U.S. patent number 3,833,300 [Application Number 05/360,282] was granted by the patent office on 1974-09-03 for three "d" weapons sight.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy. Invention is credited to William H. Rymes.
United States Patent |
3,833,300 |
Rymes |
September 3, 1974 |
THREE "D" WEAPONS SIGHT
Abstract
An improved sighting device for projectile launchers that are
mounted on a oving vehicle includes a dual parabolic visor slidably
positioned on a helmet. The visor is in the form of two parabolas;
and when locked in position, one parabola is in front of each eye
of the wearer. The focal point of each parabola is at a prescribed
point on the upper leading edge of the helmet opening. Fiber optic
bundles, located at each focal point are connected to cathode-ray
tubes and project a series of dots on to the visor in front of each
eye of the wearer to simulate, in three dimensions, the trajectory
of a projectile, if the projectile were fired at any given
time.
Inventors: |
Rymes; William H. (Arlington,
VA) |
Assignee: |
The United States of America as
represented by the Secretary of the Navy (Washington,
DC)
|
Family
ID: |
23417349 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/360,282 |
Filed: |
May 14, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
356/13; 2/10;
89/41.22; 356/247; 359/630; 348/53; 348/804 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01J
29/89 (20130101); G02B 27/0172 (20130101); G02B
30/35 (20200101); G02B 27/0093 (20130101); G02B
2027/0156 (20130101); G02B 27/017 (20130101); G02B
2027/0132 (20130101); H01J 2229/8903 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01J
29/89 (20060101); G02B 27/22 (20060101); G02B
27/01 (20060101); G02B 27/00 (20060101); G02B
6/04 (20060101); G02b 027/22 () |
Field of
Search: |
;2/10
;350/96R,96B,293,298,200 ;356/247,13 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Corbin; John K.
Assistant Examiner: Evans; F. L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sciascia; R. S. Schneider; P.
Rothman; R.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A sight comprising:
a support;
a dual parabolic visor mounted on the support;
a pair of fiber optic bundles, each bundle having one end located
at a focal point of one of the parabolas defined by the visor;
and
a pair of cathode-ray tubes connected to the other ends of the
fiber optic bundles for projecting on each part of the dual visor a
two-dimensional path representing the flight path of a projectile
if it were simultaneously launched, so that a viewer looking
through the visor would see the two paths stereoscopically as a
single path extending outward from the visor.
2. The sight of claim 1 wherein said support is a helmet and the
cathode-ray tubes are mounted on the helmet.
3. The sight of claim 2 wherein said helmet has a visor guard
mounted thereon and said visor is slidably connected to said visor
guard.
4. The sight of claim 3 wherein said visor is smoked to partially
attenuate the light passing therethrough.
5. A method of aiming a weapon system, employing a dual, parabolic
visor, comprising the steps of:
projecting on each parabola defined by said visor, from the focal
point of each parabola, a two-dimensional path representing the
flight path of a projectile if it were instantaneously launched,
the two paths when viewed by an observer who is wearing the visor
forming a stereoscopic line which appears to extend in front of
him;
peering through the visor to determine if the stereoscopic line
defined by the projected paths intersects a target; and
adjusting the aim of the weapon system until the stereoscopic line
intersects the target.
6. In combination with a weapons system and connected computer for
deriving a representative, two-dimensional path of a projectile
fired instantaneously from the weapons system and a pair of
cathode-ray tubes for displaying that path, the improvement
comprising:
a helmet
a dual parabolic visor mounted on the helmet; and
means for projecting the path displayed on the cathode-ray tubes
from the focal point of each parabola defined by said visor on to
each parabolic section of said visor.
7. The combination of claim 6 wherein said helmet includes a visor
guard and said visor is slidably mounted on said visor guard.
8. The combination of claim 6 wherein said projection means
comprises a pair of fiber optic bundles, each bundle having one end
located at the focal point of one of said parabolas and the other
end connected to one of said cathode-ray tubes.
9. A method of aiming a sensor system, employing a dual parabolic
visor, comprising the steps of:
projecting on each parabola defined by said visor, from the focal
point of each parabola, a two-dimensional path representing the
optimum acquisition path of the sensor, the two paths when viewed
by an observer who is wearing the visor forming a stereoscopic line
which appears to extend in front of him;
peering through the visor to determine if the stereoscopic line
defined by the projected paths intersects a predetermined area;
and
adjusting the orientation of the sensor system until the
stereoscopic path intersects the area.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to aiming systems and
especially to an improved sight for projectile launchers.
The ability of an observer to appreciate distance and the
three-dimensional properties of objects depends upon a phenomenon
known as stereoscopic vision. Stereoscopic vision is physiological
in origin and depends on the brain to fuse two images, formed on
the individual retinas of a person's eyes. The two eyes view an
object from slightly different angles, and the two images are
combined in the brain to give a sensation of shape or form and a
capability to resolve differences in range or spacing.
At present there are two primary ways of determining the correct
point in time to fire guns, rockets, or high velocity projectiles.
The first is by means of a servoed sight; and the second is by
means of a simulated bullet, projectile or rocket path as displayed
on a headup, see-through sight. Both systems are limited to lead
angle only and depend on either range bars or radar tracking for
firing range criteria. Certain drawbacks are associated with these
systems such as the necessity to have prior knowledge of target
size to set the range bars, the settling time of the radar, and the
settling time of a servoed sight.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention eliminates the need to have prior knowledge
of target size, settling time of the radar, and settling time of a
servoed sight, by projecting a series of dots on to the visor of a
helmet in front of each eye of the wearer to simulate in three
dimensions the trajectory of a projectile at any instantaneous
firing. A computer system of known design calculates and controls
the projection of the dots. The wearer will perceive a line or
series of dots, because of his stereoscopic vision, that appears to
extend out in front of his launcher. The system may also be
employed to properly align radar or other sensing devices.
An object of the present invention is to provide firing criteria
for guns and launch criteria for missiles, rockets, and high
velocity projectiles.
Another object is to provide a method of positioning radar antennas
for early target acquisition and other sensors of various
types.
Other objects, advantages, and novel features of the present
invention will become apparent from the following detailed
description of the invention when considered in conjunction with
the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic of a helmet employing the present
invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic of a top of the helmet depicting the shape of
the visor; and
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the paths projected on the visor in
front of each eye.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1, which illustrates a preferred embodiment of the sight,
shows a helmet 2 having a visor guard 4 mounted thereon. The visor
guard 4 may be connected with any suitable adhesive to the top of
the helmet 2 and forms a hollow chamber 6 therewith. Within the
chamber 6 is a dual parabolic visor 8 slidably connected to the
visor guard 4 by a lock nut 10. The lock nut 10 may, for example,
pass through a slot (not shown) in visor guard 4. When the nut 10
is loosened, visor 8 may be moved to the position indicated by the
broken line in front of the wearer's eyes. The lock nut 10 may then
be tightened to rigidly position the visor.
The visor 8 is shaped in the form of two parabolas which, when in
the position indicated by the broken line, are positioned in front
of each eye. The focal point of each parabola is at a prescribed
point on the upper leading edge of the helmet opening. A pair of
cathode-ray tubes 14, only one of which is shown in the side view
of FIG. 1, are located at the lower edges of the helmet 2 to lower
the center of gravity. A pair of coherent, fiber optic bundles 16,
only one of which is shown in FIG. 1, are connected at one of their
ends to the cathode-ray tubes 14, and their other ends terminate at
the focal points 18 of each parabola defined by the visor 8. The
actual shape of the visor 8 can better be seen in FIG. 2, which
depicts the two parabolas formed by the visor 8 and the fiber optic
bundles 16 each of which have one of their ends located at a focal
point of one of the parabolas.
In operation, each cathode-ray tube 14 will project on to the
termination of the respective fiber optic bundle 16, a simulated,
two-dimensional path that the bullets, rockets projectiles, or
sensor beams would follow should they be activated by the wearer at
any moment of time. Those paths 22 will be projected from the focal
point of each parabola on the visor as shown in FIG. 3 and
reflected from the visor's surface. The display will be a
computer-generated, two-dimensional path and will be a function of
platform motion along with the bullet's, rocket's or projectile's
ballistic characteristics or sensor characteristics. To compensate
for movement of the wearer's head from boresight, sensors 20,
connected to the helmet and known in the art, will provide helmet
position, so that the display as viewed by the pilot will always
coincide with the actual projected path of the projectile or sensor
beam. The pilot will perceive a line or series of dots, because of
his stereoscopic vision, that appear to extend out in front of his
aircraft. He will visualize a stream, not unlike a stream of water
from a garden hose, extending out toward the target. When the
stream coincides with the target the system is properly aimed for
actuation.
On those systems employing missiles the cathode-ray tubes can be
selected by logic to display an optimum launch envelope or sighting
reticle as the situation demands. As those skilled in the art would
recognize, the system as shown has wide flexibility and could also
be used to position radar antennas for early target acquisition and
sensors of various types. In the case of sensors or radar, the
computer would simply use the directional characteristics of the
radar or sensor to project a two-dimensional, optimum acquisition
path on the visor 8.
A reflective coating may be placed on the visor 8 to enhance the
reflection of the paths projected from the fiber optic bundles. In
addition, the visor may be smoked to cut down on glare. The system
may be used with aircraft or other movable projectile launchers or
sensor systems.
Obviously many modification and variations of the present invention
are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be
understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the
invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically
described.
* * * * *