U.S. patent number 3,831,960 [Application Number 05/309,730] was granted by the patent office on 1974-08-27 for pivotable support for a chair for semi-invalids.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Eugene S. Durigan. Invention is credited to Nelson R. Walton.
United States Patent |
3,831,960 |
Walton |
August 27, 1974 |
PIVOTABLE SUPPORT FOR A CHAIR FOR SEMI-INVALIDS
Abstract
A rotatable support or platform is provided on which a chair may
be placed and used by a semi-invalid or other partially
incapacitated person and which may be turned or rotated by such
person.
Inventors: |
Walton; Nelson R. (Tamaqua,
PA) |
Assignee: |
Durigan; Eugene S. (Lehighton,
PA)
|
Family
ID: |
23199428 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/309,730 |
Filed: |
November 27, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
280/79.11;
280/47.16 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61G
5/00 (20130101); B62B 5/04 (20130101); A61H
3/04 (20130101); A61H 2201/1633 (20130101); A61H
2003/046 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61H
3/00 (20060101); A61H 3/04 (20060101); A61G
5/00 (20060101); B62B 5/04 (20060101); B62B
5/00 (20060101); B62b 005/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;280/79.1,47.16,47.35,79.2 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Song; Robert R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Caser; A. H.
Claims
In the light of the foregoing description, the following is
claimed:
1. A rotatable support for a chair for a semi-invalid comprising a
level platform having a non-skid upper surface for supporting a
chair thereon, said platform having a lip along each side edge
which projects above the surface of the platform,
a centrally located, elongated, narrow recess in the platform, a
floor-engaging wheel operatively disposed in the recess and
rotatably supported therein by a shaft which extends from each side
of the hub of said wheel, means on the shaft on each side of the
wheel for maintaining the wheel substantially centered in said
recess, means on each side of the wheel for supporting the shaft on
the underside of the platform, and means for preventing rotation of
the shaft,
a lever supported on the underside of the platform having an inner
end portion pivotally connected to said platform, spring means for
holding the lever in contact with the wheel, thereby braking the
wheel against rotation over the floor, said lever having an outer
end portion extending a short distance beyond a side edge of the
platform and serving as a handle to move the lever against the
action of the spring means out of braking engagement with the
wheel, and stop means adjacent said handle for holding the lever
out of braking engagement,
a pivotable caster mounted on said platform underside adjacent each
corner thereof,
said casters, in the absence of the wheel, supporting the platform
a given distance above the floor in a disposition parallel to the
floor, and said wheel being of such height as to space the
platform, in said disposition parallel to the floor, a distance
above the floor which exceeds said given distance,
said platform being able to support said chair with the two front
legs of the chair positioned immediately adjacent the lip along one
edge of the platform and with the two back legs of the chair spaced
away from the opposite edge of the platform, thereby placing the
weight of the chair, and of an occupant thereof, more toward said
one edge than said opposite edge with the result that the platform
is tilted and, with the chair and occupant, is supported on three
points comprising the wheel and the two casters beneath said one
edge of the platform while the two casters beneath said opposite
edge are lifted out of contact with the floor,
and the occupant, by shifting his weight toward said back legs and
by pushing against a nearby object such as a table, and with said
wheel braked, being able to balance said platform on the wheel only
and then to rotate the platform away from said table using the
wheel as a pivot.
2. A pivotable support for a chair comprising a platform having a
non-skid upper surface for supporting a chair thereon and having a
lip along at least front and back edges thereof which projects
above said surface, said platform extending from end to end and
from side to side of said support,
rotatable platform-support means extending from the platform to the
floor having a non-skid floor-engaging surface, and means for
securing said support means to the platform,
a plurality of pivotable casters on said platform for supporting
the same, said casters, in the absence of said support means,
supporting the platform a given distance above the floor in a
disposition substantially parallel to the floor, and said support
means being of such height as to space the platform, in said
disposition parallel to the floor, a distance above the floor which
exceeds said given distance,
said platform being able to support said chair with the two front
legs of the chair immediately adjacent the lip along said front
edge of the platform, thereby placing the weight of the chair, and
of an occupant thereof, more toward said front edge than said back
edge with the result that the platform is tilted and, with the
chair and occupant, is stably supported at three locations
comprising said support means and two casters beneath said front
edge of the platform while the casters beneath said back edge are
lifted out of contact with the floor,
braking means on the platform engageable with said rotatable
platform-support means, thereby enabling the platform, during
pivoting, to be substantially prevented from moving relatively to
the floor area occupied by said support means,
and said occupant, by shifting his weight toward said back legs of
the chair and by pushing against a nearby object such as a table,
being able to balance the platform on said support means only and
then to pivot the platform.
3. The chair support of claim 2 wherein said platform-support means
is a wheel, and the platform and wheel are pivotable together.
4. The chair support of claim 2 wherein said platform-support means
is a ball.
5. The chair support of claim 2 wherein said platform has a
generally square outline shape, has a substantially level upper
surface, and is provided with a raised lip along each side edge
thereof to help retain said chair thereon.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
(1) The field of the invention comprises a device for use by
partially incapacitated but still ambulatory persons which aims to
make the use of chairs by them less dependent on help from others.
(2) So far as is known, the invention is new. Wheel chairs are, of
course, known for the purposes contemplated herein, i.e., they
enable a user to turn or rotate the chair by himself, as when
sitting at a table or desk, but they are costly, involving an
outlay of several hundred dollars; and they are bulky to store. By
contrast, the device of the invention is inexpensive, costing only
a small fraction of the price of a wheel chair, say only one-tenth
as much, and it is decidedly less bulky; thus, when not in use, it
lends itself to temporary storage by simply leaning it against a
wall. The device can be used with a variety of conventional chairs,
including lounge chairs, and thus gets away from the fixed and
often tiresome seat provided by a wheel chair.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The device of the invention is a rotatable support for a chair
comprising a platform having a non-skid upper surface for
supporting the chair and a chair-retaining lip along at least front
and back edges thereof which projects above the platform surface.
Substantially centrally disposed support means for the platform are
present, extending from the platform to the floor, together with
means for securing the same to the platform. A plurality of
pivotable casters also support the platform, and if said support
means were absent, the casters would space the platform a given
distance above the floor in a disposition substantially parallel to
the floor; the support means, however, are of such height as to
space the platform, in said disposition parallel to the floor, a
distance above the floor which exceeds said given distance. In use,
the device is intended to support a chair with the two front legs
of the chair adjacent one edge of the platform, while the two back
legs are spaced away from the opposite or back edge of the
platform, thereby placing the weight of the chair, and of an
occupant thereof, more toward said one or front edge, with the
result that the platform is tilted and, with the chair and
occupant, is stably supported on three locations comprising said
support means and two casters beneath said one or front edge of the
platform. The two casters beneath the back edge are lifted out of
contact with the floor. By shifting his weight toward the said back
edge, and by pushing against a nearby object such as a table or
desk, the occupant is able to balance the platform on the support
means only and then to turn or rotate it as desired.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which
are more or less diagrammatic, and in which
FIG. 1 is a top or plan view of the device;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view, somewhat enlarged, along line 3--3 of
FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a detail of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partial view of a modification of the platform-support
means;
FIG. 6 is a view of FIG. 5 looking along the arrow A; and
FIG. 7 is a partial view of another modification of the
platform-support means.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIGS. 1-3, the chair support 10 is shown as having a
platform 11 of substantially square outline shape, although any
suitable shape is useful, including a rectangular shape with
right-angled or rounded corners, a square shape with rounded
corners, a circular shape, and the like. A raised lip 12 extends
around the periphery of the platform and projects above its surface
11a; it may have a quarter round cross section, as in FIG. 3, or it
may simply be a vertical wall, or it may have any suitable cross
section. Preferably the surface 11a is level. The lip helps prevent
a chair from accidentally sliding off the platform. A substantially
centrally located, narrow, elongated recess 13 is formed in the
platform into which the platform-support means, comprising wheel
14, extends. The wheel is rotatably mounted on a shaft 15 which
extends for a short distance to each side of hub 16, the latter
being provided with conventional bearings, not shown. Means on the
shaft in the form of bushings 17, 18, which are preferably of
rubber, help keep the wheel substantially centered in the recess;
means on each side of the wheel, comprising the hangers 19, 20,
support the shaft on the platform underside 11b; and means on each
side of the wheel, comprising the square nuts 21, 22, prevent
rotation of the shaft.
Braking means for the wheel are present, preferably on the platform
underside, and comprise a lever 25 having an inner end portion 26
pivotally connected to the platform at 27. The lever is supported
by a pair of strips 28, 29, which are fastened to the platform by
wood screws. Spring means 30, one end of which engages lever 25 at
opening 31 and the other end of which is anchored at pin 32, acts
to hold the lever in braking position, i.e., in contact with wheel
14, thereby preventing the wheel from rolling over the floor but
not preventing pivoting movement of the platform about the point or
area of contact of the wheel with the floor. Lever 25 has an outer
end portion 33 which extends a short distance beyond the side 34 of
the platform and which serves as a handle to move the lever,
against the action of the coil spring, out of braking engagement
with the wheel. Thus, when the lever is moved to its broken line
position, indicated at 25a, it is no longer in braking engagement
and may be held in such position by engaging it with stop means in
the form of the pin or lug 35. When it is desired to move the lever
into braking position, it is simply moved over the end of lug 35,
note FIG. 3, the lever having sufficient spring action to permit
the latter movement.
On and off positions for the brake are indicated on the upper side
of the platform at 36, 37, note FIG. 1, for the convenience of the
platform user.
On the underside of the platform are mounted a plurality of
pivotable casters, four in this case, identified as 40, 41, 42, and
43, which support the platform. Considering caster 40, which is
provided with permanently lubricated ball bearings, not shown, it
is formed with a metal ball portion 40a having a tire or tread 40b
preferably of rubber or plastic. It has a sleeve 40c in which a
short shaft 40d is engaged, the sleeve and ball portion being
rotatable about the shaft. The latter is shown somewhat extended,
for more clarity, although actually it is of shorter length. The
shaft is fixed to a plate 40e which is attached to the platform.
The other casters are identical to caster 40. Casters of this type
are made by Shepherd Casters, Inc. of Benton Harbor, Mich. However,
any other suitable caster may be used provided it is pivotable, and
this includes wheel and ball type casters; preferably, the type
chosen is provided with bearings.
As indicated, if the wheel 14 were absent, the casters would
support the platform a given distance above the floor in a
disposition substantially parallel to the floor. The wheel,
however, is of such height and size, and is so supported, as to
space the platform, in said disposition parallel to the floor, a
distance above the floor which exceeds said given distance by an
amount indicated as AB in FIG. 3.
As described, the platform supports a chair, the four legs of which
are shown in broken lines at 45, 46, 47, and 48 in FIGS. 1 and 3,
with the front legs 45, 46 at the edge 49 of the platform, which
may be designated the front edge, while the opposite edge 50 may be
designated the back edge. The front legs are positioned immediately
adjacent, and preferably in contact with, the lip 12, the purpose
being to help retain the chair against possible forward sliding
movement, accidental or otherwise. The back legs are spaced some
distance away from the back edge 50. This arrangement of the chair
places its weight, and that of an occupant, more toward the front
edge 49 than the back edge 50, with the result that the platform is
tilted toward the floor at its front edge, note FIG. 3; and in this
position it is supported on three locations comprising wheel 14 and
casters 41 and 42, while the back casters 40 and 43 are lifted out
of contact with the floor. The degree of tilt is small, say on the
order of 3.degree. or 4.degree., although it may range up to
9.degree. or 10.degree., but preferably is not above 5.degree. or
6.degree.. In any event, the tilt is not such as to cause
discomfort to the occupant. The occupant's feet may be resting on
the front lip 12, or on the floor in front of the device. By
shifting his weight toward the back edge and by pushing with his
hands against a nearby object, or if he is able to exert some
pressure on the floor with his feet, he can balance the device on
the center wheel only, after first having applied the brake, and he
can then rotate the device using the braked wheel as a pivot. Thus,
he can swing himself inwardly toward a table or desk to position
himself thereat, or, if already at such position, he can swing
himself away in order to leave the table or desk. He can, of
course, swing through 360.degree. in either direction if there are
no obstructions in his path.
It will be appreciated that persons who may find the device useful
may be incapacitated in various ways. For example, stroke victims
may not have adequate use of one or both arms, or of one or both
legs. In this connection, consider a person having impaired use of
his legs but able to use his arms at least to some extent. He may
be able to approach a table on his own, using a walker, but when he
goes to sit down, some one must turn the chair to one side to
receive him and then turn it back again, after he is seated, to
properly position him at table; and this procedure is reversed when
the patient leaves the table. But when the chair is first placed on
the device of the invention, the patient, after he has been seated
in it, is able to turn the chair toward the table by himself, and
can turn it away from the table preparatory to leaving it. A person
with impaired use of his arms but having adequate leg function can
rotate the device by exerting pressure on the floor with his feet
or on a nearby object.
The platform, with chair and occupant in position, can also be
moved from place to place by an attendant, who simply pushes the
back of the chair as if he were pushing a conventional wheel chair.
During such use, the occupant merely sits in place, without regard
to shifting his weight to any particular side, as the device is
stably supported on three locations comprising the center wheel and
two casters, and these two casters may be at the front or back edge
of the device or at either side.
Returning to FIG. 3, the wheel 14 is shown as having a non-skid
floor-engaging surface comprising the rubber tread 52 to provide
non-skid pivoting on the floor 53. The hub 54 and disc 55 are of
plastic but may be of any other suitable material. A non-skid cover
56, preferably of rubber, is laid over the platform 11.
The manner in which strip 29 is fastened to the platform is
illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the latter being an enlarged view of
a detail of the former. A wood screw 57 is shown holding the strip
in place, while spacer washers 58 allow room for the lever 26. It
will be understood that strip 28 is similarly fastened and that
pivot 27 is similarly provided with spacer washers.
In FIG. 3, the distance AB is variable, but desirably is so chosen
that the amount of tilt is not uncomfortable to the chair occupant
and permits the occupied platform to assume a stable position.
Numerically, a preferred distance for AB is one-half inch, more or
less, but obviously the distance could be seven-sixteenths, or
nine-sixteenths, or six-sixteenths, or ten-sixteenths, or
five-sixteenths, or eleven-sixteenths, or twelve-sixteenths
inch.
Conventional support arms may be present on the platform to allow a
user to grip the same for support. They are useful where an armless
chair is placed on the platform. Support legs for the arms are
indicated at 60, 61, 62, and 63 as optional structure, and the legs
may be attached to the platform in a conventional manner.
FIGS. 5 and 6 show the use of a ball 65 as the platform-support
means, preferably a ball made of rubber, which may replace the
wheel 14. It is supported on an axle 66 to which a yoke 67 is
attached and held in place by nuts 68, the yoke being connected to
platform 11 by means not shown, and if desired, such connection may
or may not be a pivoting one, and if a pivoting connection is
desired, one may use a pivot like that at 27 to hold the yoke
portion 67a to the platform. At 25 is the brake lever, and to it is
connected an L-shaped extension 69 which makes braking engagement
with the ball at 70. The brake lever operates in the manner
described in connection with FIGS. 2 and 3. Use of a ball like 65
in place of the wheel 14 can eliminate the need for a central
recess 13. It may also provide for a somewhat easier pivoting
movement as the ball can pivot about its point or area of contact
with the floor and/or about the pivotable attachment which holds
yoke portion 67a to the platform.
In FIG. 7 the platform-support means comprises a stationary post 72
which extends through a recess 73 in the platform 11. The post has
a floor-engaging surface provided by the plate 74, which may be
welded to the post and which is covered by a non-skid rubber disc
75. A roller bearing 76 is supported on a shoulder or land 77 on
the post, the bearing comprising conventional inner and outer races
with the inner race press-fitted to the reduced diameter portion 78
of the post and the outer race being free to rotate. A washer 79
engages the post and rests on top of the bearing. Platform 11 rests
on the washer and is held between it and another bearing 80
comprising a roller bearing of somewhat smaller size than bearing
76. The inner race of bearing 80 is press-fitted on the upper end
portion 78 of the post while the outer race is free to rotate. The
post has a threaded free end 81 engaged by nut 82, the latter
making contact only with the inner race of the bearing. Thus,
platform 11 is free to rotate as it is supported between the
rotatable outer races of both bearings. If desired, the upper
bearing 80 may be replaced by other means for supporting the
platform on its upper surface, such as a bushing or a washer,
relatively to which the platform is rotatable.
Preferably the post is disposed at the exact center of the
platform, but it can also be off center to a slight extent without
affecting the performance of the device. Similarly, the wheel 14
could be off center a bit, but the balance is improved when it is
at dead center.
In general, it is possible to use double wheels, i.e., two wheels
disposed side by side, in place of the single wheel 14, and thus
improve the balance of the device. In FIG. 1, the wheel is shown as
parallel to the front edge 49, but it could also be disposed at
right angles thereto. Also, although recess 13 permits the wheel to
operate therein, it is feasible to employ a smaller wheel and
dispose it entirely on the underside of the platform, as in the
case of the ball 65 of FIGS. 5 and 6, and thus eliminate the need
for a recess. Or if a recess is desired, it can be made narrower
than recess 13, and of a generally elliptical shape, so that the
same recessed platform could be used with a wheel like 14 or with a
post like 72. If also desired, a hand hole may be formed in the
platform, say between casters 40 and 41 and parallel to the near
side of the platform, to provide a convenient means of lifting the
device when not in use. The platform may suitably be made of a
strong light weight wood, such as plywood of suitable thickness, or
of a light weight metal like aluminum, high aluminum alloys, high
magnesium alloys, and the like.
If desired, other objects besides a chair may be supported on the
platform and may be transported thereon from place to place by an
attendant.
It will be understood that the invention is capable of obvious
modifications without departing from its scope.
* * * * *