U.S. patent number 3,834,035 [Application Number 05/250,983] was granted by the patent office on 1974-09-10 for gun sight structure in firearms.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Moroni Corporation. Invention is credited to Alvin S. Merrill.
United States Patent |
3,834,035 |
Merrill |
September 10, 1974 |
GUN SIGHT STRUCTURE IN FIREARMS
Abstract
Gun sight structure for firearms having sight-gap and
sight-elevation adjustments, with miscellaneous, accommodating,
adjustment, and sight pattern structures. The sight includes an
inclined ramp feature wherein the sight may be raised and lowered
in an appropriate manner. Threaded means accommodate
sight-centering as to sight-gap and equal distance of sight
opening. Adjustment means is also provided.
Inventors: |
Merrill; Alvin S. (Riverton,
UT) |
Assignee: |
Moroni Corporation (Salt Lake
City, UT)
|
Family
ID: |
22949991 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/250,983 |
Filed: |
May 8, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
42/133; 42/137;
42/145 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41G
1/26 (20130101); F41G 1/28 (20130101); F41G
1/16 (20130101); F41G 1/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F41G
1/16 (20060101); F41G 1/26 (20060101); F41G
1/00 (20060101); F41G 1/08 (20060101); F41G
1/28 (20060101); F41g 001/08 (); F41g 001/16 ();
F41g 001/32 () |
Field of
Search: |
;33/251,252,258,241,233 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Prince; Louis R.
Assistant Examiner: Stearns; Richard R.
Claims
I claim:
1. Rear sight structure including, in combination, a sight
constructed for mounting to a firearm barrel, said sight including
a transversely oriented base, a pair of transversely spaced,
upstanding sight elements slideably mounted on said base and
constructed to form with the upper surface of said base a
quick-fire, short-range sighting gap, means carried by said base
and engaging said sight elements for adjusting the horizontal
spacing therebetween, said base including a medially disposed,
long-range-peep sight hole vertically spaced below the gap formed
by said sight elements.
2. Sight structure for a firearm having a barrel, said sight
structure including, in combination, a front sight and a rear sight
spaced rearwardly thereof, said front sight including a first pair
of adjustable gap-forming sighting elements, a post upstanding
centrally behind such gap, and means for adjusting the horizontal
spacing between said first pair of sighting elements, said rear
sight including a second pair of sighting elements, which together
with said upper surface of said base form a sighting gap, a peep
sight hole disposed in said base centrally beneath such gap, and
means for adjusting the horizontal spacing of said second pair of
sighting elements, said front and rear sights including luminous
sighting markings constructed for horizontal alignment when the
user is sighting an object.
3. Structure according to claim 2 wherein said front sight includes
a central marking disposed centrally of and beneath said respective
sight elements.
Description
The present invention relates to gun sight structures and, more
particularly, to new and improved gun sight structures for
firearms, accomplishing a number of objectives among which are
calibrated variation in sight-gaps, alignment structure, sighting
pattern structure, and adjustable elevation apparatus.
Accordingly, a principal object of the present invention is to
provide new and improved sight structure.
A further object is to provide sight structure wherein the
sighting-gap or gaps may be made adjustable.
A further object is to provide improved sighting structure wherein
the sighting-gap thereof is made horizontally adjustable and also
centered for all adjustments.
An additional object is to provide improved sighting structure for
effecting desired sighting patterns.
An additional object is to provide an improved sighting structure
wherein means are provided to effect elevation adjustment of the
sighting mechanism.
An additional object is to provide a composite sighting structure
wherein both peep and post sights and also wide gap sighting means
are simultaneously provided.
A further object of the invention is to provide peep and post sight
structure in combination with wide gap, quick firing structure.
An additional object is to provide for adjustments of sighting
structure along the longitudinal axis of a firearm barrel.
The features of the present invention may best be understood by
reference to the following description taken in connection with the
accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of certain rear sight structure
constructed in accordance with the principles of the present
invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an adjustment tool and its components
used to adjust the structure of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary, perspective section taken along the line
3--3 in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged, partially sectioned detail taken along the
arcuate line 4--4 in FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged, exploded perspective view of certain
adjustment structure illustrated in the left-hand portion of FIGS.
1 and 7.
FIG. 6 is a view taken along the line 6--6 illustrating the
co-action of the parts of FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is similar to FIG. 1, comprises the same identical
structure, but illustrates the wide-gap sighting mechanism as being
essentially closed and the same elevated upon the ramp of the
sighting structure.
FIG. 8 is a front elevation, principally in section, of the
adjustment screw usable to vary the horizontal distance between
sight elements comprising the wide-gap sight structure.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of certain sight structure
comprising the front side of the firearm.
FIG. 10 is similar to FIG. 9, shows the identical structure, but
illustrates the same as having an essentially closed or narrow gap
sight opening and also a centering of the sighting structure over
the mounting portion of the sight secured to the barrel of the
firearm.
FIG. 11 is a view taken along the line 11--11, is shown principally
in section, but illustrates sighting post orientation and a
mounting.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view indicating the means in which and the
manner by which, the sighting post is maintained in selected,
adjustable, vertical disposition.
FIG. 13 is a view, principally in section, of the structure of FIG.
9, the same is centered over the firearm barrel and the structure
is adjusted for wide-gap disposition.
FIG. 14 is an enlarged, exploded view of a central portion of the
sighting structure of FIG. 9, indicating structure by which an
indexing or marking may be achieved.
FIG. 15 illustrates a sighting arrangement as viewed by the user
when the sights of FIGS. 1 and 9 are aligned and are being sighted
upon an object.
In FIG. 1 a rear sight 10 slides by a lower, central, under-cut
aperture 12, disposed in base member 11, upon a longitudinal barrel
rib 39, see FIGS. 3 and 7, which is contiguous with barrel
periphery aperture 13. Aperture 13, of course, mounts over and is
contiguous with the transverse peripheral surface of the gun
barrel. Under-cut aperture or groove 12, will of course co-act with
a corresponding rib 39 disposed longitudinally of and over the top
of a conventional gun barrel. A rear gun sight slider 14 includes a
slider base 15, itself also including a central downwardly facing
under-cut slot 16, see FIG. 7. The slider base 15 is provided with
a diamond-shaped peep opening 17 oriented in the position shown
such that the apices thereof, as at A, line up with respective
markings B. The peep sight 17, of course, will proceed completely
through the slider base 15 in a horizontal direction.
A pair of cooperating sighting elements 18, 18' serve as what is
termed a "night expander" or gap-sight means for purposes
hereinafter set forth. At this point in the discussion it is
sufficient merely to note that elements 18 and 18' merely co-act
together to either reduce or widen the sight opening between walls
19 and 19' thereof. These elements 18 and 18', thus, are positioned
to slide upon a keying, wedgelike, cross protuberance 20 which
proceeds transversely, completely along the top of slider base 15.
Centering markings 21 and 22 are provided as indexes of the rear
wall 23 of base 15. These serve as indexes as hereinafter will be
pointed out. Markings 24 and 25 serve as distance or width
indications relative to elements 18 and 18' so that one may easily
determine from the markings as to how wide a distance D is provided
between these elements. An adjustable screw member 26 includes a
coin end slot 26' suitable for actuation as by a coin or by tool
27, see FIG. 2. The latter tool may include an allen wrench 28,
usable alone as a screw adjustment piece, and provided with an end
fitting 29". The same is slotted at 30 to receive a slide key 31.
The ends 32 of slot key 31 may be designed to fit into the key
recesses 26' of the screw 26, but primarily is designed for other
purposes as will appear below.
Thus while the tool 27 may conceivably be used for rotating the
screw 26, nonetheless it may well be preferred to simply use the
end E" of the allen wrench in a provided allen wrench recess 26" in
a screw, see FIG. 7.
Coin end slots 28, as shown, may be provided for conveniently
rotating a second adjustment screw, screw 29, about its axis as by
means of a dime. For some applications of adjustment of some parts,
and returning to FIG. 2, member 31 will be flush with the outside
surface 33 of fitting 29".
FIG. 3 thus illustrates the adjustment screw 29 which is
transversely disposed in a corresponding non-threaded aperture 29"
in base 11. Thus, the screw 29 includes a head 30 coin slotted for
implement insertion to effect adjustment screw rotation. A keeper
32 is installed within the enlarged bore 33 so as to provide a
retention surface 34 for compression spring 35. C-retainer 36 fits
into a corresponding transverse peripheral groove (not shown) so as
to serve as an inner-abutment for spring 35. Threads 37 are
provided to selectively engage a selected one of plural threaded
apertures 38 in gun barrel rib 39, disposed upon an integral with
the gun barrel 40. End 41' is turned down so as to provide a feeler
point for the threaded aperture selected.
The adjustment screw 29, therefore, serves as a positioner or
keeper and the spring 35 is employed to assure that vibration or
jarring will not tend to release the engagement of the screw 29
with rib 39.
FIG. 4 illustrates, in enlarged, fragmentary, perspective view, a
representative inner portion of the inner wall W of a
representative element 18, 18'. Thus, a slot 41 may be provided to
receive a marker element 42. Roll pin 43 may be installed to secure
the marker element 42 in position within its slot. It is noted that
the marker element may include an inwardly directed marker portion
44 having a recess 45 receiving a coloring element 46. The coloring
element may in fact simply comprise a paint spot, an illuminous
patch, an illuminous paint portion, and so forth.
In returning to FIG. 1 it is seen that base member 11 includes a
pair of opposite inclined ramps 48 and 49, with the latter
including an upstanding rack portion 50. This is to say, a series
of rack or "screw" teeth 51 are provided for purposes hereafter
explained.
It will be noted that the slide base 15 is constructed at base
surfaces E, F to slide up the ramps 48, 49, and to be adjusted in
place by index 51 relative to markings 52'. An adjustment screw 52
is employed for this purpose, see FIGS. 1 and 5, with the screw 52
including an allen wrench recess 53, a threaded portion 54, a coin
end slot 55, a head 56, and a medial, peripheral recess 57. The
recess 57 accommodates the upstanding aligned ears 58 and 59 of
element 60. Element 60 is secured in place by any suitable
attachment means to slider base 15. Thus, as will usually be the
case, the element 60 will be pressed into a corresponding aperture
53 into base 15, see FIG. 6. A spring-backed ball check 54' is
seated within element 60 and is constructed to engage a selected
one of plural ball seats or detents 61 spacedly disposed upon head
56. The purpose of the adjustment screw 52 is to releasably and
selectively fix the disposition at slider base 15 relative to base
member 11. Thus, the sight elements 18 and 18' may be moved from
the position shown in FIG. 1 upwardly, by virtue of movement of
their base 15 to a new position as shown in FIG. 7 as accomplished
through the rotative adjustment of adjustment screw 52.
Additionally, for closing or reducing the distance D, the
adjustment screw at 26 can be rotated such that the two sides 19
and 19' of elements 18, 18' come together as seen in FIG. 7.
FIG. 8 illustrates the double-threaded nature of screw 26 such that
by rotation in a particular direction, the two elements 18 and 18'
will mutually advance toward or be withdrawn from each other.
Accordingly, FIGS. 1 through 8 have illustrated the construction of
a rear sight on a chosen gun barrel, with the diamond-shaped peep
being intact and accessible and operable at all times and for all
adjustments (note viewing channel V in base member 11).
Importantly, the gap expander sight can be elevated and lowered,
opened and closed, as desired. See FIGS. 1 and 7 in this regard.
Again, the horizontal distance between the two elements 18 and 18'
is adjustable by adjustment screw 26. Positioning along the ramps
48 and 49 is determined by the rack-engaging adjustment screw 52.
Finally, the entire unit may be locked in place in a chosen rib
aperture of the gun by means of locking screw 29.
In FIG. 9 boss mount 64 includes upstanding slide surfaces 65 and
66 which are co-planar and are disposed on opposite sides of a
wedge-shaped portion 67. The latter includes a cylindrical recess
or depression 68 which serves to seat an adjustment screw 69. The
latter is single-threaded and is rotatable in opposite directions
to advance, for windage, base 70 of sighting means 71. Sighting
means 71 also includes elements 72 and 72' , similar to elements 18
and 18' , which are slideably disposed upon an undercut, upstanding
wedge portion 73 of base 70. Adjustment screw 74 is similar to
adjustment screw 26 in FIG. 1 and operates in essentially the same
manner, being double-threaded in the manner shown in FIG. 8 wherein
a single rotation will accomplish an equal and opposite movement of
sighting elements 72 and 72' .
FIG. 10 illustrates the sighting wide gap (18, 18' ) structure of
FIG. 9 in closed position, and with the windage adjustment this
time being made such that the sight is centrally located relative
the boss mount 64. The elements 75 may be exactly identical to
elements 42 in FIG. 1.
If desired, and generally this will be the case, the base 70 will
be provided with an upstanding post 76, as seen in FIG. 11. Post 76
is detailed in FIG. 12 and is shown to include one, two, or more
side longitudinal slots 77. It will be observed that, here, two
slots are used and are disposed diametrically on opposite sides of
post 76. It is seen in FIG. 11 that the post 76 is threaded into a
central aperture 78 of base 70. The post, thus, may be assembled
either from the bottom or from the top of base 70 but, in any
event, upon final desired adjustment, will be retained in a desired
place by virtue of a spring-biased retainer element 79 as backed by
spring 80. See the exploded view shown in FIG. 12. A threaded plug
81 includes an allen wrench fitting 82 and is threaded into
transverse threaded aperture 83 disposed in base 70.
FIG. 13 is an elevation principally in section and taken along the
line 13--13 in FIG. 10, illustrating the adjustment screws
heretofore explained and, in addition, showing a plug type lock 76'
which presses down against gun barrel 40. The plug may be backed by
a shortened screw 81' that is laterally engaged by keeper 82' in
FIG. 13. The same may be backed by spring 83 and the latter secured
in place by threaded plug 84. Plug 84, of course, is threaded into
threaded aperture 85 and includes an allen screw wrench opening 86.
Apertures 87 and 88 may be provided and include springs 89 and 90
engaging ball 91 and 92 and aperture plugs 93 and 94. The keepers
may in their own right be metal balls, if desired. In any event,
screw 69 includes a peripheral recess 95 and has mutually spaced
medial depressions 96 for ball engagement, whereas the spherical
groove 97 incorporates ball engagement recesses 98. Hence, what is
provided is a spring-loaded detent for each of the adjustment
screws.
What the structure provides, therefore, in this regard is a "click
feel" such that a user may select one, two or three clicks, as
small, intermediate or large individual adjustments; depending of
course upon the positioning of the ball depressions and the
dimensions of the parts, as well as the screw pitch and the travel
desired, a variety of number of "clicks" may be provided for. In
FIG. 13 it is noted that three slots as well as allen screw
depressions as at C and D are provided each of the screws at their
respective screw ends. This provision is likewise provided relative
to the adjustment screws shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 14 illustrates that for night use there may be provided in the
raised portion 73, see FIG. 9, an undercut slot 99 which may be
provided with a luminescent or other luminous material at 100.
Insert 101 is apertured at 102 to provide an index margin in the
shape of an arrow. This will serve to mask off and yet visually
reveal the luminous dot 100. Such an index marking 102, in
combination with the luminous paint or other material at 100, will
assist in night firing of the fire arm. Thus, see FIG. 15, the
manner in which the structure can be used relative to the front
sight for night firing contemplates the concept of actually
centering the target between elements 75 on opposite sides of the
front sight and above the index marking formed by element 101.
Accordingly, for night use it will be seen that the firing display
will be observed, with dots X, luminous paints, fiber optics, or
other, being observed on the outside; luminous dots Y of the front
sight being on the inside, and with mask 102 forming dot 103 of
luminous paint 100, being disposed underneath the sighted
target.
In operation, what is presented in connection with the front sight
is an adjustment for windage, see FIG. 9, an adjustment for sight
gap, see FIGS. 10 and 13, and also a composite sighting
configuration which, in conjunction with the sighting dots of the
rear sight of FIG. 1, offer an effective sighting pattern, as
illustrated in FIG. 15.
Post 76 and tip E' thereof can be positioned vertically such as to
be useful not only for sighting in connection with the
diamond-shaped sight 17, in FIG. 1, but also assume a point
elevation E' which will be regularly useful in connection with the
gap sight as provided by elements 72 and 72' , with the diagonal
peep sight at 17, and also is useful in connection with the pattern
of FIG. 15.
The tool of FIG. 2, as shown in exploded view is useful in
adjusting the post sight 76 and FIG. 12, this by the portions 32
engaging the slot 77 in the post sight. All of the allen screws, in
fact, may be adjusted by recourse through the tool 27 in FIG. 2,
where the same are provided with either the coin slots, or provided
with allen wrench recesses, and so forth.
It is seen that the present invention provides a double-open sight
that may be adjusted laterally and which may be used either day or
night for "quick kill" situations, this by increasing or decreasing
said gap on either front or rear sights, or a combination of the
two, according to the light and range requirements of the shooter.
The same can be used as a combination of sights quickly and
effectively by the shooter according to the ambient light
situation.
While particular embodiments of the invention have been shown and
described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art the
various changes and modifications which may be made without
departing from the essential features of the present invention and,
therefore, the aim in the appended claims is to cover all such
changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope
of the invention.
* * * * *