these four one-bit indicators together to form an index into core table CPP. This index is used to retrieve the appropriate CCT value.

C26 -- figs. 96-96c

1. name -- final Processor module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Final Processor program (module C26) performs all processing required to release a call from the EAX common control.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C26 performs the following functions:

a. When a Call Abandon (CAB) occurs:

1. Interfaces with the Markers/Network Maintenance Strings program (module K07).

2. provides the appropriate cut-through for coin refund when a paystation origination is being handled.

3. Inhibits ticketing interface with the EAX Local Automatic Message Accounting (LAMA) ticketing facility.

4. Disconnects a sender or receiver when one is associated with the call.

5. Disconnects the Register Junctor (RJ) associated with the call.

b. When a Translation Interrupt of 6 occurs (TRI = 6):

1. interfaces with the Sender/Receiver Assigner program (module C27) to idle the Sender/Receiver (S/R) when a sender or receiver is associated with the call.

2. Interfaces with the S/R Status program (module C34) placing the sender or receiver off-line (maintenance request).

3. Interfaces with the ticketing subsystem when required. Also retrieves a spare Work Area (WA) when ticketing interface is required.

4. Interfaces with the Call Processing Printout Control program (module C28) when an annoyance call printout is required.

5. Resets certain items in the Call History Table (CHT) associated with the call in progress.

6. Clears the RJ Memory Slot associated with the call in progress.

7. Places the RJ in an off-line state (by maintenance request).

8. Returns the RJ to an idle state.

(c) When reorder or busy tone is returned to the subscriber:

1. Inhibits ticketing interface with the EAX LAMA ticketing facility.

2. Prepares to drop all terminating paths associated with the call in progress.

3. Prepares to drop a sender or receiver (when one is assigned to the call) and sets up to expect a TRI = 7 interrupt.

4. Generates busy tone from the RJ when required.

5. Generates reorder tone from the incoming trunk circuit when required for trunk group matrix originations.

6. Generates reorder tone from the RJ when required for line matrix originations.

7. Prepares for the occurrence of reorder or busy tone timeout.

d. When a reorder or busy tone timeout occurs (TRI = 6):

1. prepares to route the call to a permanent signal trunk (line matrix originations).

2. Interfaces with module C28 to output a timeout message (trunk group matrix originations).

3. Generates reorder tone from the trunk circuit for trunk group originations.

(e) When a TRI of 7 occurs:

1. Interfaces with module C27 in order to idle the S/R.

2. prepares for the occurrence of reorder or busy tone timeout. Also enables Register Sender (RS) interrupts (CTR = 1).

f. When a timeout occurs:

1. Allows normal call processing to continue (e.g., ignores the timeout) when a TRI of 6 is expected or when all digits are received and Finish Dial (FD) indication is not written into RS Memory.

2. Sets the All Digits Received indicator to 1 (ADR = 1) and inhibits any Early Outpulsing (EOP = 0).

3. returns lockout reorder tone when the subscriber is a Wirechief (WC), Trunk Test Access (TTA), or a Communication Line (CL).

4. returns lockout reorder tone and outputs an error message when digit reception is in the Multifrequency (MF) mode.

5. Determines if a Zero Timeout (ZTO) occurred. Also sets a flag indicating selective routing for ZTO calls.

6. Determines if a permanent or interdigital timeout occurred for a line matrix organization. If so, a flag is set to indicate that selective routing of a call is required.

7. Determines if a permanent or interdigital timeout occurred for a trunk register matrix organization. If so, a flag is set to indicate that selective routing of a call is required.

g. When lockout reorder tone is returned to the subscriber:

1. Prepares the proper cut-through type to be given to the RC as a function of the origination.

2. Inhibits interfacing with the EAX LAMA ticketing facility.

3. Prepares to drop any terminating paths (if set up), a S/R (if attached), and the RJ associated with the call.

4. Initiates the generation of reorder tone from the Originating Junctor (OJ) or incoming trunk circuit.

h. When a fast timeout (FTO) occurs for a call in the EOP mode:

1. Transfers control to the Terminating Marker Call Complete Process program (module C25) when a delayed alternate route is being processed.

2. Writes FD into RS memory to complete cut-through of the EOP call.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Cct -- cut-Through Table.

Cep -- engineered Office Parameters.

Chc -- originating Marker Data Frame Received.

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Chm -- call History Maintenance Table.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cja -- originating Class of Service Data.

Ctk -- ticketing Interface Allowed.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cwa -- sender/Receiver Assigner Interface.

Cwb -- termination Set-Up and Control Work Area.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C26X01 Scheduled for any of the following RS interrupts: 1. Call Abandoned (CAB). 2. Interdigital, or permanent, or zero timeout. 3. TRI = 5. 4. TRI = 6. 5. TRI = 7. C26X02 Scheduled when reorder tone is returned to the subscriber from the RJ. C26X03 Scheduled when line busy tone is returned from the RJ to the subscriber. C26X04 Scheduled to "lockout" a given line or trunk (e.g. return lockout reorder tone from the OJ or incoming trunk circuit). C26X05 Scheduled to disconnect a RJ from a call and to idle it (clear the RS Memory). C26X06 Scheduled upon a FTO interrupt after all digits are input in the EOP mode. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C10X02 Route Translation Initialization Program: C10X02 is used only to initiate a route number translation. C10X03 Route Translation Initialization program: C10X03 is used by module C26 when a call is selectively routed to an operator (subscriber dialed 0). C19X01 Termination Cycle program: C19X01 is used when a path is to be pulled through the Selector Matrix (SMX). C24X01 Terminating Marker Response Analysis program: C2401 is used to direct call processing depending on the response data received from the Terminating Marker (TM). C29X04 Call Condition Analysis program: C29X04 is used when it is desirable to have the Call Condition Analysis program (module C29) save the WA by hitching it to the CHT if a RS interrupt has not occurred. C31X03 Local Call Processing Maintenance Program (LCPMP): C31X03 is used when module C26 encounters an error. A trouble index must be passed in X2 for use in outputting the appropriate Teletypewriter (TTY) message. F08X01 Register Sender Access During Normal Processing program: F08X01 is used for writing in RS Memory, and has the capability to write and to read modify-write. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C27X01 Sender/Receiver Assigner C28X01 Call Processing Printout Control C34X05 Sender/Receiver Status F04X01 Work Area Assignment (WASPAR) F08X01 Register-Sender Access During Normal Processing K07X01 Call Abandon Rate Counter T02X01 Ticketing Strings

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

when the final routing of a call is determined and all paths are set up, the common control software (e.g. Call Processing) has essentially completed its processing of the call. The final function of Call Processing is to release the common control equipment (the RJ and possibly a sender or receiver) so that it can be used by another call. Module C26 performs all the functions necessary to release a call from the common control equipment.

For most calls (calls with terminating paths through the SMX), the cut-through function of the RS is performed before entry to module C26. For these calls, module C26 simply idles the common control equipment and interfaces with the ticketing subsystem (when required).

For calls which terminate by providing subscriber lockout or by dropping the connection, the appropriate cut-through function is initiated in the RS by module C26. The common control equipment is then released from the call. This applies to CAB's and calls which require lockout recorder tone from the OJ or trunk circuit.

When reorder or line busy tone is to be returned by the RJ as part of the final termination of the call, the RJ cannot immediately be idled because it is required to generate the appropriate tone to the subscriber first. Module C26 initiates the generation of a reorder or a line busy tone by the RJ, and waits for a CAB (subscriber hangs up) before idling the RJ and releasing control of the call. A timeout occurs when the subscriber fails to abandon the call. In processing reorder or line busy tone timeouts, module C26 routes line originations to a permanent signal trunk and provides lockout to trunk originations.

8.2 TECHNIQUE -- Not applicable.

Notes to fig. 96c

1. tri = 7 interrupt processing.

c27 -- figs. 97-97c

1. name -- sender Receiver Assigner Module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Sender/Receiver (S/R) Assigner program (module C27) is designed to function as a closed subroutine, maintaining the busy/idle status, and monitoring the assigned/unassigned, on-line/off-line status of all senders and receivers. Module C27 provides for the software assigning and/or idling of all required senders and receivers.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C27 performs the following functions:

a. Returns to the calling program via an error return when the Route Flag (RTF) is invalid (RTF = 3 or RTF>5). An error indicator (RST) is set to zero when an illegal Route Flag is encountered. The S/R Assigner field (RSA) is set to zero indicating that this particular S/R is not assigned to any call.

b. While initiating one attempt in selecting an idle, on-line, and assigned Sender or Receiver:

1. Determines which type of Sender or Receiver is required via the Assigned Matrix Outlet Group (AOG).

aog = 1: touch Call Multifrequency (TCMF) Receiver.

AOG = 2: Multifrequency (MF) Receiver.

AOG =4: Multifrequency (MF) Sender.

2. Sets RST equal to 2 indicating an invalid AOG, and returns to the calling program via an error return when one of the three types of S/R's cannot be located.

3. Makes one attempt to select an idle, on-line, and assigned Sender or Receiver. When the desired unit is found, it is marked as busy (in the Busy-Idle table) and the unit's address is placed in the SRA field in one of three core tables depending on the type sender/receiver selected (table CBR for MF receivers, table CBS for MF senders, table CMR for TCMF receivers) and also in the work area field FWBSRA). The RSA field is set to one indicating the S/R is assigned to a call. Register A is set positive, and is used as a success indicator in returning control to the calling program.

4. Sets Register A negative (error indication) when the desired unit is not located. Module C27 returns to the calling program with one of the following error trouble indications:

CWARST = 0 -- RTF is illegal.

CWARST = 1 -- All assigned S/R's are busy and/or off-line.

CWARST = 2 -- AOG field is invalid.

c. When RTF equals 2:

1. Makes continuous attempts to select an idle, on-line, and assigned S/R (RTF is internally set to 1).

2. Marks the unit busy in the Busy-Idle tables and places its address in the SRA field in one of three core tables depending on the type of S/R selected (table CBR for MF receivers, table CBS for MF senders, table CMR for TCMF receivers) and also in the work area (field FWBSRA) when the desired unit is found.

3. Sets Register A positive (success indication), and returns control to the calling program when the S/R is located.

4. Causes a Register Sender (RS) System trouble indication when a timeout occurs and the S/R is not located.

d. Makes continuous attempts to obtain an idle, on-line, and assigned S/R when RTF equals 1. The continuous attempts are performed in association with a S/R Timing mechanism located in RS Memory. A timeout will occur if the desired S/R is not obtained. (RTF is set to 1 on the first timing attempt, when RTF = 2).

e. When RTF = 4 or 5:

1. Determines if the S/R is assigned and busy. When the S/R is both assigned and busy, and if RTF = 4, module C27 marks the S/R as idle (in the S/R tables and in RS Memory). RSA is set to zero indicating that this particular S/R is not assigned and Register A is set positive (success indication) prior to returning to the calling program.

2. Marks the S/R as idle (in the S/R tables) without affecting RS Memory (e.g. the S/R is software idled only), when the S/R is both assigned and busy and RTF = 5. Processing then continues as in function (e) 1.

3. Marks the S/R as idle and on-line (in the S/R tables) and sets RST to 4 to indicate that the S/R is not assigned to the Register Junctor (RJ) when the S/R is found to be unassigned. RSA is set to zero indicating the S/R is not assigned to any call. Register A is set negative as an error indication prior to returning to the calling program.

4. Sets RSA to 3 indicating the S/R is already in the idle state, when S/R is found to be idle. RSA is set to zero and the A Register is set negative prior to returning control to the calling program.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cbr -- busy Idle Table For Multifrequency Receivers.

Cbs -- busy Idle Table for Multifrequency Senders.

Cbt -- busy Idle Table For Touch Call Multifrequency Receivers.

Ccw -- call Processing Counts of Work Areas on the Timer Queue for Sender/Receiver Timing.

Cep -- engineered Office Parameters.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cmr -- on-/Off-Line Multifrequency Receivers.

Cms -- on-/Off-Line Multifrequency Senders.

Cmt -- on-/Off-Line Touch Call Multifrequency Receiver.

Ctp -- pointers To Sender/Receiver Assignment Table.

Cwa -- drum Table CDN.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables - None.

4.1.3 Registers - None.

4.2 HARDWARE - None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Cbr -- busy Idle Table for Multifrequency Receivers.

Cbs -- busy Idle Table for Multifrequency Senders.

Ccw -- call Processing Counts of Work Areas on the Timer Queue for Sender/Receiver Timing.

Cmr -- on-Line/Off-Line Table for Multifrequency Receivers.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cwa -- drum Table CDN.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register/Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry E02X02 Internal Timer Request Acceptor program: E02X02 is used to cause requests for timing of specific time intervals to be added to the Executive's timer queue. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C26X04 Final Processor Module: C26X04 is used to provide lockout to those calls requesting a continuous attempt at finding an idle, on-line, and assigned sender/receiver when the call is not allowed to be placed on the exec timer queue. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C29X01 Call Condition Analysis. F08X01 Register Sender Write.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

module C27 is used by various programs within the EAX system for two basic purposes: (1) software assignment and/or idling of all senders and receivers; (2) for maintenance of the software sender and receiver busy/idler status table.

An access to module C27 is initiated when Call Processing requires the call be assigned a sender or receiver. Module C27 initiates a single attempt in obtaining a receiver. If this attempt fails, module C27 is instructed to continue making attempts to obtain a receiver until either one is found or a timeout occurs.

Module C27 may also be called to idle a given sender or receiver. The sender or receiver is marked as idle (in the S/R status tables) and the RS Memory is modified unless the calling program requested only software idling (RTF = 5). For this situation, modification of the RS Memory is by-passed.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Module C27 employs a technique in the assignment of idle, on-line, and assigned receivers to call originations in the Originating Class Of Service Analysis program (module C02). When an origination occurs which requires the assignment of a receiver, module C02 calls module C27 (RTF = 0). Module C27 then initiates a single attempt in obtaining the required receiver. If this attempt fails, module C27 returns control to module C02 with an appropriate error indication.

Module C02 initiates a S/R timing mechanism in RS Memory and instructs module C27 to begin a continuous search for an idle, on-line, and assigned receiver (RTF = 2). The search continues until either a receiver is obtained or the timer runs out, causing a RS System trouble indication. Utilizing this technique, the subscriber is afforded the best possible chance in obtaining the required receiver.

Before initiating this S/R timing mechanism, however, C27 will determine if the work area associated with the call is allowed to be placed on the exec timer queue for S/R timing. When RTF=2, C27 will determine the type of work area associated with the call. Then, depending on the type of work area, C27 will check a counter (CCWS26 or CCWS38) to determine how many work areas of that type are currently on the timer queue for S/R timing. C27 will then compare this counter with a parameter in table CEP which specifies the maximum number of work areas of that type allowed to be placed on the exec timer queue. If the counter is less than the parameter value, the work area will be allowed to be placed on the timer queue. If the counter is greater than or equal to the parameter value, the work area will be not be allowed to be placed on the timer queue and C27 will send the call to lockout.

For those calls allowed to be placed on the timer queue, before placing the work area on the timer queue, C27 will increment the appropriate counter indicating how many work areas of that type are on the timer queue for S/R timing.

For calls coming off the timer queue, C27 will determine the type of work area associated with the call and then decrement the appropriate counter indicating how many work areas of that type are on the timer queue for S/R timing.

Another technique employed by C27 is the particular method used in selecting an idle, on-line and assigned sender/receiver. When called to obtain a sender/receiver, C27 will determine the particular type of sender/receiver requested. Then depending on the type of sender/receiver requested, C27 will access one of the three core tables (CBR for MF receivers, CBS for MF senders, CMR for TCMF receivers) to obtain the identity of the last used sender/receiver of the type requested. This identity will be contained in the SRA field of the core table accessed. C27 will then start searching for a sender/receiver of the type requested from the location of the last used sender/receiver plus one. When C27 finds an idle, on-line, and assigned sender/receiver of the type requested, it will place the identity in the SRA field of the appropriate core table as mentioned above (table CBR for MF receivers, table CBS for MF senders, table CMR for TCMF receivers). This technique of sequential searching allows for equal use of all senders/receivers in an office.

C28 -- fig. 98

1. name -- call Processing Printout Control Module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Call Processing Printout Control program (module C28) is responsible for storing the information required for annoyance and timeout printouts in a spare Work Area (WA). This information is then passed to the Call Processing Format and Print program (module C30) for message formatting.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C28 performs the following functions:

a. Determines if the printout required is the result of a timeout or an annoyance call.

b. Determines, for timeout printouts, if call processing timeout printouts were disabled (FPICPP = 1). When disabled, the printout is suppressed and control is returned to the calling program.

c. Determines, for a call requiring an annoyance printout, if a timeout occurred. When a timeout occurs, the annoyance printout is suppressed and control is returned to the calling program.

d. Attempts to retrieve a spare WA when a printout is to be initiated. Only one attempt is initiated unless the printout is for an annoyance origination or termination. When this situation occurs, two separate attempts are initiated to obtain spare WA's.

e. Stores in the new WA (CWC) all the data from the original WA and Call History Table (CHT) necessary to format and print the message via the Teletypewriter (TTY).

f. Schedules module C30 to format the printout message.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cce -- core Class of Service Expansion.

Chc -- originating Marker Data Frame Received.

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cja -- originating Class of Service Data.

Cwb -- termination Set-Up and Control Work Area.

Erc -- real Time Clock Storage.

Fpi -- printout Inhibit Items.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register-Sender Memory Image.

Fwc -- terminating Marker Received Information.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Cwc -- call Processing Printout Format Work Area Table.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C28X01 Is called as a subroutine when a timeout or annoyance printout is required. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit PGRTRN Is used to return control to the calling program. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names E01X01 ACCEPT -- Data Processing Unit (DPU) Scheduler. F04X01 WASPAR -- Work Area Assignment.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

tty messages are provided to maintenance personnel when EAX encounters certain error conditions. EAX also provides Call Processing printout messages indicating timeouts and annoyance calls. A timeout indicates that a line or trunk allowed too much time between the digits input, or the subscriber failed to abandon his call after receiving reorder or busy tone. An annoyance printout provides information about originations or terminations suspected of initiating or receiving annoying calls, respectively. Module C28 is scheduled when a Call Processing Printout (CPPR) message is required. The printout may either be a timeout or an annoyance call message.

When a timeout printout is required, module C28 checks if Call Processing printouts are disabled. When printouts are disabled (FPICPP = 1), the printout is suppressed and control is returned to the calling program. Printouts are also suppressed when the printout is an annoyance call and a timeout occurred.

Once it is determined that a printout is to be initiated, module C28 makes a single attempt to obtain a spare WA. If this attempt fails, control is returned to the calling program. When a printout is required for an annoyance originator or terminator, two attempts are initiated to obtain spare WA's (one attempt for each message). Module C28 moves all the information required to format and print the message (via the TTY) into the new WA. Module C28 schedules module C30 to format the printout after all the information is retrieved and stored in the spare WA.

8.2 technique -- not applicable.

C29 -- fig. 99-99a

1. NAME -- Call Condition Analysis Module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Call Condition Analysis program (module C29) determines if a Register Sender (RS) interrupt occurred during an interval where immediate processing of the interrupt was undesirable. Module C29 also determines what action to take as a function of the interrupt detected.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C29 performs the following functions:

a. Utilizes the THISPG macro, when entered via entry line C29X03 or C29X04, to indicate that module C29 has control of the Work Area (WA) (FWATPF = C29).

b. Returns to the calling program if a RS interrupt has not occurred and the program in control of the WA is not module C29 (FWATPF does not equal C29).

c. Exits to the Data Processing Unit (DPU) Scheduler (RELEASE) program (module E01) to release the WA if a RS interrupt has not occurred and module C29 was entered via entry line C29X03.

d. Exits to module E01 (TIME) to allow for "next program" scheduling, on expected Translation Interrupts (TRI's), if a RS interrupt has not occurred and module C29 was entered via entry line C29X04. The WA is hitched to and will not be released from the Call History Table (CHT)(CHAHPB = 1). Program scheduling is enabled by setting the Inhibit Program Scheduling (IPS) field to zero (CHQIPS = 0).

e. Calls the Final Processor program (module C26) when a Call Abandon (CAB) interrupt occurs. Before going to module C26, interrupts are enabled and entry line C29X05 is called as a subroutine to obtain a current image of RS Memory and to clear out the previous interrupt (CHACCM = 0).

f. Performs the following functions when a RS timeout interrupt occurs:

1. Calls module C26 if the timeout is not a fast timeout (FWBFTO = 0) and a 38-word WA is currently used. When the current WA is not a 38-word type, it is dropped after obtaining a spare 38-word WA. Module C26 is then called.

2. Returns to the calling program when the timeout is a Fast Timeout (FTO), and module C29 is not in control of the WA (FWATPF does not equal C29); i.e., FTO is either set to 15 or is equal to the Incoming Digit Counter (IDC).

3. exits to module E01 (TIME) when a FTO timeout occurs and module C29 was entered via entry line C29X04 (i.e., FTO is either set to 15 or it is equal to IDC). This exit hitches the WA to the CHT before going to the Executive for additional scheduling.

4. Schedules the next program to be run (drum resident programs) or branches to the next program to be run (core resident programs) when a FTO timeout occurs and module C29 was entered via line C29C03 (FWATEL = 3). The next program is obtained from table FTT utilizing CHQTOV as an index. Entry line C29X05 is called as a subroutine to obtain a current image of RS Memory, and to reset the RS interrupt indicator (CHACCM = 0) in the CHT.

g. Calls the RS Translation Interrupt Analysis program (module C11) when a TRI is received which does not match the value of the Translation Instruction Expected (TIE) field (unexpected TRI). Interrupts are enabled and entry line C29X05 is called as a subroutine to obtain a current image of RS Memory, and to clear out the previous interrupt (CHACCM = 0).

h. Returns to the calling program when a TRI interrupt is received which matches the TIE, and module C29 is not in control of the WA (FWATPF does not equal C29).

i. Schedules the next program to be run (drum resident programs) or branches to the next program to be run (core resident programs) as a result of the TRI interrupt, when a TRI interrupt is received which matches the TIE and module C29 is in control of the WA. The next program is obtained from table FTE utilizing CHQLWA as an index. Entry line C29X05 is called as a subroutine to obtain a current image of RS Memory, and to clear out the previous interrupt (CHACCM = 0).

j. Reads RS Memory words 1A, 2A, 4A, 6A, and 6B to obtain a current image of RS Memory when entry line C29X05 is called as a subroutine. Clears out the previous interrupt indicator (CHACCM = 0) in the CHT and places this data in FWBCCM to be used by other programs.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cha -- scheduling Information.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Eps -- executive Parameters Storage Table.

Esl -- executive Storage Logic Table.

Fte -- expectant TRI Schedule Table.

Ftt -- tmo scheduling Table.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Cha -- scheduling Information.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Eps -- executive Parameters Storage Table.

Esl -- executive Storage Logic Table.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C29X01 Scheduled when it is desirable to have module C29 return directly to the calling program if an RS interrupt has not occurred. C29X02 Scheduled internally when a WA overload condition is encountered while attempting to obtain a spare 38-word memory (e.g., the S/R is software idle only), when the S/R is in the WA via the WASPAR subroutine (F04X01). C29X03 Scheduled when it is desirable to have module C29 release the WA if a RS interrupt has not occurred. C29X05 Scheduled internally as a subroutine in order to obtain a current image of RS Memory and to clear out the previous interrupt in RS Memory. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C11X01 Register Sender Translation Interrupt Analysis program: C11C01 is called by module C29 when the TRI generated by the RS does not match the TIE field. C26X01 Final Processor program: C26X01 is used when a CAB or timeout occurs to complete or abort the call. E01X03 Data Processing Unit (DPU) Scheduler (RELEASE) program: E01X03 is used to inform the DPU Scheduler that the current job is finished. E01X04 DPU Scheduler (TIME) program: E01X04 is used when the WA is hitched to the CHT after no interrupts are detected. E01X06 EPU Scheduler (RESKED) program: E01X06 is used to cause the DPU Scheduler to add a run request to a queue. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C29X05 Call Conditioning Analysis. F04X01 WASPAR -- Work Area Assignment. F05X01 WADROP -- Work Area Return. F08X01 Register Sender Access During Normal Processing.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

the EAX software does not know when a subscriber will abandon his call, or when the RS will return after collecting the required digits. Therefore, an interrupt mechanism (actually a software scanning of sense lines) is utilized to notify the software of these events as they occur, to initiate the necessary processing.

Normally, interrupts are processed as soon as they occur. Processing an interrupt during certain intervals would be impractical. The system could be in the process of a drum translation when a subscriber abandons his call. In this situation it is desirable to wait until the translation is complete before processing the CAB.

Module C29 is designed to check for the occurrence of RS interrupts during intervals where immediate processing is undesirable and to schedule, as a function of the interrupt detected, the appropriate jobs for additioal processing.

8.2 TECHNIQUE -- Not applicable.

C30 -- fig. 100-100a

1. name -- call Processing Format and Print module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Call Processing Format and Print program (module C30) is responsible for formatting annoyance and timeout printouts using the information gathered by the Call Processing Printout Control program (module C28). Module C30 schedules the Output Message and Print program (module F07) when a message is to be output on the Teletypewriter (TTY).

3. functions

module C30 performs the following functions:

a. Attempts to obtain a spare Work Area (WA). If an overload condition occurs, module C30 is rescheduled. This second WA (one work area is provided by module C28) is required because the message is in two parts.

b. Determines which type of printout is desired: annoyance origination, annoyance termination, or timeout (e.g, busy tone, reorder tone, interdigital or permanent).

c. Formats the data into the WA, one WA for each of the two message parts.

d. Passes the formatted data to module F07 for outputting via the TTY.

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cwc -- call Processing Printout Format Work Area Table.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1. core Tables

Cwc -- call Processing Printout Format Work Area Table.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C30X01 Scheduled by module C28 when a timeout or annoyance printout is required. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit E01X03 Data Processing Unit (DPU) Scheduler (RELEASE) program: E01X03 is used to inform the DPU Scheduler that the current job is completed. E01X06 DPU Scheduler (RESKED) program: E01X06 is used to cause the DPU Scheduler to add a run request to a queue. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names E01X01 ACCEPT -- DPU Scheduler. F05X01 WADROP -- Work Area Return. 8.

8.1 DISCUSSION

EAX has the capability of informing maintenance personnel, via TTY messages, when a timeout or annoyance call occurs. Module C28 is initially called by Call Processing to set up the required data in a spare WA. Module C28 then schedules module C30 to format this data and provide for a TTY output.

Since the TTY messages are in two parts, module C30 attempts to obtain a second WA for its processing. After obtaining the spare WA, module C30 determines which type of printout is desired: an annoyance origination or termination, or a timeout (from a line or trunk origination). The timeouts may be interdigital, permanent, busy tone, or reorder tone. A reorder tone timeout for a trunk origination is an invalid message. When this condition is encountered, both WA's are released and control is given to the Executive.

After determining the type of printout, module C30 formats the data in the two WA's. The first message contains the type, line identity, trunk group incoming, party identity, and originating junctor identity. The last two items are left blank for trunk originations. The second message contains the type, permanent trunk identity, called number, originating class of service, originating service number, and time of printout. The permanent trunk identity is left blank when the call is not terminated to a permanent trunk.

After all necessary formatting is completed, module C30 passes the first message via the ACCEPT entry line (E01X01) to module F07. The second message is passed via the RESKED entry line (E01X01) to module F07.

8.2 technique -- not applicable.

Notes to fig. 100a

1. schedule output format (f07x01) using wa1 and the resked entry line.

c31 -- fig. 101-101b

1. name - local Call Process Maintenance Program (LCPMP) Module.

2. PURPOSE - The Local Call Process Maintenance Program (module C31) has two major responsibilities. First, it serves as the common handler of all error message conditions encountered by Call Processing. It provides all the information for error message formatting to the Call Processing Error Message Formatter program (module C33). Second, module C31 performs software retrials and alternate routing for calls which encounter trouble with certain Terminating Marker (TM) and Register Sender (RS) malfunctions.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module C31 performs the following functions:

a. Obtains a spare 64-word Work Area (WA) for all error conditions detected by Call Processing. It moves the Call History Table (CHT) and WA information required for search key construction into the new WA. When the WA cannot be obtained on the initial attempt, the error message printout is by-passed.

b. Schedules module C33 for all Call Processing error conditions, unless printouts were disabled (CPE = 1).

c. Provides a lockout condition to calls encountering "fatal" errors during Call Processing. The Call Event Metering -- Reorder Tone Metering subroutine (M09X04) is accessed when a "fatal" condition occurs.

d. Returns to the calling Call Processing module, after scheduling module C33, for continued processing when the Call Processing error condition is not "fatal."

e. Serves as the error handler for the RS Access program (module F08) accesses from Call Processing.

f. Serves as the error handler for all the Data Manipulator (MANIP) program (module F35) drum accesses from Call Processing. An appropriate error message is generated utilizing Functions 3(a) through 3(d).

g. Performs TM retrials when scheduled by TM maintenance. Prints a TM error message and provides lockout when continuous retrials fail.

h. Performs RS retrials when scheduled by the RS System Trouble Monitor program (module J28). Prints an error message and provides lockout when continuous retrails fail.

i. Provides lockout by overriding trouble in the RS. The Final Process program (module C26) is scheduled to clear RS Memory after successful lockout of the Register Junctor (RJ).

j. Software idles any senders or receivers previously dropped as a result of RS system trouble.

k. Schedules the Route Number and Directory Number Translation program (C15) for TM and RS retrials when an alternate route is indicated.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Chc -- originating Marker Data Frame Received.

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Chm -- call History Maintenance Table.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cht -- general Call History Table.

Cxf -- drum Tables CRN and CDN.

Fpi -- printout Inhibit Items.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

Fwc -- terminating Marker Received Information.

Hst -- system Status Table.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Chm -- call History Maintenance Table.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Cwa -- sender/Receiver Assigner Interface.

Cwd -- call Processing Maintenance Printout Work Area.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C31X01 Scheduled by module F35 when an error is encountered while attempting a drum translation for Call Processing. C31X02 Scheduled as the error program when Call Processing interfaces with module F08. C31X03 Scheduled by any Call Processing module encountering an error condition requiring the output of a Teletypewriter (TTY) message. C31X04 Scheduled as an error program for accesses. C31X05 Scheduled internally by C31X02 when a Sender/Receiver (S/R) is assigned and the bit is set. C31X06 Scheduled by module J28 to determine if a S/R was dropped. C31X07 Scheduled by the Register Junctor Call Clear program (module C32) to provide lockout. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C25X04 TM Call Complete Process program: C25X04 is used to perform a Call Processing retrial. C26X04 Final Processor program: C26X04 is used to "lockout" a given line or trunk (e.g., return lockout reorder tone from the originating junctor or incoming trunk circuit). C29X03 Call Condition Analysis program: C29X03 is used when it is desirable to have module C29 save the WA by hitching it to the CHT, when a RS interrupt does not occur. C31X05 LCPMP: Used as an internal return point and is scheduled internally by C31X02 when a S/R is assigned and the TEM bit is set. F08X01 RS Access During Normal Processing program: F08X01 is used for writing in RS Memory and has the capability to write and to read-modify-write. F35X01 Data Manipulator (MANIP) Program: F35X01 is used by resident and non-resident programs to access drum memory. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names C27X01 Sender/Receiver Assigner. E01X01 ACCEPT -- Data Processing Unit (DPU) Scheduler. E01X06 RESKED -- DPU Rescheduler. F04X01 WASPAR -- Work Area Assignment. F08X02 RS Access During Maintenance Processing. M09X04 Call Event Metering -- Reorder Tone Metering.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

module C31 is designed to serve as the common handler for all error conditions detected by Call Processing. Errors encountered by module F35, while performing drum translations, are also handled by module C31 logic.

In processing these errors, module C31 first obtains a spare 64-word WA. It then stores into the WA all the CHT and WA information necessary for message key construction. Module C33 is then scheduled, using this spare WA, to enable the required error message to be formatted and printed via the TTY. For most errors, the call is given reorder tone via lockout. For these situations, subroutine M09X04 is called. When the error indicator is 56 (less than three digits received), lockout is not provided; however, the WA is released and additional digits are collected. Similarly, for line circuit faults, ticketing and invalid Pattern errors, and Recognition Field (PRF) errors, control is returned to Call Processing for additional processing.

When printouts are disabled (CPE = 1) or a spare 64-word WA cannot be obtained on the initial attempt, the call is given reorder tone, released, or returned as discussed above without printing an error message.

Module C31 also performs software retrials and attempts alternate routing when a call encounters trouble due to certain TM and RS malfunctions. For TM malfunctions, module C31 is scheduled by either TM maintenance or the Communication Control Register (CCR) Handler program (module C32). It is essential, upon entry to module C31, that TM timing (1.5 second timer) be stopped (IN = 15) since it is likely that a timeout will occur before the TM regains control. Module C31 reads RS Memory to determine if the RS is in trouble and if any paths were pulled. When the RS is in trouble, module C31 releases control since module J28 is scheduled to handle the error. When paths are pulled, the Loop Pulled Indicator (LPI) is set and used by the Alternate Route Control program (module C21) on retrial and alternate route processing. The Error Indicator (E10) field from the I/O programs of the Executive is checked by module C31. If EIO is equal to 8, 9, or 10 the retrial logic is entered. If EIO is other than 8, 9, or 10 a TM error message is printed and the call is given lockout.

When retrials are permitted (EIO = 8, 9, or 10), module C31 allows a second retrial attempt at TM completion. If this retrial fails, module C31 allows one trial on an alternate route (if one is available) and one retrial on this route. Once these four attempts (two attempts when no alternate route is available) prove unsuccessful, a TTY error message is initiated and the call is given lockout.

Module C31 is scheduled by module J28 when RS retrials are required. Upon entry, module C31 checks for RS trouble indications. If the RS is in trouble, module C32 is scheduled to clear down the faulty RJ. If the RS is not in trouble, module C31 schedules the S/R Assigner program (C27) to software idle any senders or receivers dropped (Translation Interrupt of 7). If a S/R is dropped, module C31 reschedules itself upon dropping a path (Translation Interrupt of 8). If a S/R is not dropped, module C31 enters the retrial logic discussed for TM's.

8.2 TECHNIQUE -- Not applicable.

Notes to fig. 101b

1. entry line for tm retrials.

c32 -- figs. 102-102d

1. name -- register Junctor Call Clear Module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Register Junctor Call Clear program (module C32) clears down either idle Register Junctors (RJ's) or RJ's which have calls in progress. Module C32 may be called upon to clear a single RJ or all the RJ's in one Register Sender (RS) Common Logic Unit (CLU).

3. functions -- module C32 performs the following functions:

a. Entry line C32X01 performs the following functions to clear only one RJ:

1. determines if the RS is in a fault condition. When a fault condition exists, module C32 continuously reschedules itself until the fault is cleared.

2. Modifies RS Memory to set the Service Bit (SB), Freeze Bit (FB), and Processing Sequence State (PSS) to one; Timer A (TMA), Timer A Counter (MDA), Connection Sequence State (CSS), and RS word 3B to zero.

3. Indicates that the RJ is software on-line (CHQROL = 0), and interfaces with the Manual Test Panel (MTP) Abort Routine (V81X04) allowing maintenance to release any RJ under its control.

4. Resets the BY latch in RS Memory if the CSS was non-zero prior to reset. When there is Trouble In Assignment (TAS = 1), the BY latch is reset by the RS, thus module C32 is not needed to reset the BY latch.

5. Sets a flag indicating that this particular RJ is being cleared down using entry line C32X01 (CHQABC = 1).

6. modifies the Work Area (WA) to schedule entry line C32X04 as the next program when the WA is linked to the Call History Table (CHT) associated with this particular RJ (CHQWAL = 1) and the WA is currently being used to schedule another program (CHQIPS = 1). C32X04 will continue processing utilizing the linked WA. If the work area of the call being processed was on the exec timer queue for S/R timing when C32X04 will also decrement a counter which indicates the number of work areas of that type that are on the timer queue.

7. Modifies the CHT to schedule entry line C32X03 as the next program, when a WA is not linked to the CHT associated with this particular RJ (CHQWAL = 0) and the CHT is currently being used to schedule another program (CHQIPS = 1). C32X03 obtains a spare 26-word WA, links this WA to the CHT, and continues processing the RJ.

8. obtains a spare 26-word WA and links the WA to the CHT when a WA is not linked to the CHT associated with this particular RJ (CHQWAL = 0) and the CHT is not currently being used to schedule another program (CHWIPS = 0). Module C32 will then continue processing.

9. Utilizes the WA to continue module C32 processing when a WA is linked to the CHT associated with this particular RJ (CHQWAL = 1) and the WA is not currently being used to shcedule another program (CHQIPS = 0).

10. schedules the calling program back with the original WA passed to module C32. Normal module C32 processing continues utilizing the WA linked to the CHT.

11. writes into RS Memory, to zero those fields which are used in clearing down this particular RJ.

12. indicates that maintenance is working with this particular RJ (CHQCRJ = 1).

13. interfaces with the Reorder Tone Metering subroutine (M09X04) for RJ's which are in the midst of processing a call.

14. Utilizes C31X07 to generate lockout for the subscriber.

b. Entry line C32X02 performs the following functions to clear down one half of the RJ's in a RS section:

1. Determines which half of the RJ's should be cleared either CLUA or CLUB), and which RS section is involved. The total number of RJ's to be cleared is obtained from table CEP.

2. initializes the CHT address of the RJ, utilizing the RJ Identity (FWARJI).

3. schedules the calling program's error return when the CLU being cleared is not equipped in the office or an error occurs.

4. Interfaces with the MTP Abort Routine (V81X05).

5. determines if a particular RJ is currently being cleared down by entry line C32X01 (CHQABC = 1) or if the RJ is currently off-line (CHQROL = 1). For either of these situtations, the clearing down of the particular RJ is bypassed, the number of RJ's to be cleared is decremented by one, and the next RJ, along with the associated CHT, is selected.

6. Clears eight RJ's then skips the next eight RJ's (located in the other CLU) because RJ's are assigned to CLU's in increments of eight.

7. Modifies RS Memory to set the FB and PSS to one; TMA, MDA, and CSS are set to zero.

8. Indicates when the RJ and any associated Sender/Receiver (S/R) are to be placed on-line (CHHRJS = CHHSRS = 0).

9. modifies the WA to schedule entry line C32X04 as the next program when there is a WA linked to the CHT associated with the RJ (CHQWAL = 1) which is currently being used to schedule another program CHQIPS = 1). C32X04 then continues processing on this RJ utilizing the linked WA. If the work area of the call being processed was on the exec timer queue for S/R timing when C32X02 was called, C32X04 will also decrement a counter which indicates the number of work areas of that type that are on the timer queue.

10. Modifies the CHT to schedule entry line C32X03 as the next program when there is no WA linked to the CHT associated with the particular RJ (CHQIPS = 1). C32X03 then obtains a spare 26-word WA, links it to the CHT, and continues processing on the particular RJ.

11. sets a flag in the RJ's CHT indicating that entry line C32X02 is clearing the particular RJ (CHQDRP = 1) when no other programs are currently scheduled (CHQIPS = 0) with either the CHT (CHQWAL = 0) or possibly a WA linked to the CHT (CHQWAL = 1).

12. resets the Temporary Configuration (TEM) bit along with the BY and DMC latches after all RJ's are set up to be cleared.

13. Obtains a spare 26-word WA for use in clearing down the CLU RJ's and schedules the calling program back with the original WA.

14. determines if the RJ is allocated. If not allocated, processing utilizing entry line C32X02 is completed and control is released.

15. Determines if entry line C32X02 is to clear the particular RJ (CHQDRP = 1) when RJ's are allocated. If the particular RJ is not to be cleared, the next RJ in the CLU is similarly checked. This procedure continues until a RJ requiring clearing is found.

16. Utilizes the WA to clear the RJ as in Functions (a) 11 through 14, when a WA is linked to the CHT (CHQWAL = 1).

17. obtains a spare 26-word WA and links it to the CHT when a WA is not linked (CHQWAL = 0). The RJ is then cleared as in Functions (a) 11 through 14.

18. Reschedules C32X07 after each RJ is set up to be cleared, until all allocated RJ's are processed. See Function (b) 14.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cep -- engineering Office Parameters.

Cha -- scheduling Information.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Hst -- system Status Table.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Ccw -- call Processing Counts of Work Areas on the Executive Timer Queue for S/R Timing.

Cha -- scheduling Information.

Chl -- ticketing Interface Data.

Chm -- call History Maintenance Table.

Chq -- program Generated Indicators.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- call Processing Register Sender Memory Image.

5.1.2 Drum Tables --0 None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C32X01 Scheduled when the system requires a single RJ to be cleared down as a result of some trouble condition. C32X02 Scheduled when the system requires the clearing of one half of the RJ's associated with an RS Section (either CLUA or CLUB). C32X03 Scheduled internally when it is determined that a WA is not linked to the CHT associated with the RJ being processed (CHQWAL = 0), and that CHT is being utilized to schedule another program (CHQIPS = 1). - C32X04 Scheduled internally when it is determined that a WA is linked to the CHT associated with the RJ being processed (CHQWAL = 1) and that WA is being utilized to schedule another program (CHQIPS = 1). C32X05 Scheduled when entry line C32X01 is required to obtain a spare 26-word WA. C32X05 is rescheduled when a WA overload condition is encountered. C32X06 Scheduled internally on an overload condition while obtaining a spare 26-word WA prior to clearing down a RJ of a given CLU. C32X07 Continuously scheduled until all the RJ's marked for clearing are processed. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit C31X07 Local Call Process Maintenance Program (LCPMP): C31X07 is used by module C32 to provide lock-out by overriding trouble in the RS. E01X03 Data Processing Unit (DPU) Scheduler (RELEAS) program: E01X03 is used to inform the DPU Scheduler that the current job is completed. E01X06 DPU Scheduler (RESKED) program: E01X06 is used to cause the DPU Scheduler to add a run request to a queue. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names E01X01 ACCEPT -- DPU Scheduler. F04X01 WASPAR -- Work Area Assignment. F08X02 RS Access During Maintenance Processing. F14X01 CHT Address Calculation. L01X04 CONFIG -- Configuration Control Program. M09X04 Call Event Metering -- Reorder Tone Metering. V81X04 Maintenance Control Center (MCC) Maintenance Strings. V81X05 MCC Maintenance Strings.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

module C32 may be called by any program when either a single RJ or an entire RS CLU requires clearing down. Module C32 has two major entry points, one to clear a single RJ (C32X01), and one to clear all the RJ's in a RS CLU (C32X02).

When C32X01 is called, a particular RJ is assumed to be in some type of trouble condition. When the TEM bit is set, C32X01 is continually rescheduled until the TEM bit is reset. The first task is to modify the RS Memory allowing the clearing down process to proceed without being inhibited by further hardware problems. Once the required fields and latches are set up, module C32 obtains the RJ's CHT address from the WA, and indicates in the CHT that this particular RJ is being cleared down (CHQABC = 1).

Module C32 requires the use of a 26-word WA to clear down the RJ(s). When a job is currently scheduled with the RJ being cleared (CHQIPS = 1), the job is allowed to complete its tasks with module C32 scheduled as the next program. If a WA is linked to the CHT of this particular RJ (CHQWAL = 1), module C32 is scheduled via entry line C32X04. If a WA is not linked, module C32 is scheduled via entry line C32X03.

Entry to module C32 via entry line C32X04 implies that module C32 may utilize the 26-word WA previously linked to the CHT to clear this particular RJ. Entry via C32X03 indicates that a spare 26-word WA must be obtained before clearing down the RJ.

When module C32 determines that a job is not scheduled with this particular RJ (CHQIPS = 0), processing continues without any realtime breaks. If a WA is linked to this particular RJ's CHT (CHQWAL = 1), that particular WA is used by module C32 to clear down the RJ. If a WA is not linked, a spare 26-word WA must be obtained before clearing down the RJ.

When module C32 indicates that a program is scheduled and a WA linked to this particular RJ by setting the Inhibit Program Scheduling (IPS) and Work Area Linked (WAL) indicators to one. The Reorder Tone Metering Subroutine (M09X04) is called when a call was in progress on this particular RJ. RS Memory is updated to effect a final clearing of the RJ. The subscriber is then given reorder tone via C31X07.

Module C32 is called via entry line C32X02 when the calling program requires C32 to clear down all RJ's in a given RS CLU. This entry line ensures that each RJ in the CLU is cleared down.

The first RJ, for the selected CLU, and its associated CHT address are determined. The total number of RJ's in the particular RS section is retrieved from table CEP. An interface with maintenance is accomplished via subroutine V81X05, allowing the release of any RJ's under its control. Each RJ in the CLU is checked. The RJ's being cleared down by entry line C32X01 or those which are in an off-line status are bypassed. RJ's not in a clear down process are set up for eventual clearing down by entry line C32X02.

Entry lines C32X03 (WA not linked) and C32X04 (WA linked) are employed, as in the single RJ clear process, when a job is already scheduled on the RJ. When no other jobs are scheduled and the RJ is to be cleared down, an indicator in its CHT (CHQDRP = 1) is set by entry line C32X02.

The 192 RS's are assigned to the two CLU's in alternate groups of eight. This grouping of the RJ's requires entry line C32X02 to check only eight RJ's, then it skips the next eight since they are assigned to the other CLU. Once all the RJ's in the CLU are processed to determine if they require clearing, entry line C32X02 rests the TEM bit for the RS section being cleared. The BY and DMC latches are also reset. A spare 26-word WA is obtained and the calling program is scheduled with the original WA.

Module C32 proceeds with the actual clearing down of those RJ's which are marked for clearing (CHQDRP = 1) and are in the selected CLU. When a WA is not already linked to the RJ's CHT, a spare 26-word word WA is obtained, otherwise, the linked WA is utilized to clear the RJ. C32X07 is rescheduled until all marked RJ's are processed. The clearing down processes use logic common to entry point C32X01. This common logic interfaces with subroutine M09X04 and provides lockout via C31X07.

8.2 technique -- not applicable.

1. NAME -- Call Processing Error Message Formatter Module.

2. PURPOSE -- The Call Processing Error Message Formatter program (module C33) formats all pertinent information for either software or hardware error messages, enabling printing of the error messages via the Teletypewriter (TTY). Checks are initiated for the detection of error conditions throughout the Call Processing software modules. These errors may either be software (data base or coding errors) or hardware in nature. When one of the errors is encountered, a TTY message is output, notifying the craftsman to take corrective action.

3. FUNCTIONS -- Module C33 performs the following functions:

a. Determines the particular type of error to be processed from the error indicator passed by the calling program.

b. Formats a message with error indicators and search keys of zero, when the error indicator is out of range.

c. Determines the value of the Drum Problem Indicator (DPI) and retrieves the three-letter table name from table CMM, when drum table errors are encountered.

d. Blanks the DPI and retrieves the three-letter table name from table CMM for all core table errors.

e. Blanks the DPI and the three-letter table name for all other valid errors.

f. Accesses table CMC to retrieve search key and message skeleton information for all valid errors.

g. Accesses table CMD for specific search key data.

h. Obtains an additional Work Area (WA) via the WA Assignment (WASPAR) program (module F04), when an error printout is divided into two parts.

i. Schedules the Output Message and Print (OUTPUT) program (module F07) for formatting the message into an internal code and for outputting the message via the TTY.

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cmc -- control Data Maintenance.

Cmd -- data Description Maintenance.

Cmm -- call Maintenance Mnemonics.

Cwd -- call Processing Maintenance Printout Work Area.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

4.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

4.1.3 Registers -- None.

4.2 HARDWARE -- None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Cwd -- call Processing Maintenance Printout Work Area.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

5.1.2 Drum Tables -- None.

5.1.3 Registers -- None.

5.2 HARDWARE -- None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Points Reasons for Entry C33X01 C33X01 is scheduled by the Local Call Processing Maintenance Program (module C31) to format Call Processing Error Messages. C33X02 C33X02 is scheduled internally when a WA overload condition is encountered while obtaining a second WA for a two-part message. C33X03 C33X03 is scheduled as a subroutine to retrieve the search key data from the WA. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Points Reasons for Exit E01X06 Data Processing Unit (DPU) Scheduler (RESKED) program: E01X06 is used to cause the DPU Scheduler to add a run request to a queue. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Points Functional Names E01X01 ACCEPT -- DPU Scheduler. F04X01 WASPAR -- WA Assignment.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

throughout the Call Processing, software module checks are initiated to check for existence of certain errors. When any of these errors are encountered, a TTY message is provided. This message contains the necessary information to initiate corrective action. Module C33 was designed as the common formatter for all Call Processing error messages. Each error message processed by module C33 is identified by an error indicator (IND). This indicator is passed to module C33 by the program detecting the error, and will be printed as a part of the TTY message. The TTY message is of the following general format; however, for special situations it can be varied:

A3 tt cpin aa, bbb, c

lni/tnk

tdn

sk1

sk2

where:

A3 TT CPIN Represents header information for Call Processing messages. AA Represents the error indicator which uniquely identifies each error (IND) passed to module C33. BB Represents a three-letter table name. This field is used with drum and core tables only. C Represents the drum problem indicator which also identifies, the particular type of drum error encountered, and is used with drum tables only. LNI/TNK Represent the inlet identity of the originating subscriber associated with this error. LNI is used for line originations. TNI is used for Trunk originations. TDN Represents the Terminating Directory Number(s) input by the subscriber at the time this particular error was detected. SK1/SK2 Represent search key values associated with a particular error. These values may be considered the source data utilized by Call Processing while detecting an error.

Module C33 utilizes IND in determining the type of error encountered. There are three basic types of errors: drum table, core table, and system errors. Message formatting is performed by module C33 as a function of these error types.

When the IND indicates a drum error has occurred, module C33 sets up the DPI for a message output utilizing the Error Indicators from the I/O programs of the Executive (EIO) field set by the drum handler. The EIO field defines the type of drum error (software, hardware, invalidity, or no coincidence). The DPI field is used with drum error messages only and is blanked for all other error messages.

An appropriate three-letter table Name (MNE) must be output on the message for both drum and core table errors. The MNE is retrieved from table CMM utilizing IND as an index. The MNE field is blanked when the error is not a table error.

Module C33 retrieves error control data from table CMC for all valid errors. IND is again utilized as an index for table CMC. Four pieces of data are retrieved: up to three search key codes and one message format (or skeleton) number. Module C33 utilizes the search key codes as inputs to a subroutine (C33X03), which then retrieves the actual search key data from the WA. C33X03 then masks and repositions the data in the WA to enable the data to be used as an output. C33X03 utilizes table CMD for this data manipulation.

Module C33 then checks for error messages requiring special format processing. Certain messages require unused digit positions, in the terminating directory number field, to be zeroed out. For example, an error on a 4-digit CGT translation only provides the four digits utilized in the drum access (all others are blanked out). Some message formats only require one search key to be output and for these situations module C33 blanks search key 2.

Finally the message skeleton number is stored in the WA and module F07 is scheduled to format the message into an internal code; it then is output via the TTY.

8.2 technique -- not applicable.

EXECUTIVE PROGRAM MODULES

F.phi.2 -- figs. 106 - 106b

1. name: link to Queue Program

2. PURPOSE: The purpose of module F0x is to link a work area to a specified queue.

3. FUNCTIONS:

a. Maintains current, total and empty queue statistics.

b. Initiates a validity check for the type field.

c. Links to the front or back of a queue.

d. Maintains maximum length queue has attained.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core table

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area

Fra -- queue Root

Esl -- executive Storage Locations

4.1.2 DRUM TABLES

None

4.1.3 REGISTERS

X1 -- identity of Work Area to be Queued

X2 -- queue root identifier

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area

Fra -- queue Root

Esl -- executive Storage Locations

5.1.2 DRUM TABLES

None

5.1.3 REGISTERS

None

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS ENTRY REASONS FOR ENTRY POINTS F.phi.2X.phi.1 Link to back of Queue F.phi.2X.phi.3 Link to front of Queue 6.2 EXIT POINTS EXIT REASONS FOR EXIT POINTS Control is always returned to the calling program. 7. SUBROUTINES USED ENTRY FUNCTIONAL NAMES POINTS NONE

8.0narrative

8.1 discussion

the queue structure used by the executive consists of two parts: the entries in the queue and the queue roots. Each queue has a unique root, fixed table of six words, associated with it. The root points to the first queue entry, the first points to the second, etc. The last entry contains a zero instead of a pointer to indicate the end of the queue. The queue root also contains the last entry to facilitate adding new entries.

The F.phi.2 module provides two way linkage of a work area. A work area may be linked to the front or the back of the queue depending upon the entry line called. Both entry lines provide a route of initializing first and last entry pointers in the queue root if the queue is empty. Interrupts are disabled as a function of the LNKTAB macro.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

When linking a work area to the back of a queue; entry is required from line F.phi.2X.phi.1. Upon entry an initial check is made to determine if the queue has other work areas in it. If it doesn't the empty queue counter is incremented and a check is made to see if the work area type is valid. If the work area type is valid the linkage word of the new entry is stored in the zeroed link field and the first and last entry pointers are stored in the queue root. The total and current entry counts are incremented and the maximum count is equated to the current count if the present maximum count is less than the current count. The interrupts are enabled and return is made to the caller.

When the initial check determines the queue is not empty and the type field is valid the new entry address is merged into the old last entry and the old last entry's linking address now points to the now last entry. Return is made to the caller after the entry counts are incremented and interrupts enabled as described earlier.

When linkage is required to the front of a queue, entry line F.phi.2X.phi.3 is called. If the queue is empty, processing remains the same as for an empty queue in F.phi.2x.phi.1. If the queue is not empty the address of the first entry is merged into the new entry linkage in the work area and the address of the new entry is placed in the queue root. The total and current empty counts are incremented and the maximum count is equated to the current count if the present maximum count is less than the current count. The interrupts are enabled and return is made to the caller. If upon any entry line (X.phi.1 or X.phi.3) the type field is found to be invalid, a call to work area audit is initiated.

F.phi.3 -- fig. 107

1. name: -- unlink from queue program

2. purpose: -- the purpose of module F.phi.3 is to unlink work areas from the front of the work area queue.

3. FUNCTIONS:

a. Maintains a current count of entries in the queue.

b. Passes the work area address of the entry being unlinked to the calling program.

c. Adjust pointers to entries remaining in the queue.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core table

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area

Fra -- queue Root

Esl -- executive Storage Locations

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

X2 -- Queue Root Identifier

4.2 Hardware

None

5. Outputs

5.1 Software

5.1.1 Core tables

Fra -- queue Root

Esl -- executive Storage Locations

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

Ra -- < .phi. -- queue empty

Ra -- > .phi. -- normal return

X1 -- work area identity if RA> .phi.

5.2 hardware

None

6. Control

6.1 Entry Points Entry Reasons for Entry Points F.phi.3X.phi.1 Unlink from top of Queue 6.2 Exit Points Exit Reasons for Exit Points Control is always return to the calling program. 7. Subroutines Used Entry Functional names Points None.

8.0 NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

the F.phi.3 module provides the capability of unlinking a work area from a queue over entry line F.phi.3X.phi.1. Unlike the linking module F.phi.2 unlinking can only take place from the front of the queue. The interrupts are disabled as a function of the LNKTAB macro.

Technique:

upon entry via F.phi.3X.phi.1 the work area queue is checked to determine if any entries are present. If the queue is empty the error return indicator is set, the interrupts are enabled and return is made to the caller.

If the queue is not empty, the count is decremented by one and the queue is checked for additional entries. If only one entry is in the queue the queue root address is used as the last entry address.

The address of the entry being removed is stored for passage to the caller. The new first entries address is put in the first entry section of the queue root and a normal return is made to the caller after the interrupts are enabled.

*NOTES TO FIG. 107

1. interrupts disabled in entry line table by use of dismac.

2. enimac

f03xc1 used to remove first entry from a queue.

inputs: (xr2) = queue root identity

outputs:

(xr1) - work area address if queue was not empty

(ra) .gtoreq. .phi. if queue was not empty

(ra) <0 if queue was empty

f.phi.4 -- figs. 108-108a

1. name:

f.phi.4 -- work area assignment program

2. purpose:

the purpose of module F.phi.4 is to assign a spare work area from the queue to fulfill a request from the caller because of an overload.

3. FUNCTIONS:

a. calls unlink to obtain a work area from the appropriate spare work area queue.

b. calls lamplighter for overload lamps

c. checks for overload condition

d. returns indication to user of successful or overload condition if requested

e. causes scheduling of user specified program overload, if requested by user

4. Inputs

4.1 Software

4.1.1 Core Tables

Fra -- queue Root

Esl -- executive Storage Locations

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area

Eps -- executive Parameter Storage

4.1.2 Drum Tables

NONE

4.1.3 registers

X1 -- work Area to be used for Executive overload handling

X2 -- work Area type indicator

Ra -- overload return program name and Entry line. Bit 24 set indicates that Executive is to handle overload

4.2 Hardware

NONE

5. outputs

5.1 Software

5.1.1 Core tables

Fra -- queue Root

Esl -- executive Storage Location

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area

5.1.2 Drum Tables

NONE

5.1.3 registers

Ra = .phi. if normal return

Ra = <.phi. if overload and caller is to handle Work Area overload

X1 -- work area identity if RA = .phi.

5.2 hardware

NONE

6. control

6.1 Entry Points Entry Reasons for Entry Points F.phi.4X.phi.1 Obtain a spare Work Area 6.2 Exit points Exit Points Reasons for exits E.phi.1X.phi.6 No Work Areas of size requested and executive is to handle overload Otherwise, control is returned to the caller 7. Subroutines Entry Functional Name Points F03X.phi.1 UNLINK -- Obtain entry from Queue L25X.phi.1 LMPLTR -- Set work area overload lamp on MCC

8.0 narrative:

8.1 discussion

module F.phi.4 assigns work areas on the basis of the specified Work Area type indicator. Register A contains the program name and entry line. If bits 24 is set the exec is to handle the overload rather than returning to the caller at that time.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Upon entry to F.phi.4 there is a call via macro PGLINK to unlink a work area from a spare work area queue. If a work area is available and is not the last one in the spare queue, the normal return indicator is set and return is made to the caller.

When a work area of requested size is not available and the exec is not to handle the overload the error return indicator is set. Return is then made to the caller after enabling the interrupts.

Upon non-availability of a requested work area the exec may be called to handle the overload. This is accomplished by calling the RESKED entry line (E.phi.1X.phi.6) for the overload rescheduling of the specified program.

When a work area is retrieved and it is the last one in the queue lamplighter is called to light the overload lamp. The interrupts are enabled if applicable and normal return is made to the caller.

F.phi.5 -- fig. 109

1. name

work Area Return (WADROP) Module.

2. PURPOSE

The Work Areas Return Program (Module F05) returns Work Areas (WA's) to spare queues.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module F05 performs the following functions:

a. Calls the Link to Queue program (module FO2).

b. Calls the lamplighter (if applicable) to extinguish the WA overload lamp.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

HLS -- Lamp Status Table.

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

4.1.3 Registers

X1 -- Contains the work area address.

4.2 HARDWARE

None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

None.

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

5.1.3 Registers

None.

5.2 HARDWARE

None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F05X01 F05X01 is called to return temporary WA's to the proper spare WA queue. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points None. Control is returned to the calling program. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F02X01 Link to Priority Queue: Link to the Back of the Queue. L25X01 Lamplighter (LMPLTR). 8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

module F05 is entered by calling entry line F05X01. Upon entry, information regarding the return of a WA to a spare queue and the size of the queue is obtained by accessing the linkage word and symbolic queue identifier.

A mask, indicating a Lit Lamp, is compared with the lamp status table. If the lamp is already extinguished, a branch to module F02 is initiated. After control is returned to module F05, interrupts are enabled and control is returned to the caller. If the overload lamp is lit, a call to the Lamplighter subroutine is initiated to extinguish the overlamp. Then a branch to module F02 is initiated. After control is returned to module F05, interrupts are enabled and control is returned to caller.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Not applicable.

* NOTES to FIG. 109

1. interrupts disabled in entry line table by dsimac.

2. interrupts enabled when required by use of enimac.

3. type is used as queue root identity of appropriate spare queue.

4. called to extinghish work area overload. f05x01 used to return work areas to the spare queues.

input:

(xr1) = work area address

output: none

l13g

1. name

work Area (WA) and Call History Table (CHT) Initializer module.

2. PURPOSE

The WA and CHY Initializer program (module L13G) clears and initializes regular WA's, special WA's, and CHT's.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module L13G performs the following functions:

a. Sets the Register Junctor (RJ) off-line bit, in the corresponding CHT, for each unequipped RJ.

b. Initializes all regular and special WA's and links them to spare queues or hitching posts.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cep -- engineered Office Parameters

Chq -- call History Table

Esw -- special Work Area Initialization Table.

Fjb -- base Level Junk

Hep -- engineered Parameters

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

4.1.3 Registers

None.

4.2 HARDWARE

None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Chq -- call History Tables

Fhp -- hitching Post Table

Fjb -- base Level Junk

Fza -- special Work Area Table

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

5.1.3 Registers

None.

5.2 HARDWARE

None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points L13G01 L13G01 is branched to clear and initialize regular and special WA's, and CHT's. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reason For Exit Points L13D01 (End) L13D01 is used when all the WA's and CHT's are accounted for. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F05X01 WADROP -- Work Area Return. 8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

since WA's and CHT's are not imaged on drum memory, module L13G must initialize these areas before control is transferred to the EAX system. Before the system begins operation, all WA's must be properly linked to a queue or hitching post, and each CHT must reflect its RJ's installed status.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Module L13G first initializes all allocated CHT's. The quantity of CHT's in a section is an engineerable parameter. For each equipped CHT, a check is performed (in table HEP) to determine if the associated RJ is also equipped. When the bit in table HEP is not set (the RJ is not installed), the off-line bit in the associated CHT is set. A check is performed determining if Office Section two is installed. When Office Section two is installed, module L13G performs the same actions as in Office Section One.

Regular WA's are then initialized. Table HEP is utilized in determining the size, type number, and quantity of each WA type. The relative depth in the WA common area is computed for each WA. After the computation, the WA is dropped via the WA return (WADROP) program (module F05). This operation is performed for each WA type.

Table ESW is utilized in the construction of the special WA's. Each special WA described in table ESW is hitched to its respective hitching post, and the type field of each WA is initialized.

F14 -- fig. 110

1. name

call History Table Address Calculator Subroutine.

2. PURPOSE

Module F14 provides centralized calculation of Call History table addresses from Register Junctor identities.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module F14 performs the following functions:

a. Determines whether the Register Junctor identity input is within the range of equipped units.

b. Calculates the relative address of the Call History Table slot in the Call History Table.

c. Returns control to the calling program.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

CEP -- Call Processing Engineering Parameters Table.

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

4.1.3 Registers

RA -- Register Junctor identity consisting of Register Junctor Number (0-191) in bits 4-11 and Register Sender Section in bit 12 (0 = Section 1; 1 = Section 2).

4.2 HARDWARE

None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

None.

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

5.1.3 Registers

A-register -- Validity Indicator

(0 indicates register junctor is not equipped)

(1indicates calculations successful)

Q-register -- Register Junctor identity received as input.

Xr2 -- call History Table slot relative address

Xr1 -- saved and restored

All other registers are destroyed.

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F14X01 This is the only entry point of module F14 and is called by any program desiring Call History Table address calculation. It may be entered in base level or any interrupt level. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points The exit point is to return control to the calling program.

7. SUBROUTINES USED

None.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

the No. 1 EAX has many programs which need to access a Call History Table slot corresponding to a particular register junctor. The program may not have the index value for accessing the particular slot. To centralize the calculations of that index, module F14, Call History Table Address Calculator subroutine is provided.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

F14 makes a range check on the Register Junctor number before making address calculation.

If bit 12 of A-Register is zero, indicating Register Sender section 1, the Register Junctor number is compared with CEPRE1. If Register Junctor is not greater than CEPRE1, control is then returned to calling program. If Register Junctor number is greater than CEPRE1, A-Register is cleared and control is returned to calling program.

If bit 12 of A-Register is set, indicating Register Sender Section 2, the Register Junctor number is compared with CEPRE2. If the Register Junctor number is not greater than CEPRE2, XR2 is loaded (Register number + CEPRE1) *12 and A-Register is set to 1; control is then returned to calling program. If Register Junctor number is greater than CEPRE2, A-Register is cleared and control is returned to calling program.

Notes to fig. 110

inputs:

ra -- rj identity w/section bit

outputs:

ra -- validity indicator

xr2 -- call history table address

rq -- incoming rj identity

cepre1 = highest value of an equipped rj in rs unit 1

cepre2 = highest value of an equipped rj in rs unit 2

cepra1 = number of call history table entries for rs unit 1

f29 -- figs. 111-111c

1. name

drum Scheduler

2. PURPOSE

To accept requests for drum I/O, and to initiate or queue these requests depending on the availability of an idle DCU.

3. functions

a. Accepts request from Manipulator or the user.

b. Provides control interlock for the non-resident area.

c. Performs boundary tests to insure that the user has provided adequate buffer area to receive requested data.

d. Provides proper routing of accesses requiring gradual transition when the Update program is active.

e. Provides proper routings of transient write accesses.

f. Determines if the job can be executed on the required DCU(s).

g. Initiates the job if the required DCU(s) is (are) idle.

h. Queues the job on the appropriate drum queue if the required DCU(s) is (are) busy.

i. Returns control to the caller or releases to the Executive.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Fje -- executive Junk Storage

Ncw -- update Status Word

Fdp -- drum Parameter Table

Cep -- engineering Parameter Table

Fsw -- work Area Size Table

Chq -- user's Call History Table

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

4.1.3 Registers

XR1 -- Work Area Address

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

FWA -- User's Work Area

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

XR1 -- Work Area Address

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Engry Points F29X01 This is the only entry point, called by the Manipulator or certain users for access to the drum.

6.2 EXIT POINTS

This module may take one of two exit paths, as specified by the caller:

1. Return to the caller 2. Exit to the Executive's TIME Loop (E01X04)

7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F30A15 Called to determine if a job can be executed on a given idle DCU F30A11 Called to initiate a job on a specified DCU F30A03 Called to schedule a user's error program, if required. F02X01 Called to link a job to a specified drum queue

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

the scheduler acts as an interface between a requestor of drum I/O and the drum handler. It performs routine functions such as NRA control interlock, final initialization of the work area and boundary size checks. The terminal function is to initiate the job (if a required DCU available) or queue it for execution later.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

The bulk of the scheduler's function involves boundary checks on user-provided buffer area, to prevent inadvertent overflow of this area. Several dedicated code paths exist for these checks designed to minimize the real-time required to make them. As employed elsewhere in handling the drum the user's access mode (see Technique section of Drum Handler, F30) is utilized to route the access through the required buffer size tests. Failure to pass these tests will result in termination of the job, and the user's error program being scheduled.

If these tests are passed (or are not required), a check is made to see if one or both DCU's of the specified DCU pair is idle. If so, a subroutine of the Drum Handler is called to verify that the status of the required DCU will permit execution at this time. If so, the Drum Handler is again called, to initiate the job on the DCU. If execution cannot proceed at this time (or the required DCU is busy), then the job is queued up on the appropriate queue for execution later.

F30 -- figs. 112-112f

1. name

drum Handler

2. PURPOSE

To provide centralized control of I/O with the drum memory system and with DMS isolation programs.

3. FUNCTIONS

a. Provides external interfaces with:

1. Interrupt Cause and Analysis Program

2. DMS Isolation Programs

3. I/O Device Time-Out Audit

b. Initializes DCU Initialization Table with proper control information as required for each specific access to drum

c. Scans queues of an idle DCU in search of jobs awaiting execution.

d. Schedules a user's error program when required.

e. Schedules the user's next program, when appropriate.

f. Handles the occurrence of ready interrupts from DCU's.

g. Processes data from DCU spills into a format requested by the user.

h. Initiates a DCU spill, if requested by the user.

i. Transfers data from DCU initialization table into a user's specified buffer area.

j. Performs validity check on data and control bit removal from data, if requested.

k. Deletes primary data cell and primary address of coincidence, if requested.

l. Clears DCU hardware and associated software indicator in preparation for next job.

m. Initiates a job on the DCU by issuing the appropriate CPD.

n. Supervises special hardware interface required for access into off-line care.

o. Maintains interface with I/O Device Time-Out Audit program.

p. Honors Maniac requests of Reset and Ignore, or Direct/Scheduled Reroute on either error or ready interrupts.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Fdp -- drum Parameter Table

Fsv -- status Verify Table

Hst -- system Status Table

Fjp -- interrupt Level Junk Storage Table

Fdi -- dcu initialization Table

Fdm -- drum Data Mask Table

Fhp -- hitching Post Table

Hrd -- dms isolation Status Table

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address or DCU Identity

Xr2 -- subroutine Caller Identity

Xr3 -- entry Line Identity

4.2 HARDWARE

DCU(s) either ready; in error; or in undetermined state, SG-65 CCP identity

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Fjp -- interrupt Level Junk Storage

Fdi -- dcu initialization Table

Fdp -- drum Parameter Table

Fhp -- hitching Post Table

Eps -- executive Parameter Storage Table

Hel -- i/o device Time-Out Audit Timing Table

Cht -- user's Call History Table

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

Xr2 -- dcu identity

5.2 HARDWARE

DCU cleared: initialized; or placed in spill mode.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F30X01 Not used F30X02 Called by Interrupt Cause and Analysis Program for processing of a DCU ready interrupt. F30X03 Called by Interrupt Cause and Analysis Program for processing of a DCU error interrupt. F30X04 Called by DMS Isolation to process a DCU ready interrupt obtained from a retry of a job. F30X05 Called by DMS Isolation to schedule a user's error program and clear the DCU in use. F30X06 Called by DMS isolation to re-execute a job on a specified DCU. F30X07 Called by I/O Device Time-Out Audit to notify the handler that a DCU has failed to generate a response in the normal amount of time. F30A02 Called by Drum Handler Subroutines II (F41) to scan the queues of an idle DCU. F30A03 Called by Drum Scheduler (F29) to schedule a user's error program. F30A07 Called by Drum Handler Subrouting I (F40) to schedule a user's next program. F30A10 Called by Drum Handler Subroutines II (F41) to clear down a DCU and its associated software. F30A11 Called by Drum Scheduler (F29) to initiate a job on an idle DCU. F30A15 Called by Drum Scheduler (F29) to clear a job for execution on a specified DCU.

6.2 exit points

return is always to the caller, regardless of which entry point is utilized; thus each entry is in essence a closed subroutine.

7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points P01X01 DMS Isolation -- Called to handle DCU errors on which no Maniac requests exist. L09X01 Maniac MANCHK Processor -- Called to obtain Maniac information on a DCU error sense line. F03X01 UNLINK -- Called to unlink a task from one of the DCU queues. F02X01 LINK -- Called to link a job to a queue. F05X01 WADROP -- Called to return a user's work area to the spare queue. P02X01 DMS Isolation Ignore Error and Return Routine -- Called to handle user errors on DCU's which have been allocated to a drum -- drum transfer. P01X03 DMS Isolation Response/No Job Handler -- Called to handle an interrupt from a DCU on which no job is in progress.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

all logic required for actual access to the DCU hardware is contained in this module. Those functions which are characteristic to all system device handlers (e.g., MANIAC processing, ready and error interrupt handling, etc.) are included, as well as functions characteristic to the drum alone.

Concerning error handling: the decision logic associated with isolating possible faults and performing necessary hardware configuration is the sole responsibility of the DMS Isolation Program. The Drum Handler provides several utilities that are required for this process; e.g., retries, scheduling the user's error program, processing a `pseudo` ready interrupt (i.e., success occurred on a retry), etc. These utilities are incorporated into the handler because:

1. The handler already contains the necessary code for these procedures (i.e., it is required for normal job processing) and/or,

2. Such an arrangement allows the handler to maintain more efficient and accurate control of the drum as a resource.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

The major criterion in designing the handler was minimization of the real-time requirement for call-processing-oriented accesses. To effect this, the call-processing path is coded separate (where feasible) from the more general processing paths. Since this technique tends to increase the core storage requirement (also at a premium) a secondary effort was made to minimize the additional core storage required. As a result, the handler is organized into a group of 14 functional subroutines, in order to consolidate redundant functions and promote organization.

The result of employing these techniques was to effect the required through put while actually decreasing the core storage requirement.

Functionally, the subroutines are organized as follows:

F30a01 -- set up the DCU initialization table as required for a given access to drum.

F30a02 -- scan the queues of an idle DCU pair in search of jobs awaiting execution.

F30a03 -- schedule a user's error program with a specified error code.

F30a04 -- place a work area on a specified executive work queue

F30a05 -- not allocated.

f30a06 -- process spill data following a DCU spill.

F30a07 -- schedule a user's next program.

F30a08 -- initiate a required DCU spill.

F30a09 -- transfer data from the ITE into the user's specified buffer area.

F30a10 -- clear down a DCU and its associated software indicators.

F30a11 -- initiate the specified job on the specified DCU.

F30a12 -- initialize the specified DCU.

F30a13 -- start the I/O device time-out audit on the specified DCU.

F30a14 -- perform interrupt processing common to both ready and error interrupts (i.e., handle response/no job, maintenance abort of a user's job, Maniac reset and ignore, Maniac direct or scheduled reroute, etc.).

F30a15 -- verify that a specified job can be executed on a specified DCU, in view of that DCU's system status..

Such an organization allows the handler to function in a minimum amount of core, while not significantly compromising the real-time objective. In addition to being utilized internally, these subroutines are also utilized by other drum modules (i.e., F29, F40 and F41) in order to satisfy interface requirements and promote core reduction.

As noted previously, every practical attempt is made to segregate call-processing accesses from other access types. Currently the only method available for doing this is to use the user's access mode. Each access to drum is assigned one of several access modes, which identifies access for certain processing characteristics. For call processing, the assigned access mode is zero; unfortunately, many other non-call-processing accesses also utilize this access mode, whose processing requirements may vary radically from those normally attributed to call-processing. Therefore, the user's access mode represents at best a `rule-of-thumb` for routing drum requests into dedicated code paths. Nevertheless, use of this and other techniqes has enabled attainment of the throughput and core reduction goals.

F31 -- figs. 113-113b

1. name

communication Control Register (CCR) Scheduler

2. PURPOSE

In a general sense, the CCR hardware and software is for the purpose of enabling communication between the Data Processing Unit (DPU) and the Marker subsystems (Originating Marker -- OM and Terminating Marker -- TM). In this context, F31 is the initial CCR processor (scheduler) of DPU software programs (clients) that desire to: (a) command the TM hardware for call processing purposes, (b) command and/or interrogate the CCR, OM, or TM, hardware for maintenance purposes.

The CCR, OM, or TM reply to a (F31 client) maintenance interrogation or confirmation/response to a maintenance command is always in the form of data words put in the CCR hardware, this answer data will then be loaded into the F31 client work area. The TM's final "response" to a (F31 client) call processing command, is also in the form of data words put in the CCR hardware and then loaded into the F31 client work area (actually, this "response" is mostly the TM's indication that it has, or has not, completed the conversation path).

On the other hand, one type of communication between the marker and the DPU does not involve a F31 client; this is when the OM sends call processing data to the DPU. This communication is initiated solely by the OM and reaches the DPU without going through a F31 client.

F31, more specifically schedules clients with I/O requests, for entry into the CCR Handler program F32, so that these requests may be carried out. As stated above, these clients can be divided into two general classes: Requests for normal call processing involving the TM, or requests for maintenance upon CCR hardware, the OM, or the TM.

3. functions

module F31 performs the following functions:

a. Checks that client requests are proper and fulfillable.

b. F31X01 classifies clients into one of the three following groups for entry into the CCR Handler program (the clients are actually put into 1 of 5 queues): (1) Maintenance on the CCR frame hardware, (2) Maintenance on the OM, or TM and (3) normal call processing involving the TM. Groups 1 and 2, above, are of a higher priority than group 3.

c. F31X02 allows a quick status snapshot of the CCR frame hardware, for CCR maintenance. In this case the client is branched directly (not scheduled) to the CCR Handler, to obtain the data.

d. During the CCR performance of the client I/O task, the client may, or may not, have control returned (as he requests). When control is not returned to the client, during the performance of the I/O task, then F31 branches to E01X04 so that other DPU work may continue while the I/O task is being performed (the I/O task is like a closed subroutine). After completion of the I/O task, the events described below (item (e) will occur.

e. When F32 (and/or other CCR software) completes the I/O task for a "F31 client," the NPG (next program client requests) is then given control: this NPG is a F31 client parameter (selection), and may be merely a return to the client himself. In the event of an error occurring before completion of the I/O task, the ERP (error program client requests) is given control via E01X01. After the I/O task is completed, then a CCR software program (usually F32 or F31) calls F38 which in turn calls the Executive scheduler E01X01, which schedules the NPG.

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Eps -- (also an output table) Executive Parameter Storage

Esl -- (also an output table) Executive Storage Location

Fat -- ccr address Translation

Fsw -- work Area Size

Fwa -- (also an output table) Executive Interface Work Area

Fwd -- tm sent Information

Hst -- system Status

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

X1 -- work Area Identity

X3 -- entry Line Number

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Eps -- (also an input table) Executive Parameter Storage

Esl -- (also an input table) Executive Storage Location

Fwa -- (also an input table) Executive Interface Work Area

Has -- mcr audit

Swb -- ccr dump Area B

5.1.2 drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

X1 -- work area identity if client of F31X02 requests return

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F31X01 Called by clients wishing to communicate with the markers (OM or TM) by using the CCR; or clients just wishing to communicate with the CCR only F31X02 Called by clients wishing to obtain a quick status dump of the CCR A or CCR B hardware unit. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points E01X04 This exit returns control back to the Executive, so that the usual DPU software programming can continue. Return to Caller When exit E01X04 is not used, then return is always made to the client of F31. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F36X06 Places the status of CCR A or B into table SWB so that the F31X02 client may receive it F02X01 Links the F31 client to one of the five queues for entry into F32X01 F38X01 Used by entry line F31X02, when F31 client does not ask for return F38X01 will schedule the program that this client wants to run (NPG). F38X03 Used by entry line F31X02 and F31X01 to schedule the error program (ERP). F32X01 Initiates the I/O task which is requested by the F31 client. This program is not a usual F31 subroutine in the sense that once initiated by F31, it may start an I/O task for the highest priority F31 client and this task (being I/O) can continue after control is returned to F31. Software processing and this CCR I/O can occur at the same time, unlike the case of two software programs where only one can have control at a time.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

8.1.1 entry f31x01

the first check by F31 is to determine if the client desires: (1) a Marker operation (which, of course, makes use of the CCR to communicate with the marker), or (2) a CCR-only maintenance operation. Checks are then made to ensure that a large enough work area had been asked for by the client (depending on the type of CCR or marker operation): if not, error field FWAEIO is set to 5. In the case of a marker operation, when the client specified marker is not in the present EAX office, error field FWAEI0 is set to 3. In both of the above error situations, F31 will call subroutine F38X03 so that the client specified error program can be scheduled. After F38X03 has scheduled the error program, F31 continues with other client processing. Next, clients are classified into one of hardware queues: queue 0 = CCR maintenance operation; queue 1 = OM or TM maintenance operation; queue 2 = TM non-maintenance operation (pair one); queue 3 = TM non-maintenance (pair 2); queue 4 = TM non-maintenance operation (pair 3). The order of queue priority is as follows: queue 0 is highest; queue 1 is second, queue 2, 3, and 4 are of third order priority. The placing of clients into the above five queues is based on the values set in field FATQNU (for OM's and TM's); except that a TM maintenance operation is put into queue 1 rather than 2, 3, or 4. The decision to place a TM operation into queue 1 (rather than 2, 3, or 4) is based on its being a maintenance (high priority) rather than a call processing (low priority) operation (when field FWAPQT is 1, then the client is a high priority maintenance job, and the TM Client is put into queue 1). A CCR maintenance operation is placed into queue 0 when it is identified as such (by a 1 in field FWAOPT). When an OM operation (queue 1) is to be performed, a check is made to determine if the client has also asked for a high priority request (field FWAPQT set to 1); this high priority request should be made for all maintenance jobs, and an OM operation should be always be a maintenance job for F31 clients. If the high priority request is not made, then error field FWAEIO is set to 4, indicating a client mistake, and subroutine F38X03 is called. For TM operations, as stated above, field FWAPQT may be set to indicate either high or low priority (maintenance or non-maintenance).

After classifying client into one of the above five queues, this queue data is placed in junk storage FJE004, and a bias number is added, FQ036. At this time subroutine F02X01 is called to place the client job into the previously determined queue, for entry into the CCR Handler F32. Next, F32 is momentarily given control to allow it to initiate an I/O task for the highest priority job in its queues, (probably not the current F31 client), F32 may or may not be able to take advantage of this opportunity; if it does then it can initiate the I/O task and then pass control back to F31. Whether or not F32 can initiate an I/O task, control is shortly passed back to F31 (the main purpose of this program step, which occurs during every use of F31, is to allow every opportunity for the initiation of a F32 I/O task-which once initiated can continue on its own, while other processing continues by F31). The next program step by F31 is to return control to the client, if the client has asked for this option (field FWADGT set to 1); this allows the client freedom to perform some other job while F32 is working its way around to performing the client I/O task. When the client does not request control, then: (1) If the client was a non-resident program and he requested this non-resident area held for him, it is held; otherwise it is not held, and (2) Program E01X04 is given control so that other DPU processing may continue.

8.1.2 ENTRY F31X02

This entry line is used by clients wishing to obtain a quick status dump of CCR A or CCR B hardware.

First a check is made to ensure that the work area is large enough; if not, error field FWAEIO is set to 5, and if the client does not ask to be returned to, then the client specified error program is scheduled by F38X03 (this error program may be the client himself). If the client wants to be returned to (field FWADGT = 1), then he is and the error program is not scheduled. In any case (client return or not), the usual end flow of the program is the same: (1) F32 momentarily called to allow initiation of any pending I/O task - this task would not relate to a F31X02 client, (2) F32 release of non-resident area, if appropriate, and (3) calling of E01X04 to allow other DPU processing to continue. Note that other errors during F31X02 follow the same flow (other errors: CCR out of service, FWAEIO = 1; CCX error, FWAEIO = 1).

Assuming no errors, the client requested hardward unit A or B is selected and its status is looked up in core table HST. The status data is loaded into table SWB (by subroutine F36X06) where the client may access it. After this, when the client does not directly ask for a self-return, subroutine F38X01 schedules the NPG (which may also be just a return to the client; if client return is requested, then the NPG is not scheduled. In any case, the final sequence by F31 is the same as for the above error sequence: (1) Calling of F31 to allow any current (but unrelated) I/O task initiation (2) F31 release of nonresident area, if appropariate, and (3) scheduling of E01X04.

8.1.3 input flow

this section lists the type of request that a F31 client may make of the CCR software programs (principally, the CCR scheduler F31 and the CCR Handler F32) and thereby indicates the general functional flow involved in fulfilling these requests. The input which an F31 client must supply can be broken down into three areas: (1) Client input options; covered in a general way, in the description of input parameters (2) Client supplied input data, and (3) General input restrictions for F31 clients, not covered in other input parameter documents.

These three areas are listed below:

a. Client Input Options of Special Importance.

1. P1. The identity of the next program to schedule at the completion of the I/O request (for a F31 client, the I/O task would be completed by F32; for F31X02 client, the task would be completed by F31). This parameter is not needed when the client is finished with his overall job after the completion of the I/O task. This NPG information is stored in field FWANPG. 2. P7: The logical request number which specifies the mode of data transfer to employ. These detailed options, for the F31 client, are listed in document D-3.44.21* appendix A: which covers the pertinent fields of core table FWA, dealing with the control of various I/O devices, (a F31 client would be employing the OM, TM and/or CCR). Some of the most important P7 options are described below, along with the name of the FWA field that relates to the option.

a. Enabling of the ability to specify a particular OM or TM: contained in field FWASMR. Specification of the exact OM or TM is accomplished in table FWD (see paragraph 8.1.3, (a), (2), below).

b. Specification of a particular CCR (CCR A or CCR B): contained in FWACRI and FWASCR.

c. Specification that the transmission be done in prime mode: contained in FWASMP.

d. Specifying CCR data dumps (status and data data) before and after the message is sent to the marker (OM or TM) and also after the message is received back from the marker: contained in FWADMC.

e. The ability to indicate that the client (who is performing maintenance) is using an OM to simulate calls entering the EAX office, and that if a malfunction occurs, maintenance recovery routines should be called: contained in FWAVTS.

f. Specification that should the client requested OM be found to be not on-line, then a standby CPD (control pulse directive) will or will not be issued: contained in FWASOM.

g. Specification of special modes of data transfer and scheduling in marker operations (includes direct commands to the markers): contained in FWACDR.

h. Specification of special modes of data transfer and scheduling in CCR operation, a 0 or 1 in this field specifies a marker or a CCR operation: contained in FWAOPT.

Note: when unload-CCR-status-word is specified, (an option of a F31X02 client) and return to client (FWADGT = 1) is also requested, the scheduling of the NPG is not performed by F31.

i. Client can specify timer size he wants in field FWATMS. If the client asks for timer size 5, and also requests FWACDR = 2 or 4, then he has also specified a Schedule on Idle. This means that when the marker is idle, the program will know that the client job is completed; this is faster than the usual timeout method of knowing that the client job is completed.

3. P8: The program type, which specifies the type of action to be taken concerning return of control, scheduling of other programs, release of work area, and control of the non-resident area (see Document D-3.44.21*, appendix B, which describes the pertinent field FWAPGT).

4. P9: The priority queue type, which specifies the type of queue to link the client request to, for entry to F32.

b. Client Supplied Input Data

1. When a F31 client is using a TM for either call processing or maintenance purposes, he may also supply Register Junctor Identity (RJI) date (put into field FWARJI) and Register Sender Instruction data (put into field FWARIN); note that when FWARIN is set to 0, F31 will not act on this field: that is, the field will not be sent to the Register Sender for translation (as in OM maintenance). In the case of TM maintenance the client may employ field FWAVTS (when he is simulating a normal call entering the EAX office) so that in the event of an error, Maintenance recovery routines will be employed - rather that call processing recovery routines. 2. When the client wishes to send maintenance data to the OM, or TM, or to send call processing data to the TM, he must employ core table FWD words 00 through 03, among other options, this table allows selection of a particular OM or TM (the client must have employed field FWASMR so that table FWD can be used to specify an exact OM or TM, see paragraph 8.1.3, (a); (2), a. This four-word area of table FWD is set up to match the input format of the markers: the first two data words for OM request; and all four data words for TM requests.

c. General Restrictions to clients of F31.

1. F31 must be called from base level, it cannot be entered in the interrupt mode.

2. Depending on the nature of the client requests, a large-enough work area must be asked for by the client to hold all pertinent data. The minimum size requirements for all clients are listed below:

a. All clients using entry line F31X02 must have a minimum of a 28-word area.

b. F31X01 client: If CCR status dumps are requested (FWADMC = 1), or if a CCR operation is requested (FWAOPT = 1) with a CCR-to-CCR transfer (FWACDR = 6 or 7), then a minimum of a 40-word work area is required.

c. F31X01 client: When a CCR status dump is not requested (FWADMC = 0) and a CCR operation is requested (FWAOPT = 1), other than a CCR-to-CCR transfer (FWACDR = 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5: for a non CCR-to-CCR transfer), then a minimum of a 28-word work area is required.

d. F31X01 client: When a CCR status dump is not requested (FWADMC = 0), and any marker operation is requested (FWAOPT = 0), then a minimum of a 20-word work area is required.

3. All F31 clients, other than TM call processing requests, should be marked as high priority (FWAPQT = 1). In the event a OM request is not marked high priority, F31 will give an error return because an F31 client should only be making a maintenance request regarding an OM.

4. If the client is non-resident (non-core-resident) and his error program (P3) is scheduled, he will not be allowed to remain in control of the non-resident area, even if he has asked to be. If the error program is non-resident, it must be read from the drum.

8.1.4 OUTPUT FLOW

The following description lists the type of output that an F31 client receives back from the CCR software programs (principally the F32 and F31 programs) and thereby indicated the general functional flow involved in fulfilling the F31 client request. Types of outputs that an F31 client receives are:

1. Error outputs, principally from F31 and F32,

2. data outputs from F32, and

3. "Indirect" outputs from F31.

These three areas are listed below:

a. Error outputs to F31 clients are contained in field FWAEIO (program F31 and F32 send the majority of these error outputs). Error outputs coming from F31 only, back to client, are: field FWAEIO = 1, 3, 4, or 5.

Another type of error output, actually a special maintenance data output to F31 clients, is contained in an overlay of the FWAEIO field: Maintenance data field FWAMDA (consists of bits MD1 through MD5) and bit FID.

When bit FID IS 1, field FWAMDA is being presented, rather than field EIO, and the five bits that comprise it must be interpreted as individual bits, rather than one binary number. Specifically, bit FID is 1 when a maintenance request is being processed (an F31 client from queue 0 or 1) and field MDA is interpreted as follows (depending on the exact type of maintenance being performed by the F31 client and the options he selects):

(1) Field FWAMDA (bits MD1 through MD5) Definition for given F31 Clients in Queue 1. a. OM maintenance client using FWACDR=1 option (SR data) No-error is usually indicated by this ______________________________________ output Bit MD1 1=CPD (control pulse directive sent out 1 from CCR. Bit MD2 1=Data received from marker 1 Bit MD3 1=Marker malfunction 0 Bit MD4 A 1 is inappropriate * 0 Bit MD5 A 1 is inappropriate 0 *"Inappropriate" means that a 1 occurring under these conditions indicate some unknown problem (for bit MD4 it is probably a sign of marker error).

b. OM maintenance client using FWACDR=2 option (schedule on fault or timeout): No-error is usually indicated by this ______________________________________ output: Bit MD1 1=Data sent out from CCR 1 Bit MD2 1=Data received from marker 1 Bit MD3 1=Marker malfunction 0 Bit MD4 When marker is on-line 1, if marker is on-line. 1=standby interrupt rec'd from marker 0, if marker is off-line. When marker is off-line a 1 is inappropriate Bit MD5 If client takes option,** 1, if either option 1=status dump provided by is taken. CCR. If client takes option** 1=marker idle (indicating job final) 0, if no option taken. If option not taken a 1 is inappropriate **FWADMC=1 for status dumps, timer size 5 and FWACDR=2 or 4 for marker idle

c. OM maintenance client using FWACDR=3 option (schedule on No-error is usually indicated by this ______________________________________ output: Bit MD1 1=Data sent out from CCR 1 Bit MD2 1=Data received from marker 1 Bit MD3 1=marker malfunction 0 Bit MD4 When marker is on-line 1, if marker is on-line 1=standby interrupt rec'd from marker 0, if marker is off-line. When marker is off-line a 1 is inappropriate. Bit MD5 If client takes option, 1, if option is taken. 1=status dump provided by CCR 0, if no option is taken. If option not taken, a 1 is inappropriate. d. OM maintenance client using FWACDR=4 option (simulate No-error is usually indicated by this ______________________________________ output: Bit MD1 1=Data sent out from CCR. 1 Bit MD2 1=Data received from marker 1 Bit MD3 1=marker malfunction 0 Bit MD4 When marker is on-line, 1, if marker is on-line 1=standby interrupt rec'd from marker. 0, if marker is off-line. When marker is off-line, a 1 is inappropriate. Bit MD5 If client takes option, 1=status dump provided by 1, if option is taken. 0, if no option is taken. If client takes option, 1=Marker idle (indicating job finished). If no option taken, a 1 is inappropriate. e. OM maintenance client using FWACDR=5 option (reset CPD). No-error is usally indicated by the following output: ______________________________________ Bit MD1 1=CPD sent out from CCR 1 Bit MD2 A 1 is inappropriate 0 Bit MD3 1=Marker malfunction. 0 Bit MD4 A 1 is inappropriate 0 Bit MD5 A 2 is inappropriate 0 f. TM maintenance client using FWACDR=1 option (SR data): No-error is usually indicated by the following output: ______________________________________ Bit MD1 1=CPD sent out from CCR. 1 Bit MD2 1=Data received from marker 1 Bit MD3 1=Marker malfunction. 0 Bit MD4 A 1 is inappropriate. 0 Bit MD5 A 1 is inappropriate. 0 g. TM maintenance client using FWACDR=2 option (schedule on fault or timeout): No-error is usually indicated by the following output: ______________________________________ Bit MD1 1=Data sent out from CCR. 1 Bit MD2 1=Data received from marker. 1 Bit MD3 1=Marker malfunction. 0 Bit MD4 A 1 is inappropriate 0 Bit MD5 If client takes option, 1=status dump provided by 1, if option is taken. 0, if option is not taken If option not taken, a 1 is inappropriate. h. TM maintenance client using FWACDR=3 option (schedule on No-error is usually indicated by the following output: ______________________________________ Bit MD1 1=Data sent out from CCR. 1 Bit MD2 1=Data received from marker. 1 Bit MD3 1=Marker malfunction. 0 Bit MD4 A 1 is inappropriate 0 Bit MD5 If client takes option, 1=status dump provided by 1, if option is taken. If option not taken, a 1 is inappropriate. i. TM maintenance client using FWACDR=5 option (reset CPD): No-error is usually indicated by the following output: ______________________________________ Bit MD1 1=CPD sent out from CCR. 1 Bit MD2 A 1 is inappropriate. 0 Bit MD3 1=Marker malfunction. 0 Bit MD4 A 1 is inappropriate. 0 Bit MD5 If client takes option, 1=status dump provided by 1, if option is taken. 0, if option is not taken. If option is not taken, a 1 is inappropriate. (2) Field FWAMDA (bits MD1 through MD5) Definition for an F31 client in Queue 0. CCR maintenance client employing CCR to CCR transfer (FWAOPT=1, and FWACDR=6 or 7): No-error is indicated by the following ______________________________________ output: Bit MD1:1=Data transmission initiated from CCR (to other 1CR). Bit MD2:1=Receiving CCR received data successfully. 1 Bit MD3:1=Receiving CCR did not get data successfully, but status dumps still provided. 0 Bit MD4:1=Data not successfully sent out from CCR (to other CCR), but status dumps still provided. 0 Bit MD5:1=Data successfully sent out from CCR (to other 1CR).

b. Data output concerning TM call processing, and OM, TM, or CCR maintenance requests are contained in table FWC words 00 through 03. As in the case of input table FWD, output table FWC is set up to match the output format of the markers: two data words for OM outputs and four data words for TM outputs.

The other major output data is contained in words 00 through 03 of tables SWA, SWB, SWC, SWD and SWE. This information is data concerning certain CCR maintenance operations (this includes all CCR status dumps). Output data from the OM maintenance operations concerning a F31 client (performing maintenance) that is simulating a normal OM call processing request, is contained in the following fields: (1) FWARJI, which contains the RJ identity, and (2) FWACHT, which contains the call history table address.

c. Indirect outputs from F31 are changes in certain work area fields that F31 makes during the course of processing a client. These changes are not usually thought of as outputs but the changed field can be made use of by F31 clients, if desired. The following fields may be altered F31 clients: FWANPG, FWAELN, FWAPRI, FWAFEP, FWAFEL, and FWAFPR, and FWAFPR.

8.2 technique

not applicable.

F32a -- figs. 114-114h

1. name

f32a -- ccr i/o initiation handler

2. purpose

the purpose of F32A is to centralize control of hardware, to perform operations necessary to prepare the markers and CCR for operation and initiate data transfers between the CPU and the CCR and between the CCR and the marker.

3. FUNCTION

A. determine if the on line active CCR is available for output.

B. determine if an reconfiguration of the CCR's is required and, if so, call F36X08 -- CCR Reconfiguration Subroutine.

C. determine if a request for I/O is queued for an idle device.

D. unqueue the request.

E. initiate the request (which may involve interlocking between a register junctor and a terminating marker.

F. interface with CCX recovery to detect and isolate faults in CPU-CCX-CCR path.

G. return to the calling program.

H. f32x05 is provided to enable retries of transmission a terminating marker by F37-CCR Error and Recovery.

I. f32x07 is a closed subroutine whose function is to attempt to place a specified CCR MOS request CCR Isolation on the CCR, and set a unit maniac just ignore on the device. It then will call F36X08 to achieve reconfiguration and return caller.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 Core Tables

Els--exec. storage Location Table

Fat--ccr add trans. Table

Fcc--om-rj identity

Fhp--hitching Post Table

Ers--register Save Table

Fjp--interrupt Level Junk

Fq0-- --

fra--queue Root Table

Fwa--exec. interface Work Area

Fwb--cp reg/SNOR Memory Image

Fwd--tm sent Information

Hcd--diacon config. Table.

Hcx--ccx parity Error Flag

Hel--i/o abort Entry Line

Hpp-- --

hst--system Status Table

Spe-- --

sta-- --

swb--ccr dump Area B

4.1.2 drum Table

None

4.1.3 Registers

None

4.2 HARDWARE

None

Entry Points

F32x.phi.1 -- scan I/O Queues

F32x.phi.5

ersked

speccr

loadcr

status

chkcpd

start

f32x07 -- set CCR MOS, Calls DIACON, set MANIAC to just ignore and reconfig. CCR's

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 Core Tables

Fcc -- om-rj identity

Fwa -- exec. interface Work Area

Fwb -- cp reg/SNOR Memory Image

Hak -- system Clear

Swb -- ccr dump Area B

Swd -- ccr dump Area D

5.1.2 drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

None

5.2 Hardware

None

6. Controls

6.1 Entry Points

F32x01 -- scan I/O Queue

F32x.phi.5

f32x.phi.7 -- set CCR MOS, CALL DIACON, Set Maniac to just ignore, and reconfigure CCR's

6.2 Exit Points

Return is made to client.

7. Subroutines Used

E01x03 -- dpu scheduler

E02x01 -- 1 cap level 1 (Start Interval Timer)

F01x01 -- rs scan interlock

F02x01 -- link to mkr maint. queue

f03x01 -- unlink work area from i/o queue

f04x01 -- work Area Assignment

F02x03 -- link work area back to I/O QUEUE

F34x01 -- cr handler 2

F36x08 -- ccr reconfiguration: CR Subroutine 1

F38x04 -- abort I/O TASK: CR Subroutine 2

F38x.phi.3 -- schedule ERROR Program

L01x04 -- mainf interrupt access

l20x01 -- elt, diarot, diabrt

l50x02 -- set Unit Maniacs

S31x03 -- channel Multiplex Recovery

S31x01 -- clock CCX Errors

8. NARRATIVE

8.1.1 discussion

when a call is received by F32X.phi.1, the standard status word of the online active CCR is dumped by F36X.phi.6. If the CCR is idle and scanning, a check for a reconfiguration request is made. If the CCR is not idle and scanning the time out audit bit is set and the system returns to the calling program. When reconfiguration is required, it is accomplished by F36X.phi.8. Then a check is made for a line transmission request by the Marker Fault Interrupt Processor (52), if so the Maniac is set to reset and ignore. Checks are now made for CCR requests, marker maintenances requests, and termination requests (in that order). If none of these are requested, the system is returned to the calling program.

Diagnostic Requests

In the event that the CCR queue are not empty (CCR request A CCR-CCR transfer is tried. If successful F36X.phi.5 provides a sink for CCR status dump in SWD and sets up the CCR's. F36X.phi.6 then provides a source status dump in SWB. Four data words are loaded and sent to the other CCR and the system returns to the calling program. If the CCR transfer was unsuccessful, the status words are dumped into SWB and the data words are dumped into FWC. F38X.phi.1 then schedules the next program and the CCR request is checked again.

If there is a marker maintenance request, a marker is selected to be tested. In the case where there are no markers available, the check for a marker maintenance request is made again. When there is a marker available, a check for a CPD request is made. In the case of a CPD request, the CPD is sent. Then the check for the termination request is made and the system returns to the calling program. When there is no CPD request, a check is made to determine if this is an OM or TM request. If a status dump in SWB is requested, it is accomplished by F36X.phi.6. If this is a OM request, two words are loaded and sent to the OM and the system returns to the calling program. If this a TM request, a check is made to see if RJ interlock is required. If there is trouble with the interlock, EIO is set to 7 and the marker maintenance request is check again. If there is no trouble, four data words are loaded and sent to the TM and the system returns to the calling program.

If there is a termination request, a check is made to see if the TM is idle. If not idle, the termination request is check again. When idle, a TM is picked and checked for its availability. If not available, the termination request is checked again. If available an RJ interlock is executed if it is required. If there is trouble in the RJ interlock, EIO is set to 7, F38X.phi.3 schedules error program, and the termination request is check again. If there is no trouble, four data words are loaded into the CCR and sent to the TM. Now the system returns to the calling program.

F32b -- figs. 114i-114n

1. name

f32b-ccr ready interrupt processor

2. purpose

module F32B is provided to handle all ready interrupts generated by the CCR hardware.

3. FUNCTION

A. provides maniac functions reroute and reset and ignore.

B. handles originations, including performing RJ translation, interlocking RJ with originating marker, and scheduling C.phi.1 with the call history table for the RJ selected by the OM.

C. completes termination attempts by putting 4 data words from terminating marker in users work area and scheduling his next program.

D. provides handling for diagnostic requests, including data words, status dumps options and scheduling options.

E. calls F32X01 to attempt to initiate next I/O request.

F. return to ICAP.

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 Core Tables

Chq -- program generated INDEX

Fcc -- om-rj identity

Fhp -- hitching Post Table

Fwa -- exec. interface Work Area

Fwc -- tm received information

Hab -- 6 bit error count B Table

Has -- mcr audit Table

Hcd -- diacon configuration table

Hcs -- cxx parity error flag

Hmd -- marker Matrix Comb Table

Hmn -- maniac Condition Table

Ncw -- update control word

Swa -- ccr dump Area A

Swb -- ccr dump Area B

Swc -- ccr dump Area C

Swe -- ccr dump Area E

4.1.2 drum Table

None

4.1.3 Registers

None

4.2 Hardware

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 Core Tables

Cha -- scheduling Information

Chc -- om data frame record

Chq -- program generated index

Fjp -- interrupt Level Junk

Fom -- ccr handler Control

Fwa -- exec. Interface Work Area

Fwc -- tm received information

Hel -- i/o abort entry lines

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

None

5.2 Hardware

None

6. Controls

6.1 Entry Points

F32x.phi.2

6.2 exit Points

Return is made to ICAP

7. subroutines Used

c.phi.X.phi.1 -- Class of service initialization

E.phi.1x.phi.1 -- schedule F.phi.7X06 to Output

(DPU Scheduler)

F.phi.4x.phi.1 -- work Area Assignment

F.phi.7x.phi.6 -- schedule Pre out

F.phi.2x.phi.1 -- link to CPU Queue

Schedule C.phi.1X.phi.1 with CHT as Work Area

F.phi.2x.phi.3 -- link WA back to I/O Queue

F14x.phi.1 -- call History Table Address Calculation

F32x.phi.1 -- scan I/O Queue

F32x.phi.3 -- return to ICAP

F33x.phi.1 -- rj translation

F36x.phi.2 -- handles Reroute

F36x.phi.6 -- cr subroutine: Dump Data into FWC and

Status into SWE

F38x.phi.1 -- schedule Next Program

F38x.phi.3 -- schedule Error Program

F38x.phi.4 -- abort I/O Operation

K.phi.5x.phi.1 -- om-cfs recognition Test

L20x.phi.5 -- elt, diarot, diabrt

l.phi.9 -- --

s31x.phi.1 -- check CCX Errors

8.1 DISCUSSION

This module handles data transmissions from CCR and markers to the computer central processor. The first case to be treated here will be a call processing origination. F32X.phi.3 is entered by the interrupt cause and analysis program for a CCR ready interrupt. F32B checks to see whether any MANIAC conditions exist on the ready interrupt. The I/O time-out audit is reset for the particular ready interrupt. The standard status word and data words .phi. and 1 are gathered. At this point originations are separated from terminations. The CSO field is interrogated to determine if any blockage was indicated.

Next, the register junctor identity is translated from the marker data words. Then the call history table address associated with the call is calculated. The register sender memory is instructed and call history table initialized. Marker malfunction interrupts are checked for any MANIAC's. And C.phi.1 (the first call processing module) is scheduled with the call history table used as a work area.

The queues are scanned for any other jobs, if one is found it is initiated if not control is returned to Interrupt Cause and Analysis.

The second case is data sent from a Terminating marker to the computer central processor for a termination. Four terminating marker data words are unloaded from the CCR. The section field of the TM frame word is altered to correspond with the frame word passed by call processing. Call processing's next program is scheduled and the queues are scanned for another job to initiate. Afterwhich control is returned to Interrupt Cause and Analysis program.

The third case is that of the diagnostic access. The options for these accesses are:

1. Schedule upon ready

2. Schedule upon interval timer expiration

3. Reset the marker

4. Send shift register data

After retrieving the standard status word a check is made to determine whether diagnostic was an originating marker, a terminating marker or a CCR diagnostic. For a TM or a CCR diagnostic a status dump is performed.

For marker diagnostics the shift register data access will abort the job, schedule the next program and scan the queues.

For a fault or timeout with schedule on idle option the originating marker in question will be reset and the queues will be scanned.

For test calls an indicator will be set and RJ translation will be done and call history table address will be calculated except that C.phi.1 will not be scheduled because this is not a real origination.

Status dump may be taken if the access indicates. The CCR hardware is cleared down and reset for further use.

F-33--figs. 115-115a

1. name

f33 -- register Junctor Translation Program Module

2. PURPOSE

This module translates an Originating Marker communication frame, containing a line matrix R-Unit Outlet identity (LRO) or a trunk register B-Unit outlet identity (TBO), into the identity of the connecting Register Junctor (RJ number and Register Sender secton number). This allows completion of the path from the inlet into the Register Sender.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module F33 performs the following functions:

a. Determines if the LRO or TBO identity input is within the range of equipped units and is a valid unit.

b. Looks up, in the RJ translation tables, the local RJ or an incoming trunk RJ that is valid and connects to the client-specified LRO or TBO.

c. Returns to the program that requested the translation with the local RJ or incoming RJ identity (this identity includes the Register Sender section containing the RJ).

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fap -- pointer to Absolute Matrix Table.

Fer -- error Constant Register Junctor Translation Table

Flb -- pointer-to-Line Register Junctors for Office Section 2 Table

Flr -- line Register Junctor Table

Fsa -- absolute Matrix For Subsection 1 Table

Fsb -- absolute Matrix for Subsection 2 Table

Fsc -- absolute Matrix for Subsection 3 Table

Fsp -- pointer-to-Section Tables for Register Junctor Table.

Fta -- pointer-to-Trunk Register Junctor for Office Section 1 Table

Ftb -- pointer-to-Trunk Register Junctor for Office Section 2 Table

Ftr -- trunk Register Junctor Table

Fts -- pointer for Trunk Register Junctor for Selector Section Table.

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

X1 -- work area identity (optional).

Ra -- originating Marker Data Frame word 0.

Rq -- originating Marker data frame word 1.

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

X2 -- trouble indicator.

Ra -- rj identity

Rq -- indicates incoming RJ or local RJ.

5.2 hardware

none

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F33X01 This entry point is called via the PGLINK macro to obtain RJ translation as a closed subroutine.

6.2 EXIT POINTS

Return is made to client.

7. SUBROUTINES USED

None.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

the general method used to determine the appropriate local RJ (LRJ) or incoming RJ (IRJ) output is briefly described here. A lookup in Table FLR (containing LRJ's) or Table FTR (containing IRJ's) is made to find the RJ indexed by the input LRO or TBO. In this lookup process, two levels of indexing are used, first X1 for the section, then X2 for the matrix, to obtain a pointer to a block of 10 or 20 words in Table FLR or FTR. This block corresponds to a certain value for SEC, SBS, and MTX. The precise location of the desired RJ identity within the block is pointed to by the value of the RUO (local RJ) or BUN and BUO (incoming RJ). Thus, the complete definition of LRO or TBO identity points to the desired RJ identity.

In order to establish the final link of the path from the line group to the local RJ or from the trunk register group to the incoming RJ, it is necessary to identify the one unique RJ that connects to the specific RUO (for the trunk register group path), or to the specific BUO (for the trunk register group path). Therefore, when F33 is entered with part of an Originating Marker data frame (data words 1 and 0), containing the identity of an LRO or a TBO, F33 determines (translates) the identity of the RJ related to his LRO or TBO.

The complete identity for an LRO consists of the following fields in an Originating Marker data frame: Section (SEC), Subsection (SBS), Line Matrix Number (MTX), B-Unit Outlet (BUO), and R-Unit Outlet (RUO). The TBO consists of the following fields: Section, Subsection, Trunk Register Matrix (MTX), B-Unit Outlet, and B-UNit (BUN). The input to F33 also includes the AB group number. When the value of the AB group is 1 through 5, then the input is an LRO.

F33 returns the RJ identity to the client in the form of the RJ identity field of Table FWA.

Specifically, the output consists of an RJ number (0 through 191), and a Register Sender Section number (0 or 1): all RJ's are within RS section 0 or 1.

When the entry is an LRO, the RJ number identity is located by a lookup in Table FLR. This table contains a listing for all local (non-trunk serving) RJ's, and the location of the LRO identity within Table FLR specifies a particular RJ.

The general block of 10 or 20 words within Table FLR specifies the section, subsection, and matrix of the LRO which connects to a given RJ. The same RJ number is at more than one location within the same data block, because the RJ is connected to more than one R-Unit. Additionally, the RJ number may be located within several different data blocks, when the RJ is connected to more than one matrix. (In the case of the incoming trunk RJ, the connection will be to subsections and matrices.) Of course, only one RJ matches a given LRO entry.

The RJ number identity contained in Table FLR also has a validity bit indicating the useability of the particular RJ and LRO; when the validity bit indicates unuseability, or when the RJ is not found or is out of range. Register X2 equals 1, thereby indicating general trouble.

A similar procedure is followed by TBO's, which connect to incoming RJ's, as with LRO's, which connect to local RJ's, except that the IRJ identities are contained in Table FTR. In addition, when the given TBO is located in an EAX Selector Section, rather than Office Section, then an additional decoding process must be performed using Table FAP to determine the altered matrix identity associated with the TBO input.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

None.

Input to FIG. 115

Ra = data word .phi.

rq - data word 1

output:

xr1 is saved

xr2 = trouble indicator

0 = no error

1 = error

ra = rj identity

rq = fwbirj bit

notes:

1. bun is used for trunk register mtx and ruo for line mtx.

2. at this point, we verify actual values for sec, sbs,mtx.

3. at this point, we verify actual values for ruo(bun) and buo.

f34 -- figs. 116-116a

1. name

f34 -- standby Interrupt and Timer Expiration Handler

2. PURPOSE

The purpose of module F34 is to properly handle Originating Marker standby interrupts and to provide an entry line used (entered) when a timer expiration occurs during a diagnostic request.

3. FUNCTIONS

Module F34 performs the following functions:

a. OM Standby Interrupt Handler -- F34X03

1. provides Reset and Ignore and Reroute MANIAC handling for standby interrupt sense lines.

2. Resets interrupting marker's sense line.

3. Sets indicator for F32A that OM is ready for transmission (FCCOMT).

4. calls F32X01 to scan I/O request queues.

5. Enables Schedule on Idle option for CCR users (F31 clients).

6. Returns to ICAP.

b. Timer Expiration Handler -- F34X01

1. terminates I/O request and schedules CCR user's next program.

2. Hitches special timer work area (FIX) to special hitching post (FHPA22).

3. provides status and data dumps of source and/or sink CCR's, if not provided previously, for CCR to CCR transfer requests.

4. Calls F32X01 to scan I/O request queues (containing F31 clients).

c. Marker-Malfunction Cleanup Subroutine, F34X05.

1. terminates I/O request and schedules CCR user's next program.

2. Calls F32X01 to scan I/O request queues.

3. Returns to calling program.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Esl -- executive Storage Location

Fcc -- crr control Table.

Fhp -- hitching Post.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

X1 -- Work Area Address (F34X01).

4.2 hardware

none

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Esl -- executive Storage Location

Fcc -- ccr control Table

Fhp -- hitching Post

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area

Fwc -- tm received Information

Swa -- ccr dump Area A

Swc -- ccr dump Area C.

Swe -- ccr dump Area E

5.1.2 drum Tables

None.

5.1.3 Registers

None.

5.2 HARDWARE

None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F34X01 Timer Expiration. F34X03 Standby Interrupt F34X05 Marker Malfunction Cleanup. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points None Return to user. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F36X03 Program Name (F36): CCR I/O F36X08 Handler Subroutines No. 1 F36X06 None F32X01 Program Name (F32A): CCR I/O Initiation Handler. F38X03 Program Name (F38): CCR I/O. F38X0; Handler Subroutines No. 2 L20A DIARQT -- Request Acceptor.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

8.1.1 f34x03 -- om standby Interrupt Handler

After checking MANIAC function and finding none set, F34X03 checks to see if a maintenance request F31 client is expecting this interrupt. If no request is in progress, a request to DIACON is made for maintenance routining of the marker. If a request is in progress, the sense line is reset and a check is made to see if transmission has been initiated. If not, FCCOMT is set indicating the OM is ready for transmission and F32X01 is called to attempt initiation of the transmission. If the transmission has been initiated, a check is made to see if the user (F31 client) requested scheduling or idle. If so, field FWAMD5 is set indicating that marker went idle and the user's next program is scheduled. Then F32X01 is called to scan I/O queues.

Finally control is returned to ICAP.

8.1.2 f34x01 -- timer Expiration Handler.

First, the special work area, table FIX, is hitched to the special work area, hitching post FHPA22. Then the current I/O request is terminated via a call to F36X03. A check is made to see if the request was a CCR to CCR transfer. If so, the I/O Audit bits are reset for both CCR's and a check is made to see if status and data dumps were provided for the sending CCR (FWAMD5) and the receiving CCR (FWAMD2). If either bit is reset, a status and data dump is provided and bits FWAMD4 and FWAMD3 will both be set, thus indicating that the dumps have been provided. The CCR's are then restored to their original scan state.

The CCR's are then restored to their original scan state.

8.1.3 F34X05 -- Marker-Maintenance-Cleanup Subroutine

The operation is the same as for F34X01, except that the special work area is not received input and therefore the work area is not hitched.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Not Applicable.

F35 -- figs. 117 - 117h

f35a

1. name: manipulator Request Analysis Routine

2. PURPOSE: This module performs a routine preliminary analysis and routing of all requests for drum I/O.

3. functions:

a. Provides interlock for proper control of the nonresident area.

b. Determines the type of access being requested.

c. Performs necessary routing of request for additional processing, if required.

d. Properly formats the work area and calls the drum scheduler for non-resident accesses.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Eps -- executive Parameter Storage

Fan -- access Number Table

Ftd -- table Directory

4.1.2 Drum Tables

Fcb -- control Buffer Table

4.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- address of User's Work Area

Xr2 -- user's Access Number

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- work Area

Fje -- executive Junk Storage

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

Xr2 -- index to Table Director (FTD)

5.2 hardware

none

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F35X01 Access point whereby a user requests drum input/output. F35A02 Return from module F35P, when access number is less than 25 but not a request predefined for fast access processing. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points F29X01 Drum Scheduler -- Called when access is determined to be non-restricted. F35P01 Fast Access Formatter -- Called when access number is less than 25, for determination of fast-access requirement and associated processing. F35B01 Parameter Collection Routine -- Called for restricted accesses.

7. SUBROUTINES USED

None

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

all user access to the drum must be carried out via the Manipulator. When an access request is first accepted from the user, a certain amount of common processing is necessary to properly control system interlock functions and determine the exact nature of the request so that it can be channeled through required and appropriate processing.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Requests entering the Manipulator fall into two general categories:

a. Requests from drum resident programs.

b. Requests from core resident programs.

In processing requests from drum resident programs, care must be taken such that the non-resident area is properly controlled. For this purpose, a special interface is provided between the Manipulator and the Drum Scheduler/Handler. This will be further clarified later.

For either drum or core resident requests, however, a determination must be made as to the specific nature of the user's request; this is accomplished by use of the user's access number. These access numbers uniquely identify each request and are predefined by the user and the Manipulator. These access numbers divide user's into the following categories:

1. Core resident requests

a. qualifying for fast access

b. qualifying for general access

c. non-restricted

2. Drum resident requests

a. requiring control table access

b. non-restricted

All core resident accesses qualifying for fast access have access numbers less than or equal to 25. The term "fast access" merely means that a dedicated code path exists for each request so designated (note: not all requests with access numbers less than 25 qualify for fast access processing). Requests which do not qualify for fast access processing are channeled into a generalized, less efficient processing path.

Whereas the control information for core resident requests is itself core resident, the control information for drum resident requests is drum resident. Therefore, drum resident requests which require control information will require the reading of the necessary table from drum before the access can be completed. The Manipulator recognizes such requests, and will automatically initiate the reading of the necessary control table as a preliminary to processing the request. A second possibility is that the requestor may provide all information necessary to properly access the specified drum data; therefore, no control table is required, and the Manipulator will forward the request on to the Drum Scheduler, with only minimal processing. Such requests are termed "non-restricted." It should be noted that non-restricted accesses are not limited to drum resident programs; such accesses may be utilized by core resident programs as well.

As noted previously, control of the non-resident area is an important factor where the requestor is drum resident. For example, the requestor may wish to release the non-resisdent area as a function of requesting drum I/O. However, the Manipulator is structured such that it can not concurrently process several requests requiring access to its drum-resident control tables. Therefore, to prevent the initiation of other requests, the Manipulator will specify (via the special interface alluded to previously) that the non-resident area is to be held during the access of its control tables. When the control tables have been brought in and the Manipulator, using the information contained therein, makes the actual data access to drum as requested by the user, the non-resident area is released. Such a mechanism prevents attempted multiprocessing of drum resident requests.

F35b

1. name: manipulator Parameter Collection Routine

2. PURPOSE: This module collects various fields supplied by a requestor of drum I/O and formats them into one or more key parameters to be used in making the requested drum access.

3. FUNCTIONS:

a. Extracts parameters from either the call history table or work area, as specified by the requestor.

b. Scales each parameter, if required, by a predefined scale factor.

c. Range checks each parameter, if required, against a predefined maximum value.

d. Compresses parameters, if required, according to a predefined number base.

e. Formats collected parameters into one or more predefined key words.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Cht -- user's History Table

Ftd -- table Directory

Fpc -- parameter Collection Table

4.1.2 Drum Tables

Fcb -- control Buffer Table

4.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

Xr2 -- table Directory Index

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fje -- executive Junk Storage

Fwa -- user's Work Area

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

Xr2 -- parameter Collection Table Index

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points F35N02 Error Scheduling Routine -- Called if a parameter fails a required range check. F35C01 Common Functions Routine -- This is the normal exit and is called at the conclusion of parameter collection.

7. SUBROUTINES USED

None

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

one of the principal functions of the Manipulator is to provide an interface between the user and the system data base, such that changes in the data base structure need not be the concern of the user. This objective is accomplished by the user providing those parameters necessary to access a given drum table, not necessarily in this format required for the actual access. The Manipulator, using tables which describe the data base structure, then formats these parameters as required to properly access the specified data.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Basically, the parameters which are passed by the user go to make up the search key used to access the required table. But the Manipulator must first format these various parameter fields into a search key corresponding to the particular table structure.

Associated with each such access is an entry in table FPC, the parameter collection table. This table entry in essence describes;

1. parameter fields supplied by the user.

2. the composition of key words (e.g., a search key) which are to be derived from these parameters fields.

3. special utility functions (e.g., range checking, scaling, etc.) to be performed on specified parameter fields.

The Manipulator will accept input parameters from either the user's work area or call history table, as specified. The control information for each parameter specifies the position in the user's buffer in which the parameter is located, its maximum permissible value, a scale factor (if required), the position which the parameter is to occupy in the key word being constructed, and other factors. Using this control information, the Manipulator removes a specified parameter from the user's buffer and performs any requested utility functions (such as scaling or range checking). The parameter is then merged into its appropriate position in the key word under construction.

The end result of collecting several such parameters will be the required keywords for the drum access. Generally, only one keyword, the search key, need be constructed. However, some accesses require construction of additional key words such as the number of words contained in each cell of the table being accessed, or an index value into a portal of the table.

F35c

1. name: manipulator Common Functions Routine

2. PURPOSE: This module performs functions common to all drum accesses; i.e., certain parameters common to many access types are generated here in preparation for the drum access.

3. FUNCTIONS

a. Generates following parameters:

1. DCU instruction word.

2. Number spill words required.

3. Data mask index.

4. Drum address (i.e., DCU pair, segment, and physical address).

5. Read/Write indicator.

b. Determines, via a predefined algorithm, the portal number to be accessed, using user-supplied parameters.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Ftd -- table Directory

Fpd -- portal Description Table

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

Xr2 -- tables Directory Index

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Fje -- executive Junk Storage

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

Xr2 -- table Directory Index

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F35C01 from F35B following parameter collection. F35C02 Entered as return from F35M. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points F35D01 Single Level Counter Search Routine -- Called to perform final processing unique to counter -- start (block) accesses. F35E01 Single Level Associative Search Routine -- Called to perform final processing unique to associative search accesses. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F35M Portal Number Calculator -- This module is called to calculate the portal number; each entry line corresponds to a specific algorithm unique to certain accesses for which this calculation is required.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

all accesses to drum must specify certain common parameters which are not unique to any given access. An example of such a parameter would be the DCU instruction word, required to instruct the hardware as to what type of search is being requested. These parameters may be predefined in some cases; in others, dynamic calculations are required to determine them.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Parameters which may be predefined at assembly time are coded into the FTD (table directory) and FPD (portal description) entry for each specific access. At run time, these parameters are retrieved from FTD and FPD and placed in a temporary buffer area.

The portal number may be supplied by the user, in which case Manip performs no calculation. However, generally, the portal number is determined by parameters unique to a given call being processed thru the system. In such cases, Manip will execute a predefined algorithm, utilizing these call-dependant parameters, to arrive at the appropriate portal numbers for the table being accessed.

F35d

1. name: manipulator Single Level Counter Search Routine

2. PURPOSE: The purpose of this module is to perform routine initialization of those parameters unique to counter start drum accesses.

3. FUNCTIONS

Generates certain parameters required for counter start accesses.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Ftd -- table Directory

Fje -- executive Junk Storage

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

Xr2 -- table Directory Index

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

Xr2 -- table Directory Index

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F35D01 Entered by F35C for intialization of counter start parameters. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points F35G01 Manipulator Termination Routine -- Called for final processing and termination to Drum Scheduler.

7. SUBROUTINES USED

None

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

this module performs generation of parameters required specifically for counter start accesses to the drum.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Certain parameters may be predefined at assembly time; these are coded into the table directory (FTD) and retrieved by Manip during execution for insertion into a temporary buffer.

Some parameters (i.e., the index into the portal and the word count) may be specified by the user and supplied as input to the Manipulator access. For these cases, Manip will utilize these parameters; generally, these are generated during the parameter collection process (see documentation on module F35B).

F35e

1. name: manipulator Single Level Associative Search Routine.

2. PURPOSE: To generate those parameters unique to an associative search access to drum.

3. FUNCTIONS: Generates and formats those parameters which are uniquely required for an associative search access of drum.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Ftd -- table Directory

Fje -- executive Junk Storage

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

Xr2 -- table Directory Index

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Fje -- executive Junk Storage

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

Xr2 -- table Directory Index

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F35E01 Called by F35C for formatting and generation of parameters unique to associative search accesses. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points F35G01 Termination Routine -- Called for final processing and termination to the Drum Scheduler.

7. SUBROUTINES USED

None

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

certain parameters are unique to the associative search access (i.e., not required for a counter start access). These parameters must therefore be initialized separately.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

As in other portions of Manipulator processing some parameters may be pre-defined, while others may be constructed (if required) from user-supplied access parameters.

The principle purpose of this module is to generate the word count, index value, search key and mask word for the associative search access. The word count and index value may be pre-defined or dynamically calculated. The search key is always dynamically calculated, while the mask word is always pre-defined. Pre-defined items are retrieved from the respective table directory entry and placed in a temporary buffer area. Items which are dynamically calculated are generated in the parameter collection routine (F35B) using user-supplied parameters as input.

F35g

1. name: manipulator Termination Routine

2. PURPOSE: The purpose of this module is to collect parameters generated by previously processing routines and format them into the work area.

3. FUNCTIONS:

a. Collects all generated parameters and completes final initialization of the work area.

b. Terminates to Drum Scheduler.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Fje -- executive Junk Storage

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Fje -- executive Junk Storage

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F36G01 Entered from either F35D or F35E, to perform final processing and terminate to Drum Scheduler F35G02 Entered from F35H for same purpose. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points F29XQ1 (Drum Scheduler) -- Called to initiate or schedule the drum access.

7. SUBROUTINES USED

None

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

this routine serves as a final processor and common exit point from the Manipulator.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

The various parameters generated by previous processing are now collected from the temporary buffer and placed in the appropriate fields within the work area. These include the drum address register word and the DCU instruction word. Also, a "pseudo" spill word is formatted and placed in the appropriate location if the access is counter start and a single spill word is required. The drum address, which is supplied in logical format, is converted by algorithm to its physical counterpart, as required for input the DCU hardware.

Finally, Manipulator processing is complete when control is transferred to the Drum Scheduler.

F35h

1. name: manipulator Exhaustive Search Routine

2. PURPOSE: This module will successively search each portal of a given table for the data requested by the user.

3. FUNCTIONS:

a. Determines if the required data has been located.

b. If so, schedules the user's next program.

c. If not, determines next portal to be searched and initiates the access.

d. If all portals have been searched and coincidence has not been found, schedules user's next program with indication of no coincidence.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

Fpd -- portal Description Table

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

Xr1 -- work Area Address

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F35X02 Entered from executive as next program for each portal searched. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points F35G02 Manipulator Termination Routine -- Called to initiate an access to the next portal of a table. F35N03 Schedule User's Next Program -- Called to schedule the user's next program at the conclusion of the exhaustive search.

7. SUBROUTINES USED

None

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

some users may require that an entire table be searched for given information, not knowing in which portal of the table the information resides. To facilitate this process, the Manipulator provides the internal capability to successively search all portals of a given table. This frees the user from the code and logic required to continue searching each portal of the table until coincidence is found or all portals are exhausted.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

In order to ascertain the results of each portal search, Manip specifies itself (F35X02) as the next program for each access to drum. Upon regaining control at this entry point, the non-coincidence indicator of the work area is checked. If it is not set, coincidence was found in the last portal searched and the access is complete; the user's next program is then scheduled by Manip.

If this indicator is set, coincidence was not found in the last portal searched. A test is made to see if all portals have now been searched; if so, the user's next program is scheduled with the indication that coincidence could not be found. If all portals have not been searched, the information describing the table's next portal is extracted from FPD and properly formatted into the work area. The Manipulator Termination Routine is then called to initiate the next drum access.

This process is reitereated until 1) coincidence occurs, or 2) all portals of the specified table have been searched.

F35m

1. name: portal Number Calculator

2. PURPOSE: F35M contains algorithms to develop portal numbers for drum access requested by call processing or update modules.

3. FUNCTIONS: F35M calculates portal numbers required to access the following tables:

a. CDN

b. CLN

c. CRN

d. CSX

e. CGT

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cep -- engineerable Office Parameters

Chc -- om data Frame Received

Cja -- original Class Data

Fac -- npa normalization Table

Fal -- search Key Conversion Table

Fdn -- directory Number Normalization Table

Fje -- executive Junk Storage

Ftd -- drum Access Description Table

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area

Fwb -- cp register/Sender Memory Image

Fwc -- tm received Information

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

X1 -- client's Executive Interface Work Area Address

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

FWA -- Executive Interface Work Area

FJE -- Executive Junk Storage

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

Ra -- portal Number to be searched.

X1 -- executive Interface Work Area Address

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F35M01 F35M01 is entered to convert Directory Number to portal to search. F35M02 F35M02 is entered to convert office section and matrix to drum portal to search. F35M03 F35M03 is entered to convert route number from FWASW1 to drum portal to search. F35M05 F35M05 is entered to convert office section and matrix to drum portal to search. F35M06 F35M06 is entered to search table FAC for area code match and add NPA from FAC to the search table FAC for area code match and add NPA from FAC to the search word for a six-digit translation. F35M07 F35M07 is entered to selected the proper party from a two-party line and specify the drum portal where the LNI of the party resides. F35M08 F35M08 is entered to load the A register with FJE009 (Parameter collected in F35B) for drum portal to search. F35M09 F35M09 is entered to test the search word to compute the drum portal to search. F35M10 F35M10 is entered to extract ("collect") data from the client's work area to be processed by F35M01. F35M11 F35M11 is entered to grab search word from client's work area for processing by using table FAL and portal determination routines in F35M05. F35M12 F35M12 is entered to determine segment, drum address and DCU pair information for next drum access. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points F35C02 Manipulator Common Functions Routine (F35C) is entered at F35C02 with a portal address to continue processing for a drum access. F35N04 Manipulator Identifier Reconstruction Routine F35N04 is entered to set client's no coincidence found indicator and schedule client's next or error program. F35C03 Manipulator Common Functions Routine (F35C) is entered at F35C03 with drum address information to continue drum access.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

f35m is called from F35C (Common Function Module) when no portal is specified by the client program. The selected routine constructs the required portal number for the access and returns to F35C02 or F35C03.

8.2 technique

f35m01 selects the portal for table CDN. Using the first four digits table FDN is searched for a match. When that is found the portal number is extracted and control is returned to F35C02. If no coincidence is found the error program is scheduled through F35N04.

F35M02 determines whether the matrix number falls between 1 and 5 or 6 through 10. If the number is greater than 5, one is added to the portal number. Control is then returned to F35C02.

F35M03 extracts the route number from the work area and clears all but the two high order bits. The word is then properly positioned in the A-register and control is returned to F35C02.

F35M05 extracts the section number and the matrix from the work area. The two items are used as search key to find the proper pointer to the portal description word in table FAL. Control is then returned to F35C02.

F35M06 searches table FAC for the area code match. If a match is found the normalized area code is extracted and added to the search word for a six digit translation. If the search of table FAC is successful control is returned to F35C02, otherwise F35N04 is called to schedule the error program.

F35M07 extracts the pointer to the call history table; determines if it is a two-party line; selects the proper party and specifies the portal where the LNI of the party resides. Control is returned to F35C02.

F35M08 loads the A register with FJE009 (Drum Address Register) and returns to F35C02.

F35M09 tests the search word to determine the section number. If the section number is greater than 2 the portal number is incremented by 2. The matrix is range checked and if it is not greater than 5, the portal number is incremented again by 1. Control is then returned to F35C02.

F35M10 extracts data from the work area to form a search word to be processed by F35M01.

F35M11 grabs the search word from the work area and formats the search word for table FAL. The search of table FAL is an internal routine found in F35M05. Upon completion of the search F35C02 is called.

F35M12 determines whether the DCU pair and/or the portal number is to be altered prior to calling F35C03.

F35n

1. name: identifier Reconstruction Routines

2. PURPOSE: The purpose of F35N is to extract data from the call history table or the work area, order the data for the drum search, and schedule F40.

3. functions: module F35N performs the following functions;

a. Extracts the first four digits of a 1 or 2 party line.

b. Schedules the error program is no coincidence is found in table FDN.

c. Schedules users next program through closed subroutine F40X06.

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cep -- engineerable Office Parameters

Cja -- original Class Data

Esl -- executive Storage Location Table

Fdn -- directory Number Normalization Table

Fje -- executive Junk Storage

Fpd -- portal Description Table

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area

Fwb -- cp register Sender Memory Image

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

Ra -- client's Executive Interface Work Area Address

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

X1 -- client's Executive Interface Work Area Address.

Rq -- eio value for F40X04.

X2 -- tells F40X06 Manip is calling.

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F35N01 F35N01 is entered for LNI to Directory Number Conversion Completion. F35N02 F35N02 is entered to set EIO for parameter conversion and schedule client's error program F35N03 F35N03 is entered when access is complete to schedule user's next program. F35N04 F35N04 is entered to schedule client's next or error program when drum coincidence was not found. F35N10 F35N10 completes LNI to Directory Number Translation for update. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points E01X04 E01X04 is entered to release the control of the CPU 7 SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F40X04 Client's ERP Scheduling Subroutine. F40X06 Client's NPG Scheduling Subroutine.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

f35n extracts a pointer for either the call history table or work area and searches table FDN for a match of the pointer. If the search is successful a four digit code is transferred from table FDN to table CXK and F40X06 is called to schedule the next program. Should the search not be successful the error program is scheduled through F40X04.

Interrupts are disabled prior to entering F40 and enabled upon return. Control is released to F01X04.

8.2 technique

f35n is called for identifier reconstruction from call processing and update accesses. F35N01 services Call Processing and F35N10 services update. Both routines are capable of working with either TPL or TPS offices. The major difference between the routines is that the input data to F35N01 is in the call history table while the input data for F35N10 resides in the work area.

F35N01 determines whether party one or party two is to be serviced. The pseudo portal number is used as the Key to search table FDN. The first four digits are extracted from the FDN entry and stored in table CXK. If it is a TPL office F40X06 is called to schedule the next program. If the office is TPS the address or coincidence is converted to TBCD (digits 5, 6 and 7) and stored in table CXK. F40X06 is then called to schedule the next program. F35N10 provides a similar service for update requests. Input data is stored in the work area instead of the call history table. Again a test is made to determine whether the office is TPS or TPL. The TPS office requires additional processing prior to calling F40X06 to schedule the next program.

F35N02 is an error processing routine. Parameter errors are flagged through this module. A call to F35N04 indicates no coincidence found. An additional test is made to determine whether coincidence is required. If not, the next program is scheduled; if coincidence is required the error program is scheduled.

F35NO3 is the routine used to schedule F40X06. Upon return from F40X06 or F40X04 control is returned to the executive through E01X04.

F35p

1. name: manip fast Access Formatter.

2. PURPOSE: F35P processes Call Processing's most frequently used accesses to drum. These accesses are coded away from the normal line of processing to conserve on processing time of calls.

3. FUNCTIONS: The function of F35P is to do the following:

a. Collects and formats the required parameters for the access.

b. Performs range checks on the parameters if required.

c. Selects the portal on drum to be entered.

d. Sets the number of words per cell.

e. Initializes the mask word and the instruction word.

d. Formats the instruction words for the DCU scheduler and calls the DCU scheduler.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Cdn -- local Directory Number.

Cep -- engineerable Office Parameters.

Cgd -- tgn to Directory Number.

Chc -- om data Frame Received.

Che -- pretranslation Access Store Data.

Chh -- route and Path Data.

Cja -- original Class Data.

Cln -- line Equipment Number.

Clo -- line Matrix Outlet.

Cpd -- pretranslation Data.

Csx -- selector Matrix Outlet.

Ctn -- trunk Equipment Number.

Fal -- search Key Conversion Table.

Fdn -- directory Number Normalization Table.

Fje -- executive Junk Storage.

Fpd -- portal Description Table.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwb -- cp register Sender Memory Image.

Fwc -- tm received Information.

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

X1 -- executive Interface Work Area Address.

X2 -- manipulator Access Number.

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area Address.

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

X1 -- executive Interface Work Area Address.

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F35P01 F35P01 is scheduled as the only entry point into F35P. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points F29X01 DCU Scheduler program: F29X01 is called to schedule the drum operation specified by the client thru F35P. F35N02 Manip Parameter Error Routine: F35N02 is entered when F35P finds an error in the parameters passed by the client. F35N02 schedules the user's ERP with an EIO of 2. F35N04 MANIP No Coincidence Found Routine: F35N04 is entered when no coincidence is found while associatively searching a table. F35N04 schedules the user's ERP or NPG depending on whether the client has specified coincidence required.

7. SUBROUTINES USED

None

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

f35p formats request for the following MANIP accesses: FM001 (CLO), FM003 (CGD). FM004 (CSX), FM006 (CTN), FM007 (CDN), FM009 (CRN), FM021 (CTT), FM022 (CPD), FM023 (CTT), FM025 (CLN). F35P is entered with the work area address in X1 and the requested access number in X2. The routine to process the access is entered through a BUN table modified by X2. If it is not a fast access to be processed, control is returned to F35A02.

Most handling the parameter collection is performed by the KEYGEN macro. Special Handling is required in only a few cases. Portal algorithms are required for several accesses (FM004, FM007, FM009, and FM025). Special Handling is also required for FM007 to determine whether the office is TPL or TPS.

8.2 technique

not Applicable

Notes to FIG. 117J

*1. f4.phi.x.phi.4 -- will Set FWAE1.phi. = (RO) and schedule the error program.

2. F4.phi.X.phi.6 -- Will schedule the next program.

F36 -- figs. 118 - 118e

1. name: f36 -- ccr i/o handler Subroutines No. 1

2. PURPOSE: In order to centralize functions and conserve core memory, six subroutines have been provided in module F36 for use by other CCR I/O Handler modules.

3. FUNCTIONS: Module F36 performs the following functions:

a. F36X01 -- Unlike diagnostic request clients from I/O queue, (containing "F31 clients") hitch request to maintenance hitching post, and start timer for I/O request.

b. F36X02 -- Handles reroutes via scheduling or branching to the appropriate requested module.

c. F36X03 -- Cleans up I/O request when complete. This includes resetting timers and/or audits bit associated with request, resetting hitching post and marker busy bit, and resetting markers and restoring CCR's to original scan state if modified for this request.

d. F36X05 -- Provides proper configuration of CCR's for requests requiring special configurations.

e. F36X06 -- Unloads all data and/or status word from CCR's.

f. F36X08 -- Reconfigures CCR's as requested by CONFIG. INPUTS

4. inputs

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fsl -- executive Storage Location.

Fcc -- cm-rj identity.

Fhp -- hitching Post.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Hel -- i/o abort Entry Lines.

Fex -- executive Inst for F36.

Ftl -- timer.

Hst -- system Status.

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

X1 -- work Area Identity.

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1. core Tables

Esl -- executive Storage Location.

Fcc -- om-rj identity.

Fex -- executive Instructions for F36.

Fhp -- hitching Post.

Fix -- ccr maintenanace Work Area.

Ftl -- timer.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Hel -- i/o abort Entry Lines.

Hst -- system Status.

Swd -- ccr dump Area D.

5.1.2 drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

Ra -- error Indicator for F36X06.

5.2 hardware

none

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F36X01 See Section 3 for all listed entry points F36X02 F36X03 F36X05 F36X06 F36X08 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points None Return to client. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F03 Unlink from Priority Queue. F34 Originating Marker Standby Interrupt Handler. E02 Interval Timer Request Acceptor. E03X02 Stop Timer (STTIME) E01X01 Timer Expired S31X01 Multiple Channel Recovery

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

f36x01 will unlink the diagnostic request from the I/O queue and hitch the work area to FHPA08. Then set FCCMJI to indicate a maintenance job in progress, and set FWAFID in the user's work area indicating the request has been initiated. F36X01 will then index into table FTL WITH FWATMS to obtain the number of 16.6 msec. intervals to pass to E02X01 when it requests the timing of the I/O request. F36X01 then unhitches special work are FIX (FZB) from FHPA22 and calls E02X01 to time I/O request and transfer to F34X01 should timeout occur. It then returns to the calling program.

F36X02 receives as input the two reroute words from the MANIAC program. It then transfers to/or schedules the appropriate module and returns to the calling program.

F36X03 receives as input the scan address for the I/O request it is to clean up and three indicators indicating whether this is a maintenance request, whether to send a reset CPD to a marker.

If the maintenance request indicator is set, F36X03 resets FCCMJI and FCCOMT. If FCCSCR is set, indicating that CCR's are in a special scan state, and no reconfiguration bits for the CCR's are set in FCCREC. F36X03 will set the appropriate bits in FCCREC to restore CCR's to original state and then reset FCCSCR and FCCMIU. Then F36X03 will unhitch the work area from FHPA08 and attempt to remove special work area FIX from the timequeue. If the work area was present in timer queue, it will hitch the work area back to FHPA22.

If the input scan address is for TM, F36X03 will reset the I/O Handler audit Bit for the TM, reset the pair busy bit, and reset the TM pair hitching post.

Then F36X03 will issue the appropriate CPD's if any, and return to the calling program.

F36X05 will set up CCR's for a specified CCR I/O request or a CCR to CCR transfer request. First F36X05 checks the system status table, HST, to be sure that the CCR(s) to be used is not OS. If it finds a CCR OS, it will return to the calling program with an error indication.

If the request is a CCR to CCR request, F36X05 will both CCR's into standby scan mode and point the sink CCR toward the source CCR and provide a status dump of sink CCR in word SWD via a call to F36X06 and then set FCCSCR to 1 and FCCMIU to the identity of the originally online active CCR.

If the request is for a specified CCR, and the specified CCR is not the CCR currently in active use, F36X05 will place both CCR's online standby and master reset the active CCR to eliminate interference during the transmissions. Then F36X05 will set FCCSCR and FCCMUI as above.

In all cases, return is made to the calling program with the sending CCR connected and the receiving CCR disconnected.

F36X06 is entered with five indicators set and two sink addresses furnished and XR2 contains the channel identify of the CCR.

The first indicator checked is for a single status word dump. If set, the standard status word is unloaded at the address in ERG001 and sense group 046 or 047 is stored in the next sequential location.

The second indicator checked is for a full status word dump. If set, the standard status word and the two error status words are stored sequentially, followed by sense group 046 or 047, starting at the address in ERG001.

The third option is a two word data dump. If requested, the first two data words will be stored sequentially at the address in ERG002.

The fourth option is a two word data dump. If requested, the first two data words will be stored sequentially at the address in ERG002.

The fifth indicator checked is whether CCR should be disconnected. If set, the CCR will be disconnected.

Options one and two are mutually exclusive as are options three and four. Control is always returned to the calling program.

F36X08 is entered with its input in FCCREC. FCCREC contains six bits. They indicate:

1. CR B should be placed online and active.

2. CR A should be placed online and active.

3. CR B should be placed offline.

4. CR A should be placed offline.

5. CR A should be placed online and standby.

6. CR B should be placed online and standby.

F36X08 will process any bits set in the order listed and then reset the bits. It will then return control to the calling program with any reconfigured CCR's connected to the I/I bus.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Not applicable.

Notes to FIG. 118A

Input: ra = second Reroute Word

F37 -- figs. 119 - 119d

1. name: f37 -- ccr error Isolation and Recovery Module.

2. PURPOSE: Module F37 has been provided to handle all error interrupts from the CCR's.

3. FUNCTIONS: Module F37 performs the following functions:

a. Provides reroute and reset and ignore maniac functions on the CCR error sense lines.

b. Provides fault/error isolation and CCR/MKR isolation.

c. Takes appropriate recovery steps to achieve a workable subsystem.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fcc -- cm-rj identity.

Fjp -- executive Junk Storage.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area.

Fwc -- tm receiver Information.

Swb -- ccr dump Area B.

Swe -- ccr dump Area E.

4.1.2 drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

None

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Erg -- pseudo Registers.

Fjp -- executive Junk Storage.

F38x03 -- schedule error program.

F38x04 -- abort Job.

I00 -- maintenance Interrupt Access.

I01 -- configuration Control.

I20 -- elt, diarqt, diabrt.

i50 -- extra Lines for L00.

S31x01 -- ccx errors Check.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

after checking maniacs on the interrupting device, module F37 then proceeds to determine the cause of the interrupt. If the interrupt occurs during a CCR to CCR transfer, F37 will ignore the interrupt and return to ICAP. If the interrupt occurs during a maintenance request, F37 will schedule the user's error program with FWAEIO = 12 after providing a CCR status word dump in FWC and then reset and ignore the error. If a transmission error interrupt occurs during an origination or termination, F37 will immediately retry the I/O operation, either by calling F32X05 to send data out again if error was in sending or by backing up scanner one marker and allowing CCR to receive data again. If the entry is successful, the ready interrupt will be rerouted through F37X03 and counter. If the transient error rate exceeds 1%, CCR Isolation is requested on the device. If the entry is unsuccessful, we have found a fault, and fault/error isolation is complete. F37 will proceed to CCR/MKR isolation stage. If a timeout error occurs at any time during call processing I/O, F37 will call CCR Isolation immediately. If an error occurs with a MOS marker, F37 will set the disable receiving errors latch in the active CCR to prevent constantly receiving error interrupts.

Upon entry to the CCR/MKR isolation stage, F37 will attempt to switch the active CCR by requesting that the active CCR be placed MOS. If the request is denied because the other CCR is not available, F37 will set the disable receive errors latch in the CCR and reset and ignore the error. If the reconfiguration request is allowed, F37 can then do more retry to accomplish CCR/MKR isolation. If the retry is successful, F37X03 again receives control via a reroute of the ready interrupt and will assume that the original CCR is fault and will request, through DIACON, that CCR Isolation be run on that CCR. If the retry is unsuccessful, F37 will assume the marker fault, and will request that CCR/MCR Isolation be run on the original CCR and the faulty CCR after putting the marker MCS.

When F37 has completed its isolation, it will call F32X01 to scan the I/O queues and then return to ICAP.

F38 -- figs. 120 - 120c

1. name: f38 -- ccr i/o handler Subroutines -- 2

2. PURPOSE: F38 contains six subroutines used by other programs associated with CCR and marker hardware.

3. FUNCTIONS:

a. F38X01 handles the interface between the I/O programs and the non-I/O executive in regards to scheduling the user's next program after successfull completion of I/O request.

b. F38X03 handles the interface between the I/O programs and the non-I/O executive in regards to scheduling the user's error program after unsuccessful completion of the I/O request.

c. F38X02 provides interface between the I/O Handler Timeout Audit Program and the CCR I/O Handler for CCR timeouts.

d. F38X05 provides interface between the I/O Handler for terminating marker timeouts.

e. F38X04 attempts to find and abort an I/O request associated with a particular CCR scan address.

f. F38X07 provides interface between terminating marker isolation programs and the I/O handler when isolation is completed. This entry line will schedule either the next program or error program of the termination request depending on a indicator passed by calling program.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Est -- priority State Table.

Fcc -- om-rj identity Table.

Fhp -- hitching Post Table.

Fjp -- interrupt level junk Table.

Fwa -- executive Work Area Table.

Has -- mcr audit Table.

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

X1 -- work Area Address.

X2 -- scan Address of Marker.

Ra -- schedule Error or Next Program.

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Eps -- executive Parameter Storage Table.

Esl -- executive Storage Location Table.

Est -- priority State Table.

Fhp -- hitching Post Table.

Fwa -- executive Work Area Table.

Has -- mcr audit Table.

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

X1 -- work Area Address.

X2 -- scan Address of Marker.

Ra -- error Indicator.

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F38X01 Entered to call the Executive Audit Program for CCR timeouts. F38X03 Entered to call the Executive to schedule the user's error program. F38X04 Entered to find and abort an I/O request associated with a particular scan address. F38X05 Entered for terminating marker timeouts. F38X06 Entered to provide interface between terminating marker isolation programs and CCR I/O handler when isolation is complete. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points None Control is always returned to the calling program. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F02X02 Link to front of queue. E01X01 Schedule program and return control. F05X01 Return work area to system pool. F36X01 Set marker MOS and just ignore. L20X01 Schedule marker maintenance. F32X01 Scan CCR I/O queues.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

f38x01 and F38X03 provide implementation of the "hold NRA" option and the "drop work area" option in field FWAPGT of the I/O request.

F38X02 and F38X05 provide interface between I/O Handler Timeout Audit (IOHTOA) and I/O Handler. F38X02 will call F32X07 to put the CCR MOS and Call CCRISO. F38X05 will call CONFIG to put the TM MOS, make a DIARQT for MRK routining, set unit just ignore maniac on the marker, and abort any request in progress via a call to F38X04, and schedule the user's error program with FWAEIO = 9. Both F38X02 and F38X05 will drive F38X02 to scan the I/O queues and then return to the calling program.

F38X04 will abort any I/O request in progress on the CCR scan number it receives as input and return the requestor's work area address in index register one.

F38X07 will reset the hitched work area bit (FHPJHT) passed by marker isolation and scheduler either the next program or the error program (with FWAEIO = 8) of the request that was hitched to the special hitching post.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Not applicable.

Notes to FIG. 120

Inputs: xr1 = work Area Address of Program to Schedule.

Notes to FIG. 120C

This routine to reset TM H.P. after MKR fault and schedule hitched program.

Inputs:

ra = .phi. indicates schedule next program.

Ra .noteq. .phi. indicates schedule error program.

X1 = waa -- will be saved.

X2 = scan Address -- will be saved.

Outputs:

ra = .phi. indicates no error found.

Ra = 1 indicates error was found.

Error conditions:

1. Invalid SCA (not in range) SCA 14)

2. job not hitched at spare HP. RJ and ERG.phi..phi.1 - .phi..phi.4 are destroyed.

F39 -- fig. 121

1. name: f39 -- ccr load/Unload Subroutine.

2. PURPOSE: This module performs certain I/O functions for S45, CCR Link Localization. It is provided to minimize interface requirements for that program.

3. FUNCTIONS:

a. Loads CCR standard status word from input.

b. Unloads CCR status words upon request.

c. Checks for CCX errors.

d. Returns to calling program.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Rsa -- computer Communications Register Maintenance Table.

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

X2 -- channel Controller Number (06000 or 07000).

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Sra -- ccr maintenanace Table.

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

Rq - error Indicator

0 = No error

Negative = Error in loading CCR.

5.2 hardware

ccr scanner Address Loaded.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F39X01 Entered to load CCR scanner for link localization only. F39X02 Entered to give CCR error status dumps for link localization only. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points None Control is always returned to the calling program. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points S31X01 CCX recovery to check for channel multiplex errors. F36X06 To dump 4 status words.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

f39x01 loads input word into CCR standard status word and then calls S31X01 to check for possible CCX errors. The module will do retries if requested by S31X01. When standard status word has been successfully loaded, F39 will return to S45 with a no error indication. If CCX errors are encountered, F39 will return with indication that errors occurred.

F39X02 formats interface information and the calls F36X06 to obtain a status dump of the CCR. F39X02 then returns error indication from F36X06 to S45.

8.2 technique

not applicable.

F40 -- figs. 122 - 122i

1. name: f40 -- drum Handler Subroutines I

2. purpose: provides required interface with the Manipulator and DMS Isolation for scheduling a user's next or error program.

3. FUNCTIONS:

a. Schedules the next program.

b. Schedules an error program with a specified error code.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fwa -- user's Work Area

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

Rq -- error Code.

Xr2 -- negative, indicating caller identity.

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

None

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

None

5.2 HARDWARE

None

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F40X Called by Manipulator and DMS Isolation to schedule a user's next or error program. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points None Return is always made to the caller. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F30A07 Utilized to schedule the user's next program. F30A03 Utilized to schedule the user's error program.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

occasionally, the Manipulator and DMS Isolation will schedule a user's next or error program as part of its processing. In order to take advantage of the Drum Handler's program scheduling capability (including work area release, non-resident area control, state indicator control, etc.), a special entry line has been provided for use by the Manipulator and DMS Isolation for this purpose.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Module F40 exists solely to satisfy interface agreements with the Manipulator and DMS Isolation. While these programs may call entry lines F40X04 or F40X06 (per original agreement), entry actually occurs at F40X (or F40X01) due to F40's special PIT (i.e., no indexing by XR3). F40 determines which entry line is being accessed (by the value in XR3), calls F30A03 or F30A07 to perform the required program scheduling and returns control to the caller. Interface requirements specify that calls to F40 be executed with interrupts disabled (to eliminate re-entrancy problems associated with F30). When calling F40X06 to schedule the next program, XR2 must be negative (to identify the caller of F30A07 as Manip, since minor processing differences are associated with the Manip Call). When F40X04 is called to schedule an error program, RQ must contain the EIO Field (error code) with which the error program is to be scheduled.

F41 -- figs. 123 - 123c

1. name: f41 -- drum Handler Subroutines II

2. purpose: provides required interface with DMS Isolation for clearing down a specified DCU and its associated software indicators, and an interface to allow DMS Isolation to initiate a DCU queue scan (to ensure all queued jobs are found).

3. FUNCTIONS:

a. Clears the DCU and places it in an idle state.

b. Clears any software indicators associated with that DCU.

c. Initiates a DCU queue scan, when instructed to by DMS Isolation.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Fjp -- interrupt Level Junk Storage.

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None

4.1.3 Registers

None

4.2 HARDWARE

None

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Fdp -- drum Parameters Table.

Fhp -- hitching Post Table.

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None

5.1.3 Registers

None

5.2 HARDWARE

DCU in a clear, idle state.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F41X Called by DMS Isolation to clear down a specified DCU or initiate a queue scan on a DCU pair. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points None Return is always made to the caller. 7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F30A10 Called to clear down the DCU and its associated software indicators. F30A0Z Called to initiate a DCU queue scan.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

during the process of isolating a fault on a DCU pair and after two retries on the error unit, the job may be tried on the mate unit. It is therefore necessary to clear the error unit (should it be placed back in service). DMS Isolation therefore makes use of an existing Drum Handler subroutine to accomplish this task. Such an arrangement enforces accurate and efficient control of the DCU as a resource.

The queue scan entry is needed to ensure jobs queued on a DCU-pair basis get started again after DMS isolation is finished. Without this entry, a job queue would not get serviced again after isolation, because queue scan is normally started only on an interrupt basis, and no interrupts would come in on a DCU pair shut down for isolation purposes.

8.2 TECHNIQUE

Module F31 exists solely to satisfy an interface agreement with DMS Isolation. While Isolation calls entry line F41X02 (per original agreement), entry actually occurs at F41X (or F41X01) due to F41's special PLT (i.e., no indexing is XR3).

F41 immediately calls F30A10 to accomplish the necessary clearing of the DCU and its associated software, and returns control to DMS Isolation. Interface requirements specify that FJPB22 contain the identity of the DCU to be cleared.

When DMS Isolation enters F41 calling for F41X01, F41 immediately calls F30A02 to initiate a queue scan on the DCU pair indicated by X2 and returns control to DMS Isolation.

F52 -- figs. 125 - 125a

1. name: f52 -- marker Malfunction Interrupt Handler.

2. PURPOSE: The purpose of module F52 is to enable approprate handling of malfunction interrupts from both originating markers and terminating markers.

3. FUNCTIONS: Module F52 performs the following functions:

a. Appropriately handles MANIAC conditions on the interrupts associated with marker malfunction sense lines; see paragraphs 8.1(b) and (c).

b. Interfaces with maintenance diagnostic programs when malfunction interrupts occur during the accessing of a marker by a normal (non-maintenance) Call Processing client of F31.

c. Provides an indication of interrupt (associated with a marker malfunction sense line) who is performing maintenance on a marker. In the event of this marker interrupt:

1. F52 Terminates the program and returns control back to the F31 client (originating diagnostic program).

2. Cleans up the hardware and software for the requester: That is, resets the malfunction sense line, and resets software indicators so that other F31 clients may be properly acted on.

d. Attempts to initiate the next I/O request from F31, if such a request is queued.

e. Returns to the calling program.

4. INPUTS

4.1 software

4.1.1 core Tables

Esl -- executive Storage Location. (Also an output table.)

Fcc -- ccr control Table. (Also an output table.)

Fhp -- hitching Post. (Also an output table.)

Fjp -- interrupt Level Junk.

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area. (Also an output table.)

4.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

4.1.3 Registers

None.

4.2 HARDWARE

None.

5. OUTPUTS

5.1 software

5.1.1 core Tables

Esl -- executive Storage Location. (Also an input table).

Fcc -- ccr control Table. (Also an input table).

Fhp -- hitching Post. (Also an input table.)

Fwa -- executive Interface Work Area. (Also an input table.)

5.1.2 Drum Tables

None.

5.1.3 Registers

None.

5.2 HARDWARE

None.

6. CONTROL

6.1 ENTRY POINTS Entry Reasons for Entry Points F52X01 See Purpose paragraph 2.0, above. 6.2 EXIT POINTS Exit Reasons for Exit Points Return to calling program. -7. SUBROUTINES USED Entry Functional Names Points F32 CCR Handler. F34 Originating Marker Standby Interrupt Handler. F36 CCR Subroutines. F38 CCR Scheduler B and Aborts. L00 MANIAC -- Maintenance Interrupt Access. L01 CONFIG -- Configuration Control Program. L20 DIACON -- Diagnostic Control Program. L50 Unit MANIAC. K70 OMRJCL -- Originating Marker RJ Clear.

8. NARRATIVE

8.1 discussion

the following is a summary of the major (flowchart) decisions and actions performed by F52; see the F52 flowchart for the exact detailed flow, not indicated here.

F52 first major action is to check the MANIAC passed by the Interrupt Cause and Analysis Program (ICAP); this indicator is the Reset-and-Ignore condition. One out of three major categories of action is then performed by F52 (primarily dependent on the 1 or 0 state of the Reset-and-Ignore indicator); the three possibilities which module F52 can perform are listed below under (a), (b), and (c). Listed under these three major categories are several subdivisions that are the additional necessary (or possible) decisions comprising that area of the program; it must be remembered, however, that the material below is only a general overview of the major program decisions.

a. When Reset and Ignore is not set, then: Closed subroutine F36X02 is called if reroute is set, and only if reroute is set. Then, whether reroute is set or not, a check is always made to see if the malfunction is associated with a diagnostic request concerning the marker:

1. If the malfunction is associated with a diagnostic request on the marker (FCCMJI = 1), then closed subroutine F34X05 is called to clean up the request and schedule the clients next program. In addition, if test call mode is used, F52 performs the operation listed under the second paragraph of condition.

Or 2. if the malfunction is not associated with a diagnostic request on the marker (FCCMJI = 0), then control is passed to closed subroutine F38X04 so that if the I/O request is in progress (the job being a termination attempt by the TM), it may be aborted. If the request is in progress, then in addition to the job being aborted, the work area will be hitched to a special hitching post, unless that hitching post is busy, in which case the user's error program is scheduled with FWAEIO = 8.

next, the interupting marker is placed MOS (via a call to CONFIG). A unit Just-Ignore MANIAC is then put on the interrupting marker, a DIARQT for marker isolation is made, and the Reset and Ignore malfunction MANIAC is put on the other marker pair. Then F32X01 is called to scan the I/O queues, after which control is returned to ICAP.

b. When Reset-and-Ignore is set, and an I/O request is in progress with the marker, then: If the maintenance request is not waiting for standby (see page 1 of flowchart), then: The client requested error program is scheduled with FWAEIO = 8. Otherwise, if the maintenance request is waiting for standby, then: The I/O request is a diagnostic program for an OM, the (replacement) marker is not yet employed by the diagnostic program, and at this time an unrelated malfunction indication occurs in connection with the marker (maintenance request not waiting for standby). This malfunction indication, however, is ignored and the marker is still employed by the diagnostic program; that is, F52 still continues processing as if the marker malfunction was not indicated.

Next, whether the maintenance request is or is not waiting for standby, the Reset and Ignore Override indicator (FWARIO) is checked:

1. If FWARIO is set, the malfunction interrupt sense line will be reset. Then, F32X01 is called to scan the I/O queues, and then control is returned ICAP.

Or 2. if FWARIO is not set, the marker is reset and a on-line transmission is sent to the marker. Then, F32X01 is called to scan the I/O queues, and then control is returned to ICAP.

c. When Reset-and-Ignore is set, and an I/O request is not in progress with the marker, then: K70X01 is called to check if RJ (Register Junctor) needs to be cleared. An on-line transmission is sent to the marker. Then F32X01 is called to scan the I/O queues, and control is then returned to ICAP.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A communication switching system comprising:

a switching network having a plurality of terminals, a plurality of line circuits individually connecting communication lines to individual ones of said terminals, a plurality of register junctors individually connected to other of said terminals;

originating marker means and terminating marker means for controlling the switching network, each of the marker means including apparatus to select a path and establish a connection between two selected terminals, the originating marker means further including means to detect originating call requests via the line circuits and to select and identify one calling line circuit at a time for service, to select an idle junctor for the call, and to select and establish an originating connection between the originating line circuit and the selected register junctor;

a register subsystem including a register memory which has junctor memory areas permanently assigned to the register junctors, and common logic means, time division multiplex means with sequential cyclically recurring time slots for the register junctors to access the junctor memory areas and the associated register junctors to process information from the memory and the register junctor and to store data into the junctor memory area;

a data processing unit which includes a central processor and a central processor memory,

data communication means interconnecting the central processor with the originating marker means and the terminating marker means,

the originating marker means including means effective after said originating connection between a calling line circuit and a register junctor has been selected to seize the data communication means and transmit an originating data message identifying the calling line circuit and register junctor terminals to the central processor,

means in the central processor responsive to receipt of said originating data message to assign a portion of the central processor memory to the call as a call history table;

means in the data processing unit to find class of service information relating to the calling line to be used in processing the call,

data transfer means interconnecting the central processor and the register subsystem,

means effective after the central processor has assigned said call history table to a call to transmit information via the data transfer means to a register subsystem for storage in the junctor memory area for the register junctor which has been selected for the call;

the register subsystem being effective to receive and store dialed digits for the call, and to transmit information relating to the dialed digits via said data transfer means to the central processor for processing,

the central processor including means to process the call and transmit a terminating data message via said data communication means to the terminating marker means,

the terminating marker means being responsive to the receipt of the terminating data message to select a path and establish a connection in the switching network between the calling line circuit and a selected terminating terminal;

and means responsive to both the register subsystem and the central processor as well as the terminating marker means completing their functions for a call to return both the junctor memory area and the call history table to an idle state.

2. A communication switching system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said central processor comprises a stored program computer operating with said central processor memory.

3. A communication switching system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said data processing unit includes an auxiliary processor having its own memory including apparatus for associative searches, arranged to operate with said central processor to receive data therefrom, to use the associative search apparatus to find correspondence between a part of the data and information in the memory of the auxiliary processor, to extract related information from the memory of the auxiliary processor and return it to the central processor, while the central processor is independently proceeding with the execution of other routines.

4. A communication switching system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the memory of the auxiliary processor is used as an extended memory for storing programs which upon request from the central processor are transferred to the central processor memory for execution, the transfer being effected without interference with the simultaneous processing of other routines by the central processor.

5. A communication switching system as claimed in claim 4, wherein said auxiliary processor is a drum memory system in which its memory comprises magnetic drum means.

6. A communication switching system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said data transfer means interconnecting the central processor and the register subsystem comprises means for a direct access from the central processor to the register memory on a random access basis, with means to prevent interference with the sequential access by the register subsystem to the junctor areas in the respective time slots.

7. A communication switching system as claimed in claim 6, wherein said common logic means of the register subsystem includes wired logic with sequence control means.

8. A communication switching system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said originating marker means and terminating marker means each include wired logic apparatus with sequence control means, and wherein said data communication means interconnecting the central processor with the originating marker means and the terminating marker means comprises serial data transmission apparatus.

9. A communication switching system as claimed in claim 8, wherein said register subsystem includes sending means for outpulsing on calls to other offices; wherein for all the dial pulse mode of direct current signaling, there is an arrangement comprising multiplex means to effectively connect the common logic means and the register junctors during their respective time slots for receiving and sending from or to relay repeating means in the register junctors;

wherein for tone signaling comprising a combination of tones for each digit, there are provided receivers and senders and a switching matrix for selectively connecting them to the register junctors, each receiver or sender being accessed on a time-division multiplex basis from the common logic during the time slot associated with the register junctor to which it is connected.

10. A communication switching system as claimed in claim 9, wherein said central processor and said register subsystem are each provided in duplicate and operated in synchronism to process the same call information, with each central processor normally communicating with a given one of the register subsystems, one of the central processor-register subsystem combinations being on line to supply output information ot other subsystems, and wherein the system may be reconfigured with either central processor communicating with either register subsystem, and any combination of them being on line to supply output information.

11. A communication switching system as claimed in claim 10, wherein said originating marker means is duplicated with both operating simultaneously, interlocked so that any given call request is served by only one originating marker; and wherein said terminating marker means is duplicated and arranged to operate only one at a time, with reconfiguration means permitting either originating marker means or either terminating marker means to be temporarily taken out of service.

12. A communication switching system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said data processing unit includes an auxiliary system with its own memory, the auxiliary system being duplicated, with both or either central processor working with either auxiliary system.

13. A communication switching system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the system includes a control section comprising one said data processing unit and either one or two said register subsystems depending upon the call processing traffic load of the system, and wherein in a control section comprising two register subsystems said data transfer means comprises an arrangement for the central processor to selectively communicate with the register memories of both register subsystems.